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(共26张PPT)
Unit 1
Happy Holiday
Section A Grammar Focus
学习目标
1
2
学习并掌握复合不定代词的用法
复习一般过去时的用法
Lead in
She went to Beijing.
No, she didn’t. No one was with her.
Where did she go on vacation
Did she go with anyone
新课讲授
3a
Read the sentences and notice the indefinite pronouns in bold. Then discuss when you use these pronouns.
Translate all the sentences and pay attention to the red words.
Did you do anything interesting on your holiday No, nothing special. But I met someone interesting.
Did you go anywhere interesting Yes, I went to Yunnan.
Did you go with anyone Yes, I went with my family
Did you eat something special Yes, we did! Everything tasted good, especially the steamed chicken soup. Everyone loved it.
Simple Past Tense
一般过去时
一般过去时
表示含义
句式结构
时间状语
过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态；也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
yesterday
last month
last year
just now
in 2023
…ago
主谓宾：主语+动词过去式+其他.
主系表：主语+was/were+其他.
一般过去时的句式结构
句子类型 含系动词be 含行为动词
肯定句 主语 + was/were + 其他. 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他.
否定句 主语 + was/were + not + 其他. 主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他.
一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 +其他 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他
Pay attention to the bold words.
Did you do anything interesting on your holiday No, nothing special. But I met someone interesting.
Did you go anywhere interesting Yes, I went to Yunnan.
Did you go with anyone Yes, I went with my family
Did you eat something special Yes, we did! Everything tasted good, especially the steamed chicken soup. Everyone loved it.
不定代词
定义：不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫作不定代词。
常见的不定代词如下：
some 一些 nobody无人 one 一个（人或物） none没人或物（指两个以上）
somebody某人 no one无人 another另外一个；又一个 many很多
someone某人 nothing无物 other(s)另一个（些） much很多
something某事；某物 everybody每人；大家；人人 all 全体；全部 few很少；几乎没有
any 一些；任何 everyone每人 both两个（都） a few 一些；几个
anybody任何人 everything每一件事物；一切 each每个 little很少；几乎没有
anyone任何人 one 一个（人或物） either任何一个（指两个当中） a little 一些；一点儿
anything任何事物 neither没人或物（指两个当中）
分类
1. some 和 any
这两个代词既可代替或修饰可数名词，也可代替或修饰不可数名词。some多用于肯定句，any则多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。例如：
A: Are there any apples in the fridge
B: Yes, there are some. / No, there aren’t any.
A: Is there any water in the bottle
B: Yes, there is some water. / No, there isn’t any water.
但是，在“Would you like some tea ”这类疑问句中则用some，而不用any，这是
因为说话人希望得到对方肯定的答复。
2. many 和 much
这两个词均表示“很多”，但many只代替或修饰可数名词复数，而much只代替或修饰不可数名词。例如：
In the future, many people will live in outer space.
在未来，许多人将会住在外太空。
Many students like playing basketball. 很多学生喜欢打篮球。
There isn’t much water left in the bottle. 瓶子里剩下的水不多了。
I’m afraid the kids spend too much time online. 我担心孩子们花太多时间上网。
Drinking too much coffee is bad for your health.喝太多咖啡对你的健康有害。
3. few 与 a few; little 和 a little
few与a few代替或修饰可数名词复数；little与a little代替或修饰不可数名词。few和little的意思是“很少；几乎没有”，侧重“否定”的含义；a few和a little的意思是“一些”，侧重“肯定”的含义。例如：
We stayed in the old town for a few days. 我们在那个古镇待了几天。
Don’t worry. There is a little time left. 别担心。还剩下一点时间。
Few people know what happened. 很少有人知道发生了什么事。
There is now little hope of success. 现在成功的希望很渺茫。
He has little money to buy new clothes. 他几乎没有钱买新衣服。
4. 复合不定代词
由some、any、no、every加上-body、-one、-thing构成的不定代词叫作复合不定代词。除了no one以外，其他复合不定代词都写成一个词。复合不定代词只相当于名词，在句中用作主语、宾语或表语。复合不定代词作主语时，都作单数看待。例如：
Everyone says Yulong Mountain is beautiful. 大家都说玉龙雪山很美。
Nobody knows what the future will be like. 没有人知道未来会是什么样子。
I’m on vacation in Hangzhou and everything is fantastic.
我正在杭州度假，一切都棒极了。
复合不定代词如果有定语修饰，定语须置于复合不定代词之后。例如：
例如：
I need to tell you something urgent. 我有急事要告诉你。
Did you do anything fun on your holiday 你在假期里做了什么有趣的事吗？
I did nothing special. 我没做什么特别的事。
Everything needed is ready for the trip. 旅行所需的一切都准备好了。
Yesterday, I met someone interesting. 昨天，我遇见了一个有趣的人。
You can ask anyone qualified for advice. 你可以向任何有资质的人咨询。
Everyone present at the party enjoyed it. 聚会上在场的每个人都很开心。
Then discuss when you use these pronouns.
Think about the situation.
Did you do anything interesting on your holiday No, nothing special. But I met someone interesting.
Did you go anywhere interesting Yes, I went to Yunnan.
Did you go with anyone Yes, I went with my family
Did you eat something special Yes, we did! Everything tasted good, especially the steamed chicken soup. Everyone loved it.
