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专题11非谓语动词之V-ing
一、V-ing概念表述
V-ing是非谓语动词：这是最关键的一点。V-ing 不能单独在句子中充当谓语动词，它失去了动词“充当谓语”的核心功能。V-ing 形式（也称为 -ing 形式）是由动词原形加上后缀 -ing 构成的（如：do -> doing, see -> seeing, run -> running）。
它保留动词特性：
可以带宾语： 如果原动词是及物动词，它的 V-ing 形式后面可以接宾语。
例：Reading books is enjoyable. (reading 带宾语 books)
可以被状语修饰，可以被副词等修饰。
例：He left without saying anything. (saying 被状语 without anything 修饰，anything 是 saying 的宾语)
可以有逻辑主语，有时会有一个动作的执行者（逻辑主语），通常用名词所有格、代词所有格或宾格表示。
例：I appreciate your helping me. (your 是 helping 的逻辑主语)
有时态和语态的变化：
一般主动式： doing (表示主动、一般或进行意义)
一般被动式： being done (表示被动、一般意义)
完成主动式： having done (表示主动、在谓语动作之前完成)
完成被动式： having been done (表示被动、在谓语动作之前完成)
它获得名词、形容词或副词特性： 正因为失去了做谓语的能力，V-ing 形式可以在句子中扮演其他词性的角色（主要是名词、形容词和副词），这也是它最重要的句法功能。
二、V-ing的句法功能
V-ing 形式在句子中主要可以充当以下成分：
名词性作用：这时传统上称为动名词 。
作主语：
Smoking is harmful to health.
Learning a new language takes time.
作宾语：
动词宾语： I enjoy reading. / She suggested going to the park.
介词宾语： He is interested in cooking. / Before leaving, turn off the lights.
作表语 (主语补足语)：
His hobby is collecting stamps. (说明主语 hobby 是什么)
Seeing is believing.
作表语 (主语补足语)：
The news is exciting. (描述主语 news 的特征或状态)
The movie was boring. (注意：此时描述的是电影的性质，而不是动作)
形容词性作用：这时传统上称为 现在分词 。
作定语 (修饰名词)：
前置定语： a sleeping baby (= a baby who is sleeping), a boring movie (= a movie that is boring)
后置定语：The man standing at the door is my teacher. (= The man who is standing at the door...)
作宾语补足语：
I saw him crossing the street. (补充说明宾语 him 正在进行的动作)
She kept me waiting.
副词性作用：这时也属于现在分词 。
作状语： 修饰整个句子或谓语动词，表示时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、伴随等。通常用逗号与主句隔开。
时间： Walking down the street, I met an old friend. (= While I was walking...)
原因： Feeling tired, he went to bed early. (= Because he felt tired...)
条件： Working hard, you will succeed. (= If you work hard...)
结果： He fired a shot, killing the bird. (表示 shot 带来的结果)
伴随/方式： She sat by the window, reading a book. (表示与 sat 同时发生的另一个动作)
让步： Having failed many times, he didn't give up. (= Although he had failed many times...)
三、V-ing 形式注意事项
以下动词后面既能跟V-ing，也能跟不定式，但意思不同
remember to do 记得去做某事(动作发生在remember之后）
remember doing 记得做过某事(动作发生在remember之前）
Please remember to tell me your decision.
Can’t you remember telling me the story last week
forget to do 忘记去做某事(动作发生在forget之后）
forget doing 忘记做过某事(动作发生在forget之前）
I was so busy yesterday that I forgot to call you.
I will never forget seeing the Great Wall.
regret to do 遗憾要做某事
regret doing 后悔做过某事
I regret to tell you that you haven’t passed the driving test.
I regret wasting so much money.
stop to do 停止做A，开始做B
stop doing 停止正在做的事情
The teacher asked the students to stop talking.
The driver stopped to have a rest when he arrived at the top of the mountain.
continue to do 继续做某事(中间有去做其它事）
continue doing 继续做某事(中间没有去做其它事）
After a rest, he continues doing the experiment.
After he finished reading a novel, he continued to play with the children.
try to do 尽力做某事
try doing 试着做某事
Frank tried to solve the problem by himself.
If you want to improve the taste, try adding some sugar.
mean to do 计划做某事
mean doing 意味着某事
I didn’t mean to make you angry.
Your plan would mean losing money.
3)介词to后面跟V-ing作宾语
习惯于 be accustomed/used to
把……奉献给/投身于 dedicate/devote/commit...to
be devoted to/devote oneself to
be committed to/commit oneself to
be dedicated to/dedicate oneself to
与……有关 be related to/be linked to
能胜任，等于 be equal to
除……之外 in addition to
期盼 look forward to
反对 object to
坚持 stick to/keep to
导致 lead to
注意 pay attention to
使……暴露于/接触 expose …to/be exposed to
……的关键 the key to
由于 owing/due/thanks to
谈及 when it comes to
……的路上 the way to
对(……)有贡献/促成 contributed(...) to
归功于 owe... to
将……应用于 apply …to
(使)适应 adapt(...) to
勇敢面对 face up to
对(……)敏感 be sensitive to
……的障碍 obstacle to
为了 with a view to
提及 refer to
与(……)相似 be similar to
在(……)之前 prior to
V-ing的逻辑主语
关于V-ing的逻辑主语，有三种情况。第一种情况是在特定语境中，V-ing的逻辑主语是不言而喻的，因此无需表达出来。如：Ben suggested going by taxi.在这句话中，是哪些人going by taxi,对于参与谈话的人来说不会造成误解。第二种情况是V-ing的逻辑主语已经在句子中的其他地方出现，因此也无需表达出来。如：Would you mind opening the window 在这句话中，opening the window的逻辑主语显然是you。第三种情况是V-ing 带有自己的逻辑主语，若不表达出来则可能造成歧义。如:She insisted on me going.在这句
话中，如果省略了me，则句意会发生变化。
V-ing的逻辑主语可以采用名词或名词所有格的形式，也可以采用代词宾格或形容词性物主代词的形式。如：
I don’t mind him staying with us.
