资源简介

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
维度一：品句填词
1.Sandstorms often hit this 　　　　　　（地区）， which therefore has made the soil there become desert.
2.Zongzi is a kind of rice dumpling 　　　　　　（包） in bamboo or reed leaves.
3.A very large amount of good 　　　　　　（土壤） will be removed to form the channel.
4.They wanted to 　　　　　　（设计） a machine that was both attractive and practical.
5.Some parts of the river are very 　　　　　　（浅的）， while it is very deep in other places.
6.Industry and 　　　　　　（农业） are the two important sectors of the national economy.
7.We should do everything we can to 　　　　　　（防止） him from making the same mistake again.
8.He is a businessman， and t　　　　　　 he always has an eye out for any opportunity to make money.
9.The road is covered with a s　　　　　　 of ice， so be careful while going to school.
10.The mountain is so s　　　　　　 that nobody can arrive at the top.
维度二：词形转换
1.An expert working for the environment will give a lecture on the causes and 　　　　　　（harm） effects of global warming.
2.The 　　　　　　（complete） of this bridge benefits people across the riverbanks a lot.
3.Only in this way can we protect our environment and build a 　　　　　　（harmony） society.
4.New techniques should not only increase 　　　　　　（agriculture） production but also be friendly to the environment.
5.Stella， 21， is at art school training to be a fashion 　　　　　　（design）.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.This custom has been 　　　　　　　　　　（使世代相传） since the 18th century.
2.The young lady who looked anxious at first now seems 　　　　　　　　　　（和我一样放松）.
3.John told Mr Brown not to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（费力开车） him home.
4.We were 　　　　　　　　　　　（阻止） watching the performance because of the heavy rain.
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （正是带着坚定的决心） he overcame all the challenges and difficulties successfully.
维度四：课文语法填空
　　The Longji Rice Terraces were built by 1.　　　　　　 Zhuang and Yao people， to whom Guangxi is home.2.　　　　　　 （start） in the Yuan Dynasty， work on the terraces took hundreds of years， until 3.　　　　　　 （it） completion in the early Qing Dynasty.These terraces increase the areas 4.　　　　　　 which people grow rice.Besides， they can catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from 5.　　　　　　　　 （wash） away.But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people 6.　　　　　　 （work） in 7.　　　　　　 （harmonious） with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.Although modern technology could help produce more 8.　　　　　　 （crop）， new generations continue to use ancient methods of agriculture 9.　　　　　　　　 （maintain） the terraces.Today， the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors 10.　　　　　　　　 come to admire this great wonder created by people and nature working together.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　The day starts early for Tang Shengli， a bird protection volunteer in Lanshan county， Yongzhou， Hunan Province.At about 5 am， the 60-year-old is in uniform and ready to start his day’s work protecting and recording migratory birds.Located on the northern side of the Nanling Mountains， Lanshan is an important passageway for migratory birds.From September to December every year， more than 240 species of migratory birds fly from Siberia to Australia via Hunan.In the past 10 years， Tang has recorded more than 120 species of such birds with his camera.“The flight calls of the migratory birds at night attract me so much that I cannot sleep.All I want to do is get up and record them，” Tang says.
　　When Tang joined the Hunan provincial bird protection organization in 2013， he knew he faced a tough task.Numerous migratory birds were lost each year as a result of killing and illegal trade.At that time， poachers （偷猎者） lit up the hillside to attract the birds there and hunt them.Some nights hundreds of birds would be killed or caught， remembers Liao Changgui， an official with the local forestry bureau.
　　By day， Tang distributes brochures to villagers in Lanshan to raise public awareness of bird protection， while at night， he goes deep into the wilderness to tackle illegal hunting.“Many villagers didn’t think bird hunting was illegal， and some made a living from it.Our work has affected their business，” Tang explains， adding his wife was threatened at their home in order to stop him doing his work.
　　To stop poaching， in October 2012， the National Forestry and Grassland Administration issued a notice to prevent the illegal hunting of migratory birds.In December that year， the Hunan provincial government promised to fight against poaching and establish a bird monitoring and protection system.So far， 43 migratory bird protection stations have been built across the province， covering almost all key points on the passageway.In 2020， a “lights out” program started in Lanshan county to prevent the birds from being distracted （使分心）.
　　On 1 November， the Hunan provincial government issued a ban on hunting migratory birds and other wildlife listed under national and provincial protection.Nationwide， the National Forestry and Grassland Administration is carrying out a two-month special action plan to strengthen patrols and remove illegal hunting equipment in national parks， nature reserves and bird migration routes across the country.
1.Why did poachers light up the hillside according to Paragraph 2？
A.To find their way around the hill.
B.To search for birds’ nests and catch them.
C.To draw the birds’ attention to catch them.
D.To lead the birds to fly safely and in the correct direction.
2.What is the possible meaning of the underlined word “tackle” in Paragraph 3？
A.Give up. B.Put off.
C.Call for. D.Deal with.
3.What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph？
A.Ways to punish bird poachers.
B.Routes migratory birds fly along.
C.Measures to protect migratory birds.
D.Reasons why poachers try to capture birds.
4.What is a suitable title for the news report？
A.Ensuring Birds Have a Safe Passage
B.Important Passageway for Migratory Birds
C.Flight Calls of Migratory Birds at Night Attract Tang　
D.Tang Records More Than 120 Species of Migratory Birds
B
　　A small group of Cuban dive instructors have started a project to grow coral （珊瑚） and replant it.The divers hope to restore part of Cuba’s barrier reef （堡礁）.And they are working with limited financial support and using materials recovered from the coast.
　　Luis is one of the project’s leaders.The fisherman grew up on Cuba’s north coast.He said， “It’s incredible to see the loss of coral in the past 30 years.” He added， “Our dream is to make the parts of the barrier reef that have lost their coral grow again.”
　　To make that happen， Luis worked with other dive instructors and neighborhood schoolchildren with the support from Cuba’s environmental organizations.They began collecting pieces of coral spread across the ocean floor after large storms three years ago.The pieces were then hung on branches of underwater “trees” made from old plastic pipes and supported by fishing lines recovered from the coast.They were then “replanted” on the coral reef， fixed by nails driven into the rock.In a year， most survive and grow enough to repopulate the part of the barrier reef between 60 to 80 meters in length.
　　Like many coral reefs around the world， the ones in Cuba are threatened by changing water temperatures， destructive plants and animals， pollution and over-fishing.It is reported that the world has already lost 30 to 50 per cent of its coral reefs.
　　Karine is a French diver who just visited Cuba for the first time.She said the reef looked better than others she had seen on dives elsewhere in the world， including in Africa.“The coral needs to be protected，” she said after two dives on a recent trip to nearby Varadero.She said， “It’s good to see that in Cuba they take care of what they have， and that it is still not too affected by too much tourism.”
5.What can we infer from the recovery of the Cuba’s barrier reef？
A.It is just a new project to start.
B.It is a slow and difficult process.
C.It is mainly carried out by schoolchildren.
D.It is greatly supported by the government.
6.How do the dive instructors fix the pieces of coral on the reef？
A.They are fastened to the rock by fishing lines.
B.They are supported by the trees on the ocean floor.
C.They are placed firmly by nails driven into the rock.
D.They are hung by old plastic pipes collected on the coast.
7.What does the underlined word “destructive” in Paragraph 4 mean？
A.Endangered. B.Beneficial.
