资源简介

第04讲 选修一词汇
目录
01 考情解码·命题预警 2
02 体系构建·思维可视 3
03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 4
考点一 Unit 1 Food Matters 4
知识点1 读单词、识词义 4
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 6
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 7
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 7
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 8
考点二 Unit 2 The Universal Language 13
知识点1 读单词、识词义 13
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 14
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 15
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 16
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 18
考点三 Unit 3 The Art of Painting 21
知识点1 读单词、识词义 21
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 21
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 23
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 24
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 26
考点四 Unit 4 Exploring Poetry 30
知识点1 读单词、识词义 31
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 31
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 32
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 32
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 35
教材词汇 课标词汇 2025：spare , count on; fire (熟词生义)；company; permission；uncomfortable;cut； 2024:confirm；guidance(派生词)；digital； professionally（派生词） 2023:rental,erase,statistician,bimonthly; fiberglass, ecosystem,checkpoint; mind(n.-v.); leaf(n.-v.); tear(n.-v.); average(n.-v.); touch(v.-n.); 新高考词汇难度增大。2025年新高考I卷为例，不包含听力部分和问题部分，总词数便达2600词。其中包括很多派生词。新高考II卷包含听力部分试卷总词数达2904词。读后续写部分要求读写结合，需要更多的词汇积累和输出。这个数词基本与2024年持平，但对于词汇的活用有增无减。在备考中，应当注重掌握课标，扩充课外阅读量。 稳中有升增加对熟词生义的考查。 适度考查一些学生不常接触的高考词汇。 加大了对构词法的考查力度。 全面考查词汇在语境中灵活运用的能力，如情境意识、同义转换和概要思维能力。
复习目标：以新课标词汇为依据，新教材单词表为蓝本，以近三年新高考真题为导向，在一轮词汇复习中夯实词汇基础，并反复积累，运用构词法扩大词汇量并在大量的语篇阅读中迁移词汇运用能力，大胆猜测熟词的生义并积累地道的搭配和习惯用语。
考点一Unit 1 Food matters词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. n. 情绪，心情；气氛，氛围 47. n. 提拉米苏
2. n. 结合体，联合体；联合，混合 48. n. 面包(糕饼)店
3. 奏效，起作用，达到目的 49. n. 层，表层；层次
4. adj. 含奶油的；像奶油的 50. n. 干酪，奶酪
5. n. 味，味道；特点 vt. 给调味 51. adj. 味苦的；激烈的；难过的
6. adv. 贪婪地，贪心地 52. n. 奶油，乳脂；护肤箱
7. adv. 轻柔地，温和地 53. n. 材料，成分；因素，要素
8. n. (饭后)甜点，甜食 54. adj. 不受约束的；未固定牢的
9. n. 联想，联系；协会，社团 55. 释放；放任
10. vi. 变化，变更 vt. 变更，改变 56. n. 辣椒
11. vt. 联系，相关联 n. 联系 57. n. 甜椒；胡椒粉
12. n. 情感，强烈的感情，激情 58. 花椒
13. n. 碟状物，茶碟，茶托 59. n. 洋葱，葱头
14. n. 醋 60. 小葱，香葱
15. n. 本地人 a. 出生地/本地的 61. adj. 潮湿的，湿气重的
16. adj. 咸的，含盐的 62. adj. 有雾的，雾茫茫的
17. adj. 酸的；馊的 v. 变坏；变味 63. n. 朝，代；王朝
18. 迫切需要 64. v. 增加，扩大；扩展，发展
19. vt. 解除，减轻；缓和，缓解 65. adj. 数量多的，多样的
20. n. 纽带，联系；连接，结合 66. n. 调味汁，酱
21. n. 安全；保护措施；保安部门 67. adj. 朴素的，简单的 n. 平原
22. vt. 产生，引起 68. n. 薄片，片 vt. 把切成片
23. n. 卡，卡路里；千卡 69. n. 主厨，厨师
24. v. 消化；领会 n. 摘要，文摘 70. n. 性质，特性；所有物，财产
25. vt. 降低；把…放低 adj. 下面的 71. adj. 合适的
26. n. 循环；自行车 vi. 骑自行车 72. vt. 估计，估价 n. 估计
27. vt. 提高，增强 73. vt. 吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费
28. 投身于，热衷于 74. 使人满意，正合需要
29. vt. &vi用沸水煮；(使)沸腾 75. adj. & n. 广东人(的)，粵语(的)
30. vt. &vi. 油炸，油煎 76. n. 点心
31. n. 牛排；肉排，肉块 77. adj. 必不可少的；本质的
32. n. 平锅，平底锅 78. n. 创造，创新；新思想，新方法
33. v. 使钦佩，给…留深刻印象 79. n. 概念，观念
34. n. 自助餐 80. vt. 促进，激发；刺激，使兴奋
35. n. (海或湖的)湾 81. n. 食欲，胃口；强烈欲望
36. n. 风景，景色；舞台布景 82. adj. 精致的，精细的，精密的
37. n. 打赌，赌注；预计 v. 下赌注 83. n. 强调，重视；重读
38. n. 气氛，氛围；大气；气体 84. v. 蒸；散发蒸汽 n. 水蒸气
39. 好得不得了，非凡，呱呱叫 85. n. 克
40. n. 变体，变种；说法；版本 86. n. 甘蓝，卷心菜
41. n. (糕点等的)馅 87. n. (食品等)包装材料，包装纸
42. adj. 年纪较大的，上了年纪的 88. n. 混合物；混合，结合
43. vt. &vi. 烘烤；烤硬 89. n. 边，边缘；刀口
44. n. 面粉 90. adv. 成碎片；分开；相隔
45. adj. 可爱的，讨人喜爱的 91. 破碎，破裂；崩溃
46. adj. 不浓的，淡味的；暖和的
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1．combination n．结合体，联合体→ vt.使联合，使结合 vi.联合，结合
2．greedily adv.贪婪地，贪心地→ adj.贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的
3．gently adv.轻柔地，温和地→ adj.温和的；文雅的
4．association n．联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往→ v．联想，联系；(使)关联
5．vary vi.相异，不同；变化 vt.变更，改变→ adj.各种各样的；多方面的→ n．多样；种类；多样化
6．relieve vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解→ n．救济；减轻，解除；安慰
7．generate vt.产生，引起→ n．一代；产生；一代人；生殖
8．impress vt.& vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到→ n．印象；效果
9．security n．安全；保护措施；保安部门；担保，保证→ adj.安全的
10．adorable adj.可爱的，讨人喜爱的→ vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱；极喜欢
11．foggy adj.有雾的，雾茫茫的→ n．雾
12．appropriate adj.合适的→ adv.适当地；合适地
13．consume vt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)→ n．消费者；顾客
14．innovation n．创造，创新；新思想，新方法→ vi.创新；改革；革新
15．emphasis n．强调，重视；重读→ vt.强调，着重
16．wrapper n．(食品等的)包装材料，包装纸→ vt.包；缠绕
17．mixture n．混合物；混合，结合→ v．(使)混合
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1． 奏效，起作用，达到目的
2． 迫切需要
3． 投身于
4． 好(或美等)得不得了
5． 参考；涉及；指的是
6． 弥补
7． 和……有密切关系
8． 使某人振作起来
9． 放任，释放
10． 使人满意，正合需要
11． 破碎，破裂；崩溃
12． 和；连同
13． 被……盖满；充满着……
14． 出发；开始
15． 全年；一整年
16． 起飞；脱下；离开；迅速流行
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．I am writing to apply for being a volunteer of your (associate).
2．There is a mutual understanding and a sense of (secure) that you both share.
3．They had closer (bond) developed with the readers.
4．The menu often (vary) with season.
5． (greed) ate bowl after bowl of her silicious rice pudding.
6．The firm is working on a new product in (combine) with several overseas partners.
7．The exhibition is well worth visiting and you can see fancy vases (花瓶) of different (dynasty) on show there.
8．The company’s (expand) into overseas markets requires a deep understanding of different cultures.
9．Jack told me that the junk food (consume) half an hour before.
