资源简介 【2022新课标】2025秋新北师大版英语八年级上册Unit 4 Role Models知识点总结(单词+短语+句子+语法)重点单词人物特质类role model / r l m dl/n. 榜样;楷模hero / h r /n. 英雄;偶像brave /bre v/adj. 勇敢的kind /ka nd/adj. 善良的honest / n st/adj. 诚实的determined /d t m nd/adj. 意志坚定的talented / t l nt d/adj. 有天赋的hardworking / hɑ d w k /adj. 勤奋的successful /s k sesfl/adj. 成功的responsible /r sp ns bl/adj. 负责的职业与成就类scientist / sa nt st/n. 科学家inventor / n vent (r)/n. 发明家athlete / θli t/n. 运动员artist / ɑ t st/n. 艺术家writer / ra t (r)/n. 作家leader / li d (r)/n. 领导者volunteer / v l n t (r)/n./v. 志愿者;自愿做achievement / t i vm nt/n. 成就;成绩discovery /d sk v ri/n. 发现invention / n ven n/n. 发明行为与品质类inspire / n spa (r)/v. 激励;鼓舞influence / nflu ns/n./v. 影响improve / m pru v/v. 改进;提高overcome / v k m/v. 克服challenge / t l nd /n./v. 挑战persevere / p s v (r)/v. 坚持不懈contribute /k n tr bju t/v. 贡献dedicate / ded ke t/v. 致力于;献身respect /r spekt/n./v. 尊重admire / d ma (r)/v. 钦佩;赞美抽象概念类dream /dri m/n. 梦想goal /ɡ l/n. 目标effort / ef t/n. 努力spirit / sp r t/n. 精神courage / k r d /n. 勇气passion / p n/n. 热情patience / pe ns/n. 耐心confidence / k nf d ns/n. 信心creativity / kri e t v ti/n. 创造力teamwork / ti mw k/n. 团队合作动词短语类look up to仰慕;尊敬set an example树立榜样make a difference产生影响give up放弃keep trying继续努力work hard努力工作/学习help others帮助他人achieve one’s dream实现梦想follow in one’s footsteps效仿某人live up to不辜负;达到期望其他高频词personality / p s n l ti/n. 个性ability / b l ti/n. 能力experience / k sp ri ns/n. 经历;经验opportunity / p tju n ti/n. 机会support /s p t/n./v. 支持encourage / n k r d /v. 鼓励share / e (r)/v. 分享learn from向……学习because of因为thanks to多亏;由于challenge / t l nd /n. 挑战example / ɡ zɑ mpl/n. 例子realize / ri la z/v. 实现;意识到important / m p tnt/adj. 重要的mean /mi n/v. 意味着future / fju t (r)/n. 未来decide /d sa d/v. 决定problem / pr bl m/n. 问题solution /s lu n/n. 解决办法主要短语人物特质与行为look up to仰慕;尊敬例句:We should look up to those who help others.(我们应该仰慕那些帮助他人的人。)set an example树立榜样例句:My teacher sets an example by working hard.(我的老师通过努力工作树立了榜样。)make a difference产生影响例句:Small acts of kindness can make a big difference.(小小的善举能产生巨大的影响。)keep trying继续努力例句:Don’t give up! Keep trying until you succeed.(不要放弃!继续努力直到你成功。)give up放弃例句:He never gives up, even when things are hard.(即使事情很艰难,他也从不放弃。)live up to达到期望;不辜负例句:She lived up to her reputation as a role model.(她没有辜负自己作为榜样的名声。)take care of照顾;负责例句:Volunteers take care of animals in the shelter.(志愿者们在收容所照顾动物。)be responsible for对……负责例句:We should be responsible for our actions.(我们应该对自己的行为负责。)play a part (in)参与;发挥作用例句:Everyone can play a part in protecting the environment.(每个人都可以在保护环境中发挥作用。)be proud of为……感到骄傲例句:I’m proud of my mother’s achievements.(我为母亲的成就感到骄傲。)情感与态度be inspired by受……启发例句:We were inspired by her courage.(我们被她的勇气所启发。)feel lucky感到幸运例句:I feel lucky to have such good friends.(有这样好的朋友,我感到很幸运。)