资源简介 2024新外研版英语八上Unit 1 This is me知识点总结【单词+短语+句子+语法】(2022新课标)重点单词描述人物外貌与性格1. tall /t l/ adj. 高的2. short / t/ adj. 矮的3. slim /sl m/ adj. 苗条的4. curly / k li/ adj. 卷曲的(头发)5. straight /stre t/ adj. 直的(头发)6. glasses / ɡlɑ s z/ n. 眼镜7. kind /ka nd/ adj. 善良的8. outgoing / a tɡ / adj. 外向的9. shy / a / adj. 害羞的10. hard-working / hɑ d w k / adj. 勤奋的基础词汇(高频使用)11. introduce / ntr dju s/ v. 介绍12. nationality / n n l ti/ n. 国籍13. hobby / h bi/ n. 爱好14. friendly / frendli/ adj. 友好的15. appearance / p r ns/ n. 外貌16. personality / p s n l ti/ n. 性格17. grade /ɡre d/ n. 年级;成绩18. dream /dri m/ n.&v. 梦想19. future / fju t (r)/ n. 未来20. favourite / fe v r t/ adj. 最喜欢的学校与日常生活21. classmate / klɑ sme t/ n. 同学22. subject / s bd kt/ n. 科目23. physics / f z ks/ n. 物理24. geography /d i ɡr fi/ n. 地理25. history / h stri/ n. 历史26. dormitory / d m tri/ n. 宿舍27. canteen /k n ti n/ n. 食堂28. library / la br ri/ n. 图书馆29. club /kl b/ n. 俱乐部30. activity / k t v ti/ n. 活动动词与短语31. remember /r memb (r)/ v. 记得32. forget /f ɡet/ v. 忘记33. wake up /we k p/ 醒来34. arrive / ra v/ v. 到达35. join /d n/ v. 加入36. practise / pr kt s/ v. 练习37. improve / m pru v/ v. 提高38. worry about / w ri ba t/ 担心39. get along with 与…相处40. be good at 擅长国家与语言41. China / t a n / n. 中国42. Chinese / t a ni z/ n.&adj. 汉语;中国的43. America / mer k / n. 美国44. American / mer k n/ adj.&n. 美国的;美国人45. Britain / br tn/ n. 英国46. British / br t / adj. 英国的47. Japan /d p n/ n. 日本48. Japanese / d p ni z/ n.&adj. 日语;日本的其他重点词汇49. birthday / b θde / n. 生日50. email / i me l/ n. 电子邮件51. form /f m/ n. 表格52. questionnaire / kwest ne (r)/ n. 问卷调查53. information / nf me n/ n. 信息54. profile / pr fa l/ n. 个人简介55. goal /ɡ l/ n. 目标56. team /ti m/ n. 团队petition / k mp t n/ n. 比赛58. prize /pra z/ n. 奖品59. diary / da ri/ n. 日记60. plan /pl n/ n.&v. 计划61. advice / d va s/ n. 建议62. habit / h b t/ n. 习惯63. health /helθ/ n. 健康64. exercise / eks sa z/ n.&v. 锻炼65. weekend / wi k end/ n. 周末66. holiday / h l de / n. 假期主要短语自我介绍相关短语1. introduce oneself 自我介绍2. come from / be from 来自(I come from China.)3. be interested in 对…感兴趣4. be good at 擅长(She is good at swimming.)5. be fond of 喜欢(= like)6. be crazy about 痴迷于7. in one’s free time 在某人空闲时8. have a dream to... 有一个…的梦想9. make friends with 与…交朋友10. get along with 与…相处融洽外貌与性格描述11. tall/short with... 高/矮,带有…(He is tall with glasses.)12. have straight/curly hair 有直发/卷发13. wear glasses 戴眼镜14. look like 看起来像(She looks like her mother.)15. be kind to sb. 对某人友善16. be outgoing/shy 外向的/害羞的17. work hard 努力学习/工作18. be full of energy 充满活力学校与日常活动19. go to school 上学20. in Grade 8 在八年级21. favourite subject 最喜欢的科目22. join a club 加入俱乐部23. take part in 参加(活动)24. do sports 做运动25. play the piano/guitar 弹钢琴/吉他26. read books 读书27. write diaries 写日记28. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事29. ask for advice 寻求建议时间与习惯表达30. wake up early/late 早起/晚起31. get dressed 穿衣服32. have breakfast/lunch/dinner 吃早/午/晚餐33. go to bed 睡觉34. on weekdays/weekends 在工作日/周末35. once/twice a week 每周一/两次36. keep healthy 保持健康37. get enough sleep 获得充足睡眠其他实用短语38. by the way 顺便说一下39. of course 当然40. not...at all 一点也不(I don’t like it at all.)41. a lot of / lots of 许多42. take a photo 拍照43. send an email 发送电子邮件44. fill in a form 填写表格45. share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物46. look forward to 期待(+ doing)47. have fun 玩得开心重点句子句型自我介绍1. My name is... / I'm...