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必修二UNITHUMANS AND NATURE重点单词短语
重点单词：
1.frightened adj.惊吓的；害怕的 frightening adj.令人恐惧的；可怕的 frighten vt.使惊吓；使惊恐；吓唬
Though badly frightened， she remained outwardly composed.
她虽然非常害怕，但表面上依然很镇静。
be frightened to do sth害怕做某事
be frightened of (doing) sth..对(做)某事感到害怕
frighten sb into/out of (doing) sth吓唬某人(做)/(不做)某事
frighten/scare sb to death把某人吓得要命
frighten... away/off把……吓走(吓跑)
2.shock vt. （使）震惊；使触电 n.休克；打击；震惊；令人震惊的事 shocking adj.令人震惊的 shocked adj.感到震惊的
People from cultures that value relationships more than ours does are shocked by the thought of eating alone in front of a computer.
那些来自比我们更重视人际关系的文化背景的人一想到独自在电脑前吃饭就感到震惊
be a shock to...让……大为震惊
in shock 吃惊地;震惊地;休克
be shocked at/by/that...对…感到震惊
be shocked to do sth因做某事而感到震惊
3.escape vi. & vt.逃脱；逃走；避开 n.逃跑；逃走 escaped adj.逃跑的
In the summer， tourists traditionally escape the heat and flock to coastal cities like Qingdao and Dalian， and to cities like Harbin in the country's northeast.
在夏天，游客们通常会避暑，涌向青岛、大连等沿海城市，以及中国东北部的哈尔滨等城市。
escape from/out of...从.....逃脱(doing) sth 逃避(做)某事
a narrow escape死里逃生
fire escape安全梯;安全出口
4.equal v.等于；抵得上 adj.相等的；胜任的；平等的 n.同等的人；相等物 equally adv.同样地；相等地 equality n.相等；平等
More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste， especially plastic waste.
更多的外卖和送餐意味着更多的垃圾，尤其是塑料垃圾
equal sb/sth(in...) (在某方面)比得上……;(在某方面)与……匹敌
be equal to sth/doing sth (in...) (在某方面)与……相等;能胜任…
be without equal/have no equal无与伦比
5.attempt n.努力；尝试；企图 v.尝试；企图
Their recovery has been so successful that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies，which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted.
它们（灰熊的数量）的恢复十分成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从濒危物种名录上除名，这将放松法律保护，允许它们被猎杀。
at the/one's first attempt第一次尝试
in an attempt to do sth 试图做某事
make an attempt to do/at doing sth尝试做某事
attempt to do sth=try to do sth尝试做某事
6.measure v.测量；衡量；判定；估量；有……（具体尺寸、度） n.方法；措施；度量单位；适量 measurement n.尺寸；测量
Yet the problem，by just about any measure，appears to be getting worse.
然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这个问题似乎都在恶化
take measures/steps/action to do sth 采取措施/行动做某事
make sth to one's measure 照某人的尺寸做某物;量身定做
measure...by/in...用…来衡量/计算·…
7.survive vi.幸免；幸存；生还 vt.幸存；比……活得长 survival n.幸存；遗物；幸存物 survivor n.幸存者；死里逃生的人 surviving adj.依然存在的
That project, which I could complete from my sofa instead of in the burning heat of the desert, not only survived the lockdown but worked where traditional methods didn't.
这个我可以在沙发上完成而不是在炎热的沙漠中完成的项目，不仅在封锁期间幸存下来，而且在传统方法不奏效的地方发挥了作用。
survive+n.(the fire/earthquake/accident...从(火灾/地震/事故等) 中生还
survive on靠……维持生活;靠……存活下来
A survive(s) B by(+时间)A比B多活…
微提醒:survive 表示“幸免于;艰难度过”时,是及物动词,后接宾语时不需要加介词in、from等
8.curious adj.好奇的curiosity n.好奇心 curiously adv.好奇地
As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I'm often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey.
