资源简介 第02讲 代词目录01考情解码·命题预警 202 体系构建·思维可视 303 核心突破·靶向攻坚 4考点一 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词 4知识点1 人称代词、物主代词的基本用法 4知识点2 反身代词的基本用法 6【思维建模】从句子缺失成分判断代词类别 7考向1 考查人称代词、物主代词 7考向2 反身代词 8考点二 不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词 10知识点1 both, either, neither, all, any ,none,another, the other, other 等的用法 11知识点2 one, ones, that, those的用法 12知识点3 (a) few, (a) little, many, much的用法 13知识点4 指示代词、疑问代词的用法 14考向1 考查不定代词 15考点三 it的用法 17知识点1 it基本用法 17知识点2 it作形式主语或形式宾语 18考向1 考查it作形式主语及形式宾语 18考向2 考查it在固定短语及特殊句式中的运用 1804 真题溯源 考向感知 20考点要求 考察形式 2025 2024年 2023年 2022年人称代词 选择题 非选择题 新高考II卷myself; 全国甲卷its; me改为mine; 新高考I卷their; 全国甲卷we改为us; 全国乙卷his改为her; 全国甲卷去掉my; they改为you; 北京卷themselves;不定代词指示代词 选择题 非选择题 浙江卷ones; 全国甲卷all改为both;it 选择题 非选择题 全国乙卷its考情分析: 近年高考对代词的考查在语法填空中以有提示词和无提示词形式出现;阅读和写作及听力中涉及更灵活的代词指代和不定代词等知识,侧重考查考生语言运用的准确性和得体性。近年高考真题语法填空代词考点主要分布:人称代词(4年9考);不定代词:(3年2考);代词it:(4年1考)。 高考对代词的考查注重语境设置,,更多地在语篇中综合运用语法知识。要求考生将文章上下文意思联系起来填用正确的代词。做题时要在熟练掌握各类代词基本用法的基础上, 特别注意上下文句意和句子结构的分析。复习目标: 1 构建代词的知识网络,熟练掌握代词的基本用法。 重点掌握人称代词、反身代词、it等高频考点。 注意积累代词固定搭配,强化语境意识。() 考点一 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词代词是英语常见词类,种类丰富,包含人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、关系代词、连接代词等。知识点1 人称代词、物主代词的基本用法1.人称代词作主语用主格,作宾语、表语用宾格。2.两个以上的人称代词并列,其次序排列原则:(1)在并列主语中,“I”总是放在最后,排列顺序:二 三 一(人称);宾格也一样,“me”要放在最后。You, he and I are in different classes.你、我还有他在不同的班级。Mr Wang asked Li Ming and me to help him.王先生请求李明和我去帮助他。(2)第三人称,男女两性并用时,男先女后。He and she were sitting face to face.他和她正面对面地坐着。3. 物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。形容词性物主代词作定语,名词性物主代词可作主语、表语和宾语。The author can report other people's results which more or less agree with hers.作者可以发表与她自己的观点或多或少一致的别人的成果。得分速记作主语:人称代词主格(I、we、you等)。作宾语/表语:人称代词宾格(me、us、you等)、名词性物主代词(mine、ours、yours等)。3. 作定语:形容词性物主代词(my、our、your等)。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+n.”。【易错提醒】解答代词考题时,需要明确句子成分,瞻前顾后,关注设空处后面的词,如果忽略具体语境,容易错用代词。例1(2024全国甲卷)Last week, I saw a program about Chongqing hotpot on TV. I was curious but planned a special one-day trip there with a friend of me.【答案】me改成mine。【解析】考查代词。句意:我很好奇,和我的一个朋友计划了一个特别的一日游。a friend of mine我的一个朋友。介词of后接是名词性物主代词作宾语。故将me改成mine。例2(2023全国甲卷)In that class, Miss Zhao, our biology teacher, showed we insects on stamps.【答案】we改为us。【解析】考查代词。句意:在那节课上,我们的生物老师赵老师给我们看了邮票上的昆虫。作动词show的宾语,应用宾格us。故we改为us。【变式训练1·变情景】 So I changed (I) mind and chose Business Management as my major.【答案】my【解析】考查代词。句意:所以我改变了主意,选择了商业管理作为我的专业。此处为短语change one's mind表示“改变某人的主意”。故填my。【易错提醒】当设空词后面有名词作宾语时,考生容易忽略空格后面的名词,误将设空处所给代词用成代词宾格形式。【变式训练2·变载体】(2025·山西省高三开学摸底)The UNESCO on Wednesday included Spring Festival on the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The committee recognized the festival for (it) wide range of rituals (礼节) and unique cultural elements that engage all of Chinese society.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。句意:委员会认可了这个节日的广泛仪式和独特的文化元素,这些元素与中国社会的所有人都有联系。形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词。故填its。知识点2 反身代词的基本用法①基本用法反身代词②常见搭配场合 示例与介词搭配 by oneself 独自地 for oneself 替自己;为自己 of oneself 自动地 in oneself 本质上;本身与动词搭配 apply oneself to 专心致志于 behave oneself 举止得体;行为检点 dress oneself 打扮;自己穿衣 devote oneself to 致力于;献身于 help oneself to 随便吃/用 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 seat oneself 就座;入席 make yourself at home 别客气 teach oneself 自学思维建模多维度根据语境及代词指代作用的解题思路(确定代词信息提取第一步:观查设空处句子成分,找出主语、宾语的位置和指代对象。第二步:分析句意,判断主语和宾语是否指代同一对象。熟练掌握并积累含有反身代词的固定搭配。第三步:注意单复数的正确形式。对照检验答案)【易错提醒】-self结尾的代词变为复数时,需要将f变为v,再加es。考向1 考查物主代词例1(2025年安徽省马鞍山市高三第一次教学质量检测)That’s why each Spring Festival, hundreds of millions of people travel home to reunite(团聚) with (they) relatives.【答案】their【解析】考查代词。句意:那就是为什么每年春节有数以百万计的人回家和他们的亲人团聚。根据空后的名词relatives(亲戚)可知,空中用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词,they的形容词性物主代词是their,表示“他们的”。故填their。