I don’t mind his staying with us.
I don’t mind Edison staying with us.
I don’t mind Edison’s staying with us.
但若在句中作主语，则逻辑主语通常只用所有格。如：
Her resigning from the company made her boss disappointed.
His refusing to accept the invitation is really surprising.
V-ing的主动表被动
1. want, need, require, deserve+doing = +to be done
This point deserves mentioning.
The garden needs cleaning.
2. be worth doing
These questions are worth discussing.
This type of smart phones isn’t worth buying.
V-ing的词组及句型
1. It is no use/good doing…
It’s no use making an excuse for this.
It’s no good cheating your parents.
2. There is no point/sense+(in) doing...
There is no point(in) arguing with him.
There is no sense(in) calling the service center.
3. have difficulty/trouble/a hard time(in) + doing...
We had great difficulty(in) solving the problem.
We had a difficult time(in) persuading him.
4. spend/waste+时间/金钱 + (in) +doing...
We spend a lot of time(in) preparing for the party.
Terry has wasted a lot of money(in) buying these electronic products.
5. be busy doing...
He is busy doing the research.
I am busy decorating my new flat.
6. can’t help doing
Hearing the funny story. I couldn't help laughing.
Some weak-minded people can’t help being persuaded to do what is illegal.
四、V-ing能力提升练
1．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）Studying hard (be) not always fun, but I’ll be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future. (所给词的适当形式填空)
2．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）The rain continued (pour) all afternoon, causing flooding in some areas of the city. (所给词的适当形式填空)
3．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）The (meet) room, designed in a practical way, is on the second floor and can hold up to 50 people for various discussions. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4．（2025高三下·全国·专题练习）As soon as the kids heard the funny joke, they couldn’t help (shout) with laughter. (所给词的适当形式填空)
5．（24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）Chinese plays an increasingly important role in (improve) communication and cooperation between China and the rest of the world. (所给词的适当形式填空)
6．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Avoid (stereotype) people based on their appearance. (所给词的适当形式填空)
7．（2025高三·全国·专题练习） (phish) scams often mimic bank websites. (所给词的适当形式填空)
8．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at (resolve). (所给词的适当形式填空)
9．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Such a meaningful activity is well worth (organize) again. (所给词的适当形式填空)
10．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）She entertained us all the morning and she deserved (praise). (所给词的适当形式填空)
11．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）As climate change warms up the planet, (melt) ice is forcing polar bears to get closer to human habitats, leading to dangerous interactions. (所给词的适当形式填空)
12．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）The psychology course is an exciting opportunity for anyone (wish) to deepen their understanding of themselves and other people. (所给词的适当形式填空)
13．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习） (work) in space, astronauts must wear spacesuits because there is no air to breathe and it can be very cold outside the spacecraft. (所给词的适当形式填空)
14．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）At that time Lin was even seen (ride) a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. (所给词的适当形式填空)
15．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Li started posting short videos on Sina Weibo in 2016, (feature) poetic portrayals of rural life, traditional cooking techniques, and cultural practices, such as making ink and clothing. (所给词的适当形式填空)
16．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）The two most common types among all the caves are those with a niche (壁龛) (contain) sculptures on the west wall, and caves with a central column covered in sculptures. (所给词的适当形式填空)
17．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）A team of 12, including four performers, uses willow scoops to fling (抛) molten iron onto a cold wall, (create) a tree of sparks. (所给词的适当形式填空)
18．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Despite the challenges, he believes that with the previous generation (pass) on their knowledge and the next generation willing to take up the craft, the tradition of birdcage making can be preserved and continue. (所给词的适当形式填空)
19．（2024高三上·全国·专题练习）Town planning was a particular concern to the Chinese, with many of its notable features still (contribute) significantly to modern architecture. (所给词的适当形式填空)
20．（24-25高三上·四川广安·阶段练习）Last year I was out of the country, (sweat) in a hot climate during the snowy season. (所给词的适当形式填空)
五、V-ing能力提升检测
21．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）花太多的时间和精力在游戏上对我们的健康有害，而且它们是不真实的。（动名词作主语）
is harmful to our health and they are not real.
22．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）通过远离各种社交媒体应用程序，我们不仅可以专注于学习，还可以更多地与现实中的人交流。（by doing 句式）
, we can not only concentrate on studies, but also communicate more with people in reality.
23．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习） (努力学习并不总是有趣的), but I’ll be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
24．（2021高三·全国·专题练习）在我看来，拥有健康的饮食习惯会对我们的健康有益。
, good healthy eating habits will our health.
25．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）动作捕捉技术帮助运动员纠正空中姿态。
helps athletes correct mid-air postures.
26．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）歌剧演出是为提高人们保护鸟类的意识，在学校内外都赢得了欢迎。
Operas were performed to raise people's awareness of bird protection, .
27．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）毫无疑问，随着学生智能手机拥有量的急剧增加，智能手机改变了我们的交流方式。（with复合结构）
Undoubtedly, , the smartphone has transformed the way we communicate.
