Unit 8 Safe and sound 知识点总结(单词 短语 句子 语法)—2025秋新译林版英语八年级上册

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Unit 8 Safe and sound 知识点总结(单词 短语 句子 语法)—2025秋新译林版英语八年级上册

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【2022新课标】
2025秋新译林版英语八年级上册
Unit 8 Safe and sound
知识点总结
(单词+短语+句子+语法)
重点单词
1. 安全与危险相关词汇
1. protect /pr tekt/ v. 保护
2. safe /se f/ adj. 安全的
3. safety / se fti/ n. 安全
4. dangerous / de nd r s/ adj. 危险的
5. risk /r sk/ n. 风险 v. 冒险
6. emergency / m rd nsi/ n. 紧急情况
7. accident / ks d nt/ n. 事故
8. injury / nd ri/ n. 受伤
9. harm /hɑ rm/ n.&v. 伤害
10. danger / de nd r/ n. 危险
2. 交通安全
11. traffic / tr f k/ n. 交通
12. crosswalk / kr sw k/ n. 人行横道
13. pedestrian /p destri n/ n. 行人
14. signal / s ɡn l/ n. 信号
15. helmet / helm t/ n. 头盔
16. seatbelt / si tbelt/ n. 安全带
17. speed /spi d/ n. 速度 v. 加速
18. obey / be / v. 遵守
19. violate / va le t/ v. 违反
3. 自然灾害与应对
20. earthquake / rθkwe k/ n. 地震
21. flood /fl d/ n. 洪水
22. typhoon /ta fu n/ n. 台风
23. fire / fa r/ n. 火灾
24. escape / ske p/ v. 逃离
25. evacuate / v kjue t/ v. 疏散
26. shelter / elt r/ n. 避难所
27. survive /s r va v/ v. 生存
4. 健康与医疗安全
28. healthy / helθi/ adj. 健康的
29. unhealthy / n helθi/ adj. 不健康的
30. hygiene / ha d i n/ n. 卫生
31. disease /d zi z/ n. 疾病
32. virus / va r s/ n. 病毒
33. medicine / med sn/ n. 药物
34. first aid / f rst e d/ n. 急救
35. bandage / b nd d / n. 绷带
36. bleed /bli d/ v. 流血
5. 网络安全与日常安全
37. online / n la n/ adj. 在线的
38. password / pɑ sw rd/ n. 密码
39. privacy / pr v si/ n. 隐私
40. fraud /fr d/ n. 诈骗
41. stranger / stre nd r/ n. 陌生人
42. trust /tr st/ v.&n. 信任
43. lie /la / v. 说谎 n. 谎言
44. cheat /t i t/ v. 欺骗
6. 安全规则与建议
45. rule /ru l/ n. 规则
46. law /l / n. 法律
47. warning / w rn / n. 警告
48. caution / k n/ n. 谨慎
49. prevent /pr vent/ v. 预防
50. avoid / v d/ v. 避免
51. careful / ke fl/ adj. 小心的
52. careless / ke l s/ adj. 粗心的
7. 紧急情况处理
53. call for help 呼救
54. dial 110/120 拨打110/120
55. stay calm 保持冷静
56. check for injuries 检查伤势
57. perform CPR 进行心肺复苏
58. put out a fire 灭火
8. 形容词与副词
59. secure /s kj r/ adj. 安全的
60. insecure / ns kj r/ adj. 不安全的
61. serious / s ri s/ adj. 严重的
62. minor / ma n r/ adj. 轻微的
63. sudden / s dn/ adj. 突然的
64. immediately / mi di tli/ adv. 立即
9. 其他重要词汇
65. responsibility /r sp ns b l ti/ n. 责任
66. awareness / we n s/ n. 意识
67. preparation / prep re n/ n. 准备
68. equipment / kw pm nt/ n. 设备
69. survival kit 救生包
70. emergency exit 紧急出口
71. safety drill 安全演习
主要短语
1. 交通安全
1. obey traffic rules 遵守交通规则
2. wear a helmet 戴头盔
3. fasten seatbelts 系安全带
4. look both ways 左右看
5. jaywalk / d e w k/ v. 乱穿马路
6. speed limit 限速
7. traffic light 交通信号灯
8. give way to pedestrians 礼让行人
2. 紧急应对
9. call for help 呼救
10. dial 110/120 拨打110/120
11. first aid kit 急救箱
12. perform CPR 进行心肺复苏
13. stop bleeding 止血
14. escape route 逃生路线
15. emergency exit 紧急出口
16. fire extinguisher 灭火器
3. 自然灾害防护
17. earthquake drill 地震演习
18. take cover 躲避
19. evacuate immediately 立即疏散
20. flood warning 洪水警报
21. typhoon shelter 台风避难所
22. survival skills 生存技能
4. 日常安全
23. lock the door 锁门
24. stranger danger 陌生人危险
25. online safety 网络安全
26. strong password 强密码
27. avoid fraud 防范诈骗
28. food hygiene 食品卫生
29. poison control 防中毒
5. 健康安全
30. balanced diet 均衡饮食
31. stay hydrated 保持水分
32. regular exercise 规律锻炼
33. mental health 心理健康
34. prevent diseases 预防疾病
35. wash hands frequently 勤洗手
6. 安全警示
