资源简介

第01讲 阅读理解——应用文
目录
01 考情解码·命题预警 2
02 体系构建·思维可视 3
03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 4
考点一 考查应用文中的计算题 4
知识点1直接计算题 4
知识点2 间接计算题 4
考点二 考查信息理解题 12
知识点1 直接信息题 12
知识点2 间接信息题 13
考点三 考查找共同点 19
考点四 考查文章出处 20
考点五 考查读者对象 23
考点六 考查写作目的 25
04真题溯源·考向感知 28
阅读理解之应用文
年份 卷别 主题语境 话题分类
2025 新高考I卷 人与社会 不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比
新高考II卷 人与自然 四个市场小镇及其特色和亮点
浙江卷1月 人与社会 图书馆间借阅服务的相关信息
2024 新高考I卷 人与自然 保护生态栖息地恢复小组细节
新高考II卷 人与自然 参加卡洛秋季徒步节种方案
全国甲卷 人与社会 艺术节艺术展览和艺术制作活动
浙江卷1月 人与社会 音乐剧《汤姆·索亚：河上历险记》
北京卷 人与社会 语言交流项目的相关信息
2023 新高考I卷 人与社会 自行车租赁和雇佣导游的细节
新高考II卷 人与自然 黄石国家公园提供的几项护林员项目
全国甲卷 人与社会 曼谷美食之旅的建议
全国乙卷 人与社会 四位从医人员的生平与事迹
浙江卷1月 人与社会 探险家营地的相关信息
北京卷 人与社会 成为国际奥委会青年领袖的项目以及要求
2022 新高考I卷 人与社会 文学概论课程评分办法
新高考II卷 人与社会 关于儿童博物馆团体游的相关信息
全国甲卷 人与社会 Cardiff当地的一些剧院和娱乐场所
全国乙卷 人与社会 画家亨利·雷伯恩爵士的展览
北京卷 人与自我 同伴辅助学习课程(PASS)
天津卷 人与自我 大学生活做更好准备的四个技巧
考情分析： 1．从命题内容上看，高考命题主要从以下几方面考查：内容贴近日常生活，它包括：广告、通知、便条、课程选择、申请书、个人简介、商品说明与介绍、新闻报道等，形式多样，题材各异，如图示、表格等。需要特别说明的是：随着科技的发展需要，要特别重视理科相关知识的应用文。它们主要包括实验步骤说明、实验报告、工艺操作流程、研究报道的相关图表等。 2．从命题思路上看： 应用文主要考查细节理解，近年来也会考查推理判断、写作意图以及读者对象等。应用文阅读材料简单明了，主要考查考生快速而准确地获取和理解文中具体细节信息的能力。 预计2026年应用文仍然是命题的必考点。复习过程中要熟练掌握应用文的命题特点和解题方法，做到应用文阅读拿满分。
复习目标 1.掌握应用文的文体特点及命题分布点。 2.掌握应用文解题技巧。 3.熟悉应用文的易错原因并在训练中强化避免。
(
) 考点一 考查应用文中的计算题
知识点1 直接计算题
数字计算题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单计算。一般来说，计算量都比较小，容易计算。这类计算题从文中找到相关信息，直接进行相关的计算就可以得出答案。数字计算题最常用的解题方法：1.仔细理解题干中的信息要求；2.从文章中定位计算需要的信息；3.通过简单的计算得出答案。
知识点2 间接计算题
应用文文中的计算题有时需要考虑间接的隐含条件才能计算正确。这些“暗”信息会涉及附加条件以及对某个难句的理解，从这个角度上讲，理解文中相应的复杂句是解这类题的关键。数字计算题的话题有：1.广告类；2.故事类；3. 科普知识类；4.史地自然类；5.文化教育类。设问方式以when，in which year，how many/much等疑问词(组)开头引出问题。解此类试题常用“整合推算”法。
此类题要求考生对具体细节信息,尤其是年龄、时间、数量等数字信息进行加工,但此类试题的重点不在于计算,而在于考查考生对具体信息的处理能力,故试题设置的计算一般比较简单。
【思维导图】
间接计算题一定要注意文章中隐藏的附加条件，这是造成计算失误的重要因素，所以在做应用文计算题时，一定要认真细致，避免简单题做错。
考向1 考查直接计算题
例1 （2025全国I卷）The greening of planes, trains and automobiles
Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.
The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green.
PLANES — Synthetic hydrocarbons The hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for sustainable fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air. CARS — Batteries Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services. New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge.
TRAINS — Electricity Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. TRUCKS — Hydrogen fuel cells Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive. SHIPS — Liquid ammonia Liquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, but it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign.
This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke.
1. What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018
A. 11.6%. B. 45.1%. C. 74.5%. D. 86.1%.
例2 （2025年1月浙江高考）
Interlibrary Loan (ILL) provides teachers, students and staff with access to books that are checked out or not owned by our own libraries, as well as digitized copies of articles and book chapters from our collection.
Who Can Borrow
Current students, teachers (including retired) and staff can request items through ILL. Interlibrary loan is not available to former students, guest borrowers or fee-card holders.
How Long Does It Take
Articles are usually received within 1-2 days and books in 5-10 days. However, obtaining items that are rare, recently published or in high demand may take longer. To speed up the process, please make sure the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate.
Length of Loans
Loan periods are established by the lending library. All due dates are noted on the label. Borrowed items are subject to recall by the lending library. Any restrictions established by the lending library will be indicated on the label. No renewals (续借) are allowed for physical items borrowed through ILL.
Notification/Delivery Options
For a physical item, you will be notified by email when it arrives. Items are picked up at one of our libraries—the one you selected in the ILL Request Form. For an article or book chapter, you will be notified by email when it is available. To obtain the article or chapter, click on the link provided in the email and log into your ILL account. Once in your account, select Electronic Articles Received.
Interlibrary Loan Fees
Library Type Loan Cost Article/Chapter Cost
Non-Profit Libraries $15 $10
For-Profit Libraries $20 $12
International Libraries $25 $15
23．How much do you pay for two articles obtained from an international library
A．$15. B．$20. C．$24. D．$30.
例3 （2018年全国Ⅲ卷）Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens
Visitor Information
How to Get to Holker
By Car： Follow brown signs an A590 from JB6, M6.Approximale travel times: Windermere-20 minutes, Kendal-25 minutes, Lancaster-45 minutes, Manchester-1 hour 30 minutes.
By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster Preston for connections to major cities & airports.
Opening Times
Sunday-Friday (closed on Saturday)11:00 am-4:00pm,30 March-2nd November.
Admission Charges
Hall & Gardens Gardens
Adults: 12.00 8.00
Groups 9 5.5
Producers: Market 13th April
Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.
Holker Garden Festival 30th May
The event celebrate its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.
National Garden Day 28th August
Holker once again opens is gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.
Winter Market 8th November
This is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifs while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.
21. How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester
A. 20minutes. B. 25 minutes.
C. 45 minutes. D. 90 minutes.
22. How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit to Hall & Cardens
A. l2.00. B. 9.00.
C. 8.0 D. 5.50
【变式训练·变载体】（2025届江西省多校联考高三下学期5月适应性考试）
Classical Art & Digital Design
The Non-degree in Classical Art & Digital Design is a 3-year program taught in English, which combines the fundamental of figurative and digital art. This course is designed for the students who are strongly interested in working as artists in visual and entertainment industries.
If accepted to the program, you will be required to pay a $950 registration fee to secure your place on the program. The fee is treated as a down payment and will be applied toward your tuition bill. Your registration fee must be submitted within 15 days of receiving your acceptance email.
Fees
Application Fee $0
Tuition Fee $14,000 per year
Entry Requirements
All students from all countries are qualified to apply to this program.
Accommodation
You will need to book the accommodation after you have been accepted.
You can choose to live on campus or off campus in private accommodation.
Application process
The first steps are to choose the programs, pay the application fee and upload the application documents.
·Once submitted to Global Admissions, we will review your application within 2 — 3 days and proceed to the university or ask you for further clarification.
·After it has been processed to the university, you will receive your unique application ID from each university.
·The university may contact you directly for further questions.
·We will then follow up each week with the university for updates. As soon as there is any update we will let you know.
After you have been accepted, you will receive your admission letter electronically and be asked to pay the deposit (押金) to the university.
·Once you have paid the deposit, the university will issue you with the admission letter and visa form to your home country.
1．What can we learn about the course
A．It is an online course. B．It is open to global students.
C．It requires $950 for application. D．It is for English-speaking countries.
2．What will you get after paying the deposit
A．The visa form. B．Your application ID．
C．The electronic admission letter. D．The requirement of clarification.
3．How much tuition fee will a student pay to finish the program totally
A．$950. B．$14,000. C．$14,950. D．$42,000.
考向2 考查直接计算题
例1 (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) 2023新课标I卷—自行车租赁与旅行
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake(刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears(排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour ?7.50 ?5.00
3 hours ?11.00 ?7.50
1 day (24 hours) ?14.75 ?9.75
Each additional day ?8.00 ?6.00
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
2. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days
A. ?15.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?22.75. D. ?29.50.
例2(2023浙江1月卷)—探险家营地
Explorers Camp
Full day camp for kids aged 5-13.
Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.
Week 1 | July 8-12
Week 2 | July 15-19
Week 3 | July 22-26
Register for a single week or multiple weeks.
Fees: $365 per week.
The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund(退款) is June 15.
Camp Structure
The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group. Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm). Snack periods are held throughout the day. All campers should bring their own bagged lunch and snacks.
Camp Content
Explorers Camp organizes engaging arts, history and science-related activities in every! class, and focuses on a range of topics that emphasize active learning, exploration and, most of all, fun! All camp sessions are created with age-appropriate activities that are tailored to the multiple ways that kids learn.
Camp Staff
Campers enjoy a staff-to-child ratio ranging from 1:4 to 1:7 depending on the age group. Instructors are passionate educators who are experts in their fields and have undergone training and a background check.
23. How many hours of class will you have altogether if you register for a single week
A. 15. B. 21. C. 30. D. 42.
例3 (2018年江苏卷) The Metropolitan Museum of Art
1000 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10028
211-535-7710 www.metmuseum.org
Entrances
Fifth Avenue at 82nd Street
Hours
Open 7 days a week.
Sunday-Thursday 10:00-17:30
Friday and Saturday 10:00-21:00
Closed Thanksgiving Day, December 25, January 1, and the first Monday in May.
Admission
$25.00 recommended for adults, $12.00 recommended for students, includes the Main Building and The Cloisters(回廊）on the same day; free for children under 12 with an adult.
Free with Admission
All special exhibitions, as well as films, lectures, guided tours, concerts, gallery talks, and family/children's programs are free with admission.
Ask about today's activities at the Great Hall Information Desk.
The Cloisters Museum and Gardens
The Cloisters museum and gardens is a branch of The Metropolitan Museum of Art devoted to the art and architecture of Europe in the Middle Ages. The extensive collection consists of masterworks in sculpture, colored glass, and precious objects from Europe dating from about the 9th to the 15th century.
Hours: Open 7 days a week.
March-October 10:00-17:15
November-February 10:00-16:45
Closed Thanksgiving Day, December 25, and January 1.
56. How much may they pay if an 11-year-old girl and her working parents visit the museum
A. $12. B. $37.
C. $ 50. D. $ 62
【变式训练·变载体】
（2025·湖南省长沙市四大名校名师猜题卷（C））
Toronto Zoo
Same planet. Different world.
WE ARE OPEN YEAR-ROUND
The Toronto Zoo is Canada’s premier Zoo offering over 5,000 animals and incredible exhibits including the award-winning Gorilla Rainforest, home to our western lowland gorilla troop. Visit our six indoor pavilions and enjoy daily keeper talks at your favorite animal exhibits. Stop by and see some adorable Zoo babies, including our zebra foal, cheetah cubs and the playful orangutan youngsters. NEW Great Barrier Reef Exhibit — explore one of the great wonders of the world, right here at the Toronto Zoo, in the newly renovated Australasia Pavilion! FREE with admission.
