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Unit 3 Same or Different
第3课时
Section A (3a-3c)
R·八年级上册
Warm up
What adjectives can you find in the song
Grass gets ________.
Days gets _________.
Sun gets ________.
________and ________.
Dreams get _______.
Smiles get ________.
Love gets ________.
________ and ________.
I don’t care about the things that they say.
All I know is that everything’s going my way.
It gets ______. Oh~ It gets ______.
It gets ______. ______and _______.
What do these words have in common
greener
warmer
brighter
Brighter
brighter
bigger
wider
stronger
Stronger
stronger
better
better
better
Better
better
Comparatives
比较级
Read the sentences and notice the comparatives in bold. Find more examples in Section A.
3a
Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella’s.
Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her.
Emma always gets up earlier than me, but I work as hard as her!
There are more activities this year. It is more colourful than last year.
Read Section A and find more examples.
Who dances better, Ella or Emma （Section A, 1e）
—Is Ella taller than Emma
—No, she is shorter than Emma.（Section A, 1e）
I’m a little quieter than Ella. And she is funnier than me.（Section A, 2a）
Many people say I’m lazier than Emma...（Section A, 2a）
什么时候使用比较级？
想一想：
形容词和副词的比较级构成是怎样的？
形容词和副词的比较级用法是怎样的？
Comparatives
Grammar
定义
形容词和副词的比较级的构成
常用句型结构
Lisa is shorter than Mike.
大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级。其中比较级表示“更……”，用于两者（人或事物）之间的比较，说明“前者比后者更……”。
定义
Look and say
taller
more colourful
shorter
better
louder
more
funnier
earlier
lazier
more outgoing
bigger
nicer
Can you find out the rules of comparative degree
形容词和副词的比较级的构成
比较级的变化规则 例词
单音节词和部 分双音节词
一般在词尾加-er
tall→taller
fast→faster
以字母e结尾的词，在词尾加-r
large→larger
nice→nicer
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，变y为i，再加-er
lazy→lazier
early→earlier
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，再加-er
big→bigger
fat→fatter
比较级的变化规则 例词
在词前加more
outgoing→ more outgoing
forgetful→ more forgetful
many/much →more little →less
good/well →better bad/badly/ill →worse
far →farther/further old →older/elder
多音节词和部分双音节词
特殊记忆
_____________
__________
18.friendly 19.beautifully
说出下面单词的比较级形式。
1.nice ______ 2.fat ______ 3.slow ______
4.dry ______ 5.happy ______ 6.wet ______
7.much ______ 8. ill ______ 9.little ______
10.bad ______ 11. thin ______ 12.far ______
13.early ______ 14. easy ______ 15.few ______
16.excting______________ 17.careful ______________
nicer
fatter
slower
drier
happier
wetter
more
worse
less
worse
thinner
farther/further
earlier
fewer
easier
more exciting
more careful
friendlier/
more friendly
more beautifully
常用句型结构
基本用法
(1)A+ be 动词+形容词比较级+than+ B.
A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+ B.
This box is heavier than that one.
这个箱子比那个箱子重。
Tom runs faster than Jim.
汤姆跑得比吉姆快。
意为“A 比 B 更……”
(2) A+ be 动词+倍数+形容词比较级+than+ B.
A+实义动词+倍数+副词比较级+than+ B.
This ball is four times bigger than that one.
这个球是那个球的四倍大。
意为“A是B 的……倍……”
(3)A+ be 动词+the+ 形容词比较级+of the two(+其他).
Mary is the shorter of the two.
玛丽是这两个人中较矮的那个。
A是两者中较……的
(4) Which/Who+be 动词+形容词比较级, A or B
Which/Who+实义动词+副词比较级, A or B
意为“哪一个/谁更……，A 还是 B？”
Which boy is more outgoing, Tom or Jim
哪一个男孩更外向，汤姆还是吉姆？
Who dances better, Kate or Jane
谁跳舞跳得更好，凯特还是简？
(5) A+ be动词+形容词比较级+than any other+
B（可数名词单数）（+其他）．
He is taller than any other boy in his class.
