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专题11 现在分词
(
目录
01知识脑图·学科框架速建
02考点精析·知识能力全解
【知能解读01】
现在分词形式多样化
【知能解读02】
现在分词短语作定语
【知能解读03】
现在分词短语作表语
03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破
【重难点突破01】现在分词短语作补足语
【重难点突破02】现在分词短语作插入语
04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗
【易混易错01】现在分词短语作状语
05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解
【方法技巧】现在分词与状语从句的省略
)
01 现在分词形式多样化
现在分词的被动式、完成式和否定式（以动词do为例）
内容 主动 用法
否定式 not doing Not knowing his address, I couldn’t visit him. 因为不知道他的地址，我没法去拜访他。
一般式 doing He stormed out, slamming the door. 他气冲冲摔门而去。
被动式 being done Being treated in the hospital, he missed the exam. 由于正在医院接受治疗，他错过了考试。
完成式 having done Having read the book, he wrote a review. 读完这本书后，他写了一篇评论。
完成被动式 having been done Having been told the news, she burst into tears. 被告知那个消息后，她大哭起来。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (try) many times already, Mr. Brown still couldn’t solve the problem.
2. Not (know) her address or phone number, we couldn't get in touch with her.
3. With crowds of journalists (surround) him, he was at a loss what to say.
4. (tell) many times, he still made the same mistake.
5. The matter (discuss) now is of vital importance and it concerns our plan.
02 现在分词短语作定语
1. 现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作，单个现在分词作前置定语。
The sleeping child is only five years old.
正在睡觉的孩子只有五岁。
We followed the winding path through the forest.
我们沿着蜿蜒的小路穿过森林。
2. 现在分词短语修饰名词作后置定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。
The girl sitting by the window is my sister.
坐在窗边的女孩是我妹妹。
I know the boy playing football on the playground.
我认识那个在操场上踢足球的男孩。
3. measure, weigh表示“测量起来……长”，“称起来……重”，作定语只能用现在分词形式。
We need a rope measuring at least 50 meters for this climbing task.
这项攀爬任务需要一根至少 50 米长的绳子。
The box weighing 20 kilograms was too heavy for the child to carry.
那个重 20 公斤的箱子太重了，孩子搬不动。
4. belong to属于, date from=date back to追溯到, consist of由……组成, arise from由……引起，take place举行, break out爆发, 等短语常用现在分词形式作定语。
We visited a temple dating from the Ming Dynasty during our trip.
旅行中我们参观了一座始建于明代的寺庙。
The painting belonging to a private collector was exhibited last month.
那位私人收藏家的画作上个月展出了。
5.易错提醒：having done不能作定语；being done作定语，表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作。
The experiment being conducted in the lab now requires careful observation.
实验室里正在进行的实验需要仔细观察。
The novel being written by the famous author currently will be published next year.
那位著名作家正在写的小说将于明年出版。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. An exhibition (feature)Chinese civilisation was held at the Palace Museum, with more than 130 pieces or sets of precious cultural relics displayed.
2. The Yangtze River, (originate) from the “roof of the world”, is about 2.7 times the length of the Pearl River.
3. The matter (discuss) now is of vital importance and it concerns our plan.
4. The equipment (measure) only 3 millimeters in length can detect the electronic signals.
5. A medical team (consist) of 5 doctors and 2 nurses set off for the earthquake stricken area.
6. Ian has a brother (work) in a bank in London and a sister (study) economics at university in Manchester.
7. Lots of students (stand) outside of the office are waiting for their examination results.
8. The smart window, (function) as a solar panel, generates electricity while allowing natural light to flood the room.
9. It is said that the treasured painting (belong) to the City Museum was secretly stolen.
10. We’re excited that a satellite (weigh) 10 tons was successfully placed in orbit yesterday.
03 现在分词短语作表语
1. 现在分词作表语，放在系动词之后，说明主语的身份、性质或情况，常翻译为“令人……”。
The idea sounds exciting. 这个主意听起来很令人兴奋。
The situation is becoming alarming.局势正变得令人担忧。
2. 过去分词作表语，表示“感到……”，主语多为人。
The tiger was frightening and he was too frightened to move.
老虎很可怕，他吓得不敢动了。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. So he remained (stand) upright, and since he was tired, he yawned.