Visit to learn about upcoming year-round special events, promotions and what’s new at the zoo! WE ARE EASY TO FIND!
·Take Hwy 401 east or westbound to Meadow vale Rd. In Scarborough (Exit #389)
·Go north on Meadow vale Rd. and follow the signs to Zoo entrance. NEED TO KNOW
Hours: Open daily except December 25th. Hours change seasonally. Call (416)392-5929 for hours of operation or visit .
Food Options*: Open year-round: Africa Harvey’s & Peacock Café. Open seasonally: Africa Pizza-pizza, Africa Snack Bar, America Harvey’s, America Mr. Sub, Simba Safari Lodge (licensed) and Beaver Tails.
Assistance: Family Centre for diaper changes and medical assistance. Rental strollers, wagons and wheelchairs available at main entrance.*
Admission: General (13-64): $20.00 Seniors (65+): $14.00, Children (4-12): $12.00, Children (3 & under): Free.
Parking: $8.00 Price subject to change without notice.
Corporate Functions: Don’t let the fun in your next event become extinct. Call (416)392-5940. Book Today!
*Seasonal schedules apply. Weather permitting. Subject to change without notice. Visit for more details.
1．What can we know about the New Great Barrier Reef Exhibit
A．It is only open during the summer. B．It requires an additional fee to enter.
C．It is located in the Gorilla Rainforest. D．It is housed in the Australasia Pavilion.
2．How much will a young couple driving a car with two kids aged 2 and 12 pay for a visit
A．$ 40. B．$ 60. C．$ 52. D．$72.
3．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To advertise the Toronto Zoo’s new exhibits.
B．To provide details about visiting the Toronto Zoo.
C．To compare the Toronto Zoo with other zoos.
D．To explain the history of the Toronto Zoo.
(
) 考点二 考查信息理解题 (
)
知识点1 直接信息题
直接信息题常以应用文的形式出现在考题中，涉及的话题有：广告类、活动安排类、书籍或电影介绍类、演出信息类等。
“带着问题找答案”先从题干中提取关键性词语(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段哪一句有关，然后仔细推敲，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案。简言之，可采用“一找二定三比对”的方法。
【思维导图】
知识点2 间接信息题
间接信息题常在记叙文、说明文或议论文中考查，会涉及“人与自我”“人与社会”和“人与自然”三大主题语境。解此类试题常用“同义转换”法。
该类题的特点是试题题干或选项中的关键词语通常使用同义词或近义词甚至反义词来替换文中的相关细节信息,例如,使用book对文中的reserve进行同义转换,用less different对文中的more in common进行同义转换。
【思维导图】
考向1 考查直接信息题（直接从文中找到信息）
例1（2024新课标Ⅰ卷）HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM
Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys.
GROUPS
Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form.
AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING
Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15.
Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed.
We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary.
Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch.
No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community service requirements.
UPCOMING EVENTS
Time Meeting Location
Sunday, Jan. 15 10:00 am — 1:00 pm Battery Alexander Trailhead
Sunday, Jan. 22 10:00 am — 2:30 pm Stinson Beach Parking Lot
Sunday, Jan. 29 9:30 am — 2:30 pm Coyote Ridge Trailhead
22. What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team
A. 5. B. 10. C. 15. D. 18.
例2（2024新课标Ⅱ卷）Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers
The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner, experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks.
Walk 1 — The Natural World
With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an informative tour. Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs.
Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 09:00
Start Point: Scratoes Bridge
Walk Duration: 6 hours
Walk 2 — Introduction to Hillwalking
Emmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all. This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips.
Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 09:00
Start Point: Deerpark Car Park
Walk Duration: 5 hours
Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the Stars
Walking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone. Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs. A torch (手电筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark. Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.
Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 18:30
Start Point: The Town Hall
Walk Duration: 3 hours
Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest
This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild. Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path.
Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 11:45
Start Point: Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area
Walk Duration: 1.5 hours
1. Which walk takes the shortest time
A. The Natural World. B. Introduction to Hillwalking.
C. Moonlight Under the Stars. D. Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest.
【解题思维过程】
●题干关键词→the shortest time
●文章定位：Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest →Walk Duration: 1.5 hours
●解析思维过程→6>5>3>1.5→1.5→Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest→D
●故选D
【变式训练·变载体】（2025·四川省高三下学期第二次教学质量联合测评）
A solo getaway offers the best opportunity to immerse oneself in the authentic culture, history, and expression of a particular destination. With some planning and expert advice, your next solo journey can reach new heights.
A walk on the Wilde side in Dublin
There may be no better combination than a pint and a good book — and no better destination to engage yourself in literature than Oscar Wilde’s birthplace, Dublin, Ireland. Art and cultural historian Dr. Andrew Lear suggests a hotel with historical significance. “I highly recommend The Shelbourne, where Oscar Wilde stayed on a speaking tour in Dublin.”
Big dreams fulfilled on Petit St. Vincent
If the idea of an all-inclusive resort sounds appealing but the crowds of guests not so much, consider the private island of Petit St. Vincent, located 40 miles south of St. Vincent. Getting there is an adventure, including a private flight from Barbados to Union Island and a boat transfer. The 115-acre island features one-and two-bedroom cottages dotted throughout the grounds where visitors can get lost in the sound of gentle waves.
Hygge hunting in Copenhagen
If “hygge” — the elusive Danish definition of well-being — is your idea of an ideal getaway, Copenhagen ranks high for its thoughtful design. Denmark’s capital is the best locale to spend an afternoon coffeehouse-hopping with a stack of design magazines.
Māori magic on New Zealand’s South Island
Solo travelers looking to connect with local cultures of New Zealand’s South Island have plenty of opportunities with Māori family-owned businesses like Whale Watch Kaikoura or a day with Te Rua & Sons Pounamu Tours to explore the West Coast and perhaps to find a pounamu keepsake, a jade-like stone indigenous to the region.
1．What’s Dr. Andrew Lear’s recommendation for literature fans
A．Staying at The Shelbourne Hotel.
B．Going to the cultural hub with art galleries.
C．Booking a helicopter ride to Franz Josef Glacier.
D．Considering the private island of Petit St. Vincent.
2．How do travelers reach Petit St. Vincent from Barbados
A．Directly by boat. B．On a guided hike.
C．By boat after a private flight. D．Using the on-site dive center.
3．Which offers solo travelers opportunities to experience Māori culture
A．Dublin, Ireland. B．Petit St. Vincent.
C．Copenhagen, Denmark. D．New Zealand’s South Island.
考向2 考查间接信息理解题（试题的题干和选项进行了同义转换）
例1（2024全国甲卷）Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages.
Light Awash in Watercolor
Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880-1990: Into the Light.
Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity
From webs to cocoons, invertebrates (无脊椎动物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工艺) materials.
Wheel Throwing
Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. Then create your own masterpiece!
Knitting and Pom-Pom Making
Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (编织).
1. What do we know about ARTS FIRST
A. It is an exhibition of oil paintings. B. It offers art courses for all ages.
C. It presents recreational activities. D. It is a major tourist attraction.
2. Which program will you join if you're interested in drawing pictures
A. Light Awash in Watercolor. B. Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity.
C. Wheel Throwing. D. Knitting and Pom-Pom Making.
3. What can you do together with Javier Marin
A. Practice a traditional dance. B. Make handcrafts.
C. Visit a local museum. D. Feed invertebrates.
例2(2023年全国甲卷) Where to Eat in Bangkok
Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers. It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options. Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eating adventure.
Nahm
Offering Thai fine dining. Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary (烹饪的) experiences. It’s the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the word’s 50 best restaurants list. Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his Loodon-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.
Issaya Siamese Club
Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichai’s first flagship Bangkok restaurant. The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.
Bo.lan
Bo.lan has been making waves in Bangkok’s culinary scene since it opened in 2009. Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine’s roots, yet still manages to add a special twist. This place is good for a candle-lit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food. For those extremely hungry, there’s a large set menu.
Gaggan
Earning first place on the latest “Asia’s 50 best restaurants” list, progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues(场所) to arrive in Bangkok in recent years. The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. Culinary theater at its best.
23. What is special about Gaggan
A. It hires staff from India. B. It puts on a play every day.
C. It serves hard-to-find local dishes. D. It shows the cooking process to guests.
【变式训练·变载体】（2025·安徽省A10联盟高考原创夺冠卷（三））
Grow Dat Youth Farm
Field trips at Grow Dat provide hands-on or virtual experiential learning opportunities to e Learn With Us!School Field Trip
1.5 hours, pre school-12th grade
This interactive experience includes a brief tour of the farm, and your choice of 3stations that best with your learning goals. Our experienced and creative educators will focus on hands-on learning in nature.
◆Bird watching with binoculars
◆Insect Hunt with magnifying glasses
◆Make & eat a simple snack (depends on seasonal produce availability)
◆Scientific Drawing/ Nature ArtLearning Tour
1 hour, college students and adults
This is a complete walking tour of our 7-acre farm. You will learn about our sustainable farming practices; our youth leadership programs and our approach to education, and get a taste of our unique organizational culture.Agricultural Task
A2 hours, college students and adults
This option includes the same tour described in Learning Tour along with 45minutes of agricultural work on our sustainable urban farm.History of the Land
1.5-2 hours, all ages
This tour looks at the social and environmental history of New Orleans by telling the story of our land in City Park. Participants, explore what's happened right here in the past—tracing indigenous cultures past and present stories of slavery and liberation, all the way to the present day.Additional info for visitors:
We are unable to accommodate more than 60 youth on a single day. We can explore scheduling trips over multiple days.
Water is required for all trips.
We have two composting toilets on our farm.
We do not offer tours in July and August, and have very limited availability throughout the month of June.
1．In which tour will participants taste vegetables and fruits probably
A．Learning Tour. B．History of the Land.
C．School Field Trip. D．Agricultural Task.
2．What will visitors learn in Learning Tour and Agricultural Task
A．The eco-friendly farming techniques.
B．The stories of American Civil War.
C．The special agricultural culture.
D．The educational youth leadership.
3．What are visitors required to do
A．Avoid using toilets on the farm. B．Schedule summer vacation trips.
C．Organize a group of 60 students. D．Bring water for themselves.
(
) 考点三 找共同点 (
)
知识点 找共同点（考查综合比较）
①结构法：如果属于“总分总”结构，多从“总处”找依据；②排除法：可以运用排除法，只要一项不合要求就应该排除；③关键词法：依据题干划出关键词语，据此知道答案。
考向 共同点（考查综合比较）
例 （2021年全国甲卷）A Take a view, the Landscape（风景）Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.
Mike Shepherd(2011) Skiddaw in Winter Cumbria, England It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air. I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and though it was only a short climb, I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sum setting in the west. I used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop, to achieve the black—and—white image（图像）.
Timothy Smith(2014) Macclesfield Forest Cheshire, England I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images. Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe. a local high point, I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow. The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into the forest.
2. What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common
A. They are winter images.
B. They are in black and white.
C. They show mountainous scenes.
D. They focus on snow—covered forests.
【变式训练】（2025·河南省新乡市高三三模）
Ancient Chinese painting, with a long history, developed from simple patterns to diverse styles across dynasties. Known for its precise techniques and detailed descriptions of nature, figures, and landscapes, it highlights the talents of Chinese artists.
Five Oxen
Five Oxen was painted by Han Huang from the Tang Dynasty. It shows five oxen (牛) in various postures, with their muscles and bones delicately illustrated, including the tiny hairs around their mouths and on their heads. It’s one of the earliest surviving paper paintings in China.
Travelers Among Mountains and Streams
Fan Kuan, a famous Song Dynasty landscape painter, created Travelers Among Mountains and Streams. Its power lies in showing man’s co-existence with nature. Now, new filmmaking techniques are employed to bring the painting to life.
A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains
Wang Ximeng, at just 18, created A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains, a huge 11-meter silk scroll (卷轴) painting. Using rare colors like malachite green and azurite blue, it vividly displays a peaceful and rich landscape. This great work also shows the painter’s deep respect for nature’s beauty.
