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选择性必修一UNIT3CONVERSATION重点单词短语
重点单词：
1.claim vt.声称；断言；主张 n.声称；（根据权利而提出的）要求
The company makes a claim that their product is the best on the market.
该公司声称他们的产品是市场上最好的。
claim on要求;索取
claim back 索回;要回
it is/was claimed that有人主张…;据说……
claim to have done sth声称做过某事
make a claim 索赔;对…提出要求
right of claim 请求权;求偿权
2.urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的 urgency n.紧急；紧急情况 urge vt.催促；极力主张 n.冲动 urgently adv.紧急地；急切地
It's urgent for students themselves to improve their self-discipline， and it's also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen the guidance.
学生提高自身的自律性是当务之急，家长和老师加强引导也是当务之急
in urgent need of急需
It is urgent for sb to do sth=It is urgent that sb(should) do sth对某人来说做某事是非常要紧的
urge sb to do sth力劝/敦促某人做某事
urge that sb(should) do sth...强烈要求极力主张某人做某事
urge(sb)on 鼓励/激励(某人)
feel an urge to do sth有做某事的冲动
3.blame vt.责怪；指责；把……归咎于 n.责任；责备
Phone devices and computer screens are to blame for the rising risk of short-sightedness among children.
手机设备和电脑屏幕是儿童近视风险上升的罪魁祸首
be to blame for sth应为某事负责或受指责(主动表被动)
blame sb for (doing)sth为(做)某事责备某人
blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人
lay/put the blame on...把责任归咎于…
take/bear the blame for... 承担……的责任
4.affect vt.影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动 affection n.喜爱 〈近〉
influence
I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life was affected.
因为我的生活质量受到了影响，我感到十分无助且缺乏安全感
be deeply affected/moved/touched by..被……深深打动/影响
be affected with 感染……疾病
have an effect/influence on/upon 对......产生影响
5.anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的 anxiously adv.焦急地；忧虑地 anxiety n.焦虑；忧虑；担心
When I was 14， I was so anxious to see more art that a friend of mine and I bicycled across the Alps to see Venice.
14岁的时候，我非常渴望观赏更多的艺术作品，以至于我和一个朋友骑着自行车穿过阿尔卑斯山去威尼斯。
be anxious for sb/about sth为某人/某事担心/忧虑
be anxious to do sth 渴望/急于做某事
be anxious for sth 渴望某事
with anxiety=anxiously焦虑地
6.threaten v.威胁到；危及；恐吓 threat n.威胁 threatening adj.有威胁性的；危险的
There should be a full examination of sources of pollution that threaten drinking water source protection zones and other key areas.
应当对威胁饮用水水源保护区和其他重点区域的污染源进行全面检查
threaten to do sth威胁要做某事
threaten sb with sth用某物威胁某人
under threat受到威胁
7.switch v.改变；转换 n.开关；改变
Perhaps your household won't entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.
也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间来做出你想要的改变
switch on把…打开;接通(=turn on)
switch off把……关掉;关上(=turn off)
switch over 转换频道;转变
switch (from.) to. (从…转变成…(从……)转换到…
switch to转换到(to为介词)
make a switch 改变
8.decrease v.（使）减少；（使）变小 n.减少；降低
The continent's vast renewable energy potential, particularly in solar power, can help decrease reliance on fossil fuel-based energy sources.
大陆巨大的可再生能源潜力，特别是太阳能，有助于减少（人们）对化石燃料能源的依赖。
decrease in..在…(方面)降低/减少
decrease to...减少到·
decrease by..减少了…
decrease from... to. 从…减少到…
9.relate vt.联系；把……与……联系起来；叙述；讲述 related adj.相关的；有（亲属）关系的 relation n.关系
A “habit loop” is a way of describing several related elements
that produce habits.
“习惯循环” 是描述产生习惯的几个相关要素的一种方式。
relate... to. 把…和……联系在一起
relate sth to sb 向某人叙述/讲述某事
relate to...和……有关联;涉及
be related to... 和……有关; 和…related adj.有联系
have no relation to sth与某事无关
in/with relation to关于;与…相比
重点短语：
10.die out 灭亡；逐渐消失
Experts have predicted that more than half of the world's 6，000 languages may die out in the next century.
专家预测，世界上6000种语言中的一半以上可能会在下个世纪消失
其他与die有关的短语
die of因……而死(疾病、饥饿等)
die from 因……而死(外伤、车祸、污染等)
die away(声音、风、光等)逐渐减弱:渐渐消失
die down (掌声、兴奋、火焰等)逐渐平息;逐渐变弱
die off相继死去
be dying for sth 渴望得到某物
be dying to do sth 渴望做某事
11.set out （to do sth） 出发；开始（做某事）
He has achieved what he set out to do three years ago.
他已经完成了3年前开始努力做的事情
其他与 set有关的短语
set off for 动身去(某地)
set aside 保留:储蓄:忽视:不顾
set about (doing sth)着手/开始(做某事)
set off动身;出发:启程:引爆(炸弹等)燃放(烟火等);引发
set down 放下;记下;制定
set up 建立;树立:搭起
微提醒:表示“出发去某地”的表达还有leave for、set out for 等
12.at risk 处于危险之中；冒风险
Their lack of training could put members of the public at risk.
他们缺乏训练，这有可能会使民众面临风险
at the risk of...冒着…的风险
take/run risks/a risk to do sth冒险做某事
risk one's life to do sth冒着生命危险做某事
risk doing 冒险做…

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