Unit 1 Sports知识点总结讲义(单词 短语 句子 语法)2025秋新北师大版英语八年级上册

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Unit 1 Sports知识点总结讲义(单词 短语 句子 语法)2025秋新北师大版英语八年级上册

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【2022新课标】
2025秋新北师大版英语八年级上册
Unit 1 Sports
知识点总结
(单词+短语+句子+语法)
重点单词
运动动作与技能类:
throw /θr /
v. 投掷
catch /k t /
v. 接住
kick /k k/
v. 踢
hit /h t/
v. 击打
pass /pɑ s/
v. 传球
dribble / dr bl/
v. 运球
shoot / u t/
v. 射门/投篮
jump /d mp/
v. 跳跃
run /r n/
v. 跑步
swim /sw m/
v. 游泳
train /tre n/
v. 训练
practice / pr kt s/
v. 练习
compete /k m pi t/
v. 竞争
win /w n/
v. 获胜
lose /lu z/
v. 失败
运动项目与器材类:
baseball / be sb l/
n. 棒球
basketball / bɑ sk tb l/
n. 篮球
tennis / ten s/
n. 网球
soccer / s k (r)/
n. 足球(英式)
volleyball / v lib l/
n. 排球
badminton / b dm nt n/
n. 羽毛球
table tennis / te bl ten s/
n. 乒乓球
golf /ɡ lf/
n. 高尔夫球
skiing / ski /
n. 滑雪
skating / ske t /
n. 滑冰
surfing / s f /
n. 冲浪
cycling / sa kl /
n. 骑自行车
racket / r k t/
n. 球拍
ball /b l/
n. 球
net /net/
n. 网
运动相关名词
team /ti m/
n. 队伍
player / ple (r)/
n. 运动员
coach /k t /
n. 教练
fan /f n/
n. 粉丝
match /m t /
n. 比赛
game /ɡe m/
n. 游戏/比赛
tournament / t n m nt/
n. 锦标赛
champion / t mpi n/
n. 冠军
medal / medl/
n. 奖牌
trophy / tr fi/
n. 奖杯
stadium / ste di m/
n. 体育场
court /k t/
n. 球场
track /tr k/
n. 跑道
field /fi ld/
n. 场地
score /sk (r)/
n. 得分
描述运动与能力的形容词
fast /fɑ st/
adj. 快的
strong /str /
adj. 强壮的
quick /kw k/
adj. 迅速的
slow /sl /
adj. 慢的
tired / ta d/
adj. 疲劳的
energetic / en d et k/
adj. 精力充沛的
active / kt v/
adj. 活跃的
fit /f t/
adj. 健康的
skilled /sk ld/
adj. 熟练的
professional /pr fe nl/
adj. 专业的
运动场景与情感
cheer /t (r)/
v. 欢呼
excited / k sa t d/
adj. 兴奋的
nervous / n v s/
adj. 紧张的
confident / k nf d nt/
adj. 自信的
proud /pra d/
adj. 自豪的
fair /fe (r)/
adj. 公平的
unfair / n fe (r)/
adj. 不公平的
safe /se f/
adj. 安全的
dangerous / de nd r s/
adj. 危险的
其他高频词
exercise / eks sa z/
n./v. 锻炼
health /helθ/
n. 健康
sport /sp t/
n. 运动(总称)
Olympic / l mp k/
adj. 奥运会的
uniform / ju n f m/
n. 队服
record / rek d/
n. 纪录
主要短语
运动场景类
go on a holiday - 去度假
take photos - 拍照
go sightseeing - 去观光
play basketball - 打篮球
play baseball - 打棒球
play table tennis - 打乒乓球
go swimming - 去游泳
go skating - 去滑冰
go skiing - 去滑雪
go hiking - 去远足
take part in - 参加(比赛/活动)
join the club - 加入俱乐部
have a skating club - 举办滑雪俱乐部
arrive in/at - 到达(大/小地点)
leave for - 动身去……
on the beach - 在海滩上
in the gym - 在体育馆
动作技能类
be good at - 擅长
do well in - 在……方面做得好
practice jumping - 练习跳跃
pass the ball - 传球
shoot the ball - 投篮/射门
dribble the ball - 运球
hit the ball - 击球
score a goal - 进球得分
make a basket - 投篮得分
keep fit/healthy - 保持健康
relax oneself - 放松自己
warm up - 热身(根据教材内容补充)
cool down - 放松(根据教材内容补充)
竞赛描述类
play against - 与……比赛
win the game - 赢得比赛
lose the game - 输掉比赛
the day after tomorrow - 后天
for long - 持续很久
quite a bit/a lot - 很多
at least - 至少
break the record - 打破纪录
be the champion - 成为冠军
teamwork - 团队合作
情感态度类
cheer sb. on - 为某人加油
What a shame! - 多遗憾啊!
