资源简介 专题02名词性从句(目录01知识脑图·学科框架速建02考点精析·知识能力全解【知能解读01】名词性从句概述【知能解读02】连词if和whether表示“是否”的区别【知能解读03】含感叹句的宾语从句的用法03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破【重难点突破01】连接词that和what的区别【重难点突破02】两种同位语从句的用法【重难点突破03】it作形式主语/宾语的名词性从句04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗【易混易错01】虚拟语气在名词性从句的用法【易混易错02】wh-ever类引导词在名词性从句的用法【易混易错03】名词性从句中的时态照应05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解【方法技巧】括号法—应对阅读理解长难句中名词性从句)01 名词性从句概述名词性从句:名词性从句指的是在句子中起名词作用的句子,其功能相当于名词词组。类型:根据功能,名词性从句分主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。连词:引导名词性从句的连词有that, if, whether, because。连接代词:引导词性从句的连接代词有who(ever), what(ever), whom(ever), whose, which(ever),等。连接副词:when, where, why, how等02 连词if和whether表示“是否”的区别1.引导主语从句且从句位于句首时,只用whether。Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 她来不来都没有关系。2.引导表语从句时,只用whether。The question is whether we can finish it on time. 问题是我们能否按时完成。3.引导宾语从句且与or not直接连用时,只用whether。Can you tell me whether or not the train has left 你能告诉我火车是否已经离开了?4.后接不定式时,只用whether。Whether to take the job offer is up to you.是否接受这份工作由你决定。5.位于介词之后时,只用whether。It all depends on whether they will support us.这完全取决于他们是否支持我们。6.引导同位语从句时,只用whether。They raised the question whether we ought to call in a specialist. 们提出了我们是否应请专家来的问题。7.引导宾语从句且不与or not直接连用时,if和whether均可。Please tell me if/whether you will go to the lectures tomorrow or not. 请告诉我你明天是否去听讲座。【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. (2023新课标I卷)To eat one, you have to decide whether __________ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.【答案】to bite【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”,用不定式作宾语,空处与后面to put并列作宾语,故填to bite。2. (2022浙江1月卷)Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely.【答案】if/whether【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:对于她的出席,Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句,宾语从句句意不完整,whether/if“是否”符合语境,故填whether或if。3. It remains to be seen__________ the new regulations will lead to better compliance among all employees.【答案】whether【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:新规定是否会导致所有员工更好地遵守规定还有待观察。分析句子结构,it为形式主语,空处引导主语从句,从句不缺成分,引导词表示“是否”,需用连接词whether引导。故填whether。4. It is still unknown __________ the medicine will be effective to human beings.【答案】whether【解析】考查主语从句。句意:这种药对人体是否有效还不得而知。由句意此处表示“是否”且引导主语从句,应用引导词whether,It作形式主语,whether引导的从句作真正的主语。故填whether。5. It makes no difference to me__________ you like it or not.【答案】whether【解析】考查主语从句。句意:你喜不喜欢对我来说都无所谓。It是形式主语,空处引导一个主语从句,作真正的主语,表示“是否”,且后有or not,所以使用whether引导,whether...or not是固定搭配,意为“是否”。故填whether。6. It matters little __________ or not he comes here because he doesn’t belong to our team.【答案】whether【解析】考查主语从句。句意:他来不来没什么关系,因为他不属于我们队。It为形式主语,空处引导名词性从句作真正的主语,结合“or not”可知,空处需表达“是否”,应用连接词whether作引导词,固定搭配whether or not…通常用于询问某件事情是真是假、发生与否或存在与否。故填whether。7. As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question __________ there is life on other planets.【答案】whether【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:随着我们对宇宙了解的增多,我们也许有一天能回答其他星球上是否有生命这个问题。分析句子结构可知,空格后是同位语从句,解释说明“the question”的具体内容,从句结构完整,且表示“是否”的含义,应用连接词whether来引导。故填whether。8. There is some doubt __________ it is wise to depend completely on the ratings in consumption.【答案】whether【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:完全依赖消费评级是否明智还有些疑问。设空处引导同位语从句,对doubt内容进行解释和说明,在带有doubt的肯定句式中,doubt后的同位语从句用连接词whether“是否”引导,表示“对……持有疑问”。故填whether。9. There is some doubt __________ one day humans will find cures to deal with deadly diseases, such as cancer and blood diseases.【答案】whether【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:是否有一天人类会找到治疗致命疾病的方法,如癌症和血液疾病,还有些疑问。doubt意思为:怀疑,空处引导同位语从句,说明怀疑的内容,表示“是否”用whether。故填whether。10. It doesn’t matter __________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.【答案】whether【解析】考查主语从句。句意:在这家商店你用现金还是用信用卡付款都没关系。句中it是形式主语,空格处引导的是主语从句,由or可知,空格处是whether,whether...or...是固定搭配,意为“是……还是……”,因此空格处用whether引导主语从句,故填whether。03含感叹句的宾语从句的用法1.主句+what+a(n)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语。注意点:保持感叹句陈述语序;what的中心名词必须是名词;名词区分不可数名词以及可数名词单复数。She said what a lovely song it was. 她说那是一首多么动听的歌啊。I know what an interesting book you have bought! 我知道你买了一本多么有趣的书!2.主句+how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。She thought how beautiful the city was. 她认为这座城市多么美丽。We are talking about how amazing the movie is. 我们在谈论这部电影有多精彩。【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _______ close you may be to victory.【答案】how【解析】考查含感叹句的宾语从句的用法。句意:不要让任何失败使你气馁,因为你永远不知道自己离胜利可能有多近。how是感叹副词,后接形容词。2. Sorry I’m so late, but you cannot imagine _____great trouble I took to find your house.【答案】what【解析】考查含感叹句的宾语从句的用法。句意:抱歉,我迟到了这么久,但你无法想象我费了多大劲才找到你家。what是感叹形容词,中心词是名词。3. You can hardly imagine ______ excited he was when he heard the news.【答案】how【解析】考查含感叹句的宾语从句的用法。句意:你几乎无法想象他听到这个消息时有多兴奋。how是感叹副词,后接形容词。4. _______some teenagers don't realize is _______difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.【答案】What; how【解析】考查含感叹句的宾语从句的用法。句意:一些青少年没有意识到的是,他们染上毒瘾后生活可能会变得多么艰难。第一空是主语从句,缺少引导词和宾语;第二空how是感叹副词,后接形容词difficult。5. We all know __________ quickly time passes when we’re having fun.【答案】how【解析】考查含感叹句的宾语从句的用法。句意:我们都知道,当我们玩得开心的时候,时间过得有多快。从句为 “how + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语” 结构(how quickly time passes),强调副词 “quickly”。01连接词that和what的区别1. that是纯连接词,在从句中不充当任何句子成分,也无实意,仅仅起到连接作用。That humans evolved from apes is widely accepted by scientists.(that引导主语从句,且位于句首)人类是由猿进化而来的,这一观点被科学家们广泛接受。It is obvious that he has no experience in this field. (that引导主语从句,it是形式主语)很明显,他在这个领域没有经验。The teacher emphasized that students should review their notes regularly. (that引导宾语从句)老师强调学生应该定期复习笔记。The fact is that we need more time to prepare. (that引导表语从句)事实是我们需要更多时间来准备。The news that the team won the championship spread quickly.(that引导同位语从句)团队赢得冠军的消息很快就传开了。2. what是连接代词,可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。what既起连接作用又作句子成分,如主语、宾语、表语和定语。巧记:what相当于the+名词+that…从句。What he said at the meeting surprised everyone. (what引导主语从句且在从句作宾语)他在会议上说的话让所有人都很惊讶。I don’t understand what you’re trying to prove. (what引导宾语从句且在从句作宾语)我不明白你想证明什么。She is worried about what might happen next. (what引导宾语从句且在从句作主语)她担心接下来会发生什么。He is not what he was ten years ago. (what引导表语从句且在从句作表语)他不再是十年前的他了。What few visitors we have are always made welcome. (what引导主语从句且在从句作定语)对不多的游客我们也表示欢迎。【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.(2024新课标I卷) On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in _________ is now northwestern Wyoming.【答案】what【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:1870年9月中旬,在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚,四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松,这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语,is前缺主语,指物,主语用what引导宾语从句,作介词in的宾语,故填what。2. (2024浙江1月卷) If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s _________ they’ll promote.【答案】what【解析】考查表语从句。句意:如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买,那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语,且是指事物,所以应用连接代词what。