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Unit 1 Friendship 学习知识清单
内容提要：
一、夯实基础-----重点词汇梳理（记忆口诀+应用例句）
词组过关-----重点词组总结
写作句型锦囊-----重点句型表达
语法一点通-------语法梳理与应用
写作点拨---------写作导学+参考范文
一、重点词汇梳理（夯实基础)
（一）友谊特质类词汇归纳
friendship /'frend p/ n. 友谊
honest /' n st/ adj. 诚实的，正直的
cheerful /'t fl/ adj. 快乐的，高兴的
humorous /'hju m r s/ adj. 幽默的
caring /'ke r / adj. 关心他人的，体贴人的
patient /'pe nt/ adj. 有耐心的
trustworthy /'tr stw i/ adj. 值得信赖的
thoughtful /'θ tfl/ adj. 体贴的；深思的
understanding / nd 'st nd / adj. 善解人意的
sense of humour 幽默感
记忆口诀：
友谊（friendship）建基础，诚实（honest）是梁柱。
快乐（cheerful）常相伴，幽默（humorous）添温度。
体贴（caring）暖人心，信赖（trustworthy）不可无。
耐心（patient）多包容，善解（understanding）矛盾除。
深思（thoughtful）顾他人，幽默感知（sense of humour）处。
应用例句：
friendship：Good friendship needs care from both sides.
（良好的友谊需要双方的呵护。）
honest：An honest person always tells the truth.
（诚实的人总是说真话。）
cheerful：She has a cheerful personality and often makes others laugh.
（她性格开朗，经常逗别人笑。）
humorous：His humorous stories made the whole class laugh.
（他幽默的故事让全班都笑了。）
caring：The caring girl often helps her classmates with their studies.
（这个体贴的女孩经常帮同学补习功课。）
trustworthy：He is trustworthy, so everyone likes to share secrets with him.
（他值得信赖，所以大家都喜欢和他分享秘密。）
patient：A patient teacher will explain the problem again and again.
（有耐心的老师会一遍遍讲解问题。）
understanding：Her understanding attitude made him feel better.
（她善解人意的态度让他感觉好多了。）
thoughtful：It's thoughtful of him to bring a gift for his friend.
（他为朋友带礼物，真是体贴。）
二、重点词组总结（词组过关）
tell jokes：讲笑话
Tom likes to tell jokes in class, which makes the lesson lively.
（汤姆喜欢在课堂上讲笑话，这让课程变得生动有趣。）
make sb. laugh：使某人发笑
Her funny expressions always make us laugh.
（她滑稽的表情总是能让我们发笑。）
keep secrets：保密
A true friend should know how to keep secrets for each other.
（真正的朋友应该知道为彼此保密。）
get along with sb.：与某人和睦相处
Lisa is kind and easy to get along with.
（莉萨很善良，很容易相处。）
cheer sb. up： 使某人振作起来
When I felt sad, my friend tried to cheer me up with funny stories.
（当我难过的时候，我的朋友试图用有趣的故事让我振作起来。）
share interests：分享兴趣
Mike and I share interests in playing basketball, so we often play together.
（迈克和我都对打篮球有兴趣，所以我们经常一起打。）
give up：放弃
Never give up when you face difficulties.
（当你遇到困难时，永远不要放弃。）
encourage sb. to do sth.：鼓励某人做某事
Teachers often encourage us to read more books.
（老师经常鼓励我们多读书。）
believe in：信任
We should believe in our friends and support them.
（我们应该信任我们的朋友并支持他们。）
in times of danger：在危险时刻
True friends will help each other in times of danger.
（真正的朋友在危险时刻会互相帮助。）
a little bit：有点儿
This math problem is a little bit difficult for me.
（这道数学题对我来说有点儿难。）
三、重点句型表达（写作句型锦囊）
（一）友谊特质描述
Good friends should be kind and caring.
（好朋友应该善良且体贴。）
should be +adj.结构
They should also be honest and never lie to you.
（他们也应该诚实，从不对你撒谎。）
should be +adj.结构
A good friend has a great sense of humour and makes you laugh.
（好朋友有很强的幽默感，能让你发笑。）
Betty is trustworthy and always keeps secrets for me.
（贝蒂值得信赖，总是为我保守秘密。）
（二）行为与情感表达
When something worries me, I always go to her.
（当有事情让我担心时，我总是去找她。）
something不定代词，做主语时当单数，谓语要用三单形式。
She is patient enough to listen to me and understands me quite well.
（她足够有耐心听我说话，并且很理解我。）be enough to do sth.
You will never feel bored with him around.
（有他在身边，你永远不会感到无聊。）
feel bored with sb.
He encourages me to keep trying when I want to give up.
（当我想放弃时，他鼓励我继续尝试。）
encourage sb. to do sth.
鼓励某人做某事；
keep doing sth. 继续作某事
（三）比较结构
Her hair is longer than mine.（她的头发比我的长。）
Max is the tallest boy in our class.（马克斯是我们班最高的男孩。）
Betty is the most wonderful friend in my life.（贝蒂是我生命中最棒的朋友。）
（四）哲理与建议类表达
A true friend should not leave you in times of danger.
（真正的朋友不应该在你身处危险时离开你。）
It's important to share both happiness and sadness with your friends.
（与朋友分享快乐和悲伤很重要。）
it’s +adj. (for sb.）to do sth.做某事对某人来说是怎么样的
Believe in your friends and they will believe in you.