C.Plentiful. D.Harmful.
8.What is Karine’s attitude towards the Cubans’ effort to recover the coral reef？
A.Doubtful. B.Concerned.
C.Positive. D.Disappointed.
C
　　Celebrated on 16 June， World Sea Turtle Day is a day dedicated to one of the world’s oldest and most fascinating creatures.Unfortunately， this is also a day to remind everyone of the sea turtle’s endangered status.
　　Sea turtles have been around since the time of dinosaurs.They typically live to between 30 and 50 years of age， spending most of their lives at sea.Part of the reptile （爬行动物） family， sea turtles can hold their breath for up to five hours.This comes in handy since some species can dive as deep as 1，000 meters below the water’s surface before needing to come up for air.Sea turtles also like to get around， often migrating very long distances.One species can migrate over 12，000 km from nesting beaches in Japan all the way to feeding grounds near Mexico.
　　Female sea turtles return to the beach they hatched on to nest.Some species lay up to 250 eggs in a single nest， and each egg takes around 60 days to incubate （孵化）.However， it’s estimated that only one in a thousand baby turtles can survive to adulthood.
　　Although it is worth having a day to celebrate these magnificent animals， World Sea Turtle Day also has a more serious purpose： to raise awareness of their difficult situation.Sea turtles are threatened with extinction.Plastic trash is a big problem because the turtles often mistake bags and other plastic items for food like jellyfish.In fact， half of all sea turtles have consumed plastic at some time in their lives.
　　Rising global temperature is another threat facing turtles.Turtle eggs that lie on warm sand are more likely to result in female turtles， which affects the animal’s diversity.Also， trash-covered beaches can make it hard for baby turtles to reach the sea.
　　However you want to celebrate World Sea Turtle Day， take some time to spread the word about what we can do to protect these ancient animals.Reducing the amount of plastic we use is just one small way we can help make sure sea turtles stick around for another 100 million years.
9.Which of the following can replace the underlined words “comes in handy” in Paragraph 2？
A.is useful B.is interesting
C.is close D.is difficult
10.What can we infer from the whole passage？
A.Turtles are a species which hates going around.
B.Turtles’ rate of survival is low though they are productive.
C.Turtles came into being long after the extinction of dinosaurs.
D.Turtles， belonging to reptile family， spend most of their lives on land.
11.According to the passage， which of the following is not the problem sea turtles are facing？
A.Turtle eggs lying on warm sand tend to result in female turtles.
B.Sea turtles often mistake plastic bags and other plastic items for food.
C.Sea turtles are captured by fishermen for food or for other purposes.
D.Baby turtles will have difficulty in reaching the sea when they are on trash-covered beaches.
12.What’s the main idea of the passage？
A.The factors of causing sea turtles to die out.
B.Raising the awareness of protecting sea turtles.
C.A brief introduction of sea turtles’ living habits.
D.How sea turtles lay eggs.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Thanks to Earth， we have fresh air to breathe， clean water to drink and warm sunshine to enjoy.But it seems that we may have taken these things for granted and not realized that our planet is getting “sick”.　13　.More than 15，000 researchers around the world have written a letter to warn about environmental threats.
　　Among those environmental challenges， global warming sits at the top.Global average temperatures have risen by more than 0.5℃ since 1992.　14　. It means that heat waves would last around a third longer and rainstorms would be about a third more intense （猛烈的） if we take no action.The increase in sea levels would also be much higher.Countries like Singapore and Japan that are at low altitudes may be covered by the ocean in the future.
　　　15　.It’s getting harder to get fresh water.Ocean pollution has become serious.Since 1992， the human population has grown by 2 billion， while the populations of all other animals have dropped by nearly 30 per cent.Scientists say that we are experiencing the sixth mass extinction in history.More than two-thirds of the world’s wildlife could be gone by the end of the decade if action isn’t taken soon.　16　.
　　However， we have made some progress.That’s because we gradually stopped using chemicals that can break down ozone， a gas that protects Earth.　17　.
A.The change is a big deal
B.Now， scientists have given us a warning
C.But this is not the only problem people are facing
D.We can make a big difference when we act right now， the letter says
E.Scientists also conclude that global warming will continue for centuries
F.Some rare animals， like black rhinos， might just appear in the pictures soon
G.All the countries in the world should take action on behalf of future generations
13.　　　　　　14.　　　　　　15.　　　　 16.　　　 17.　　　
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.region　2.wrapped　3.soil　4.design　5.shallow
6.agriculture　7.prevent　8.therefore　9.sheet　10.steep
维度二
1.harmful　2.completion　3.harmonious　4.agricultural　5.designer
维度三
1.passed down
2.as relaxed as me
3.go to the trouble to drive
4.prevented from
5.It was with great determination that
维度四
1.the　2.Starting　3.its　4.in　5.being washed　6.have worked　7.harmony　8.crops　9.to maintain　10.who
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了为了确保鸟类有安全通道，志愿者唐盛利和湖南政府所做的一系列的努力。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的At that time， poachers （偷猎者） lit up the hillside to attract the birds there and hunt them.可知，偷猎者点亮山坡来吸引鸟儿的注意，以便捕捉它们。
2.D　词义猜测题。根据By day， Tang distributes brochures to villagers in Lanshan to raise public awareness of bird protection可知，白天唐盛利给村民分发有关保护鸟类的小册子来提高保护鸟类的公众意识。由此可知，晚上他深入荒野是为了打击非法狩猎。由此猜测，画线词和deal with含义相近。
3.C　段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，本段主要介绍保护候鸟的一些措施。
4.A　标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了为了确保鸟类有安全通道采取的一系列的措施和所做的努力。A项（确保鸟类有安全通道）为本文最合适的标题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了古巴民间人士为恢复珊瑚礁而采取的修补措施。
5.B　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，他们所用的资金和材料都非常有限。由此可知，古巴堡礁的恢复保护是一个非常缓慢而艰难的过程。
6.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的The pieces were then hung ... fixed by nails driven into the rock.可知，他们将珊瑚碎片用钉子固定在礁石上来“移植”珊瑚到珊瑚礁上。
7.D　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的Like many coral reefs around the world， the ones in Cuba are threatened可知，古巴的珊瑚礁也受到威胁，因此，这些是对珊瑚礁有害的动植物。所以，画线单词和harmful意思一致。
8.C　观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句可知， Karine对于古巴人保护珊瑚礁的努力是拥护的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海龟的特性和危险处境，并呼吁大众保护海龟和环境。
9.A　词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在句和上一句可知，This指的是上一句中的sea turtles can hold their breath for up to five hours，所以这个特性对于需要潜水深至1，000米的动物来说是有用的，所以A项能最好地解释画线短语的含义。
10.B　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，海龟虽然很多产，但存活率低。
11.C　细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句和第五段内容可知，A、B、D三项都是海龟正面临的问题。只有C项没有被提及。
12.A　主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Unfortunately，this is also a day to remind everyone of the sea turtle’s endangered status.可知，本文主要是通过海龟日告诉大众海龟所处的危险处境，即有哪些因素造成海龟濒临灭绝。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要呼吁人们重视地球环境问题，包括全球变暖、生物灭绝、水污染等。
13.B　空前一句强调人类并没有意识到地球在“生病”，并认为一切都是理所应当，同时空后一句指出研究人员联名致信，对环境威胁发出警告。B项中的warning与空后一句中的warn呼应，符合语境。
14.A　根据空前一句可知，全球气温发生了变化。A项中的The change指代这种变化，符合语境。
15.C　根据第二段最后一句以及空后两句可知，人类不仅面临着家园被海洋覆盖的问题，同时还有海洋污染、淡水越来越难以获得的问题。C项（但这并不是人类面临的唯一问题）承上启下，符合语境。C项中的the only problem与第二段最后一句形成呼应，符合语境。
16.F　根据空前一句可知，如果不采取行动，超过三分之二的野生动物10年后可能会消失。F项以黑犀牛为例，承接上文，说明一些稀有动物可能会受到环境影响，即将消失。
17.D　根据空前两句可知，人类在环境保护方面已经取得了一些进展。D项承接上文，符合语境，指出如果人类现在采取行动，就会对地球产生大的影响。
5 / 5Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
Longji Rice Terraces①
Imagine mountains wrapped② in silver water， shining in the spring sun.Summer sees③ the mountains turn bright green with growing rice.During autumn， these same mountains are gold， and in winter they are covered in sheets of white frost④.These are the colours of the Longji Rice Terraces.
