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专题05并列句和感叹句
(
目录
01知识脑图·学科框架速建
02考点精析·知识能力全解
【知能解读
01
】
并列句概述
【知能解读02】并列句
表示
并列关系
【知能解读03】并列句
表示
转折关系
【知能解读04】并列句
表示选择
关系
【知能解读05】并列句
表示因果
关系
03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破
【重难点突破01】what 引导的感叹句
【重难点突破02】how 引导的感叹句
【重难点突破0
3
】含
感叹句的宾语从句的用法
04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗
【易混易错01】
并列句when句型典型用法
05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解
【方法技巧】括号法—应对阅读理解长难句中并列句
)
01 并列句概述
并列句：并列句属于英语三大句型之一，另外还有简单句和复合句。学好并列句一要掌握其基本知识框架，二要把握高考考向，三要加强训练，查漏补缺。
02 并列句表示并列关系
1. 并列连词and连接两个或两个以上动词、名词、形容词、副词、动名词或介词短语等。
构成“A and B”或者“A, B and C”结构。此考点在语法填空、读后续写频繁出现，请予以高度重视。
He likes swimming and hiking during his free time. （两个动名词并列）
他空闲时喜欢游泳和徒步旅行。
She drank a cup of tea and ate a piece of cake for dessert. （两个谓语动词并列）
她喝了一杯茶，吃了一块蛋糕当甜点。
The recipe calls for flour, sugar and eggs as the basic ingredients. （三个名词并列）
这个食谱需要面粉、糖和鸡蛋作为基本原料。
He spent the afternoon cleaning his room, doing laundry and organizing his desk. （三个动名词并列）
他整个下午都在打扫房间、洗衣服和整理书桌。
2. and用于“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构，表示顺承关系。
Exercise regularly, and you’ll feel more energetic every day. 定期锻炼，你每天都会感觉更有活力。
Follow the traffic rules, and you’ll avoid accidents on the road. 遵守交通规则，你就能避免路上的事故。
One step at a time, and you’ll climb the mountain easily. 一步一步来，你会轻松爬上这座山。
Consistent effort, and your grades will improve gradually. 持续努力，你的成绩会逐渐提高。
3. 其他表示并列关系的短语。
both…and…表示“不但……而且……”；not only…but (also)…表示“不但……而且……”，also可以省略；as well as表示“又，而且”。
She likes both classical music and rock ’n’ roll. 她既喜欢古典音乐，也喜欢摇滚乐。
Not only the students but also the teacher enjoys the activity. 不仅学生，老师也喜欢这个活动。
The father, as well as his children, likes hiking. 父亲和他的孩子们都喜欢徒步旅行。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (2025全国一卷) Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, 64 the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
1. and
解析：考查连词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, the energy flow following each move三者为并列关系，作并列主语，所以空处需用连词and。故填and。
2. (2025浙江1月卷) Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead on the fact that they have something unique to wear 59 are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.
2. and
解析：考查并列连词。句意为：如今的顾客不再在意衣物是否二手，而是关注这样的事实：他们有独特的衣服穿，同时还不会让自己的衣柜过于拥挤，也不会为垃圾填埋场制造垃圾。结合句意及分析句子结构可知，空白处缺少连词连接两个并列成分have和are not overstuffing，故填and。
3. (2024新课标II卷) Recalling watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 65 see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
3. and
解析：考查并列连词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being performed”为并列结构，用and连接。故填and。
4. (2023九省联考卷) He reports that his students are taking more care with their work, and their self-confidence has improved as well. He is happy with the improvement he sees in his students’ writing 43 in his own writing.
4. and
解析：考查并列连词。句意：他很高兴看到他的学生和他自己的书写都有了改善。空格前短语in his students’ writing和空格后的短语in his own writing为并列关系，应用and表示这种关系。故填and。
5.（2023新课标II卷）It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 44 to see the pandas settle into their new home.
5. and
解析：考查并列连词。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知，“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。
6.（2022新课标I卷）After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, __________ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
6. and
解析：考查并列连词。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处前后为并列关系，应用and。故填and。
7.（2022新课标II卷）He hung on for a few minutes ___________ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
7. and
解析：考查并列连词。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意，此处表示并列关系。故填and。
8.（2022全国乙卷）The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ____________ cultural exchanges.
8. and
解析：考查并列连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词promote的宾语。故填and。
9.（2021全国I卷）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ___________offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.
9. and
解析：考查并列连词。句意为：虽然这是你上山途中唯一不自然的事情,但它仍然突出了整个冒险,并提供了一个地方,你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的腿。前后是并列关系,所以用and连接,故填and.
10.（2021全国II卷）I found the contact information of the company________ emailed its president.
10. and
解析：考查连词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”之间是并列关系，用and连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以填and。
11．Leave us more time to do our homework we will have difficulty finishing all of it.
11. or
解析：考查连词。句意：给我们更多时间做家庭作业，否则我们将难以完成所有作业。根据句意可知，此处为连词“or”在此处意为“否则，要不然”，用于连接两个句子，表达一种相反的假设或结果，符合语境。故填or。
12．Listen carefully, you’ll understand what the teacher means.
