资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
定语从句
一、定语从句的定义
1.定语: 修饰某一名词或者代词的成分。
I have a beautiful house.(形容词)
He is a boy with glasses.(介词短语)
The boy who is standing under the tree is Tom.(句子)
定语从句: 在主从复合句中，若一个句子充当定语，这个句子叫定语从句。
The boys ( who are playing football )are from Class One.
先行词 关系词
定语从句
二、定语从句的三要素
1.先行词
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，如上面例句中的"boy"
2.关系词
引导定语从句的词，分为两类:
关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that
关系副词:when, where, why
3. 从句部分
一个完整的句子，用来修饰先行词
总结：定语从句=( )+______________+__________________
注意:关系词的两个作用
①________作用,引导定语从句。
②________先行词,在定语从句中充当成分.
答案：先行词 关系词 从句
连接
代替
练习
1完整句子:The student who won the first prize is my deskmate.
-结构拆分:
先行词:The student (被修饰的名词，指___________)
关系词:who (代替先行词，在从句中作_______________)
从句: who won the first prize
(从句顺序:主语who +谓语won +其他the first prize)
答案：人 主语
2完整句子:This is the museum which we visited last week. (这是我们上周参观的博物馆。)
结构拆分:
先行词:______________(被修饰的名词，指物)
关系词:______________(代替先行词，在从句中作宾语)
从句: ________________________________________________
(从句顺序:主语we +谓语visited +宾语 which+其他 last week)
答案：the museum which which we visited last week
3.判断下列句子是否是定语从句。(是:√;不是:X)
（1.）That he often late makes me angry.( )
（2.）It is necessary that we should learn English.( )
（3.）The boy who is talking with me is Tom.( )
（4.）I love my teacher who is tall.( )
（5.）He was doing homework when I was cooking.( )
答案：X X √√ X
三、定语从句的关系代词
关系代词 所修饰的先行词 在从句中的作用
who 人 作主语、宾语
whom 人 作宾语
which 物(或整个句子) 作主语、宾语
that 人或物 作主语、宾语、表语
whose 人或物 作定语
关系代词在从句中作主语不可以省略，作宾语_______(可/不可)省略。
答案：可以
关系代词的用法
who(指_____________)(作______________) 1.The man who is talking to my father is a teacher.先行词__________, 指___________.关系词__________,作_______,_______省略。2.The girl who I met yesterday is my cousin.先行词__________, 指___________.关系词__________,作_______, _______省略。
whom(指_____________)(作_______________) The girl whom you met yesterday is my classmate.先行词__________, 指___________.关系词__________,作_______, _______省略。
which(指_____________)(作_______________) 1.The book which is on the desk is mine.先行词__________, 指___________.关系词__________,作_______,_______省略。2.This is the pen which I lost.先行词__________, 指___________.关系词__________,作_______,_______省略。
that(指_____________)(作_______________) The boy that helped me is Tom. 先行词__________, 指___________.关系词__________,作_______,_______省略。I like the song that you sang.先行词__________, 指___________.关系词__________,作_______,_______省略。
答案：人 主语/宾语 the man 人 who 主语 不可以 the girl 人 who 宾语 可以
人 宾语 the girl 人 whom 宾语 可以
物 主语/宾语 the book 物 which 主语 不可以
the pen 物 which 宾语 可以
人/物 主语/宾语 the boy 人 that 主语 不可以
the song 物 that 宾语 可以
注意：
(1) 只用 that 的情况
①先行词被 all, no, some, any, only, little.much, many, every等修饰时
I will do everything that I can do to help you.
②先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时
This is the most beautiful city that I have seen.
③先行词为数词或被序数词修饰时
You are the first men that like this kind of books.
④先行词中既有人又有物时
We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited.
⑤当主句中已经含有关系词 who 或者 which 时,引导词只用 that He built a factory which produced things that I had never seen .
(2) 只用 who 的情况
①先行词是 anyone, one, ones,those 时
Anyone who breaks rules should be punished .
(3) 只用which而不用that的情况包括：
①在介词后：当关系代词前有介词时，必须用which。The book in which I am interested is on the table. ( https: / / zhidao. / question / 501028079.html" \t "https: / / cn. / _blank )
The book in which I am interested is on the table. HYPERLINK "https://zhidao./question/501028079.html" \t "https://cn./_blank"
②非限定性定语从句：在非限制性定语从句中，通常只能使用which，而不能使用that。My car, which is red, is very fast. ( https: / / www. / question / 431287241" \t "https: / / cn. / _blank )
My car, which is red, is very fast.
