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人教新版 八上 英语
同步课件
2025秋人教新版八上英语情境课堂教学课件（内嵌音视频）
Unit 1 Happy Holiday
Section A How do people
spend their holidays
（Grammar Focus）
目 录
Warming Up
2
Grammar
3
Exercises
4
Learning Objectives
1
Summary
5
At the end of the class, we are able to:
1. master the usage of indefinite pronouns and review the simple past tense;
2. use the correct indefinite pronouns to complete the conversation.
Learning Objectives
Warming Up
点击播放视频
Let’s watch a video and take down all the words in red.
anybody / everybody / nobody / somebody / anyone / no one / someone / anything / nothing / everything / anything / something
indefinite pronouns
Presentation
3a Read the sentences and notice the indefinite pronouns in bold. Then discuss when you use these pronouns.
Where did you go on holiday I didn't go anywhere special, but I tried something new—I worked as a tour guide at a museum.
Did you do anything interesting on your holiday No, nothing special. But I met someone interesting.
Did you go anywhere interesting Yes, I went to Yunnan.
Did you go with anyone Yes, I went with my family.
Did you eat anything special Yes, we did! Everything tasted good, especially the steamed chicken soup. Everyone loved it.
n. /ɡa d/
some-类 any-类 no-类 every-类
-body somebody 某人；有人 anybody 任何人 nobody 没有人 everybody
每人；所有人
-one someone 某人；有人 anyone 任何人 no one 没有人 everyone
每人；所有人
-thing something 某事；某物 anything 任何事物 nothing 没有什么 everything
每件事；一切
-where somewhere 某个地方 anywhere 任何地方 nowhere 无处；哪里都不 everywhere
处处；到处
前
后
不定代词的定义及功能
(1)定义：不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。
由some，any，no，every 加上-body，-one，-thing，-where构成的复合不定代词。
(2)功能：复合不定代词功能相当于名词，在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，但不能作定语。
e.g. Someone is waiting for you. 有人在等你。
I have nothing to say. 我没什么可说的。
What he wants is nothing. 他什么都不想要。
作主语
作宾语
作表语
1. 不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
2. 不定代词被定语（形容词、不定式、else等）修饰时，定语要后置。
Everyone ___________(想要) to have a long holiday.
There is ______________________(重要的东西) in today’s newspaper.
Do you have ____________________(什么要说的)
Ask _______________(别人) to help you.
不定代词的用法
wants
something important
anything to say
someone else
3.some-类和any-类复合不定代词的用法区别
some-类复合不定代词 any-类复合不定代词
肯定句
疑问句
否定句
常用于肯定句
There is something wrong with my bike.
在表示请求并希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中，要用some-类复合不定代词
Would you like something to drink
若any-类复合不定代词用于肯定句时，表示“随便哪个”
Anybody can see that it’s wrong.
常用于疑问句中
Is there anyone at home
常用于否定句中
The man couldn’t see anything at all.
1.— Do you know ______ about the four classic novels of Chinese literature (文学)
— Yes, I learn ________ interesting about Journey to the west.
A. anything; anything B. something; anything
C. something; something D. anything; something
2.—Would you please tell me_______ in today’s newspaper
—Sorry, I haven’t read it yet.
A. something important B. important something
C. anything important D. important anything
D
A
Instant Training
Did you do anything interesting on your holiday No, nothing special. But I met someone interesting.
Did you go anywhere interesting Yes, I went to Yunnan.
Did you go with anyone Yes, I went with my family.
Did you eat something special Yes, we did! Everything tasted good, especially the steamed chicken soup. Everyone loved it.
Look at the table and find out what those simple past tense questions have in common.
注意：一般过去时疑问句在主语人称前用助动词did或be动词的
过去式，人称之后如果跟动词需要用动词原形
句式结构
表示含义
时间状语
主系表：主语+was/were+其他.
主谓宾：主语+动词过去式+其他.
过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态；也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
yesterday
last month
last year
just now
…ago
in 2023
一般
过去时
口诀：
一般过去有规则，肯定句用过去式；
否定要把didn’t添，谓语动词须还原；
疑问did加在前，动词也需要还原。
句子类型 含be动词 含行为动词
肯定句 主语 + was/were + 其他. 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他.
否定句 主语 + was/were + not + 其他. 主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他.
一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语+其他 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他
一般过去时的句式结构
句子类型 含be动词 含行为动词
一般疑问句的肯定回答 Yes, 主语 + was/were. Yes, 主语 + did.
一般疑问句的否定回答 No, 主语 +wasn’t/weren’t. No, 主语 + didn’t.
I was in Beijing last month.
I went to Shanghai last Friday.
I wasn’t in Beijing last month.
I didn’t go to Shanghai last Friday.
—Were you in Beijing last month
—Yes, I was. /No, I wasn’t.