10．In Guangzhou, morning tea is such an (essence) part of daily routine.
11．Sometimes the smell alone can do the trick, not to mention the lovely, (cream) flavour, which works like a time machine transporting me back to sunny childhood.
12．When she places them on the table, they look (adore) — small, round and shiny golden-brown.
13．It is a (fog) day! We can’t see things clearly in the distance.
14．It is necessary for us (sharpen) our eyes to tell right from wrong by enriching our thinking with innovative theories.
15．It has been proved that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at (low) risk of diseases.
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
（2025·湖南长沙·模拟预测）阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式, 并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Legend has it that the scent of a steaming pot caused a Buddha to leap over a temple wall, hence the name of the famed Fujian dish Fotiaoqiang, 1 “Buddha Jumps over the Wall”. This “King of Fujian Cuisine” is now leaping into homes around the world, driven by China’s booming ready-to-eat food industry and a push 2 (promote) traditional cuisine.
For centuries, Fotiaoqiang, a kind of thick soup cooked with more than 30 kinds of ingredients, 3 (symbolize) abundance and reunion in the culture of Fujian. The magic lies in preserving each 4 (component) distinct flavor while merging them into one dish. However, this complex preparation process 5 sourcing rare ingredients alone takes days once made it a rarity, even in local restaurants.
The rise of China’s pre-made meal industry, with annual output value 6 (estimate) at 500 billion yuan, has redefined the market. In some Fujian-based factories automation and bulk (大宗的) sourcing have turned Fotiaoqiang into 7 affordable food. In addition, automated production equipment has been developed, with digital systems 8 (precise) managing every stage of the process-from adding ingredients to simmering, freezing, and packaging — 9 (ensure) consistent flavor in every product. These products are now exported to over 10 countries and regions, including 10 in Europe, America, and Southeast Asia, bringing the “taste of home” to overseas Chinese communities.
（2025·甘肃庆阳·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Having spent years 1 (introduce) Hainan to the outside world, Jake Canning decided to bring something British to the southern Chinese island, and the platter (拼盘) included the iconic fish and chips.
Running a Western-style restaurant named Roxy’s in Haikou, the capital of Hainan Province, the 32-year-old British national has seen a rising enthusiasm among the Chinese 2 (taste) homemade Western food.
“My customers include not only Westerners, but also a lot of locals. Every weekend, the restaurant 3 (continue) to receive customers until closing time,” Canning said.
Though not as familiar with the Chinese market as other local restaurateurs, Canning believes his competitiveness lies in his certification as a 4 (provide) of authentic Western-style food.
His restaurant, named after a dog the couple adopted from 5 animal shelter, opened to the public in September last year, 6 (facilitate) by the business-friendly environment of the province.
Since the eatery’s opening, he has been 7 (pleasant) surprised by the number of local foodies (美食家) 8 have been drawn to the restaurant’s menu of homemade Western items such as the full English breakfast and fish and chips.
“Food culture is a large part of everyday life in China,and 9 my opinion, the Chinese people are 10 (adventure) when it comes to trying new foods,” he said.
考点二 Unit 2 The universal language词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. a. 奥地利的，奥地利人的 42. vt. 问候，欢迎，招呼
2. n. 作曲家，作曲者 43. 开始做某事，开始注意某事
3. n. 交响乐，交响曲 44. adj. 合适的，适宜的，适当的
4. n. 协奏曲 45. n. 录音，视频；录制；记录
5. a. 波兰(人/语)的 46. adj. 遥远的，远处的，久远的
6. vt. &vi. 作曲；组成；撰写 47. n. 音量，响度；体积，容积
7. vt. 值得，应得 48. vi. 盯着看，凝视 n. 盯，凝视
8. 使(关系密切的人)分离，分开 49. n. 呼吸的空气；微量，迹象
9. a. 令人愉快的，可喜的 50. adj. 特别的，不寻常的；独特的
10. v. 耳语，低语 n. 低语；传言 51. v. 吸引；抓住；赶紧，抓紧
11. a. 激动人心的，引人注目的 52. v. 席卷，横扫 n. 打扫，清扫
12. v. 哭泣，流泪 53. n. 唱片；光碟，光盘；圆盘
13. vt. 受到…的极大影响；克服 54. adj. 复杂的，难懂的
14. n. 悲伤，悲痛；伤心事 55. n. (乡间)小路；小巷；车道
15. n. 坟墓；死亡 a. 严重的 56. vt. 陪同，陪伴；伴随
16. vi. &vt. (使)变形，(使)改观 57. n. 希望，盼望；预料，预期
17. ad. 永远；长久地；老是 58. adj. 非凡的，奇异的，显著的
18. v. 使融合；使结合，使混合 59. v. 鱼贯而行，流 n. 小溪；人流
19. 依赖，依靠；信任 60. adj. 热情的，热心的
20. n. 布鲁斯音乐，蓝调；忧郁 61. n. 手帕，纸巾
21. a. 民间的 n. 民间音乐 62. adj. 大量的，辽阔的，巨大的
22. n. 曲调，曲子 vt. 调音 63. adj. 有才华的，有天赋的
23. n. 歌词；抒情诗 a. 抒情的 64. n. 名誉，名声
24. 奉送，额外赠送 65. adj. 聪颖的，艺高的；巧妙的
25. 作为额外增添 66. n. 预言，预测
26. a. 乡村的，农村的 67. adj. 不寻常的，非凡的
27. n. 周围，环境 68. v. 使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条
28. n. 极乐之地 69. adj. 难过的，失望的 v使烦恼
29. n. 微风，和风 70. vt. 具有(特质)；拥有；支配
30. v. &n. 保证，担保；确保 71. vt. 中止，放弃，不再有；抛弃
31. n. 爵士乐 72. 突然，猛地
32. n. 拱门；拱 73. n. 管弦乐队
33. n. 改编本，改写本；适应 74. adj. 绝望的；不惜冒险的
34. a. 共产主义的 n. 共产主义者 75. adj. 令人振奋的，鼓舞人心的
35. n. 武装入侵的军队，侵略者 76. n. 容易，轻易 v. 宽慰，减轻
36. 由…组成(或构成) 77. n. 天赋，天资；天才
37. v. 保护，防御；辩白，辩解 78. n. 变奏，变奏曲；变化，变更
38. n. 独奏，独唱 a. 独自的 79. n. 合唱曲；副歌；合唱团
39. vi. &n. 流，流动；充满 80. adj. 宏大的，宏伟的；壮丽的
40. n. 航天(飞行)器，宇宙飞船 81. n. 末乐章，终场，结局；结尾
41. a. 太阳的；太阳能的 82. n. 节奏，韵律，律动；规律
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1．compose vt.& vi.作曲；组成；撰写，使镇静→ n．作曲家，作曲者
2．transform vi.& vt.(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化→ n．转化；转换；变形
3．combine vt.& vi.(使)融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做；合并→ n．结合；组合；联合
4．adaptation n．改编本，改写本；适应→ vt.使适应；改编 vi.适应
5．defend vt.& vi.保护，防御；辩白，辩解→ n．防御；防卫
6．greet vt.问候，欢迎，招呼→ n．问候，招呼；祝贺
7．suitable adj.合适的，适宜的，适当的，适用的→ v．相配，合身；适合
8．distant adj.遥远的，远处的，久远的；冷淡的；远亲的→ n．距离；远方；间隔
9．breath n．呼吸的空气；一次吸入的空气；微量，迹象→ vi.呼吸；松口气
10．expectation n．希望，盼望；预料，预期；期望，指望→ vt.期望；指望；认为；预料 vi.期待；预期
11．enthusiastic adj.热情的，热心的→ n．热心，热忱，热情
12．gifted adj.有才华的，有天赋的→ n．礼物；天赋；赠品
13．prediction n．预言，预测→ v．预言，预知；断言
14．depress vt.使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气→ adj.沮丧的；萧条的
15．possess vt.具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制→ n．拥有；财产
16．variation n．变奏，变奏曲；变化，变更；变体，变种→ vi.变化；变更；不同 vt.改变；使多样化→various adj.各种各样的；多方面的→ n．多样；种类；多样化
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1． 使(关系密切的人)分离，分开
2． 奉送，额外赠送
3． 作为额外增添
4． 开始做某事，开始认真注意(或对待)某事
5． 生病
6． 依赖，依靠；信任
7． 最后是，结果是
8． 深受欢迎
9． 由……组成(或构成)
10． 能够做某事；有能力做某事
11． 突然，猛地
12． 不断涌进；源源不断地流入
13． 发出；闯入；破门而入
14． 不知道；没有察觉到
15． 让某人转过身来
16． 急转弯
17． 决心做……
18． 听进去；接受；理解；欺骗
19． 因为；由于
20． 熟练地；不费力地
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．The familiar melody brought back my (distance) memories.
