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Unit 1 Sports 知识梳理
2025-2026学年八年级英语上册新课标（核心素养）同步大师课堂
(
重点单词与词语
) (
知识点一
)
一、重点单词
1. reason n. 原因，理由，解释
2. baseball n. 棒球（运动）
3. host n. 主持人；v.主持
4. secret n. 秘诀
5. set adj. 安排好的； vt.安排
6. full adj. 充满的；丰富的
7. rest n. 休息时间；v.休息
8. Olympic adj. 奥林匹克运动会的
9. slogan n. 标语；口号
10. medal n. 奖章，勋章
11. include v. 包含，包括
12. normally adv. 通常
13. once adv. 一次
14. ancient adj. 古代的
15. athlete n. 运动员
16. success n. 成功
17. popular adj. 广受欢迎的
18. symbolize v. 象征着
19. meeting n. 会议
20. president n. 主席；总统
21.explain v. 解释
22. kick vi./vt. 踢；踹
23. score vt./vi. 得分n.分数
24. goal n. 射门；目标
25. improve vt./vi. 提升
26. balance vt./vi. 改进；改善；n.平衡
27. battle n. 战役,较量
28. gold n. 金； adj. 金色的
29. iron n. 铁
30. born v. 出生
31. advise v. 劝告；建议
32. instead adv. 代替
33.championship n.
34. career n. 生涯
35. return v./n 回来
36. lead v. 带路； n. 主角
37. respected adj. 受人尊敬的
38. hero n. 英雄
二、重点短语
1.keep up 使某事物保持
2.ever since 自从,从··起，自……以后,
3.wear out 磨薄，穿破，磨损，用坏　　
4.head coach主教练
5.lie in 存在，在于
(
重点句型
)6.at least 至少，不少于
(
知识点二
)
1.I know you are busy with schoolwork, but you also play a lot of sports.
我知道你学业很忙，但你也经常参加体育活动。
2. What's your secret to having time for both 你是如何同时兼顾这两方面的？
3. Well, I have a timetable and I do my homework at the same time every day. I also have set time for sports and exercise. 我有一个时间表，每天固定时间做作业，同时也会安排时间进行体育锻炼。
4.It makes me feel full of energy for the rest of the day.这让我一整天都充满活力。
5. I run with my friends and we encourage each other. 我和朋友们一起跑步，互相鼓励。
6. It's a great way to relax after lessons and before we start our homework.
这是课后和开始做作业前放松的好方法。
7. Each is normally held once every four years with a space of two years in between.
每四年举办一次，中间相隔两年。
8. Only 300 athletes from 14 countries took part, and there were fewer events than in the present Olympics.
只有来自14个国家的300名运动员参赛，比赛项目比现在的奥运会少。
9.Ever since then, the competition has become more and more popular.自那以后，这项赛事越来越受欢迎。
10.The Olympic rings are the symbol of the Olympics. These five coloured rings symbolise the union of the five continents,and the meeting of athletes from around the world at the Olympic Games.
奥运会的五环是其象征，这五个彩色的环代表着五大洲的团结，以及世界各地运动员在奥运会上的相聚。
11.In class, I focus only on my schoolwork. Training always takes place after class.
在课堂上，我只专注于学习。训练则在课后进行。
12.When she was a child, she wanted to join the basketball team like her sister, but her PE teacher advised her to try volleyball instead, and she did.
她小时候想加入篮球队，像她的姐姐一样，但体育老师建议她试试排球，她也尝试了。
13."The spirit of the Chinese women's volleyball team doesn't lie in winning, but in never giving up, even when it seems like you cannot win."