=He is taller than the other boys in his class.
他比他班里的其他任何一个男生都要高。
重难点
A+ be动词+形容词比较级+than the other+
B（可数名词复数）（+其他）．
“A 比其他任何 B 都……”，表示在同一范围内进行比较。这种情况其实是用比较级表达最高级的意思。
（他跟班上的其他男孩比较，属于同一范围）
(6) A+ be动词+形容词比较级+than any +
B（可数名词单数）（+其他）．
China is larger than any country in Africa. 中国比非洲的任何国家都大。
“A 比任何 B 都……”，表示在不同范围内进行比较。
（中国跟非洲的国家不属于同一范围）
重难点
It’s getting colder and colder in winter.
冬天天气变得越来越冷了。
◆ The town is becoming more and more beautiful.
这个小镇正变得越来越美丽。
特殊用法
意为“越来越……”
(7) 比较级+and+比较级
more and more+
形容词/副词原级（多音节词和部分双音节词）
(8) the+比较级, the+比较级
意为“越……，就越……”
The more you laugh, the happier you’ll feel.
你笑得越多，你就会感到越开心。
特殊用法
注意：形容词和副词的比较级前可用much, a little, a lot, far, even, still, any, no, four times等修饰。但不能用so, very, too等来修饰。
We have a much better life now.
我们现在好得多了。
This story is even more interesting than that one. 这个故事比那个更有趣。
注意
I made a lot more mistakes than you (did).
我犯的错误比你多多了。
Your cake is a little larger than mine.
你的蛋糕比我的大一点儿。
It’s still colder today. 今天更冷一些。
—Have you any more 你还有吗
—Oh, sorry, no more. 哦，对不起，没有了。
She’s no better yet. 她一点也没好转。
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. This bridge is the _______ (short) of the two.
2. This elephant is three times ______ (big) than that tiger.
3. Bob’s grandma is eighty, but she looks much ________
(young) than she is.
4. I think maths is _____________ (difficult) than English.
It’s hard for me to learn it well.
5. —Which dog do you think is _____ (lazy), Hobo or
Eddie —I think Eddie is.
shorter
bigger
younger
more difficult
lazier
专项演练
二、单项选择。
1. He feels ________today than yesterday.
A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired
2. Of the two toys, the child chose _______.
A. the more expensive one B. one most expensive
C. a least expensive D. the most expensive one
3. This apple is_______ greener than that one.
A. little B. a little C. more D. many
4. —What’s the weather like tomorrow
—The radio says it is going to be even ________.
A. bad B. worst C. badly D. worse
5. He never does his work _______ Mary.
A. as careful as B. so careful as
C. as carefully as D. carefully as
Use the words in brackets to write questions and answers.
3b
1. Q: Is Julie slimmer than you (Julie/slim/you)
A: No, she isn’t. She is as slim as me.
2. Q: ____________________________________
(you/serious/cousin)
A: No, I’m not. I am ________________than he is.
Are you more serious than your cousin
less serious
苗条的；薄的
3. 1. Q: _______________________ (Tom/smart/Sam)
A: No, I don’t think so. I think Sam is as ______ as Tom.
4. 1. Q: _____________________________
(Jack/swim/fast/Sally)
A: No, he doesn’t. He swims as ______ as Sally.
Is Tom smarter than Sam
smart
Does Jack swim faster than Sally
fast
我认为不是这样。表示否定对方的意见或观点，其肯定形式为“I think so.”。
What cities can you see from the pictures
3c
Guangzhou
Vancouver
广州
温哥华
Let’s make comparisons!