2．Before we (abandon) the ship, Mike calmly told us to rescue our essential supplies.
3．If he can (combination) his natural ability and hard work, he should be very successful.
4．It had been a (please) journey, which made me refreshed.
5．Despite the dramatic change, she adapted effortlessly to her new (surround).
6．He soon made an (adapt) to the new surroundings and observed New Year’s Day together with his classmates.
7．It is the first time that I have got an A, which is beyond my head teacher’s (expect).
8．The school adviser helped me choose the (suit) courses: maths, English, chemistry.
9．While none of this is guaranteed (work), there is no alternative to trying.
10．The meal, (consist) of fresh seafood, local vegetables, and homemade desserts, was a delightful surprise for the guests.
11．This year has seen a number of (remark) business stories in China.
12．His speech (greet) with a storm of applause.
13．A strong earthquake striking the area last week (sweep) away countless houses and people.
14． (accompany) by their family members, the old tend to live longer and happier.
15．In the past few decades, there has been a (drama) increase in the number of people studying abroad.
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
（2025·河北秦皇岛·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In October 2024, Jimmy Chiang Chi Bun, the first Chinese conductor to lead the Vienna Boys Choir, brought the ensemble (合唱团) to China to demonstrate the power of music across cultures. Chiang, who has directed the Haydn Choir since 2013, 1 (know) for combining Eastern and Western musical traditions. During their Chinese tour, the choir performed classical Chinese pieces such as “Song of the Yangtze River” and the Yunnan folk song “The Flowing Stream”, 2 left a lasting impression on audiences.
Chiang selected songs that reflect Chinese cultural significance, aiming 3 (show) the beauty of Chinese music to international audiences while honoring the choir’s European heritage. He 4 (begin) his musical journey at the piano at age four, performing on stage by five. Chiang later pursued further studies in Europe and America, studying under several world-renowned music masters, 5 instructors from the German, Russian, and Austrian schools. This diverse background allows him to combine the strictness of Eastern music with the 6 (innovate) of Western styles.
Since his first visit to China with the choir in 2015, Chiang has 7 (consistent) featured Chinese music in 8 (they) performances, including “Jasmine Flower” and “Moonlight”. His goal is to foster (促进) global understanding of Chinese culture through universally 9 (appeal) music.
For Chiang, music is 10 than aural pleasure; it’s a bridge between cultures, fostering dialogue and harmony among people regardless of their origins.
（2025·广东·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The National Ballet of China staged a production of Guo Nian, the Chinese version of Tchaikovsky’s The Nutcracker, at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington between January 29th and February 2nd, with seven shows 1 (celebrate) Chinese New Year.
This adaptation moves the story from its traditional Christmas setting to the Spring Festival, 2 time of family reunions, integrating elements like the 12 animals of the Chinese zodiac. The ballet keeps Tchaikovsky’s 3 (origin) score while weaving in typically Chinese cultural symbols such as paper fans, porcelain, and firecrackers, 4 (complete) absorbing the audience in the atmosphere of the Spring Festival.
Star dancers Fang Mengying, Zhou Yue and Chang Sinuo 5 (take) on leading roles, attracting both locals and visitors alike. Under conductor Zhang Yi, the symphony orchestra provided an attractive musical backdrop, 6 strengthened the narrative (叙述) of love, magic and tradition. Artistic director Feng Ying emphasized the 7 (significant) of these performances as UNESCO put the Spring Festival on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity last year, in recognition of 8 (it) growing global appeal.
These shows not only celebrate Chinese culture 9 promote cross-cultural understanding. Through dance, music, and storytelling, the National Ballet of China has bridged two worlds, offering an insight into the heart of Chinese celebrations and traditions. The success of Guo Nian underlines the increasing international recognition of Chinese cultural traditions, paving (铺) the way for even 10 (great) cultural exchange.
考点三Unit 3 The Art of Painting词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. n. 肖像，半身画像；详细描述 47. n. 洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟
2. n. 乡村风景画；风景，景色 48. n. 庄稼，作物；收成，产量
3. v. 闲逛，漫步；走失；走神 49. v. 蜿蜒，迂回，上发条；缠绕
4. n. 展览馆，画廊；长廊，走廊 50. v. (乘船)航行；起航 n. 帆
5. n. 十年，十年期 51. n. 平民，老百姓，庶民
6. adv. 主要地，一般地 52. 各行各业，社会各界
7. n. 池塘，水池 53. n. 肉贩，屠夫
8. n. 画布，油画；帆布 54. 忙于做某事，继续做某事
9. n. 街区，城区；邻近的地方 55. adj. 显而易见，明白易懂，显然
10. v. 突然想到；撞；打 n. 罢工 56. n. 墨水，墨汁
11. n. 环境，背景；情节背景 57. n. 透视法；态度，观点
12. adj. 想法相同的，志趣相投的 58. adj. 细致的，精细的；准确的
13. n. 解放，摆脱 59. adj. 宏大的，艰巨的有野心的
14. adj. 截然不同的；强烈反对的 60. adj. 巨大的，庞大的
15. (表示对比)而，相对于 61. adj. 全而的，详尽的；综合性的
16. v. 在…中有重要特色；支配 62. n. 衣服，服装
17. vt. 运用，使用；雇用 63. n. 庙宇，寺院
18. n. (画家的)笔触，画法 64. n. 建筑物；结构，构造
19. adj. 逼真的，如生的；现实的 65. adj. 全面的，综合的 adv. 全部
20. n. 本质，精髓；香精，精油 66. n. 批评家，评论家；批评者
21. adj. 鲜明的，耀眼的；生动的 67. n. 检查，查看，审视；视察
22. n. 远见卓识；视力，视野；想象 68. vt. 揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露
23. vt. 陈列，展出 n. 陈列，展览 69. adj. 政治的，政府的，政权的
24. adj. 值得…的；值得尊敬的 70. n. 军人，士兵
25. n. 职业，事业；使命感 71. n. 危机，危急关头；危难时刻
26. n. 阴影部分；色度；阴谅处 72. n. & v. 衰退，衰落，减少，下降
27. vt. 以(光线)洒满，覆盖 73. vt. &n. 推翻，打倒
28. n. 像素 74. 由…引起(或造成)
29. vt. 开始，发动 n. 工资，工钱 75. n. 规模；等级；标度；比例
30. n. 活动；战役 v. 发起运动 76. n. 皇帝
31. n. 建筑设计，建筑风格 77. 凭自身的资格(或努力)
32. n. 吐司，烤面包片 v. 干杯 78. adj. 优秀的，杰出的；突出的
33. n. 蒜，大蒜 79. n. 展览，展出
34. n. 蘑菇 80. adj. 稀少的，罕见的；稀罕的
35. v. 整理，布置；安排，筹备 81. 充分说明，清楚表明
36. adj. 未经加工的，自然状态的 82. adj. 历史上著名的；有史时期的
37. n. 长卷纸，卷轴 83. n. 经历，事业；生涯，职业
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1．worthy adj.值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的→ adj.有……价值；值……多少钱
2．oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→ adj.截然不同的；强烈反对的
3．employ vt.运用，使用；雇用→ n．雇主→ n．雇员
→ n．雇用；就业
4．arrange vt.& vi.整理，布置；安排，筹备→ n．布置；整理；筹备；安排
5．ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的→ n．野心，雄心；抱负
6．inspection n．检查，查看；审视，视察→ vt.检查；视察；检阅 vi.进行检查；进行视察
7．expose vt.暴露，显露；揭露，揭穿，使遭受；使接触 n．暴露；揭发
8．exhibition n．展览，展出→ v．展览，展出
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1．期望……，盼望……
2．被安置在……
3．使某人为……做好准备
4．看到……，看见……
5．从……中选出……
6．给某人留下印象
7．被……打动，迷恋……
8．(表示对比)而，相对于
9．值得；配得上的
10．对……有影响
11．由……组成；由……构成；包括
12．各行各业，社会各界
13．着手做某事，继续做某事
14．失控，失去控制
15．大范围的；各种不同的
16．处于……危险之中
17．由……引起(或造成)，归因于
18．凭自身的资格(或努力)
19．充分说明，清楚表明
20．使……被理解
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．Thus, artists were not interested in painting (realist) scenes.