(
重点语法
)“中国女排的精神不在于胜利，而在于永不放弃，即使看似无法取胜。”
(
知识点三
)
形容词/副词的比较级和最高级
一、基本用法
（一）概述
英语中的形容词和副词有三个等级，即原级、比较级和最高级，以此表示人或事物的等级差别。形容词和副词的比较级用于两者之间的比较，表示“较……”或“更……一些”；形容词和副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间的比较，表示“最……”，形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省略。
（二）比较等级的构成
形容词、副词比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化。
1. 规则变化
单音节词和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加-er或-est High–higher–highest fast–faster– fastest
以字母e结尾的词，直接加-r或-st nice–nicer–nicest late–later–latest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先把y变为i，再加-er或-est busy–busier–busiest early–earlier–earliest
以重读闭音节结尾，词尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er或-es． hot–hotter–hottest thin–thinner–thinnest
多音节和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most difficult–more difficult–most difficult quickly–more quickly–most quickly
2. 不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good(好的)/ well(好地，健康的) better best
bad(坏的)/ill(有病的)/ badly(坏地；恶劣地) worse worst
many(许多)/ much(许多) more most
little(少的) less least
far(远的/地) farther(指距离)较远 further(指距离和抽象概念)较远 farthest(指距离)最远 furthest(指距离和抽象概念)最远
old(老的) older elder(指年长的) oldest eldest
二、特殊用法
（一）比较级的修饰语
1. 在比较级前常用much（……得多），even（甚至），still（更），a little（一点），a bit（有点），a lot（很多）等来修饰，表示程度进一步加深。
I am much older than my brother.
我比我弟弟大得多。
Lin Ping is a little more outgoing than me.林萍比我更外向一点。
2. very, quite, too等程度副词一般只修饰形容词原级，不能修饰比较级。
This tree is very tall.
这棵树很高。
（二）形容词和副词原级比较的两种句型
1. the same as...意为“与……一致，与……相同的”。
His dream is the same as mine.
他的梦想和我的一样。
2.“as+形容词/副词原级+as...”表示……和……一样”，否定结构为“not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as”，表示“第一个人/物在……比不上第二个”。
This film is as interesting as that one.
这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
（三）形容词与副词的比较级的常用句型结构
1. A+谓语动词+比较级+than+B. ，表示“A比B……”。
I think English is less important than maths.
我认为英语不如数学重要。
2. Which/Who+谓语动词比较级，A or B ，or连接两个选项，表示对两者的比较或选择，意为“A和B，哪个/谁更……？”。
Which is heavier, pig or an elephant
一头猪和一头大象哪个重？
Who has more books, Lin Tao or Han Mei
林涛和韩梅谁的书更多？
3. get/become+比较级+and+比较级，意为“变得越来越……”，and连接两个相同的形容词比较级，当形容词是多音节或部分双音节词时，结构变为“get/ become more and more+形容词原级”。
It's getting colder and colder when winter comes.
当冬天来临时，天气变得越来越冷。
Our hometown is getting more and more beautiful
我们的家乡正变得越来越美丽。
4. the+比较级，the+比较级，意为“越……，就越……”，表示两个过程按比例同时增减。
The more, the better.
多多益善。
The harder you study, the better grades you'll get.
你学习越努力，就越能取得好成绩。
5. “主语+谓语动词+the+比较级+of the two+...”意为“主语是两者中较……的那个。”，是特指的情况。
Jack is the taller of the two. 杰
克是两个人中较高的一个。
6. 主语+谓语动词+比较级+ than any other+单数名词. 表示“一个人或物比同一范围内的任何其他一个都……”。
Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.
上海比中国其他任何一个城市都大。
（四）形容词与副词的最高级的常用句型
形容词与副词的最高级常用于三者或三者以上人或事（物）之间的比较，在表示最高程度，即表示其中一个在某方面“最……”时使用。在句中使用时，形容词最高级前通常用the，句中常含有表示比较范围的介词of或in；of后面一般接表示一群人或事物的代词或名词，in后面一般接表示单位或场所的名词，常用句型结构为：
1. 主语+be+the+形容词最高级（+名词/代词）+in/of短语. 意为“……是……中最……的（……）”。
Spring is the best season of year.