故填what。3. (2023天津3月卷) People who value their privacy are concerned about _________Google might do with the information it is gathering.【答案】what【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:重视隐私的人担心谷歌可能会对其收集的信息做些什么。分析句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句。宾语从句中缺少宾语,表示“谷歌可能做的事情”,所以用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。4. (2021全国I卷) _____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.【答案】What【解析】考查主语从句。句意为:这段经历让人叹为观止的是那些超凡脱俗的场景。引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,表示"……的东西",故填What。5. (2021年天津卷) It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be.【答案】what【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:似乎我已经成为了我父母希望我成为的人。动词become后面是宾语从句,从句缺少引导词,且从句中的be缺少表语,所填词应该起双重作用。故填what。6. (2021全国I卷) _____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.【答案】what【解析】考查主语从句。句意为:这段经历让人叹为观止的是那些超凡脱俗的场景。引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,表示"……的东西",故填What。7. (2020·天津卷) The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor Joseph had said.【答案】what【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实,这个学生完成了这个实验。_________ Professor Joseph had said作make的宾语从句,该从句中,空处在从句中作said的宾语,表示”……所说的话”,因此应用what引导该从句。故填what。8. (2020年浙江卷) Over thousands of years,they began to depend less on ______ could be hunted or gathered from the wild,and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.【答案】what【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:在几千年的时间里,他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖,而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子,宾语从句部分缺主语,所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意,此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。9.(2020天津卷) The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor Joseph had said.【答案】what【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实,这个学生完成了这个实验。_________ Professor Joseph had said作make的宾语从句,该从句中,空处在从句中作said的宾语,表示”……所说的话”,因此应用what引导该从句。故填what。10.(2019全国I卷) While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.【答案】that【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知,主句为there be句型,且结构完整,空格后为同位语从句,解释说明中心词evidence的内容,故填that。02 两种同位语从句的用法1.“名词+ that…”型同位语从句名词fact, news, truth, doubt, belief, thought, problem等词后接从句,对名词做进一步解释说明,连接词只能用that,且不能省略。有时名词和同位语从句被谓语等分割开来。The news that our team won the game is true.我们队赢了比赛的消息是真的。The suggestion that we (should) hold a meeting was accepted.我们应该开会的建议被接受了。Word came that he had been admitted to Beijing University.消息传来他已经被北京大学录取了。2.“名词+wh-…”型同位语从句have no idea后面常接who, what, when等wh-类连接词引导的同位语从句表示“不清楚……”I have no idea when he will come back.我不知道他什么时候回来。He has no idea whether the meeting has been cancelled.他不知道会议是否已被取消。【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. The rising house prices in most cities have aroused concern among young migrant workers __________ they can’t afford themselves a house.【答案】that【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:大多数城市不断上涨的房价引起了年轻外来务工人员的担忧,他们担心自己无法负担住房成本。空处引导名词性从句作concern的同位语,同位语从句的成分和语义均完整,应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。2. As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question __________ there is life on other planets.【答案】whether【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:随着我们对宇宙了解的增多,我们也许有一天能回答其他星球上是否有生命这个问题。分析句子结构可知,空格后是同位语从句,解释说明“the question”的具体内容,从句结构完整,且表示“是否”的含义,应用连接词whether来引导。故填whether。3. There is some doubt __________ the weather will be good enough for the outdoor event.【答案】whether【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:对于天气是否足够好以举行户外活动,还存在一些疑问。空处引导同位语从句,解释说明doubt的具体内容,从句不缺成分,引导词表示“是否”,应用连接词whether引导。故填whether。4. I have no idea __________ will be in charge of the company.【答案】who【解析】考查连接代词。句意:我不知道谁将负责这家公司。空处为同位语从句,缺少主语,表示“谁”,用连接代词who。故填who。5. The proposal __________ we should raise public awareness of heritage protection is worth considering.【答案】that【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:我们应该提高公众对遗产保护的认识的建议值得考虑。空格处引导同位语从句,对名词proposal的内容进行解释和说明,从句基本成分完整,上下文意思连贯,用连词that引导。故填that。6. Astronomers have long held the firm belief __________ there are other livable planets in the vast universe.【答案】that【解析】考查连接词。句意:长期以来,天文学家一直坚信,在浩瀚的宇宙中存在着其他宜居行星。空处引导同位语从句,对名词belief进行解释,从句句意和句子结构完整,连接词为that,that在从句中不充当任何成分。故填that。7. There is no doubt __________ you are experienced in presenting your ideas, because of your abundant skills.【答案】that【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:毫无疑问,你在表达自己的想法方面经验丰富,因为你有丰富的技能。空处引导名词性从句作doubt的同位语,同位语从句的成分和语义均完整,应用连接词that作引导词,构成句型there is no doubt that...“毫无疑问……”。故填that。8. The question remains __________ the new policy will have a positive impact on the economy in the long run.【答案】whether【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:新政策是否会对经济产生长远的积极影响的问题依然存在。“the new policy will have a positive impact on the economy in the long run”是对名词The question内容的解释说明,是同位语从句,结合句意,表示“是否”,应用whether引导该从句,故填whether。9. You have no idea __________ anxious I have been for her safety.【答案】how【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:你不知道我有多担心她的安全。空处引导名词性从句作idea的同位语,从句中缺少修饰anxious的程度状语,应用连接副词how作引导词,表示“多么”。故填how。10. I have no idea __________ the boy is doing in the next room now.【答案】what【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:我不知道那个男孩现在正在隔壁房间做什么。根据空前I have no idea和空后the boy is doing可知,“_____ the boy is doing in the next room now”为“idea”的同位语从句,且从句中缺少宾语,表示“什么”,应用连接代词what引导。故填what。03 it作形式主语/宾语的名词性从句1. It + be +名词+从句常用于该句型的名词有honour, duty, pity, fact等,it作形式主语,后面的that从句是真正的主语。It is a fact that the earth revolves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转是一个事实。It is a pity that you missed the wonderful concert. 你错过了那场精彩的音乐会,真可惜。2. It + be +形容词+从句常用于该句型的形容词有natural, important, strange, vital等,it作形式主语,后面的that从句是真正的主语。It is natural that he should be nervous in such an important exam. 在如此重要的考试中,他会紧张是很自然的。It is necessary that we should learn a foreign language. 我们有必要学习一门外语。3. It + be +过去分词+从句常用于该句型的过去分词有said, announced, reported, declared等,it作形式主语,后面的that从句是真正的主语。It is reported that there was an earthquake in that area last night. 据报道,昨晚那个地区发生了地震。It has been proved that this theory is correct. 已经证实这个理论是正确的。4. It +不及物动词+从句常用于该句型的动词有seem, appear, happen等,it作形式主语,后面的that从句是真正的主语。It happened that I was out when he called. 他打电话时我碰巧出去了。It appears that they have made a decision. 似乎他们已经做了决定。5. find + it +形容词/名词+从句常用于该句型的动词有find, think, consider, make, feel等,it作形式宾语,后面的that从句是真正的宾语。I find it important that we should protect the environment. 我发现我们保护环境是很重要的。She thinks it necessary that we should learn English well. 她认为我们学好英语是有必要的。The teacher made it clear that we should finish our homework on time. 老师明确表示我们应该按时完成作业。6. 动词短语+ it +that从句常用于该句型的动词短语有depend on, rely on, count on, answer for等,it作形式宾语,后面的that从句是真正的宾语。You may depend on it that he will come to help you. 你可以相信他会来帮助你的。You must answer for it that you have made such a mistake. 