2．It (strike) him that he could deal with the problem in this way.
3．The (politics) leader turned out to be a person of integrity and dignity, which was contrary to the rumor.
4．Dancing allows me to express myself freely, while motorcycle riding provides me with a sense of (liberate).
5．When (expose) to the difficulties and failures, we must overcome them.
6．Jack is a very a (ambition) boy and one of his ambitions is to become a great lawyer in the future.
7．The teacher provided a (comprehension) explanation, making sure everyone understood the lesson and was ready for the exam.
8．Hongya Cave was (historic) important, for it accommodated the local residents in the past.
9．Your future depends on many things, but (most) on you.
10．After more than three (decade), Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other.
11．The temporary exhibition gallery has a wide range of art craft (工艺) and local history (exhibition) which changes every month.
12．The public has reacted in this way because they felt a great relief that the oppressive and unpopular regime (overthrow).
13．On the (rarely) occasions when they met he hardly even dread speak to her.
14．Not only did I oppose the proposal but also my partners were strongly to it. With so much opposition, they had to reject it. (oppose)
15．It is one of the most famous (gallery) worldwide.
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 1 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
Go is one of 2 earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.
“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope 3 (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘ 4 (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
“The players’ personalities 5 (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 6 (try) to beat the opponent 7 no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ”
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 8 (strategy) placement of the pieces, 9 the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 10 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
（2025·辽宁·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Maya pyramids (金字塔), often 1 (refer) to as Mayan temples, are among the most representative structures left by the ancient Maya civilization. These architectural wonders, primarily found in present-day Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, and El Salvador, 2 (build) over a period of approximately 2000 years.
One of the 3 (famous) Maya pyramids is the Kukulcán Pyramid located in Chichén Itzá, Mexico. This pyramid stands as a proof to the advanced knowledge of astronomy possessed by the Mayans. The structure has four stairs, each with 91 steps, 4 (reach) 364 steps when combined, plus a top step to make 365 — this represents 5 number of days in a solar year. Maya pyramids typically served 6 ceremonial centers rather than tombs like the Egyptian pyramids. At the top of these pyramids lie temples where ceremonies were conducted. Another noteworthy site is the Pyramid of the Magician, which is famous for its impressive construction techniques and 7 (characteristic). The structure’s design allows a whisper at one end 8 (hear) distinctly at the other, though it is about 180 meters across.
The Maya pyramids are not only 9 (remark) for their size and architectural skills but also for the cultural and historical insights they offer into a civilization in 10 is now Central America and the Yucatán Peninsula.
考点四Unit 4 Exploring literature词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. adj. 贫瘠的，不毛的；不结果的 47. n. 声明，宣称 v. 宣称，声称
2. adj. 结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的 48. v. 踩，踏；踩碎，践踏；行走
3. vt. 含有…的意思，暗示 49. n. & vi. 叹气，叹息
4. n. 方面，侧面；规模，程度 50. adv. 因此，出此
5. n. & vt. 理解，领会；抓紧，握紧 51. v. 敢于，胆敢；激某人做某事
6. vt. 发现，查明，侦察出 52. n. 居民，居住者
7. n. 押韵词 v. 押韵；和…同韵 53. adj. 引人注目的；妩媚动人的
8. adj. 复杂的，难懂的 n. 建筑群 54. vt. 是…的特征，以…为典型
9. adj. 相互矛盾的，对立的 55. n. 儒家，儒学，孔子学说
10. 发现，搜集，查明 56. n. 道教，道家
11. n. 线索，提示；迹象 57. n. 传说，传奇故事；传奇人物
12. vt. 把…关在笼中 n. 笼子 58. vt. 偶然碰到，意外地遇见
13. n. (鸟)啼啭；颤音 v. 发颤音 59. vt. 培养，助长；抚养，滋养
14. v. 解释，阐释；把…理解为 60. adj. 众多的，许多的
15. n. 耐心，忍耐力 61. adj. 荣耀的，光荣的；壮丽的
16. adv. 到旁边，在旁边；留，存 62. n. 激增，繁荣 vi. 迅速发展
17. 把…放一边；留出 63. n. 稳定(性)，稳固(性)
18. adj. 偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的 64. adj. 宽容的，容忍的；能耐…的
19. vt. 奖励，奖赏 n. 奖励，回报 65. n. 自由
20. adv. 始终，一直 66. adj. 不受约束的，自由的
21. adj. 符合逻辑的；必然的 67. n. 生命力，活力，热情
22. adj. 内心的，隐藏的；里面的 68. v. 成为…特征，使有别于
23. vt. 注意到，意识到 69. n. 夸张，夸大
24. n. 现实，实际情况；事实 70. n. 暗喻，隐喻
25. n. 薄雾，水汽 71. adj. 典型的 n. 典型人物
26. n. 小说家 72. n. 霜；霜冻，严寒天气
27. 与某事终止关联，破除 73. v. 投射 n. 全体演员；投，拋
28. n. 理想；典范 adj. 完美的 74. vt. 欠(情)；欠(债)
29. adj. 死板的，僵硬的；固执的 75. n. 人情债，情义，恩情；借款
30. vt. 经历，经受 76. vt. &vi. 深深吸引，迷住
31. n. 工业化 77. vt. 给…命名；使享有权利
32. vt. 拥护，支持 n. 拥护者 78. vt. 把…归咎于 n. 责任，责备
33. n. 看法，信念；信仰；相信 79. n. 津贴，补助；限额；零花钱
34. n. 时代，年代 80. 体谅；考虑到，估计到
35. n. 区，行政区；地区，区域 81. n. 巨大成功 vi. 打败，战胜
36. vi. 分叉，岔开；分歧，相异 82. n. 冒名顶替者，冒名行骗者
37. v. & n. 拐弯，弯曲；弯道 83. adj. 棘手的；不饶人的
38. adj. 贫瘠的，不毛的；不结果的 84. n. 声明，宣称 v. 宣称，声称
39. adj. 结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的 85. v. 踩，踏；踩碎，践踏；行走
40. vt. 含有…的意思，暗示 86. n. &vi. 叹气，叹息
41. n. 方面，侧面；规模，程度 87. adv. 因此，出此
42. n. & vt. 理解，领会；抓紧，握紧 88. v. 敢于，胆敢；激某人做某事
43. vt. 发现，查明，侦察出 89. n. 居民，居住者
44. n. 押韵词 v. 押韵；和…同韵 90. adj. 引人注目的；妩媚动人的
45. adj. 复杂的，难懂的 n. 建筑群 91. vt. 是…的特征，以…为典型
46. adj. 相互矛盾的，对立的
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1．imply vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指→ n．含义；暗示；影响
2．reality n．事实，实际经历；现实；实际情况→ adj.真的
→ adv.真正地；实际上
patience n．耐心；忍耐力→ adj.忍耐的；耐心的 n．病人
→ adv.耐心地
4．constant adj.持续不断的；重复的→ adv.不断地；始终，一直
5．logical adj.符合逻辑的；必然的；合乎情理的→ adv.逻辑上；符合逻辑地
6．distinguish vt.& vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众
→ adj.卓越的；著名的；高贵的；受尊重的
representative adj.典型的，有代表性的 n．典型人物，代表性人物；代表
→ vt.代表；描绘
8．fascinate vt.& vi.深深吸引，迷住→ adj.迷人的，吸引人的
9．entitle vt.给……命名；使享有权利，使符合资格→ n．标题，权利，头衔 v．加标题，定题目
10．allowance n．津贴，补助；限额；零花钱→ vt.允许；给予；认可
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1．与某事终止关联，破除
2．把……放一边
3．发现，搜集，查明
4．终于，最后
5．注意；重视；留心；注意到
6．as long as
7．set up
8．set down
9．in reality
10．in reward for
11．体谅；考虑到，估计到
12．让某人熟悉
13．根源在于；植根于
14．使……有别于……
15．被视为……，被认为是……
16．be characterized by
17．breathe vitality into
18．be inseparable from
19．be representative of
20．be fascinated by
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．He explains every problem to his students with great (patient).