28．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）我们可以与他人交流我们对所读书籍的看法，这使得聊天时更容易开始交谈。（现在分词作结果状语）
We can exchange our opinions about books we read with others,
29．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）I pointed at (坐在离我位置最近的男孩), who is the tallest boy in our class. （根据汉语提示用非谓语动词（短语）完成句子）
30．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Everyone seemed excited about the event. They scheduled their time around it with great anticipation. (用“名词性从句”句式改写句子)
31．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）人们普遍认为定期锻炼能改善身心健康。(汉译英)
32．（2025·上海宝山·二模）比起看恐怖电影，他更喜欢读武侠小说。(prefer) （汉译英）
33．（2014·上海·高考真题）没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than) （汉译英）
34．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）她浑身颤抖，觉得如坐针毡。(汉译英)
35．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）她悲伤到失去知觉，不能开口说话。（汉译英）
36．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）他走到弟弟身边，轻轻地摸着杰克逊的头发，说：“对不起我发脾气了。”(汉译英)
37．（23-24高三上·上海金山·阶段练习）持之以恒地推进植树造林，这份责任扎根在林场每位职工的心中。(persevere) (汉译英)
38．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）他情绪高涨，感觉自己好像站在了世界之巅。（汉译英）
39．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）通过他，我学会了拥有一种不屈的精神可以克服挑战，大卫确实做到了这一点。（宾语从句+动名词短语做主语）(汉译英)
40．（24-25高一上·重庆·阶段练习）即使你不确定结果，迈出第一步也会对实现目标产生影响。(even if, difference) (汉译英)
41．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）在当地公园做社区服务时, Jessica清理了垃圾, 还种了一些小花。(用“非谓语动词”句式汉译英)
42．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）通过每天练习和从错误中学习，她赢得了游泳比赛。(用“非谓语动词”句式汉译英)
43．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）在教练的鼓励下，Tom每天练习，逐渐提高了速度。（用“非谓语动词”句式汉译英）
44．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）她自豪地笑了，拿着试卷给父母看。(用“非谓语动词”句式汉译英)
45．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Not standing a chance against competitive applicants, I came out of the interview with an upset look. (英译汉)专题11非谓语动词之V-ing
一、V-ing概念表述
V-ing是非谓语动词：这是最关键的一点。V-ing 不能单独在句子中充当谓语动词，它失去了动词“充当谓语”的核心功能。V-ing 形式（也称为 -ing 形式）是由动词原形加上后缀 -ing 构成的（如：do -> doing, see -> seeing, run -> running）。
它保留动词特性：
可以带宾语： 如果原动词是及物动词，它的 V-ing 形式后面可以接宾语。
例：Reading books is enjoyable. (reading 带宾语 books)
可以被状语修饰，可以被副词等修饰。
例：He left without saying anything. (saying 被状语 without anything 修饰，anything 是 saying 的宾语)
可以有逻辑主语，有时会有一个动作的执行者（逻辑主语），通常用名词所有格、代词所有格或宾格表示。
例：I appreciate your helping me. (your 是 helping 的逻辑主语)
有时态和语态的变化：
一般主动式： doing (表示主动、一般或进行意义)
一般被动式： being done (表示被动、一般意义)
完成主动式： having done (表示主动、在谓语动作之前完成)
完成被动式： having been done (表示被动、在谓语动作之前完成)
它获得名词、形容词或副词特性： 正因为失去了做谓语的能力，V-ing 形式可以在句子中扮演其他词性的角色（主要是名词、形容词和副词），这也是它最重要的句法功能。
二、V-ing的句法功能
V-ing 形式在句子中主要可以充当以下成分：
名词性作用：这时传统上称为动名词 。
作主语：
Smoking is harmful to health.
Learning a new language takes time.
作宾语：
动词宾语： I enjoy reading. / She suggested going to the park.
介词宾语： He is interested in cooking. / Before leaving, turn off the lights.
作表语 (主语补足语)：
His hobby is collecting stamps. (说明主语 hobby 是什么)
Seeing is believing.
The news is exciting. (描述主语 news 的特征或状态)
The movie was boring. (注意：此时描述的是电影的性质，而不是动作)
形容词性作用：这时传统上称为 现在分词 。
作定语 (修饰名词)：
前置定语： a sleeping baby (= a baby who is sleeping), a boring movie (= a movie that is boring)
后置定语：The man standing at the door is my teacher. (= The man who is standing at the door...)
作宾语补足语：
I saw him crossing the street. (补充说明宾语 him 正在进行的动作)
She kept me waiting.
副词性作用：这时也属于现在分词 。
作状语： 修饰整个句子或谓语动词，表示时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、伴随等。通常用逗号与主句隔开。
时间： Walking down the street, I met an old friend. (= While I was walking...)
原因： Feeling tired, he went to bed early. (= Because he felt tired...)
条件： Working hard, you will succeed. (= If you work hard...)
结果： He fired a shot, killing the bird. (表示 shot 带来的结果)
伴随/方式： She sat by the window, reading a book. (表示与 sat 同时发生的另一个动作)
让步： Having failed many times, he didn't give up. (= Although he had failed many times...)
三、V-ing 形式注意事项
以下动词后面既能跟V-ing，也能跟不定式，但意思不同
remember to do 记得去做某事(动作发生在remember之后）
remember doing 记得做过某事(动作发生在remember之前）
Please remember to tell me your decision.
Can’t you remember telling me the story last week
forget to do 忘记去做某事(动作发生在forget之后）
forget doing 忘记做过某事(动作发生在forget之前）
I was so busy yesterday that I forgot to call you.
I will never forget seeing the Great Wall.
regret to do 遗憾要做某事
regret doing 后悔做过某事
I regret to tell you that you haven’t passed the driving test.