be excited - 感到兴奋
be nervous - 感到紧张
be proud of - 为……感到自豪
健康习惯类
keep/stay healthy - 保持健康
be good for health - 对健康有益
eat healthily - 健康饮食
do exercise - 锻炼身体
have a healthy lifestyle - 拥有健康的生活方式
重点句型句子
运动描述类
I play basketball every day.
(我每天都打篮球。)
She goes swimming twice a week.
(她每周游泳两次。)
We are playing football now.
(我们现在正在踢足球。)
He joined the school tennis team last month.
(他上个月加入了学校网球队。)
They will take part in the running race tomorrow.
(他们明天将参加跑步比赛。)
My favorite sport is volleyball.
(我最喜欢的运动是排球。)
We often play table tennis after school.
(我们经常放学后打乒乓球。)
He is practicing dribbling the ball.
(他正在练习运球。)
She scored a goal in the match.
(她在比赛中进了一球。)
They won the basketball game yesterday.
(他们昨天赢了篮球比赛。)
能力表达类
I am good at jumping.
(我擅长跳跃。)
She can run very fast.
(她能跑得很快。)
He does well in swimming.
(他游泳游得很好。)
Are you skilled at playing baseball
(你擅长打棒球吗?)
I’m not very strong, but I try my best.
(我不是很强壮,但我尽力了。)
She is a talented gymnast.
(她是一名有天赋的体操运动员。)
He practices hard to improve his skills.
(他努力练习以提高技能。)
Can you pass the ball accurately
(你能准确传球吗?)
I’m learning to skate this winter.
(今年冬天我在学滑冰。)
She wants to be a professional athlete.
(她想成为一名职业运动员。)
竞赛对话类
Which team do you support
(你支持哪支队伍?)
I think Team A will win.
(我认为A队会赢。)
What’s the score now
(现在比分是多少?)
That was a fair game.
(那是一场公平的比赛。)
He made a mistake during the match.
(他在比赛中犯了一个错误。)
The referee blew the whistle.
(裁判吹哨了。)
Let’s cheer for our team!
(我们为队伍加油吧!)
What a shame! We lost again.
(真遗憾!我们又输了。)
They played very well.
(他们打得很好。)
The game ended in a tie.
(比赛以平局结束。)
健康建议类
Exercise is good for your health.
(运动对健康有益。)
You should warm up before exercising.
(运动前你应该热身。)
Drink enough water to stay hydrated.
(喝足够的水保持水分。)
Eat healthily to keep fit.
(健康饮食以保持健康。)
Don’t exercise too much at once.
(不要一次运动过量。)
Rest is important after training.
(训练后休息很重要。)
Wear comfortable shoes for running.
(跑步时穿舒适的鞋子。)
Stretch your muscles to avoid injury.
(伸展肌肉以避免受伤。)
Do sports regularly to build strength.
(定期运动增强体力。)
Balance your diet and exercise.
(平衡饮食和运动。)
情感态度类(有拓展)
I feel excited about the competition.
(我对比赛感到兴奋。)
She is nervous before the game.
(她比赛前很紧张。)
Winning isn’t everything—having fun matters most!