你必须为你犯的这样一个错误负责。7. 动词+ it +从句常用于该句型的动词短语有like, hate, appreciate等,it作形式宾语,后面的从句是真正的宾语。I don't like it when people talk with their mouths full. 我不喜欢人们满嘴食物说话。I would appreciate it if you could help me. 如果你能帮助我,我将不胜感激。【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. ___________was disturbing that she was being looked after by a robot who seemed more like a human.【答案】It【详解】考查代词。句意:令人不安的是,照顾她的是一个看起来更像人类的机器人。本空作形式主语,that引导的主语从句为真正的主语,所以用it,位于句首,首字母大写。故填It。2. So the tourism authorities in Shanxi and Shandong provinces find ___________ a must to promote their enriched tourism resources on social media.【答案】it【详解】考查it的用法。句意:因此,山西和山东两省的旅游部门发现在社交媒体上推广他们丰富的旅游资源是很有必要的。此处为“动词 + it + 宾语补足语 + 不定式”结构,其中it作形式宾语,不定式短语“to promote their enriched tourism resources on social media”为真正的宾语。故填it。3. After all, the terrible present situation makes ___________ difficult for us to complete the task on time.【答案】it【详解】考查代词。句意:毕竟,糟糕的现状让我们很难按时完成任务。make it + adj. + (for sb.) + to do…是固定搭配,其中it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面动词不定式;句中用it作形式宾语,来代替后面的真正宾语to complete the task on time。故填it。4. ___________ is believed that with the help of high technology, our life will be convenient.【答案】It【详解】考查it的用法。句意:人们相信,在高科技的帮助下,我们的生活会变得便利。分析句子可知,这里考查it is believed that... ,表“人们相信……”,为固定句型,其中it为形式主语,that后为主语从句,且句首时首字母应大写。故填It。5. I rely on ___________ that tomorrow will be better.【答案】it【详解】考查it的用法。句意:我相信明天会更好。rely on后接宾语从句时,需用形式宾语it,然后接宾语从句。故填it。6. We always take ___________ for granted that our parents do everything for us without asking anything in return.【答案】it【详解】考查代词。句意:我们总是认为父母为我们做任何事都是理所当然的,而不要求任何回报。此处是固定搭配:take it for granted that意为“理所当然地认为”,其中it为形式宾语。故填it。7. I hate ___________ when they talk with their mouths full of food.【答案】it【详解】考查代词。句意:我讨厌他们嘴里塞满食物说话。“when they talk with their mouths full of food”是hate的宾语,作宾语从句,空格处用it作形式宾语,故填it。8. ___________ never occurred to him to turn to anyone for help when he failed in doing business.【答案】It【详解】考查代词。句意:他做生意失败时,从未想过要向任何人求助。it occurs/occurred to sb. to do sth.为固定句型,意为“某人想到做某事”,其中it为形式主语,真正的主语为不定式,句首单词,首字母大写。故填It。9. I’d appreciate ___________ if you could put yourself in my shoes and tell me how I can, deal with it.【答案】it【详解】考查it用法。句意:要是你能设身处地为我着想,并且告诉我该如何处理这件事的话,我将不胜感激。分析句子可知,appreciate表示“感激;感谢” 时,通常不直接跟宾语从句,而是用 “appreciate it + if /when 从句”这种结构,其中it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的“if /when” 引导的从句。故填it。10. I hate it ___________ the weather becomes freezing cold because there is no heater inside.【答案】when【详解】考查it作形式宾语when引导的从句作真正的宾语。句意:我讨厌天气变冷的时候,因为里面没有暖气。由句意及空前的I hate it可知此处为I hate it/like it/appreciate it/dislike it...+when/if从句的结构,其中it作形式宾语,when/if引导的从句作真正的宾语,结合句意此处应用when引导的从句作真正的宾语,故填when。01 虚拟语气在名词性从句的用法一、宾语从句中的虚拟语气1. I wish that…后的宾语从句,表示与现在事实相反,从句谓语用一般过去时;与过去事实相反用过去完成时。I wish I were a bird. 我希望我是一只鸟。She wishes she had studied harder. 她希望自己当初学习更努力。2. would rather that…后的宾语从句表示 “宁愿某人做某事”, 表示与现在或将来事实相反,从句谓语用一般过去时;与过去事实相反用过去完成时。I'd rather you came tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天来。She'd sooner he hadn't said that. 她宁愿他没说过那样的话。3. 表示建议、要求、命令等动词后的宾语从句,从句谓语动词用 “should +动词原形”,should可省略。常见动词:suggest, recommend, demand, require, insist, order, propose等。The teacher suggested that we (should) read more books. 老师建议我们多读些书。He insisted that she (should) accept the offer. 他坚持让她接受这个提议。二、主语从句中的虚拟语气1. It is +形容词+ that从句,从句谓语动词用 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略。常见形容词:necessary, important, essential, urgent, advisable, natural, strange 等。It is necessary that we (should) protect the environment. 我们有必要保护环境。It is strange that he (should) refuse the invitation. 他竟然拒绝邀请,真奇怪。2. It is +过去分词+ that 从句,从句谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”,should可省略。常见过去分词:suggested, recommended, required, demanded, ordered, proposed等。It was suggested that the meeting (should) be postponed. 有人建议会议延期。The leader urged that all members (should) attend the meeting. 领导力劝所有成员参加会议。三、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气1.当主语是suggestion, recommendation, demand, requirement, order, proposal 等名词时,表语从句谓语动词用 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略。My suggestion is that we (should) start early. 我的建议是我们应该早点出发。His demand is that the work (should) be finished by Friday. 他的要求是这项工作在周五前完成。2. suggestion, recommendation, demand, requirement, order, proposal 等名词进行解释时,同位语从句谓语动词用 “should + 动词原形”,should可省略。We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go on a picnic. 我们都同意他去野餐的建议。The order that we (should) evacuate immediately was given. 立即疏散的命令已经下达。四、其他特殊结构中的虚拟语气It's (high/about) time +that从句,表示 “该做某事了”,从句谓语动词用过去式或should+动词原形,should不可省略。It's high time we went home. 我们该回家了。It's about time you should start studying. 你该开始学习了。【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. It is requested that some measures ___________ (take) to stop “white pollution”.【答案】should be taken/be taken【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:有人要求采取一些措施来制止“白色污染”。此处为It is requested that句型,从句需用虚拟语气,谓语用“should+动词原形”,且与主语之间为被动关系。故填(should) be taken。2. It was proposed that the house ___________ (preserve) as it had been when the great writer lived in it.【答案】should be preserved/be preserved【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:有人提议,这座房子应该保持它在那位伟大的作家居住时的样子。句中It是形式主语,that引导从句作真正的主语,主句中包含动词propose,则从句应该使用should do的虚拟语气,其中should可以省略,且结合语意,房子应该是被保护的,所以应使用被动语态。故填should be preserved/be preserved。3. As a parent, it is vital that you ___________ (teach) your child the value of money.【答案】should teach/teach【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:作为父母,教导孩子金钱的价值是至关重要的。it is vital that sb. (should) do sth.是固定句型,意为“某人做某事是至关重要的”,其中it是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句,因此空格处使用虚拟语气,为(should) teach,故填(should) teach。4. It is highly recommended that this book ___________ (revise) before getting published.【答案】be revised/should be revised【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:强烈建议这本书在出版前修改一下。空处应填从句谓语动词,由句意及句中的It is highly recommended that可知此处为表示建议、要求、命令的动词之后的虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用,此时that从句的谓语动词应用(should)+动词原形,从句主语this book与revise之间为被动关系,谓语动词应用被动语态,故填should be revised/be revised。5. The engineer suggested that a new bridge ___________ (build) across the river to ease the traffic pressure.【答案】should be built/be built【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:这位工程师建议在河上新建一座桥,以缓解交通压力。主语与谓语构成被动关系,且suggest后跟宾语从句时需用虚拟语气,谓语用should+动词原形,故填(should) be built。6. How I wish I ___________ (follow) your advice yesterday.【答案】had followed【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我要是昨天听了你的劝告就好了。主句I wish后跟宾语从句,表示愿望,从句动作发生在过去,需用过去完成时(had + 过去分词)表达与过去事实相反的假设。故填had followed。7. The physician insisted that the lady ___________ (be) seriously ill and that she ___________ (operate) on immediately.【答案】was, be operated/should be operated【详解】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意:医生坚持说那位女士病情严重,并主张她应该立即接受手术。