例2(2024年全国甲卷)They wondered out loud. This area, with 66 (it)unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。句意:这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景,必须作为国家公园保护好,为了所有国家的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词its,故填its。例3(2025年浙江首考·读后续写)“What if he has told the truth ” he thought to himself. The man’s words sounded pretty convincing.【译文】“要是他说的是实话呢?”他心里想。那人的说法听起来很有说服力。【变式训练1·变考法】Our neighbors gave (we) a baby bird yesterday that hurt (it) when it fell from its nest.【答案】us, itself【解析】考查代词。句意:我们的邻居昨天送给我们一只雏鸟,它从窝里掉下来时受了伤。第一空作动词的宾语,应用宾格us;第二空表示“它自己”应用反身代词itself。故填①us;②itself。【变式训练2·变情景】He has three sons, and one of is an engineer.【答案】them【解析】考查代词。句意:他有三个儿子,其中一个是工程师。and连接两个并列的句子,所以“one of_____”在句中为主语部分,空处需要人称代词的宾格形式them指代前文中的three sons,作介词of的宾语。故应填them。【易错提醒】本题容易和非限制性定语从句混淆,题中如果去掉并列连词and,则填whom。【变式训练3·变载体】It will take some time to popularize the new travel trend and the prices must remain competitive to ensure that regular tourists can afford .【答案】them【解析】考查代词。句意:要普及这种新的旅游趋势还需要一段时间,而且价格必须保持竞争力,以确保普通游客能够负担得起。分析句意可知,这里指代的是复数名词prices且动词afford后接宾语,所以用人称代词的宾格形式,故填them。考向2 考查反身代词得分速记观察设空处句子成分。如果句子缺少宾语,且由句意知宾语与主语指代相同的人或物,则需填反身代词。反身代词在句中可作宾语、表语或同位语。具体步骤如下:第一步看成分:观查设空处句子成分,找出主语、宾语的位置和指代对象。第二步看指代:仔细分析句意,判断主语和宾语是否指代同一对象。同时积累含有反身代词的固定搭配。第三步定答案:注意单复数的正确形式。例1(2025年湖南省九校联盟高三第二次联考)Rooted in Chinese mythology, Ne Zha 2 retells ancient stories with a modern twist. Born with unique powers, Ne Zha finds (he) as an outcast (被排斥的人) who is feared and even hated.【答案】himself【解析】考查代词。句意:哪吒天生拥有独特的力量,却发现自己是一个被排斥的人,让人害怕,甚至憎恨。句子的主语和宾语是同一人,所以空格处应该用反身代词himself作宾语。故填himself。例2(2025·河北省邢台市二轮复习质检测)An initiative was launched in late January by Xiaohongshu, a Chinese lifestyle-focused social media platform, inviting users to upload photos or videos of (they) and friends wearing hanfu at landmarks around the world from January 28 to February 19.【答案】themselves【解析】考查反身代词。句意:1月下旬,中国关注生活方式的社交媒体平台小红书发起了一项活动,邀请用户在1月28日至2月19日期间上传自己和朋友在世界各地地标建筑中穿着汉服的照片或视频。根据语境可知,句子表示“邀请用户在1月28日至2月19日期间上传自己和朋友在世界各地地标建筑中穿着汉服的照片或视频”,空格处意为“他们自己”,用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。【变式训练1·变情景】 (2025·湖北省十堰市高三统考)At the conference, sporting the theme of “Interconnection, Integration, Inheritance, Innovation,” delegates (代表) found _________ (they) closely connected to the Global Civilization Initiative (GCI), which advocates respect for the diversity of civilizations, the common values of humanity, the importance of inheritance and innovation of civilizations.【答案】themselves【解析】考查反身代词。句意:在以“联通融合 传承创新”为主题的会议上,代表们发现自己与全球文明倡议(GCI)密切相关,该倡议倡导尊重文明的多样性,人类的共同价值观,以及文明传承和创新的重要性。此处found这一动作的实施者和承受者为同一人,空处应用they的反身代词形式themselves,意为“他们自己”。故填themselves。【变式训练2·变载体】(24-25高三上·广东佛山·阶段练习)Biology is my favourite subject, and my target is to prepare _________ (I) for my degree in biology at university.【答案】myself【解析】考查反身代词。句意:生物学是我最喜欢的科目,我的目标是为我在大学的生物学学位做好准备。prepare oneself for sth. 为固定短语,意为“让自己为某事做好准备”,这里指为“我自己”做好准备,故填 myself。【变式训练3·变载体】We can’t seem to make up (we) minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one.【答案】our【解析】考查代词。句意:我们似乎无法决定是要一个现代化的城市还是一个传统的城市。固定短语make up one’s mind(s)意为“下定决心,做出决定”,因此应用形容词性物主代词our。故填our。() 考点二 不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词知识点1 不定代词both, either, neither, all, any, none, another, the other, other等的用法典型用法 典型示例each指两者或两者以上中每个 They each have their own email address. 他们每个人都有自己的电子邮件地址。both表示“两者都” Both his mother and his father will be there. 他父母二人都要去那里。all指“(三者或三者以上)全部” All five men are hard workers. 五个人全都工作努力。either表示“(两者中的)任何一个” You can park on either side of the street. 这条街两边都可停车。neither表示“两者都不” Neither of my parents speaks a foreign language. 我的父母都不会说外语。none表示“(三者或三者以上)全无,没有一点” We have three sons but none of them live nearby. 我们有三个儿子,但他们都不住在附近。nothing表示“没有任何东西” The doctor said there was nothing wrong with me. 医生说我什么毛病也没有。another泛指“(三者或三者以上中的)另一,又一” Heavy rains continued another three days. 