12. and
解析：考查并列连词及固定句型。句意：仔细听，你就会明白老师的意思。空前是一个祈使句，空后是一个将来时的陈述句，该空需要一个连词连接两个句子。符合句型：祈使句+and/or + 陈述句。前后为顺承关系，应填and。故填and。
13．Don’t run too fast for the first hour, you won’t have enough energy left for the rest of the race.
13. or
解析：考查连词。句意：不要在第一个小时跑得太快，否则你将没有足够的精力参加剩下的比赛。此处为固定句型“祈使句+and/or+简单句”，空处表示“否则”应用连词or连接。故填or。
14．He as well as his wife ( invite) to the party last week.
14. was invited
解析：考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：他和他的妻子都被邀请参加了上周的聚会。as well as连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持主谓一致，He为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用单数形式；由last week可知，应用一般过去时；主语He与invite之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，be动词使用was。故填was invited。
15．Not only Tom and Mary but also I (be) fond of swimming.
15. am
解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：不仅汤姆和玛丽，而且我也喜欢游泳。空处作谓语，句子在描述通常的情况，时态宜用一般现在时，not only… but also…连接两个主语时，谓语遵循“就近原则”，与靠近的主语I保持一致，be动词应用am。故填am。
03并列句表示转折关系
1. 连词but, yet连接两个分句，前后句在逻辑上构成转折关系。
注意although, although, as引导的倒装句不能与but连用。
I tried my best to solve the problem, but I still failed. 我尽全力解决这个问题，但还是失败了。
The task is difficult, yet we will manage to finish it on time. 任务很难，但我们会设法按时完成。
Although he is poor, he is always happy. 虽然他很穷，但他总是很开心。
Hard as she tried, she couldn’t pass the exam. 虽然她努力了，但没通过考试。
2. while/whereas还可以位于句中，表示前后对比，意为“不过，但是”, whereas比较正式。
Some people prefer tea, while others like coffee. 有些人喜欢茶，不过另一些人喜欢咖啡。
John is quiet, whereas his brother is very talkative. 约翰很安静，而他的哥哥很健谈。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.（2023全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 65 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
1. but
解析：考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。
2.（2021全国甲卷）My bike was old and shaky ______ did the job.
2. but
解析：考查连词。句意：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。
3．I might have given you more help, I was too busy.
3. but
解析：考查连词。句意：我本可以给你更多帮助的，但是我太忙了。根据句意可知，前后句之间为转折关系，应用but连接。故填but。
4．Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park I had an idea of going to a nicer place.
4. while
解析：考查并列连词。句意：大多数同学想去公园，而我却想去一个更好的地方。根据句意可知，前后句存在对比关系：前句大多数人的选择与后句“我的不同想法”形成对比，所以设空处要填一个表示对比且意为“然而”的连词。故填while。
5．The point guard is a key player, it was like he wasn’t even on the court!
5. but
解析：考查连词。句意：控球后卫是一个关键球员，但就像他根本不在场上一样！根据句意可知，前半句提到 “The point guard is a key player”（控球后卫是关键球员），后半句说“it was like he wasn’t even on the court”（好像他根本不在球场上），前后句之间是转折关系，所以用but连接。故填but。
04并列句表示选择关系
or（或者）, either...or... （或者……或者）, not...but.. （不是……而是）, neither…nor…（既不……也不）引导并列句，前后两个分句为选择关系。
You can stay at home, or you can go out with me. 你可以待在家里，或者跟我出去。
Either he is telling the truth, or he is lying. 他要么在说真话，要么在撒谎。
She didn’t cry, but laughed loudly. 她没有哭，而是大声笑了。
She can neither speak French nor write it. 她既不会说法语，也不会写法语。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.（2023新课标I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 38 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
1. or
解析：考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。
2．You can either solve the problem by yourself, ______ seek help from your classmates.
2. or
解析：考查连词辨析。句意：你可以自己解决这个问题，或者向你的同学寻求帮助。根据“You can either solve the problem by yourself(你可以自己解决这个问题)”以及“seek help from your classmates(向你的同学寻求帮助)”可知，这里是提供了两种选择，要么自己解决问题，要么向同学求助，是一种选择关系，所以使用or最为恰当。故填or。
3．Whether it’s out of love and interest, a desire to help those with hearing loss, simply for situations where speaking is difficult due to illness, sign language can be very useful.
3. or
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：无论是出于热爱和兴趣，还是出于帮助听力障碍者的愿望，亦或是仅仅因为在生病等情况下说话困难，手语都能发挥极大的作用。根据“Whether it’s out of love and interest”及句意可推知，此处用whether… or…固定结构，引导包含选择范围的让步状语从句，意为“无论……还是……”，空处应用or构成该结构。故填or。
4．The disagreement was so sharp that neither he I knew how to settle it.
4. nor
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：这分歧如此尖锐，以至于他和我都不知道如何解决。根据neither he和I可知，此处考查固定搭配neither…nor…“既不……也不……”。故填nor。
5．We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good bad purposes.
5. or
解析：考查固定短语。句意：我们更喜欢把情商描述为一套特定的技能，既可以用于好的目的，也可以用于坏的目的。either...or...“不论……还是……；要么……要么……”，固定短语，故填or。
05并列句表示因果关系
连词for, so表因果关系，for连接的分句一般不放在句首。
She must have gone out, for the door is open. 她一定出去了，因为门是开着的。
It was getting late, so we decided to go home. 天晚了，因此我们决定回家。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．I’m not outgoing I’m a little anxious right now.