2. The guests came in, but she remained (sit) by the desk.
3. (sit) in the armchair is an old man in his eighties.
4. Progress is always (motivate); any small progress can inspire positive emotions that will make you work harder.
5. The plot of the drama was so (absorb) that the girl was attracted by it.
01 现在分词短语作补足语
1.观感使役类动词接现在分词作宾补，表示与宾语之间主动关系。
妙记--注意让迈克听听看看这块表有啥感觉（汉语谐音）
(notice, let, make, hear, listen to, see, observe, watch, have, feel)。
I noticed a group of children playing in the park.
我注意到一群孩子正在公园里玩耍。
He felt his heart beating fast when he saw her.
看到她时，他感觉自己的心跳得很快。
2. 现在分词用于“with+名词/代词+ doing”结构，表示与宾语之间主动关系。
We sat on the grass with children laughing around us.
我们坐在草地上，孩子们在周围嬉笑着。
She stood there with tears rolling down her cheeks.
她站在那里，眼泪顺着脸颊滚落。
3.易错提醒：上述结构用过去分词表示与宾语之间被动关系。
With the problem solved, we all felt a sense of relief.
问题解决后，我们都松了一口气。
She couldn’t go to the party with her leg broken.
因为腿断了，她不能去参加派对。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. I suddenly woke up at midnight when I heard someone (knock) at the door.
2. He stood on the sidewalk with his hands (bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat.
3. In 1943, a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke (rise) from a small part of his land.
4. The earthquakes that happened recently around the globe leave us (wonder) if there will be more trouble ahead.
5. With the guide (show) us around these scenic spots, we are sure to have a merry time.
02 现在分词短语作插入语
现在分词短语作插入语时，通常与句子主体用逗号隔开，独立于句子的语法结构之外，用于补充说明说话人的态度、看法，或提供额外的背景信息、解释说明等。
frankly/honestly/strictly speaking 坦率地/如实地/严格地说
judging from/by根据…来判断
talking of 谈到
considering考虑到……
Honestly speaking, the movie wasn’t as good as I expected.
老实说，这部电影没我预期的那么好。
Judging from his accent, he must be from the south of China.
从他的口音判断，他一定来自中国南方。
Talking of travel, have you been to Japan
说到旅行，你去过日本吗？
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (compare) traditional guidebooks with digital planners, travelers have found the latter more user-friendly.
2. Generally (speak), he is a talented student.
3. (judge) from your grades, you’ve been putting a lot of effort into your studies.
4. (judge) from the current situation, a new plan should be put forward as soon as possible.
5. (talk) of travel, have you ever been to Beijing
01 现在分词短语作状语
1. 现在分词短语作状语用来修饰主句的动作或状态，通常表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随、方式、结果等逻辑关系。其逻辑主语通常与主句的主语一致，且与主句之间常用逗号隔开。
Walking along the street, I met an old friend.
在街上走的时候，我遇到了一位老朋友。
They walked in the park, talking and laughing.
他们在公园里散步，有说有笑。
2. having done作状语，表示该动作早于谓语动词动作发生。
Having finished his homework, he started watching TV.
完成作业后，他开始看电视。
Having lived in China for years, he still can’t speak Chinese well.
虽然在中国住了多年，他还是说不好中文。
3.现在分词短语的否定式是在其前边加上否定词not。
Not knowing his address, I can’t send him the letter.
由于不知道他的地址，我没法给他寄信。
Not having studied hard, he failed the final exam.
因为没有努力学习，他期末考试没通过。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Jessica and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, ________ (stop) everywhere from Paris to Singapore.
2. He sat there for two hours, ________ (consider) how to design the advertisement.
3. ________ (stare) at the stars, she felt a sense of peace wash over her, as if all the worries had suddenly faded away.
4. ________ (tell) many times, he still made the same mistake.
5. ________ (wait) in the queue for an hour, the man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.
现在分词与状语从句的省略
状语从句含有it is或者主从句主语一致且含有be动词时，省略主语和be动词。如果用“从属连词+现在分词”，强调从句谓语动词与句子主语之间的主动关系；“从属连词+过去分词”强调二者之间被动关系。
While (I am) studying, I always listen to light music. 学习时，我总听轻音乐。
When (he was) asked about the accident, he kept silent.