I regret wasting so much money.
stop to do 停止做A，开始做B
stop doing 停止正在做的事情
The teacher asked the students to stop talking.
The driver stopped to have a rest when he arrived at the top of the mountain.
continue to do 继续做某事(中间有去做其它事）
continue doing 继续做某事(中间没有去做其它事）
After a rest, he continues doing the experiment.
After he finished reading a novel, he continued to play with the children.
try to do 尽力做某事
try doing 试着做某事
Frank tried to solve the problem by himself.
If you want to improve the taste, try adding some sugar.
mean to do 计划做某事
mean doing 意味着某事
I didn’t mean to make you angry.
Your plan would mean losing money.
3)介词to后面跟V-ing作宾语
习惯于 be accustomed/used to
把……奉献给/投身于 dedicate/devote/commit...to
be devoted to/devote oneself to
be committed to/commit oneself to
be dedicated to/dedicate oneself to
与……有关 be related to/be linked to
能胜任，等于 be equal to
除……之外 in addition to
期盼 look forward to
反对 object to
坚持 stick to/keep to
导致 lead to
注意 pay attention to
使……暴露于/接触 expose …to/be exposed to
……的关键 the key to
由于 owing/due/thanks to
谈及 when it comes to
……的路上 the way to
对(……)有贡献/促成 contributed(...) to
归功于 owe... to
将……应用于 apply …to
(使)适应 adapt(...) to
勇敢面对 face up to
对(……)敏感 be sensitive to
……的障碍 obstacle to
为了 with a view to
提及 refer to
与(……)相似 be similar to
在(……)之前 prior to
V-ing的逻辑主语
关于V-ing的逻辑主语，有三种情况。第一种情况是在特定语境中，V-ing的逻辑主语是不言而喻的，因此无需表达出来。如：Ben suggested going by taxi.在这句话中，是哪些人going by taxi,对于参与谈话的人来说不会造成误解。第二种情况是V-ing的逻辑主语已经在句子中的其他地方出现，因此也无需表达出来。如：Would you mind opening the window 在这句话中，opening the window的逻辑主语显然是you。第三种情况是V-ing 带有自己的逻辑主语，若不表达出来则可能造成歧义。如:She insisted on me going.在这句
话中，如果省略了me，则句意会发生变化。
V-ing的逻辑主语可以采用名词或名词所有格的形式，也可以采用代词宾格或形容词性物主代词的形式。如：
I don’t mind him staying with us.
I don’t mind his staying with us.
I don’t mind Edison staying with us.
I don’t mind Edison’s staying with us.
但若在句中作主语，则逻辑主语通常只用所有格。如：
Her resigning from the company made her boss disappointed.
His refusing to accept the invitation is really surprising.
V-ing的主动表被动
1. want, need, require, deserve+doing = +to be done
This point deserves mentioning.
The garden needs cleaning.
2. be worth doing
These questions are worth discussing.
This type of smart phones isn’t worth buying.
V-ing的词组及句型
1. It is no use/good doing…
It’s no use making an excuse for this.
It’s no good cheating your parents.
2. There is no point/sense+(in) doing...
There is no point(in) arguing with him.
There is no sense(in) calling the service center.
3. have difficulty/trouble/a hard time(in) + doing...
We had great difficulty(in) solving the problem.
We had a difficult time(in) persuading him.
4. spend/waste+时间/金钱 + (in) +doing...
We spend a lot of time(in) preparing for the party.
Terry has wasted a lot of money(in) buying these electronic products.
5. be busy doing...
He is busy doing the research.
I am busy decorating my new flat.
6. can’t help doing
Hearing the funny story. I couldn't help laughing.
Some weak-minded people can’t help being persuaded to do what is illegal.
四、V-ing能力提升练
1．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）Studying hard (be) not always fun, but I’ll be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：努力学习并不总是有趣的，但我会为大学或未来出现的任何事情做好充分准备。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，动名词短语作主语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
2．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）The rain continued (pour) all afternoon, causing flooding in some areas of the city. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to pour/pouring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：大雨持续了整个下午，导致该市一些地区发生洪水。结合“all afternoon”可知，此处用动词短语continue to do或continue doing均可，描述自然延续、无明显中断的动作，表示“继续做某事”，因此用pour“倾盆而下”的不定式或动名词形式，作宾语。故填to pour/pouring。
3．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）The (meet) room, designed in a practical way, is on the second floor and can hold up to 50 people for various discussions. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】meeting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这间会议室设计实用，位于二楼，最多可容纳50人进行各种讨论。设空处修饰名词room作定语表示用途，应用动名词形式meeting，故填meeting。
4．（2025高三下·全国·专题练习）As soon as the kids heard the funny joke, they couldn’t help (shout) with laughter. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】shouting
【详解】考查动名词。句意：孩子们一听到这个有趣的笑话，就忍不住大笑起来。couldn’t help doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“忍不住做某事”。故填shouting。
5．（24-25高一上·全国·课后作业）Chinese plays an increasingly important role in (improve) communication and cooperation between China and the rest of the world. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】improving
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。play a role in ...是固定短语，意为“在……中起作用；在……方面扮演角色”，其中in是介词，介词后接动词时，要用其动名词形式 。improve的动名词形式是improving。故填improving。
6．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Avoid (stereotype) people based on their appearance. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】stereotyping
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：避免根据外表对人形成刻板印象。动词avoid后应该用动名词形式作宾语。故填stereotyping。
7．（2025高三·全国·专题练习） (phish) scams often mimic bank websites. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Phishing
【详解】考查动名词。句意：网络钓鱼骗局常模仿银行网站。空格处需作定语修饰名词scams，所给词phish为动词，意为“网络钓鱼”，其动名词形式phishing作定语，表明scams的类型或用途。故填Phishing。
8．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at (resolve). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】resolving
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一个我们无法更好地解决的冲突。“at”为介词，空格处应用动名词作宾语，“resolve”意为“解决”，动词词性，动名词形式为“resolving”。故填resolving。
9．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Such a meaningful activity is well worth (organize) again. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】organizing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这样一个有意义的活动非常值得再次组织。固定短语be worth doing意为“值得做某事”，空处应用organize“组织”的动名词形式，作宾语。故填organizing。