1. so
解析：考查连词。句意：我不太爱与人交往，所以此刻我有点儿紧张。此处前后文为因果关系，应用连词so。故填so。
2．Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, _______ plants can spread to new places.
2. so
解析：考查连词。句意：一些动物把种子从一地带到另一地，于是种子就传播到新地方。so表示结果。故答案是so。
3．She is very busy these days, she can’t go to the party with us.
3. so
解析：考查连词。句意：她这些天很忙，所以她不能和我们一起去参加聚会。根据句意可知，此处为连词“so”，表示“所以”在这里表示因果关系，“She is very busy these days”（她这些天很忙）是原因，“she can’t go to the party with us”（她不能和我们一起去参加派对）是结果。故填so。
4．She must have gone out early, she didn’t show up at breakfast.
4. for
解析：考查连词。句意：她一定是一大早就出去了，因为她没有出现在早餐桌上。此处为连词连接两个句子，结合句意，上下文之间为因果关系，下文是对上文的解释，所以此处为表示原因的并列连词for。故填for。
5．It has been separated from other continents for millions of years, it has many plants and animals that cannot be found anywhere else in the world.
5. so
解析：考查连词。句意：由于与其他大陆分开了好几百万年，因此那里有许多在世界别的地方找不到的植物和动物。前后两句为因果关系，故答案为so。
01 what 引导的感叹句
感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、赞赏和愤怒等情绪。what是感叹形容词，中心词必须是名词，名词前可以有冠词和形容词修饰，注意感叹句用陈述语序。What引导的感叹句典型场合：
1. What +a (n)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!
What an amazing movie we watched! 我们看了一部多么精彩的电影啊！
2. What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!
What beautiful paintings you drew! 你画了多么漂亮的画啊！
3. What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!
What useful advice you gave! 你给出了多么有用的建议啊！
★易错提醒：注意区分名词是可数名词还是不可数名词以及后边用陈述语序。
02 how引导的感叹句
how是感叹副词，用作程度状语，修饰形容词、副词或谓语动词。注意感叹句用陈述语序。具体有四种类型。
1. How +形容词+主语+谓语!
How interesting the movie was! 那部电影多么有趣啊！
2. How+副词+主语+谓语!
How loudly the children are shouting! 孩子们喊得多大声啊！
3. How+形容词+ a (n)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!
How amazing an experience this was! 这是一次多么惊人的经历啊！
4. How+主语+谓语!
We met as freshmen, and now we’re graduating. How time flies!
我们刚入学时还是新生，现在却要毕业了。时光飞逝啊！
★易错提醒：“What +a (n)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”可以和“How+形容词+ a (n)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”转换。
How interesting an idea he has! =What an interesting idea he has! 他有一个多么有趣的想法啊！
03 含感叹句的宾语从句的用法
1.主句+what+a(n)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语。
注意点：保持感叹句陈述语序；what的中心名词必须是名词；名词区分不可数名词以及可数名词单复数。
She said what a lovely song it was. 她说那是一首多么动听的歌啊。
I know what an interesting book you have bought! 我知道你买了一本多么有趣的书！
2.主句+how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。
She thought how beautiful the city was. 她认为这座城市多么美丽。
We are talking about how amazing the movie is. 我们在谈论这部电影有多精彩。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1． happy I felt when I put on the new clothes!
1. How
解析：考查感叹句。句意：当我穿上新衣服时，我感到多么高兴啊！“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”是感叹句，因此空格处用how，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填How。
2．— You seem to be in a really good mood.
—I finished my last test today. What relief! Now I’m free.
2. a
解析：考查冠词。句意：——你看起来心情很好。——我今天完成了最后一次考试。真是松了一口气！现在我自由了。此处为感叹句，what a relief表示“真是松了一口气！”。故填a。
3． great fun it is to have a bowl of ice cream on such a hot day!
3. What
解析：考查感叹句。句意：在如此炎热的天吃一碗冰淇淋多么有趣！感叹句结构通常为“What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主谓！”或“How + 形容词/副词 + 主谓！”。题目中great fun为“形容词+名词”结构（fun为不可数名词），因此需用what引导感叹句。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填What。
4． silly it was of you to give up such a good chance.
4. How
解析：考查感叹句。句意：你放弃了这么好的机会，真是太傻了！“How +形容词+ it is (of sb.) to do sth.” 是感叹句的常用结构，How修饰形容词silly，首字母大写。故填How。
5． a sweet victory to be envied by those women!
5. What
解析：考查what引导的感叹句。句意：那是一场多么令人羡慕的、让那些女人嫉妒的甜蜜胜利啊！本句为what引导的感叹句，其基本结构是“What+a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语”，在本句中“a sweet victory”是“形容词+可数名词单数” 的结构，“to be envied by those women”作后置定语修饰“victory”，what放于句首，首字母大写。故填What。
6．The shocking news made me realize terrible problems we would face and life would be like in the future.