根据句子分析可知,空1:此处insist意为“坚持说,坚持认为”,故引导的that从句应用陈述语气,主语为the lady,为单数,此处作谓语动词,根据前文insisted可知,此处应用一般过去时,故填was;空2:此处insist意为“坚持主张”,故其引导的that从句应用虚拟语气,谓语动词应用(should)+do,且主语为she,与operate之间为被动关系,故应用(should)+be operated。故填was,(should) be operated。8. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ___________ (break).【答案】were broken【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:当一支铅笔的一部分放在一杯水里时,它看起来好像断了。根据句意,此处考查as if引导的表语从句的虚拟语气, 表示与现在事实相反的情况,应用一般过去时,be动词使用were。故填were broken。9. The authority made a proposal that young people ___________ (give) more opportunities to be promoted to higher positions.【答案】should be given/be given【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:当局建议给年轻人更多晋升到更高职位的机会。proposal表示“建议”,其后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气,即从句谓语使用“(should)+ 动词原形”,其中should可以省略。young people与give之间是被动关系,意为“年轻人被给予更多机会”,所以用被动语态,即(should) be given。故填(should) be given。10. The government made an official request that the meeting ___________ (put) off.【答案】(should) be put【详解】考查名词性从句和虚拟语气。句意:政府正式要求推迟会议。request后接同位语从句,该从句需用虚拟语气,其结构为“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。由于主语meeting与put off为被动关系,所以用“(should) be done”的结构。故填(should) be put。02 wh-ever类引导词在名词性从句的用法1. whatever 强调内容,意为“无论什么”,相当于anything that; 引导主语从句、宾语从句或让步状语从句,作主语、宾语。She will eat whatever is available. 她会吃任何能找到的东西。Whatever you say cannot change the fact. 你说什么都无法改变事实。2. whichever强调特定范围内的选择,意为“无论哪一个”;引导主语从句、宾语从句或让步状语从句,多作主语、宾语、定语。Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize. 你们谁第一个到达这里谁就获奖。3. whoever引导名词性从句,相当于anyone who,在从句作主语。Whoever breaks the window must pay for it. 无论谁打破窗户都必须赔偿。4. whomever引导名词性从句,意为“无论是谁”,在从句作宾语。The coach will select whomever he thinks is suitable. 教练会挑选他认为合适的任何人。【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. There is no escape from the long arm of the law. ___________breaks the law will sooner or later be caught and will be punished.【答案】Whoever【详解】考查主语从句。句意:法律的长臂无处不在。任何违法的人迟早会被抓住并受到惩罚。空处引导主语从句,表示 “无论谁”,用whoever引导主语从句,首字母大写。故填Whoever。2. ___________ does wrong to his country or to the people deserves punishment.【答案】Whoever【详解】考查主语从句。句意:凡是对国家或人民做错事的人,都应受到惩罚。此处引导主语从句,从句缺少主语,指人,表示“无论谁”,应用whoever引导,句首单词首字母大写,故填Whoever。3. Your support is important to our work, for ___________ you can do helps.【答案】whatever【详解】考查主语从句。句意:你们的支持对我们的工作很重要,因为无论你们做什么都会有所帮助。for引导原因状语从句,设空处引导主语从句,表示“无论什么”,应用whatever,并在从句中作do的宾语。故填whatever。4. ___________ is the last one to leave the classroom should turn off the lights.【答案】Whoever【详解】考查主语从句。句意:最后一个离开教室的人应该关灯。分析句子可知,空处引导主语从句,从句缺少主语,引导词意为“无论是谁”,应用连接代词whoever引导,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Whoever。5. Parents in China spend ___________ it takes to give their kids an edge, but sometimes they just blindly follow a trend and over-schedule their children.【答案】whatever【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:中国父母愿意花费一切代价让孩子拥有优势,但有时他们只是盲目跟风,给孩子安排过多任务。本空引导宾语从句,在从句中作takes的宾语,表示 “无论什么(代价)”,用连接代词whatever引导。故填whatever。6. The gold medal will be awarded to ___________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.【答案】whoever【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。句意:金牌将颁发给在自行车比赛中获得第一名的人。介词to后接宾语从句,从句中wins the first place缺少主语,表示“无论谁”获得第一名,强调“任何一个人”的概念,因此用引导词whoever引导宾语从句,在从句中作主语,相当于“anyone who”。故填whoever。7. To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions _________ had used the products.【答案】whoever。【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。ask sb for suggestions表示“征求某人建议”,后面宾语从句缺少主语。故答案是whoever。8. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose __________suits you best.【答案】whichever。【详解】考查宾语从句引导词。whichever强调特定范围内的选择,多作主语、宾语、定语。故答案是whichever。03名词性从句中的时态照应1. 主句谓语动词是现在或将来时,从句谓语动词可以用任何需要的时态。I think he has finished his homework. 我认为他已经完成了他的作业。I'll tell you what I will be doing at 8 o'clock tomorrow. 我会告诉你明天8点我将在做什么。2. 主句谓语动词是一般过去时,从句谓语动词需用相应的过去时态。She said that she would go to Paris next week. 她说她下周要去巴黎。She told me that she was watching TV at 8 o'clock last night. 她告诉我她昨晚8点在看电视。3. 主句谓语动词是一般过去时,从句表示客观真理时其时态不用改变。The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun. 老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。Our physics teacher said that light travels faster than sound. 我们的物理老师说光比声音传播得快。【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan ___________ (carry out) in the past two years.【答案】had been carried out【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:上个月我被派到村里去看看过去两年的发展计划是如何实施的。本空为how引导的宾语从句的谓语,carry out“实施”这一动作发生在was sent之前,时态用过去完成时,主语the development plan和carry out为被动关系,需用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been carried out。2. In order to hide his sadness, he talked and laughed as if nothing ___________ (happen).【答案】had happened【详解】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意:为了掩饰自己的悲伤,他谈笑风生,好像什么都没发生过。由talked and laughed可知,as if引导的从句表示与过去相反的事实,时态用过去完成时,因此空格处是had happened。故填had happened。3. I wonder when Mr Brown ___________ (arrive). When he ___________ (arrive), I’ll tell him the news at once.【答案】will arrive, arrives【详解】考查动词和时态。句意:我想知道布朗先生什么时候到。当他到达时,我会立即告诉他这个消息。第一句when从句是宾语从句,结合语境可知,此处表示“将来的动作”应用一般将来时;第二句when从句是时间状语从句,因此应考虑使用“主将从现”。故填will arrive; arrives。4. The result was opposite to what I ___________ (assume).【答案】had assumed【详解】考查时态。句意:结果与我之前所设想的恰恰相反。作从句谓语,assume发生在主句谓语was opposite之前,用过去完成时。故填had assumed。5. They promised that they ___________ (send) me the report as soon as possible.【答案】would send【详解】考查时态。句意:他们答应会尽快把报告寄给我。that引导宾语从句,主句谓语动词promised为一般过去时,结合从句中的as soon as possible“尽快”可知,从句描述的是从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作,应用过去将来时,其结构为“would+动词原形”。故填would send。6. It was the second time that she ___________ (find) the tracks of the wild man.【答案】had found【详解】考查动词时态。句意:这是她第二次发现野人的踪迹。此处考查固定句型“It was the + 序数词 + time that...”,该句中that从句需用过去完成时,即had done,表示“过去的过去”,结合所给单词find,其过去分词为found。故填had found。7. The teacher said that the sun ___________ (rise) from the east.【答案】rises【详解】考查动词时态。句意:老师说太阳从东方升起。空处谓语动词是宾语从句的谓语动词,陈述事实,所以空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态;主语是单数,所以空处谓语动词需用单数rises。故填rises。8. Scientists have proved that the earth ___________ (turn) around the sun.【答案】turns【详解】考查时态。句意:科学家们已经证明地球绕太阳转。分析句子结构可知,空处在that引导的宾语从句作谓语,从句描述客观真理,时态不受主句影响,使用一般现在时,从句主语是the earth,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式turns。故填turns。9. He still remembers the snake that ___________ (bite) him during the camping trip last year.【答案】bit【详解】考查时态。句意:他仍然记得去年露营旅行期间咬了他的那条蛇。此空应填从句的谓语动词,主语that指代the snake,与bite为主动关系,且由last year可知,这里时态应用一般过去时。故填bit。10. She told me that the plane ___________ (take) off at 8:00 a.m.【答案】takes【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意:她告诉我飞机早上8点起飞。分析句子可知,空格处表示客观事实和规律,需用一般现在时态,主语为the plane,为第三人称单数且与动词之间为主动关系。故填takes。括号法—应对阅读理解长难句中名词性从句阅读理解长难句应对最简单有效的办法是遇到各种从句、非谓语、介词短语等用括号括起来视为一个单位,从而达到“去枝叶,留主干”删繁就简的目的,快速理解句子含义。1. (2025全国一卷阅读B篇) For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis.翻译:对于接下来的两项作业 —— 个人叙事单元和创意写作工作坊,我只要求作品符合其体裁的规范,并包含一个论点。