These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people， [1]to whom Guangxi is home.Starting in the Yuan Dynasty⑤， work on the terraces took hundreds of years， until its completion⑥ in the early Qing Dynasty.[2]Reaching as far as the eye can see， these terraces cover tall mountains， often from the bottom to the very top.
　　[1]本句为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。
[2]Reaching as far as the eye can see 为动词-ing形式作状语。
So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces？ Firstly， there are few large， flat areas of land in the region⑦.[3]Building the terraces therefore⑧ meant that they could increase the areas in which they could grow rice. Secondly， although the region has plenty of rain， the mountains are steep⑨ and the soil⑩ is shallow .The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away .
　　[3]Building the terraces为动词-ing短语作主语；that引导宾语从句；in which引导定语从句。
[4]But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice. The terraces are cleverly designed ， with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other.During the rainy season， [5]it is along these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces. The sun heats the water and turns it into vapour.This forms clouds from which rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again .[6]These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish， some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops .
　　[4]what引导主语从句；in which引导定语从句，先行词为the way。
[5]本句为强调句，强调了along these waterways。
[6]some of which引导定语从句，先行词为birds and fish；that引导定语从句，先行词为insects，that在从句中作主语。
[7]Although modern technology could help produce more crops， these terraces still mean a lot to the local people for whom traditions hold much value.[8]This knowledge is passed down through families， which means that new generations continue to use ancient methods of agriculture to maintain the terraces. Today， the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors who come to admire this great wonder created by people and nature working together.
　　[7]Although引导让步状语从句；for whom引导定语从句。
[8]which引导非限制性定语从句；that引导宾语从句。
【读文清障】
①terrace n.梯田
②wrap v.包，裹
③see v.（某个时间或地点）经历/发生/见证
④frost n.霜
⑤dynasty n.朝代
⑥completion n.完成，结束
⑦region n.地区，区域
⑧therefore adv.因此，由此
⑨steep adj.陡的，陡峭的
⑩soil n.土壤
shallow adj.浅的
prevent v.阻挡，防止
prevent sb/sth from doing sth 阻止某人/某物做某事
wash away 冲走
significant adj.重要的，影响深远的
harmony n.融洽相处，和谐
in harmony with 与……和谐相处，与……协调一致
design v.设计
waterway n.水路，航道
once again 再一次
feed on 以……为食
harm v.伤害，损害
crop n.庄稼，作物
tradition n.传统
pass down 传下来
generation n.一代（人）
agriculture n.农业
attract v.吸引，引起……的兴趣
admire v.欣赏，观赏
【参考译文】
龙脊梯田
想象一下：春日，群山被银白色的水田包裹，在阳光下闪闪发光；盛夏，佳禾吐绿，将群山染成一片青翠；秋收，满山金黄；而隆冬，它们又披上了冰霜做成的雪白毛毯。这就是绚丽多彩的龙脊梯田。
龙脊梯田的建造者是广西当地的壮族和瑶族居民。梯田从元朝开始修建，历经数百年，至清朝初期完工。目之所及，梯田包裹着巍峨的高山，往往从山脚一直盘绕到山顶。
为什么当地人要如此大费周章，将整片山地变成梯田呢？首先，这里缺乏大面积的平原，建造梯田意味着他们能够扩大水稻的种植面积。其次，尽管该地区多雨，但山地坡度大、土层浅薄，水平的梯田能够储存雨水，防止土壤流失。
但也许最令人惊叹的还是人与自然和谐相处建造梯田并种植水稻的方式。这些梯田设计巧妙，其间有几百条相互连通的水渠。在雨季，雨水会沿着这些水渠从山上流下进入梯田。水分经太阳蒸发成为水蒸气，水蒸气形成云，而雨水又从云中再次落到山上的梯田里。这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了绝佳的栖息地，而一部分鸟和鱼又以危害水稻的昆虫为食。
尽管现代科技有助于提高农作物的产量，但对珍视传统的当地人来说，这些梯田依然具有重要的意义。这种认识通过家族代代相传，后代子孙一直沿用古老的农耕方式维持着梯田的运作。今天，成千上万的游客慕名而来，欣赏这由人与自然共同创造的壮丽奇观。
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1.How does the author develop Paragraph 1？
A.By listing the facts.
B.By comparing the facts.
C.By vividly describing the scene.
D.By painting the beautiful colours.
2.Which of the following statements is NOT true？
A.In Guangxi， there are few large， flat areas of land.
B.These terraces cover entire mountains from the bottom to the very top.
C.These terraces are too steep and shallow to catch the rainwater.
D.Rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces along the waterways.
3.Why does the writer mention modern technology？
A.To show the terraces are out of date.
B.To show the terraces are still valuable.
C.To show the terraces are kept better.
D.To show why the terraces are abandoned.
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage？
A.To show how to grow rice.
B.To introduce Zhuang and Yao ethnic groups in Guangxi.
C.To encourage people to make terraces.
D.To show people can work in harmony with nature.
5.What can we conclude from the last paragraph？
A.Modern technology helps people there produce more rice.
B.People there still value the ancient growing methods.
C.Many visitors come here to learn how to grow rice.
D.The young people there like to create great wonders.
第三步：拓思维品质提升
1.What do you know about the terraces？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Can you describe the growing areas in your hometown？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：品语言妙笔生辉
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe the environment.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Read the passage carefully and find the personification （拟人） sentence in the passage.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第五步：析难句表达升级
1.Starting in the Yuan Dynasty， work on the terraces
took hundreds of years， until its completion in the early Qing Dynasty.
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Building the terraces therefore meant that they could
increase the areas in which they could grow rice.
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.Today， the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors who come to admire this great wonder
created by people and nature working together.
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
go to the trouble to do sth费力做某事
【教材原句】　So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces？
为什么当地人要如此大费周章，将整片山地变成梯田呢？
【用法】
get into trouble　　　　 　陷入麻烦；陷入困境
get out of trouble 摆脱困境
have （no） trouble with .../（in） doing ...（做）……有（无）困难
ask for trouble 自找麻烦；自讨苦吃
不辞劳苦地做某事
【佳句】　If we can’t keep to the schedule， we’ll be in trouble.
如果我们不按时完成计划就要有麻烦了。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①If you get 　　　　　　trouble，you can depend on your best friend to help you.
②The doctor said that delaying this type of operation was just asking 　　　　　　　　trouble.