( https: / / www. / question / 431287241" \t "https: / / cn. / _blank )五、单项选择
1．The house _______ stands at the end of the street, with a beautiful garden in front, belongs to my grandparents.
A．that B．who C．what
2．Your growth is the biggest gift ________ is given to your mother. Your mother cares herself least and loves you most.
A．who B．which C．that
3．—Do you go to the supermarket
—Oh, yes. I like the supermarket ________ is next to the post office.
A．who B．what C．which
4．The “Kemusan” dance is an eye-catching dance ________ is quite popular these days.
A．who B．whose C．which
5．A best friend is a person _________ is always there when you need him or her. As the saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”
A．whom B．whose C．who D．which
6．We should help those people ________ are in trouble.
A．who B．which C．whom D．whose
7．The man ________ I saw in the park yesterday is a famous writer.
A．who B．whom C．whose D．which
8．—Who is the middle-aged man with sunglasses in the corner
—He is a personal friend ________ I’ve known for many years.
A．which B．whose C．whom D．when
9．The book tells the story of a girl called Mulan ________ father was too sick to fight as a soldier.
A．who B．whose C．that D．which
10．—I want a partner to practice roller skating.
—My friend is a person ______ skill is very great.
which B．who C．whom D．Whose
答案：
A C C C C A B C B D
六、简单句合并成定语从句
步骤:
找出两个句子中重复的名词(即先行词);
用关系词代替重复的名词，放在先行词后;
3.将剩下的部分作为从句，紧跟关系词。
简单句: ① I know the boy. ② The boy is from America.
(重复名词“the boy”作先行词，指人且在从句中作主语，用“who”连接。)
合并:_______________________________________________
答案：I know the boy who is from America.
简单句: ① This is the bag. ② I bought the bag yesterday.
合并:_________________________________________________
答案：This is the bag which/that I bought yesterday.
简单句: ①She is the girl. ② We met the girl at the party.
合并:_________________________________________________
答案：She is the girl whom/who/that we met at the party.
简单句: ① He has a dog. ② The dog's name is Lucky.
合并:__________________________________________________
答案：He has a dog whose name is Lucky.
e.① I know the girl. ② The girl is wearing a blue coat.
合并:__________________________________________________
答案：I know the girl who is is wearing a blue coat.
f.①We met a boy. ② The boy can speak three languages.
合并:__________________________________________________
答案：We met a boy who can speak three languages.
g.① This is the bag. ② My mother bought the bag for me.
合并:_________________________________________________
答案：This is the bag which my mother bought for me.
h.① This is the most interesting story. ②I have read the story.
合并:________________________________________________
答案：This is the most interesting story that I have read.
i.① We visited some people. ② The people live in the village.
合并:__________________________________________________
答案：We visited some people who live in the village.
习题1 : 改正定语从句中的错误
1. This is the school where I studied in last year.
2. The book who is on the table is very interesting.
3. I have a friend which can play the piano very well.
答案： 1.where改为which 2.who改为which 3.which改为who
习题2 :用方框中所给的关系代词填空。
that, whom, who, whose, which
1．It’s Mount Tai _________ lies in Shandong Province.
2．This is the girl for I’m making a birthday cake.
3．The man car is red likes doing sports here.
4．That’s the most interesting book I have ever read.
5．Do you know the woman is planting trees
答案：that/which whom whose that who/that
习题3、单项选择
1．—Look at this movie poster! It says ‘The most exciting adventure film ________ you’ll ever see!’
—Wow, I’m so looking forward.
A．which B．what C．that D．whose
2．—What a pleasant trip to Yangzhou !
—Yes, I will never forget the friends and places of interest ________ I visited here.
A．who B．what C．which D．/
3．The train G828 is the first direct high-speed train ________ connects Xi’an and Hong Kong.
A．who B．when C．which D．that
4．Nowadays, AI is one of the most important technologies ________ are widely used in our life.
A．that B．which C．who D．what
5．—WeChat is an invention ________ can help people share photos, ideas and feelings freely.
—I think it’s very useful in our life.
A．which B．whom C．where D．whose
6．Jack Brown still lives in the old house ________ his father gave him.
A．who B．when C．which D．where
7．—What kinds of after-school activities do you like
—I like those activities ________ are about P.E. and art.
A．who B．whom C．which D．/
8．But ice sculpture is not only for chefs! Today there are many artists ________ create sculptures out of ice just because they enjoy it.