6. what, what
解析：考查名词性从句。句意：这个令人震惊的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么可怕的问题，以及未来的生活将会是什么样子。根据句意和第一个空格后的terrible problems we would face可知，第一个空格处应该用what，构成“what+名词复数+主谓”的感叹句。第二个空格处引导名词性从句，从句中介词like缺宾语，且意义为“什么”，应该用连接代词what引导。故填what；what。
7．The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. a dangerous scene it was!
7. What
解析：考查感叹句。句意：小男孩骑着自行车沿着高速公路全速而来。这是多么危险的一幕啊！“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”为感叹句句式，此处应用连词what。句首首字母应大写。故填What。
8．Tears came to my eyes as I realized a fool I had been to judge Jim’s father as a failure.
8. what
解析：考查感叹句。句意：我的眼里充满了泪水，因为我意识到我之前把吉姆的父亲猜测为失败者是多么的愚蠢。What a fool! （真是个傻瓜！）本句中第一个as“因为”引导原因状语从句。realized 后面跟的是宾语从句“what a fool I had been.”故填what。
9．What he said made me recognize silly mistakes I had made.
9. what
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：他的话使我认识到我犯了多么愚蠢的错误。此处为感叹句作宾语从句，其结构为“what+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+其他”。故填what。
10．I cannot tell you how (delight) I was with the beautiful birthday present you gave me.
10. delighted
解析：考查形容词。句意：我无法告诉你我收到你送给我的漂亮生日礼物有多高兴。动词tell的直接宾语为how引导的感叹句。根据I was可知，此处考查be delighted with sth，意为“因……而感到高兴”，修饰人，表示“高兴的”应用delight的形容词delighted，作表语，故此处的感叹句how后接delighted。故填delighted。
并列句when句型典型用法
when可用作并列连词，相当于 and at this// that time，意为“正在这/那时；突然”，用于下列句式：
1. had just done sth. when....表示“刚做完某事，这时发生另一件事”。
She had just finished her meal when the waiter brought the bill.
她刚吃完晚饭，这时服务员就拿来了账单。
2. was/were doing sth. when....表示“某人正在做某事，这时发生另一件事”。
We were hiking in the mountains when it started to snow.
我们正在山里徒步，这时开始下雪了。
3. was/were about to do sth. when... 表示“某人正要做某事，这时发生另一件事”。
He was about to miss the bus when it suddenly stopped for him.
他差点就错过公交车了，这时车突然为他停了下来。
4. was/were on the point of doing sth...when...表示“某人正要做某事, 这时发生另一件事”。
I was on the point of leaving the office when my boss asked for an urgent meeting.
我正要离开办公室，这时老板突然要求开紧急会议。
【跟踪训练】根据所给汉语和提示翻译下列各句。
1．Henry (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
1. was fixing
解析：考查动词时态。句意：亨利正在修车时听到了尖叫声。他抬头一看，只见埃里克吊在阳台上。由 when he heard the screams可知，这里是be doing...when...结构，表示 “正在做某事这时……”，根据heard 可知，此处用过去进行时，其结构为was/were + 现在分词，主语Henry 是第三人称单数，be动词用was，fix的现在分词是fixing。故填was fixing。
2．I (wander) through the streets when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop.
2. was wandering
解析：考查动词时态。句意：我正在街上闲逛时，这时我看见一家裁缝店。根据句意及所给句子可知，句子使用固定句型sb. be doing sth. when...，表示“某人正在做某事，这时……”，由“when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop”可知，主句使用过去进行时，主语为I，be动词用was。故填was wandering。
3．He (look) for a house when he saw an advertisement in a newspaper one day.
3. was looking
解析：考查固定句型和时态。句意：他正在找房子的时候，有一天在报纸上看到了一则广告。look for“寻找”。本句用固定句型“主语+was/were doing sth. when...”用来描述在过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，这时突然发生了另一个动作或事件。所以本空用过去进行时，主语为He，be动词用was。故填was looking。
4．Mary (just finish) her homework when her father asked her to have a rest.
4. had just finished
解析：考查动词时态。句意：玛丽刚做完作业，她父亲就叫她休息一下。根据句意可知，“完成作业”这个动作发生在“父亲叫她休息”之前，“父亲叫她休息”发生在过去；因此需要用过去完成时。故填had just finished。
5．We were just about (leave) when Jerry arrived.
5. to leave
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：Jerry到达时，我们正要离开。be about to do sth.意为“正要做某事”，为固定短语，故空格处应填to leave。
括号法—应对阅读理解长难句中复杂并列句
阅读理解长难句应对最简单有效的办法是遇到各种从句、非谓语、介词短语等用括号括起来视为一个单位，从而达到“去枝叶，留主干”删繁就简的目的，快速理解句子含义。
1. (2025全国一卷阅读C篇) Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead.
翻译：许多家长表示，路上车辆太多，孩子们无法安全步行上学，所以他们转而开车送孩子去学校。
理解：Many parents say (there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school) (宾语从句), (so they pack them into the car instead) (并列句).
2. (2025全国一卷阅读C篇) Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow.
翻译：微塑料已成为全球范围内一种常见的污染源 —— 它们沉积在深海和喜马拉雅山脉，嵌入火山岩中，填满海鸟的胃，甚至出现在南极的新鲜积雪里。
理解： Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they( have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas) (并列1), (stuck inside volcanic rocks) (并列2), (filled the stomachs of seabirds) (并列3) and (even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow) (并列4).