【写美】　补全句子
③I also 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　due to my limited vocabulary.
由于我的词汇有限，我在准确表达我的思想上也有困难。
prevent v. 阻挡，防止
【教材原句】　The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away.
水平的梯田能够储存雨水，防止土壤流失。
【用法】
（1）prevent/stop/keep ...from doing sth 阻止……做某事
（2）protect ...from ... 保护……不受……
（3）prevention n. 预防；阻止；防止
【佳句】　Once he has made up his mind， no one can prevent him from carrying out the plan.
一旦他下定决心，没有人能阻止他执行这个计划。
【点津】　stop/prevent ...from doing sth中的from可省略，而keep ...from doing sth中的from不可省略。在被动语态中，上述三种搭配中的from都不可省略。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The government has already taken action to prevent people 　　　　　　driving after drinking.
②We should take effective measures to protect the river from 　　　　　　　（pollute）.
③A lecture about the 　　　　　　（prevent） of fires will be given next week.
【写美】　补全句子
④We must take some measures to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我们必须采取一些措施防止树木被毁坏。
harmony n. 融洽相处，和谐
【教材原句】　But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice.
但也许最令人惊叹的还是人与自然和谐相处建造梯田并种植水稻的方式。
【用法】
（1）in harmony with　　　与……和谐相处；与……协调一致
out of harmony with 与……不和谐；与……不协调一致
（2）harmonious adj. 和谐的
【佳句】　Human life is regarded as part of nature and the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.
人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，我们存活下去的唯一办法是与自然和谐相处。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Man， as a part of nature， should strive to live in harmony 　　　　the natural world.
②Building a happy and 　　　　（harmony） society is what we have been struggling for since the beginning of the 21st century.
【写美】　补全句子
③After moving into the new apartment， we hope to live 　　　　　　　　　　our neighbours.
搬进新公寓后，我们希望与邻居和睦相处。
design v.设计；打算；意欲，意图 n.设计；图案
【教材原句】　The terraces are cleverly designed， with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other.
这些梯田设计巧妙，其间有几百条相互连通的水渠。
【用法】
（1）design sth for ...　　　为……设计某物
be designed for ... 为……而设计
be designed to do sth 被设计用于做某事
（2）by design 有意地，故意地
【佳句】　This course is specially designed for beginners like you， focusing on listening and speaking practice.
这门课程是专门为像你这样的初学者设计的，重点在于听说训练。
【联想】　by design的同义短语为on purpose，反义短语为by accident。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①My headteacher arranged an excellent seat for me 　　　　　　design so that I could focus on my study.
②The girl didn’t like the game which was designed 　　　　　　education.
【写美】　句式升级
③The project which was designed to help the students in need didn’t work out as planned.
→The project 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　didn’t work out as planned.（分词短语作后置定语）
feed on 以……为食
【教材原句】　These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish， some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops.
这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了绝佳的栖息地，而一部分鸟和鱼又以危害水稻的昆虫为食。
【用法】
feed sb with/on ...　　用……喂养某人
feed sth to sb/sth 把某物给某人/某物吃
be fed up with＝be tired of（口语）厌倦……
【佳句】　Birds feed on nuts and berries in the cold winter.
鸟类在寒冷的冬天以坚果和浆果为食。
【生义】　feed还可意为“施（肥）”。
We usually feed the plants once a week and water them twice a week.
我们通常每周给这些植物施一次肥，浇两次水。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The giant panda lives in the mountains， which feeds 　　　　　　bamboo.
②Farmers feed kitchen leftovers 　　　　　the pigs and dogs.
【写美】　一句多译
③人们厌烦这么多的交通堵塞。
→People 　　　　　　　　　　　　all these traffic jams.
→People 　　　　　　　　　　　　all these traffic jams.
harm v.& n.伤害，损害；危害
【教材原句】　These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish， some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops.
这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了绝佳的栖息地，而一部分鸟和鱼又以危害水稻的昆虫为食。
【用法】
（1）do sb/sth harm＝do harm to sb/sth 对某人/某物有害
There is no harm in doing sth＝It does no harm to do sth 做某事并无害处
（2）harmful adj. 有害的
be harmful to ... 对……有害
（3）harmless adj. 无害的
【佳句】　Watching TV too much can harm children’s ability to learn.
看电视过多会对孩子的学习能力有害。
【助记】　It gives off harmful gases which may do harm to your health.
它会散发有害气体，这些气体可能会对你的健康有害。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①“We have studied this issue and we think it would be more beneficial than 　　　　　　（harm）， ” he said.
②Being addicted to online games does harm 　　　　　　our physical and mental health.
③Drinking too much is harmful 　　　　　　your health.
【写美】　句型转换
④There is no harm in giving gifts to children， but they should not be rewards.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 give gifts to children， but they should not be rewards.
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：as ... as “像……一样”
【教材原句】　Reaching as far as the eye can see， these terraces cover tall mountains，often from the bottom to the very top.
目之所及，梯田包裹着巍峨的高山，往往从山脚一直盘绕到山顶。
【用法】
（1）第一个as为副词，修饰形容词或副词原级。第二个as可以是连词，引导比较状语从句； 也可以是介词，后加名词或代词。当as ... as中间有名词时，应采用以下格式：
①as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.（单数可数名词）＋as
②as＋adj.＋n.（复数或不可数名词）＋as
③as＋many/much＋n.＋as
（2）否定句式：not as/so ...as ...意为“不如……”。
（3）...times as＋adj./adv.＋as ...意为“是……的几倍……”。（表达“两倍”时用twice）
【品悟】　This film about traditional cultures is as interesting as that one.
这部关于传统文化的电影和那部电影一样有趣。
【写美】　微写作
①事实上，有时候事情并没有我想的那么糟。（心理描写）
In fact， sometimes things are not 　　　　　　　　I think.
②感谢新闻媒体，我们可以获得比过去多几倍的信息。（投稿）
Thanks to the news media， we can get several times 　　　　　　　　　we did in the past.
③他的英语不如他弟弟说得一半流畅。
His English is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　his younger brother’s.
④我希望你会和我一样过上丰富多彩的学校生活。
I hope you will live 　　　　　　　　　 　　I do.
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.different colours　2.Yuan Dynasty　3.Qing Dynasty
4.growing areas　5.being washed away　6.in harmony with
第二步
1－5　CCBDB
第三步
1.They are a kind of growing area in mountains. They have farming and viewing values as well.
2.Large flat areas with so many green crops and so on.（答案不唯一）
第四步
1.Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water，shining in the spring sun.Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice.During autumn，these same mountains are gold，and in winter they are covered in sheets of white frost.These are the colours of the Longji Rice Terraces.
2.Today， the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors who come to admire this great wonder created by people and nature working together.
第五步
1.梯田从元朝开始修建，历经数百年，至清朝初期完工。
2.建造梯田意味着他们能够扩大水稻的种植面积。
3.今天，成千上万的游客慕名而来，欣赏这由人与自然共同创造的壮丽奇观。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①into　②for　③have trouble （in） expressing my ideas accurately　
2.①from　②being polluted　③prevention　④prevent/stop/keep trees from being destroyed
3.①with　②harmonious　③in harmony with
4.①by　②for　③designed to help the students in need
5.①on　②to　③are fed up with； are tired of
6.①harmful　②to　③to　④It does no harm to
重点句型解构
①as bad as
②as much information as
③not half as fluent as
④as colourful a school life as
8 / 8(共96张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
Longji Rice Terraces①
Imagine mountains wrapped② in silver water， shining in the spring
sun.Summer sees③ the mountains turn bright green with growing
rice.During autumn， these same mountains are gold， and in winter they are covered in sheets of white frost④.These are the colours of the Longji Rice Terraces.