be determined to下定决心例句:He is determined to become a scientist.(他下定决心要成为一名科学家。)stay calm保持冷静例句:Stay calm in emergencies.(在紧急情况下保持冷静。)be confident自信的例句:Believe in yourself and be confident.(相信自己,要自信。)show kindness表现出善良例句:She always shows kindness to others.(她总是对别人表现出善良。)have courage有勇气例句:We need courage to face challenges.(我们需要有勇气面对挑战。)be honest with对……诚实例句:Always be honest with yourself and others.(永远对自己和他人诚实。)成就与目标achieve one’s dream实现梦想例句:She achieved her dream of becoming a doctor.(她实现了成为一名医生的梦想。)work hard努力工作/学习例句:Success comes from hard work.(成功来自努力工作。)make progress取得进步例句:I’ve made progress in English this term.(这学期我在英语方面取得了进步。)set a goal设定目标例句:It’s important to set a goal and work toward it.(设定一个目标并朝着它努力是很重要的。)in the future将来例句:What do you want to be in the future (你将来想成为什么?)follow one’s footsteps效仿某人例句:I want to follow my father’s footsteps.(我想效仿我父亲的脚步。)realize one’s potential发挥潜力例句:Teachers help students realize their potential.(老师帮助学生发挥他们的潜力。)社交与互动help others帮助他人例句:We should help others in need.(我们应该帮助有需要的人。)make friends交朋友例句:She is good at making friends.(她擅长交朋友。)communicate face to face面对面交流例句:It’s better to communicate face to face.(面对面交流更好。)keep in touch保持联系例句:Let’s keep in touch after graduation.(毕业后我们保持联系吧。)support each other互相支持例句:Friends should support each other.(朋友之间应该互相支持。)work as a team团队合作例句:We won the game by working as a team.(我们通过团队合作赢得了比赛。)share ideas分享想法例句:In class, we share ideas and learn from each other.(在课堂上,我们分享想法并互相学习。)抽象概念与价值观the spirit of……的精神例句:We should learn the spirit of perseverance.(我们应该学习坚持不懈的精神。)the importance of……的重要性例句:The teacher emphasized the importance of honesty.(老师强调了诚实的重要性。)be dedicated to致力于例句:She is dedicated to helping animals.(她致力于帮助动物。)make contributions to为……做贡献例句:Scientists make contributions to society.(科学家们为社会做出贡献。)overcome challenges克服挑战例句:He overcame challenges and succeeded.(他克服了挑战并取得了成功。)face difficulties面对困难例句:We should face difficulties with courage.(我们应该勇敢地面对困难。)be thankful for感激……例句:Be thankful for what you have.(要感激你所拥有的。)respect differences尊重差异例句:We should respect differences in others.(我们应该尊重他人的差异。)其他高频短语in fact事实上例句:In fact, she is older than she looks.(事实上,她比看上去年纪大。)for example例如例句:Many role models, for example, scientists and athletes, inspire us.(许多榜样,例如科学家和运动员,激励着我们。)重点句子句型人物描述与榜样特质My role model is...我的榜样是……例句:My role model is my science teacher because she is patient and knowledgeable.我的榜样是我的科学老师,因为她耐心且知识渊博。He/She sets a good example for others.他/她为他人树立了好榜样。例句:Yuan Longping sets a good example for farmers worldwide.袁隆平为全世界的农民树立了好榜样。A good role model should...一个好榜样应该……例句:A good role model should be honest and hardworking.一个好榜样应该诚实且勤奋。I admire... for...我钦佩……因为……例句:I admire my mother for her courage in facing challenges.我钦佩我的母亲,因为她勇于面对挑战。