★易错提醒：before和after后接动词，只能接动名词作宾语。
He became more confident after winning the competition. 赢得比赛后，他变得更自信了。
The document needs to be reviewed before being submitted.文件在提交前需要审核。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. I was taught by my tai chi coach how to relax my muscles and focus on peace of mind while ____________ (perform) the routine.
2. When ____________ (serve) in the army during the Second World War, he carried six chapters of the book.
3. While ____________ (hike) in the mountains, they often stop to admire the scenery.
4. If ____________ (paint) green, the door might look more beautiful.
5. When ____________ (compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the similarities.
(
现在分词
综合能力提升
)
一、单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (2025北京卷)When (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences.
2.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
3.（2023新课标I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left ___________ (want) more next time.
4.（2023全国乙卷） (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
5.（2023天津3月卷）________(date) back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history.
6.（2023新课标II卷）They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 40 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
7.（2022新课标I卷） ___________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
8.（2022全国甲卷）Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, ___________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
9.（2022新课标II卷）When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the __________ (fall) child.
10.（2022全国乙卷）To strengthen the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
11.（2021新课标II卷）I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ___________ (think)it is food.
12.（2021北京卷）From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, ___________ (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss.
13.（2021新课标I卷）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ___________ (ache) legs.
14.（2021浙江1月卷）This may be due to some disadvantages for people ___________ (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
15.（2020全国III卷）And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds, ___________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
二、现在分词助力读后续写
1. (2025全国一卷)一天晚上，我拿起电话给他留了条语音信息，问我们能不能见个面。
________________________________________________________________________________________
2. (2025全国一卷)我的同学们围着我，他们的问题像潮水般涌了出来。
________________________________________________________________________________________
3. (2024浙江1月卷)作为一名大一新生，她经常在6层楼的迷宫中迷路，这让她非常无助。
________________________________________________________________________________________
4. (2023新高考I卷)当我读到那封宣布我的文章获得第一名的贺信时，我的心跳加速！
________________________________________________________________________________________
5. (2023新高考I卷)泪水几乎模糊了我的视线，我给了他一个大大的拥抱。
________________________________________________________________________________________
6. (2023新高考I卷) “祝贺你！”我的老师骄傲地说，眼里噙满了泪水。
________________________________________________________________________________________
7. (2023新高考I卷)当我走进办公室时，他从办公桌上抬起头来，脸上洋溢着自豪的笑容。
________________________________________________________________________________________
8. (2023新高考I卷)有人叫我去参加写作比赛的颁奖典礼，我惊讶得目瞪口呆。
________________________________________________________________________________________
9. (2023新高考I卷)他拍了拍我的肩膀，深情地笑了笑：“最重要的是你的努力。”
________________________________________________________________________________________
10. (2023新高考I卷)每当回首这件事，我都对他感激不尽。
________________________________________________________________________________________
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题11 现在分词
(
目录
01知识脑图·学科框架速建
02考点精析·知识能力全解
【知能解读01】
现在分词形式多样化
【知能解读02】
现在分词短语作定语
【知能解读03】
现在分词短语作表语
03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破
【重难点突破01】现在分词短语作补足语
【重难点突破02】现在分词短语作插入语
04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗
【易混易错01】现在分词短语作状语
05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解
【方法技巧】现在分词与状语从句的省略
)
01 现在分词形式多样化
现在分词的被动式、完成式和否定式（以动词do为例）
内容 主动 用法
否定式 not doing Not knowing his address, I couldn’t visit him. 因为不知道他的地址，我没法去拜访他。
一般式 doing He stormed out, slamming the door. 他气冲冲摔门而去。
被动式 being done Being treated in the hospital, he missed the exam. 由于正在医院接受治疗，他错过了考试。
完成式 having done Having read the book, he wrote a review. 读完这本书后，他写了一篇评论。
完成被动式 having been done Having been told the news, she burst into tears. 被告知那个消息后，她大哭起来。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (try) many times already, Mr. Brown still couldn’t solve the problem.