【跟踪训练】用括号法把下列各句的并列部分括起来。
1. (2025全国一卷语法填空) Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
2. (2025全国二卷阅读C篇) Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone (激素) in our body.
3. (2025全国二卷阅读D篇) For two weeks in March, Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED, and served items like fried skate cartilage, a juice pulp burger, and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad.
4. (2025全国二卷七选五) Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence.
5. (2025全国二卷完形填空) Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the doubters wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an inspiration or many social media users.
【参考答案】
1.( the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move) 四个并列名词短语作主语
2.( but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone (激素) in our body) 并列句
3.( fried skate cartilage, a juice pulp burger, and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad) 四个名词短语作介词宾语
4.( improved grades and increased self-confidence) 两个并列名词短语作宾语
5.( but she has proved…)并列句；(she has proved…and has indeed become…) 并列句
(
并列句和感叹句
综合能力提升
)
一、单项语法填空
在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.（2021浙江卷1月）In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
1. and
解析：考查连词。句意：在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中，科学家们发现，世界各地的人们体重越来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知，that people worldwide are getting heavier和that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.都是found引导的宾语从句，是并列关系，故填and。
2.（2020浙江1月卷）It's also that they are on average healthier __________more productive for longer.
2. and
解析：考查连词。句意：而且，平均而言，他们更健康，更长寿。结合上下文语境可知此处连接上下文两个并列短语应用连词and，故填and。
3．They speak English not only in class also in the dormitory.
3. but
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：他们不仅在课堂上说英语，在宿舍里也说英语。not only...but also...“不仅……而且……”是固定搭配。故填but。
4．The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30 am to 5:00 pm is located at Roma Street station.
4. and
解析：考查连词。句意：失物招领处的办公时间为周一至周五上午7:30至下午5:00，位于罗马街站。前后两个句子是并列关系，都在描述失物招领处的相关信息，所以用and连接。故填and。
5． you like classical music or pop music, this music festival has a wide range of performances for you.
5. Whether
解析：考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你喜欢古典音乐还是流行音乐，这个音乐节都为你准备了各种各样的表演。whether...or...是固定搭配，意为“无论……还是……；不管……还是……”，引导让步状语从句，whether位于句首首字母大写。故填Whether。
6．So try a few tests online start thinking about your future career right now!
6. and
解析：考查并列连词。句意：所以，试着在网上做几个测试，现在就开始考虑你的未来职业吧！前后两句为并列关系，应用连词and连接两个祈使句，故填and。
7．Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy angry human faces, according to a new study.
7. and
解析：考查并列连词。句意：一项新的研究表明，狗可能确实能够区分快乐和愤怒的人脸。此处为固定搭配：between...and...“在……和……之间”。故填and。
8．Without motivation, you can neither set a goal reach it.
8. nor
解析：考查连词。句意：没有动力，你既不能设定目标也不能实现它。此处为连词“neither…nor…”连接两个并列结构，表示“既不……也不……”符合句意，所以此处使用nor。故填nor。
9．Have you ever heard of the Ring of Fire It might sound like something straight out of science fiction, it is a real place.
9. but
解析：考查连词。句意：你听说过 “环太平洋火山带” 吗？这听起来可能像是科幻小说里的东西，但它是一个真实存在的地方。根据句意可知，空格前的内容给人一种虚幻的感觉，空格后说 “它是一个真实存在的地方”与之形成转折。“but”为转折连词，能很好地体现前后语义上的转折，表明虽然名字听起来带有虚构色彩，但实际上是真实的地理事物。故填but。
10．Either Tom his twin sisters are going to put on a performance tomorrow evening.
10. or
解析：考查固定短语。句意：不是汤姆就是他的双胞胎姐妹明天晚上要演出。固定短语either...or...表示“要么……要么……”，符合题意。故填or。
11． a fantastic Chinese panting show it is!
11. What
解析：考查感叹句。句意：这是一场多么精彩的中国画展啊！根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是感叹句，空后是名词词组a fantastic Chinese panting show，应用what。故填What。
12． beautiful the West Lake looks! I have never seen a better lake.
12. How
解析：考查感叹句。句意：西湖看起来多美啊！我从未见过比这更好的湖。感叹后文形容词beautiful应用how，构成How+形容词+主语+谓语！句首单词首字母要大写。故填How。
13．I didn’t realize smart Bill was until I had a talk with him.
13. how
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：直到我和比尔谈话后，我才意识到比尔有多聪明。分析句子结构可知，空处需填引导宾语从句的引导词，空处表示“多么聪明”，句子结构为“how+形容词+主语+谓语”，空处应填how。故填how。
14．She (make) necklaces with the help of Anne when she noticed that she had made some mistakes.