春天是一年中最好的季节。
2. 主语实义动词（+the）+副词最高级+in/of短语. 意为“……是……中最……的”。
Jack works (the) hardest in our class.
在我们班杰克学习最努力。
3. 主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of短语. 意为“……是……中最……
的……之一”。
New York is one of the biggest cities in the world.
纽约是世界上最大的城市之一。
4. 主语+be+the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in/of短语. 意为“……在……中是第几……的……”。
The Yangtze River is the first longest river in our country.
长江是我们国家的第一长河。
5. Which/Who+谓语动词（+the）+最高级，A，B or C 意为“A、B和C，哪个/谁最……？”。
Which is the biggest, the sun, the earth or the moon
太阳地球和月球，哪一个最大？
Who runs (the) fastest, Kate, Tom or Mike
谁跑得最快，凯特、汤姆还是迈克？
（五）比较级的替代
使用比较级时，前后两个比较项要保持一致。若前一个比较项是不可数名词，则后一个比较项可为替代词that。若前一个比较项是复数名词，则后一个比较项可为替代词those。
The weather in Nanjing is warmer than that in Beijing in winter.
在冬天南京的天气比北京暖和。
There are more students in Class 1 than those in Class2.
一班的学生比二班的学生多。
三、注意事项
1. 使用比较级的基本原则：不做比较用原级，两者比较用比较级，多者比较用最高级。
2. 比较的对象要保持前后一致。
Your coat looks more beautiful than mine.
你的大衣比我的好看。
3. 避免将主语包含在比较对象中
China is bigger than any country in Africa. （×）
China is bigger than any other country in Africa. （√）
4. “a/an+比较级”表示“又一/再一更……的”。
My daughter has a doll, but she wants a bigger one. 我女儿有一个玩具娃娃，但是她还想要一个更大的。
5. 最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格等修饰时，其前不用加the。
My eldest daughter is10 years old.
我最大的女儿10岁。
6. 形容词最高级前加不定冠词a，不表示比较，而表示“非常”的意思。
Spring is best season.
春天是一个非常好的季节。
7. most同形容词连用而不用the，表示“极，很，非常，十分”。
It is most useful book.
它是一本非常有用的书。
四、比较结构的同义转换
1. more...than与less...than, not as/so...as的转换
Her sister is more intelligent than her.
=She is less intelligent than her sister.
=She isn't as/so intelligent as her sister. 她的妹妹比她要聪明。
2. 最高级与no...more than的转换
Maths is the most difficult subject of all.
=No subject is more difficult than maths. 数学是所有学科中最难的。
3. 比较级形式表示最高级意义
（1）比较级+than+ other+可数名词单数。
（2）比较级+than+anyone/anything else.
（3）比较级+than+the other+可数名词复数。
(
重点知识
)（4）比较级+any of the other+可数名词复数。
(
知识点四
)
1、I know you are busy with schoolwork, but you also play a lot of sports.
be busy with 忙于某事
be busy doing 忙于做某事
He is busy with competitions.
他忙于比赛。
She is busy doing her homework.
她忙于写作业。
2、What's your secret to having time for both
(the) secret to ···的秘诀，to是介词后面跟名词，代词或动名词。
The secret to keeping fit is to eat more vegetables and fruit.
保持健康的秘诀是多吃蔬菜和水果。
3、Well, I have a timetable and I do my homework at the same time every day. I also have set time for sports and exercise.
at the same time 同时，注意the不能省略
have set time for 为···设定时间
We can’t have set time for two things at the same time.
我们不能同时为两件事设定时间。
4、It makes me feel full of energy for the rest of the day.
1）make sb. do sth.让某人做某事
make sb. adj.让某人怎么样
The information makes me excited.
这个消息让我兴奋。
The accident makes me feel sad.
这个事故让我感到难过。
2）full of充满
be full of= be filled with充满
Life is full of coincidences(巧合).
The boy's eyes are filled with tears.