1. Having tried
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：布朗先生已经尝试了很多次了，但还是没能解决这个问题。此处try与Mr. Brown为主动关系，结合后文already可知已经完成，用having done形式，首字母大写。故填Having tried。
2. Not (know) her address or phone number, we couldn't get in touch with her.
2. knowing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：由于不知道她的地址和电话号码，我们无法和她联系。设空处在句中作非谓语动词，和句子的逻辑主语we之间是逻辑主动关系，应用现在分词。故填knowing。
3. With crowds of journalists (surround) him, he was at a loss what to say.
3. surrounding
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：一群记者围着他，他不知道说什么好。分析句子结构可知，设空处位于with独立主格结构上，其逻辑主语为journalists，二者之间为主动关系，此处应用现在分词形式；结合句意及提示词可知，此处应填surrounding。故填surrounding。
4. (tell) many times, he still made the same mistake.
4. Having been told
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然被告诉过很多次，他还是犯了同样的错误。句子谓语是made，tell用非谓语动词形式，主语he与tell为被动关系，再由语境和many times可知，“被告诉”的动作发生在“犯错误”之前，需用现在分词的完成被动式having been done形式，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Having been told。
5. The matter (discuss) now is of vital importance and it concerns our plan.
5. being discussed
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：现在正在讨论的这件事至关重要，它关系到我们的计划。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，分析句子结构可知，and连接的两个并列句中的前一个句中已有谓语动词is，因此discuss应用非谓语动词形式。根据时间状语now及语境可知，讨论这一动作正在进行，且The matter与discuss之间为被动关系，所以应用现在分词的被动式being discussed。故填being discussed。
02 现在分词短语作定语
1. 现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作，单个现在分词作前置定语。
The sleeping child is only five years old.
正在睡觉的孩子只有五岁。
We followed the winding path through the forest.
我们沿着蜿蜒的小路穿过森林。
2. 现在分词短语修饰名词作后置定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。
The girl sitting by the window is my sister.
坐在窗边的女孩是我妹妹。
I know the boy playing football on the playground.
我认识那个在操场上踢足球的男孩。
3. measure, weigh表示“测量起来……长”，“称起来……重”，作定语只能用现在分词形式。
We need a rope measuring at least 50 meters for this climbing task.
这项攀爬任务需要一根至少 50 米长的绳子。
The box weighing 20 kilograms was too heavy for the child to carry.
那个重 20 公斤的箱子太重了，孩子搬不动。
4. belong to属于, date from=date back to追溯到, consist of由……组成, arise from由……引起，take place举行, break out爆发, 等短语常用现在分词形式作定语。
We visited a temple dating from the Ming Dynasty during our trip.
旅行中我们参观了一座始建于明代的寺庙。
The painting belonging to a private collector was exhibited last month.
那位私人收藏家的画作上个月展出了。
5.易错提醒：having done不能作定语；being done作定语，表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作。
The experiment being conducted in the lab now requires careful observation.
实验室里正在进行的实验需要仔细观察。
The novel being written by the famous author currently will be published next year.
那位著名作家正在写的小说将于明年出版。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. An exhibition (feature)Chinese civilisation was held at the Palace Museum, with more than 130 pieces or sets of precious cultural relics displayed.
1. featuring
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在故宫博物院举办的一场中华文明展中，展出了 130 余件/套珍贵文物。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰An exhibition，An exhibition和feature为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填featuring。
2. The Yangtze River, (originate) from the “roof of the world”, is about 2.7 times the length of the Pearl River.
2. originating
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：长江发源于“世界屋脊”，其长度约是珠江的2.7倍。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词is，设空处应用非谓语动词，主语The Yangtze River与originate之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作定语。故填originating。
3. The matter (discuss) now is of vital importance and it concerns our plan.
3. being discussed
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：现在正在讨论的这件事至关重要，它关系到我们的计划。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，分析句子结构可知，and连接的两个并列句中的前一个句中已有谓语动词is，因此discuss应用非谓语动词形式。根据时间状语now及语境可知，讨论这一动作正在进行，且The matter与discuss之间为被动关系，所以应用现在分词的被动式being discussed。故填being discussed。
4. The equipment (measure) only 3 millimeters in length can detect the electronic signals.
4. measuring
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这台长度仅为三毫米的设备能够探测电子信号。此处为非谓语动词作定语，句中已有谓语动词can detect，故空格处应用非谓语动词形式，The equipment和measure之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，即主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填measuring。