2．The problem is worthy of (discuss).
3． (wrap) the wound with fabric is the first step and then you should rush the victim to hospital.
4．I have great difficulty (cooperate) with the new mechanic who is so stubborn.
5．The students, who voiced their opinions at the conference yesterday, are the (represent) of the Student Union.
6．Despite lacking modern smart device, the newly (decorate) house looks extremely cozy.
7．The building’s modern style stands in (strike) contrast to the surrounding neighborhood.
8．I’m just waiting for a friend. It’s an appointment (make) two decades ago.
9．What can we do to prevent these animals from (disappear)
10．When it comes to (rate) restaurants, food taste and service quality are top considerations.
11． (recycle) paper can save a lot of trees.
12．All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts’ content with a ball (make) of plastic bags.
13．The museum, (locate) in the city center, attracts many visitors interested in natural history.
14．It is worthwhile (consider) the suggestion put forward at the conference.
15．Without our phones, we had a proper conversation for over two hours, without (distract) by messages from other people.
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
（2025·湖北襄阳·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Poet Su Shi
Su Shi, (1037-1101) one of the most popular classical Chinese poets, came from a literary family: his father and brother were both great poets in their own rights. At the age of 19, Su Shi passed the civil service examination, 1 was a gateway to a political career. Then he took on 2 (variety) governmental positions, including 3 (serve) as the magistrate of Mizhou and the governor of Xuzhou. However, because of his opposition to radical reform measures, he was repeatedly demoted.
Su Shi’s first remote trip of exile was to Huangzhou, Hubei Province, where he often wandered along the rivers and in the mountains. 4 was here that he wrote many of his best poems, such as Reflections on the Ancient Red Cliff-To the Tune of Nian Nu Jiao (《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》). In this poem, he expressed his 5 (admire) for some heroic figures, and described his aspirations and sorrows. The poem 6 (remain) so popular that nearly every Chinese student can recite it: The Great River flows, eastward waves sweeping away, for thousands of years, heroic figures...
7 his hard life, Su Shi’s works show a spirit of confidence and optimism. His poems make people feel 8 (encourage), reminding them that even during the hardest of times, there is always room for hope. Even today, Su Shi’s poems still have 9 enormous influence on Chinese people. They can always 10 (hear) in classrooms all over China, and seen quoted in the works of many Chinese scholars.
（2025·陕西咸阳·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Du Fu: China’s Greatest Poet,” a 58-minute documentary (纪录片) released in international media outlets, has attracted worldwide attention. Praised as “Chinas greatest poet,” Du Fu 1 (introduce) to the Western world in documentary form for the first time in 2020.
The documentary uses “the greatest” to describe Du Fu, not only in China, but also in the scope of world literature, 2 (put) him alongside Dante and Shakespeare, and pointing out that there 3 (be) no such figure in the West as Du Fu. It also explores Du Fu 4 visiting modern China, tracing his life and retracing his steps through places like Xi’an, Chengdu, and Changsha.
The documentary also gives 5 (high) favorable recognition to the long tradition of Chinese poetry, which is earlier than Homer’s Iliad and the Odyssey, and shows that the era when Emperor Xuanzong ruled China in the Tang Dynasty (618—907) was the 6 (bright) era of culture and the most splendid era. of-poetry. At that time, there was no civilization in the world that possessed such 7 （elegant）and culture as the Chinese civilization.
From 8 Englishman’s point of view, historian Michael Wood tries to find traces of Du Fu in a rapidly changing China, where poets have always been seen as the trusted recorders of the people’s hearts 9 the nation’s history. “And for the Chinese, Du Fu is more than a poet,” said Wood. “For 10 (generation), he has been the protector of the moral conscience (道德良知) of the nation.”
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)第04讲 选修一词汇
目录
01 考情解码·命题预警 2
02 体系构建·思维可视 3
03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 4
考点一 Unit 1 Food Matters 4
知识点1 读单词、识词义 4
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 6
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 7
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 7
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 8
考点二 Unit 2 The Universal Language 13
知识点1 读单词、识词义 13
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 14
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 15
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 16
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 18
考点三 Unit 3 The Art of Painting 21
知识点1 读单词、识词义 21
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 21
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 23
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 24
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 26
考点四 Unit 4 Exploring Poetry 30
知识点1 读单词、识词义 31
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 31
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 32
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 32
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 35
教材词汇 课标词汇 2025：spare , count on; fire (熟词生义)；company; permission；uncomfortable;cut； 2024:confirm；guidance(派生词)；digital； professionally（派生词） 2023:rental,erase,statistician,bimonthly; fiberglass, ecosystem,checkpoint; mind(n.-v.); leaf(n.-v.); tear(n.-v.); average(n.-v.); touch(v.-n.); 新高考词汇难度增大。2025年新高考I卷为例，不包含听力部分和问题部分，总词数便达2600词。其中包括很多派生词。新高考II卷包含听力部分试卷总词数达2904词。读后续写部分要求读写结合，需要更多的词汇积累和输出。这个数词基本与2024年持平，但对于词汇的活用有增无减。在备考中，应当注重掌握课标，扩充课外阅读量。 稳中有升增加对熟词生义的考查。 适度考查一些学生不常接触的高考词汇。 加大了对构词法的考查力度。 全面考查词汇在语境中灵活运用的能力，如情境意识、同义转换和概要思维能力。
复习目标：以新课标词汇为依据，新教材单词表为蓝本，以近三年新高考真题为导向，在一轮词汇复习中夯实词汇基础，并反复积累，运用构词法扩大词汇量并在大量的语篇阅读中迁移词汇运用能力，大胆猜测熟词的生义并积累地道的搭配和习惯用语。