【读文清障】
①terrace n.梯田
②wrap v.包，裹
③see v.（某个时间或地点）经历/发生/见证
④frost n.霜
These terraces were built by the local Zhuang and Yao people， [1]to
whom Guangxi is home.Starting in the Yuan Dynasty⑤， work on the
terraces took hundreds of years， until its completion⑥ in the early Qing
Dynasty.[2]Reaching as far as the eye can see， these terraces cover tall
mountains， often from the bottom to the very top.
　　[1]本句为“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。
[2]Reaching as far as the eye can see 为动词-ing形式作状语。
⑤dynasty n.朝代
⑥completion n.完成，结束
So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire
mountains into terraces？ Firstly， there are few large， flat areas of land
in the region⑦.[3]Building the terraces therefore⑧ meant that they could
increase the areas in which they could grow rice. Secondly， although the
region has plenty of rain， the mountains are steep⑨ and the soil⑩ is
shallow .The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from
being washed away .
　　[3]Building the terraces为动词-ing短语作主语；that引导宾语从
句；in which引导定语从句。
⑦region n.地区，区域
⑧therefore adv.因此，由此
⑨steep adj.陡的，陡峭的
⑩soil n.土壤
shallow adj.浅的
prevent v.阻挡，防止
prevent sb/sth from doing sth 阻止某人/某物做某事
wash away 冲走
[4]But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people
have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow
rice. The terraces are cleverly designed ， with hundreds of waterways
that connect with each other.During the rainy season， [5]it is along
these waterways that rainwater moves down the mountains and into the
terraces. The sun heats the water and turns it into vapour.This forms
clouds from which rain falls down onto the mountain terraces once again
.[6]These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and
fish， some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops .
　　[4]what引导主语从句；in which引导定语从句，先行词为the
way。
[5]本句为强调句，强调了along these waterways。
[6]some of which引导定语从句，先行词为birds and fish；that引
导定语从句，先行词为insects，that在从句中作主语。
significant adj.重要的，影响深远的
harmony n.融洽相处，和谐
in harmony with 与……和谐相处，与……协调一致
design v.设计
waterway n.水路，航道
once again 再一次
feed on 以……为食
harm v.伤害，损害
crop n.庄稼，作物
[7]Although modern technology could help produce more crops，
these terraces still mean a lot to the local people for whom traditions hold
much value.[8]This knowledge is passed down through families，
which means that new generations continue to use ancient methods of
agriculture to maintain the terraces. Today， the Longji Rice Terraces
attract thousands of visitors who come to admire this great wonder
created by people and nature working together.
　　[7]Although引导让步状语从句；for whom引导定语从句。
[8]which引导非限制性定语从句；that引导宾语从句。
tradition n.传统
pass down 传下来
generation n.一代（人）
agriculture n.农业
attract v.吸引，引起……的兴趣
admire v.欣赏，观赏
【参考译文】
龙脊梯田
想象一下：春日，群山被银白色的水田包裹，在阳光下闪闪
发光；盛夏，佳禾吐绿，将群山染成一片青翠；秋收，满山金
黄；而隆冬，它们又披上了冰霜做成的雪白毛毯。这就是绚丽多
彩的龙脊梯田。
龙脊梯田的建造者是广西当地的壮族和瑶族居民。梯田从元朝开
始修建，历经数百年，至清朝初期完工。目之所及，梯田包裹着巍峨
的高山，往往从山脚一直盘绕到山顶。
为什么当地人要如此大费周章，将整片山地变成梯田呢？首先，
这里缺乏大面积的平原，建造梯田意味着他们能够扩大水稻的种植面
积。其次，尽管该地区多雨，但山地坡度大、土层浅薄，水平的梯田
能够储存雨水，防止土壤流失。
但也许最令人惊叹的还是人与自然和谐相处建造梯田并种植水稻
的方式。这些梯田设计巧妙，其间有几百条相互连通的水渠。在雨
季，雨水会沿着这些水渠从山上流下进入梯田。水分经太阳蒸发成为
水蒸气，水蒸气形成云，而雨水又从云中再次落到山上的梯田里。这
些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了绝佳的栖息地，而一部分鸟和鱼又以危
害水稻的昆虫为食。
尽管现代科技有助于提高农作物的产量，但对珍视传统的当地人
来说，这些梯田依然具有重要的意义。这种认识通过家族代代相传，
后代子孙一直沿用古老的农耕方式维持着梯田的运作。今天，成千上
万的游客慕名而来，欣赏这由人与自然共同创造的壮丽奇观。
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1. How does the author develop Paragraph 1？
A. By listing the facts.
B. By comparing the facts.
C. By vividly describing the scene.
D. By painting the beautiful colours.
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true？
A. In Guangxi， there are few large， flat areas of land.
B. These terraces cover entire mountains from the bottom to the very top.
C. These terraces are too steep and shallow to catch the rainwater.
D. Rainwater moves down the mountains and into the terraces along the
waterways.
3. Why does the writer mention modern technology？
A. To show the terraces are out of date.
B. To show the terraces are still valuable.
C. To show the terraces are kept better.
D. To show why the terraces are abandoned.
4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage？
A. To show how to grow rice.
B. To introduce Zhuang and Yao ethnic groups in Guangxi.
C. To encourage people to make terraces.
D. To show people can work in harmony with nature.
5. What can we conclude from the last paragraph？
A. Modern technology helps people there produce more rice.
B. People there still value the ancient growing methods.
C. Many visitors come here to learn how to grow rice.
D. The young people there like to create great wonders.
第三步：拓思维品质提升
1. What do you know about the terraces？


2. Can you describe the growing areas in your hometown？


　They are a kind of growing area in mountains. They have farming
and viewing values as well.　
　Large flat areas with so many green crops and so on.（答案
不唯一）　
第四步：品语言妙笔生辉
1. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe the
environment.





　Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water，shining in the spring
sun.Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing
rice.During autumn，these same mountains are gold，and in winter
they are covered in sheets of white frost.These are the colours of the
Longji Rice Terraces.　
2. Read the passage carefully and find the personification （拟人）
sentence in the passage.



　Today， the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors who
come to admire this great wonder created by people and nature working
together.　
第五步：析难句表达升级
1. Starting in the Yuan Dynasty， work on the terraces
took hundreds of years， until its completion in the
early Qing Dynasty.
自主翻译

梯田从元朝开始修建，历经数百年，至清朝初期完
工。　
2. Building the terraces therefore meant that they could
increase the areas in which they could grow rice.
自主翻译
建造梯田意味着他们能够扩大水稻的种植面积。　
3. Today， the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands
of visitors who come to admire this great wonder
created by people and nature working together.
自主翻译

今天，成千上万的游客慕名而来，欣赏这由人与自然
共同创造的壮丽奇观。　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
go to the trouble to do sth费力做某事
【教材原句】　So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn
the entire mountains into terraces？
为什么当地人要如此大费周章，将整片山地变成梯田呢？
【用法】
【佳句】　If we can’t keep to the schedule， we’ll be in trouble.如
果我们不按时完成计划就要有麻烦了。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①If you get trouble，you can depend on your best friend to help
you.