Indefinite Pronouns When we use these pronouns someone 句式 常用于肯定句；也可用于部分疑问句（表达期望肯定回答 ）、祈使句、定语从句。
情景 陈述有不明确的某个人做某事，或请求、建议某个人做某事等。
例句 Someone is knocking at the door.
Is someone available to help me now
Ask someone to bring more chairs.
I met someone who can speak five languages.
something 句式 常用于肯定句。也可用于部分疑问句（表达期望肯定回答 ）、祈使句等。
情景 陈述有不明确的某事，或请求、建议做某事等。
例句 I have something to show you.
Would you like something to drink
Let's do something different this weekend.
Indefinite Pronouns When we use these pronouns anything 句式 常用于疑问句和否定句中。肯定句通常是强调作用。
情景 当想要询问一些事情或者否定一些事情的情境中。
例句 Did you do anything interesting on your holiday
I didn't do anything interesting last weekend.
Anything is possible if you work hard.
anyone 句式 常用于疑问句和否定句中。肯定句通常是强调作用。
情景 询问是否有任何人做某事，或否定有某些人做某事。
例句 Is there anyone in the room
I don't know anyone here.
Anyone can join the club.
Indefinite Pronouns When we use these pronouns anywhere 句式 常用于疑问句和否定句中。肯定句通常是强调作用。
情景 询问是否在任何地方，或否定在某些地方做某事。
例句 Did you go anywhere last weekend
I didn't go anywhere during the rainstorm.
You can go anywhere you like.
nothing 句式 常用于陈述句中表示否定意义。
情景 表达不存在任何事物、没有值得提及的事情等情境。
例句 I have nothing to say.
I couldn't see nothing in the thick fog.
Does he know nothing about the accident
Indefinite Pronouns When we use these pronouns everything 句式 常用于肯定句；偶尔用于疑问句；在否定句中，常表示 “并非一切”，是部分否定。
情景 陈述整体状况及所有事物情况；表达并非所有事物都符合某种情况。
例句 Everything is perfect in our new house. Did everything go well at the meeting
Not everything he said is true.
everyone 句式 常用于肯定句，疑问句；在否定句中，通常表示部分否定，即 “不是每个人”。
情景 陈述或者询问共同行为或状态及所有人的情况；表达并非所有人都具有某种特征或做了某事。
例句 Everyone joined in the game. Does everyone know the answer
Everyone doesn't agree with this plan.
A: Did you do __________ interesting on your holiday
B: No, __________ special. How about you
A: Well, I went to Hangzhou and spent a few days there.
B: Really __________ says the scenery around the West Lake is so beautiful.
A: It is. We had a wonderful experience.
B: Great! So, did you go there with __________
A: Yes, I went with my family. Oh! I just remembered. I got you __________ as a gift. Here you are!
B: Wow, it’s a silk scarf. Thank you!
A: You’re welcome!
anything
Complete the conversation with the correct indefinite pronouns.
nothing
Someone
anyone
something
3b
It rained heavily when I arrived at the town, so I could do nothing but stay in the hotel.
__________ had left a book in my room, and that was exactly what I needed.
It was a nice hotel. The bed was comfortable and __________ was clean.
1 It was summer. __________ was ready to find somewhere to go.
“Look at the sky!” said an excited voice. “How amazing! I never saw __________ like this!”
I was so bored that I decided to find __________ to read.
I decided to visit a town close to my city, but I couldn’t find to __________ go with me.
I stood up and walked towards the window. There was a beautiful double rainbow across the sky.
Complete the sentences with the correct indefinite pronouns. Then put the sentences in order to make a story.
Someone
everything
Everyone
anything
something
anyone
2
3
4
5
6
8
7
3c
Continue the story in 3c using your imagination. Be sure to use indefinite pronouns.
It was summer. Everyone was ready to find somewhere to go. I decided to visit a town close to my city, but I couldn’t find anyone to go with me. It rained heavily when I arrived at the town, so I could do nothing but stay in the hotel. It was a nice hotel. The bed was comfortable and everything was clean. I was so bored that I decided to find something to read. Someone had left a book in my room, and that was exactly what I needed. “Look at the sky!” said an excited voice. “How amazing! I never saw anything like this!” I stood up and walked towards the window. There was a beautiful double rainbow across the sky.
3d
I rushed downstairs to get a closer look. There, in the hotel courtyard, I met a group of tourists. “Isn’t it magnificent ” one of them asked, handing me a camera. “Take a photo for everyone, would you ” We spent the next hour sharing stories, laughing, and capturing memories. Before leaving, I gave my contact to several new friends, grateful that something as simple as a rainbow could turn a lonely day into an unforgettable adventure.
indefinite pronouns 不定代词
Grammar
定义：不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫作不定代词。
分类
some 和 any
many 和 much
few 与 a few; little 和 a little
复合不定代词
用法：不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词，在句子中用作主语、宾语、定语等。
情景与句式：some类肯定句为主；any类疑问句和否定句为主
课堂总结
选择填空
当堂检测
1. I’m hungry. I want_____ to eat.
A. anything B. something
C. everything D. nothing
2. Why not ask ______ to help you
A. everyone B. someone
C. anyone D. none
3. Do you have _____ to do this evening
A. important something B. anything important
C. something important
4. _____ is watching TV. Let’s turn it off .
A . Somebody B. Anybody C. Nobody
5.There’s____ with his eyes. He’s OK.
A. anything wrong B. wrong something
C. nothing wrong D. wrong nothing
6.Be quiet! I have ____ to tell you.
A. important anything B. anything important
C. important something D. something important

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