资源简介

(共33张PPT)
Grammar&Language Practice
Unit 5
Ancient Civilization
高教版中职英语基础模块二（2023修订版)
Grammar
Object Clauses---宾语从句
I know him .
2. I know who he is .
主语
谓语
宾语
主语
谓语
宾 语 从 句
连词
从句主语
从句谓语
主 句
（复合句）
（简单句）
I know him.
Do you have the time
I think (that) she is beautiful.
Why don’t you pay attention to me
宾语
位于谓语动词或者介词后
什么是宾语？
从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，
通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。
eg. We know Mr Green teaches English.
She asked if these answers were right.
二、宾语从句三要素
引导词（连接词）
语 序
时 态
一、宾语从句的概念
一、宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序,即按照“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”的顺序。
The teacher said(that)he was an honest boy.
老师说他是一个诚实的男孩。
I wonder if/whether he works hard.
我不知道他是否努力工作。
二、宾语从句的时态：
(一)如果主句是一般现在时,宾语从句可以用任意时态。例如:
He says(that)he has read this book.他说他已经读过这本书了。
He says(that)he is reading this book.他说他正在读这本书。
(二)如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）
He can go with me. He said. =He said he could go with me.
She didn't know if they had seen the movie.她不知道他们是否看过这个电影了。
注意:如果宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理或者不可改变的自然现象等,虽然主句用般过去时,从句依然用一般现在时。例如:
Our teacher told us(that)the earth goes around the sun.老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
The teacher said light travels faster than sound.老师说光比声音传播得快。
▲口诀：主现从随便，主过从必过（客观事实，真理，自然规律除外）
1. I know (that) he ___________ (join) the Party in 2000.
2. Could you tell me where he ___________(mend) his bike at that time
3. I see that they ___________ (play) football over there.
4. Tell me where he ___________ (live).
5. I want to know how long you _________ (have) this bike.
6. I hear that he ____________(come) tomorrow.
joined
was mending
are playing
lives
have had/kept
will come
根据主句，在宾语从句中填入正确的动词时态：
7.I knew that he ___________(join) the League in 2000.
8. I wanted to know how you __________ (get) on with your classmates.
9. He told me that he______________(have) this bike for three years.
10. I wondered if he ______________(come) tomorrow.
11.Our teacher told us that light ________(go) faster than sound.
12. We all knew that the moon ________(move) round the sun.
13. It was true that there ________(be) twelve months in a year.
joined
got
had had
would come
goes
moves
are
三、宾语从句的引导词
(一)由that引导的宾语从句
当宾语从句是陈述句时,用连接词that引导,that在句中无实际意义,不做句子成分,可以省略。例如:
He says(that)he has been to Beijing twice. 他说他去过北京两次。
She said (that) she went to the library last weekend. 她说她上周末去图书馆了。
that不能省略的情况
①当宾语从句的主语是that时。Eg.He says that that is a map of the city.
②当宾语从句前有插入语时。Eg. He says, in his letter, that he misses us very much.
③两个that引导的宾语从句，第二个that不能省。
Eg. He said the book was very interesting and that all the children like to read it.
④宾语从句中又包含从句。Eg.The woman said that if we cleaned the room, she would give us sugar.
⑤ it 做形式宾语。用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时（ it常可以放在动词think, find, consider, believe, feel, make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语——that从句则放在句尾）
I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.
We heard it that she would get married next month.
(二)由wh-类词引导的宾语从句.
当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,特殊疑问词可以直接用作引导词,因为它同时兼具连接词或连接副词的功能。而且,它在句中有实际意义,做子成分,不可以省略。
例如:
Could you please tell me when we will have a sports meeting 你能告诉我我们将在化么时候开运动会吗
I wondered what Ishould do nex.我想知道下一步该做什么。
以 wh- 疑问词或 how 引导的宾语从句与动词不定式可相互转换:
疑问代词 who, what, which 及疑问副词 when, where, why 等和动词不定式连用，构成动词不定式短语。
I didn’t know what to do.=I didn’t know what I should do.
The policeman showed us where to go.=The policeman showed us where we should go.
Can you tell me how to make a kite =Can you tell me how I can make a kite
I don’t know what I can say next. =
I don’t know what to say next.
He doesn’t know where he can make a phone call.=
He doesn’t know where to make a phone call.
主句和从句的主语为同一人，宾语从句可转换为动词不定式结构。如下所示：
1. He asked _____________________________.
2. Do you know_________________________
3. He asked_______________________________.
4. Do you know _________________________
5. Please tell me _____________.
6. Can you tell me ________________________
7. Could you tell me ______________________
who could answer the question
whom they are waiting for
whose bike was the best in the class
when we’ll have a meeting
where he is
how I can get to the station
why the train is late
由疑问代词 Who, whom, whose, which, what
和疑问副词 where, how, why, when引导的宾从
代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。
(三)由 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句
1.当宾语从句为一般疑问句时,用if或 whether 引导,意为“是否”。if 和 whether 只连接作用,不做句子成分,不可以省略。常用在ask, know， wonder, can (could) you tell me 等后。
Are you a student Please tell me.= Please tell me if /whether you are a student.
I want to know if/whether my elder sister is waiting for me,我想知道我姐姐是否在等我。
Could you tell me if/whether you have been to ltaly.你能告诉我你是否去过意大利吗,
2.下列情况下的宾语从句只能用 whether 引导。
(1)与or not 连用时。例如:
I don't know whether he likes the book or not.我不知道他是否喜欢这本书。
(2)做介词的宾语时。例如:
Everything depends on whether we have enough money.一切取决于我们是否有足够的钱
(3) 在不定式前 They asked me whether to go skating.
(4) 宾语从句在句首；
if / whether
1. I asked her __________ she had a bike.
2. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.
3. I wonder ___________ he is well.
4. I don’t know ________ or not he is well.
5. I don’t know _______ to go.
if / whether
whether
whether /if
whether
whether
牛刀小试
四.注意宾语从句中的否定转移。
在宾语从句中，当主句的谓语动词是think，believe，imagine，suppose，consider，guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,则从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反意疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。如:
I don't think she is right.
I don't believe that he will come on time.
用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
具备两个条件：①真正的宾语是不定式，动名词或从句；② 有宾语补足语。
句型为：主语+谓语动词(find,think,make,feel,consider等)+it+宾补+that引导的宾语从句
I find it pleasant to work with him.
宾语从句的虚拟语气
若主句的谓语是suggest / order / demand / insist /require等词，从句用虚拟语气，形式为(should)+动原
The captain ordered that they should start at once.
真题演练
1.(2019年山东春季高)---Could you tell me__________for the coming summer vacation
-----I’ll join a summer camp in Xi'an.
A.what did you do B.what you did
C.what will you do D. what you will do
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。A、C两项不是陈述句语序;根据答语可知问句也应该用将来时。 本题的关键词是coming,表示事情还没做,所以宾语从句用将来时态且用陈述语序。
2.(2020年山东春季高考) I wonder__________I could recognize him or not after so many years
A. Whether B. where C.why D.when
【答案】 A
【解析】 本题考查宾语从句。句意:“我想知道这么多年后我是否能认出他。本题的关键词是or not，whether...or not是固定搭配。
3.(2022年山东春季高考)---LiLing, could you tell me _____________the new T-shirt
---I bought it in a shop on the Internet.
A. where did you buy B. where will you buy
C. where you bought D. where you will buy
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。一般从三个方面对宾语从句进行考查:连接词;从句语序;从句时态。本题的连词应用where;宾语从句应使用陈述句语序;答语中的动词bought 为 bus的过去式形式,所以从句应用一般过去时态。根据上下文动词时态一致原则,确定从句应用一般过去时态,且从句要使陈述句语序。
4. (2023年山东春季高考）They were wondering__________the birthday party and I suggested a Sichun restaurant.
A.if they would hold B.where they would hold
C.if would they hold D.where would they hold
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查宾语从句。本题的连词应用where;宾语从句应使用陈述句语序;句子后面的动词suggested 过去式形式,所以从句应用一般过去时态。根据上下文动词时态一致原则,确定从句应用一般过去时态,且从句要使陈述句语序。