A．who B．whose C．which D．how
9．The story is about a teenager _________ never gives up his belief.
A．who B．which C．what
10．The house ________ windows face south is very bright.
A．when B．where C．which D．whose
11．The man with ________ they are talking comes from Nanjing.
A．whom B．that C．which D．what
12．—Why do you like to live here, Tony
—Because I love the club at ________ I meet my friends.
that B．where C．Which
答案：
C D D A A C C A A D
A C
习题4：翻译
1．现在有一所全新的学校，里面有一个很大的图书馆。
2．这是我永远不会忘记的一天。
3．我们不应该忘记那些给我们提供帮助的人。
答案：
1.There is a brand-new school with a big library now./There is a brand-new school which has a big library now.
2.This is a day I will never forget.
3.We shouldn’t forget the people who have helped us.
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页定语从句
一、定语从句的定义
1.定语: 修饰某一名词或者代词的成分。
I have a beautiful house.(形容词)
He is a boy with glasses.(介词短语)
The boy who is standing under the tree is Tom.(句子)
定语从句: 在主从复合句中，若一个句子充当定语，这个句子叫定语从句。
The boys ( who are playing football )are from Class One.
先行词 关系词
定语从句
二、定语从句的三要素
1.先行词
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，如上面例句中的"boy"
2.关系词
引导定语从句的词，分为两类:
关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that
关系副词:when, where, why
3. 从句部分
一个完整的句子，用来修饰先行词
总结：定语从句=( )+______________+__________________
注意:关系词的两个作用
①________作用,引导定语从句。
②________先行词,在定语从句中充当成分.
练习
1完整句子:The student who won the first prize is my deskmate.
-结构拆分:
先行词:The student (被修饰的名词，指___________)
关系词:who (代替先行词，在从句中作_______________)
从句: who won the first prize
(从句顺序:主语who +谓语won +其他the first prize)
2完整句子:This is the museum which we visited last week. (这是我们上周参观的博物馆。)
结构拆分:
先行词:______________(被修饰的名词，指物)
关系词:______________(代替先行词，在从句中作宾语)
从句: ________________________________________________
(从句顺序:主语we +谓语visited +宾语 which+其他 last week)
3.判断下列句子是否是定语从句。(是:√;不是:X)
（1.）That he often late makes me angry.( )
（2.）It is necessary that we should learn English.( )
（3.）The boy who is talking with me is Tom.( )
（4.）I love my teacher who is tall.( )
（5.）He was doing homework when I was cooking.( )
三、定语从句的关系代词
关系代词 所修饰的先行词 在从句中的作用
who 人 作主语、宾语
whom 人 作宾语
which 物(或整个句子) 作主语、宾语
that 人或物 作主语、宾语、表语
whose 人或物 作定语
关系代词在从句中作主语不可以省略，作宾语_______(可/不可)省略。
关系代词的用法
who (指_____________) (作______________) 1.The man who is talking to my father is a teacher. 先行词__________, 指___________. 关系词__________,作_______,_______省略。 2.The girl who I met yesterday is my cousin. 先行词__________, 指___________. 关系词__________,作_______, _______省略。
whom (指_____________) (作_______________) The girl whom you met yesterday is my classmate.先行词__________, 指___________. 关系词__________,作_______, _______省略。
which (指_____________) (作_______________) 1.The book which is on the desk is mine. 先行词__________, 指___________. 关系词__________,作_______,_______省略。 2.This is the pen which I lost. 先行词__________, 指___________. 关系词__________,作_______,_______省略。
that (指_____________) (作_______________) The boy that helped me is Tom. 先行词__________, 指___________. 关系词__________,作_______,_______省略。 I like the song that you sang. 先行词__________, 指___________. 关系词__________,作_______,_______省略。
注意：
(1) 只用 that 的情况
①先行词被 all, no, some, any, only, little.much, many, every等修饰时
I will do everything that I can do to help you.
②先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时
This is the most beautiful city that I have seen.
③先行词为数词或被序数词修饰时
You are the first men that like this kind of books.
④先行词中既有人又有物时
We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited.
⑤当主句中已经含有关系词 who 或者 which 时,引导词只用 that He built a factory which produced things that I had never seen .
(2) 只用 who 的情况
①先行词是 anyone, one, ones,those 时
Anyone who breaks rules should be punished .
(3) 只用which而不用that的情况包括：
①在介词后：当关系代词前有介词时，必须用which。
The book in which I am interested is on the table.