He/She is known for...他/她以……而闻名。例句:She is known for her kindness to animals.她以对动物的友善而闻名。He/She never gives up, even when...他/她从不放弃,即使……例句:He never gives up, even when things get difficult.他从不放弃,即使事情变得困难。His/Her success comes from...他/她的成功源于……例句:Her success comes from years of practice and dedication.她的成功源于多年的练习和奉献。He/She encourages others to...他/她鼓励他人……例句:He encourages others to protect the environment.他鼓励他人保护环境。I want to be like... when I grow up.我长大后想成为像……一样的人。例句:I want to be like my father—a responsible doctor.我长大后想成为像我父亲一样的人——一位有责任心的医生。He/She is responsible for...他/她负责……例句:She is responsible for taking care of the community garden.她负责照料社区花园。成就与努力He/She achieved... by...他/她通过……实现了……例句:She achieved her dream by working hard every day.她通过每天努力工作实现了梦想。After years of effort, he/she...经过多年的努力,他/她……例句:After years of effort, he invented a new tool to help farmers.经过多年的努力,他发明了一种帮助农民的新工具。His/Her story inspires me to...他/她的故事激励我……例句:His story inspires me to volunteer more.他的故事激励我更多地参与志愿服务。Despite the difficulties, he/she...尽管困难重重,他/她……例句:Despite the rain, they continued the charity event.尽管下着雨,他们仍继续举办慈善活动。He/She made a difference by...他/她通过……改变了现状。例句:She made a difference by teaching children in rural areas.她通过在农村教孩子们改变了现状。The key to success is...成功的关键是……例句:The key to success is persistence and learning from failures.成功的关键是坚持和从失败中学习。He/She is proud of...他/她为……感到自豪。例句:He is proud of his team’s achievements in science competitions.他为团队在科学竞赛中的成就感到自豪。He/She overcame... to...他/她克服了……以……例句:She overcame her fear of public speaking to give a lecture.她克服了对公开演讲的恐惧,发表了演讲。情感与态度I feel lucky to...我感到幸运能够……例句:I feel lucky to have such supportive parents.我感到幸运有这样支持我的父母。He/She is determined to...他/她决心……例句:He is determined to climb Mount Qomolangma one day.他决心有一天攀登珠穆朗玛峰。Staying calm helps...保持冷静有助于……例句:Staying calm helps in solving problems effectively.保持冷静有助于有效解决问题。Being honest is important because...诚实很重要,因为……例句:Being honest is important because it builds trust.诚实很重要,因为它能建立信任。He/She showed kindness by...他/她通过……表现出善意。例句:She showed kindness by helping an elderly neighbor.她通过帮助一位年迈的邻居表现出善意。I’m inspired by...我受到……的启发。例句:I’m inspired by athletes who never stop improving.我受到那些永不停止进步的运动员的启发。He/She believes that...他/她相信……例句:She believes that education can change lives.她相信教育能改变人生。Courage means...勇气意味着……例句:Courage means standing up for what is right.勇气意味着为正义挺身而出。社交与互动We should support each other in...我们应该在……方面互相支持。例句:We should support each other in achieving our goals.我们应该在实现目标的过程中互相支持。Teamwork allows us to...团队合作让我们能够……例句:Teamwork allows us to complete projects faster.团队合作让我们能够更快地完成项目。He/She helps others by...他/她通过……帮助他人。例句:He helps others by sharing his knowledge and skills.他通过分享知识和技能来帮助他人。Communication is key to...