Along the River During the Qingming Festival
Along the River During the Qingming Festival by Zhang Zeduan is set in Bianjing (now Kaifeng) during the 11th-12th centuries. The 5-meter-long scroll features over 800 people, animals, boats, and buildings, describing both rural and urban scenes. It has inspired modern works like the digital animation (动画) River of Wisdom.
1．What is the most distinctive artistic feature of Five Oxen
A．Accuracy in describing details. B．Involvement of multiple species.
C．Masterful management of colors. D．Application of cutting-edge materials.
2．What do the second and third paintings have in common
A．They are scroll paintings. B．They include elements of nature.
C．They employ advanced technology. D．They emphasize the role of humans in nature.
3．Whose painting above illustrates scenes of people’s lives
A．Han Huang’s. B．Fan Kuan’s.
C．Zhang Zeduan’s. D．Wang Ximeng’s.
(
) 考点四 考查文章出处 (
)
知识点 文章出处
“推断文章出处”类试题应从文章的内容或结构入手来判断其出处：
旅游指南类文章(a travel guide)：此类文章旨在介绍某一旅游景点的自然景观和人文特色，目的是吸引游客来访。
广告英语类文章(an advertisement)：现代生活中广告无处不在，英语阅读理解也是如此。有时会考查微型海报、通知、启示、时刻表、图表等。
课件展示类文章(a class presentation)：此类文章往往紧扣主题，口语性强、语言活泼，形式新颖，伴随有图片、图表、文字介绍等信息。
网络网页类文章(an Internet page)：此类文章往往会提供超级链接标志，如For more information, please click here.
新闻报道类文章(a news report)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及人物、时政、教育、体育、科技等，突出新颖性、突发性和真实性。新闻呈“倒金字塔”结构，第一段概括全文内容最重要。
研究报告类文章(a research paper)：此类文章重点介绍科技领域最新研究成果：新发现、新思想、新发明。第一段概括介绍，然后分段陈述。文章结构严谨，语言规范，句式复杂。
图书评论类文章(a book review)：书评、影评类文章涉及到作者介绍，内容梗概、人物性格评论，写作特色以及个人好恶等内容。
科普杂志类文章(a science magazine)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及到日常生活习惯、健康饮食、太空与海洋、创造与发明、计算机发展、人类未来、动物世界等。其重点是普及科学知识，提高科学素养。
考向 考查推理判断（文章出处）
例1(2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷) Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Group Assignments (30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.
Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)
Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.
1. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook. B. An exam paper. C. A course plan. D. An academic article.
例2（2021年全国甲卷）A Take a view, the Landscape（风景）Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.
Mike Shepherd(2011) Skiddaw in Winter Cumbria, England It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air. I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and though it was only a short climb, I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sum setting in the west. I used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop, to achieve the black—and—white image（图像）.
Timothy Smith(2014) Macclesfield Forest Cheshire, England I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images. Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe. a local high point, I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow. The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into the forest.
3. Where can the text be found
A. In a history book. B. In a novel. C. In an art magazine. D. In a biography.
【变式训练】（2025·届湖南省师范大学附属中学高三下学期模拟考试（三））
According to Chinese legend, the first umbrella in We are delighted to invite you to apply to study at the University of Hong Kong (HKU). Our excellent academic standards, diverse campus, and extensive global programmes make HKU a favourite destination for bright minds from around the world.
●Admissions Standards
Admissions decisions to the University’s undergraduate degree programmes are made based on academic performance as well as other factors, including interview performance, personal statement, references, other documents submitted to the University, etc.
●Important Dates
27 Sept. 2024 — Start your application
27 Nov. (noon) 2024 — Submit your application for first-round evaluation
From 27 Nov. 2024 — Submit applications to be evaluated on a rolling basis
By 1 Dec. 2024 — Input predicted and/ or actual grades and submit supporting documents for first-round evaluation
From 1 Dec. 2024 — First-round results announced
If you receive an offer of admission — congratulations! You will be required to indicate your acceptance within three to four weeks. You will be required to pay a non-refundable deposit.
If you have not received an offer by 31 March 2025, you may assume your application has been waitlisted for evaluation during the next round. You may continue to submit any additional results in support of your application for evaluation.
22 Aug. 2025 — Applications close at noon (HKT)
●Submitting Applications
Applicants must input all their academic results, including both predicted and actual results, into the application system. Failure to do so may result in application rejection.
Please note that the information provided on the website is subject to change. Applicants are recommended to check the website as well as their applicant accounts regularly for any updates or changes to the application information.
1．What can be known about the university
A．It values extracurricular activities over grades.
B．It features excellent educational quality and diversity.
C．Its admission is determined only by academic performance.
D．The global programmes contribute most to its global appeal.
2．What should applicants do if they receive an admission offer
A．Submit supporting; documents.
B．Wait patiently for further notice.
C．Pay the full tuition immediately.
D．Confirm acceptance within a month.
3．Where is this passage most likely taken from
A．A news report. B．A student’s blog.
C．An academic journal. D．A university brochure.
(
) 考点五 考查读者对象 (
)
读者对象
做此类题目通常从文章内容入手，明确所谈话题及具体内容，体会作者使用的语言适合于哪一群体，这样才能根据文章的特点对号入座，从而得出正确判断。
考向 考查推理判断（读者对象）
例（2022年天津卷第二次）Getting into college is a big step for high school graduates, and it comes with a lot of changes. For most students, it’s the first time they’re living away from home and managing their own life. Not surprisingly, adapting to this new lifestyle can be challenging. The following four tips will make high school graduates better prepared for college life.
Goal setting
When setting goals, whether they’re academic, career, or personal, re-member they should be attainable but not too easy, so that you really have to push yourself to achieve them, and feel rewarded when you do. Writing down your goals and breaking down each huge, long-term goal into smaller more practical ones can help make it feel more real, and writing out a plan for achieving it can give you a roadmap to success.
Interpersonal skills
At college, you will interact with fellow students, professors, librarians, and many others. Strong interpersonal skills will help you build relationships during this time, and get more out of them. If you feel that your interpersonal skills need some work, practice asking thoughtful questions and listening closely, develop your understanding by putting yourself in someone else’s shoes, and enhance your self-confidence.
Studying
With fewer in-class hours and more on-your-own learning, you’re required to really digest learning material rather than simply memorize facts. To be successful in college you’ll need to learn how to integrate large amounts of information obtained through reading, do research, and write papers. Organization is the key, so if you are not someone who is naturally organized, set up your study schedule.
Budgeting
Managing money is a critical life skill, and for many, it is at college that they develop it for the first time. Start by estimating your financial balance. Then give high priority to the expenses on basic needs and determine how much money to set aside every month to cover those costs. Don’t forget about savings…and the fun stuff(movies, dinners out), too.
36. Who is this passage most probably written for
A. College teachers.
B. University graduates.
C. High school teachers.
D. Would-be college students.
【变式训练】
（2025·重庆市高三下学期5月第九次质量检测）Discover some of the real-life African locations that inspired the wild new Disney movie, Mufasa: The Lion King, explores the early life of Simba’s dad Mufasa. Follow the big cat’s journey, and discover the film’s fictional locations in reality!
Great Canyon
IN THE MOVIE: The lion group wanders through an area called the Great Canyon. There, they get caught in danger, with the monkey helping them to escape.
IN REAL LIFE: Tanzania’s Isimila Stone Age Site, the inspiration for the movie’s GreatCanyon, is estimated to be up to 100,000 years old. Scientists think that the spot was once a lake that eroded (侵蚀) over time into this large canyon, with its famous thin rock towers.
Waterfall
IN THE MOVIE: Mufasa and Taka begin their journey at an enormous waterfall.
IN REAL LIFE: The film’s waterfalls are inspired by Victoria Falls, lying on the border of Zambia and Zimbabwe. The largest sheet of falling water in the world.
Prince Taka’s homeland
IN THE MOVIE: Orphan Mufasa arrives in a vast wetland, home of a lion prince named Taka. The pair become like brothers, and Taka invites Mufasa to travel with him.
IN REAL LIFE: Prince Taka’s homeland is based on Botswana’s Okavango Delta, the African continent’s largest inland wetland. In addition to lions, some of the world’s most endangered mammals call the delta home.
Sandbar
IN THE MOVIE: At a sandbar alongside a river, Mufasa and Taka encounter Sarabi, a royal lioness. They agree to team up.
IN REAL LIFE: The real river behind the film is the Chongwe in Zambia! From a canoe, you can observe elephants in the middle of the Chongwe. Amazing!
1．What can you see in the real-life Great Canyon
A．Rock towers. B．Mountain lakes.
C．The lion group. D．The helpful monkey.
2．African’s largest inland wetland inspires the scene where .
A．Mufasa meets Taka B．Mufasa teams up with Sarabi
C．Mufasa finds his brother D．Mufasa begins his journey
3．Who is the passage most likely written for
A．Animal experts. B．Theatre actors.
C．Movie fans. D．Geography teachers.
(
) 考点六 考查写作目的 (
)
（1）解题技巧：
写作意图推断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及作者运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接表明自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。
一般来说，我们可以通过分析文章的文体特点，理解作者的词句选择和识别文章的语气来推断出作者的写作意图。
（2）目的意图题的设问方式
What is the main purpose of the author writing the text
The purpose of the text is to get more people to _______.
The writer of the story wants to tell us that________.
The fact…is mentioned by the author to show________.
The author writers the last paragraph in order to ________.
考向 考查推理判断（写作目的）
例（2021年天津卷第二次）When starting college, most students enjoy a week's stay on campus before classes actually begin. What should you do with that time Below are several tips to ease（使熟悉） yourself into college life.
Participating in Campus Welcome Activities
Most universities host welcome events before the academic year officially begins, including freshmen orientations （迎新会），campus picnics, and entertainments like concerts.
Participating in such events is a great way to learn about school facilities and understand campus culture: What do students do for fiin What are their favorite classes What is the history of your university It can help you observe campus life outside the classroom.
Exploring Campus
Getting to know where essential campus resources are—such as the student advising center, psychological services, and the tutoring center~~will make your first few weeks on campus a lot easier, because you won't have to look for them while still getting used to your classes.
Take some time to check out the buildings where your classes will be held. This will prevent you from getting lost in the first few days of classes, and familiarize you with how long it takes to get from place to place. If you're worried about taking classes one after another in different buildings, a quick test run won't hurt. That way, you will avoid potential time delays in getting to your classes.
Starting a Routine
Before getting too excited about all of the fun things you will be able to do during the week, remember that you do have a pretty big schedule change coming up. Starting classes means being in different places at different times, so it’s a great idea to start getting used to that routine right this week.
What helps you most is to schedule your sleep. Following the planned time will ensure you have enough sleep to get to those early classes and stay wide awake.
If you have other daily routines, such as exercising or talking on the phone with family, work those into your day-to-day life before classes start so that you get a better idea of how they fit in with your schedule.
40. What is the author's purpose in writing this passage
A. To offer some tips on making an easier start at college.
B. To remind freshmen about the first day of school.
C. To help freshmen organize campus activities.
D. To share his college experience with the reader.
【变式训练】（2025·云南省“美美与共”民族中学教研联盟高三下学期模拟联考（三））
Things to Remember When Booking a Group Tour
When it comes to travelling abroad, many people choose to take part in a group tour to get the most out of their holiday. However, there are always a few problems to deal with before you book your trip, because running into issues on a tour can make or break your vacation. Thankfully, travel expert Dilvin Yasa has shared her go-to tips for getting the most out of your group tour.
Budget accordingly
When planning your group tour, budgeting is one of the most important factors, as these trips are rarely all-inclusive. Dilvin Yasa told 9Travel it’s important to “read the schedule carefully before you book and add up all the exclusions until you arrive at your ‘real figure’.” Extra costs in a group tour could include lunches, dinners, attractions and additional activities, so make sure you factor these potential costs in.
Know your geography
Yasa advised against skipping between different destinations, as strict time limits could prevent you from partaking in back to back tours. “If the schedule doesn’t list distances or time between destinations, hit up Google Maps to get an idea of how long you’re expected to be in transit during each leg of the tour.”