10．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）She entertained us all the morning and she deserved (praise). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】to be praised/praising
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她一上午都在逗我们开心，她值得被表扬。此处为非谓语动词作deserve的宾语，praise与逻辑主语she之间为被动关系，所以此处可以使用“deserved to be praised”或“deserved praising”表示“值得表扬”符合句意。。故填to be praised/praising。
11．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）As climate change warms up the planet, (melt) ice is forcing polar bears to get closer to human habitats, leading to dangerous interactions. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】melting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着气候变化使地球变暖，正在融化的冰迫使北极熊靠近人类栖息地，导致危险的人熊互动。分析句子结构可知，此空应填非谓语， ice与melt为主动关系，再由语境可知，此空应用现在分词作定语修饰后面名词，melting，表“正在融化的”，符合语境。故填melting。
12．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）The psychology course is an exciting opportunity for anyone (wish) to deepen their understanding of themselves and other people. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】wishing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对于任何希望加深对自己和他人理解的人来说，心理学课程都是一个令人兴奋的机会。本句谓语为is，此处为非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰anyone，anyone和wish“希望”为逻辑主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填wishing。
13．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习） (work) in space, astronauts must wear spacesuits because there is no air to breathe and it can be very cold outside the spacecraft. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Working
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：宇航员在太空工作时，必须穿宇航服，因为太空舱外没有空气可以呼吸，而且可能非常寒冷。句子已有谓语动词must wear，且没有连词，所以空处应填非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语astronauts与动词work之间为主动关系，所以应用现在分词working作状语，表示宇航员在太空进行工作的状态。设空处位于句首, 首字母需大写。故填Working。
14．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）At that time Lin was even seen (ride) a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】riding
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当时，林甚至被看到骑着驴到遥远的村庄提供医疗服务。句中已有谓语was seen，空处作非谓语动词，ride与逻辑主语Lin之间是主动关系，且强调“被看到正在骑着驴”，所以空处应用现在分词形式，作主语补足语。故填riding。
15．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Li started posting short videos on Sina Weibo in 2016, (feature) poetic portrayals of rural life, traditional cooking techniques, and cultural practices, such as making ink and clothing. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】featuring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：李从2016年开始在新浪微博上发布短视频，这些视频以诗意的乡村生活描绘、传统烹饪技巧以及诸如制墨和制衣等文化习俗为特色。“(feature) poetic portrayals of rural life, traditional cooking techniques, and cultural practices, such as making ink and clothing”在句中作状语，feature(以……为特色)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语short videos之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填featuring。
16．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）The two most common types among all the caves are those with a niche (壁龛) (contain) sculptures on the west wall, and caves with a central column covered in sculptures. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】containing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在所有洞穴中，最常见的两种类型是西墙上有包含雕塑的壁龛的洞穴，以及中央立柱上覆盖着雕塑的洞穴。空白处在句子中作后置定语，修饰名词niche，动词contain和名词niche之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词，故填containing。
17．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）A team of 12, including four performers, uses willow scoops to fling (抛) molten iron onto a cold wall, (create) a tree of sparks. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】creating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个由12人组成的团队，包括4名表演者，用柳勺将铁水抛向冰冷的墙壁，从而产生了火花树。“(create) a tree of sparks”作结果状语，create(创造，造成)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语“A team of 12”之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填creating。
18．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Despite the challenges, he believes that with the previous generation (pass) on their knowledge and the next generation willing to take up the craft, the tradition of birdcage making can be preserved and continue. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】passing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管面临挑战，但他相信，随着上一代人传授知识，下一代人愿意从事这项工作，雀笼制作的传统可以得到保留和延续。此处用了with的复合结构，空处作宾语补足语，pass on“传递”和the previous generation逻辑上是主动关系，因此用pass的现在分词形式。故填passing。
19．（2024高三上·全国·专题练习）Town planning was a particular concern to the Chinese, with many of its notable features still (contribute) significantly to modern architecture. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】contributing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：城镇规划是中国人特别关注的问题，其许多显著特点至今仍对现代建筑有重大贡献。contribute to (为……做贡献；促成)在with复合结构中作宾语补足语，用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语“many of its notable features”之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填contributing。
20．（24-25高三上·四川广安·阶段练习）Last year I was out of the country, (sweat) in a hot climate during the snowy season. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】sweating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：去年我出国了，在雪季却在一个炎热的气候中汗流浃背。句中已有谓语动词was ，设空处应用非谓语动词，I和sweat之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填sweating。
五、V-ing能力提升检测
21．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）花太多的时间和精力在游戏上对我们的健康有害，而且它们是不真实的。（动名词作主语）
is harmful to our health and they are not real.
【答案】Spending too much time and energy on games
【详解】考查动名词作主语。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“花太多的时间和精力在游戏上”，“花费……在……上”翻译为spend...on...，应用动名词短语作主语；“太多的时间和精力”翻译为too much time and energy；“游戏”翻译为games。故填Spending too much time and energy on games。
22．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）通过远离各种社交媒体应用程序，我们不仅可以专注于学习，还可以更多地与现实中的人交流。（by doing 句式）
, we can not only concentrate on studies, but also communicate more with people in reality.