14. was making
解析：考查时态及主谓一致。句意：她在安妮的帮助下做项链，这时她注意到自己犯了一些错误。所给动词make在句中作谓语；be doing... when句型表示当某人或某物正在做某事，就在这时突然又发生了另一件事，符合本句语境，结合when后分句的时态可知，该空应使用过去进行时态；主语单三人称，助动词be使用单数形式。故填was making。
15．The police (search)the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
15. were searching
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:警察正在四处搜寻凶手时，他突然出现在剧院。be doing...when...“正在做……突然……”为固定句型，且police是集合名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式；结合appeared可知，应用过去进行时，所以填were searching。
二、并列句和感叹句助力写作能力升格
书面表达句式升级：请运用准确祈使句、感叹句、并列句翻译下列各句。
1. (2025全国一卷) 令我欣慰的是，他第二天回了电话，我们约好很快见面。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2. (2025全国一卷) 我们聊了好几个小时，笑着，回忆着往昔的时光，也慢慢重拾了那些曾经失去的东西。
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. (2025全国二卷)上个月，您欣然同意撰写一篇关于加拿大体育的文章，我们都期待着能读到它。
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. (2024新课标I卷) 我还添加了一些像鸟儿和蝴蝶这样的细节以使画面更加生动。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
5. (2024新课标I卷)这次经历启发我要珍惜并探索更多自然的奇妙之处。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
6. (2024新课标I卷) 这次在公园的课拓宽了我的视野，教会我从不同角度看待事物。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
7. (2023新课标I卷) 我的建议是根据学生的语言能力对他们进行分组，或者让学生自己选择伴侣。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
8. (2021全国乙卷) 另外，尽量写下问题，及时咨询老师。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
9. (2021全国乙卷) 最后，让我们成为智慧网络学习者，学业进步。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
10. (2021全国乙卷) 遵循这些忠告，我们就会成为智慧的网络学习者。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
1. To my relief, he called back the next day, and we agreed to get together soon.
2. We talked for hours, laughing, remembering old times, and slowly rebuilding what had been lost.
3. Last month, you kindly agreed to write an article about sports in Canada, and we’re all looking forward to reading it.
4. I also added some details like birds and butterflies to make the picture more vivid.
5. This experience has inspired me to cherish and explore more of the wonders of nature.
6. This class in the park broadened my horizons and taught me to look at things from different perspectives.
7. My suggestion is to group students based on their language abilities or to let students choose their own partners.
8. In addition, try to write down the problems and consult the teacher in time.
9. Finally, let’s be smart online learner and make more progress in study.
10. Follow these tips, and we will become smart online learners.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题05并列句和感叹句
(
目录
01知识脑图·学科框架速建
02考点精析·知识能力全解
【知能解读
01
】
并列句概述
【知能解读02】并列句
表示
并列关系
【知能解读03】并列句
表示
转折关系
【知能解读04】并列句
表示选择
关系
【知能解读05】并列句
表示因果
关系
03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破
【重难点突破01】what 引导的感叹句
【重难点突破02】how 引导的感叹句
【重难点突破0
3
】含
感叹句的宾语从句的用法
04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗
【易混易错01】
并列句when句型典型用法
05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解
【方法技巧】括号法—应对阅读理解长难句中并列句
)
01 并列句概述
并列句：并列句属于英语三大句型之一，另外还有简单句和复合句。学好并列句一要掌握其基本知识框架，二要把握高考考向，三要加强训练，查漏补缺。
02 并列句表示并列关系
1. 并列连词and连接两个或两个以上动词、名词、形容词、副词、动名词或介词短语等。
构成“A and B”或者“A, B and C”结构。此考点在语法填空、读后续写频繁出现，请予以高度重视。
He likes swimming and hiking during his free time. （两个动名词并列）
他空闲时喜欢游泳和徒步旅行。
She drank a cup of tea and ate a piece of cake for dessert. （两个谓语动词并列）
她喝了一杯茶，吃了一块蛋糕当甜点。
The recipe calls for flour, sugar and eggs as the basic ingredients. （三个名词并列）
这个食谱需要面粉、糖和鸡蛋作为基本原料。
He spent the afternoon cleaning his room, doing laundry and organizing his desk. （三个动名词并列）
他整个下午都在打扫房间、洗衣服和整理书桌。
2. and用于“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构，表示顺承关系。
Exercise regularly, and you’ll feel more energetic every day. 定期锻炼，你每天都会感觉更有活力。
Follow the traffic rules, and you’ll avoid accidents on the road. 遵守交通规则，你就能避免路上的事故。
One step at a time, and you’ll climb the mountain easily. 一步一步来，你会轻松爬上这座山。
Consistent effort, and your grades will improve gradually. 持续努力，你的成绩会逐渐提高。
3. 其他表示并列关系的短语。
both…and…表示“不但……而且……”；not only…but (also)…表示“不但……而且……”，also可以省略；as well as表示“又，而且”。
She likes both classical music and rock ’n’ roll. 她既喜欢古典音乐，也喜欢摇滚乐。
Not only the students but also the teacher enjoys the activity. 不仅学生，老师也喜欢这个活动。
The father, as well as his children, likes hiking. 父亲和他的孩子们都喜欢徒步旅行。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (2025全国一卷) Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, 64 the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
2. (2025浙江1月卷) Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead on the fact that they have something unique to wear 59 are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.
3. (2024新课标II卷) Recalling watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 65 see how Tang’s play was being performed.”
4. (2023九省联考卷) He reports that his students are taking more care with their work, and their self-confidence has improved as well. He is happy with the improvement he sees in his students’ writing 43 in his own writing.
5.（2023新课标II卷）It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 44 to see the pandas settle into their new home.
6.（2022新课标I卷）After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, __________ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
7.（2022新课标II卷）He hung on for a few minutes ___________ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
8.（2022全国乙卷）The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ____________ cultural exchanges.