考点一Unit 1 Food matters词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. n. 情绪，心情；气氛，氛围 mood 47. n. 提拉米苏 tiramisu
2. n. 结合体，联合体；联合，混合 combination 48. n. 面包(糕饼)店 bakery
3. 奏效，起作用，达到目的 do the trick 49. n. 层，表层；层次 layer
4. adj. 含奶油的；像奶油的 creamy 50. n. 干酪，奶酪 cheese
5. n. 味，味道；特点 vt. 给调味 flavour 51. adj. 味苦的；激烈的；难过的 bitter
6. adv. 贪婪地，贪心地 greedily 52. n. 奶油，乳脂；护肤箱 cream
7. adv. 轻柔地，温和地 gently 53. n. 材料，成分；因素，要素 ingredient
8. n. (饭后)甜点，甜食 dessert 54. adj. 不受约束的；未固定牢的 loose
9. n. 联想，联系；协会，社团 association 55. 释放；放任 let sth. loose
10. vi. 变化，变更 vt. 变更，改变 vary 56. n. 辣椒 chilli
11. vt. 联系，相关联 n. 联系 link 57. n. 甜椒；胡椒粉 pepper
12. n. 情感，强烈的感情，激情 emotion 58. 花椒 Sichuan pepper
13. n. 碟状物，茶碟，茶托 saucer 59. n. 洋葱，葱头 onion
14. n. 醋 vinegar 60. 小葱，香葱 spring onion
15. n. 本地人 a. 出生地/本地的 native 61. adj. 潮湿的，湿气重的 damp
16. adj. 咸的，含盐的 salty 62. adj. 有雾的，雾茫茫的 foggy
17. adj. 酸的；馊的 v. 变坏；变味 sour 63. n. 朝，代；王朝 dynasty
18. 迫切需要 cry out for 64. v. 增加，扩大；扩展，发展 expand
19. vt. 解除，减轻；缓和，缓解 relieve 65. adj. 数量多的，多样的 multiple
20. n. 纽带，联系；连接，结合 bond 66. n. 调味汁，酱 sauce
21. n. 安全；保护措施；保安部门 security 67. adj. 朴素的，简单的 n. 平原 plain
22. vt. 产生，引起 generate 68. n. 薄片，片 vt. 把切成片 slice
23. n. 卡，卡路里；千卡 calorie 69. n. 主厨，厨师 chef
24. v. 消化；领会 n. 摘要，文摘 digest 70. n. 性质，特性；所有物，财产 property
25. vt. 降低；把…放低 adj. 下面的 lower 71. adj. 合适的 appropriate
26. n. 循环；自行车 vi. 骑自行车 cycle 72. vt. 估计，估价 n. 估计 estimate
27. vt. 提高，增强 enhance 73. vt. 吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费 consume
28. 投身于，热衷于 throw oneself into 74. 使人满意，正合需要 hit the spot
29. vt. &vi用沸水煮；(使)沸腾 boil 75. adj. & n. 广东人(的)，粵语(的) Cantonese
30. vt. &vi. 油炸，油煎 fry 76. n. 点心 dim sum
31. n. 牛排；肉排，肉块 steak 77. adj. 必不可少的；本质的 essential
32. n. 平锅，平底锅 pan 78. n. 创造，创新；新思想，新方法 innovation
33. v. 使钦佩，给…留深刻印象 impress 79. n. 概念，观念 concept
34. n. 自助餐 buffet 80. vt. 促进，激发；刺激，使兴奋 stimulate
35. n. (海或湖的)湾 bay 81. n. 食欲，胃口；强烈欲望 appetite
36. n. 风景，景色；舞台布景 scenery 82. adj. 精致的，精细的，精密的 delicate
37. n. 打赌，赌注；预计 v. 下赌注 bet 83. n. 强调，重视；重读 emphasis
38. n. 气氛，氛围；大气；气体 atmosphere 84. v. 蒸；散发蒸汽 n. 水蒸气 steam
39. 好得不得了，非凡，呱呱叫 out of this world 85. n. 克 gram
40. n. 变体，变种；说法；版本 version 86. n. 甘蓝，卷心菜 cabbage
41. n. (糕点等的)馅 filling 87. n. (食品等)包装材料，包装纸 wrapper
42. adj. 年纪较大的，上了年纪的 elderly 88. n. 混合物；混合，结合 mixture
43. vt. &vi. 烘烤；烤硬 bake 89. n. 边，边缘；刀口 edge
44. n. 面粉 flour 90. adv. 成碎片；分开；相隔 apart
45. adj. 可爱的，讨人喜爱的 adorable 91. 破碎，破裂；崩溃 fall apart
46. adj. 不浓的，淡味的；暖和的 mild
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1．combination n．结合体，联合体→combine vt.使联合，使结合 vi.联合，结合
2．greedily adv.贪婪地，贪心地→greedy adj.贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的
3．gently adv.轻柔地，温和地→gentle adj.温和的；文雅的
4．association n．联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往→associate v．联想，联系；(使)关联
5．vary vi.相异，不同；变化 vt.变更，改变→various adj.各种各样的；多方面的→variety n．多样；种类；多样化
6．relieve vt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解→relief n．救济；减轻，解除；安慰
7．generate vt.产生，引起→generation n．一代；产生；一代人；生殖
8．impress vt.& vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到→impression n．印象；效果
9．security n．安全；保护措施；保安部门；担保，保证→secure adj.安全的
10．adorable adj.可爱的，讨人喜爱的→adore vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱；极喜欢
11．foggy adj.有雾的，雾茫茫的→fog n．雾
12．appropriate adj.合适的→appropriately adv.适当地；合适地
13．consume vt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)→consumer n．消费者；顾客
14．innovation n．创造，创新；新思想，新方法→innovate vi.创新；改革；革新
15．emphasis n．强调，重视；重读→emphasize vt.强调，着重
16．wrapper n．(食品等的)包装材料，包装纸→wrap vt.包；缠绕
17．mixture n．混合物；混合，结合→mix v．(使)混合
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1．do the trick 奏效，起作用，达到目的
2．cry out for 迫切需要
3．throw oneself into 投身于
4．out of this world 好(或美等)得不得了
5．refer to 参考；涉及；指的是
6．make up for弥补
7．tie up with 和……有密切关系
8．cheer sb.up使某人振作起来
9．let sth.loose放任，释放
10．hit the spot 使人满意，正合需要
11．fall apart破碎，破裂；崩溃
12．together with 和；连同
13．be covered with被……盖满；充满着……
14．start off出发；开始
15．all year round 全年；一整年
16．take off 起飞；脱下；离开；迅速流行
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．I am writing to apply for being a volunteer of your (associate).
【答案】association
【详解】考查名词。句意：我写信是为了申请成为贵协会的志愿者。此处为名词作宾语，associate的名词为association，表示“协会、组织”，且特指某协会，所以使用名词单数形式。故填association。
2．There is a mutual understanding and a sense of (secure) that you both share.
【答案】security
【详解】考查名词。句意：你们双方都有一种相互理解的感觉，并且都有安全感。分析句子可知，a sense of + 名词表示“一种……的感觉”，secure是形容词，其名词形式是security，为不可数名词，a sense of security意为“一种安全感”。故填security。
3．They had closer (bond) developed with the readers.
【答案】bonds
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：他们与读者建立了更紧密的联系。bond是可数名词，意为“联系；纽带”，根据语境可知，他们与读者之间形成了多种更紧密的联系，所以要用复数形式bonds。故填bonds。
4．The menu often (vary) with season.
【答案】varies
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：菜单经常因季节而异。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，The menu与vary为主动关系，由often可知，这里时态应用一般现在时，主语The menu为第三人称单数形式。故填varies。
5． (greed) ate bowl after bowl of her silicious rice pudding.
【答案】Greedily
【详解】考查副词。 句意：贪婪地吃了一碗又一碗的香米布丁。副词greedily作状语修饰动词，首字母大写。 故填Greedily。
6．The firm is working on a new product in (combine) with several overseas partners.
【答案】combination
【详解】考查名词。句意：这家公司正在与几家海外合作伙伴联合开发一种新产品。作介词的宾语，用名词combination，故填combination。
7．The exhibition is well worth visiting and you can see fancy vases (花瓶) of different (dynasty) on show there.
【答案】dynasties
【详解】考查名词。句意：这个展览很值得参观，在那里你可以看到不同朝代的精美花瓶在展出。可数名词dynasty(朝代)作宾语，有形容词different修饰，用复数形式dynasties。故填dynasties。
8．The company’s (expand) into overseas markets requires a deep understanding of different cultures.
【答案】expansion
【详解】考查名词。句意：公司向海外市场的扩张需要对不同的文化有深刻的了解。空处应用名词，作主语，expansion表示“扩张”，为不可数名词。故填expansion。
9．Jack told me that the junk food (consume) half an hour before.
【答案】had been consumed
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：杰克告诉我，那些垃圾食品在半小时前就已经被吃完了。设空处为从句谓语，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，从句谓语发生在主句谓语动词之前，应用过去完成时，所以用过去完成时的被动语态，故填had been consumed。
10．In Guangzhou, morning tea is such an (essence) part of daily routine.
【答案】essential
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在广州，早茶是日常生活中的一个必不可少的部分。essence是名词，意思是“精华”，横线后有名词part，说明应该将essence变成形容词，充当定语，essence的形容词是essential，意思是“必要的”。故答案是essential。
11．Sometimes the smell alone can do the trick, not to mention the lovely, (cream) flavour, which works like a time machine transporting me back to sunny childhood.