Keep some cash on hand
While most of your tour should already be paid for before you depart, you should always be prepared for extra expenses. Especially when travelling to more remote locations, or if you’re visiting smaller food vendors or markets, you shouldn’t assume everywhere will take card payments. Yasa said, “Make sure you have local currency on you at all times and you’re good to go.”
1．What extra costs are NOT usually included in a group tour
A．Flight tickets. B．Attraction fees. C．Optional activities. D．Lunches and dinners.
2．Why does Yasa suggest checking Google Maps
A．To compare prices of attractions. B．To find local food recommendations.
C．To avoid language barriers in remote areas D．To estimate travel time between destinations.
3．What is the main purpose of the article
A．To compare group tours with solo travels.
B．To criticize the high cost of international travel.
C．To tell how to avoid common mistakes in group tours.
D．To advertise popular group tours when traveling abroad.
1. (2025·全国II卷)
English Market Towns to Visit in the UK
English market towns come in many shapes and sizes. Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries. But each town has more to do than shop.
Hereford， Herefordshire
Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189. Skirting the town square, you’ll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum. The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.
Ludlow, Shropshire
Ludlow is known as the Foodie Center of England. Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square. Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold. The three-day Ludlow Food Festival is held each September.
Shrewsbury, Shropshire
Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the anxiety. The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. Flowers are everywhere-hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters-just what you imagine in an attractive English market town.
Mevagissey, Cornwall
Even if you haven’t been to the small fishing village Mevagissey, you’ve probably seen it in a movie or British TV show. The working harbor(港口) took shape in 1774. Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets. Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Comish pie. It’s delicious.
1. Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta
A. In the Ludlow Castle. B. In the Foodie Center of England.
C. In the Hereford Cathedral. D. In the Black and White House Museum.
2. What is a feature of Shrewsbury Town Center
A. It’s situated near a big island. B. It’s almost surrounded by water.
C. It’s known for its flower festival. D. It’s easily accessible from London.
3. What does the author suggest visitors do in Mevagissey
A. Try the Cornish pie. B. Watch a British TV show.
C. Go fishing in the sea. D. Take pictures of the harbor.
2.（2024全国甲卷）Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages.
Light Awash in Watercolor
Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880-1990: Into the Light.
Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity
From webs to cocoons, invertebrates (无脊椎动物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工艺) materials.
Wheel Throwing
Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. Then create your own masterpiece!
Knitting and Pom-Pom Making
Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (编织).
1. What do we know about ARTS FIRST
A. It is an exhibition of oil paintings. B. It offers art courses for all ages.
C. It presents recreational activities. D. It is a major tourist attraction.
2. Which program will you join if you're interested in drawing pictures
A. Light Awash in Watercolor. B. Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity.
C. Wheel Throwing. D. Knitting and Pom-Pom Making.
3. What can you do together with Javier Marin
A. Practice a traditional dance. B. Make handcrafts.
C. Visit a local museum. D. Feed invertebrates.
3.【2024浙江1月卷】Tom Sawyer Play Is an Adventure
A 35-minute hand-clapping, foot-stomping musical version of a Mark Twain favorite returns with this Tall Stacks festival.
“Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure” has all the good stuff, including the fence painting, the graveyard, the island and the cave. It is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor. That’s the local stage writing team that creates many of the Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati’s original musicals, along with the holiday family musicals at Ensemble Theatre.
This year Nathan Turner of Burlington is Tom Sawyer, and Robbie McMath of Fort Mitchell is Huck Finn.
Tumer, a 10th-grader at School for Creative and Performing Arts, is a familiar presence on Cincinnati’s stages. He is a star act or of Children’s Theatre, having played leading roles in “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The Wizard of Oz,” and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”.
McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first performed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit. This summer he attended Kentucky’s Governor’s School for the Arts in Musical Theatre.
Note to teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can be taught through “Tom Sawyer.” For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children’s Theatre.
1. Who wrote the music for “Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure”
A. David Kisor. B. Joe McDonough.
C. Nathan Turner. D. Robbie McMath.
2. What can we learn about the two actors
A. They study in the same school. B. They worked together in ”Ragtime“.
C. They are experienced on stage. D. They became friends ten years ago.
3. What does Children’s Theatre provide for teachers
A. Research funding. B. Training opportunities.
C. Technical support. D. Educational resources.
4.【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park, and throughout the year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer.
Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)
Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store.
Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21)
Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone. Stay for as little or as long as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center.
Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)
From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area’s natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk.
Photography Workshops (June 19 &July 10)
Enhance your photography skills — join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.
6/19 — Waterfalls &Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point.
7/10 — Wildflowers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.
1. Which of the four programs begins the earliest
A. Photography Workshops. B. Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.
C. Canyon Talks at Artist Point. D. Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.
2. What is the short talk at Artist Point about
A. Works of famous artists. B. Protection of wild animals.
C. Basic photography skills. D. History of the canyon area.
3. Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop
A. Artist Point. B. Washburn Trailhead.
C. Canyon Village Store. D. Visitor Education Center.
5.【2023年全国乙卷】PRACTITIONERS
Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine. James Barry (c.1789 — 1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man.
Tan Yunxian (1461 — 1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with doctors. However, Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician. Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves.
1. What did Jacqueline and James have in common
A. Doing teaching jobs. B. Being hired as physicians.
C. Performing surgery. D. Being banned from medicine.
2. How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners
A. She wrote a book. B. She went through trials.
C. She worked as a dentist. D. She had formal education.
3. Who was the first African American with a medical degree
A. Jacqueline Felice de Almania. B. Tan Yunxian.
C. James Barry. D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler.
6.【2023年北京卷】The International Olympic Committee(IOC)Young Leaders programme empowers talents to make a positive difference in their communities through sport. Twenty-five Young Leaders are being selected every two years for a four-year period. They promote the Olympic values, spreading the message of sport for good.
To be an IOC Young Leader, you need to first complete the 4-Week Learning Sprint (冲刺).
4-Week Learning Sprint
The 4-Week Learning Sprint, which will take place during November 2023, is a virtual learning programme. The sessions can be attended live or watched back after they are made available on the IOC channel. Each week, participants will be asked to complete a topic﹣specific reflection task.
The 4-Week Learning Sprint is open to anyone, with the target audience aged between 20 and 28.
After successfully completing the 4-Week Learning Sprint, you will need to submit a plan for a sport﹣based project, which you will work on if selected as an IOC Young Leader.
Requirements for the Applicants
You have successfully completed the 4-Week Learning Sprint.
You have completed your high school studies.
You have at least one year of work experience.
You have strong public speaking skills.
You are self-motivated and committed.
You are passionate about creating positive change in your community.
You are open to being coached and advised by experts and peers (同伴).
You are able to work with people from different backgrounds.
1. In the 4-Week Learning Sprint, participants will ________.
A. create change in their community B. attend a virtual learning programme
C. meet people from different backgrounds D. promote the IOC Young Leaders project
2. If selected as an IOC Young Leader, one will need to ________.
A. complete a reflection task each week B. watch sports on the IOC channel
C. work on a sport-based project D. coach and advise their peers
3. Which is a requirement for the applicants
A. Spreading the message of sport for good. B. Having at least one-year work experience.
C. Showing great passion for project planning. D. Committing themselves to becoming an expert.
7.【2022年全国乙卷】Henry Raeburn (1756-1823)
The Exhibition
This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland’s best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.
Lecture Series
Scottish National Portrait (肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.
An Introduction to Raeburn Sunday 26 Oct., 15.00 DUNCAN THOMSON Raeburn’s English Contemporaries Thursday 30 Oct., 13.10 JUDY EGERTON
Characters and Characterisation in Raeburn’s Portraits Thursday 6 Nov., 13.10 NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON Raeburn and Artist’s Training in the 18th Century Thursday 13 Nov., 13.10 MARTIN POSTLE
Exhibition Times
Monday-Saturday 10.00-17.45 Sunday 12.00-17.45
Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. There is no re-admission.
Closed: 24-26 December and 1 January.
Admission
4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.
Schools and Colleges
A special low entrance charge of 2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.
1. What is the right time for attending Raeburn’s English Contemporaries
A. Sun. 26 Oct. B. Thurs. 30 Oct. C. Thurs. 6 Nov. D. Thurs.13 Nov.
2. How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission
A. 4. B. 8. C. 12. D. 16.
3. How can full-time students get group discounts
A. They should go on Sunday mornings. B. They should come from art schools.
C. They must be led by teachers. D. They must have ID cards with them.
8.【2022年全国甲卷】Theatres and Entertainment
St David’s Hall
St David’s Hall is the award winning National Concert Hall of Wales standing at the very heart of Cardiff’s entertainment centre. With an impressive 2,000-seat concert hall, St David’s Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff. It presents live entertainment, including pop, rock, folk, jazz, musicals, dance, world music, films and classical music.
The Hayes, Cardiff CF 10 1 AH
www.stdavidshallca第01讲 阅读理解——应用文
目录
01 考情解码·命题预警 2
02 体系构建·思维可视 3
03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 4
考点一 考查应用文中的计算题 4
知识点1直接计算题 4
知识点2 间接计算题 4
考点二 考查信息理解题 16
知识点1 直接信息题 17
知识点2 间接信息题 17
考点三 考查找共同点 25
考点四 考查文章出处 28
考点五 考查读者对象 32
考点六 考查写作目的 32
04真题溯源·考向感知 35
阅读理解之应用文
年份 卷别 主题语境 话题分类
2025 新高考I卷 人与社会 不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比
新高考II卷 人与自然 四个市场小镇及其特色和亮点
浙江卷1月 人与社会 图书馆间借阅服务的相关信息
2024 新高考I卷 人与自然 保护生态栖息地恢复小组细节
新高考II卷 人与自然 参加卡洛秋季徒步节种方案
全国甲卷 人与社会 艺术节艺术展览和艺术制作活动
浙江卷1月 人与社会 音乐剧《汤姆·索亚：河上历险记》
北京卷 人与社会 语言交流项目的相关信息
2023 新高考I卷 人与社会 自行车租赁和雇佣导游的细节
新高考II卷 人与自然 黄石国家公园提供的几项护林员项目
全国甲卷 人与社会 曼谷美食之旅的建议
全国乙卷 人与社会 四位从医人员的生平与事迹
浙江卷1月 人与社会 探险家营地的相关信息
北京卷 人与社会 成为国际奥委会青年领袖的项目以及要求
2022 新高考I卷 人与社会 文学概论课程评分办法
新高考II卷 人与社会 关于儿童博物馆团体游的相关信息
全国甲卷 人与社会 Cardiff当地的一些剧院和娱乐场所
全国乙卷 人与社会 画家亨利·雷伯恩爵士的展览
北京卷 人与自我 同伴辅助学习课程(PASS)
天津卷 人与自我 大学生活做更好准备的四个技巧
考情分析： 1．从命题内容上看，高考命题主要从以下几方面考查：内容贴近日常生活，它包括：广告、通知、便条、课程选择、申请书、个人简介、商品说明与介绍、新闻报道等，形式多样，题材各异，如图示、表格等。需要特别说明的是：随着科技的发展需要，要特别重视理科相关知识的应用文。它们主要包括实验步骤说明、实验报告、工艺操作流程、研究报道的相关图表等。 2．从命题思路上看： 应用文主要考查细节理解，近年来也会考查推理判断、写作意图以及读者对象等。应用文阅读材料简单明了，主要考查考生快速而准确地获取和理解文中具体细节信息的能力。 预计2026年应用文仍然是命题的必考点。复习过程中要熟练掌握应用文的命题特点和解题方法，做到应用文阅读拿满分。
复习目标 1.掌握应用文的文体特点及命题分布点。 2.掌握应用文解题技巧。 3.熟悉应用文的易错原因并在训练中强化避免。
(
) 考点一 考查应用文中的计算题
知识点1 直接计算题
数字计算题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单计算。一般来说，计算量都比较小，容易计算。这类计算题从文中找到相关信息，直接进行相关的计算就可以得出答案。数字计算题最常用的解题方法：1.仔细理解题干中的信息要求；2.从文章中定位计算需要的信息；3.通过简单的计算得出答案。
知识点2 间接计算题
应用文文中的计算题有时需要考虑间接的隐含条件才能计算正确。这些“暗”信息会涉及附加条件以及对某个难句的理解，从这个角度上讲，理解文中相应的复杂句是解这类题的关键。数字计算题的话题有：1.广告类；2.故事类；3. 科普知识类；4.史地自然类；5.文化教育类。设问方式以when，in which year，how many/much等疑问词(组)开头引出问题。解此类试题常用“整合推算”法。
此类题要求考生对具体细节信息,尤其是年龄、时间、数量等数字信息进行加工,但此类试题的重点不在于计算,而在于考查考生对具体信息的处理能力,故试题设置的计算一般比较简单。
【思维导图】
间接计算题一定要注意文章中隐藏的附加条件，这是造成计算失误的重要因素，所以在做应用文计算题时，一定要认真细致，避免简单题做错。
考向1 考查直接计算题
例1 （2025全国I卷）The greening of planes, trains and automobiles
Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.