5、But it's not easy to run every day, especially on cold mornings! How do you manage it
1）It‘s +adj. (for sb.) to do sth.做某事对某人来说怎么样
It is so easy for me to learn English.
学英语对我来说很简单。
It’s +adj. (of sb.) to do sth.做某事某人怎么样
It’s kind of you to help me learn English.
帮助我学英语你真的太好了。
2）manage it 成功地处理或解决某个问题或任务
6、I run with my friends and we encourage each other.
encourage 鼓励
encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
Teachers encourage us to speak(speak) English more.
老师鼓励我们尽可能多的说英语。
7、It's a great way to relax after lessons and before we start our homework.
a great way to do sth.做某事的一个好方法
It’s a great way to do something for our country.
这是一个为祖作出贡献的好方法。
8、Sounds good! Sports are also a great way to meet people we don't know and, of course, they keep us healthy and strong! Keep up the good work!
Keep us healthy and strong让我们健康强壮
keep +adj.
keep quiet 保持安静
keep tidy保持干净
keep up坚持；保持
keep up with 跟上；赶上
9、Each is normally held once every four years with a space of two years in between.
1）each & every
同：都有 “每个” 的意思，有时可以互换
异：
A. each强调每一个各自、依次；every 强调 每一个都包括。
B. each谈论两个或两个以上的人或事物；every谈论三个或三个以上的人或事物。
C. each可以作代词使用；every不可以。
2）be held被举办
be done被动语态，用来强调动作的承受者而非执行者
The letter was written yesterday.
3）once every four years每四年一次
次数的表达：
once 一次
twice两次
三次及以上：基数词+times
10、The first Olympic Games took place in ancient Greece in 776 BCE.第一届奥运会于公元前776年前在古希腊举行。
take place 发生；举行
【区别】take place & happen
①take place表示按计划进行的活动或仪式，强调计划性和规律性
take place at/in/on+时间/地点
②happen描述未经计划的事情，强调意外性
11、They were not as big as the Olympics today. 他们不如今天的奥运会盛大。
not as···as不如
①A + be + as + 形容词原级 + as + B，表示A与B一样(同级比较)
The room is as big as that one.
这个房间和那个一样大。
②A+be+not as + 形容词原级 + as+B，表示A不如B
He is not as tall as his brother.
他不如他哥哥高。
12、Only 300 athletes from 14 countries took part, and there were fewer events than in the present Olympics. 只有来自14个国家的300名运动员参加了（那届奥运会），比赛项目也比现在的的奥运会少。
1）take part 参加
take part in+活动或事件
She takes part in the singing competition.
【区别】take part & join
A. take part强调参加活动的过程或行为，不强调加入某个组织
B. join侧重于加入某个组织、团体等
She joined the basketball team.
2）few
few 修饰可数名词表否定
a few修饰可数名词表肯定
little 修饰不可数名词表否定
a little 修饰不可数名词表肯定
There are few apples left. Let's buy some more.
We have a little time before the meeting starts. Let's relax.
3）fewer than少于
两者之间进行比较用比较级
表示A比B更怎么样
A + 谓语 + 比较级 + than + B
She is taller than her sister.
她比她的姐姐高。
13、Still, for the late 19th century, the 1896 Olympics were a great success. 尽管如此，在19世纪末，1896年奥运会还是取得了巨大的成功。
a great success一个巨大的成功
succeed v.成功
succeed in doing sth成功做某事
success n.成功。指成功的人或事可数，泛指成功不可数
successful adj.成功的
successfully adv.成功地
I succeed in going (go)to a good university.
14、Ever since then, the competition has become more and more popular.自从那以后，这个比赛就变得越来越受欢迎。
1）ever since自从，常与现在完成时have/has done连用
Ever sine then, she has become(become) a fan of pop music.
2）more and more popular，
比较级+and+比较级，表达“越来越···“
It’s getting colder and colder.
天气越来越冷了。
She is more and more beautiful.