大雨持续了三天。 Would you like another drink 还想喝一杯吗?other泛指“其余的”,只作定语 Are there any other questions 还有其他问题没有?others“另一些” Don't expect others to read your mind. 不要期望别人能看出你的心思。the other特指两者之中的另一个 He raised one arm and then the other. 他先举起一只手,然后举起另一只。the others“剩余的一些” I walked back while the others rode in the car. 别人都乘车,而我是走回来的。例1 (2022年浙江1月卷,应用文)For one thing, we got a glimpse of various aesthetic masterpieces,from Chinese calligraphy to Irish paintings. And for another, the festival unfolded the two countries' profound history.【答案】首先,我们见识了各种美学杰作,从中国书法到爱尔兰绘画。其次,这个节日也展现了两国深厚的历史。【解析】考查代词在长难句中的基本用法及固定短语。例2 (2024年浙江首考)Over the last two years, supermarkets sell chicken in packs with two halves . Then, when you use one section, ____64____ other stays fresh.【答案】the【解析】本题看似考查冠词,实际包含了对代词的考查。句意:然后,当你使用其中一部分时,另一部分保持新鲜。设空处后面other,the other特指两者中的“另一部分”,固定搭配“one... the other”。故填the。【名师点睛】高考命题不是单一的考查某一个知识点,而是在语境中对知识的综合考查。【变式训练1·变载体】Within industries, companies are always trying to develop products that are one step better than of other companies.【答案】those【解析】考查代词。句意:在行业内,公司总是试图开发比其他公司更好一步的产品。those代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物,分析句子可知,此处为代词those代替前面的复数名词products。故答案为those。【变式训练2·变情景】 who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.【答案】Anyone【解析】考查代词。句意:最后离开房间的人应该关灯。根据下文“leaves the room(离开房间)”可知,这里需要一个不定代词来指代任何一个可能最后离开房间的人。Anyone是一个不定代词,用来指任何一个人,符合句意。故填Anyone。知识点2 one, ones, that, those的用法在文中为避免重复,one、ones、that和those等都可以用来代替上文出现的名词。1.one代替的是前面提到的同类异物中的任何一个,相当于“a/an+可数名词单数”;ones用来代替前面出现的可数名词复数,也表泛指。2.that代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物,所代替的名词可以是可数名词单数,也可以是不可数名词,其前面通常不能有修饰语,但可以有后置定语。3.those代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物,只能指代可数名词复数,相当于the ones。【名师提醒】a/an+可数名词单数=one; 可数名词复数=ones the+可数名词单数=that/the one;the+不可数名词=that; the+可数名词复数=the ones/those;得分速记两者:二者选其一用either; 二者都不选用neither; 二者都选用both;三者或三者以上:三者或三者以上的任何一个用any; 三者或三者以上都不选用none; 三者或三者以上都选用all;其他:若表示“(三者或三者以上中的)另外一个”用another;若表示“(两者中的)另一个”用the other;若表示“其余的,另外的”,在名词前用other; 若不跟名词且指代复数, 用others。all, both, every,everybody,everything与not用于同一句中,表示部分否定;全部否定用neither, none,no one, nothing及“no与名词连用”等都表示全部否定。None of us was going to the party.我们之中没人去参加那个聚会。Not all of them smoke.=All of them don't smoke.他们当中不是所有的人都抽烟。常考含有不定代词的固定短语nothing but 仅仅,只是; anything but 决不something of 有几分,略微; or something 诸如此类的人或物if anything 要说有什么两样的话; have something/nothing to do with...与......有/无关all but 几乎,差不多; every other day 每隔一天思维建模 通过句子成分确定名词的可能性,排除其他词性干扰理清句子结构,确定不定代词 若指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词则用that,若指代复数形式用those; 若指代前面出现过的某类事物中的“一个”则用one,若指代复数形式用ones。知识点3 (a) few, (a) little, many, much的用法用法 示例few修饰可数名词,否定含义,“几乎没有” The last few winters have been very cold.过去几个冬天都很冷。a few修饰可数名词,肯定含义,“几个;一些” I have a few friends, but my younger sister has very few. 我有一些朋友,但我妹妹几乎没有朋友。little修饰不可数名词,否定含义,“几乎没有” There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。a little修饰不可数名词,肯定含义,“一点” She can speak a little French, but she knows little English.她能讲点法语,但她几乎不懂英语。many修饰可数名词,肯定含义,“许多” We don't have very many copies left. 我们所剩的册数不多。much修饰不可数名词,肯定含义,“许多” I don't have much money with me. 我没带多少钱。结合语境用上述单词或词组的适当形式填空。1.I try to visit my parents every ________ weeks. 2.He was advised to smoke ________ cigarettes and drink ________ beer. 3.But after the phone call, the journalist promised to ask ________ friends to teach him. 4.New drivers have twice as ________accidents as experienced drivers.5.Teenagers who are addicted to the Internet are ________ likely to suffer from depression.【答案】1.few 2. fewer, less 3. a few 4. many 53.more知识点4 指示代词、疑问代词的用法考向1 不定代词的考查例1 (2025年浙江首考)For a physical item, you will be notified by email when it arrives. Items are picked up at one of our libraries — the one you selected in the ILL Request Form.【译文】对于实体物品,当它到达时,您将收到电子邮件通知。物品将在我们的一家图书馆领取——即您在ILL请求表中选择的那一家。