【答案】creamy
【详解】考查形容词。句意：有时候，光是气味就可以起作用，更不用说可爱的奶油味了，它就像一台时光机，把我带回阳光明媚的童年。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语，修饰后面名词，creamy，表“含奶油的”，为形容词，符合句意。故填creamy。
12．When she places them on the table, they look (adore) — small, round and shiny golden-brown.
【答案】adorable
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当她把它们放在桌子上时，它们看起来很可爱——小小的，圆圆的，闪着金黄色的光。look为系动词，此处为形容词作表语，adore的形容词为adorable，表明主语they的性质，意为“可爱的”。故填adorable。
13．It is a (fog) day! We can’t see things clearly in the distance.
【答案】foggy
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一个雾天！我们看不清远处的东西。修饰名词day用形容词foggy，作定语。故填foggy。
14．It is necessary for us (sharpen) our eyes to tell right from wrong by enriching our thinking with innovative theories.
【答案】to sharpen
【详解】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：我们有必要通过用创新理论丰富我们的思想来擦亮眼睛，分辨是非。“It is necessary for sb. to do sth.”是固定句型，意思是“对某人来说做某事是必要的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，故填to sharpen。
15．It has been proved that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at (low) risk of diseases.
【答案】lower
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：事实证明，爱运动的人往往有更好的免疫系统，患病风险也更低。根据上文better以及句意表示“更低的患病风险”可知，此处应用比较级lower。故填lower。
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
（2025·湖南长沙·模拟预测）阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式, 并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Legend has it that the scent of a steaming pot caused a Buddha to leap over a temple wall, hence the name of the famed Fujian dish Fotiaoqiang, 1 “Buddha Jumps over the Wall”. This “King of Fujian Cuisine” is now leaping into homes around the world, driven by China’s booming ready-to-eat food industry and a push 2 (promote) traditional cuisine.
For centuries, Fotiaoqiang, a kind of thick soup cooked with more than 30 kinds of ingredients, 3 (symbolize) abundance and reunion in the culture of Fujian. The magic lies in preserving each 4 (component) distinct flavor while merging them into one dish. However, this complex preparation process 5 sourcing rare ingredients alone takes days once made it a rarity, even in local restaurants.
The rise of China’s pre-made meal industry, with annual output value 6 (estimate) at 500 billion yuan, has redefined the market. In some Fujian-based factories automation and bulk (大宗的) sourcing have turned Fotiaoqiang into 7 affordable food. In addition, automated production equipment has been developed, with digital systems 8 (precise) managing every stage of the process-from adding ingredients to simmering, freezing, and packaging — 9 (ensure) consistent flavor in every product. These products are now exported to over 10 countries and regions, including 10 in Europe, America, and Southeast Asia, bringing the “taste of home” to overseas Chinese communities.
【答案】
1．or 2．to promote 3．has symbolized 4．component’s 5．where 6．estimated 7．an 8．precisely 9．ensuring 10．those
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了福建名菜“佛跳墙”的名称由来、文化象征意义，以及中国预制菜产业的兴起如何让这道菜走向全球。
1．考查连词。句意：传说中, 一口热气腾腾的锅冒出的香气使一位正在冥想的佛陀跳过了一座寺庙的墙，从而产生了著名的福建菜——“佛跳墙”的名字。此处连接菜的中文名“Fotiaoqiang”和英文名“Buddha Jumps over the Wall”，表示“或者”，用连词or。故填or。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国迅速发展的即食食品行业和推广传统美食的推动下，这个“闽菜之王”现在正跃入世界各地的千家万户。此处作名词push的后置定语，根据a push to do sth.意为“……的推动下”，所以此处使用动词不定式to promote。故填to promote。
3．考查动词时态。句意：几个世纪以来，佛跳墙——一种用30多种食材熬制的浓汤——在福建文化中象征着富足和团圆。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语For centuries可知，此处强调从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时，主语Fotiaoqiang为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为has symbolized。故填has symbolized。
4．考查名词所有格。句意：它的神奇之处在于保留了每一种食材的独特风味，同时又将它们融合到一道菜中。此处修饰名词flavor，表示“每种食材的”，用单数名词所有格component’s。故填component’s。
5．考查定语从句。句意：然而，这种复杂的准备过程——仅采购稀有食材就需要数天时间——曾让它成为一种罕见的菜品，即使在当地餐馆也是如此。此处为关系词引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为process为抽象地点名词，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语（指在准备过程中），用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国预制菜产业的崛起（年产值估计为5000亿元）重新定义了市场。此处为with复合结构，annual output value与estimate为逻辑被动关系，用过去分词estimated作宾补。故填estimated。
7．考查冠词。句意：在福建的一些工厂，自动化和大宗采购已将佛跳墙变成一种实惠的食品。food为可数名词单数，表泛指“一种实惠的食品”，且affordable以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
8．考查副词。句意：此外，自动化生产设备已经开发出来，数字系统精确管理从添加食材到慢炖、冷冻和包装的每一个环节，确保每个产品的风味一致。此处修饰动词managing，用副词作状语，precise的副词形式为precisely意为“精确地”符合句意。故填precisely。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处为非谓语动词作状语，该空后内容是前句造成的自然而然的、意料之中的结果，用现在分词形式ensuring表示自然而然的结果。故填ensuring。
10．考查代词。句意：这些产品目前出口到10多个国家和地区，包括欧美和东南亚的那些国家和地区，为海外华人社区带来“家乡的味道”。此处指代前文“countries and regions”，为复数，用those指代同类事物。故填those。
（2025·甘肃庆阳·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Having spent years 1 (introduce) Hainan to the outside world, Jake Canning decided to bring something British to the southern Chinese island, and the platter (拼盘) included the iconic fish and chips.
Running a Western-style restaurant named Roxy’s in Haikou, the capital of Hainan Province, the 32-year-old British national has seen a rising enthusiasm among the Chinese 2 (taste) homemade Western food.
“My customers include not only Westerners, but also a lot of locals. Every weekend, the restaurant 3 (continue) to receive customers until closing time,” Canning said.
Though not as familiar with the Chinese market as other local restaurateurs, Canning believes his competitiveness lies in his certification as a 4 (provide) of authentic Western-style food.
His restaurant, named after a dog the couple adopted from 5 animal shelter, opened to the public in September last year, 6 (facilitate) by the business-friendly environment of the province.
Since the eatery’s opening, he has been 7 (pleasant) surprised by the number of local foodies (美食家) 8 have been drawn to the restaurant’s menu of homemade Western items such as the full English breakfast and fish and chips.
“Food culture is a large part of everyday life in China,and 9 my opinion, the Chinese people are 10 (adventure) when it comes to trying new foods,” he said.
【答案】
1．introducing 2．to taste 3．continues 4．provider 5．an 6．facilitated 7．pleasantly 8．who/that 9．in 10．adventurous
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了英国人杰克·坎宁在海南海口经营一家名为Roxy’s的西餐厅，将正宗英式美食带到中国南方岛屿，并受到当地食客欢迎的故事。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在花费多年时间向外界介绍海南之后，杰克·坎宁决定把一些英国的东西带到这个中国南方的岛屿上，其中包括标志性的炸鱼薯条。此处为非谓语动词作宾语，根据“spend time (in) doing sth.”意为“花费时间做某事”可知，此处用动名词作宾语。故填introducing。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这位32岁的英国人在海南省省会海口经营一家名为Roxy’s的西餐厅，他注意到中国人对品尝自制西餐的热情日益高涨。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，结合句意，此处表示将来的动作，应使用不定式作后置定语，修饰enthusiasm，表示“品尝西餐的热情”。故填to taste。
3．考查动词时态。句意：坎宁说：“我的顾客不仅有西方人，还有很多当地人。每个周末，餐厅都会一直接待顾客直到打烊。” 此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语Every weekend 以及上文的谓语动词include可知，此处描述习惯性动作，用一般现在时；主语the restaurant为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填continues。
4．考查名词。句意：尽管不像其他当地餐馆老板那样熟悉中国市场，坎宁相信他的竞争力在于他作为正宗西餐提供者的认证。不定冠词a后接名词，provide的名词形式为provider意为“提供者”符合句意。故填provider。
5．考查冠词。句意：他的餐厅以这对夫妇从一家动物收容所收养的一只狗命名，去年9月在该省友好的商业环境助力下向公众开放。“animal shelter”为单数可数名词，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处泛指“一家动物收容所”，且animal以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处为非谓语动词作状语，facilitate与逻辑主语restaurant之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填facilitated。
7．考查副词。句意：自从这家餐厅开业以来，当地美食家的数量让他惊喜不已，他们被餐厅的自制西餐菜单所吸引，比如全套英式早餐和炸鱼薯条。修饰形容词surprised用副词，pleasant的副词形式为pleasantly意为“愉快地；惊喜地”符合句意。故填pleasantly。
8．考查定语从句。句意同上。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为local foodies，指人，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词who/that引导从句。故填who/that。
9．考查介词。句意：他说：“饮食文化是中国日常生活的重要组成部分，在我看来，中国人在尝试新食物时很有冒险精神。” 此处为固定搭配“in one’s opinion”意为“在某人看来”，所以此处使用介词in。故填in。
10．考查形容词。句意同上。系动词are后接形容词作表语，adventure的形容词形式为adventurous意为“爱冒险的；有冒险精神的”符合句意。故填adventurous。
考点二 Unit 2 The universal language词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. adj. 奥地利的，奥地利人的 Austrian 42. vt. 问候，欢迎，招呼 greet
2. n. 作曲家，作曲者 composer 43. 开始做某事，开始注意某事 get down to doing sth.