沟通是……的关键。例句:Communication is key to resolving conflicts.沟通是解决冲突的关键。We can learn from...我们可以从……中学习。例句:We can learn from our role models’ mistakes and successes.我们可以从榜样的错误和成功中学习。He/She listens carefully to...他/她认真倾听……例句:She listens carefully to others’ opinions before making decisions.她在做决定前认真倾听他人的意见。目标与未来My goal is to...我的目标是……例句:My goal is to become a scientist like my role model.我的目标是成为像我榜样一样的科学家。I hope to... one day.我希望有一天能……例句:I hope to travel the world and help people in need.我希望有一天能环游世界,帮助需要帮助的人。Following in his/her footsteps, I will...追随他/她的脚步,我将……例句:Following in her footsteps, I will volunteer more in my community.追随她的脚步,我将更多地参与社区志愿服务。To achieve this, I need to...为了实现这一点,我需要……例句:To achieve this, I need to improve my English and teamwork skills.为了实现这一点,我需要提高英语和团队合作能力。The future belongs to those who...未来属于那些……的人。例句:The future belongs to those who work hard and never give up.未来属于那些努力工作且永不放弃的人。抽象概念与价值观The spirit of... is...……的精神是……例句:The spirit of perseverance is vital in overcoming challenges.坚持不懈的精神对于克服挑战至关重要。We should value...我们应该重视……例句:We should value honesty and integrity in all situations.我们应该在所有情况下都重视诚实和正直。Making contributions to society means...为社会做贡献意味着……例句:Making contributions to society means helping others and protecting the environment.为社会做贡献意味着帮助他人和保护环境。Respect is earned by...尊重是通过……赢得的。例句:Respect is earned by treating others with kindness and fairness.尊重是通过友善和公平地对待他人赢得的。True heroes are those who...真正的英雄是那些……的人。例句:True heroes are those who help others without expecting anything in return.真正的英雄是那些不求回报地帮助他人的人。语法点本单元语法有反身代词、动名词等。反身代词,是英语中一类特殊的代词,用于强调动作的发出者同时也是动作的承受者,或用于突出主体自身。一)反身代词的构成反身代词由形容词性物主代词 + -self(单数)/-selves(复数)构成,具体如下:人称 单数形式 复数形式第一人称 myself ourselves第二人称 yourself yourselves第三人称 himself/herself/itself themselves注意:第三人称单数需根据性别或物主选择 himself(男性)、herself(女性)、itself(物/动物)。复数形式统一用 -selves,如 ourselves, yourselves, themselves。二)反身代词的核心用法1. 强调动作的发出者与承受者是同一人当主语和宾语指同一人或物时,需用反身代词作宾语或同位语。例句:She cut herself while cooking. (她做饭时割伤了自己。)The cat cleaned itself after eating. (猫吃完后清理了自己。)I made the cake myself. (我自己做了蛋糕。)2. 用于强调或突出主体反身代词可置于句尾或名词后,强调“亲自”“本人”。例句:The president himself will attend the meeting. (总统本人将出席会议。)You should do the homework yourself. (你应该自己做作业。)3. 固定搭配中的反身代词enjoy oneself:玩得开心We enjoyed ourselves at the party.help oneself to:随便吃/用Help yourself to some fruit.by oneself:独自She lives by herself in a big house.teach oneself:自学He taught himself to play the guitar.三)反身代词的常见错误1. 误用反身代词作主语反身代词不能单独作主语,需用主格代词(如 I, he, they)。错误:Herself went to the store.正确:She went to the store herself. (强调“她亲自去”)She went to the store. (普通陈述)2. 过度使用反身代词当主语和宾语不同时,无需用反身代词。错误:The teacher explained the problem to the students themselves.正确:The teacher explained the problem to the students.3. 