36. No smoking 禁止吸烟
37. Danger! High voltage 危险!高压电
38. Caution! Wet floor 小心地滑
39. Keep out of reach of children 远离儿童
7. 行为规范
40. be responsible for... 对...负责
41. raise safety awareness 提高安全意识
42. stay alert 保持警惕
43. keep calm in danger 危险时保持冷静
重点句型句子
1. 交通安全警示
1. You must obey traffic rules when crossing the road.
过马路时必须遵守交通规则。
2. Always look both ways before stepping onto the street.
踏上马路前务必左右查看。
3. Cyclists should wear helmets for protection.
骑行者应当佩戴头盔保护自己。
4. Never jaywalk at busy intersections.
切勿在繁忙路口乱穿马路。
5. The speed limit in school zones is 30 km/h.
学校区域限速30公里/小时。
2. 紧急情况处理
6. If you smell smoke, activate the fire alarm immediately.
如果闻到烟味,立即触发火警报警器。
7. Call 120 immediately when someone gets seriously injured.
有人严重受伤时立即拨打120。
8. Stay calm and follow the evacuation route in emergencies.
紧急情况下保持冷静,遵循疏散路线。
9. Do not use elevators during a fire emergency.
火灾紧急情况时不要使用电梯。
10. Apply pressure to stop bleeding from wounds.
按压伤口止血。
3. 自然灾害应对
11. Drop, cover and hold on during an earthquake.
地震时采取"趴下、掩护、抓牢"姿势。
12. Evacuate to higher ground when flood warnings are issued.
发布洪水预警时向高处撤离。
13. Stay indoors and away from windows during a typhoon.
台风期间待在室内远离窗户。
14. Prepare an emergency survival kit with essential supplies.
准备装有必需品的应急生存包。
4. 日常安全守则
15. Never share your passwords with strangers online.
切勿向陌生人透露网络密码。
16. Check food expiration dates before consumption.
食用前检查食品保质期。
17. Keep sharp objects out of children's reach.
将尖锐物品放在儿童接触不到的地方。
18. Report suspicious packages to authorities immediately.
立即向当局报告可疑包裹。
19. Install smoke detectors in every bedroom.
每个卧室都应安装烟雾探测器。
5. 健康安全建议
20. Wash your hands thoroughly for at least 20 seconds.
彻底洗手至少20秒。
21. Cover your mouth when coughing or sneezing.
咳嗽或打喷嚏时捂住口鼻。
22. Get vaccinated to prevent infectious diseases.
接种疫苗预防传染性疾病。
23. Maintain good posture when using electronic devices.
使用电子设备时保持良好姿势。
6. 安全责任表达
24. It's everyone's responsibility to ensure campus safety.
确保校园安全是每个人的责任。
25. Parents should teach children basic safety knowledge.
家长应当教授孩子基本安全知识。
26. The government has issued new safety regulations.
政府已颁布新的安全法规。
27. Our school organizes fire drills twice a year.
我们学校每年组织两次消防演习。
7. 安全设施使用
28. Locate the nearest emergency exit upon entering buildings.
进入建筑物时先确认最近紧急出口位置。
29. Fire extinguishers should be checked monthly.
灭火器应当每月检查。
30. Emergency lighting will activate during power failures.
断电时应急照明会自动启动。
8. 网络安全警示
31. Think twice before clicking unknown links.
点击未知链接前要三思。
32. Social media privacy settings should be reviewed regularly.
应定期检查社交媒体隐私设置。
33. Never meet online friends alone in private places.
切勿单独在私密场所见网友。
9. 急救知识表达
34. If someone is choking, perform the Heimlich maneuver.
如果有人窒息,实施海姆立克急救法。
35. For minor burns, cool the area with running water.
轻微烫伤时用流动冷水冲洗伤处。
36. Place an unconscious person in the recovery position.
让昏迷者保持复苏体位。
10. 综合安全建议
37. Safety awareness should be cultivated from childhood.
安全意识应当从小培养。
38. Prevention is always better than cure when it comes to safety.
在安全问题上,预防永远胜于补救。
语法点
本单元语法主要是过去进行时和when,while,as的用法等。
过去进行时 (Past Continuous Tense)
一)定义与功能
定义:表示过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。
核心功能:
1. 描述过去特定时间点正在发生的动作
2. 强调动作的持续性和未完成性
3. 与一般过去时搭配,表示背景动作
二)结构公式
肯定句:
主语 + was/were + 现在分词 (V-ing)
- I was doing homework at 8 pm yesterday.