(赢不是一切,开心最重要!)
I’m really proud of our team’s effort!
(我为团队的努力感到非常自豪!)
Don’t give up! Keep trying and you’ll improve.
(别放弃!坚持练习,你会进步的。)
Winning is great, but learning from losses is more important.
(赢固然好,但从失败中学习更重要。)
I felt so relieved when the game finally ended.
(比赛结束时,我感到如释重负。)
The crowd’s cheers made me feel confident.
(人群的欢呼让我充满信心。)
It’s okay to be afraid—just face it and play your best!
(害怕没关系,勇敢面对并尽力就好!)
I was disappointed, but I know I’ll do better next time.
(我很失望,但我知道下次会做得更好。)
Sports bring people together—it’s about friendship, not just winning.
(运动让人团结——友谊比输赢更重要。)
Watching you play makes me so happy!
(看你比赛让我特别开心!)
I’m anxious about the match tomorrow.
(我对明天的比赛很焦虑。)
The coach’s words motivated me to train harder.
(教练的话激励我更努力训练。)
Even if we lose, we’ll still celebrate our teamwork!
(就算输了,我们也要为团队合作庆祝!)
语法点
本单元语法主要是形容词和副词的比较级、最高级,这里进行一个比较详细的总结。
大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1、 规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级。
构成法 原级 比较级 最高级
一般单音节词 tall(高的) taller tallest
未尾加-er,-est great(巨大的) greater greatest
以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数
以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice(好的) nicer nicest
large(大的) larger largest
able(有能力的) abler ablest
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母再加-er,-est big(大的) bigger biggest
hot(热的) hotter hottest
"以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词,改y为i,再加-er,-est   easy(容易的) easier easiest
busy(忙的) busier busiest
少数以-er,-ow 结尾的双音节词 未尾加-er,-est
clever(聪明的) cleverer cleverest
narrow(窄的) narrower narrowest
其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more\most来构成比较级和最高级。    important(重要的) easily(容易地) more important more easily most important most easily
2、不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good(好的) / well(健康的) better best
bad (坏的) / ill(有病的) worse worset
old(老的) older/elder oldest/eldest
much/many(多的) more most
little(少的) less least
far (远的) farthe r/ further farthest / furthest
3、形容词原级用法:
1)、 too/ very/ quite/ so/ rather + 原级
2)、 原级 + enough 足够......
3)、 as + 原级 + as 与......一样......
4)、 A not as/ so + 原级 + as B A 不如/不及 B......
Tom is not as tall as Jim. Tom不如Jim高.(Tom比Jim矮/ jim比Tom高)
= Tom is shorter than Jim. = Jim is taller than Tom.
Mary is not so beautiful as Jane. Mary不如Jane漂亮。(Jane比Mary漂亮)
= Mary is less beautiful than Jane.
= Jane is more beautiful than Mary.
4、形容词比较级的用法:
形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:
1)、 比较级 + than
Kate is taller than Jenny.
This picture is more beautiful than that one.这张照片比那张照片漂亮.
This meeting is less important than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要.
2)、 比较级 and 比较级 越来越...... More and more + 多音节词原形 越来越......
fatter and fatter 越来越胖
taller and taller 越来越高
more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮
more and more important 越来越重要
3)、 the 比较级 + (句子),the 比较级 + (句子) 越......就越......
The more we do sports, the healthier we are. 我们越运动,我们就越健康.
The more careful we are, the fewer we make mistakes.
我们越认真,我们犯错误就越少.
4)、 比较级 + than + any other + 名词单数=比较级 + than + the other + 名词复数
Mike is taller than any other boy in his class.
= Mike is taller than the other boys in his class.
= Mike is the talest boy in his class.
备注: 用much、 a little、 even等副词修饰比较级
The sun is much bigger than the moon.
太阳比月亮大得多。
Tom is a little fatter than Jim.
Tom比Jim胖一点点。
She is much more beautiful than Kate.