作为一个在社交媒体上分享自己艺术之旅的艺术家，我经常被好奇的粉丝询问如何开始艺术之旅。
be curious about对…感到好奇
be curious to do sth 渴望做某事
meet/satisfy one's curiosity 满足某人的好奇心
arouse one's curiosity引起某人的好奇心
out of curiosity出于好奇
with curiosity 好奇地(=curiously)
9.breath n.呼出的气；呼吸；气息breathe v.呼吸 breathless adj.气喘吁吁的
When we paused to catch our breath, Steve got down on one knee.
当我们停下来休息时，Steve单膝跪地。
hold one’s breath屏住呼吸
catch one's breath 休息一下;歇一口气
take a deep breath 深呼吸
lose one's breath 喘不过气来
breathe in/out 吸入/呼出
breathe deeply 深呼吸
breathe a sigh of relief 如释重负;松了口气
10.trap v.（trapped, trapped, trapping） 使……陷入困境；夹住 n.夹子；陷阱；圈套
You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
你将听到这些参与者的故事，了解哪些策略对他们有效，以及他们遇到的你应该避免的陷阱。
trap sb into(doing)sth诱骗某人做某事
be/get trapped in 陷人(困境)
be trapped by被……困住
fall/walk into a trap 落人套
lay/set a trap (for sb)(为某人)设下圈套
微提醒:表示“被困在……”的短语还有be/ge caught in 、 be/get locked in 、 be/get blocked in等
重点短句：
11.break down （机器）出故障；失败；（身体）垮掉；（物质）分解；
克服；砸破
She believes that an event like the xiangqi championship will definitely break down barriers and do great thing in building trust and friendship.
她相信，像象棋锦标赛这样的活动一定会打破隔阂，对建立信任和友谊有很大的帮助
break up 打碎;分裂;解散;分手;结束
break down 出故障;失败;垮掉;分解;克服
break in 破门而入;打断(谈话等)
break into强行闯入;突然……起来
break out(战争、火灾等)爆发;发生(无被动语态)
break off折断;中断
breakthrough突破;冲破(障碍);获得成功
12.carry on 继续；坚持
Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work.
她的勇气激发了他继续生活和工作的意愿
carry on with sth/doing sth 继续做某事
carry through完成;坚持下去
carry out 执行;实行;贯彻;落实
carry sb through 帮某人渡过难关
carry sth through成功地完成某事
13.turn one's back （on sb/sth） （对……）置之不理；（对……）撒手不管
Nature got hurt， felt pain， and finally turned its back on us.
大自然受到了伤害，感受到了痛苦，最终背弃了我们
turn against 背叛;反对
turn away走开;拒绝;转身离开
turn to求助于;转向;变成
turn over 考虑;翻转;移交
turn up把声音开大;出现;找到
turn around/round 转身;转向
turn in 交出;上交
turn off 关掉;关闭
turn on 打开;开启
turn down 关小;调低;拒绝
turn out证明是;结果是;生产
14.on one's way在途中
Water from the lake flows into the Niagara River and over the falls on its way to the sea.
湖水流入尼亚加拉河，越过尼亚加拉瀑布，最终汇入大海
In a way 从某一角度看;在某种程度上
all the way 一路上;自始至终;完全
by the way 顺便说一下
in no way 一点也不;决不(位于句首时,句子应使用部分倒装)
in this way 用这种方法
in the way 挡道;碍事
by way of经由;途经
15.run out of （人）用完；从……中流出/跑出
The men were soon very tired and were running out of food.
这些人很快就累了，食物也快吃完了
run out用完;耗尽
run for竞选(某一政治职位);当(某职务的)候选人
run across sb/sth偶然遇见某人;偶然发现某事物
run after追求;追赶
run away from 逃离
run into sb 撞上某人
16.have difficulty （in） doing sth
The next to go was Captain Oates， who was having great difficulty walking.
接下来要离世的是Oates上校，他走起路来非常困难
have difficulty (in) doing sth做某事有困难
have difficulty/trouble/problems/ a hard time with sth在某事上有难处
there is no difficulty/trouble(in) doing sth/with sth 做某事/在某事上没有困难
微提醒:在“have difficulty (in) doing sth”句型中，difficulty前可用great、much、some、any、no、little等修饰

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