例2 (2022年全国乙卷,书面表达)Some students prefer to read English books, some like listening to English songs better, others view watching English movies as the most effective way to practice English.【译文】有些学生喜欢读英语书,有些学生更喜欢听英语歌曲,还有一些学生认为看英语电影是练习英语的最有效的方法。【变式训练1·变情景】There are two books on the desk. You can take _________ of them.【答案】either/both【解析】考查不定代词。句意:桌子上有两本书。你可以随便选一个/两个都拿。根据句意,表示选择“两个中的任一一个”,用不定代词either,表示选择“两个”,用不定代词both,作宾语。故填either/both。【变式训练2·变载体】)Cars do cause us some health problems —in fact far more serious _________ than mobile phones do.【答案】ones【解析】考查代词。句意:汽车确实给我们带来了一些健康问题——事实上,这些问题比手机严重得多。此处应用ones代指上文提到的health problems,故填ones。思维建模 代词题解题基本思路【变式训练3·变情景】Building a new school is one thing, while keeping it running smoothly is quite .【答案】another【解析】考查不定代词。句意:建一所新学校是一回事,而让它平稳运行又是另一回事。不定代词another三者或三者以上的另一个。由前面的“is one thing”可知,句子表示“建一所新学校是一回事,而让它平稳运行又是另一回事”,空格处意为“另一个”,根据句意,此处是三者或三者以上的另一个。 故答案为another。【变式训练4·变载体】(2024天津3月卷改编)I really want to go to a place for the summer vacation, ________ especially with beautiful scenery and unique culture.【答案】one。【解析】考查代词辨析。句意:我真的很想去一个地方过暑假,一个特别美丽的风景和独特的文化。分析句子,此处表示泛指过暑假的地方,one指代的刚提到过的同一类人或物。故填one。() 考点三 it的用法知识点1 考查it的基本用法(一) it作人称代词的用法1.it可以指除人以外的一切事物或动物。2.指人时主要用于指代性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。Her new baby is tiny. It only weighs 2 kilos.她刚出生不久的宝宝很瘦小,仅2公斤重。(二) it作非人称代词的用法1.主要用于指时间、距离、价值、自然现象(天气、气候及温度等)。It's quite warm at the moment.现在很暖和。2.用于某些句型中。It's time for sth. 该是做某事的时间了。It's time to do sth. 到该做某事的时候了。It's time for sb. to do sth.到某人该做某事的时间了。It's (about/high) time+that...是做……的时候了。(从句谓语用过去式,有时也用“should+动词原形”)It's the first/second... time+that...某人第几次做某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)It's+时间段+since...自从……有一段时间了。It's+时间段+before...过多长时间才……。例1 (2022年全国甲卷,满分作文)It's a day to stress the importance of ocean and remind people to protect it.【译文】这是一个强调海洋的重要性并提醒人们保护海洋的日子。知识点2 考查it作形式主语及形式宾语it使用场合 示例形式主语 ① It is a pity/shame that ... 真可惜…… ② It is no wonder that ... 难怪…… ③ It seems/appears that ... 似乎/看来…… ④ It looks/seems as if/as though ...看起来好像…… ⑤ It happens that ... 碰巧…… ⑥ It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that ...某人突然想起…… ⑦ It is said/reported that ... 据说/据报道…… ⑧ It is certain that ... ……是一定的 ⑨ It is no use/good doing ... 做……没有用/好处 ⑩ It takes sb some time to do...做……花费某人若干时间形式宾语 ①主语+think/believe/suppose/consider/...+it+adj./n.+for/of sb to do/that…从句 ②主语+think/believe/suppose/consider/...+it+no use/a waste of time+doing ...考向1 考查it作形式主语及形式宾语例1 (2025年浙江首考·七选五)Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand.【答案】it【解析】考查it作形式宾语。句意:保持你的信息简单和清晰,这将使人们更容易理解。例2 (2023年新课标Ⅰ卷·应用文) I would appreciate ________ if you could take my following proposals into consideration.【答案】it【解析】考查it。句意:如果您能考虑我以下的建议,我将不胜感激。分析句子成分可知,设空处作宾语,空格后有真正的宾语从句,填it作形式宾语。故填it。【名师点津】某些及物动词或短语后不能直接跟从句,此时须先用it作形式宾语,然后接从句,有此用法的动词(短语)有like、dislike、hate、appreciate、depend on、rely on、count on、see to等。【变式训练1·变考法】Although foreigners still need to meet certain requirements, this policy made_______ easier for them to visit China.【答案】it【解析】考查代词。句意:虽然外国人仍然需要满足一定的要求,但这一政策使他们更容易访问中国。此处是固定搭配:make it+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.其中it为形式宾语,不定式为真正宾语。故填it。【变式训练2·变载体】(2025·山东省实验中学高三四诊)To give full play to family gatherings, the Spring Festival lasts for 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival. Many people consider _________ a great opportunity to taste traditional cuisine such as dumplings, sticky rice cakes, and fried meatballs, and share the joy of the festival with their loved ones.【答案】it【解析】考查it用法。句意:许多人认为这是一个品尝传统美食的好机会,如饺子、糯米糕和炸肉丸,并与亲人分享节日的快乐。此处为句型consider it+n.+不定式,故填it。考向2 考查it在特殊句式及固定短语中的运用例1 (2022·全国甲卷满分作文)It is high time that we should strengthen the study of Marine knowledge and enhance the awareness of Marine protection.【译文】该是我们加强海洋知识学习和提高海洋保护意识的时候了。