她越来越漂亮了。
15、The Olympic rings are the symbol of the Olympics. These five coloured rings symbolise the union of the five continents,and the meeting of athletes from around the world at the Olympic Games.奥运五环是奥运会的象征。这五个彩环象征着五大洲的联合，以及来自世界各地的运动员在奥运会上的相聚。
the symbol of···的象征
The dove is the symbol of the peace.
鸽子是和平的象征。
【拓展】symbol n. 象征 symbolize v.象征；使用符号
16、These three words encourage athletes to do their best during the competition. 这三个词在比赛中鼓励运动员全力以赴。
do one’s best竭尽全力
do/try one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大的努力做某事
17、What are you good at(e.g. sports, English, cooking, etc.) Do you agree with the idea “The more you practise, the better you will be.”
1）be good at 擅长做某事
be good at+sth./ doing sth.
She is good a science.
她擅长科学。
I am good at swimming.
我擅长游泳。
同义短语：do well in
2）agree with sb./sth.同意···
agree v.同意
disagree v.不同意
agreement n. 同意
I can’t agree with your suggestion.
我不同意你的建议。
18、“The more you practise, the better you will be.”
the+比较级，the+比较级越····就越····
The+比较级（+主语+谓语），the+比较级（+主语+谓语）
The harder you study, the luckier you will be.
你越努力，就会越幸运。
19、When did you start playing football
start doing sth.开始做某事
As soon as Tina came back, she started doing her homework.
缇娜一回来就开始写作业。
【拓展】to start with=to begin with 开始
20、I think I was about 4 or 5 years old when I started kicking a ball around. The more l practised, the better I became. At the age of 9, my parents decided I should start training.
1）kick a ball踢球
2）at the age of在某人···岁的时候
At the age of 5, I started kicking a ball.
在我5岁的时候，我开始学习踢球。
21、We train very hard. We practise passing the ball and scoring goals.
practise doing sth.练习做某事
practise v.练习
practice n.练习
If you practise speaking(speak) English, you’ll soon improve.
如果你一直联系英语，不久的将来肯定发能提高。
22、We also do exercises to keep fit. When a player is fit, it's easier to run for 90 minutes during a game!
fitv. 适合；试穿；安置
adj.健康的；合适的；胜任的；
n.合身；匹配
keep fit 保持健康
be fit for 适合；胜任
She tries to keep fit by running every day.
她每天跑步以此保持健康。
23、In class, I focus only on my schoolwork. Training always takes place after class.
1）focus··· on 专注于
We should focus on the environmental issues.
我们应该关注环境问题。
2）training···takes···
动名词做主语，谓语动词用三单。
Eating vegetables and fruit is(be) good for our health.
吃水果和蔬菜对我们的健康有益。
24、When she was a child, she wanted to join the basketball team like her sister, but her PE teacher advised her to try volleyball instead, and she did.
advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事
advise v.建议—advice Un. 建议
a piece of advice
suggest v. 建议—suggestion Cn.建议
My mom advised me to join the football team.
我妈妈建议我参加足球队。
25、She trained the hardest in the volleyball team and she wore out a pair of shoes every month!
1）hardest 最努力地
hardest是harder的最高级。
最高级常用与比较三个或三个以上的人或事物，表示“最····”
2）wear out 磨损，用坏
26、And she became one of the most respected sports heroes in China.最受尊敬的体育英雄之一
在最高级中，如果要表示“最···之一，
one of +the +最高级+可数名词复数+of/in 范围
She is one of the hardest volleyball players in the team.
她是队里最努力的排球运动员之一。
27、"The spirit of the Chinese women's volleyball team doesn't lie in winning, but in never giving up, even when it seems like you cannot win."
lie in 躺在；位于；在于
The secret of success lies in facing your failure bravely.
成功的秘诀在于勇敢地面对失败。
【详解】give up放弃
give up sth./doing sth.放弃（做）某事

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