(我叫...)My name is Li Hua. / I'm David.2. I come from... / I'm from...(我来自...)I come from China. / I'm from Beijing.3. I am a student in Grade 8.(我是八年级学生。)4. I am... years old.(我...岁。)I am 13 years old.5. My nationality is...(我的国籍是...)My nationality is Chinese.6. I speak...(我会说...)I speak English and Chinese.外貌与性格描述7. I am tall/short/slim.(我个子高/矮/苗条。)8. I have straight/curly hair.(我有直发/卷发。)9. I wear glasses.(我戴眼镜。)10. I look like my mother/father.(我长得像妈妈/爸爸。)11. I am kind/outgoing/shy.(我很友善/外向/害羞。)12. I am good at...(我擅长...)I am good at playing basketball.13. I am interested in...(我对...感兴趣。)I am interested in music.14. I love/like/enjoy...(我喜欢...)I love reading books.15. My favourite subject is...(我最喜欢的科目是...)My favourite subject is English.日常活动16. I wake up at...(我...点起床。)I wake up at 6:30.17. I go to school by...(我乘...去上学。)I go to school by bike.18. I have breakfast/lunch/dinner at...(我在...点吃早/午/晚餐。)I have breakfast at 7:00.19. I do my homework in the evening.(我晚上做作业。)20. I go to bed at...(我...点睡觉。)I go to bed at 10:00.21. In my free time, I...(在我的空闲时间,我...)In my free time, I play football.22. On weekends, I...(在周末,我...)On weekends, I visit my grandparents.学校生活(School Life)23. My school is big/small.(我的学校很大/小。)24. There are... students in my class.(我班上有...名学生。)There are 40 students in my class.25. My teacher is strict/friendly.(我的老师很严格/友好。)26. I study... at school.(我在学校学习...)I study maths and science at school.27. I join the... club.(我参加了...俱乐部。)I join the music club.28. I take part in...(我参加...)I take part in sports activities.29. I want to be a... in the future.(我将来想成为...)I want to be a doctor in the future.能力与愿望30. I can swim/play the piano.(我会游泳/弹钢琴。)31. I can't speak French.(我不会说法语。)32. I want to learn...(我想学习...)I want to learn Japanese.33. I hope to...(我希望...)I hope to travel around the world.34. My dream is to...(我的梦想是...)My dream is to be a pilot.35. I plan to...(我计划...)I plan to study abroad.互动与社交36. Nice to meet you!(很高兴认识你!)37. What's your name (你叫什么名字?)38. Where are you from (你来自哪里?)39. How old are you (你多大了?)40. What do you look like (你长什么样子?)41. What are your hobbies (你的爱好是什么?)42. What's your favourite subject (你最喜欢的科目是什么?)43. Can you help me (你能帮我吗?)44. Let's be friends!(我们做朋友吧!)45. See you tomorrow!(明天见!)46. Have a nice day!(祝你今天愉快!)语法点本单元语法是现在完成时。现在完成时,用来描述过去发生的动作或状态与现在有联系的时态。它强调动作的结果、影响或持续性,而非动作发生的具体时间。一)基本结构- 肯定句:主语 + have/has + 过去分词例:She has finished her homework.(她完成了作业。)- 否定句:主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词例:They haven't seen the movie.(他们没看过这部电影。)- 疑问句:Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词?例:Have you ever been to Japan (你去过日本吗?)注意:- have 用于第一人称(I/we)、第二人称(you)及复数主语(they/students...)。- has 用于第三人称单数(he/she/it/Tom...)。二)核心用法1. 动作发生在过去,但对现在有影响或结果- 强调过去的动作导致现在的结果或状态。例:- I've lost my keys.(我丢了钥匙 → 现在无法开门。)- He has broken his leg.(他摔断了腿 → 现在无法走路。)2. 从过去持续到现在的动作或状态- 常与 for + 时间段 或 since + 时间点 连用。