【答案】By staying away from the various social media apps
【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。表示“通过”用介词by，后跟动名词作宾语；表示“远离”为stay away from；表示“各种社交媒体应用程序”可用the various social media apps。故填By staying away from the various social media apps。
23．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习） (努力学习并不总是有趣的), but I’ll be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】Studying hard isn’t always fun
【详解】考查动名词短语和形容词。句意：努力学习并不总是有趣的，但我会为大学或未来的任何其他事情做好准备。根据汉语意思提示可知，“努力学习”可译为“study hard”，在句中作主语，需用动名词形式“studying hard”；表示“有趣的”为形容词fun；句子为主系表结构，谓语动词用be动词，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语，be动词用is；“并不总是有趣的”可译为 “isn’t always fun”。故填Studying hard isn’t always fun。
24．（2021高三·全国·专题练习）在我看来，拥有健康的饮食习惯会对我们的健康有益。
, good healthy eating habits will our health.
【答案】 In my opinion having be good for
【详解】考查固定短语和动名词作主语。根据句意，第一、二、三空表示“在我看来”为固定短语in my opinion，位于句首单词首字母需大写，所以第一、二、三空填In my opinion；第四空表示“拥有”为have，此处为非谓语动词作主语，表示一般性动作，所以使用动名词having作主语，所以第四空为having；第五、六、七空表示“对……有益”为固定短语be good for，所以第五、六、七空填be good for。故填①In②my③opinion④having⑤be⑥good⑦for。
25．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）动作捕捉技术帮助运动员纠正空中姿态。
helps athletes correct mid-air postures.
【答案】Motion capture
【详解】考查名词。“动作”用名词motion表示，作定语；“捕捉”用名词capture；“动作捕捉技术”翻译为motion capture，作主语。故填Motion capture。
26．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）歌剧演出是为提高人们保护鸟类的意识，在学校内外都赢得了欢迎。
Operas were performed to raise people's awareness of bird protection, .
【答案】winning great popularity in and outside our school
【详解】考查非谓语动词。“赢得”win，“欢迎”great popularity，“在我们学校内外”in and outside our school，句中已有谓语were performed，空处作非谓语，win与逻辑主语Operas之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填winning great popularity in and outside our school。
27．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）毫无疑问，随着学生智能手机拥有量的急剧增加，智能手机改变了我们的交流方式。（with复合结构）
Undoubtedly, , the smartphone has transformed the way we communicate.
【答案】with smartphone ownership among students increasing sharply
【详解】考查with的复合结构。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“随着学生智能手机拥有量的急剧增加”，“随着”使用介词with，构成with复合结构作状语；“智能手机拥有量”翻译为smartphone ownership；“学生中”翻译为among students；“急剧增加”翻译为increase sharply，increase与其逻辑主语smartphone ownership among students是主动关系，应用现在分词形式increasing作宾语补足语。故填with smartphone ownership among students increasing sharply。
28．（2026高三·全国·专题练习）我们可以与他人交流我们对所读书籍的看法，这使得聊天时更容易开始交谈。（现在分词作结果状语）
We can exchange our opinions about books we read with others,
【答案】making it easier to start a conversation while chatting
【详解】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。“这使得更容易开始交谈”可用固定句型make it+adj.+to do来表达，it是形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语，“更容易的”表达为easier，“开始交谈”start a conversation，此处用其不定式形式；“聊天时”可处理为状语从句的省略形式，表达为while chatting。句中已有谓语动词can exchange，make应用非谓语动词，表示“我们可以与他人交流我们对所读书籍的看法”自然而然产生的后果，应用现在分词。综上，故填making it easier to start a conversation while chatting。
29．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）I pointed at (坐在离我位置最近的男孩), who is the tallest boy in our class. （根据汉语提示用非谓语动词（短语）完成句子）
【答案】the boy sitting nearest to me
【详解】考查名词、非谓语动词和动词短语。句意：我指着坐得离我最近的那个男孩，他是我们班个子最高的男孩。根据汉语意思提示以及句子的要求提示可知，表示“男孩”为名词the boy，后接非谓语动词作后置定语修饰the boy，表示“坐得离我最近”应为动词短语sit nearest to me，和the boy为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填the boy sitting nearest to me。
30．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Everyone seemed excited about the event. They scheduled their time around it with great anticipation. (用“名词性从句”句式改写句子)
【答案】It seemed that everyone was excited about the event, scheduling their time around it with great anticipation.
【详解】考查主语从句和非谓语动词。句意：似乎每个人都对这次活动感到兴奋，满怀期待地安排自己的时间。根据句意以及句子的提示要求可知，要将其改写成含名词性从句的句子，可以使用句型“it seems/seemed that...”，原句使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式，“it”作形式主语 ，“that”引导从句作真正的主语。原句中的“Everyone seemed excited about the event”变为“that everyone was excited about the event”，放在“it seemed that”之后。原句中的第二句“They scheduled their time around it with great anticipation”，可以把主语“They”去掉，将动词“scheduled”变为现在分词“scheduling”，与主语everyone构成主动关系，使用现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随情况，说明人们在对活动感到兴奋的同时，满怀期待地安排时间。故答案是：It seemed that everyone was excited about the event, scheduling their time around it with great anticipation.
31．（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）人们普遍认为定期锻炼能改善身心健康。(汉译英)
【答案】It is widely believed that exercising regularly can improve physical and mental health.