The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green.
PLANES — Synthetic hydrocarbons The hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for sustainable fuel for planes is to make hydrocarbons from recycled air. CARS — Batteries Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into existing systems and services. New solid-state batteries will take a car farther on a single charge.
TRAINS — Electricity Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways. TRUCKS — Hydrogen fuel cells Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive. SHIPS — Liquid ammonia Liquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, but it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign.
This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke.
1. What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018
A. 11.6%. B. 45.1%. C. 74.5%. D. 86.1%.
【思维过程】
●题干关键词→road vehicles→account for
●文章定位：
●解析思维过程→road vehicles→ROAD(PASSENGER)45.1%→ROAD(GOODS)29.4%→二者相加=74.5%→C
●故选C
例2 （2025年1月浙江高考）
Interlibrary Loan (ILL) provides teachers, students and staff with access to books that are checked out or not owned by our own libraries, as well as digitized copies of articles and book chapters from our collection.
Who Can Borrow
Current students, teachers (including retired) and staff can request items through ILL. Interlibrary loan is not available to former students, guest borrowers or fee-card holders.
How Long Does It Take
Articles are usually received within 1-2 days and books in 5-10 days. However, obtaining items that are rare, recently published or in high demand may take longer. To speed up the process, please make sure the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate.
Length of Loans
Loan periods are established by the lending library. All due dates are noted on the label. Borrowed items are subject to recall by the lending library. Any restrictions established by the lending library will be indicated on the label. No renewals (续借) are allowed for physical items borrowed through ILL.
Notification/Delivery Options
For a physical item, you will be notified by email when it arrives. Items are picked up at one of our libraries—the one you selected in the ILL Request Form. For an article or book chapter, you will be notified by email when it is available. To obtain the article or chapter, click on the link provided in the email and log into your ILL account. Once in your account, select Electronic Articles Received.
Interlibrary Loan Fees
Library Type Loan Cost Article/Chapter Cost
Non-Profit Libraries $15 $10
For-Profit Libraries $20 $12
International Libraries $25 $15
23．How much do you pay for two articles obtained from an international library
A．$15. B．$20. C．$24. D．$30.
【思维过程】
●题干关键词→two articles→an international library
●文章定位：
Library Type Loan Cost Article/Chapter Cost
International Libraries $25 $15
●解析思维过程→International Libraries→每篇文章→15→2X15=30$→D
●故选D
【答案】23．D
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了图书馆间借阅服务的相关信息。
23．计算题。根据表格中“International Libraries Article/Chapter Cost $15(国际图书馆 文章/章节费用 15美元)”可知，从国际图书馆获取两篇文章的费用是15×2=30美元。故选D。
例3 （2018年全国Ⅲ卷）Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens
Visitor Information
How to Get to Holker
By Car： Follow brown signs an A590 from JB6, M6.Approximale travel times: Windermere-20 minutes, Kendal-25 minutes, Lancaster-45 minutes, Manchester-1 hour 30 minutes.
By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster Preston for connections to major cities & airports.
Opening Times
Sunday-Friday (closed on Saturday)11:00 am-4:00pm,30 March-2nd November.
Admission Charges
Hall & Gardens Gardens
Adults: 12.00 8.00
Groups 9 5.5
Producers: Market 13th April
Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.
Holker Garden Festival 30th May
The event celebrate its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.
National Garden Day 28th August
Holker once again opens is gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.
Winter Market 8th November
This is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifs while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.
21. How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester
A. 20minutes. B. 25 minutes.
C. 45 minutes. D. 90 minutes.
【思维过程】
●题干关键词→How long does it probably take→drive to Holker from Manchester
●文章定位：How to Get to Holker
By Car： Follow brown signs an A590 from JB6, M6.Approximale travel times: Windermere-20 minutes, Kendal-25 minutes, Lancaster-45 minutes, Manchester-1 hour 30 minutes.
●解析思维过程→Manchester-1 hour 30 minutes→90 minutes→D
●故选D
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段How to Get to Holker中By car里Approximate travel times后面内容可知，从Manchester到Holker要用1 hour and 30 minutes，即90分钟，故选D。
22. How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit to Hall & Cardens
A. l2.00. B. 9.00.
C. 8.0 D. 5.50
【思维过程】
●题干关键词→How much→visit to Hall & Cardens
●文章定位：Admission Charges
Hall & Gardens Gardens
Adults: 12.00 8.00
Groups 9 5.5
●解析思维过程→Admission Charges→Hall & Gardens→Groups→ 9→B
●故选B
【答案】21. D 22. B
【解析】文章为旅游指南。文章主要介绍了去Holker Hall& Garden 旅游的相关信息，如：出行方式，开放时间，旅行费用以及主要活动等。
21. 细节理解题。根据第一段How to Get to Holker中By car里Approximate travel times后面内容可知，从Manchester到Holker要用1 hour and 30 minutes，即90分钟，故选D。
22. 细节理解题。根据Admission Charges可知，团体中的一员去Hall & Gardens 需要支付9英镑。
【变式训练·变载体】（2025届江西省多校联考高三下学期5月适应性考试）
Classical Art & Digital Design
The Non-degree in Classical Art & Digital Design is a 3-year program taught in English, which combines the fundamental of figurative and digital art. This course is designed for the students who are strongly interested in working as artists in visual and entertainment industries.
If accepted to the program, you will be required to pay a $950 registration fee to secure your place on the program. The fee is treated as a down payment and will be applied toward your tuition bill. Your registration fee must be submitted within 15 days of receiving your acceptance email.
Fees
Application Fee $0
Tuition Fee $14,000 per year
Entry Requirements
All students from all countries are qualified to apply to this program.
Accommodation
You will need to book the accommodation after you have been accepted.
You can choose to live on campus or off campus in private accommodation.
Application process
The first steps are to choose the programs, pay the application fee and upload the application documents.
·Once submitted to Global Admissions, we will review your application within 2 — 3 days and proceed to the university or ask you for further clarification.
·After it has been processed to the university, you will receive your unique application ID from each university.
·The university may contact you directly for further questions.
·We will then follow up each week with the university for updates. As soon as there is any update we will let you know.
After you have been accepted, you will receive your admission letter electronically and be asked to pay the deposit (押金) to the university.
·Once you have paid the deposit, the university will issue you with the admission letter and visa form to your home country.
1．What can we learn about the course
A．It is an online course. B．It is open to global students.
C．It requires $950 for application. D．It is for English-speaking countries.
2．What will you get after paying the deposit
A．The visa form. B．Your application ID．
C．The electronic admission letter. D．The requirement of clarification.
3．How much tuition fee will a student pay to finish the program totally
A．$950. B．$14,000. C．$14,950. D．$42,000.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个为期三年的古典艺术与数字设计非学位课程及其相关信息。
1．细节理解题。根据Entry Requirements部分中的“All students from all countries are qualified to apply to this program. (所有国家的学生都有资格申请这个项目。)”可知，该课程面向全球学生开放。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据Application process部分最后一点“Once you have paid the deposit, the university will issue you with the admission letter and visa form to your home country. (当你支付保证金后，校方将为你出具录取通知书和签证表格，用于返回原籍国。)”可知，交押金后，你将获得签证表格。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Non-degree in Classical Art & Digital Design is a 3-year program taught in English, which combines the fundamental of figurative and digital art. (古典艺术与数字设计非学位课程是一门为期三年的全英文授课项目，该课程将具象艺术基础与数字艺术创作相融合。)”和Fees部分中的“Tuition Fee $14,000 per year (学费：每年14000美元)”可知，修完整个课程所需支付的学费为42000美元（=14000×3）。故选D项。
考向2 考查直接计算题
例1 (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) 2023新课标I卷—自行车租赁与旅行
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake(刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears(排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour ?7.50 ?5.00
3 hours ?11.00 ?7.50
1 day (24 hours) ?14.75 ?9.75
Each additional day ?8.00 ?6.00
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
2. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days
A. ?15.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?22.75. D. ?29.50.
【思维过程】
●题干关键词→renting a bike→with hand brake and three gears→two days
●文章定位：
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour ?7.50 ?5.00
3 hours ?11.00 ?7.50
1 day (24 hours) ?14.75 ?9.75
Each additional day ?8.00 ?6.00
●解析思维过程→1 day (24 hours)→Hand Brake, Three Gears→?14.75
●间接附加条件→1 day y→?14.75（经常被忽视）
●解析思维过程→1 day+1 day→?14.75+?14.75=22.75欧元
●故选C
【答案】2. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格等细节。
2.细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。
例2(2023浙江1月卷)—探险家营地
Explorers Camp
Full day camp for kids aged 5-13.
Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.
Week 1 | July 8-12
Week 2 | July 15-19
Week 3 | July 22-26
Register for a single week or multiple weeks.
Fees: $365 per week.
The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund(退款) is June 15.
Camp Structure
The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group. Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm). Snack periods are held throughout the day. All campers should bring their own bagged lunch and snacks.
Camp Content
Explorers Camp organizes engaging arts, history and science-related activities in every! class, and focuses on a range of topics that emphasize active learning, exploration and, most of all, fun! All camp sessions are created with age-appropriate activities that are tailored to the multiple ways that kids learn.
Camp Staff
Campers enjoy a staff-to-child ratio ranging from 1:4 to 1:7 depending on the age group. Instructors are passionate educators who are experts in their fields and have undergone training and a background check.
23. How many hours of class will you have altogether if you register for a single week
A. 15. B. 21. C. 30. D. 42.
【思维过程】
●题干关键词→How many hours of class→register for a single week
●文章定位： Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.( 7月8日至26日，星期一至星期五，上午9点至下午4点)
●间接附加条件→Camp Structure部分中的“Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm).(露营者有一个三小时的上午课程(上午9点到中午12点)和一个小时的午休时间，然后是另一个三个小时的下午课程(下午1点到下午4点))（特别关注a one-hour lunch break）
●解析思维过程→Monday-Friday→5X6=30h
●故选C
【答案】 23. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了探险家营地的相关信息。
23.细节理解题。根据“ Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.( 7月8日至26日，星期一至星期五，上午9点至下午4点)”可知，每周安排5天的活动。根据Camp Structure部分中的“Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm).(露营者有一个三小时的上午课程(上午9点到中午12点)和一个小时的午休时间，然后是另一个三个小时的下午课程(下午1点到下午4点))”可知，全天有6个小时的课程。5*6=30。由此可知，如果你注册一周，你总共有30小时的课程。故选C。
例3 (2018年江苏卷) The Metropolitan Museum of Art
1000 Fifth Avenue New York, NY 10028
211-535-7710 www.metmuseum.org
Entrances
Fifth Avenue at 82nd Street
Hours
Open 7 days a week.
Sunday-Thursday 10:00-17:30
Friday and Saturday 10:00-21:00
Closed Thanksgiving Day, December 25, January 1, and the first Monday in May.