5. A medical team (consist) of 5 doctors and 2 nurses set off for the earthquake stricken area.
5. consisting
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：一支由5名医生和2名护士组成的医疗队出发前往地震灾区。consist of和team之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作定语，故填consisting。
6. Ian has a brother (work) in a bank in London and a sister (study) economics at university in Manchester.
6. working，studying
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：伊恩有一个在伦敦银行工作的哥哥和一个在曼彻斯特大学学习经济学的姐姐。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词has，第一个空应填非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词brother，work与逻辑主语brother之间为主动关系，应用work的现在分词形式；第二个空应填非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词sister，study与逻辑主语sister之间为主动关系，应用study的现在分词形式。故填working和studying。
7. Lots of students (stand) outside of the office are waiting for their examination results.
7. standing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：许多学生站在办公室外面等待考试结果。stand和students之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作定语，故填standing。
8. The smart window, (function) as a solar panel, generates electricity while allowing natural light to flood the room.
8. functioning
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这款智能窗户兼具太阳能电池板的功能，在让自然光充满房间的同时发电。此处为非谓语动词短语作后置定语，修饰主语The smart window，function意为“起作用；运转”，逻辑主语The smart window与function之间为主动关系，因此用现在分词形式。相当于定语从句which functions as a solar panel。故填functioning。
9. It is said that the treasured painting (belong) to the City Museum was secretly stolen.
9. belonging
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：据说这幅属于市博物馆的珍贵画作被秘密偷走了。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作painting的后置定语，belong to“属于”和painting逻辑上是主动关系，因此用belong的现在分词形式。故填belonging。
10. We’re excited that a satellite (weigh) 10 tons was successfully placed in orbit yesterday.
10. weighing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们非常兴奋，一个重达10吨的卫星在昨天被成功放入轨道。分析句子可知，设空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，weigh作为“重达，有......多重”之意时只有主动形式，故应用现在分词。故填weighing。
03 现在分词短语作表语
1. 现在分词作表语，放在系动词之后，说明主语的身份、性质或情况，常翻译为“令人……”。
The idea sounds exciting. 这个主意听起来很令人兴奋。
The situation is becoming alarming.局势正变得令人担忧。
2. 过去分词作表语，表示“感到……”，主语多为人。
The tiger was frightening and he was too frightened to move.
老虎很可怕，他吓得不敢动了。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. So he remained (stand) upright, and since he was tired, he yawned.
1. standing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：于是他依旧笔直地站着，由于疲惫不堪，他打了个哈欠。此处现在分词作表语，强调动作的持续性。故填standing。
2. The guests came in, but she remained (sit) by the desk.
2. sitting
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：客人们进来了，但她仍然坐在桌子旁边。remain为系动词，又sit和she为逻辑主动关系，故其后接现在分词作表语，表示正在进行的主动动作，remain doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“依然做某事，保持某动作”。故填sitting。
3. (sit) in the armchair is an old man in his eighties.
3. Sitting
解析：考查倒装句。句意：坐在扶手椅上的是一位八十多岁的老人。分析句子的结构可知，此处是倒装句，结构为“现在分词短语+be+主语”。故填Sitting。
4. Progress is always (motivate); any small progress can inspire positive emotions that will make you work harder.
4. motivating
解析：考查现在分词。句意：进步总是激励人的；任何小的进步都会激发积极情绪，而那会让你更有干劲。空处用现在分词作表语，表示“激励人的”，用作表语的分词通常具有形容词性质，现在分词作表语主要表示主语的性质和特征，故填motivating。
5. The plot of the drama was so (absorb) that the girl was attracted by it.
5. absorbing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这出戏的情节如此吸引人，女孩被它吸引住了。分析句子结构，此处用非谓语动词形式。修饰前面主语，指物用动词现在分词形式，相当于形容词作表语，absorbing吸引人的，符合题意。故填absorbing。
01 现在分词短语作补足语
1.观感使役类动词接现在分词作宾补，表示与宾语之间主动关系。
妙记--注意让迈克听听看看这块表有啥感觉（汉语谐音）
(notice, let, make, hear, listen to, see, observe, watch, have, feel)。
I noticed a group of children playing in the park.
我注意到一群孩子正在公园里玩耍。
He felt his heart beating fast when he saw her.
看到她时，他感觉自己的心跳得很快。
2. 现在分词用于“with+名词/代词+ doing”结构，表示与宾语之间主动关系。
We sat on the grass with children laughing around us.