例2 (黑龙江省哈尔滨市三中2024-2025年高二英语试题)We always take for granted that our parents do everything for us without asking anything in return.【答案】it【解析】考查代词。句意:我们总是认为父母为我们做任何事都是理所当然的,而不要求任何回报。此处是固定搭配:take it for granted that意为“理所当然地认为”,其中it为形式宾语。故填it。【变式训练1·变考法】Therefore, it (acknowledge) that Shenzhen has become China’s most livable city.【答案】is acknowledged【解析】考查固定句型。句意:因此,深圳被公认为中国最宜居的城市。该句使用固定句型“It+be+动词-ed形式+that从句”,其中it为形式主语,that引导主语从句,句子表达普遍接受的事实或现状,时态为一般现在时,it is acknowledged that意为“人们普遍认为”,从句表示的内容是被人们认为的事实。故填is 。acknowledged。【变式训练2·变情景】Finally, should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.【答案】it【解析】考查代词。句意:最后,应该指出的是,享受人群的陪伴并不等同于和朋友在一起。分析句子结构可知,此处为主语位置,且该主语指代的是“that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends”这一观点,因此应使用形式主语it来占位,真正的主语为后面的that从句;“It should be pointed out that…”是固定句型,意为“应该指出的是……”。故填it。真题溯源 考向感知1.(2024全国甲卷)This area, with _________ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。句意:这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景,必须作为国家公园保护好,为了所有国家的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词its,故填its。2.(2023全国乙卷)Last Friday my mom decided to color his hair.【答案】his改为her【解析】考查代词。句意:上周五,我妈妈决定染头发。此处指“我妈妈染她的头发”,应用代词her。故his改为her。3.(2022北京卷)Since people can’t always eat out or cook for _________ (they), they get takeout or order delivery.【答案】themselves【解析】考查反身代词。句意:因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭,所以他们叫外卖或者叫外卖。空处在句中作介词for的宾语,当主语和宾语为同一物时,宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。4.(2021全国乙卷)Ecotourism has _________ (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept until the late 1980s.【答案】its【解析】句意:生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin可知,此处形容词性物主代词来修饰名词origin。故填its。5.(2021年新高考I卷) As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in _________(I).【答案】mine【解析】考查代词。句意:正如歌中所唱,这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”,它将永远留在游客的记忆中。对我来说确实如此。根据前一句“it will always stick in the visitor's memory”可知,本句为does指代前一句的stick,本句缺乏宾语,应用名词性物主代词mine指代my memory。故填mine。6.(2024九省联考卷)However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write faster, and they can feel proud of _________ (they).【答案】themselves【解析】考查代词。句意:然而,他认为,用钢笔练习可以帮助学生集中注意力,写得更快,他们可以为自己感到自豪。根据空格前的介词of可知,空格处应填代词作宾语,根据句意“他们自己”应用themselves。故填themselves。21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)第02讲 代词目录01 考情解码·命题预警 202 体系构建·思维可视 303 核心突破·靶向攻坚 3考点一 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词 3知识点1 人称代词、物主代词的基本用法 4知识点2 反身代词的基本用法 6【思维建模】从句子缺失成分判断代词类别 6考向1 考查人称代词、物主代词 7考向2 反身代词 7考点二 不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词 8知识点1 both, either, neither, all, any ,none,another, the other, other 等的用法 8知识点2 one, ones, that, those的用法 10知识点3 (a) few, (a) little, many, much的用法 11知识点4 指示代词、疑问代词的用法 12考向1 考查不定代词 12考点三 it的用法 13知识点1 it基本用法 14知识点2 it作形式主语或形式宾语 15考向1 考查it作形式主语及形式宾语 15考向2 考查it在固定短语及特殊句式中的运用 1604真题溯源 考向感知 16考点要求 考察形式 2025 2024年 2023年 2022年人称代词 选择题 非选择题 新高考II卷myself; 全国甲卷its; me改为mine; 新高考I卷their; 全国甲卷we改为us; 全国乙卷his改为her; 全国甲卷去掉my; they改为you; 北京卷themselves;不定代词指示代词 选择题 非选择题 浙江卷ones; 全国甲卷all改为both;it 选择题 非选择题 全国乙卷its考情分析: 近年高考对代词的考查在语法填空中以有提示词和无提示词形式出现;阅读和写作及听力中涉及更灵活的代词指代和不定代词等知识,侧重考查考生语言运用的准确性和得体性。近年高考真题语法填空代词考点主要分布:人称代词(4年9考);不定代词:(3年2考);代词it:(4年1考)。 高考对代词的考查注重语境设置,,更多地在语篇中综合运用语法知识。要求考生将文章上下文意思联系起来填用正确的代词。做题时要在熟练掌握各类代词基本用法的基础上, 特别注意上下文句意和句子结构的分析。复习目标: 1 构建代词的知识网络,熟练掌握代词的基本用法。 重点掌握人称代词、反身代词、it等高频考点。 注意积累代词固定搭配,强化语境意识。() 考点一 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词代词是英语常见词类,种类丰富,包含人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、关系代词、连接代词等。知识点1 人称代词、物主代词的基本用法1.人称代词作主语用主格,作宾语、表语用宾格。2.两个以上的人称代词并列,其次序排列原则:(1)在并列主语中,“I”总是放在最后,排列顺序:二 三 一(人称);宾格也一样,“me”要放在最后。You, he and I are in different classes.你、我还有他在不同的班级。Mr Wang asked Li Ming and me to help him.王先生请求李明和我去帮助他。(2)第三人称,男女两性并用时,男先女后。He and she were sitting face to face.他和她正面对面地坐着。3. 物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。