混淆反身代词与强调代词反身代词:强调动作的承受者(如 I hurt myself)。强调代词(如 oneself, themselves):用于抽象或泛指(如 One should respect oneself)。四)反身代词与相互代词的区别反身代词:强调个体自身(如 each other 的反义是 oneself)。相互代词(each other/one another):表示两者或多人之间的互动。例句:They blamed themselves for the accident. (各自责怪自己)They blamed each other for the accident. (互相指责)动词后接V-ing(动名词)的情形(稍有拓展)在英语中,许多动词后需接动名词(动词-ing形式)作宾语,而非不定式(to do),这里稍作总结,利于日常学习和后面复习。一)表达喜好、厌恶或情感(这类动词表示对动作的积极或消极态度,后接动名词更自然。)动词 中文释义 例句 中文翻译like 喜欢 I like reading mystery novels. 我喜欢读悬疑小说。love 热爱 She loves hiking in the mountains. 她热爱在山里徒步。enjoy 享受 They enjoy playing board games on weekends. 他们周末喜欢玩桌游。hate 讨厌 He hates waiting in long lines. 他讨厌排长队。prefer 更喜欢 I prefer cooking at home to eating out. 我更喜欢在家做饭,而不是外出就餐。fancy 想要(口语) Do you fancy going to the cinema tonight 你今晚想去看电影吗?adore 喜爱 She adores listening to classical music. 她喜爱听古典音乐。can’t stand 无法忍受 I can’t stand hearing people chew loudly. 我无法忍受别人大声咀嚼的声音。二)表示避免、停止或放弃(这类动词强调对动作的抑制或终止。)动词 中文释义 例句 中文翻译avoid 避免 She avoids eating too much sugar. 她避免吃太多糖。stop 停止 They stopped smoking last year. 他们去年戒烟了。quit 戒除 He quit drinking coffee after dinner. 他戒掉了晚饭后喝咖啡的习惯。give up 放弃 She gave up running due to an injury. 她因受伤放弃了跑步。resist 忍住 I can’t resist buying new books. 我忍不住买新书。prevent 阻止 The fence prevents trespassers from entering. (prevent sb. from doing) 栅栏阻止了闯入者进入。三)表示建议、要求或命令(这类动词常用于提出意见或强制要求。)动词 中文释义 例句 中文翻译suggest 建议 He suggested taking the train instead of driving. 他建议坐火车而不是开车。recommend 推荐 The doctor recommended exercising three times a week. 医生建议每周锻炼三次。insist on 坚持要求 She insisted on paying for dinner. 她坚持要付晚餐的钱。demand 要求 They demanded seeing the manager immediately. 他们要求立即见经理。require 要求 The job requires working on weekends occasionally. 这份工作偶尔需要周末加班。propose 提议 He proposed starting the meeting at 9 AM. 他提议早上9点开始会议。四)表示承认、否认或后悔(这类动词涉及对动作的确认或反思。)动词 中文释义 例句 中文翻译admit 承认 She admitted forgetting the appointment. 她承认忘记了约会。deny 否认 He denied stealing the money. 他否认偷了钱。regret 后悔 I regret telling her the secret. 我后悔告诉了她这个秘密。acknowledge 承认 They acknowledged making a mistake. 他们承认犯了错误。confess 坦白 He confessed lying to his parents. 他坦白对父母撒了谎。五)表示考虑或计划(这类动词涉及对动作的预想或安排。)动词 中文释义 例句 中文翻译consider 考虑 She’s considering moving to another city. 她正在考虑搬到另一个城市。plan 计划 They plan traveling abroad next year. 他们计划明年出国旅行。intend 打算 I intend learning Spanish before my trip. 我打算在旅行前学会西班牙语。contemplate 深思 He contemplated quitting his job. 他深思是否要辞职。六)表示感知或心理活动(这类动词描述主观感受或认知过程。)动词 中文释义 例句 中文翻译mind 介意 Would you mind closing the window 你介意关上窗户吗?imagine 想象 Can you imagine living without the internet 你能想象没有互联网的生活吗?fancy 想要(口语) Do you fancy trying sushi for the first time 你想第一次尝试寿司吗?visualize 想象 She visualized winning the competition. 她想象自己赢得了比赛。七)固定搭配中的动名词(以下动词短语必须接动名词,需单独记忆。)