9.（2021全国I卷）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ___________offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.
10.（2021全国II卷）I found the contact information of the company________ emailed its president.
11．Leave us more time to do our homework we will have difficulty finishing all of it.
12．Listen carefully, you’ll understand what the teacher means.
13．Don’t run too fast for the first hour, you won’t have enough energy left for the rest of the race.
14．He as well as his wife ( invite) to the party last week.
15．Not only Tom and Mary but also I (be) fond of swimming.
03并列句表示转折关系
1. 连词but, yet连接两个分句，前后句在逻辑上构成转折关系。
注意although, although, as引导的倒装句不能与but连用。
I tried my best to solve the problem, but I still failed. 我尽全力解决这个问题，但还是失败了。
The task is difficult, yet we will manage to finish it on time. 任务很难，但我们会设法按时完成。
Although he is poor, he is always happy. 虽然他很穷，但他总是很开心。
Hard as she tried, she couldn’t pass the exam. 虽然她努力了，但没通过考试。
2. while/whereas还可以位于句中，表示前后对比，意为“不过，但是”, whereas比较正式。
Some people prefer tea, while others like coffee. 有些人喜欢茶，不过另一些人喜欢咖啡。
John is quiet, whereas his brother is very talkative. 约翰很安静，而他的哥哥很健谈。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.（2023全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 65 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
2.（2021全国甲卷）My bike was old and shaky ______ did the job.
3．I might have given you more help, I was too busy.
4．Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park I had an idea of going to a nicer place.
5．The point guard is a key player, it was like he wasn’t even on the court!
04并列句表示选择关系
or（或者）, either...or... （或者……或者）, not...but.. （不是……而是）, neither…nor…（既不……也不）引导并列句，前后两个分句为选择关系。
You can stay at home, or you can go out with me. 你可以待在家里，或者跟我出去。
Either he is telling the truth, or he is lying. 他要么在说真话，要么在撒谎。
She didn’t cry, but laughed loudly. 她没有哭，而是大声笑了。
She can neither speak French nor write it. 她既不会说法语，也不会写法语。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.（2023新课标I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 38 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
2．You can either solve the problem by yourself, ______ seek help from your classmates.
3．Whether it’s out of love and interest, a desire to help those with hearing loss, simply for situations where speaking is difficult due to illness, sign language can be very useful.
4．The disagreement was so sharp that neither he I knew how to settle it.
5．We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good bad purposes.
05并列句表示因果关系
连词for, so表因果关系，for连接的分句一般不放在句首。
She must have gone out, for the door is open. 她一定出去了，因为门是开着的。
It was getting late, so we decided to go home. 天晚了，因此我们决定回家。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．I’m not outgoing I’m a little anxious right now.
2．Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, _______ plants can spread to new places.
3．She is very busy these days, she can’t go to the party with us.
4．She must have gone out early, she didn’t show up at breakfast.
5．It has been separated from other continents for millions of years, it has many plants and animals that cannot be found anywhere else in the world.
01 what 引导的感叹句
感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、赞赏和愤怒等情绪。what是感叹形容词，中心词必须是名词，名词前可以有冠词和形容词修饰，注意感叹句用陈述语序。What引导的感叹句典型场合：
1. What +a (n)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!
What an amazing movie we watched! 我们看了一部多么精彩的电影啊！
2. What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!
What beautiful paintings you drew! 你画了多么漂亮的画啊！
3. What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!
What useful advice you gave! 你给出了多么有用的建议啊！
★易错提醒：注意区分名词是可数名词还是不可数名词以及后边用陈述语序。
02 how引导的感叹句
how是感叹副词，用作程度状语，修饰形容词、副词或谓语动词。注意感叹句用陈述语序。具体有四种类型。
1. How +形容词+主语+谓语!
How interesting the movie was! 那部电影多么有趣啊！
2. How+副词+主语+谓语!
How loudly the children are shouting! 孩子们喊得多大声啊！
3. How+形容词+ a (n)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!
How amazing an experience this was! 这是一次多么惊人的经历啊！
4. How+主语+谓语!
We met as freshmen, and now we’re graduating. How time flies!
我们刚入学时还是新生，现在却要毕业了。时光飞逝啊！
★易错提醒：“What +a (n)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”可以和“How+形容词+ a (n)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”转换。
How interesting an idea he has! =What an interesting idea he has! 他有一个多么有趣的想法啊！
03 含感叹句的宾语从句的用法
1.主句+what+a(n)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语。
注意点：保持感叹句陈述语序；what的中心名词必须是名词；名词区分不可数名词以及可数名词单复数。
She said what a lovely song it was. 她说那是一首多么动听的歌啊。
I know what an interesting book you have bought! 我知道你买了一本多么有趣的书！
2.主句+how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。
She thought how beautiful the city was. 她认为这座城市多么美丽。
We are talking about how amazing the movie is. 我们在谈论这部电影有多精彩。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1． happy I felt when I put on the new clothes!
2．— You seem to be in a really good mood.
—I finished my last test today. What relief! Now I’m free.
3． great fun it is to have a bowl of ice cream on such a hot day!
4． silly it was of you to give up such a good chance.
5． a sweet victory to be envied by those women!