例:- She has lived here for 10 years.(她住在这里10年了 → 现在仍住着。)- We've known each other since 2015.(我们从2015年就认识了 → 现在仍认识。)3. 过去的经历(不强调具体时间)- 常与 ever/never/before 连用,表示“是否经历过某事”。例:- Have you ever tried sushi (你吃过寿司吗?)- I've never been to Paris.(我从未去过巴黎。)4. 刚刚完成的动作(常用 just/recently)例:- They've just left.(他们刚离开。)- The train has recently arrived.(火车最近到站了。)三)常见时间状语- 不确定时间:already(已经),yet(还/已经),recently(最近),lately(近来),so far(迄今为止)。例:- Have you finished yet (你完成了吗?)- He hasn't called so far.(他至今没打电话。)- 持续/重复动作:for/since, up to now(直到现在),in the past few years(过去几年里)。例:- I've studied English for 5 years.- She has worked here since 2020.四)与其他时态的区别1. 现在完成时 vs. 一般过去时- 现在完成时:不强调具体时间,关注现在的影响。例:I've read the book.(书的内容我现在知道。)- 一般过去时:强调动作发生在过去某一时间。例:I read the book yesterday.(昨天读的,不涉及现在。)2. 现在完成时 vs. 现在完成进行时- 现在完成时:强调动作已完成或结果。例:I've painted the room.(房间已刷完。)- 现在完成进行时:强调动作持续或反复。例:I've been painting the room.(一直在刷,可能未完成。)五)注意事项1. 不与明确过去时间连用- I have seen him yesterday.(×)- I saw him yesterday.(√)2. been to vs. gone to- has been to:去过某地(已回来)。例:She has been to Tokyo.(她去过东京。)- has gone to:去了某地(未回来)。例:He has gone to Tokyo.(他在去东京的路上/已在东京。)3. 延续性动词与非延续性动词- 延续性动词(live, work, know)可直接接 for/since。例:They have known each other for years.- 非延续性动词(die, leave, buy)需用 have/has been + 形容词/名词 表持续。例:He has been dead for a decade.(不可说 has died)六、 过去分词的构成规则规则动词:动词 + -ed(如worked, played)拼写注意:以辅音字母+y结尾 → 变y为i+ed(study → studied)重读闭音节结尾 → 双写末尾辅音+ed(stop → stopped)不规则动词:需单独记忆(如go → gone, see → seen, write → written),以下是英语中常见不规则动词的过去分词变化总结,按规律分类整理,方便记忆:一)AAA型(原形、过去式、过去分词同形)原形 (V1) 过去式 (V2) 过去分词 (V3)cut cut cutput put puthit hit hitlet let letshut shut shutcost cost costhurt hurt hurt例句:The knife has cut my finger.(刀割伤了我的手指。)二)ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)1. 过去分词以 -en 结尾原形 (V1) 过去式 (V2) 过去分词 (V3)eat ate eatengive gave giventake took takenwrite wrote writtendrive drove drivenbreak broke brokenchoose chose chosen例句:She has written a novel.(她写了一本小说。)2. 过去分词以 -n 结尾原形 (V1) 过去式 (V2) 过去分词 (V3)see saw seengo went goneknow knew knowngrow grew grownthrow threw thrown例句:They have gone to the park.(他们去了公园。)3. 其他变化原形 (V1) 过去式 (V2) 过去分词 (V3)find found foundhave had hadmake made madepay paid paidsay said saidstand stood stood例句:He has made a cake.(他做了一个蛋糕。)三)ABC型(原形、过去式、过去分词均不同)原形 (V1) 过去式 (V2) 过去分词 (V3)begin began begundrink drank drunksing sang sungswim swam swumring rang rungblow blew blownfly flew flown例句:The bell has rung.(铃已经响了。)四)其他特殊变化原形 (V1) 过去式 (V2) 过去分词 (V3)be (am/is/are) was/were beendo did donelie(躺) lay lainlie(撒谎) lied liedwear wore worntear tore tornforget forgot forgotten例句:She has done her homework.(她完成了作业。)The old book has torn pages.(这本旧书有撕破的页。)五)易混淆动词对比lie(躺) vs. lie(撒谎) vs. lay(放置)lie (躺) → lay → lain例:The cat has lain on the sofa all day.lie (撒谎) → lied → lied例:He has lied to me many times.lay (放置) → laid → laid例:She has laid the books on the table.hang(悬挂) vs. hang(绞死)hang (悬挂) → hung → hung例:The picture has hung there for years.hang (绞死) → hanged → hanged例:The criminal was hanged in 1890. 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览