理解:For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required (that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁)) (宾语从句1) and (that it contain a thesis)(宾语从句2).2. (2025全国一卷阅读C篇) Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.翻译:尽管这些运动广泛开展,但实际情况是,大多数西方城市完全围绕汽车的需求进行了重新设计。理解:(Although these campaigns were widespread) (让步状语从句), the reality is (that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car)(表语从句).【跟踪训练】用括号法把下列各句的名词性从句括起来。1. (2025全国一卷阅读C篇) Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities 2. (2025全国一卷阅读C篇) In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes — then filtering it after it cools — could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.3. (2025全国一卷语法填空) Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.4. (2025全国二卷阅读D篇) From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing.5. (2025全国二卷阅读D篇) Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything.【参考答案】1.( what it costs us as a society) 宾语从句2.( that boiling tap water for just five minutes — then filtering it after it cools — could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics)宾语从句3.( that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition)宾语从句4.( what we’re already growing)宾语从句5.( that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability) 同位语从句, (that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything)同位语从句(名词性从句综合能力提升)一、单项语法填空在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. The official made it clear _________he would do everything possible to solve the problem.【答案】that【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:这位官员明确表示,他将尽一切可能解决这个问题。句中it作形式宾语,设空处引导名词性从句作真正宾语,从句句意完整,不缺成分,用连接词that引导。故填that。2. You have no idea _________anxious I have been for her safety.【答案】how【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:你不知道我有多担心她的安全。空处引导名词性从句作idea的同位语,从句中缺少修饰anxious的程度状语,应用连接副词how作引导词,表示“多么”。故填how。3. leaves the hall last shall turn off the air conditioner.【答案】Whoever【详解】考查主语从句。句意:无论谁最后离开大厅都要关掉空调。表示“无论谁”,为“whoever”,在主语从句中作主语。首字母大写。故填Whoever。4. He is is known as a Jack of all trades — he seems to know everything, but in fact master of none.【答案】what【详解】考查表语从句。句意:他就是个所谓的万事通 —— 似乎什么都知道,但实际上什么都不精通。此处为表语从句,引导词在从句中作主语,应用what来引导,指代“……的人/事物”。故填what。5. All the preparation work has been completed but there still remains some doubt everything will go as planned.【答案】whether【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:所有的准备工作都已完成,但仍有部分人对一切能否按计划进行表示怀疑。引导同位语从句,表示“是否”用whether。故填whether。6. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.【答案】what【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:几千年来,他们开始减少对从野外捕猎或采集的东西的依赖,而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的作物。介词on后接宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,表示“……的东西”,因此用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。7. We know that honesty is an important value and lying is wrong, but who honestly say that they have never told a lie 【答案】that【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:我们知道诚实是一种重要的价值观,说谎是错误的,但谁会诚实地说自己从未说过谎呢?分析句子结构,“ lying is wrong”是并列宾语从句,从句句意完整,不缺少成分,应用连词that引导;that引导的并列宾语从句中,第一个that可以省略,第二个引导词that不省略。故填that。8. Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling this little machine had taken up too much of my time.【答案】that【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:有时我会有一种不安的感觉,觉得这台小机器占用了我太多时间。分析句子结构可知,空处引导同位语从句,解释说明名词feeling的具体内容,从句结构完整、意义明确,应用that来引导,that在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用。故填that。9. It is likely native Americans moved to California at least 15,000 years ago.【答案】that【详解】考查主语从句。句意:很可能至少在15000年前,美洲原住民移居到了加利福尼亚。此处是固定句型“It is likely that…”,其中it作形式主语,that引导的主语从句作真正的主语。故填that。10. made everyone present excited was that the scenery in the mountains was beautiful beyond expression.【答案】What【详解】考查主语从句。句意:让在场的每个人都兴奋的是,山里的风景美得无法形容。本空引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语,指物,应用what引导,句首单词首字母大写。故填What。11. He has heart disease. That is he has been smoking too much.【答案】because【详解】考查表语从句。句意:他患有心脏病。那是因为他抽烟抽得太多了。该空引导表语从句,前句“他有心脏病”是结果,后句“他吸烟过多”是原因,用because,That is because+表语从句(原因)。故填because。12. of them will become the next president of this country is still a mystery.【答案】Which【详解】考查主语从句。句意:他们中谁将成为这个国家的下一任总统仍然是个谜。由“of them will become the next president of this country is still a mystery”可知,句子表示“他们中谁将成为这个国家的下一任总统仍然是个谜”,空格处意为“哪一个”,用which,位于句首的单词首字母大写,故填Which。13. I want to buy some stamps. Can you tell me there is a post office near here 【答案】if/whether【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:我想买些邮票。你能告诉我这附近有邮局吗? 此句是宾语从句,根据语境,说话者想知道附近是否有邮局,if和whether都可以引导宾语从句,表示“是否”的意思。故填if/whether。14. Tom got stuck in the traffic jam and that’s he came late for the meeting.【答案】why【详解】考查表语从句。句意:汤姆因交通堵塞被困,这就是他开会迟到的原因。根据句子结构,此处需要一个连接词引导表语从句,从句中不缺主语和宾语,句意不完整,结合句意,此处表示“为什么”符合逻辑,所以此处使用连接副词why。故填why。15. It doesn’t matter the final work looks like but how much effort and devotion you have poured into it.【答案】what【详解】考查主语从句。句意:重要的不是最终作品看起来什么样子,而是你投入了多少努力和奉献。句中It为形式主语,后面but连接两个并列主语从句;该空需要一个连接词引导主语从句,并指代事情在从句中作介词like的宾语,应填what,使用what…look like这个表达可表示“看上去什么样子”。故填what。16. It is believed human beings can travel in the universe in spaceships in the future.【答案】that【详解】考查主语从句。句意:人们相信将来人类可以乘坐宇宙飞船在宇宙中旅行。此处为固定句型“It is believed that…”表示“人们相信……”,句中it作形式主语,真正的主语为that从句。故填that。17. There is little doubt the new policy will bring benefits to the pubic in the near future.【答案】that【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:毫无疑问,新政策在不久的将来会给公众带来好处。空处引导名词性从句作doubt的同位语,同位语从句的成分和语义均完整,应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。18. The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.【答案】whoever【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:无论谁获得自行车比赛的第一名,都将被授予金牌。wins the first place in the bicycle race作to的宾语,所以本句是宾语从句。缺少的连接词在从句中作主语,表示“无论谁”,是泛指,故用whoever引导,故填whoever。19. has been proved that the repetitive structure of nursery rhymes aids brain development in early childhood.【答案】It【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意:已经被证明童谣的重复结构有助于儿童早期的大脑发育。根据空后has been proved和aids可知,“that the repetitive structure of nursery rhymes aids brain development in early childhood”是真正的主语,为了避免句子头重脚轻,用it作形式主语,构成“It has been proved that...”句型,意为“已经被证明……”,句首单词首字母大写。故填It。20. He is a reliable man and you can depend on that he will keep his word.【答案】it【详解】考查形式宾语。句意:他是一个可靠的人,你可以相信他会遵守诺言的。depend on it that...为固定句型,it为形式宾语,that引导的宾语从句是真正的宾语。故填it。二、名词性从句助力写作能力升格1.(2025年全国一卷)我拿起电话给他留了一条语音信息,为我的行为道歉,并询问我们是否可以见面。(宾语从句)1. I picked up the phone and left him a voice message, apologizing for my behavior and asking if we could meet.2. (2025年全国一卷)我们聊了好几个小时,笑着回忆往昔,慢慢重建那些已失去的东西。(宾语从句)2. We talked for hours, laughing, remembering old times, and slowly rebuilding what had been lost.3. (2025年全国一卷)当我看着托比轻轻把头靠在我哥哥的腿上时,我知道我们终于踏上了治愈的道路。(宾语从句)3. As I watched Toby gently rest his head on my brother’s leg, I knew we were finally on the path to healing.4. (2025年全国一卷)我意识到,通过拥抱自己的文化身份,我不仅在守护自己的传统,也在丰富身边人的生活。