- They were playing football when it rained.
否定句:
主语 + was/were + not + 现在分词
- She wasn't sleeping when you called.
疑问句:
Was/Were + 主语 + 现在分词
- Were you studying at this time yesterday
三)使用场景
1. 过去特定时间正在进行的动作
常与以下时间状语连用:
- at 8 o'clock yesterday
- this time last week
- when/while/as 引导的时间状语从句
例句:
- At 7 pm yesterday, I was watching TV.
- When you arrived, we were having dinner.
2. 两个过去动作同时发生
- 长动作(持续) → 过去进行时
- 短动作(打断) → 一般过去时
句型:
...was/were + V-ing + when + 一般过去时
- I was reading when the phone rang.
对比:
- While I was cooking, she was setting the table.(两个持续动作)
3. 描述故事背景
- The sun was shining, birds were singing...
四)动词现在分词变化规则
动词原形 变化规则 现在分词
work 直接加-ing working
take 去e加-ing taking
run 双写尾字母加-ing running
lie 变ie为y加-ing lying
注:
- 重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写尾字母:stop → stopping
- 以"ie"结尾的动词:die → dying
五)时间状语标志词
1. 具体时间点:
- at 9 am yesterday
- at this time last Sunday
2. when/while/as 引导的从句:
- While I was walking, I saw an accident.
3. all + 时间段(强调持续性):
- He was painting all afternoon.
六)易错点与特殊用法
1. 非延续性动词 通常不用于进行时(如:know, want, believe)
- I was knowing the answer.
- I knew the answer.
2. when vs while:
- when + 一般过去时(短动作)
- while + 过去进行时(长动作)
- When I opened the door, she was crying.
- While I was cooking, he was watching TV.
3. 礼貌性询问(委婉提问):
- I was wondering if you could help me.
七)对比练一下
1. 一般过去时 vs 过去进行时:
- She wrote a letter last night.(已完成)
- She was writing a letter at 8 pm.(当时在写)
2. 填空:
- It ______ (rain) when we ______ (leave) the house.
→ was raining, left
when, while, as 用法:
一)核心区别总览
连词 侧重含义 时态搭配 典型场景
when 时间点/瞬间动作 主从句可用任意过去时态 突发性事件
while 时间段/持续动作 从句常用进行时 同时发生的长动作
as 渐进性/伴随变化 主从句动作同步发展 动态背景下的动作
二)解析
1. When
功能:
表示 某个具体时间点 发生的动作
强调 主从句动作的先后顺序
时态搭配:
主句(一般过去时) + when + 从句(一般过去时)
I was cooking when the phone rang.(做饭时电话突然响)
主句(过去进行时) + when + 从句(一般过去时)
She was sleeping when I arrived.
特殊用法:
表示"每当"(= whenever):
When spring comes, flowers bloom.
2. While
功能:
强调 两个同时进行的持续性动作
侧重 动作过程的对比
时态规则:
while + 过去进行时,主句可用:
过去进行时(强调同时持续):
While I was reading, he was writing.
一般过去时(长动作被打断):
While she was cooking, the baby cried.
限制条件:
while 后 必须接延续性动词:
While I was studying...
While I opened the door...(open为瞬间动词)
3. As
功能:
表示 两个动作同步渐进发展
强调 伴随变化或因果关系
典型结构:
as + 一般过去时/过去进行时:
As I walked home, it began to rain.(边走边下雨)
As time went by, the weather got worse.
特殊场景:
表示"正当...的时候"(= just at that moment):
As I opened the door, the cat ran in.
三)对比辨析
1. When vs While
动作性质:
when:可接瞬间/延续动词
When the light went out, I screamed.(瞬间)
while:只接延续动词
While I was eating, the light went out.
时间焦点:
when:强调动作发生的 时间点
while:强调动作持续的 时间段
2. As vs While
动态性:
as:暗示主从句动作 同步变化
As the sun rose, the fog disappeared.
while:仅表示 时间重叠
While the sun was rising, birds were singing.
因果暗示:
as 常隐含因果关系:
As the temperature dropped, the lake froze.
四)易错点警示
时态误用:
While I watched TV, he came in.(watch应为was watching)
动词限制:
While I received his call...(receive为瞬间动词,应改用when)
连词混用:
As I was sleeping, suddenly the phone rang.(突然事件应用when)
五)练一下
用 when/while/as 填空:
______ I was walking the dog, I met my teacher. (While/As)
______ the bell rang, students rushed out. (When)
改错:
While the accident happened, I was shopping.
→ When the accident happened...(happen为瞬间动词)

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