短语 中文释义 例句 中文翻译feel like 想要 I feel like going for a walk. 我想出去散步。be worth 值得 The movie is worth watching. 这部电影值得一看。can’t help 忍不住 She can’t help laughing at his jokes. 她忍不住被他的笑话逗笑。be used to 习惯于 I’m used to waking up early. 我习惯早起。look forward to 期待 We’re looking forward to seeing you soon. 我们期待很快见到你。put off 推迟 They put off making a decision until tomorrow. 他们把决定推迟到明天。keep on 继续 He kept on talking even when no one was listening. 即使没人听,他也继续说。end up 最终 She ended up buying the dress after all. 她最终还是买了那条裙子。八)特殊情况:动词 + 介词 + 动名词(部分动词需通过介词引出动名词,常见组合。)动词 + 介词 中文释义 例句 中文翻译think about 考虑 I’ve been thinking about changing my job. 我一直在考虑换工作。approve of 赞成 Do your parents approve of you studying abroad 你父母赞成你出国留学吗?dream of 梦想 She dreams of becoming a writer. 她梦想成为一名作家。object to 反对 They objected to the plan being implemented so quickly. 他们反对计划这么快实施。thank sb. for 感谢 Thank you for helping me with the project. 感谢你帮我完成这个项目。九}易混淆点:动名词 vs. 不定式(部分动词既可接动名词也可接不定式,但语义不同。)动词 中文释义 接动名词 中文翻译 接不定式 中文翻译remember 记得 Remember locking the door. (记得已做的事) 记得锁了门。 Remember to lock the door. (记得要做的事) 记得去锁门。forget 忘记 Forget meeting her once. (忘记已发生的事) 忘记曾经见过她。 Forget to bring the keys. (忘记要做的事) 忘记带钥匙了。stop 停止 Stop talking! (停止正在做的事) 别说话了! Stop to buy water. (停下来去做另一件事) 停下来去买水。try 尝试 Try eating healthier food. (尝试做某事) 试着吃更健康的食物。 Try to lift the box. (努力做某事) 试着抬起这个箱子。“used to do”和“be used to doing的区别含义used to do表示过去常常做某事,但现在已经不做了,强调过去与现在的对比,体现一种习惯或行为在时间上的变化。例如:He used to smoke a lot, but he quit last year.(他过去常常大量吸烟,但去年戒了。)be used to doing意思是习惯于做某事,描述的是一个人对某种行为或状态已经适应、习以为常。例如:My grandfather is used to getting up early to do morning exercises.(我爷爷习惯早起做晨练。)结构used to do肯定形式:主语 + used to + 动词原形否定形式:主语 + didn't use to + 动词原形 或 主语 + used not to + 动词原形(used not to 较为正式和书面,日常交流中较少使用)一般疑问句形式:Did + 主语 + use to + 动词原形? 或 Used + 主语 + to + 动词原形?(回答时用“Yes, ... did.”或“No, ... didn't.” ;“Yes, ... used (to).”或“No, ... usedn't (to).” ,后者不常用)be used to doing肯定形式:主语 + be动词(am/is/are/was/were) + used to + 动词 -ing 形式否定形式:主语 + be动词 + not + used to + 动词 -ing 形式一般疑问句形式:Be动词 + 主语 + used to + 动词 -ing 形式?侧重点used to do侧重于描述过去的习惯或行为,重点在于强调过去的动作或状态与现在的不同。例如:I used to play the piano every day when I was a child.(我小时候每天都弹钢琴,言外之意现在不天天弹了。)be used to doing侧重于表达对某种行为或情况的适应和习惯,强调的是当前已经形成的一种习惯状态。例如:She is used to living alone.(她习惯了一个人生活。)时态used to do只用于一般过去时,因为它描述的是过去的习惯,不涉及现在或将来。例如:They used to go hiking on weekends.(他们过去周末常去徒步旅行。)be used to doing可用于多种时态,根据具体的语境,be动词可以有不同的形式,如一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。例如:一般现在时:I am used to taking a walk after dinner.(我习惯晚饭后散步。)一般过去时:He was used to getting up early when he was in the army.(他在部队时习惯早起。)一般将来时:They will be used to living in the new city soon.(他们很快就会习惯住在这个新城市。) 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览