(宾语从句)4. I realized that by embracing my cultural identity, I was not only preserving my heritage but also enriching the lives of those around me.5. (2024年新课标I卷) 在课堂上被自然环绕,让我意识到保护我们的环境是多么重要。(宾语从句)5. Being surrounded by nature during class has made me realize how important it is to protect our environment.6. (2024年浙江1月卷)我相信,只有每个人的贡献和参与,这场运动才能创造奇迹。(宾语从句)6. I’m convinced that only with everyone’s contribution and participation can the campaign work wonders.7. (2024年浙江1月卷)任何想报名的人都填写申请表,并在本周五之前与我们联系。(主语从句)7. Whoever wants to sign up for it fills in the application form and contacts us by this Friday.8. (2023年新高考Ⅰ卷)我被告知我在写作比赛中获得一等奖,而且两天后有一个颁奖仪式。(宾语从句)8. I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days.9. (2022年全国甲卷)我坚信只有通过共同努力保护海洋我们才有美好的未来。(同位语从句)9. It is my firm belief that only with joined efforts to protect oceans can we have a bright future.10. (2021年全国乙卷) 毫无疑问,与传统的学习方法相比,在线学习有许多优势。(同位语从句)10. There is no doubt that online learning has many advantages over the traditional learning method.21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题02名词性从句(目录01知识脑图·学科框架速建02考点精析·知识能力全解【知能解读01】名词性从句概述【知能解读02】连词if和whether表示“是否”的区别【知能解读03】含感叹句的宾语从句的用法03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破【重难点突破01】连接词that和what的区别【重难点突破02】两种同位语从句的用法【重难点突破03】it作形式主语/宾语的名词性从句04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗【易混易错01】虚拟语气在名词性从句的用法【易混易错02】wh-ever类引导词在名词性从句的用法【易混易错03】名词性从句中的时态照应05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解【方法技巧】括号法—应对阅读理解长难句中名词性从句)01 名词性从句概述名词性从句:名词性从句指的是在句子中起名词作用的句子,其功能相当于名词词组。类型:根据功能,名词性从句分主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。连词:引导名词性从句的连词有that, if, whether, because。连接代词:引导词性从句的连接代词有who(ever), what(ever), whom(ever), whose, which(ever),等。连接副词:when, where, why, how等02 连词if和whether表示“是否”的区别1.引导主语从句且从句位于句首时,只用whether。Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 她来不来都没有关系。2.引导表语从句时,只用whether。The question is whether we can finish it on time. 问题是我们能否按时完成。3.引导宾语从句且与or not直接连用时,只用whether。Can you tell me whether or not the train has left 你能告诉我火车是否已经离开了?4.后接不定式时,只用whether。Whether to take the job offer is up to you.是否接受这份工作由你决定。5.位于介词之后时,只用whether。It all depends on whether they will support us.这完全取决于他们是否支持我们。6.引导同位语从句时,只用whether。They raised the question whether we ought to call in a specialist. 们提出了我们是否应请专家来的问题。7.引导宾语从句且不与or not直接连用时,if和whether均可。Please tell me if/whether you will go to the lectures tomorrow or not. 请告诉我你明天是否去听讲座。【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. (2023新课标I卷)To eat one, you have to decide whether __________ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.2. (2022浙江1月卷)Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely.3. It remains to be seen__________ the new regulations will lead to better compliance among all employees.4. It is still unknown __________ the medicine will be effective to human beings.5. It makes no difference to me__________ you like it or not.6. It matters little __________ or not he comes here because he doesn’t belong to our team.7. As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question __________ there is life on other planets.8. There is some doubt __________ it is wise to depend completely on the ratings in consumption.9. There is some doubt __________ one day humans will find cures to deal with deadly diseases, such as cancer and blood diseases.10. It doesn’t matter __________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.03含感叹句的宾语从句的用法1.主句+what+a(n)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语。注意点:保持感叹句陈述语序;what的中心名词必须是名词;名词区分不可数名词以及可数名词单复数。She said what a lovely song it was. 她说那是一首多么动听的歌啊。I know what an interesting book you have bought! 我知道你买了一本多么有趣的书!2.主句+how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。She thought how beautiful the city was. 她认为这座城市多么美丽。We are talking about how amazing the movie is. 我们在谈论这部电影有多精彩。【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _______ close you may be to victory.2. Sorry I’m so late, but you cannot imagine _____great trouble I took to find your house.3. You can hardly imagine ______ excited he was when he heard the news.4. _______some teenagers don't realize is _______difficult life can be after they get addicted to drugs.5. We all know __________ quickly time passes when we’re having fun.01连接词that和what的区别1. that是纯连接词,在从句中不充当任何句子成分,也无实意,仅仅起到连接作用。That humans evolved from apes is widely accepted by scientists.(that引导主语从句,且位于句首)人类是由猿进化而来的,这一观点被科学家们广泛接受。It is obvious that he has no experience in this field. (that引导主语从句,it是形式主语)很明显,他在这个领域没有经验。The teacher emphasized that students should review their notes regularly. (that引导宾语从句)老师强调学生应该定期复习笔记。The fact is that we need more time to prepare. (that引导表语从句)事实是我们需要更多时间来准备。The news that the team won the championship spread quickly.(that引导同位语从句)团队赢得冠军的消息很快就传开了。2. what是连接代词,可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。what既起连接作用又作句子成分,如主语、宾语、表语和定语。巧记:what相当于the+名词+that…从句。What he said at the meeting surprised everyone. (what引导主语从句且在从句作宾语)他在会议上说的话让所有人都很惊讶。I don’t understand what you’re trying to prove. (what引导宾语从句且在从句作宾语)我不明白你想证明什么。She is worried about what might happen next. (what引导宾语从句且在从句作主语)她担心接下来会发生什么。He is not what he was ten years ago. (what引导表语从句且在从句作表语)他不再是十年前的他了。What few visitors we have are always made welcome. (what引导主语从句且在从句作定语)对不多的游客我们也表示欢迎。【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.(2024新课标I卷) On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in _________ is now northwestern Wyoming.2. (2024浙江1月卷) If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s _________ they’ll promote.3. (2023天津3月卷) People who value their privacy are concerned about _________Google might do with the information it is gathering.4. (2021全国I卷) _____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.5. (2021年天津卷) It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be.6. (2021全国I卷) _____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.7. (2020·天津卷) The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor Joseph had said.8. (2020年浙江卷) Over thousands of years,they began to depend less on ______ could be hunted or gathered from the wild,and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.9.(2020天津卷) The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor Joseph had said.10.(2019全国I卷) While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ________ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.02 两种同位语从句的用法1.“名词+ that…”型同位语从句名词fact, news, truth, doubt, belief, thought, problem等词后接从句,对名词做进一步解释说明,连接词只能用that,且不能省略。有时名词和同位语从句被谓语等分割开来。The news that our team won the game is true.我们队赢了比赛的消息是真的。The suggestion that we (should) hold a meeting was accepted.我们应该开会的建议被接受了。Word came that he had been admitted to Beijing University.消息传来他已经被北京大学录取了。2.“名词+wh-…”型同位语从句have no idea后面常接who, what, when等wh-类连接词引导的同位语从句表示“不清楚……”I have no idea when he will come back.