Population[2024] 18.978 million 0.76 million
Area 7, 436 square km 115 square km
Average rainfall per year 1,923 mm 1,475mm
Average January temperature 16℃ 5℃
Average July temperature 31℃ 18℃
What information can you read from the chart
Guangzhou
Vancouver
Facts
人口
面积
年平均降雨量
1 月平均气温
7 月平均气温
in fact事实上；实际上
Look at the chart. Then complete the sentences to compare Guangzhou and Vancouver. Use the words in the box and than.
3c
1. The population of Vancouver was ___________that
of Guangzhou in 2024.
2. In area, Guangzhou is _______________Vancouver.
large small much warm cool
smaller than
larger than
指代“the population”
3. It rains ______ in Guangzhou ______ in Vancouver.
4. Guangzhou has a pleasant temperature in January.
It is ______________ Vancouver in January.
5. Vancouver is _____________ Guangzhou in July.
large small much warm cool
more
than
warmer than
cooler than
单独作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
The population of the ancient town is over 20 thousand. 这个古镇的人口超过两万。
重点单词讲解
(1)population / p pju le n/ n. 人口
高频
表示人口“多”或“少”时，常用 large，big 或 small。
China has a large population. 中国人口众多。
②询问某地的人口数量时，用“What’s the population of... ”
What’s the population of the UK 英国的人口是多少？
=The population of this community is about five thousand.
③表示“某地有多少人口”时，用“... have/has a
population of+数字.”或“The population of ... is+数字.” 。
This community has a population of about five thousand.
这个社区有大约五千人口。
①adj.平均的；平常的
average age 平均年龄
(2) average / v r d /
What is the average rainfall for August in your country
你们国家八月份的平均降雨量是多少？
②n.平均数；平均水准
on average 平均而言；通常地
On average, she spends two hours per day doing housework.
平均而言，她每天花两小时做家务。
①宜人的；舒适的 近义词：comfortable
(3) pleasant / pleznt/ adj.
The weather is pleasant today. 今天天气宜人。
②友好的 同义词：friendly
The girl is pleasant and she always has a smile on her face. 这个女孩很友好，她总是面带微笑。
③令人愉快的
We spent a pleasant evening by the lake.
我们在湖边度过了一个愉快的夜晚。
高频
拓展：pleasant的相关词：
please v.
使满意；使愉快
pleasure n.
乐事；愉快；荣幸
pleased adj.
满意的；高兴的
pleasant adj.
宜人的；友好的；令人愉快的
常描述或说明事物的特征
常说明人的感受
I’m ________ that I had a ________ journey. It brought much __________ to me. I bought some gifts for my parents to _______ them.
我很高兴有一次令人愉快的旅行。它给我带来了很多快乐。我给我父母买了一些礼物来让他们高兴。
请用pleased, pleasant, pleasure和please 填空。
pleased
pleasant
pleasure
please
that
it
one
辨析：that，it与one
特指上文提到过的那类事物，常用在有比较级含义的句子中，其复数形式为those
重点知识
The population of Vancouver was smaller than that of Guangzhou in 2024.
高频
指代前面提到的同一事物，即同类同物
泛指前面提到的同类人或物中的一个，
即同类不同物
◇ The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai.
北京的天气比上海的天气冷。
◇The silk scarf is nice. I like it.
这条丝巾好看。我喜欢它。
◇ I don’t have a pen. Can you lend me one
我没有钢笔。你能借我一支吗？
例句：
Facts City name 1 City name 2
Population[2022]
Area
Average rainfall per year
Average January temperature
Average July temperature
Individual work
You are required to make a chart about two cities in China. Search information on the Internet, and then make comparisons.
课后作业
Make a presentation about your chart
The population of … is larger/bigger/smaller than that of …
In area, … is larger/smaller than ...
It rains more/less in … than in …
… has a … temperature in January. It is … than … in January.
… is … than … in July.
Homework
1.熟记并掌握形容词和副词比较级的构成及用法。
2.课后查阅资料，对比两个城市，并写一份报告。
3.完成课后语法巩固练习。

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