Admission
$25.00 recommended for adults, $12.00 recommended for students, includes the Main Building and The Cloisters(回廊）on the same day; free for children under 12 with an adult.
Free with Admission
All special exhibitions, as well as films, lectures, guided tours, concerts, gallery talks, and family/children's programs are free with admission.
Ask about today's activities at the Great Hall Information Desk.
The Cloisters Museum and Gardens
The Cloisters museum and gardens is a branch of The Metropolitan Museum of Art devoted to the art and architecture of Europe in the Middle Ages. The extensive collection consists of masterworks in sculpture, colored glass, and precious objects from Europe dating from about the 9th to the 15th century.
Hours: Open 7 days a week.
March-October 10:00-17:15
November-February 10:00-16:45
Closed Thanksgiving Day, December 25, and January 1.
56. How much may they pay if an 11-year-old girl and her working parents visit the museum
A. $12. B. $37.
C. $ 50. D. $ 62
【思维过程】
●题干关键词→How much may they pay→an 11-year-old girl and her working parents
●文章定位：admission 部分$25 recommended for adults
●间接附加条件→free for children under 12 with an adult
●解析思维过程→2X25=50 $
●故选C
【答案】56. C
【解析】本文为旅游指南。文章主要介绍了The Metropolitan Museum of Art 的地理位置，开放时间，门票收取，展出内容以及分馆The Cloisters Museum and Gardens的相关情况。
56. 细节理解题。根据admission 部分$25 recommended for adults，$12recommended for students，free for children under 12 with an adult 可知11岁的女孩和她父母去参观博物馆只需付两个成人的票价即25×2=50，故答案为C。
【变式训练·变载体】
（2025·湖南省长沙市四大名校名师猜题卷（C））
Toronto Zoo
Same planet. Different world.
WE ARE OPEN YEAR-ROUND
The Toronto Zoo is Canada’s premier Zoo offering over 5,000 animals and incredible exhibits including the award-winning Gorilla Rainforest, home to our western lowland gorilla troop. Visit our six indoor pavilions and enjoy daily keeper talks at your favorite animal exhibits. Stop by and see some adorable Zoo babies, including our zebra foal, cheetah cubs and the playful orangutan youngsters. NEW Great Barrier Reef Exhibit — explore one of the great wonders of the world, right here at the Toronto Zoo, in the newly renovated Australasia Pavilion! FREE with admission.
Visit to learn about upcoming year-round special events, promotions and what’s new at the zoo! WE ARE EASY TO FIND!
·Take Hwy 401 east or westbound to Meadow vale Rd. In Scarborough (Exit #389)
·Go north on Meadow vale Rd. and follow the signs to Zoo entrance. NEED TO KNOW
Hours: Open daily except December 25th. Hours change seasonally. Call (416)392-5929 for hours of operation or visit .
Food Options*: Open year-round: Africa Harvey’s & Peacock Café. Open seasonally: Africa Pizza-pizza, Africa Snack Bar, America Harvey’s, America Mr. Sub, Simba Safari Lodge (licensed) and Beaver Tails.
Assistance: Family Centre for diaper changes and medical assistance. Rental strollers, wagons and wheelchairs available at main entrance.*
Admission: General (13-64): $20.00 Seniors (65+): $14.00, Children (4-12): $12.00, Children (3 & under): Free.
Parking: $8.00 Price subject to change without notice.
Corporate Functions: Don’t let the fun in your next event become extinct. Call (416)392-5940. Book Today!
*Seasonal schedules apply. Weather permitting. Subject to change without notice. Visit for more details.
1．What can we know about the New Great Barrier Reef Exhibit
A．It is only open during the summer. B．It requires an additional fee to enter.
C．It is located in the Gorilla Rainforest. D．It is housed in the Australasia Pavilion.
2．How much will a young couple driving a car with two kids aged 2 and 12 pay for a visit
A．$ 40. B．$ 60. C．$ 52. D．$72.
3．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To advertise the Toronto Zoo’s new exhibits.
B．To provide details about visiting the Toronto Zoo.
C．To compare the Toronto Zoo with other zoos.
D．To explain the history of the Toronto Zoo.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍多伦多动物园的开放时间、展区特色、票价、交通及服务设施等参观信息。
1．细节理解题。根据第二部分中的“NEW Great Barrier Reef Exhibit — explore one of the great wonders of the world, right here at the Toronto Zoo, in the newly renovated Australasia Pavilion!(全新大堡礁展区——就在多伦多动物园新翻修的澳大拉西亚馆，探索世界伟大奇迹之一！)”可知，新大堡礁展区位于澳大拉西亚馆内。故选D项。
2．数字计算题。根据“Admission: General (13-64): $20.00 Seniors (65+): $14.00 Children (4-12): $ 12.00 Children (3&under): Free(门票：普通（13-64）：$ 20.00老年人（65岁以上）：$ 14.00儿童（4-12）：$12.00 儿童（3岁及以下）：免费)及Parking: $8.00 Price subject to change without notice. (停车费：$8.00，如有更改，恕不另行通知。) ”可知，一对年轻夫妇（2人×20美元 = 40 美元）带2岁（免费）和12岁（12美元）孩子，停车费8美元，总费用为40+12+8=60美元。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Seasonal schedules apply. Weather permitting. Subject to change without notice. Visit for more details.(实行季节性开放时间安排。天气允许情况下开放。行程可能因故变更，恕不另行通知。更多详情请访问多伦多动物园官网。)”可知，全文围绕多伦多动物园的参观信息展开，包括展区、开放时间、票价、交通、餐饮及服务设施等细节，由此可知，文章的主要目的是提供关于参观多伦多动物园的信息。故选B项。
(
) 考点二 考查信息理解题 (
)
知识点1 直接信息题
直接信息题常以应用文的形式出现在考题中，涉及的话题有：广告类、活动安排类、书籍或电影介绍类、演出信息类等。
“带着问题找答案”先从题干中提取关键性词语(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段哪一句有关，然后仔细推敲，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案。简言之，可采用“一找二定三比对”的方法。
【思维导图】
知识点2 间接信息题
间接信息题常在记叙文、说明文或议论文中考查，会涉及“人与自我”“人与社会”和“人与自然”三大主题语境。解此类试题常用“同义转换”法。
该类题的特点是试题题干或选项中的关键词语通常使用同义词或近义词甚至反义词来替换文中的相关细节信息,例如,使用book对文中的reserve进行同义转换,用less different对文中的more in common进行同义转换。
【思维导图】
考向1 考查直接信息题（直接从文中找到信息）
例1（2024新课标Ⅰ卷）HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM
Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys.
GROUPS
Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form.
AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING
Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15.
Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed.
We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary.
Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch.
No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community service requirements.
UPCOMING EVENTS
Time Meeting Location
Sunday, Jan. 15 10:00 am — 1:00 pm Battery Alexander Trailhead
Sunday, Jan. 22 10:00 am — 2:30 pm Stinson Beach Parking Lot
Sunday, Jan. 29 9:30 am — 2:30 pm Coyote Ridge Trailhead
22. What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team
A. 5. B. 10. C. 15. D. 18.
【思维过程】
●题干关键词→the lower age limit→joining the Habitat Restoration Team
●文章定位：AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome.
●解析思维过程→aged 10 and over are welcome→the lower age limit→10
●故选B
例2（2024新课标Ⅱ卷）Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers
The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner, experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks.
Walk 1 — The Natural World
With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an informative tour. Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs.
Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 09:00
Start Point: Scratoes Bridge
Walk Duration: 6 hours
Walk 2 — Introduction to Hillwalking
Emmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all. This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips.
Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 09:00
Start Point: Deerpark Car Park
Walk Duration: 5 hours
Walk 3 — Moonlight Under the Stars
Walking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone. Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs. A torch (手电筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark. Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.
Date and Time: Saturday, 1st October, at 18:30
Start Point: The Town Hall
Walk Duration: 3 hours
Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest
This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild. Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path.
Date and Time: Sunday, 2nd October, at 11:45
Start Point: Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area
Walk Duration: 1.5 hours
1. Which walk takes the shortest time
A. The Natural World. B. Introduction to Hillwalking.
C. Moonlight Under the Stars. D. Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest.
【解题思维过程】
●题干关键词→the shortest time
●文章定位：Walk 4 — Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest →Walk Duration: 1.5 hours
●解析思维过程→6>5>3>1.5→1.5→Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest→D
●故选D
【变式训练·变载体】（2025·四川省高三下学期第二次教学质量联合测评）
A solo getaway offers the best opportunity to immerse oneself in the authentic culture, history, and expression of a particular destination. With some planning and expert advice, your next solo journey can reach new heights.
A walk on the Wilde side in Dublin
There may be no better combination than a pint and a good book — and no better destination to engage yourself in literature than Oscar Wilde’s birthplace, Dublin, Ireland. Art and cultural historian Dr. Andrew Lear suggests a hotel with historical significance. “I highly recommend The Shelbourne, where Oscar Wilde stayed on a speaking tour in Dublin.”
Big dreams fulfilled on Petit St. Vincent
If the idea of an all-inclusive resort sounds appealing but the crowds of guests not so much, consider the private island of Petit St. Vincent, located 40 miles south of St. Vincent. Getting there is an adventure, including a private flight from Barbados to Union Island and a boat transfer. The 115-acre island features one-and two-bedroom cottages dotted throughout the grounds where visitors can get lost in the sound of gentle waves.
Hygge hunting in Copenhagen
If “hygge” — the elusive Danish definition of well-being — is your idea of an ideal getaway, Copenhagen ranks high for its thoughtful design. Denmark’s capital is the best locale to spend an afternoon coffeehouse-hopping with a stack of design magazines.
Māori magic on New Zealand’s South Island
Solo travelers looking to connect with local cultures of New Zealand’s South Island have plenty of opportunities with Māori family-owned businesses like Whale Watch Kaikoura or a day with Te Rua & Sons Pounamu Tours to explore the West Coast and perhaps to find a pounamu keepsake, a jade-like stone indigenous to the region.
1．What’s Dr. Andrew Lear’s recommendation for literature fans
A．Staying at The Shelbourne Hotel.
B．Going to the cultural hub with art galleries.
C．Booking a helicopter ride to Franz Josef Glacier.
D．Considering the private island of Petit St. Vincent.
2．How do travelers reach Petit St. Vincent from Barbados
A．Directly by boat. B．On a guided hike.
C．By boat after a private flight. D．Using the on-site dive center.
3．Which offers solo travelers opportunities to experience Māori culture
A．Dublin, Ireland. B．Petit St. Vincent.
C．Copenhagen, Denmark. D．New Zealand’s South Island.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D
【解析】这是一篇应用文，文章推荐了适合个人旅游的四个目的地。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Art and cultural historian Dr. Andrew Lear suggests a hotel with historical significance. ‘I highly recommend The Shelbourne, where Oscar Wilde stayed on a speaking tour in Dublin.’ (艺术和文化历史学家Andrew Lear博士建议选择一家具有历史意义的酒店。‘我强烈推荐Shelbourne酒店，Oscar Wilde在都柏林巡回演讲时就住在那里。’)”可知，Andrew Lear博士推荐文学迷住在Shelbourne酒店，故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Getting there is an adventure, including a private flight from Barbados to Union Island and a boat transfer. (到达那里是一次冒险，包括从Barbados到Union Island的私人航班和乘船接送。)”可知，游客可以乘坐私人航班然后坐船从Barbados到达Petit St. Vincent，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段小标题“Māori magic on New Zealand’s South Island (在新西兰南岛的Māori的魔力)”和段落内容“Solo travelers looking to connect with local cultures of New Zealand’s South Island have plenty of opportunities with Māori family-owned businesses like Whale Watch Kaikoura or a day with Te Rua & Sons Pounamu Tours to explore the West Coast and perhaps to find a pounamu keepsake, a jade-like stone indigenous to the region. (希望与新西兰南岛当地文化建立联系的独自旅行者有很多机会参加Māori家族企业，如凯库拉鲸鱼观察，或者与Te Rua & Sons Pounamu Tours一起探索西海岸，也许还能找到Pounamu纪念品，这是一种当地土生土长的玉石。)”可知，新西兰南岛为独自旅行的游客提供体验Māori文化的机会，故选D。
考向2 考查间接信息理解题（试题的题干和选项进行了同义转换）
例1（2024全国甲卷）Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages.