形容词性物主代词作定语,名词性物主代词可作主语、表语和宾语。The author can report other people's results which more or less agree with hers.作者可以发表与她自己的观点或多或少一致的别人的成果。得分速记作主语:人称代词主格(I、we、you等)。作宾语/表语:人称代词宾格(me、us、you等)、名词性物主代词(mine、ours、yours等)。3. 作定语:形容词性物主代词(my、our、your等)。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+n.”。【易错提醒】解答代词考题时,需要明确句子成分,瞻前顾后,关注设空处后面的词,如果忽略具体语境,容易错用代词。例1(2024全国甲卷)Last week, I saw a program about Chongqing hotpot on TV. I was curious but planned a special one-day trip there with a friend of me.例2(2023全国甲卷)In that class, Miss Zhao, our biology teacher, showed we insects on stamps.【变式训练1·变情景】 So I changed (I) mind and chose Business Management as my major.【易错提醒】当设空词后面有名词作宾语时,考生容易忽略空格后面的名词,误将设空处所给代词用成代词宾格形式。【变式训练2·变载体】(2025·山西省高三开学摸底)The UNESCO on Wednesday included Spring Festival on the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The committee recognized the festival for (it) wide range of rituals (礼节) and unique cultural elements that engage all of Chinese society.知识点2 反身代词的基本用法①基本用法反身代词②常见搭配场合 示例与介词搭配 by oneself 独自地 for oneself 替自己;为自己 of oneself 自动地 in oneself 本质上;本身与动词搭配 apply oneself to 专心致志于 behave oneself 举止得体;行为检点 dress oneself 打扮;自己穿衣 devote oneself to 致力于;献身于 help oneself to 随便吃/用 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 seat oneself 就座;入席 make yourself at home 别客气 teach oneself 自学思维建模多维度根据语境及代词指代作用的解题思路(确定代词信息提取第一步:观查设空处句子成分,找出主语、宾语的位置和指代对象。第二步:分析句意,判断主语和宾语是否指代同一对象。熟练掌握并积累含有反身代词的固定搭配。第三步:注意单复数的正确形式。对照检验答案)【易错提醒】-self结尾的代词变为复数时,需要将f变为v,再加es。考向1 考查物主代词例1(2025年安徽省马鞍山市高三第一次教学质量检测)That’s why each Spring Festival, hundreds of millions of people travel home to reunite(团聚) with (they) relatives.例2(2024年全国甲卷)They wondered out loud. This area, with 66 (it)unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park.例3(2025年浙江首考·读后续写)“What if he has told the truth ” he thought to himself. The man’s words sounded pretty convincing.【变式训练1·变考法】Our neighbors gave (we) a baby bird yesterday that hurt (it) when it fell from its nest.【变式训练2·变情景】He has three sons, and one of is an engineer.【易错提醒】本题容易和非限制性定语从句混淆,题中如果去掉并列连词and,则填whom。【变式训练3·变载体】It will take some time to popularize the new travel trend and the prices must remain competitive to ensure that regular tourists can afford .考向2 考查反身代词得分速记观察设空处句子成分。如果句子缺少宾语,且由句意知宾语与主语指代相同的人或物,则需填反身代词。反身代词在句中可作宾语、表语或同位语。具体步骤如下:第一步看成分:观查设空处句子成分,找出主语、宾语的位置和指代对象。第二步看指代:仔细分析句意,判断主语和宾语是否指代同一对象。同时积累含有反身代词的固定搭配。第三步定答案:注意单复数的正确形式。例1(2025年湖南省九校联盟高三第二次联考)Rooted in Chinese mythology, Ne Zha 2 retells ancient stories with a modern twist. Born with unique powers, Ne Zha finds (he) as an outcast (被排斥的人) who is feared and even hated.例2(2025·河北省邢台市二轮复习质检测)An initiative was launched in late January by Xiaohongshu, a Chinese lifestyle-focused social media platform, inviting users to upload photos or videos of (they) and friends wearing hanfu at landmarks around the world from January 28 to February 19.【变式训练1·变情景】 (2025·湖北省十堰市高三统考)At the conference, sporting the theme of “Interconnection, Integration, Inheritance, Innovation,” delegates (代表) found _________ (they) closely connected to the Global Civilization Initiative (GCI), which advocates respect for the diversity of civilizations, the common values of humanity, the importance of inheritance and innovation of civilizations.【变式训练2·变载体】(24-25高三上·广东佛山·阶段练习)Biology is my favourite subject, and my target is to prepare _________ (I) for my degree in biology at university.【变式训练3·变载体】We can’t seem to make up (we) minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one.() 考点二 不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词知识点1 不定代词both, either, neither, all, any, none, another, the other, other等的用法典型用法 典型示例each指两者或两者以上中每个 They each have their own email address. 他们每个人都有自己的电子邮件地址。both表示“两者都” Both his mother and his father will be there. 他父母二人都要去那里。