我不知道他什么时候回来。He has no idea whether the meeting has been cancelled.他不知道会议是否已被取消。【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. The rising house prices in most cities have aroused concern among young migrant workers __________ they can’t afford themselves a house.2. As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question __________ there is life on other planets.3. There is some doubt __________ the weather will be good enough for the outdoor event.4. I have no idea __________ will be in charge of the company.5. The proposal __________ we should raise public awareness of heritage protection is worth considering.6. Astronomers have long held the firm belief __________ there are other livable planets in the vast universe.7. There is no doubt __________ you are experienced in presenting your ideas, because of your abundant skills.8. The question remains __________ the new policy will have a positive impact on the economy in the long run.9. You have no idea __________ anxious I have been for her safety.10. I have no idea __________ the boy is doing in the next room now.03 it作形式主语/宾语的名词性从句1. It + be +名词+从句常用于该句型的名词有honour, duty, pity, fact等,it作形式主语,后面的that从句是真正的主语。It is a fact that the earth revolves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转是一个事实。It is a pity that you missed the wonderful concert. 你错过了那场精彩的音乐会,真可惜。2. It + be +形容词+从句常用于该句型的形容词有natural, important, strange, vital等,it作形式主语,后面的that从句是真正的主语。It is natural that he should be nervous in such an important exam. 在如此重要的考试中,他会紧张是很自然的。It is necessary that we should learn a foreign language. 我们有必要学习一门外语。3. It + be +过去分词+从句常用于该句型的过去分词有said, announced, reported, declared等,it作形式主语,后面的that从句是真正的主语。It is reported that there was an earthquake in that area last night. 据报道,昨晚那个地区发生了地震。It has been proved that this theory is correct. 已经证实这个理论是正确的。4. It +不及物动词+从句常用于该句型的动词有seem, appear, happen等,it作形式主语,后面的that从句是真正的主语。It happened that I was out when he called. 他打电话时我碰巧出去了。It appears that they have made a decision. 似乎他们已经做了决定。5. find + it +形容词/名词+从句常用于该句型的动词有find, think, consider, make, feel等,it作形式宾语,后面的that从句是真正的宾语。I find it important that we should protect the environment. 我发现我们保护环境是很重要的。She thinks it necessary that we should learn English well. 她认为我们学好英语是有必要的。The teacher made it clear that we should finish our homework on time. 老师明确表示我们应该按时完成作业。6. 动词短语+ it +that从句常用于该句型的动词短语有depend on, rely on, count on, answer for等,it作形式宾语,后面的that从句是真正的宾语。You may depend on it that he will come to help you. 你可以相信他会来帮助你的。You must answer for it that you have made such a mistake. 你必须为你犯的这样一个错误负责。7. 动词+ it +从句常用于该句型的动词短语有like, hate, appreciate等,it作形式宾语,后面的从句是真正的宾语。I don't like it when people talk with their mouths full. 我不喜欢人们满嘴食物说话。I would appreciate it if you could help me. 如果你能帮助我,我将不胜感激。【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. ___________was disturbing that she was being looked after by a robot who seemed more like a human.2. So the tourism authorities in Shanxi and Shandong provinces find ___________ a must to promote their enriched tourism resources on social media.3. After all, the terrible present situation makes ___________ difficult for us to complete the task on time.4. ___________ is believed that with the help of high technology, our life will be convenient.5. I rely on ___________ that tomorrow will be better.6. We always take ___________ for granted that our parents do everything for us without asking anything in return.7. I hate ___________ when they talk with their mouths full of food.8. ___________ never occurred to him to turn to anyone for help when he failed in doing business.9. I’d appreciate ___________ if you could put yourself in my shoes and tell me how I can, deal with it.10. I hate it ___________ the weather becomes freezing cold because there is no heater inside.01 虚拟语气在名词性从句的用法一、宾语从句中的虚拟语气1. I wish that…后的宾语从句,表示与现在事实相反,从句谓语用一般过去时;与过去事实相反用过去完成时。I wish I were a bird. 我希望我是一只鸟。She wishes she had studied harder. 她希望自己当初学习更努力。2. would rather that…后的宾语从句表示 “宁愿某人做某事”, 表示与现在或将来事实相反,从句谓语用一般过去时;与过去事实相反用过去完成时。I'd rather you came tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天来。She'd sooner he hadn't said that. 她宁愿他没说过那样的话。3. 表示建议、要求、命令等动词后的宾语从句,从句谓语动词用 “should +动词原形”,should可省略。常见动词:suggest, recommend, demand, require, insist, order, propose等。The teacher suggested that we (should) read more books. 老师建议我们多读些书。He insisted that she (should) accept the offer. 他坚持让她接受这个提议。二、主语从句中的虚拟语气1. It is +形容词+ that从句,从句谓语动词用 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略。常见形容词:necessary, important, essential, urgent, advisable, natural, strange 等。It is necessary that we (should) protect the environment. 我们有必要保护环境。It is strange that he (should) refuse the invitation. 他竟然拒绝邀请,真奇怪。2. It is +过去分词+ that 从句,从句谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”,should可省略。常见过去分词:suggested, recommended, required, demanded, ordered, proposed等。It was suggested that the meeting (should) be postponed. 有人建议会议延期。The leader urged that all members (should) attend the meeting. 领导力劝所有成员参加会议。三、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气1.当主语是suggestion, recommendation, demand, requirement, order, proposal 等名词时,表语从句谓语动词用 “should + 动词原形”,should 可省略。My suggestion is that we (should) start early. 我的建议是我们应该早点出发。His demand is that the work (should) be finished by Friday. 他的要求是这项工作在周五前完成。2. suggestion, recommendation, demand, requirement, order, proposal 等名词进行解释时,同位语从句谓语动词用 “should + 动词原形”,should可省略。We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go on a picnic. 我们都同意他去野餐的建议。The order that we (should) evacuate immediately was given. 立即疏散的命令已经下达。四、其他特殊结构中的虚拟语气It's (high/about) time +that从句,表示 “该做某事了”,从句谓语动词用过去式或should+动词原形,should不可省略。It's high time we went home. 我们该回家了。It's about time you should start studying. 你该开始学习了。【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. It is requested that some measures ___________ (take) to stop “white pollution”.2. It was proposed that the house ___________ (preserve) as it had been when the great writer lived in it.3. As a parent, it is vital that you ___________ (teach) your child the value of money.4. It is highly recommended that this book ___________ (revise) before getting published.5. The engineer suggested that a new bridge ___________ (build) across the river to ease the traffic pressure.6. How I wish I ___________ (follow) your advice yesterday.7. The physician insisted that the lady ___________ (be) seriously ill and that she ___________ (operate) on immediately.8. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ___________ (break).9. The authority made a proposal that young people ___________ (give) more opportunities to be promoted to higher positions.10. The government made an official request that the meeting ___________ (put) off.02 wh-ever类引导词在名词性从句的用法1. whatever 强调内容,意为“无论什么”,相当于anything that; 引导主语从句、宾语从句或让步状语从句,作主语、宾语。