我们坐在草地上，孩子们在周围嬉笑着。
She stood there with tears rolling down her cheeks.
她站在那里，眼泪顺着脸颊滚落。
3.易错提醒：上述结构用过去分词表示与宾语之间被动关系。
With the problem solved, we all felt a sense of relief.
问题解决后，我们都松了一口气。
She couldn’t go to the party with her leg broken.
因为腿断了，她不能去参加派对。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. I suddenly woke up at midnight when I heard someone (knock) at the door.
1. knocking
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：半夜时分，我突然醒来，因为听到有人在敲门。when引导的从句中已有谓语heard，空处作非谓语动词，此处someone与knock为主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填knocking。
2. He stood on the sidewalk with his hands (bury) in the pockets of his dark overcoat.
2. buried
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他站在人行道上，双手插在黑大衣的口袋里。本句谓语为stood，此处为非谓语动词，且bury“把……插入（某物）”与hands构成被动关系，故用过去分词，作宾补。故填buried。
3. In 1943, a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke (rise) from a small part of his land.
3. rising
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：1943年，一位墨西哥农民惊讶地看到他一小片土地上有烟冒起。see... doing sth.表示“看到……正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行，这里看到烟正在升起，rise与smoke是主动关系，所以用现在分词rising作宾语补足语。故填rising。
4. The earthquakes that happened recently around the globe leave us (wonder) if there will be more trouble ahead.
4. wondering
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：最近在全球发生的地震让我们不禁怀疑前方是否会有更多的麻烦。本句谓语为leave，此处为wonder“想知道”的非谓语形式，leave sb. doing sth.为固定短语，意为“让某人一直做某事”，所以空处用现在分词形式，作宾语补足语。故填wondering。
5. With the guide (show) us around these scenic spots, we are sure to have a merry time.
5. showing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：有导游带我们游览这些景点，我们一定会玩得很开心。此处为with的复合结构，即“with + 宾语 + 宾补”，show与宾语the guide之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式作宾补。故填showing。
02 现在分词短语作插入语
现在分词短语作插入语时，通常与句子主体用逗号隔开，独立于句子的语法结构之外，用于补充说明说话人的态度、看法，或提供额外的背景信息、解释说明等。
frankly/honestly/strictly speaking 坦率地/如实地/严格地说
judging from/by根据…来判断
talking of 谈到
considering考虑到……
Honestly speaking, the movie wasn’t as good as I expected.
老实说，这部电影没我预期的那么好。
Judging from his accent, he must be from the south of China.
从他的口音判断，他一定来自中国南方。
Talking of travel, have you been to Japan
说到旅行，你去过日本吗？
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (compare) traditional guidebooks with digital planners, travelers have found the latter more user-friendly.
1. Comparing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：将传统旅行指南与数字规划工具相比较后，旅行者们发现后者对用户更友好。空处为句子状语，且主语travelers与compare之间是主动关系，故用现在分词comparing作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Comparing。
2. Generally (speak), he is a talented student.
2. speaking
解析：考查固定短语。句意：一般来说，他是个有天赋的学生。根据空前“Generally”可知此处为短语“generally speaking”，表示“一般来说”，应填speak的现在分词形式。故填speaking。
3. (judge) from your grades, you’ve been putting a lot of effort into your studies.
3. Judging
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：从你的成绩来看，你在学习上付出了很多努力。judging from是固定短语，意为“根据……判断”，在句中作独立成分，作状语，不受句子主语和时态的影响，无论主语是什么，都用judging from的形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Judging。
4. (judge) from the current situation, a new plan should be put forward as soon as possible.
4. Judging
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：从目前的情况来看，应该尽快提出新的计划。judging from为独立成分，是一种固定的搭配形式，意为“根据……来判断”或“由……来判定”。judging位于句首，首字母大写。故填Judging。
5. (talk) of travel, have you ever been to Beijing
5. Talking
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：说到旅行，你去过北京吗？分析句子，句中have been为谓语动词，talk应使用非谓语动词。talking of表示“谈到，说到”，可以视作插入语，其为独立结构，它在句子中没有逻辑上的主语，作为习惯用法或固定短语，用来修饰整个句子。同时设空处置于句首，开单词首字母需大写。故填Talking。
01 现在分词短语作状语
1. 现在分词短语作状语用来修饰主句的动作或状态，通常表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随、方式、结果等逻辑关系。其逻辑主语通常与主句的主语一致，且与主句之间常用逗号隔开。
Walking along the street, I met an old friend.