all指“(三者或三者以上)全部” All five men are hard workers. 五个人全都工作努力。either表示“(两者中的)任何一个” You can park on either side of the street. 这条街两边都可停车。neither表示“两者都不” Neither of my parents speaks a foreign language. 我的父母都不会说外语。none表示“(三者或三者以上)全无,没有一点” We have three sons but none of them live nearby. 我们有三个儿子,但他们都不住在附近。nothing表示“没有任何东西” The doctor said there was nothing wrong with me. 医生说我什么毛病也没有。another泛指“(三者或三者以上中的)另一,又一” Heavy rains continued another three days. 大雨持续了三天。 Would you like another drink 还想喝一杯吗?other泛指“其余的”,只作定语 Are there any other questions 还有其他问题没有?others“另一些” Don't expect others to read your mind. 不要期望别人能看出你的心思。the other特指两者之中的另一个 He raised one arm and then the other. 他先举起一只手,然后举起另一只。the others“剩余的一些” I walked back while the others rode in the car. 别人都乘车,而我是走回来的。例1 (2022年浙江1月卷,应用文)For one thing, we got a glimpse of various aesthetic masterpieces,from Chinese calligraphy to Irish paintings. And for another, the festival unfolded the two countries' profound history.例2 (2024年浙江首考)Over the last two years, supermarkets sell chicken in packs with two halves . Then, when you use one section, ____64____ other stays fresh.【名师点睛】高考命题不是单一的考查某一个知识点,而是在语境中对知识的综合考查。【变式训练1·变载体】Within industries, companies are always trying to develop products that are one step better than of other companies.【变式训练2·变情景】 who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.知识点2 one, ones, that, those的用法在文中为避免重复,one、ones、that和those等都可以用来代替上文出现的名词。1.one代替的是前面提到的同类异物中的任何一个,相当于“a/an+可数名词单数”;ones用来代替前面出现的可数名词复数,也表泛指。2.that代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物,所代替的名词可以是可数名词单数,也可以是不可数名词,其前面通常不能有修饰语,但可以有后置定语。3.those代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物,只能指代可数名词复数,相当于the ones。【名师提醒】a/an+可数名词单数=one; 可数名词复数=ones the+可数名词单数=that/the one;the+不可数名词=that; the+可数名词复数=the ones/those;得分速记两者:二者选其一用either; 二者都不选用neither; 二者都选用both;三者或三者以上:三者或三者以上的任何一个用any; 三者或三者以上都不选用none; 三者或三者以上都选用all;其他:若表示“(三者或三者以上中的)另外一个”用another;若表示“(两者中的)另一个”用the other;若表示“其余的,另外的”,在名词前用other; 若不跟名词且指代复数, 用others。all, both, every,everybody,everything与not用于同一句中,表示部分否定;全部否定用neither, none,no one, nothing及“no与名词连用”等都表示全部否定。None of us was going to the party.我们之中没人去参加那个聚会。Not all of them smoke.=All of them don't smoke.他们当中不是所有的人都抽烟。常考含有不定代词的固定短语nothing but 仅仅,只是; anything but 决不something of 有几分,略微; or something 诸如此类的人或物if anything 要说有什么两样的话; have something/nothing to do with...与......有/无关all but 几乎,差不多; every other day 每隔一天思维建模 通过句子成分确定名词的可能性,排除其他词性干扰理清句子结构,确定不定代词 若指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词则用that,若指代复数形式用those; 若指代前面出现过的某类事物中的“一个”则用one,若指代复数形式用ones。知识点3 (a) few, (a) little, many, much的用法用法 示例few修饰可数名词,否定含义,“几乎没有” The last few winters have been very cold.过去几个冬天都很冷。a few修饰可数名词,肯定含义,“几个;一些” I have a few friends, but my younger sister has very few. 我有一些朋友,但我妹妹几乎没有朋友。little修饰不可数名词,否定含义,“几乎没有” There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。a little修饰不可数名词,肯定含义,“一点” She can speak a little French, but she knows little English.她能讲点法语,但她几乎不懂英语。many修饰可数名词,肯定含义,“许多” We don't have very many copies left. 我们所剩的册数不多。much修饰不可数名词,肯定含义,“许多” I don't have much money with me. 我没带多少钱。结合语境用上述单词或词组的适当形式填空。1.I try to visit my parents every ________ weeks. 2.He was advised to smoke ________ cigarettes and drink ________ beer. 3.But after the phone call, the journalist promised to ask ________ friends to teach him. 4.New drivers have twice as ________accidents as experienced drivers.5.Teenagers who are addicted to the Internet are ________ likely to suffer from depression.知识点4 指示代词、疑问代词的用法考向1 不定代词的考查例1 (2025年浙江首考)For a physical item, you will be notified by email when it arrives. Items are picked up at one of our libraries — the one you selected in the ILL Request Form.例2 (2022年全国乙卷,书面表达)Some students prefer to read English books, some like listening to English songs better, others view watching English movies as the most effective way to practice English.