（信任你的朋友，他们也会信任你。）
四、语法点详细梳理
（一）形容词比较级和最高级（Comparative and superlative adjectives）
构成规则-规则变化
一般在形容词后加 - er 构成比较级，加 - est 构成最高级。
例如：tall→taller→tallest；fast→faster→fastest。
以不发音的 e 结尾的形容词，加 - r 或 - st。
例如：nice→nicer→nicest；large→larger→largest。
以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的形容词，先把 y 改为 i，再加 - er 或 - est。
例如：happy→happier→happiest；easy→easier→easiest。
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的形容词，先双写该辅音字母，再加 - er 或 - est。
例如：big→bigger→biggest；hot→hotter→hottest。
多音节形容词和部分双音节形容词，在前面加 more 或 most。
例如：beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful；interesting→more interesting→most interesting。
不规则变化：（需要单独记忆）
good/well→better→best； bad/badly→worse→worst；many/much→more→most； little→less→least；far→farther/further→farthest/furthest。
具体用法
比较级用于两者之间的比较，结构为 “比较级 + than”。
例如：Max is taller than any other student in our class.
（马克斯比我们班任何其他学生都高。）
最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较，前面加 the，结构为 “the + 最高级 + in/of”。
例如Betty is the most helpful student in our class.
（贝蒂是我们班最乐于助人的学生。）
“as + 形容词原级 + as” 表示 “和…… 一样……”
“not as/so + 形容词原级 + as” 表示 “不如……”
例如：Her hair is as long as mine.（她的头发和我的一样长。）
This book is not as interesting as that one.（这本书不如那本书有趣。）
（二）后缀 -ful 和 -less（Suffixes -ful and -less）
用法：加在名词后构成形容词。
-ful表示 “充满…… 的”。
例如：cheer→cheerful（快乐的）；help→helpful（有帮助的）；
use→useful（有用的）；care→careful（小心的）。
-less表示 “没有…… 的”。
例如：sleep→sleepless（失眠的）； help→helpless（无助的）；meaning→meaningless（无意义的）；care→careless（粗心的）。
（三）情态动词（Modal verbs）
can/could
表示能力，意为 “能，会”。
例如：I can play badminton.（我会打羽毛球。）
Could you swim when you were young （你小时候会游泳吗？）
表示请求或允许，意为 “可以”。
例如：Can I borrow your book （我可以借你的书吗？）
Could you help me with my homework （你可以帮我做作业吗？）
should
表示建议或责任，意为 “应该”。
例如：You should be honest with your friends.（你应该对朋友诚实。）
We should help each other in times of difficulty.
（在困难时刻我们应该互相帮助。）
must
表示必须，意为 “必须”。
例如：You must finish your homework before watching TV.
（你必须在看电视前完成作业。）
表示推测，意为 “一定”。
例如：The book must be Lily's, because her name is on it.
（这本书一定是莉莉的，因为上面有她的名字。）
五、写作点拨
（一）写作结构
引言（Introduction）：介绍最好朋友的名字、初次见面的时间和地点。
主体（Main body）
描述朋友的外貌特征。
阐述朋友的性格特点和优秀品质，结合具体事例说明。
讲述与朋友之间的难忘经历，体现友谊的珍贵。
结论（Conclusion）：总结朋友对自己的影响，表达对友谊的珍惜。
写作大纲（My best friend）
Title
（题目） My Best Friend - Lucy
（我最好的朋友——露西）
Introduction
（引言） Lucy is my best friend. We met in Grade 7 at a school activity.
（露西是我最好的朋友。我们是在七年级的一次学校活动中认识的。）
Main body
（主体） Looks: tall, slim, long curly hair, big bright eyes· Qualities: kind, helpful, humorous, trustworthy· Examples: helps me with Maths, tells jokes when I'm sad, keeps my secrets· Unforgettable experience: helped me when I was ill and missed classes
外貌：高挑、苗条、长卷发、大眼睛炯炯有神· 品质：善良、乐于助人、幽默、值得信赖· 事例：帮我补习数学，我难过时讲笑话逗我开心，替我保守秘密· 难忘经历：我生病缺课时帮助我）
Conclusion
（结论） Lucy is not only my best friend but also my sister. I hope our friendship will last forever.
（露西不仅是我最好的朋友，也是我的妹妹。我希望我们的友谊地久天长。）
（三）参考范文
My Best Friend - Lucy
Lucy is my best friend, and I'm lucky to have her in my life. We first met in Grade 7 at a school art activity. She was painting a beautiful picture, and I was attracted by her talent.
Lucy is tall and slim with long curly hair and big bright eyes. She always wears a warm smile on her face, which makes her look very friendly. What I like most about Lucy is her kind and helpful nature. She is always ready to help others. Last term, I was having trouble with Maths, and she spent every weekend helping me with my homework and explaining difficult problems to me. Thanks to her help, my Maths improved a lot.
Lucy is also very humorous. She has a great sense of humour and can always make me laugh. Whenever I feel sad or bored, she tells me funny jokes or stories. One time, I failed a test and was very upset. Lucy came to me and told me a funny story about her little brother, which made me laugh out loud. She is also a trustworthy person. I can tell her anything, and she always keeps my secrets.
One unforgettable experience we had was when I was ill and missed a week of classes. Lucy came to my house every day after school, bringing me my homework and helping me catch up. She even drew pictures to explain some difficult concepts, which made learning fun. Her thoughtfulness touched me deeply.
Lucy is more than just a friend to me; she is like a sister. She has taught me the meaning of true friendship - being kind, helpful, and supportive. I hope our friendship will last a lifetime, and I know we will always be there for each other.

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