在街上走的时候，我遇到了一位老朋友。
They walked in the park, talking and laughing.
他们在公园里散步，有说有笑。
2. having done作状语，表示该动作早于谓语动词动作发生。
Having finished his homework, he started watching TV.
完成作业后，他开始看电视。
Having lived in China for years, he still can’t speak Chinese well.
虽然在中国住了多年，他还是说不好中文。
3.现在分词短语的否定式是在其前边加上否定词not。
Not knowing his address, I can’t send him the letter.
由于不知道他的地址，我没法给他寄信。
Not having studied hard, he failed the final exam.
因为没有努力学习，他期末考试没通过。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Jessica and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, ________ (stop) everywhere from Paris to Singapore.
1. stopping
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：杰西卡和她的丈夫在过去两年里环游世界，从巴黎到新加坡，每个地方都停留过。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词have spent，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，stop与其逻辑主语Jessica and her husband为主动关系，需用现在分词形式作状语，表示伴随。故填stopping。
2. He sat there for two hours, ________ (consider) how to design the advertisement.
2. considering
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他坐在那里两个小时，考虑如何设计这个广告。句中已有谓语动词sat，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，he和consider为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填considering。
3. ________ (stare) at the stars, she felt a sense of peace wash over her, as if all the worries had suddenly faded away.
3. Staring
解析：考查非谓语。句意：她凝视着星空，一种平静感涌上心头，仿佛所有的忧虑都突然消失了。分析句子结构可知，此空考查非谓语，she与stare at为主动关系，再由语境可知，这里应用现在分词作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Staring。
4. ________ (tell) many times, he still made the same mistake.
4. Having been told
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然被告诉过很多次，他还是犯了同样的错误。句子谓语是made，tell用非谓语动词形式，主语he与tell为被动关系，再由语境和many times可知，“被告诉”的动作发生在“犯错误”之前，需用现在分词的完成被动式having been done形式，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Having been told。
5. ________ (wait) in the queue for an hour, the man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.
5. Having waited
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：排了一个小时的队后，那人突然意识到他把支票忘在车里了。句子主语 the man和wait之间是主动关系，且wait这个动作发生在realized之前，强调动作的先后顺序，所以用现在分词的完成式 Having waited 作时间状语。故填Having waited。
现在分词与状语从句的省略
状语从句含有it is或者主从句主语一致且含有be动词时，省略主语和be动词。如果用“从属连词+现在分词”，强调从句谓语动词与句子主语之间的主动关系；“从属连词+过去分词”强调二者之间被动关系。
While (I am) studying, I always listen to light music. 学习时，我总听轻音乐。
When (he was) asked about the accident, he kept silent.
★易错提醒：before和after后接动词，只能接动名词作宾语。
He became more confident after winning the competition. 赢得比赛后，他变得更自信了。
The document needs to be reviewed before being submitted.文件在提交前需要审核。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. I was taught by my tai chi coach how to relax my muscles and focus on peace of mind while ____________ (perform) the routine.
1. performing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我的太极教练教我如何在练习时放松肌肉、集中精神保持内心的平静。设空处位于连词while后作状语，动词perform与其逻辑主语I之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词形式作状语。故填performing。
2. When ____________ (serve) in the army during the Second World War, he carried six chapters of the book.
2. serving
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在第二次世界大战期间服役时，他随身携带了这本书的六章内容。空处应填非谓语动词和when构成时间状语，逻辑主语he和serve之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填serving。
3. While ____________ (hike) in the mountains, they often stop to admire the scenery.
3. hiking
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在山区徒步旅行时，他们经常停下来欣赏风景。句子主语“they”和动词“hike”之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式hiking。故填hiking。
4. If ____________ (paint) green, the door might look more beautiful.
4. painted
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：如果把这扇门漆成绿色，它可能会看起来更美观一些。此处为条件状语从句中的省略，从句主语和主句主语一致，且paint与door构成被动关系，所以此处省略了“主语+be动词”，此处用paint的过去分词形式。故填painted。
5. When ____________ (compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the similarities.
5. comparing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当比较不同的文化时，我们经常只关注差异而没有注意到相似之处。compare与主语we之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式comparing作状语。故填comparing。
(
现在分词
综合能力提升
)
一、单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (2025北京卷)When (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences.