【变式训练1·变情景】There are two books on the desk. You can take _________ of them.【变式训练2·变载体】)Cars do cause us some health problems —in fact far more serious _________ than mobile phones do.思维建模 代词题解题基本思路【变式训练3·变情景】Building a new school is one thing, while keeping it running smoothly is quite .【变式训练4·变载体】(2024天津3月卷改编)I really want to go to a place for the summer vacation, ________ especially with beautiful scenery and unique culture.() 考点三 it的用法知识点1 考查it的基本用法(一) it作人称代词的用法1.it可以指除人以外的一切事物或动物。2.指人时主要用于指代性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。Her new baby is tiny. It only weighs 2 kilos.她刚出生不久的宝宝很瘦小,仅2公斤重。(二) it作非人称代词的用法1.主要用于指时间、距离、价值、自然现象(天气、气候及温度等)。It's quite warm at the moment.现在很暖和。2.用于某些句型中。It's time for sth. 该是做某事的时间了。It's time to do sth. 到该做某事的时候了。It's time for sb. to do sth.到某人该做某事的时间了。It's (about/high) time+that...是做……的时候了。(从句谓语用过去式,有时也用“should+动词原形”)It's the first/second... time+that...某人第几次做某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)It's+时间段+since...自从……有一段时间了。It's+时间段+before...过多长时间才……。例1 (2022年全国甲卷,满分作文)It's a day to stress the importance of ocean and remind people to protect it.知识点2 考查it作形式主语及形式宾语it使用场合 示例形式主语 ① It is a pity/shame that ... 真可惜…… ② It is no wonder that ... 难怪…… ③ It seems/appears that ... 似乎/看来…… ④ It looks/seems as if/as though ...看起来好像…… ⑤ It happens that ... 碰巧…… ⑥ It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that ...某人突然想起…… ⑦ It is said/reported that ... 据说/据报道…… ⑧ It is certain that ... ……是一定的 ⑨ It is no use/good doing ... 做……没有用/好处 ⑩ It takes sb some time to do...做……花费某人若干时间形式宾语 ①主语+think/believe/suppose/consider/...+it+adj./n.+for/of sb to do/that…从句 ②主语+think/believe/suppose/consider/...+it+no use/a waste of time+doing ...考向1 考查it作形式主语及形式宾语例1 (2025年浙江首考·七选五)Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand.例2 (2023年新课标Ⅰ卷·应用文) I would appreciate ________ if you could take my following proposals into consideration.【名师点津】某些及物动词或短语后不能直接跟从句,此时须先用it作形式宾语,然后接从句,有此用法的动词(短语)有like、dislike、hate、appreciate、depend on、rely on、count on、see to等。【变式训练1·变考法】Although foreigners still need to meet certain requirements, this policy made_______ easier for them to visit China.【变式训练2·变载体】(2025·山东省实验中学高三四诊)To give full play to family gatherings, the Spring Festival lasts for 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival. Many people consider _________ a great opportunity to taste traditional cuisine such as dumplings, sticky rice cakes, and fried meatballs, and share the joy of the festival with their loved ones.考向2 考查it在特殊句式及固定短语中的运用例1 (2022·全国甲卷满分作文)It is high time that we should strengthen the study of Marine knowledge and enhance the awareness of Marine protection.例2 (黑龙江省哈尔滨市三中2024-2025年高二英语试题)We always take for granted that our parents do everything for us without asking anything in return.【变式训练1·变考法】Therefore, it (acknowledge) that Shenzhen has become China’s most livable city.【变式训练2·变情景】Finally, should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.真题溯源 考向感知1.(2024全国甲卷)This area, with _________ (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy - as a national park.2.(2023全国乙卷)Last Friday my mom decided to color his hair.3.(2022北京卷)Since people can’t always eat out or cook for _________ (they), they get takeout or order delivery.4.(2021全国乙卷)Ecotourism has _________ (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept until the late 1980s.5.(2021年新高考I卷) As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in _________(I).6.(2024九省联考卷)However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus, to write faster, and they can feel proud of _________ (they).21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com) 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 2026年高考英语第一轮复习(全国通用)第02讲代词(复习讲义)(学生版).docx 2026年高考英语第一轮复习(全国通用)第02讲代词(复习讲义)(教师版).docx