②The doctor said that delaying this type of operation was just
asking trouble.
into　
for　
【写美】　补全句子
③I also due to
my limited vocabulary.
由于我的词汇有限，我在准确表达我的思想上也有困难。
have trouble （in） expressing my ideas accurately　
prevent v. 阻挡，防止
【教材原句】　The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil
from being washed away.
水平的梯田能够储存雨水，防止土壤流失。
【用法】
（1）prevent/stop/keep ...from doing sth 阻止……做某事
（2）protect ...from ...　　保护……不受……
（3）prevention n.　　预防；阻止；防止
【佳句】　Once he has made up his mind， no one can prevent him
from carrying out the plan.
一旦他下定决心，没有人能阻止他执行这个计划。
【点津】　stop/prevent ...from doing sth中的from可省略，而
keep ...from doing sth中的from不可省略。在被动语态中，上述三种
搭配中的from都不可省略。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The government has already taken action to prevent people
driving after drinking.
②We should take effective measures to protect the river from
（pollute）.
③A lecture about the （prevent） of fires will be given
next week.
from　
being
polluted　
prevention　
【写美】　补全句子
④We must take some measures to
.
我们必须采取一些措施防止树木被毁坏。
prevent/stop/keep trees from being
destroyed　
harmony n. 融洽相处，和谐
【教材原句】　But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which
people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and
grow rice.
但也许最令人惊叹的还是人与自然和谐相处建造梯田并种植水稻
的方式。
【用法】
（1）in harmony with　　与……和谐相处；与……协调一致
out of harmony with　　与……不和谐；与……不协调一致
（2）harmonious adj.　　和谐的
【佳句】　Human life is regarded as part of nature and the only way for
us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.
人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，我们存活下去的唯一办法是与自然
和谐相处。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Man， as a part of nature， should strive to live in harmony
the natural world.
②Building a happy and （harmony） society is what we
have been struggling for since the beginning of the 21st century.
with　
harmonious　
【写美】　补全句子
③After moving into the new apartment， we hope to live
our neighbours.
搬进新公寓后，我们希望与邻居和睦相处。
in harmony
with　
design v.设计；打算；意欲，意图 n.设计；图案
【教材原句】　The terraces are cleverly designed， with hundreds of
waterways that connect with each other.
这些梯田设计巧妙，其间有几百条相互连通的水渠。
【用法】
（1）design sth for ...　　　为……设计某物
be designed for ...　　为……而设计
be designed to do sth　　被设计用于做某事
（2）by design　　有意地，故意地
【佳句】　This course is specially designed for beginners like you，
focusing on listening and speaking practice.
这门课程是专门为像你这样的初学者设计的，重点在于听说训练。
【联想】　by design的同义短语为on purpose，反义短语为by
accident。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①My headteacher arranged an excellent seat for me design so that
I could focus on my study.
②The girl didn’t like the game which was designed education.
by　
for　
【写美】　句式升级
③The project which was designed to help the students in need didn’t
work out as planned.
→The project didn’t work out
as planned.（分词短语作后置定语）
designed to help the students in need　
feed on 以……为食
【教材原句】　These terraces also provide a perfect environment for
birds and fish， some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice
crops.
这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了绝佳的栖息地，而一部分鸟和鱼又以
危害水稻的昆虫为食。
【用法】
feed sb with/on ...　　用……喂养某人
feed sth to sb/sth　　把某物给某人/某物吃
be fed up with＝be tired of（口语）厌倦……
【佳句】　Birds feed on nuts and berries in the cold winter.鸟类在寒冷
的冬天以坚果和浆果为食。
【生义】　feed还可意为“施（肥）”。
We usually feed the plants once a week and water them twice a week.
我们通常每周给这些植物施一次肥，浇两次水。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The giant panda lives in the mountains， which feeds bamboo.
②Farmers feed kitchen leftovers the pigs and dogs.
on　
to　
【写美】　一句多译
③人们厌烦这么多的交通堵塞。
→People all these traffic jams.
→People all these traffic jams.
are fed up with　
are tired of　
harm v.& n.伤害，损害；危害
【教材原句】　These terraces also provide a perfect environment for
birds and fish， some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice
crops.
这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了绝佳的栖息地，而一部分鸟和鱼又以
危害水稻的昆虫为食。
（1）do sb/sth harm＝do harm to sb/sth　　对某人/某物有害
There is no harm in doing sth＝It does no harm to do sth　　
做某事并无害处
（2）harmful adj.　　有害的
be harmful to ...　　对……有害
（3）harmless adj.　　无害的
【用法】
【佳句】　Watching TV too much can harm children’s ability to learn.
看电视过多会对孩子的学习能力有害。
【助记】　It gives off harmful gases which may do harm to your
health.
它会散发有害气体，这些气体可能会对你的健康有害。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①“We have studied this issue and we think it would be more beneficial
than （harm），” he said. 　
②Being addicted to online games does harm our physical and
mental health.
③Drinking too much is harmful your health.
harmful　
to　
to　
【写美】　句型转换
④There is no harm in giving gifts to children， but they should not be
rewards.
→ give gifts to children， but they should not be
rewards.
It does no harm to　
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：as ... as “像……一样”
【教材原句】　Reaching as far as the eye can see， these terraces cover
tall mountains，often from the bottom to the very top. 目之所及，梯田
包裹着巍峨的高山，往往从山脚一直盘绕到山顶。
（1）第一个as为副词，修饰形容词或副词原级。第二个as可以是连
词，引导比较状语从句； 也可以是介词，后加名词或代词。当
as ... as中间有名词时，应采用以下格式：
①as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.（单数可数名词）＋as
②as＋adj.＋n.（复数或不可数名词）＋as
③as＋many/much＋n.＋as
（2）否定句式：not as/so ...as ...意为“不如……”。
（3）...times as＋adj./adv.＋as ...意为“是……的几倍……”。
（表达“两倍”时用twice）
【用法】
【品悟】　This film about traditional cultures is as interesting as that one.
这部关于传统文化的电影和那部电影一样有趣。
【写美】　微写作
①事实上，有时候事情并没有我想的那么糟。（心理描写）
In fact， sometimes things are not I think.
②感谢新闻媒体，我们可以获得比过去多几倍的信息。（投稿）
Thanks to the news media， we can get several times
we did in the past.
③他的英语不如他弟弟说得一半流畅。
His English is his younger brother’s.
④我希望你会和我一样过上丰富多彩的学校生活。
I hope you will live I do.
as bad as　
as much
information as　
not half as fluent as　
as colourful a school life as　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. Sandstorms often hit this （地区）， which therefore has
made the soil there become desert.
2. Zongzi is a kind of rice dumpling （包） in bamboo or
reed leaves.
3. A very large amount of good （土壤） will be removed to
form the channel.
region　
wrapped　
soil　
4. They wanted to （设计） a machine that was both
attractive and practical.
5. Some parts of the river are very （浅的）， while it is
very deep in other places.
6. Industry and （农业） are the two important sectors of
the national economy.
7. We should do everything we can to （防止） him from
making the same mistake again.
design　
shallow　
agriculture　
prevent　
8. He is a businessman， and t he always has an eye out for any
opportunity to make money.
9. The road is covered with a s of ice， so be careful while going to
school.