【详解】考查固定句型、非谓语动词。表示“人们普遍认为”用固定句型it is widely believed that...，其中it为形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语；表示“定期锻炼”用exercise regularly，在从句中作主语，应用动名词形式；表示“能”用can，后接动词原形；表示“改善”用improve；表示“身心健康”用physical and mental health。故翻译为It is widely believed that exercising regularly can improve physical and mental health.
32．（2025·上海宝山·二模）比起看恐怖电影，他更喜欢读武侠小说。(prefer) （汉译英）
【答案】He prefers reading Kung fu novels to watching horror movies.
【详解】考查动词，固定短语和非谓语动词。表示“他”应用he，在本句中作主语，位于句首，首字母大写；表示“比起做……更喜欢做……”应用固定短语prefer doing sth. to doing sth.，句子描述的是一般性的喜好，时态用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词prefer用单数形式；表示“看恐怖电影”应用watching horror movies，为动名词短语作介词 to后宾语；表示“读武侠小说”应用reading Kung fu novels，为动名词短语作动词prefer后宾语。故翻译为He prefers reading Kung fu novels to watching horror movies.
33．（2014·上海·高考真题）没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than) （汉译英）
【答案】There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel program.
【详解】考查固定句型、形容词比较级和非谓语动词。“没有比什么……”为“There is nothing...than...”“更令人兴奋的”为more exciting。“被允许做”be allowed to do，“参加”take part in，介词than后接动名词作宾语，结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为：There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel program.
34．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）她浑身颤抖，觉得如坐针毡。(汉译英)
【答案】She shook all over, feeling like sitting on pins and needles.
【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句子应该是描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时；主语“她”用代词she，谓语“浑身颤抖”可用动词短语shake all over，“觉得如坐针毡”伴随谓语行为发生，可用分词作伴随状语，“感觉像是做某事”可用动词短语feel like doing，“如坐针毡”可用动词短语sit on pins and needles，feel和she逻辑上是主动关系，因此用feel的现在分词形式。故可译为：She shook all over, feeling like sitting on pins and needles.
35．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）她悲伤到失去知觉，不能开口说话。（汉译英）
【答案】She was numb with grief and had trouble speaking.
【详解】考查形容词、动名词和固定短语。根据句意，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以使用一般过去时；表示“悲伤到失去知觉”为be numb with grief，主语“她”为she，位于句首，首字母需大写，表示“不能开口说话”可转述为“说话有困难”为have trouble speaking，用于一般过去时，所以谓语动词为had，与“悲伤到失去知觉” 为并列关系，所以使用并列连词and连接。故翻译为She was numb with grief and had trouble speaking.
36．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）他走到弟弟身边，轻轻地摸着杰克逊的头发，说：“对不起我发脾气了。”(汉译英)
【答案】Approaching his brother, he gently stroked Jackson’s hair, murmuring, “Sorry for losing my temper.”
【详解】考查动词（短语）、副词、名词和非谓语动词。句子在描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时；主语“他”用代词he，状语“轻轻地”可用副词gently，谓语“摸着”可用动词stroke，宾语“杰克逊的头发”用名词短语Jackson’s hair；“走到弟弟身边”和“说”可处理为分词作状语，“走到……身边”可用动词approach，其宾语“弟弟”用名词短语his brother，“说”可用动词murmur，approach及murmur和逻辑主语he之间都是主动关系，因此均用现在分词形式；“对不起我发脾气了”是“说”的内容，可用直接引语表示，“因做某事而对不起”可用固定表达sorry for doing，“发脾气”可用动词短语lose my temper。故可译为：Approaching his brother, he gently stroked Jackson’s hair, murmuring, “Sorry for losing my temper.”
37．（23-24高三上·上海金山·阶段练习）持之以恒地推进植树造林，这份责任扎根在林场每位职工的心中。(persevere) (汉译英)
【答案】The responsibility of persevering in forestation is deep rooted in the mind of every employee of the forest farm.
【详解】考查名词、动名词短语、动词短语和时态。表示“持之以恒地推进植树造林”应用动词短语persevere in forestation，此处应用动名词形式作宾语，表示“……的责任”应用the responsibility of doing sth，作主语；表示“扎根于……”应用短语be deep rooted in，作谓语动词，由句意陈述事实，可知此处应用一般现在时；表示“林场每位职工的心中”应用名词短语the mind of every employee of the forest farm，故翻译为The responsibility of persevering in forestation is deep rooted in the mind of every employee of the forest farm。
38．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）他情绪高涨，感觉自己好像站在了世界之巅。（汉译英）
【答案】He was in high spirits, and felt like being on top of the world.
【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句子主语“他”用代词he，句首单词首字母大写，句子陈述过去的状态，时态为一般过去时，故谓语动词用was与主语he保持主谓一致，表语“情绪高涨”译为in high spirits，其后用and连接并列谓语“感觉自己好像”，译为feel like，feel用过去式形式felt，“站在了世界之巅”译为be on top of the world，介词like后用动名词形式。故翻译为He was in high spirits, and felt like being on top of the world.
39．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）通过他，我学会了拥有一种不屈的精神可以克服挑战，大卫确实做到了这一点。（宾语从句+动名词短语做主语）(汉译英)
【答案】Through him, I learned having an unflagging spirit could overcome challenges and David truly had that.