1. Traveling
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：旅行时，我们接触不同文化和体验不同经历。句子主语“we”与“travel”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，构成“when+现在分词”的状语从句省略结构。故填traveling。
2.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
2.borrowing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。
3.（2023新课标I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left ___________ (want) more next time.
3.wanting
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。
4.（2023全国乙卷） (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
4.Having visited
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having visited。
5.（2023天津3月卷）________(date) back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history.
5. Dating
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：京剧的起源可以追溯到18世纪，距今已有200多年的历史。date back to“追溯到，始于”，其后接表示具体时间的名词，没有被动语态；根据句中已有谓语动词has，且无连词，可知此处要用非调语动词，此处是现在分词形式作状语。故填Dating。
6.（2023新课标II卷）They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 40 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
6.visiting
解析：考查形容词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语；visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。
7.（2022新课标I卷） ___________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
7. Covering
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。
8.（2022全国甲卷）Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, ___________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
8. planning
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。
9.（2022新课标II卷）When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the __________ (fall) child.
9. falling
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1.2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
10.（2022全国乙卷）To strengthen the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
10. inviting
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。
11.（2021新课标II卷）I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ___________ (think)it is food.
11. thinking
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构，___________ (think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。
12.（2021北京卷）From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, ___________ (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss.
12. resulting
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：2000年至2019年，全球共发生重大自然灾害7348起，造成经济损失2.97万亿美元。7,348 major natural disasters around the world与result是逻辑主谓关系，且表示一种自然的结果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填resulting。
13.（2021新课标I卷）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ___________ (ache) legs.
13. aching
解析：考查非谓语动词。修饰legs用现在分词aching，表示主动和进行的动作。故填aching。
14.（2021浙江1月卷）This may be due to some disadvantages for people ___________ (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
14. living
解析：考查非谓语动词。结合语境空白处需要一个现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。故填living。
15.（2020全国III卷）And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds, ___________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
15. surrounding
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft clouds ___________ (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。
二、现在分词助力读后续写
1. (2025全国一卷)一天晚上，我拿起电话给他留了条语音信息，问我们能不能见个面。
________________________________________________________________________________________
2. (2025全国一卷)我的同学们围着我，他们的问题像潮水般涌了出来。
________________________________________________________________________________________
3. (2024浙江1月卷)作为一名大一新生，她经常在6层楼的迷宫中迷路，这让她非常无助。
________________________________________________________________________________________
4. (2023新高考I卷)当我读到那封宣布我的文章获得第一名的贺信时，我的心跳加速！
________________________________________________________________________________________
5. (2023新高考I卷)泪水几乎模糊了我的视线，我给了他一个大大的拥抱。
________________________________________________________________________________________
6. (2023新高考I卷) “祝贺你！”我的老师骄傲地说，眼里噙满了泪水。
________________________________________________________________________________________
7. (2023新高考I卷)当我走进办公室时，他从办公桌上抬起头来，脸上洋溢着自豪的笑容。
________________________________________________________________________________________
8. (2023新高考I卷)有人叫我去参加写作比赛的颁奖典礼，我惊讶得目瞪口呆。
________________________________________________________________________________________
9. (2023新高考I卷)他拍了拍我的肩膀，深情地笑了笑：“最重要的是你的努力。”
________________________________________________________________________________________
10. (2023新高考I卷)每当回首这件事，我都对他感激不尽。
________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
1.One evening, I picked up the phone and left him a voice message, asking if we could meet.
2. My classmates surrounded me, their questions pouring out like a stream.
3. Being a freshman, she tended to get lost in the 6-story maze, leaving her so helpless.
4. My heart raced as I read the letter announcing that my essay had won first place!
5. With tears almost blurring my vision, I gave him a big hug.
6."Congratulations!" my teacher said, pride and tears filling his eyes.
7. As I entered the office, he looked up from his desk, his face beaming with pride.
8. I was told to attend the award presentation for the writing contest, my jaw dropping in astonishment.
9. Patting my shoulder, he smiled affectionately, “It is your efforts that count most.”
10. Whenever looking back on this incident, I feel extremely grateful to him.
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