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译林版八年级上册Unit6 Seasons语法知识梳理及随堂演练
[语法知识点总结]
一般将来时（be going to / will）
be going to结构：
构成：主语+be(am/is/are) going to+动词原形。当主语是第一人称I或we时，be动词用am或are；当主语是第三人称单数（he/she/it等）时，be动词用is；当主语是第二人称you或复数名词时，be动词用are。
用法：
**表示计划、打算做某事。例如：I am going to visit my grandparents this weekend.（我打算这个周末去看望我的祖父母。）
**根据某种迹象表明即将发生某事。例如：Look at the black clouds. It is going to rain.（看那些乌云，要下雨了。）
will结构：
构成：主语+will+动词原形 ，will没有人称和数的变化。
用法：
**表示单纯的将来，常指没有事先计划或安排的，临时决定做某事。例如：I will help you with your homework.（我会帮你做家庭作业。）（临时决定）
**表示事物的固有属性或必然趋势。例如：The sun will rise in the east tomorrow.（明天太阳会从东方升起。）
在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。例如：If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。）；When I grow up, I will be a doctor.（当我长大后，我会成为一名医生。）
时间状语从句
引导词：when, while, as, before, after, until, till, since等。
用法：
**when：既可以引导短暂性动作，也可以引导延续性动作。从句动作可以与主句动作同时发生，也可以先于主句动作发生。例如：When I got home, my mother was cooking.（当我到家时，妈妈正在做饭。）（从句动作先发生）；When the teacher came in, we were talking.（当老师进来时，我们正在说话。）（主从句动作同时发生）
**while：引导的从句中谓语动词必须是延续性动词，强调主从句动作同时发生，常译为“在……期间，当……时候” 。例如：While I was reading, my sister was watching TV.（我读书的时候，妹妹在看电视。）
**as：引导的从句动作和主句动作同时发生，可译为“一边……一边……”或“随着” 。例如：As we walked, we sang songs.（我们一边走一边唱歌。）；As time goes by, our hometown is getting more and more beautiful.（随着时间的流逝，我们的家乡变得越来越美丽。）
**before：表示“在……之前” 。例如：I will finish my homework before I go to bed.（我会在睡觉前完成作业。）
**after：表示“在……之后” 。例如：After I had breakfast, I went to school.（我吃完早饭后，去上学了。）
**until / till：表示“直到……为止” 。在肯定句中，主句谓语动词通常是延续性动词；在否定句中，主句谓语动词通常是短暂性动词 。例如：He waited until/till his mother came back.（他一直等到妈妈回来。）；I didn't go to bed until/till I finished my homework.（直到完成作业我才睡觉。）
**since：表示“自从……以来” ，从句常用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时 。例如：I have lived here since I was born.（自从出生以来我就一直住在这里。）
原因状语从句
引导词：because, as, since等。
用法：
**because：语气最强，表示直接原因，回答why引导的疑问句。例如：I didn't go to school because I was ill.（我没去上学是因为我生病了。）
**as：语气较弱，所说明的原因是附带性的，常译为“由于，鉴于” 。例如：As it is raining, we can't go out.（由于正在下雨，我们不能出去。）
**since：表示对方已知的、无需加以说明的既成事实的理由，常译为“既然” 。例如：Since you are here, you can help me.（既然你在这儿，你可以帮我。）
结果状语从句
引导词：so...that, such...that等。
用法：
**so...that：so是副词，后面接形容词或副词。结构为：so+adj./adv.+that从句 。例如：He is so tall that he can reach the book on the top of the shelf.（他如此高以至于他能够到书架顶上的书。）
**such...that：such是形容词，后面接名词（名词前可以有形容词修饰）。结构为：such+(a/an)+adj.+n.+that从句 。例如：It is such a beautiful day that we want to go out for a picnic.（天气如此好以至于我们想去野餐。）当名词为不可数名词或复数名词时，不用a/an 。例如：They are such interesting books that we all like them.（这些书如此有趣以至于我们都喜欢它们。）
【随堂演练】
（一）单项选择（每题2分，共30分）
—What are your plans for the weekend
— I ______ my grandparents.
A. visit B. visited C. am going to visit D. have visited
I will call you as soon as I ______ the news.
A. get B. got C. will get D. am getting
He didn't go to school ______ he had a bad cold.
A. because B. if C. although D. until
______ the weather is fine tomorrow, we will go fishing.
A. Before B. Since C. While D. If
The movie was ______ interesting ______ I watched it twice.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to
My mother was cooking ______ I was doing my homework.
A. when B. while C. as D. until
______ you work hard, you will succeed.
A. As long as B. As soon as C. As well as D. As far as
She was so angry ______ she couldn't say a word.
A. which B. that C. what D. when
We ______ to the park if it ______ tomorrow.