Light Awash in Watercolor
Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880-1990: Into the Light.
Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity
From webs to cocoons, invertebrates (无脊椎动物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工艺) materials.
Wheel Throwing
Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. Then create your own masterpiece!
Knitting and Pom-Pom Making
Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (编织).
1. What do we know about ARTS FIRST
A. It is an exhibition of oil paintings. B. It offers art courses for all ages.
C. It presents recreational activities. D. It is a major tourist attraction.
【解题思维过程】
●题干关键词→ARTS FIRST
●文章定位：We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making' activities.(我们期待着您的到来，我们将通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动来展示哈佛艺术界的创造力。)
●解析思维过程（选项与文章定位的关系）→showcase the creativity→through performances, art exhibitions and art-making' activities→recreational activities→recreational整合了前面的三项内容→C（其他选项错误原因：以偏概全）
●故选C
2. Which program will you join if you're interested in drawing pictures
A. Light Awash in Watercolor. B. Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity.
C. Wheel Throwing. D. Knitting and Pom-Pom Making.
【解题思维过程】
●题干关键词→if you're interested in drawing pictures→Which program
●文章定位：Light Awash in Watercolor→ “Light Awash in Watercolor (水彩中的淡光)”部分中的“Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880 — 1990: Into the Light. (与哈佛艺术博物馆材料实验室的专家一起了解水彩颜料的材料和质量。在即将到来的“1880 — 1990年美国水彩画：进入光”展览中，尝试一下艺术家们使用的一些绘画技巧。)
●解析思维过程（选项与文章定位的关系）Light Awash in Watercolor→qualities of watercolor paint→Try your hand at some of the painting tricks→drawing pictures（题干）→A（其他选项错误原因：文不对题）
●故选A
3. What can you do together with Javier Marin
A. Practice a traditional dance. B. Make handcrafts.
C. Visit a local museum. D. Feed invertebrates.
【解题思维过程】
●题干关键词→What can you do→with Javier Marin
●文章定位：Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity→Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of History to learn how insects and other Natural invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft materials. (和哈佛历史博物馆的Javier Marin一起学习昆虫和其他自然无脊椎动物是如何跳舞、启发时尚和创造艺术的。同时用手工材料制作你自己的无脊椎艺术家。)
●解析思维过程（选项与文章定位的关系）with Javier Marin→making your own spineless artists→B. Make handcrafts→B
●故选B
【简单解析】
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了ARTS FIRST艺术节的相关艺术展览和艺术制作活动，并且邀请热爱的学生或社区成员加入。
1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making' activities.(我们期待着您的到来，我们将通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动来展示哈佛艺术界的创造力。)”以及下文的四个小标题“Light Awash in Watercolor (水彩中的淡光)”；“Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity(没有骨气的艺术家:无脊椎的创造力)”；“Wheel Throwing (投掷轮子)”和“Knitting and Pom-Pom Making (编织和制作毛绒球)”可推知，ARTS FIRST是提供娱乐活动的。故选C项。
2.细节理解题。根据文章“Light Awash in Watercolor (水彩中的淡光)”部分中的“Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880 — 1990: Into the Light. (与哈佛艺术博物馆材料实验室的专家一起了解水彩颜料的材料和质量。在即将到来的“1880 — 1990年美国水彩画：进入光”展览中，尝试一下艺术家们使用的一些绘画技巧。)”可知，如果对画画感兴趣，可以参加Light Awash in Watercolor。故选A项。
3.细节理解题。根据文章“Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity (无脊椎艺术家：无脊椎动物的创造力)”部分中的“Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of History to learn how insects and other Natural invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft materials. (和哈佛历史博物馆的Javier Marin一起学习昆虫和其他自然无脊椎动物是如何跳舞、启发时尚和创造艺术的。同时用手工材料制作你自己的无脊椎艺术家。)”可知，参与者能跟Javier Marin一起进行手工制作。故选B项。
例2(2023年全国甲卷) Where to Eat in Bangkok
Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers. It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options. Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eating adventure.
Nahm
Offering Thai fine dining. Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary (烹饪的) experiences. It’s the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the word’s 50 best restaurants list. Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his Loodon-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.
Issaya Siamese Club
Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichai’s first flagship Bangkok restaurant. The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.
Bo.lan
Bo.lan has been making waves in Bangkok’s culinary scene since it opened in 2009. Serving hard-to-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine’s roots, yet still manages to add a special twist. This place is good for a candle-lit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food. For those extremely hungry, there’s a large set menu.
Gaggan
Earning first place on the latest “Asia’s 50 best restaurants” list, progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues(场所) to arrive in Bangkok in recent years. The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. Culinary theater at its best.
23. What is special about Gaggan
A. It hires staff from India. B. It puts on a play every day.
C. It serves hard-to-find local dishes. D. It shows the cooking process to guests.
【解题思维过程】
●题干关键词→special→Gaggan
●文章定位：Gaggan→The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action.
●解析思维过程（选项与文章定位的关系）see chef Gaggan and his staff in action→D.shows the cooking process to guests→in action→cooking process→D
●故选D
【简单解析】
【答案】D
【解析】本文是应用文。介绍了一些关于从哪里开始你的曼谷美食之旅的建议。
细节理解题。根据小标题Gaggan下的段落中“The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. (在这座两层殖民时期的泰国住宅中，最好的桌子有一扇通往厨房的窗户，在那里你可以看到Gaggan厨师和他的员工在工作)”可知，Gaggan的特别之处是它向客人展示了烹饪过程。故选D项。
【变式训练·变载体】（2025·安徽省A10联盟高考原创夺冠卷（三））
Grow Dat Youth Farm
Field trips at Grow Dat provide hands-on or virtual experiential learning opportunities to e Learn With Us!School Field Trip
1.5 hours, pre school-12th grade
This interactive experience includes a brief tour of the farm, and your choice of 3stations that best with your learning goals. Our experienced and creative educators will focus on hands-on learning in nature.
◆Bird watching with binoculars
◆Insect Hunt with magnifying glasses
◆Make & eat a simple snack (depends on seasonal produce availability)
◆Scientific Drawing/ Nature ArtLearning Tour
1 hour, college students and adults
This is a complete walking tour of our 7-acre farm. You will learn about our sustainable farming practices; our youth leadership programs and our approach to education, and get a taste of our unique organizational culture.Agricultural Task
A2 hours, college students and adults
This option includes the same tour described in Learning Tour along with 45minutes of agricultural work on our sustainable urban farm.History of the Land
1.5-2 hours, all ages
This tour looks at the social and environmental history of New Orleans by telling the story of our land in City Park. Participants, explore what's happened right here in the past—tracing indigenous cultures past and present stories of slavery and liberation, all the way to the present day.Additional info for visitors:
We are unable to accommodate more than 60 youth on a single day. We can explore scheduling trips over multiple days.
Water is required for all trips.
We have two composting toilets on our farm.
We do not offer tours in July and August, and have very limited availability throughout the month of June.
1．In which tour will participants taste vegetables and fruits probably
A．Learning Tour. B．History of the Land.
C．School Field Trip. D．Agricultural Task.
2．What will visitors learn in Learning Tour and Agricultural Task
A．The eco-friendly farming techniques.
B．The stories of American Civil War.
C．The special agricultural culture.
D．The educational youth leadership.
3．What are visitors required to do
A．Avoid using toilets on the farm. B．Schedule summer vacation trips.
C．Organize a group of 60 students. D．Bring water for themselves.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D
【解析】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了Grow Dat青年农场的四种不同主题的参观活动及相关注意事项。
1．细节理解题。根据School Field Trip部分中“Make & eat a simple snack (depends on seasonal produce availability)(做一个简单的小吃（取决于时令农产品的供应情况）)”可知，参与者在“学校实地考察”中可能品尝到蔬菜和水果。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Learning Tour部分中“You will learn about our sustainable farming practices(您将了解我们的可持续农业实践)”和Agricultural Task部分中“This option includes the same tour described in Learning Tour along with 45minutes of agricultural work on our sustainable urban farm.(这个选择包括在学习之旅中描述的旅行，以及在我们可持续的城市农场进行45分钟的农业工作)”可知，游客在“学习之旅”和“农业任务”中能学习环保的农业技术，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据Additional info for visitors部分中“Water is required for all trips.(所有行程都需要水)”可知，游客需要自行带水，故选D。
(
) 考点三 找共同点 (
)
知识点 找共同点（考查综合比较）
①结构法：如果属于“总分总”结构，多从“总处”找依据；②排除法：可以运用排除法，只要一项不合要求就应该排除；③关键词法：依据题干划出关键词语，据此知道答案。
考向 共同点（考查综合比较）
例 （2021年全国甲卷）A Take a view, the Landscape（风景）Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.
Mike Shepherd(2011) Skiddaw in Winter Cumbria, England It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air. I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and though it was only a short climb, I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sum setting in the west. I used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop, to achieve the black—and—white image（图像）.
Timothy Smith(2014) Macclesfield Forest Cheshire, England I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images. Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe. a local high point, I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow. The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into the forest.
2. What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common
A. They are winter images.
B. They are in black and white.
C. They show mountainous scenes.
D. They focus on snow—covered forests.
【解题思维过程】
●题干关键词→works by Shepherd and Smith→have in common
●文章定位：Mike Shepherd部分“It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air.”（那是一个极其寒冷的冬天的晚上，空气中弥漫着冰冷的雾）→Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)→Timothy Smith部分“I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images.”（我回到我的家乡Macclesfield拍摄一些冬季的照片）
●故选 A
【变式训练】（2025·河南省新乡市高三三模）
Ancient Chinese painting, with a long history, developed from simple patterns to diverse styles across dynasties. Known for its precise techniques and detailed descriptions of nature, figures, and landscapes, it highlights the talents of Chinese artists.
Five Oxen
Five Oxen was painted by Han Huang from the Tang Dynasty. It shows five oxen (牛) in various postures, with their muscles and bones delicately illustrated, including the tiny hairs around their mouths and on their heads. It’s one of the earliest surviving paper paintings in China.
Travelers Among Mountains and Streams
Fan Kuan, a famous Song Dynasty landscape painter, created Travelers Among Mountains and Streams. Its power lies in showing man’s co-existence with nature. Now, new filmmaking techniques are employed to bring the painting to life.
A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains
Wang Ximeng, at just 18, created A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains, a huge 11-meter silk scroll (卷轴) painting. Using rare colors like malachite green and azurite blue, it vividly displays a peaceful and rich landscape. This great work also shows the painter’s deep respect for nature’s beauty.
Along the River During the Qingming Festival
Along the River During the Qingming Festival by Zhang Zeduan is set in Bianjing (now Kaifeng) during the 11th-12th centuries. The 5-meter-long scroll features over 800 people, animals, boats, and buildings, describing both rural and urban scenes. It has inspired modern works like the digital animation (动画) River of Wisdom.
1．What is the most distinctive artistic feature of Five Oxen
A．Accuracy in describing details. B．Involvement of multiple species.
C．Masterful management of colors. D．Application of cutting-edge materials.
2．What do the second and third paintings have in common
A．They are scroll paintings. B．They include elements of nature.
C．They employ advanced technology. D．They emphasize the role of humans in nature.
3．Whose painting above illustrates scenes of people’s lives
A．Han Huang’s. B．Fan Kuan’s.