10. The mountain is so s that nobody can arrive at the top.
herefore　
heet　
teep　
维度二：词形转换
1. An expert working for the environment will give a lecture on the causes
and （harm） effects of global warming.
2. The （complete） of this bridge benefits people across
the riverbanks a lot.
3. Only in this way can we protect our environment and build
a （harmony） society.
4. New techniques should not only increase
（agriculture） production but also be friendly to the environment.
5. Stella， 21， is at art school training to be a fashion
（design）.
harmful　
completion　
harmonious　
agricultural　
designer　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. This custom has been （使世代相传） since the
18th century.
2. The young lady who looked anxious at first now seems
（和我一样放松）.
3. John told Mr Brown not to （费力开
车） him home.
4. We were （阻止） watching the performance
because of the heavy rain.
5. （正是带着坚定的决心） he
overcame all the challenges and difficulties successfully.
passed down　
as relaxed as
me　
go to the trouble to drive　
prevented from　
It was with great determination that　
维度四：课文语法填空
　　The Longji Rice Terraces were built by 1. Zhuang and Yao
people， to whom Guangxi is home.2. （start） in the Yuan
Dynasty， work on the terraces took hundreds of years， until 3.
（it） completion in the early Qing Dynasty.These terraces increase the
areas 4. which people grow rice.Besides， they can catch the
rainwater and prevent the soil from 5. （wash）
away.But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people
the　
Starting　
its　
in　
being washed　
6. （work） in 7. （harmonious） with nature
to make these terraces and grow rice.Although modern technology could
help produce more 8. （crop）， new generations continue to
use ancient methods of agriculture 9. （maintain） the
terraces.Today， the Longji Rice Terraces attract thousands of visitors
e to admire this great wonder created by people and
nature working together.
have worked　
harmony　
crops　
to maintain　
who　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　The day starts early for Tang Shengli， a bird protection volunteer in
Lanshan county， Yongzhou， Hunan Province.At about 5 am， the 60-
year-old is in uniform and ready to start his day’s work protecting and
recording migratory birds.Located on the northern side of the Nanling
Mountains， Lanshan is an important passageway for migratory birds.
From September to December every year， more than 240 species of
migratory birds fly from Siberia to Australia via Hunan.In the past 10 years， Tang has recorded more than 120 species of such birds with his amera.“The flight calls of the migratory birds at night attract me so much that I cannot sleep.All I want to do is get up and record them，” Tang says.
　　When Tang joined the Hunan provincial bird protection organization
in 2013， he knew he faced a tough task.Numerous migratory birds were
lost each year as a result of killing and illegal trade.At that time，
poachers （偷猎者） lit up the hillside to attract the birds there and hunt
them.Some nights hundreds of birds would be killed or caught，
remembers Liao Changgui， an official with the local forestry bureau.
　　By day， Tang distributes brochures to villagers in Lanshan to raise
public awareness of bird protection， while at night， he goes deep into
the wilderness to tackle illegal hunting.“Many villagers didn’t think
bird hunting was illegal， and some made a living from it.Our work has
affected their business，” Tang explains， adding his wife was
threatened at their home in order to stop him doing his work.
　　To stop poaching， in October 2012， the National Forestry and
Grassland Administration issued a notice to prevent the illegal hunting of
migratory birds.In December that year， the Hunan provincial
government promised to fight against poaching and establish a bird
monitoring and protection system.So far， 43 migratory bird protection
stations have been built across the province， covering almost all key
points on the passageway.In 2020， a “lights out” program started in
Lanshan county to prevent the birds from being distracted （使分心）.
　　On 1 November， the Hunan provincial government issued a ban on
hunting migratory birds and other wildlife listed under national and
provincial protection.Nationwide， the National Forestry and Grassland
Administration is carrying out a two-month special action plan to
strengthen patrols and remove illegal hunting equipment in national
parks， nature reserves and bird migration routes across the country.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了为了确保鸟类有
安全通道，志愿者唐盛利和湖南政府所做的一系列的努力。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了为了确保鸟类有
安全通道，志愿者唐盛利和湖南政府所做的一系列的努力。
1. Why did poachers light up the hillside according to Paragraph 2？
A. To find their way around the hill.
B. To search for birds’ nests and catch them.
C. To draw the birds’ attention to catch them.
D. To lead the birds to fly safely and in the correct direction.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段中的At that time， poachers
（偷猎者） lit up the hillside to attract the birds there and hunt them.
可知，偷猎者点亮山坡来吸引鸟儿的注意，以便捕捉它们。
2. What is the possible meaning of the underlined word “tackle” in
Paragraph 3？
A. Give up. B. Put off.
C. Call for. D. Deal with.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据By day， Tang distributes brochures to
villagers in Lanshan to raise public awareness of bird protection可知，
白天唐盛利给村民分发有关保护鸟类的小册子来提高保护鸟类的公
众意识。由此可知，晚上他深入荒野是为了打击非法狩猎。由此猜
测，画线词和deal with含义相近。
3. What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph？
A. Ways to punish bird poachers.
B. Routes migratory birds fly along.
C. Measures to protect migratory birds.
D. Reasons why poachers try to capture birds.
解析：　段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，本段主要介绍保护
候鸟的一些措施。
4. What is a suitable title for the news report？
A. Ensuring Birds Have a Safe Passage
B. Important Passageway for Migratory Birds
C. Flight Calls of Migratory Birds at Night Attract Tang
D. Tang Records More Than 120 Species of Migratory Birds
解析：　标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了为了
确保鸟类有安全通道采取的一系列的措施和所做的努力。A项（确
保鸟类有安全通道）为本文最合适的标题。
B
　　A small group of Cuban dive instructors have started a project to grow
coral （珊瑚） and replant it.The divers hope to restore part of Cuba’s
barrier reef （堡礁）.And they are working with limited financial support
and using materials recovered from the coast.
　　Luis is one of the project’s leaders.The fisherman grew up on
Cuba’s north coast.He said， “It’s incredible to see the loss of coral
in the past 30 years.” He added， “Our dream is to make the parts of
the barrier reef that have lost their coral grow again.”
　　To make that happen， Luis worked with other dive instructors and
neighborhood schoolchildren with the support from Cuba’s
environmental organizations.They began collecting pieces of coral spread
across the ocean floor after large storms three years ago.The pieces were
then hung on branches of underwater “trees” made from old plastic
pipes and supported by fishing lines recovered from the coast.They were
then “replanted” on the coral reef， fixed by nails driven into the
rock.In a year， most survive and grow enough to repopulate the part of
the barrier reef between 60 to 80 meters in length.
　　Like many coral reefs around the world， the ones in Cuba are
threatened by changing water temperatures， destructive plants and
animals， pollution and over-fishing.It is reported that the world has
already lost 30 to 50 per cent of its coral reefs.