宾语从句
三要素
时 态
引导词（连接词）
语 序
Summary (小结）
Language Practice
宾语从句
Did you know that the Silk Road was neither an actual road nor a single route
Strong evidence suggests that Greece was introduced to silk products from China in the 6th century BC.
Could you tell me where the Silk Road exhibition is
I wonder whether there’re any volunteer guides for the exhibition or not.
Grammar
读以下句子，标出宾语从句。
Read and underline.
1) The book describes how Bi Sheng invented clay types in the 11th century.
2) I don’t know if there will be an exhibition in the museum tomorrow.
3) I’ve learned in class that culture is part of a civilization.
4) He explained why the Silk Road was so important at that time.
5) Do you know who made the first printing machine
6) History tells us that mutual learning was important between different civilizations.
选择适当的引导词，完成宾语从句。
Read and complete.
1) The picture shows 　　　　　 (how / whose) paper was made in ancient China.
2) Do you know 　　　　　 (whom / who) was the inventor of the first computer
3) He asked me 　　　　　 (if / that) I had read The Travels of Marco Polo.
4) I found 　　　　　 (that / what) all the tickets for the exhibition had been sold out.
5) Could you tell me 　　　　　 (when / what) was used to build the Great Wall
6) I wonder 　　　　　 (whether / if) the newly-designed device will work or not.
how
who
if
that
what
whether
Choose and complete.
Sam: I heard 1)　　　　　　　　　　.
Linda: Yeah. I went there with Lucy.
Sam: I don’t know 2)　　　　　　　　　　.
Linda: Actually, we went there to see an exhibition of the Silk Road.
Sam: Oh, I remembered 3)　　　　　　　　　　.
Linda: Exactly. She wanted to get more information for her paper.
Sam: I see. Tell me 4)　　　　　　　　　　.
Linda: It was wonderful! And there were many visitors in the hall …
Sam: I wonder if 5)　　　　　　　　　　.
Linda: No problem!
Lucy was writing a paper about the Silk Road
I could go there with you next time
you went to the History Museum yesterday
What the exhibition was like
you like those ancient artifacts
C
E
A
D
B
选择合适的句子补全对话，注意句中宾语从句的用法。
选择合适的短语，用其适当形式补全句子。
Choose and complete.
1) I was most its special design.
2) were originated in ancient Greece.
3) Art of paper-cut is a traditional folk art which .
at least 1 500 years ago.
4) He often some art treasure in the market.
5) The temple was made by the ancient Greeks 2 400 years ago.
as early as
date back to
attract to
search for
the Olympic Games
attracted to
The Olympic Games
dates back to
searches for
as early as
用所给单词的适当形式补全短文。
Read and complete.
Last night, I watched a TV show about the Silk Road. For the first time,
I knew that the Silk Road was not a single route. 1) 　　 　　 , it was
a network of ancient trade routes which 2) 　　　 　 different countries. People along the road 3) 　　　 　 goods as well as
information and technology. The entire road was such a 4) .　　　　
that it 5) 　　　 　 the development of all the countries along the
road.
boost
link
actual
treasure
exchange
Actually
linked
exchanged
treasure
boosted
作业
1.背诵“宾语从句”的笔记
2. 完成本课的同步练习

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