【详解】考查非谓语动词、宾语从句及时态。“通过他”翻译为Through him，在句中作方式状语。“我学会了”翻译为I learned，作主句的主谓部分，这里描述过去发生的动作，使用一般过去时。“拥有一种不屈的精神可以克服挑战”作learned的宾语，即宾语从句，从句结构完整，可以省略引导词that。其中“拥有一种不屈的精神”用动名词短语having an unflagging spirit作从句主语，表示抽象的行为或概念；“可以克服挑战”翻译为could overcome challenges，作宾语从句的谓语和宾语部分，这里could表示一种能力，因主句是一般过去时，从句时态与之呼应。“大卫确实做到了这一点”与前面句子用and连接。“大卫”翻译为 “David”，“确实做到了”翻译为truly had，这里用一般过去时与前文保持一致，that指代前文提到的“拥有一种不屈的精神可以克服挑战”这件事。故整句翻译为：Through him, I learned having an unflagging spirit could overcome challenges and David truly had that.
40．（24-25高一上·重庆·阶段练习）即使你不确定结果，迈出第一步也会对实现目标产生影响。(even if, difference) (汉译英)
【答案】Even if you are not sure about the result, taking the first step will make a difference to achieving your goal.
【详解】考查让步状语从句、非谓语动词、固定短语。表示“即使”用even if，引导让步状语从句，句首单词首字母大写。让步状语从句中：表示“你”用you，作主语；表示“不确定”用be not sure about，句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语为you，be动词用are；表示“这个结果”用the result，作宾语。主句中：表示“迈出第一步”用take the first step，作主语，用动名词形式。表示“对做某事产生影响”用make a difference to doing sth.，主句描述将来的事情，句子时态用一般将来时，谓语用will make。表示“实现你的目标”用achieve your goal，用动名词，作介词to的宾语。故翻译为Even if you are not sure about the result, taking the first step will make a difference to achieving your goal.
41．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）在当地公园做社区服务时, Jessica清理了垃圾, 还种了一些小花。(用“非谓语动词”句式汉译英)
【答案】Doing community service in the local park, Jessica cleaned up the litter, planting some small flowers as well.
【详解】考查非谓语动词。“在当地公园做社区服务”表示为do community service in the local park，为时间状语，并且do和主语Jessica之间是主动关系，所以可以用现在分词作状语，“清理了垃圾”表示为clean up the litter，作谓语，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，“还种了一些小花”表示为plant some small flowers as well，和主语Jessica之间是主动关系，也用现在分词作状语，故翻译为Doing community service in the local park, Jessica cleaned up the litter, planting some small flowers as well.
42．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）通过每天练习和从错误中学习，她赢得了游泳比赛。(用“非谓语动词”句式汉译英)
【答案】Doing daily practice and learning from mistakes, she won the swimming competition.
【详解】考查非谓语动词、动词短语和时态。根据句意以及句子要求提示可知，表示“每天练习”应为动词短语do daily practice；表示“从错误中学习”应为动词短语learn from mistakes；和逻辑主语“she”为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式，故用现在分词“doing”和 “learning”构成并列短语，作状语；表示“赢得了游泳比赛”应为动词短语win the swimming competition；结合句意可知，该句应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故翻译为：Doing daily practice and learning from mistakes, she won the swimming competition.
43．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）在教练的鼓励下，Tom每天练习，逐渐提高了速度。（用“非谓语动词”句式汉译英）
【答案】Encouraged by his coach, Tom practiced daily, improving his speed gradually.
【详解】考查非谓语动词。该句中主语为Tom，表示“练习”为practice作谓语，结合句意，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以使用一般过去时，谓语动词为practiced，表示“每天”为daily，所以，“Tom每天练习”译为Tom practiced daily；表示“鼓励”为encourage，与逻辑主语Tom之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式作状语，表示“教练”为his coach，所以“在教练的鼓励下”可译为encouraged by his coach作状语；表示“逐渐提高了速度”为improve his speed gradually，是“每天练习”的结果，Tom与“improve”是主动关系，用现在分词短语“improving his speed gradually”作结果状语。故翻译为Encouraged by his coach, Tom practiced daily, improving his speed gradually.
44．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）她自豪地笑了，拿着试卷给父母看。(用“非谓语动词”句式汉译英)
【答案】She smiled proudly, holding her test paper and showing it to her parents.
【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。根据提示要求，可将“拿着试卷给父母看”处理为状语。句子陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，主语是she，谓语“笑”用smile，状语“自豪地”用proudly；“拿着”用动词hold，“展示”用show，这两个动词和逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，都用现在分词，作伴随状语；“试卷”表达为test paper，作holding的宾语；“把某物给某人看”表达为show sth. to sb.，“她的父母”表达为her parents，作介词to的宾语。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译为She smiled proudly, holding her test paper and showing it to her parents.
45．（2025高三·全国·专题练习）Not standing a chance against competitive applicants, I came out of the interview with an upset look. (英译汉)
【答案】自知在激烈的竞争中毫无胜算，我走出面试室时一脸沮丧。
【详解】考查现在分词短语、动词短语和句子结构。分析句子可知，本句基本结构为主谓宾句型；现在分词短语Not standing a chance against competitive applicants作原因状语，其中动词短语stand a chance against意为“有机会对抗”，其否定形式Not standing a chance against译为“没有机会对抗”，与逻辑主语I之间为主动关系，competitive applicants译为“有竞争力的申请者”，该状语整体译为“自知在激烈的竞争中毫无胜算”；主语I译为“我”；谓语came out of使用了一般过去时态，译为“走出”；宾语the interview译为“面试”，结合语境，此处指的是“走出面试室”；介词短语with an upset look作伴随状语，译为“一脸沮丧”。故翻译为：知在激烈的竞争中毫无胜算，我走出面试室时一脸沮丧。

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