C．Zhang Zeduan’s. D．Wang Ximeng’s.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国古代几幅著名画作及其艺术特色。
1．细节理解题。根据Five Oxen部分中“Five Oxen was painted by Han Huang from the Tang Dynasty. It shows five oxen (牛) in various postures, with their muscles and bones delicately illustrated, including the tiny hairs around their mouths and on their heads. (《五牛图》是唐代韩滉所画。它展示了五头姿势各异的牛，肌肉和骨骼都描绘得十分细腻，包括它们嘴边和头上的细毛)”可知，《五牛图》最独特的艺术特征是对细节的精确描绘。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据Travelers Among Mountains and Streams部分中“Fan Kuan, a famous Song Dynasty landscape painter, created Travelers Among Mountains and Streams. Its power lies in showing man’s co-existence with nature. (范宽是宋代著名的山水画家，他创作了《溪山行旅图》。它的力量在于展示人与自然的共存)”以及A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains部分中“Using rare colors like malachite green and azurite blue, it vividly displays a peaceful and rich landscape. (它使用孔雀石绿和蓝铜矿蓝等稀有颜色，生动地展现了一幅宁静而丰富的山水画)”可知，第二幅和第三幅画的共同点是它们都包含了自然元素。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Along the River During the Qingming Festival by Zhang Zeduan is set in Bianjing（now Kaifeng）during the 11th-12th centuries. The 5-meter-long scroll features over 800 people, animals, boats, and buildings, describing both rural and urban scenes. (张择端的《清明上河图》以11世纪至12世纪的汴京（今开封）为背景。这幅5米长的画卷上描绘了800多个人物、动物、船只和建筑物，描绘了乡村和城市的景象)”可知，张择端的画作描绘了人们的生活场景。故选C。
(
) 考点四 考查文章出处 (
)
知识点 文章出处
“推断文章出处”类试题应从文章的内容或结构入手来判断其出处：
旅游指南类文章(a travel guide)：此类文章旨在介绍某一旅游景点的自然景观和人文特色，目的是吸引游客来访。
广告英语类文章(an advertisement)：现代生活中广告无处不在，英语阅读理解也是如此。有时会考查微型海报、通知、启示、时刻表、图表等。
课件展示类文章(a class presentation)：此类文章往往紧扣主题，口语性强、语言活泼，形式新颖，伴随有图片、图表、文字介绍等信息。
网络网页类文章(an Internet page)：此类文章往往会提供超级链接标志，如For more information, please click here.
新闻报道类文章(a news report)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及人物、时政、教育、体育、科技等，突出新颖性、突发性和真实性。新闻呈“倒金字塔”结构，第一段概括全文内容最重要。
研究报告类文章(a research paper)：此类文章重点介绍科技领域最新研究成果：新发现、新思想、新发明。第一段概括介绍，然后分段陈述。文章结构严谨，语言规范，句式复杂。
图书评论类文章(a book review)：书评、影评类文章涉及到作者介绍，内容梗概、人物性格评论，写作特色以及个人好恶等内容。
科普杂志类文章(a science magazine)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及到日常生活习惯、健康饮食、太空与海洋、创造与发明、计算机发展、人类未来、动物世界等。其重点是普及科学知识，提高科学素养。
考向 考查推理判断（文章出处）
例1(2022年新高考全国Ⅰ卷) Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
Grading Scale
90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Group Assignments (30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.
Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)
Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.
1. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A textbook. B. An exam paper. C. A course plan. D. An academic article.
【解题思维过程】
●题干关键词→Where→taken from
●文章定位：Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature→Grading Scale→Essays (60%)→Group Assignments (30%)→Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)→Late Work→是方案和给分方法→C. A course plan
●故选 C
【简单解析】
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature (文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays (60%)部分“Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade of for this course (你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C项。
例2（2021年全国甲卷）A Take a view, the Landscape（风景）Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.
Mike Shepherd(2011) Skiddaw in Winter Cumbria, England It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air. I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and though it was only a short climb, I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sum setting in the west. I used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop, to achieve the black—and—white image（图像）.
Timothy Smith(2014) Macclesfield Forest Cheshire, England I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images. Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe. a local high point, I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow. The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into the forest.
3. Where can the text be found
A. In a history book. B. In a novel. C. In an art magazine. D. In a biography.
【解题思维过程】
●题干关键词→Where→be found
●文章定位：Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.→.Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.→分析选项（history book历史书；novel小说；biography传记）→明显文不对题→C. In an art magazine.→art→best photography→C
●故选 C
【简单解析】
【答案】 3. C
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了摄影比赛Take a view以及获奖的相关情况。
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape. Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.”（每年参赛作品的高水准表明，该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台。 对于英国和世界各地的摄影师来说，Take a view是一项令人向往的年度竞赛 ）结合下文对两位获奖者及其作品的介绍，可知这篇文章主要介绍了摄影比赛Take a view以及获奖的相关情况，最可能出现在一本艺术杂志上。故选C。
【变式训练】（2025·届湖南省师范大学附属中学高三下学期模拟考试（三））
According to Chinese legend, the first umbrella in We are delighted to invite you to apply to study at the University of Hong Kong (HKU). Our excellent academic standards, diverse campus, and extensive global programmes make HKU a favourite destination for bright minds from around the world.
●Admissions Standards
Admissions decisions to the University’s undergraduate degree programmes are made based on academic performance as well as other factors, including interview performance, personal statement, references, other documents submitted to the University, etc.
●Important Dates
27 Sept. 2024 — Start your application
27 Nov. (noon) 2024 — Submit your application for first-round evaluation
From 27 Nov. 2024 — Submit applications to be evaluated on a rolling basis
By 1 Dec. 2024 — Input predicted and/ or actual grades and submit supporting documents for first-round evaluation
From 1 Dec. 2024 — First-round results announced
If you receive an offer of admission — congratulations! You will be required to indicate your acceptance within three to four weeks. You will be required to pay a non-refundable deposit.
If you have not received an offer by 31 March 2025, you may assume your application has been waitlisted for evaluation during the next round. You may continue to submit any additional results in support of your application for evaluation.
22 Aug. 2025 — Applications close at noon (HKT)
●Submitting Applications
Applicants must input all their academic results, including both predicted and actual results, into the application system. Failure to do so may result in application rejection.
Please note that the information provided on the website is subject to change. Applicants are recommended to check the website as well as their applicant accounts regularly for any updates or changes to the application information.
1．What can be known about the university
A．It values extracurricular activities over grades.
B．It features excellent educational quality and diversity.
C．Its admission is determined only by academic performance.
D．The global programmes contribute most to its global appeal.
2．What should applicants do if they receive an admission offer
A．Submit supporting; documents.
B．Wait patiently for further notice.
C．Pay the full tuition immediately.
D．Confirm acceptance within a month.
3．Where is this passage most likely taken from
A．A news report. B．A student’s blog.
C．An academic journal. D．A university brochure.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是香港大学本科申请的条件、重要时间节点及申请流程。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Our excellent academic standards, diverse campus, and extensive global programmes make HKU a favourite destination for bright minds from around the world.(我们卓越的学术水平、多样化的校园以及广泛的全球项目，使香港大学成为世界各地优秀学子心仪的求学之地)” 可知，香港大学以卓越的教育质量和多样性为特色。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Important Dates” 部分 “If you receive an offer of admission— congratulations! You will be required to indicate your acceptance within three to four weeks.(如果你收到录取通知 —— 恭喜你！你需要在三到四周内表明接受录取)” 可知，收到录取通知的申请人应在一个月内确认接受。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据首段“We are delighted to invite you to apply to study at the University of Hong Kong (HKU). Our excellent academic standards, diverse campus, and extensive global programmes make HKU a favourite destination for bright minds from around the world.(我们很高兴邀请您申请就读香港大学（HKU）。我们卓越的学术标准、多元的校园环境以及广泛的全球课程，使香港大学成为来自世界各地优秀人才的首选学府。)”以及下文介绍的香港大学的优势，如学术水平、校园多样性及全球项目等，还说明了招生标准、重要时间节点和申请提交要求等内容可知，本文是香港大学发布的一则招生相关信息，所以短文来自大学宣传册。故选D。
(
) 考点五 考查读者对象 (
)
读者对象
做此类题目通常从文章内容入手，明确所谈话题及具体内容，体会作者使用的语言适合于哪一群体，这样才能根据文章的特点对号入座，从而得出正确判断。
考向 考查推理判断（读者对象）
例（2022年天津卷第二次）Getting into college is a big step for high school graduates, and it comes with a lot of changes. For most students, it’s the first time they’re living away from home and managing their own life. Not surprisingly, adapting to this new lifestyle can be challenging. The following four tips will make high school graduates better prepared for college life.
Goal setting
When setting goals, whether they’re academic, career, or personal, re-member they should be attainable but not too easy, so that you really have to push yourself to achieve them, and feel rewarded when you do. Writing down your goals and breaking down each huge, long-term goal into smaller more practical ones can help make it feel more real, and writing out a plan for achieving it can give you a roadmap to success.
Interpersonal skills
At college, you will interact with fellow students, professors, librarians, and many others. Strong interpersonal skills will help you build relationships during this time, and get more out of them. If you feel that your interpersonal skills need some work, practice asking thoughtful questions and listening closely, develop your understanding by putting yourself in someone else’s shoes, and enhance your self-confidence.
Studying
With fewer in-class hours and more on-your-own learning, you’re required to really digest learning material rather than simply memorize facts. To be successful in college you’ll need to learn how to integrate large amounts of information obtained through reading, do research, and write papers. Organization is the key, so if you are not someone who is naturally organized, set up your study schedule.
Budgeting
Managing money is a critical life skill, and for many, it is at college that they develop it for the first time. Start by estimating your financial balance. Then give high priority to the expenses on basic needs and determine how much money to set aside every month to cover those costs. Don’t forget about savings…and the fun stuff(movies, dinners out), too.
36. Who is this passage most probably written for
A. College teachers.
B. University graduates.
C. High school teachers.
D. Would-be college students.
【解题思维过程】
●题干关键词→Who→probably written for
●文章定位：Getting into college is a big step for high school graduates, and it comes with a lot of changes.→The following four tips will make high school graduates better prepared for college life.→high school graduates→D. Would-be college students.→Would-be college students. →未来的大学生→high school graduates
●故选 D
【简单解析】
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的首句“Getting into college is a big step for high school graduates, and it comes with a lot of changes.(对于高中毕业生来说，进入大学是一大步，它带来了很多变化。 )”和最后一句“The following four tips will make high school graduates better prepared for college life.(以下四个技巧将使高中毕业生为大学生活做好更好的准备。)”可知，该文主要针对于高中毕业生的。故选D项。
【变式训练】
（2025·重庆市高三下学期5月第九次质量检测）Discover some of the real-life African locations that inspired the wild new Disney movie, Mufasa: The Lion King, explores the early life of Simba’s dad Mufasa. Follow the big cat’s journey, and discover the film’s fictional locations in reality!
Great Canyon
IN THE MOVIE: The lion group wanders through an area called the Great Canyon. There, they get caught in danger, with the monkey helping them to escape.
IN REAL LIFE: Tanzania’s Isimila Stone Age Site, the inspiration for the movie’s GreatCanyon, is estimated to be up to 100,000 years old. Scientists think that the spot was once a lake that eroded (侵蚀) over time into this large canyon, with its famous thin rock towers.
Waterfall
IN THE MOVIE: Mufasa and Taka begin their journey at an enormous waterfall.
IN REAL LIFE: The film’s waterfalls are inspired by Victoria Falls, lying on the border of Zambia and Zimbabwe. The largest sheet of falling water in the world.
Prince Taka’s homeland
IN THE MOVIE: Orphan Mufasa arrives in a vast wetland, home of a lion prince named Taka. The pair become like brothers, and Taka invites Mufasa to travel with him.
IN REAL LIFE: Prince Taka’s homeland is based on Botswana’s Okavango Delta, the African continent’s largest inland wetland. In addition to lions, some of the world’s most endangered mammals call the delta home.
Sandbar
IN THE MOVIE: At a sandbar alongside a river, Mufasa and Taka encounter Sarabi, a royal lioness. They agree to team up.
IN REAL LIFE: The real river behind the film is the Chongwe in Zambia! From a canoe, you can observe elephants in the middle of the Chongwe. Amazing!
1．What can you see in the real-life Great Canyon
A．Rock towers. B．Mountain lakes.
C．The lion group. D．The helpful monkey.
2．African’s largest inland wet

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