②非限定性定语从句：在非限制性定语从句中，通常只能使用which，而不能使用that。
My car, which is red, is very fast.
五、单项选择
1．The house _______ stands at the end of the street, with a beautiful garden in front, belongs to my grandparents.
A．that B．who C．what
2．Your growth is the biggest gift ________ is given to your mother. Your mother cares herself least and loves you most.
A．who B．which C．that
3．—Do you go to the supermarket
—Oh, yes. I like the supermarket ________ is next to the post office.
A．who B．what C．which
4．The “Kemusan” dance is an eye-catching dance ________ is quite popular these days.
A．who B．whose C．which
5．A best friend is a person _________ is always there when you need him or her. As the saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”
A．whom B．whose C．who D．which
6．We should help those people ________ are in trouble.
A．who B．which C．whom D．whose
7．The man ________ I saw in the park yesterday is a famous writer.
A．who B．whom C．whose D．which
8．—Who is the middle-aged man with sunglasses in the corner
—He is a personal friend ________ I’ve known for many years.
A．which B．whose C．whom D．when
9．The book tells the story of a girl called Mulan ________ father was too sick to fight as a soldier.
A．who B．whose C．that D．which
10．—I want a partner to practice roller skating.
—My friend is a person ______ skill is very great.
A．which B．who C．whom D．whose
六、简单句合并成定语从句
步骤:
找出两个句子中重复的名词(即先行词);
用关系词代替重复的名词，放在先行词后;
3.将剩下的部分作为从句，紧跟关系词。
简单句: ① I know the boy. ② The boy is from America.
(重复名词“the boy”作先行词，指人且在从句中作主语，用“who”连接。)
合并:_______________________________________________
简单句: ① This is the bag. ② I bought the bag yesterday.
合并:_________________________________________________
简单句: ①She is the girl. ② We met the girl at the party.
合并:_________________________________________________
简单句: ① He has a dog. ② The dog's name is Lucky.
合并:__________________________________________________
e.① I know the girl. ② The girl is wearing a blue coat.
合并:__________________________________________________
f.①We met a boy. ② The boy can speak three languages.
合并:__________________________________________________
g.① This is the bag. ② My mother bought the bag for me.
合并:_________________________________________________
h.① This is the most interesting story. ②I have read the story.
合并:________________________________________________
i.① We visited some people. ② The people live in the village.
合并:__________________________________________________
习题1 : 改正定语从句中的错误
1. This is the school where I studied in last year.
2. The book who is on the table is very interesting.
3. I have a friend which can play the piano very well.
习题2 :用方框中所给的关系代词填空。
that, whom, who, whose, which
1．It’s Mount Tai _________ lies in Shandong Province.
2．This is the girl for I’m making a birthday cake.
3．The man car is red likes doing sports here.
4．That’s the most interesting book I have ever read.
5．Do you know the woman is planting trees
习题3、单项选择
1．—Look at this movie poster! It says ‘The most exciting adventure film ________ you’ll ever see!’
—Wow, I’m so looking forward.
A．which B．what C．that D．whose
2．—What a pleasant trip to Yangzhou !
—Yes, I will never forget the friends and places of interest ________ I visited here.
A．who B．what C．which D．/
3．The train G828 is the first direct high-speed train ________ connects Xi’an and Hong Kong.
A．who B．when C．which D．that
4．Nowadays, AI is one of the most important technologies ________ are widely used in our life.
A．that B．which C．who D．what
5．—WeChat is an invention ________ can help people share photos, ideas and feelings freely.
—I think it’s very useful in our life.
A．which B．whom C．where D．whose
6．Jack Brown still lives in the old house ________ his father gave him.
A．who B．when C．which D．where
7．—What kinds of after-school activities do you like
—I like those activities ________ are about P.E. and art.
A．who B．whom C．which D．/
8．But ice sculpture is not only for chefs! Today there are many artists ________ create sculptures out of ice just because they enjoy it.
A．who B．whose C．which D．how
9．The story is about a teenager _________ never gives up his belief.
A．who B．which C．what
10．The house ________ windows face south is very bright.
A．when B．where C．which D．whose
11．The man with ________ they are talking comes from Nanjing.
A．whom B．that C．which D．what
12．—Why do you like to live here, Tony
—Because I love the club at ________ I meet my friends.
A．that B．where C．which
习题4：翻译
1．现在有一所全新的学校，里面有一个很大的图书馆。
2．这是我永远不会忘记的一天。
3．我们不应该忘记那些给我们提供帮助的人。
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
试卷第1页，共3页
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