　　Karine is a French diver who just visited Cuba for the first time.She
said the reef looked better than others she had seen on dives elsewhere in
the world， including in Africa.“The coral needs to be protected，” she
said after two dives on a recent trip to nearby Varadero.She said， “It’s
good to see that in Cuba they take care of what they have， and that it is
still not too affected by too much tourism.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了古巴民间人士为恢复珊
瑚礁而采取的修补措施。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了古巴民间人士为恢复珊
瑚礁而采取的修补措施。
5. What can we infer from the recovery of the Cuba’s barrier reef？
A. It is just a new project to start.
B. It is a slow and difficult process.
C. It is mainly carried out by schoolchildren.
D. It is greatly supported by the government.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，他们所用的资
金和材料都非常有限。由此可知，古巴堡礁的恢复保护是一个非常
缓慢而艰难的过程。
6. How do the dive instructors fix the pieces of coral on the reef？
A. They are fastened to the rock by fishing lines.
B. They are supported by the trees on the ocean floor.
C. They are placed firmly by nails driven into the rock.
D. They are hung by old plastic pipes collected on the coast.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段中的The pieces were then
hung ... fixed by nails driven into the rock.可知，他们将珊瑚碎片
用钉子固定在礁石上来“移植”珊瑚到珊瑚礁上。
7. What does the underlined word “destructive” in Paragraph 4 mean？
A. Endangered. B. Beneficial.
C. Plentiful. D. Harmful.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的Like many coral reefs
around the world， the ones in Cuba are threatened可知，古巴的珊瑚
礁也受到威胁，因此，这些是对珊瑚礁有害的动植物。所以，画线
单词和harmful意思一致。
8. What is Karine’s attitude towards the Cubans’ effort to recover the
coral reef？
A. Doubtful. B. Concerned.
C. Positive. D. Disappointed.
解析：　观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句可知， Karine对于
古巴人保护珊瑚礁的努力是拥护的。
C
　　Celebrated on 16 June， World Sea Turtle Day is a day dedicated to
one of the world’s oldest and most fascinating creatures.Unfortunately，
this is also a day to remind everyone of the sea turtle’s endangered
status.
　　Sea turtles have been around since the time of dinosaurs.They
typically live to between 30 and 50 years of age， spending most of their
lives at sea.Part of the reptile （爬行动物） family， sea turtles can hold
their breath for up to five hours.This comes in handy since some species
can dive as deep as 1，000 meters below the water’s surface before
needing to come up for air.Sea turtles also like to get around， often
migrating very long distances.One species can migrate over 12，000 km
from nesting beaches in Japan all the way to feeding grounds near Mexico.
Female sea turtles return to the beach they hatched on to nest.Some
species lay up to 250 eggs in a single nest， and each egg takes around 60
days to incubate （孵化）.However， it’s estimated that only one in a
thousand baby turtles can survive to adulthood.
　　Although it is worth having a day to celebrate these magnificent
animals， World Sea Turtle Day also has a more serious purpose： to raise
awareness of their difficult situation.Sea turtles are threatened with
extinction.Plastic trash is a big problem because the turtles often mistake
bags and other plastic items for food like jellyfish.In fact， half of all sea
turtles have consumed plastic at some time in their lives.
　　Rising global temperature is another threat facing turtles.Turtle eggs
that lie on warm sand are more likely to result in female turtles， which
affects the animal’s diversity.Also， trash-covered beaches can make it
hard for baby turtles to reach the sea.
　　However you want to celebrate World Sea Turtle Day， take some
time to spread the word about what we can do to protect these ancient
animals.Reducing the amount of plastic we use is just one small way we
can help make sure sea turtles stick around for another 100 million years.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海龟的特性和危险
处境，并呼吁大众保护海龟和环境。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海龟的特性和危险
处境，并呼吁大众保护海龟和环境。
9. Which of the following can replace the underlined words “comes in
handy” in Paragraph 2？
A. is useful B. is interesting
C. is close D. is difficult
解析：　词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在句和上一句可知，This
指的是上一句中的sea turtles can hold their breath for up to five
hours，所以这个特性对于需要潜水深至1，000米的动物来说是有
用的，所以A项能最好地解释画线短语的含义。
10. What can we infer from the whole passage？
A. Turtles are a species which hates going around.
B. Turtles’ rate of survival is low though they are productive.
C. Turtles came into being long after the extinction of dinosaurs.
D. Turtles， belonging to reptile family， spend most of their lives on
land.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，海龟虽然很多
产，但存活率低。
11. According to the passage， which of the following is not the problem
sea turtles are facing？
A. Turtle eggs lying on warm sand tend to result in female turtles.
B. Sea turtles often mistake plastic bags and other plastic items for food.
C. Sea turtles are captured by fishermen for food or for other purposes.
D. Baby turtles will have difficulty in reaching the sea when they are on
trash-covered beaches.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句和第五段内容可知，A、B、D三项都是海龟正面临的问题。只有C项没有被提及。
12. What’s the main idea of the passage？
A. The factors of causing sea turtles to die out.
B. Raising the awareness of protecting sea turtles.
C. A brief introduction of sea turtles’ living habits.
D. How sea turtles lay eggs.
解析：　主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Unfortunately，this is
also a day to remind everyone of the sea turtle’s endangered status.
可知，本文主要是通过海龟日告诉大众海龟所处的危险处境，即
有哪些因素造成海龟濒临灭绝。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Thanks to Earth， we have fresh air to breathe， clean water to drink and warm sunshine to enjoy.But it seems that we may have taken these things for granted and not realized that our planet is getting
“sick”. 　13　.More than 15，000 researchers around the world have
written a letter to warn about environmental threats.
　　Among those environmental challenges， global warming sits at the
top.Global average temperatures have risen by more than 0.5℃ since
1992. 　14　. It means that heat waves would last around a third longer
and rainstorms would be about a third more intense （猛烈的） if we take
no action.The increase in sea levels would also be much higher.Countries
like Singapore and Japan that are at low altitudes may be covered by the
ocean in the future.
　　 　15　.It’s getting harder to get fresh water.Ocean pollution has
become serious.Since 1992， the human population has grown by 2
billion， while the populations of all other animals have dropped by nearly
30 per cent.Scientists say that we are experiencing the sixth mass
extinction in history.More than two-thirds of the world’s wildlife could
be gone by the end of the decade if action isn’t taken soon. 　16　.
　　However， we have made some progress.That’s because we
gradually stopped using chemicals that can break down ozone， a gas that
protects Earth. 　17　.
A. The change is a big deal
B. Now， scientists have given us a warning
C. But this is not the only problem people are facing
D. We can make a big difference when we act right now， the letter says
E. Scientists also conclude that global warming will continue for centuries
F. Some rare animals， like black rhinos， might just appear in the
pictures soon
G. All the countries in the world should take action on behalf of future
generations
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要呼吁人们重视地球环境问
题，包括全球变暖、生物灭绝、水污染等。
13. B　空前一句强调人类并没有意识到地球在“生病”，并认为一
切都是理所应当，同时空后一句指出研究人员联名致信，对环境威胁
发出警告。B项中的warning与空后一句中的warn呼应，符合语境。
14. A　根据空前一句可知，全球气温发生了变化。A项中的The
change指代这种变化，符合语境。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要呼吁人们重视地球环境问
题，包括全球变暖、生物灭绝、水污染等。
15. C　根据第二段最后一句以及空后两句可知，人类不仅面临着家
园被海洋覆盖的问题，同时还有海洋污染、淡水越来越难以获得的问
题。C项（但这并不是人类面临的唯一问题）承上启下，符合语境。
C项中的the only problem与第二段最后一句形成呼应，符合语境。
16. F　根据空前一句可知，如果不采取行动，超过三分之二的野生动
物10年后可能会消失。F项以黑犀牛为例，承接上文，说明一些稀有
动物可能会受到环境影响，即将消失。
17. D　根据空前两句可知，人类在环境保护方面已经取得了一些进
展。D项承接上文，符合语境，指出如果人类现在采取行动，就会对
地球产生大的影响。
谢谢观看！

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