她比Kate漂亮得多。
5) 形容词最高级的用法: (形容词最高级前常需用定冠词the修饰)
  形容词最高级用于两个以上的人或物进行比较, 其结构形式为:
a.主语 + 谓语(系动词) + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词 + 比较范围(in/ of all):
She is the best student in her class.   她是班上最好的学生。
= She is better than any other student/ the other students in her class.
  This is the most beautiful apple of all. 这是所有苹果中最大的苹果。
Li Lei is the youngest of the three. Li Lei是这三个中最年轻的.
b. one of + the 最高级 + 名词复数
Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。
5、 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法
①两者进行比较
A=B as +形容词或副词的原级+ as
I am as tall as you.
Lucy sings as well as Lily.
A≠B not so/as +形容词或副词的原级+ as
He is not as/so careful as his brother.
He doesn’t run as/so quickly as me.
A>B或A<B 形容词或副词的比较级+ than
You are two years younger than me.
He is a little stronger than his father.
Nancy dances better than her classmates.
②三者或三者以上进行比较 使用形容词或副词的最高级 常接in 或of 表比较范围
Who is the tallest in Class Three
Shanghai is the largest of all the cities.
注意:one of + 最高级+ 名词的复数
China is one of the strongest countries in the world.
the + 序数词+ 最高级+名词的单数
The Yellow River is the second longest river in the world.
③注意以下几种情况:
形容词或副词的比较级前可用much, a little, a bit ,even, far等程度副词或词组表示不同程度,但是注意,very 不行。
I’m a little/ much/far richer than you.
Football is much more exciting than basketball.
比较级+and +比较级表“越来越…”
stronger and stronger
more and more beautiful
C.“the +比较级…, the +比较级”表示“越是…越是…”
The busier she is, the happier she is.
6、 其它知识点
6.7.1可修饰比较级的词
1)a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等
2)还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。
3)以上词(除by far)外,必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。
例题练习:   
1) ---- Are you feeling ____  
---- Yes,I'm fine now.
A. any well 
B. any better 
C. quite good
D. quite better  
答案:B. any 可修饰比较级,quite修饰原级,well的比较级为better.
2)The experiment was____ easier than we had expected. 
A. more 
B. much more  
C. much  
D. more much
答案:C. much可修饰比较级,因此B,C都说得通,但easier本身已是比较级,不需more,因此C为正确答案。
3)If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school. 
A. the happiest time  
B. a more happier time 
C. much happiest time 
D.a much happier time
答案:D
7、 many,old和far
1) 如果后接名词时, much more +不可数名词
many more +可数名词复数   
2) old 有两种比较级和最高级形式:
older/oldest 和elder/eldest。
elder,eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。
My elder brother is an engineer.
Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.
3) far 有两种比较级,farther,further. 在英语中两者都可指距离。
在美语中,father 表示距离,further表示进一步。
I have nothing further to say.
8、the + 最高级 + 比较范围
1) The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.
形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用。
形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示"非常"。
It is a most important problem.=It is a very important problem.
注意: 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。
(错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.
(对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.
2) 下列词可修饰最高级,by far, far, much, mostly, almost
This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.
注意:
a.  very可修饰最高级,但位置与much不同。
This is the very best.
This is much the best.
b.  序数词通常只修饰最高级。
Africa is the second largest continent.
3) 句型转换:
Mike is the most intelligent in his class.
Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.
4) "否定词语+比较级","否定词语+ so… as"结构表示最高级含义。
Nothing is so easy as this.
=Nothing is easier than this.
=This is the easiest thing.
9、more有关的词组
1)the more… the more… 越……就越……
The harder you work,the greater progress you'll make.
2) more B than A 与其说A不如说B
  less A than B
He is more lazy than slow at his work.
= He is less slow than lazy at his work.
3) no more… than… 与……一样……,不比……多
The officials could see no more than the Emperor.
no less… than… 与……一样……
he is no less diligent than you.
4) more than 不只是,非常
She is more than kind to us all.

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