She will eat whatever is available. 她会吃任何能找到的东西。Whatever you say cannot change the fact. 你说什么都无法改变事实。2. whichever强调特定范围内的选择,意为“无论哪一个”;引导主语从句、宾语从句或让步状语从句,多作主语、宾语、定语。Whichever of you gets here first will get the prize. 你们谁第一个到达这里谁就获奖。3. whoever引导名词性从句,相当于anyone who,在从句作主语。Whoever breaks the window must pay for it. 无论谁打破窗户都必须赔偿。4. whomever引导名词性从句,意为“无论是谁”,在从句作宾语。The coach will select whomever he thinks is suitable. 教练会挑选他认为合适的任何人。【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. There is no escape from the long arm of the law. ___________breaks the law will sooner or later be caught and will be punished.2. ___________ does wrong to his country or to the people deserves punishment.3. Your support is important to our work, for ___________ you can do helps.4. ___________ is the last one to leave the classroom should turn off the lights.5. Parents in China spend ___________ it takes to give their kids an edge, but sometimes they just blindly follow a trend and over-schedule their children.6. The gold medal will be awarded to ___________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.7. To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions _________ had used the products.8. As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose __________suits you best.03名词性从句中的时态照应1. 主句谓语动词是现在或将来时,从句谓语动词可以用任何需要的时态。I think he has finished his homework. 我认为他已经完成了他的作业。I'll tell you what I will be doing at 8 o'clock tomorrow. 我会告诉你明天8点我将在做什么。2. 主句谓语动词是一般过去时,从句谓语动词需用相应的过去时态。She said that she would go to Paris next week. 她说她下周要去巴黎。She told me that she was watching TV at 8 o'clock last night. 她告诉我她昨晚8点在看电视。3. 主句谓语动词是一般过去时,从句表示客观真理时其时态不用改变。The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun. 老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。Our physics teacher said that light travels faster than sound. 我们的物理老师说光比声音传播得快。【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan ___________ (carry out) in the past two years.2. In order to hide his sadness, he talked and laughed as if nothing ___________ (happen).3. I wonder when Mr Brown ___________ (arrive). When he ___________ (arrive), I’ll tell him the news at once.4. The result was opposite to what I ___________ (assume).5. They promised that they ___________ (send) me the report as soon as possible.6. It was the second time that she ___________ (find) the tracks of the wild man.7. The teacher said that the sun ___________ (rise) from the east.8. Scientists have proved that the earth ___________ (turn) around the sun.9. He still remembers the snake that ___________ (bite) him during the camping trip last year.10. She told me that the plane ___________ (take) off at 8:00 a.m.括号法—应对阅读理解长难句中名词性从句阅读理解长难句应对最简单有效的办法是遇到各种从句、非谓语、介词短语等用括号括起来视为一个单位,从而达到“去枝叶,留主干”删繁就简的目的,快速理解句子含义。1. (2025全国一卷阅读B篇) For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis.翻译:对于接下来的两项作业 —— 个人叙事单元和创意写作工作坊,我只要求作品符合其体裁的规范,并包含一个论点。理解:For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required (that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁)) (宾语从句1) and (that it contain a thesis)(宾语从句2).2. (2025全国一卷阅读C篇) Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car.翻译:尽管这些运动广泛开展,但实际情况是,大多数西方城市完全围绕汽车的需求进行了重新设计。理解:(Although these campaigns were widespread) (让步状语从句), the reality is (that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car)(表语从句).【跟踪训练】用括号法把下列各句的名词性从句括起来。1. (2025全国一卷阅读C篇) Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities 2. (2025全国一卷阅读C篇) In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes — then filtering it after it cools — could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.3. (2025全国一卷语法填空) Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.4. (2025全国二卷阅读D篇) From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we’re already growing.5. (2025全国二卷阅读D篇) Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything.(名词性从句综合能力提升)一、单项语法填空在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. The official made it clear _________he would do everything possible to solve the problem.2. You have no idea _________anxious I have been for her safety.3. leaves the hall last shall turn off the air conditioner.4. He is is known as a Jack of all trades — he seems to know everything, but in fact master of none.5. All the preparation work has been completed but there still remains some doubt everything will go as planned.6. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.7. We know that honesty is an important value and lying is wrong, but who honestly say that they have never told a lie 8. Sometimes I had the uncomfortable feeling this little machine had taken up too much of my time.9. It is likely native Americans moved to California at least 15,000 years ago.10. made everyone present excited was that the scenery in the mountains was beautiful beyond expression.11. He has heart disease. That is he has been smoking too much.12. of them will become the next president of this country is still a mystery.13. I want to buy some stamps. Can you tell me there is a post office near here 14. Tom got stuck in the traffic jam and that’s he came late for the meeting.15. It doesn’t matter the final work looks like but how much effort and devotion you have poured into it.16. It is believed human beings can travel in the universe in spaceships in the future.17. There is little doubt the new policy will bring benefits to the pubic in the near future.18. The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.19. has been proved that the repetitive structure of nursery rhymes aids brain development in early childhood.20. He is a reliable man and you can depend on that he will keep his word.二、名词性从句助力写作能力升格1.(2025年全国一卷)我拿起电话给他留了一条语音信息,为我的行为道歉,并询问我们是否可以见面。(宾语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________2. (2025年全国一卷)我们聊了好几个小时,笑着回忆往昔,慢慢重建那些已失去的东西。(宾语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________3. (2025年全国一卷)当我看着托比轻轻把头靠在我哥哥的腿上时,我知道我们终于踏上了治愈的道路。(宾语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________4. (2025年全国一卷)我意识到,通过拥抱自己的文化身份,我不仅在守护自己的传统,也在丰富身边人的生活。(宾语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________5. (2024年新课标I卷) 在课堂上被自然环绕,让我意识到保护我们的环境是多么重要。(宾语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________6. (2024年浙江1月卷)我相信,只有每个人的贡献和参与,这场运动才能创造奇迹。(宾语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________7. (2024年浙江1月卷)任何想报名的人都填写申请表,并在本周五之前与我们联系。(主语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________8. (2023年新高考Ⅰ卷)我被告知我在写作比赛中获得一等奖,而且两天后有一个颁奖仪式。(宾语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________9. (2022年全国甲卷)我坚信只有通过共同努力保护海洋我们才有美好的未来。(同位语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________10. (2021年全国乙卷) 毫无疑问,与传统的学习方法相比,在线学习有许多优势。(同位语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com) 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 2026年高考英语第一轮复习(全国通用)专题02名词性从句(知识清单)(学生版).docx 2026年高考英语第一轮复习(全国通用)专题02名词性从句(知识清单)(教师版).docx