6．The shocking news made me realize terrible problems we would face and life would be like in the future.
7．The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. a dangerous scene it was!
8．Tears came to my eyes as I realized a fool I had been to judge Jim’s father as a failure.
9．What he said made me recognize silly mistakes I had made.
10．I cannot tell you how (delight) I was with the beautiful birthday present you gave me.
并列句when句型典型用法
when可用作并列连词，相当于 and at this// that time，意为“正在这/那时；突然”，用于下列句式：
1. had just done sth. when....表示“刚做完某事，这时发生另一件事”。
She had just finished her meal when the waiter brought the bill.
她刚吃完晚饭，这时服务员就拿来了账单。
2. was/were doing sth. when....表示“某人正在做某事，这时发生另一件事”。
We were hiking in the mountains when it started to snow.
我们正在山里徒步，这时开始下雪了。
3. was/were about to do sth. when... 表示“某人正要做某事，这时发生另一件事”。
He was about to miss the bus when it suddenly stopped for him.
他差点就错过公交车了，这时车突然为他停了下来。
4. was/were on the point of doing sth...when...表示“某人正要做某事, 这时发生另一件事”。
I was on the point of leaving the office when my boss asked for an urgent meeting.
我正要离开办公室，这时老板突然要求开紧急会议。
【跟踪训练】根据所给汉语和提示翻译下列各句。
1．Henry (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
2．I (wander) through the streets when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop.
3．He (look) for a house when he saw an advertisement in a newspaper one day.
4．Mary (just finish) her homework when her father asked her to have a rest.
5．We were just about (leave) when Jerry arrived.
括号法—应对阅读理解长难句中复杂并列句
阅读理解长难句应对最简单有效的办法是遇到各种从句、非谓语、介词短语等用括号括起来视为一个单位，从而达到“去枝叶，留主干”删繁就简的目的，快速理解句子含义。
1. (2025全国一卷阅读C篇) Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead.
翻译：许多家长表示，路上车辆太多，孩子们无法安全步行上学，所以他们转而开车送孩子去学校。
理解：Many parents say (there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school) (宾语从句), (so they pack them into the car instead) (并列句).
2. (2025全国一卷阅读C篇) Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow.
翻译：微塑料已成为全球范围内一种常见的污染源 —— 它们沉积在深海和喜马拉雅山脉，嵌入火山岩中，填满海鸟的胃，甚至出现在南极的新鲜积雪里。
理解： Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they( have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas) (并列1), (stuck inside volcanic rocks) (并列2), (filled the stomachs of seabirds) (并列3) and (even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow) (并列4).
【跟踪训练】用括号法把下列各句的并列部分括起来。
1. (2025全国一卷语法填空) Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
2. (2025全国二卷阅读C篇) Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone (激素) in our body.
3. (2025全国二卷阅读D篇) For two weeks in March, Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED, and served items like fried skate cartilage, a juice pulp burger, and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad.
4. (2025全国二卷七选五) Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence.
5. (2025全国二卷完形填空) Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the doubters wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an inspiration or many social media users.
(
并列句和感叹句
综合能力提升
)
一、单项语法填空
在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.（2021浙江卷1月）In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
2.（2020浙江1月卷）It's also that they are on average healthier __________more productive for longer.
3．They speak English not only in class also in the dormitory.
4．The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30 am to 5:00 pm is located at Roma Street station.
5． you like classical music or pop music, this music festival has a wide range of performances for you.
6．So try a few tests online start thinking about your future career right now!
7．Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy angry human faces, according to a new study.
8．Without motivation, you can neither set a goal reach it.
9．Have you ever heard of the Ring of Fire It might sound like something straight out of science fiction, it is a real place.
10．Either Tom his twin sisters are going to put on a performance tomorrow evening.
11． a fantastic Chinese panting show it is!
12． beautiful the West Lake looks! I have never seen a better lake.
13．I didn’t realize smart Bill was until I had a talk with him.
14．She (make) necklaces with the help of Anne when she noticed that she had made some mistakes.
15．The police (search)the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
二、并列句和感叹句助力写作能力升格
书面表达句式升级：请运用准确祈使句、感叹句、并列句翻译下列各句。
1. (2025全国一卷) 令我欣慰的是，他第二天回了电话，我们约好很快见面。
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2. (2025全国一卷) 我们聊了好几个小时，笑着，回忆着往昔的时光，也慢慢重拾了那些曾经失去的东西。
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3. (2025全国二卷)上个月，您欣然同意撰写一篇关于加拿大体育的文章，我们都期待着能读到它。
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4. (2024新课标I卷) 我还添加了一些像鸟儿和蝴蝶这样的细节以使画面更加生动。
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5. (2024新课标I卷)这次经历启发我要珍惜并探索更多自然的奇妙之处。
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6. (2024新课标I卷) 这次在公园的课拓宽了我的视野，教会我从不同角度看待事物。
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7. (2023新课标I卷) 我的建议是根据学生的语言能力对他们进行分组，或者让学生自己选择伴侣。
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8. (2021全国乙卷) 另外，尽量写下问题，及时咨询老师。
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9. (2021全国乙卷) 最后，让我们成为智慧网络学习者，学业进步。
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10. (2021全国乙卷) 遵循这些忠告，我们就会成为智慧的网络学习者。
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