—Did you go to Shanghai last Friday
—Yes, I did. /No, I didn’t.
be动词
行为动词
肯定句
否定句
一般
疑问句
类别 构成方法 例词与发音 读音规则
play—played /ple d/ offer—offered / f (r)d/ 清辅音后读/t/，浊辅音和元音后读/d/，t和d后面读/ d/、/id/
加-ed
一般情况
动词变过去式的规则
规则变化
类别 构成方法 例词与发音 读音规则
like—liked /la kt/ hate—hated / he t d/ 清辅音后读/t/，浊辅音和元音后读/d/，t和d后面读/ d/、/id/
以e结尾的动词
加-d
类别 构成方法 例词与发音 读音规则
cry—cried /kra d/ study—studied / st did/ 清辅音后读/t/，浊辅音和元音后读/d/，t和d后面读/ d/、/id/
以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词
变y为i，再加-ed
类别 构成方法 例词与发音 读音规则
plan—planned /pl nd/ stop—stopped /st pt/ 清辅音后读/t/，浊辅音和元音后读/d/，t和d后面读/ d/、
/id/
闭即关，闭音节就是辅音字母把元音字母关里面了。
以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词
双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed
类别 例词
过去式和原形一样
中间元音字母变化 i-a
i-o
以ow/aw结尾的词，把ow/ aw变成ew
结尾的d变为t
cut-cut read-read put-put
swim-swam begin-began sit-sat
ride-rode drive-drove write-wrote
draw-drew throw-threw blow-blew
build-built spend-spent lend-lent
不规则变化
类别 例词
过去式以o(a)ught结尾
以n结尾的词，在词尾加t
含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t
bring-brought teach-taught
catch-caught
mean-meant burn-burnt
learn-learnt
feel-felt smell-smelt
keep-kept
1. Did she go to the movies with her parents last night (补全否定答语)
No, ____________.
2. Eric wanted to buy something cheap.(改为一般疑问句)
_______Eric__________to buy______________cheap
she didn’t
Did want anything
Instant Training
3b Complete the conversation with the correct indefinite pronouns.
Practice
A: Did you do __________ interesting on your holiday
B: No, __________ special. How about you
A: Well, I went to Hangzhou and spent a few days there.
B: Really __________ says the scenery around the West Lake is so beautiful.
n. / si n ri/
anything
nothing
Everyone
A: It is. We had a wonderful experience.
B: Great! So, did you go there with __________
A: Yes, I went with my family. Oh! I just remembered. I got you ____________ as a gift. Here you are!
B: Wow, it’s a silk scarf. Thank you!
A: You’re welcome!
anyone
something
n. /s lk/
n. /skɑ f/
It was summer. Like _____________ else, I was ready to go on a holiday somewhere. I chose a town near my city, but _____________ could join
me, so I went by myself. When I got to the town, it started raining heavily. I could do _____________ but stay in the hotel.
3c Complete the passage with the correct indefinite pronouns.
n. /h tel/
no one
someone no one everyone something nothing everything
everyone
nothing
pron. / s mwe (r)/
adj. / redi/
be ready to do sth
pron. /ma self/
nothing but
Production
The hotel was nice, with a comfortable bed, and _____________ was very clean. I felt bored, so I decided to look for _____________ to read.
I found a book in my room and started reading by my bed. Then, I heard _____________ shout from outside, “Look at the sky! How amazing!”I got up and walked towards the window. There was a beautiful double rainbow in the sky.
n. /ska /
adj. /b d/
something
someone no one everyone something nothing everything
everything
someone
adj. / k mft bl/
prep. /t w dz; t rdz/ (=toward)
n. / re nb /
一、选词填空。
Today was a busy day at school. In the morning, we had a math test. I studied hard, so I thought I knew (1)_____________, but when I saw the questions, I felt nervous! Luckily, (2)__________ in my class found the test too difficult, so maybe I was just worried for no reason.
At lunchtime, (3)__________ was chatting happily in the dining room.
Exercises
anything everything nothing everyone no one anyone
everything
no one
everyone
I wanted to join them, but I realized I had (4)__________ to say because I was so tired. Later, in English class, the teacher asked if (5)__________ wanted to read their essay aloud. I raised my hand because I was proud of my work.
After school, I cleaned my desk and made sure everything was tidy before leaving. When I got home, my mom asked me to share (6)__________ interesting that happened today, and I happily told her everything.
anything everything nothing everyone no one anyone
nothing
anyone
anything
1. Grammar:
master the usage of indefinite pronouns and review the simple past tense
2. Words and expressions:
guide, scenery, silk, scarf, ready, somewhere, myself, hotel, comfortable, bored, sky, towards, rainbow, nothing but, ready to do sth
Summary
Thanks!
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