A. will go; won't rain B. go; doesn't rain
C. will go; doesn't rain D. go; won't rain
I didn't realize she was a famous actress ______ she took off her glasses.
A. until B. when C. after D. as
______ he was tired, he still went on working.
A. Because B. Although C. As D. Since
The boy is ______ young ______ go to school.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. enough; to
______ it rained heavily, we still went to school on time.
A. Even though B. As soon as C. As if D. As long as
I will tell him the news ______ he comes back.
A. until B. while C. as soon as D. since
She looks ______ happy today ______ she has got a good mark in the exam.
A. so; because B. so; that C. such; because D. such; that
（二）用所给动词的适当形式填空（每题2分，共20分）
If it ______ (not rain) tomorrow, we will go for a picnic.
He ______ (be) a teacher when he grows up.
I ______ (call) you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.
While my father ______ (watch) TV, my mother was cooking.
She ______ (not go) to bed until she finishes her homework.
As the sun ______ (rise), the birds were singing.
Since he came here, he ______ (make) many friends.
We ______ (have) a party next Sunday.
He didn't go out because it ______ (rain) heavily.
When I got home, my sister ______ (play) the piano.
（三）句型转换（每题3分，共15分）
She will visit her uncle next week.（改为否定句）
She ______ ______ her uncle next week.
I was doing my homework when my mother came back.（对划线部分提问）
______ were you ______ when your mother came back
He is so young that he can't go to school.（改为同义句）
He is ______ young ______ go to school.
Because it rained heavily, we didn't go to the park.（改为同义句）
______ ______ the heavy rain, we didn't go to the park.
They will go to the zoo if it is sunny tomorrow.（改为一般疑问句）
______ they ______ to the zoo if it is sunny tomorrow
（四）根据汉语提示完成句子（每题3分，共15分）
我打算明天去购物。
I ______ ______ ______ go shopping tomorrow.
当我在看电视的时候，我的弟弟在玩游戏。
While I ______ ______ TV, my brother was playing games.
因为生病，他没有参加会议。
He didn't attend the meeting ______ ______ his illness.
天气如此冷以至于我们都待在家里。
It was ______ cold ______ we all stayed at home.
我一到上海就给你打电话。
I will call you ______ ______ ______ I arrive in Shanghai.
（五）阅读理解（每题2分，共10分）
The seasons in Australia are not like ours. When it is winter in China, it is summer there. Australia is a southern country. It is in the south of the world. June, July and August are the winter months; September, October and November are spring; the summer is in December, January and February; and March, April and May are the autumn months. The north of the country is hotter than the south.
A very large part of this country has no rain at all. The east coast (海岸地区) has rain all year, and there are no dry months there. The southeast winds blow (吹) here all the year. They bring rain from the sea. There is not much rain on the west side. The southeastern part of Australia has summer rain from the southeast winds. They only blow here in summer.
The southwestern part of Australia has winter rain. The west winds blow over the southwest in winter only. In summer, the southwest of the country has no rain. In the north of Australia, there is no rain in winter. The rain comes in summer. The northwest winds bring it.
When it is spring in China, it is ______ in Australia.
A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter
The southwest of Australia ______.
A. doesn't have winter rain
B. has summer rain
C. has spring rain
D. has winter rain
Only the southwestern part of Australia has summer rain, doesn't it
A. Yes, it has. B. No, it hasn't. C. Yes, it does. D. No, it doesn't.
In Australia, which months are the winter
A. September, October and November.
B. December, January and February.
C. March, April and May.
D. June, July and August.
Where is the summer rain of southeastern part of Australia from
A. The southeast winds.
B. The southwest winds.
C. The northeast winds.
D. The northwest winds.
（六）书面表达（10分）
以“My Favourite Season”为题，写一篇英语短文，介绍你最喜欢的季节。内容包括该季节的天气特点、你喜欢的原因以及在这个季节里你经常做的事情等。80词左右。
答案
（一）单项选择
C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. A
（二）用所给动词的适当形式填空
doesn't rain
will be
will call
was watching
won't go
was rising
has made
will have / are going to have
was raining
was playing
（三）句型转换
won't visit
What; doing
too; to
Because of
Will; go
（四）根据汉语提示完成句子
am going to
was watching
because of
so; that
as soon as
（五）阅读理解
C 2. D 3. D 4. D 5. A
（六）书面表达（参考范文）
My Favourite Season
My favourite season is summer. The weather is usually hot and sunny in summer. I like it because I can do many interesting things.
In summer, I often go swimming in the pool with my friends. It is really cool and relaxing. Besides, I enjoy eating delicious ice cream. What's more, I can have a long summer vacation. During the vacation, I can travel with my family.
All in all, summer brings me so much fun and I am looking forward to it every year.
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