3. n. 交响乐，交响曲 symphony 44. adj. 合适的，适宜的，适当的 suitable
4. n. 协奏曲 concerto 45. n. 录音，视频；录制；记录 recording
5. adj. 波兰(人/语)的 Polish 46. adj. 遥远的，远处的，久远的 distant
6. vt. &vi. 作曲；组成；撰写 compose 47. n. 音量，响度；体积，容积 volume
7. vt. 值得，应得 deserve 48. vi. 盯着看，凝视 n. 盯，凝视 stare
8. 使(关系密切的人)分离，分开 tear apart 49. n. 呼吸的空气；微量，迹象 breath
9. adj. 令人愉快的，可喜的 pleasant 50. adj. 特别的，不寻常的；独特的 unusual
10. v. 耳语，低语 n. 低语；传言 whisper 51. v. 吸引；抓住；赶紧，抓紧 grab
11. adj. 激动人心的，引人注目的 dramatic 52. v. 席卷，横扫 n. 打扫，清扫 sweep
12. v. 哭泣，流泪 weep 53. n. 唱片；光碟，光盘；圆盘 disc
13. vt. 受到…的极大影响；克服 overcome 54. adj. 复杂的，难懂的 complicated
14. n. 悲伤，悲痛；伤心事 sorrow 55. n. (乡间)小路；小巷；车道 lane
15. n. 坟墓；死亡 a. 严重的 grave 56. vt. 陪同，陪伴；伴随 accompany
16. vi. & vt. (使)变形，(使)改观 transform 57. n. 希望，盼望；预料，预期 expectation
17. adv. 永远；长久地；老是 forever 58. adj. 非凡的，奇异的，显著的 remarkable
18. v. 使融合；使结合，使混合 combine 59. v. 鱼贯而行，流 n. 小溪；人流 stream
19. 依赖，依靠；信任 rely on 60. adj. 热情的，热心的 enthusiastic
20. n. 布鲁斯音乐，蓝调；忧郁 blues 61. n. 手帕，纸巾 handkerchief
21. adj. 民间的 n. 民间音乐 folk 62. adj. 大量的，辽阔的，巨大的 vast
22. n. 曲调，曲子 vt. 调音 tune 63. adj. 有才华的，有天赋的 gifted
23. n. 歌词；抒情诗 adj. 抒情的 lyric 64. n. 名誉，名声 reputation
24. 奉送，额外赠送 throw in 65. adj. 聪颖的，艺高的；巧妙的 brilliant
25. 作为额外增添 for good measure 66. n. 预言，预测 prediction
26. adj. 乡村的，农村的 rural 67. adj. 不寻常的，非凡的 extraordinary
27. n. 周围，环境 surroundings 68. v. 使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条 depress
28. n. 极乐之地 heaven 69. adj. 难过的，失望的 v使烦恼 upset
29. n. 微风，和风 brecze 70. vt. 具有(特质)；拥有；支配 possess
30. v. & n. 保证，担保；确保 guarantee 71. vt. 中止，放弃，不再有；抛弃 abandon
31. n. 爵士乐 jazz 72. 突然，猛地 all of a sudden
32. n. 拱门；拱 arch 73. n. 管弦乐队 orchestra
33. n. 改编本，改写本；适应 adaptation 74. adj. 绝望的；不惜冒险的 desperate
34. adj. 共产主义的 n. 共产主义者 communist 75. adj. 令人振奋的，鼓舞人心的 uplifting
35. n. 武装入侵的军队，侵略者 invader 76. n. 容易，轻易 v. 宽慰，减轻 ease
36. 由…组成(或构成) consist of 77. n. 天赋，天资；天才 genius
37. v. 保护，防御；辩白，辩解 defend 78. n. 变奏，变奏曲；变化，变更 variation
38. n. 独奏，独唱 adj. 独自的 solo 79. n. 合唱曲；副歌；合唱团 chorus
39. vi. &n. 流，流动；充满 flow 80. adj. 宏大的，宏伟的；壮丽的 grand
40. n. 航天(飞行)器，宇宙飞船 spacecraft 81. n. 末乐章，终场，结局；结尾 finale
41. adj. 太阳的；太阳能的 solar 82. n. 节奏，韵律，律动；规律 rhythm
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1．compose vt.& vi.作曲；组成；撰写，使镇静→composer n．作曲家，作曲者
2．transform vi.& vt.(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化→transformation n．转化；转换；变形
3．combine vt.& vi.(使)融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做；合并→combination n．结合；组合；联合
4．adaptation n．改编本，改写本；适应→adapt vt.使适应；改编 vi.适应
5．defend vt.& vi.保护，防御；辩白，辩解→defence n．防御；防卫
6．greet vt.问候，欢迎，招呼→greeting n．问候，招呼；祝贺
7．suitable adj.合适的，适宜的，适当的，适用的→suit v．相配，合身；适合
8．distant adj.遥远的，远处的，久远的；冷淡的；远亲的→distance n．距离；远方；间隔
9．breath n．呼吸的空气；一次吸入的空气；微量，迹象→breathe vi.呼吸；松口气
10．expectation n．希望，盼望；预料，预期；期望，指望→expect vt.期望；指望；认为；预料 vi.期待；预期
11．enthusiastic adj.热情的，热心的→enthusiasm n．热心，热忱，热情
12．gifted adj.有才华的，有天赋的→gift n．礼物；天赋；赠品
13．prediction n．预言，预测→predict v．预言，预知；断言
14．depress vt.使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气→depressed adj.沮丧的；萧条的
15．possess vt.具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制→possession n．拥有；财产
16．variation n．变奏，变奏曲；变化，变更；变体，变种→vary vi.变化；变更；不同 vt.改变；使多样化→various adj.各种各样的；多方面的→variety n．多样；种类；多样化
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1．tear apart使(关系密切的人)分离，分开
2．throw in奉送，额外赠送
3．for good measure作为额外增添
4．get down to (doing) sth.开始做某事，开始认真注意(或对待)某事
5．fall sick 生病
6．rely on 依赖，依靠；信任
7．turn out 最后是，结果是
8．be well received 深受欢迎
9．consist of 由……组成(或构成)
10．be capable of doing sth. 能够做某事；有能力做某事
11．all of a sudden 突然，猛地
12．stream into 不断涌进；源源不断地流入
13．break into 发出；闯入；破门而入
14．be unaware of 不知道；没有察觉到
15．turn sb.around 让某人转过身来
16．take a sharp turn 急转弯
17．be determined to do 决心做……
18．take in 听进去；接受；理解；欺骗
19．because of 因为；由于
20．with ease 熟练地；不费力地
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．The familiar melody brought back my (distance) memories.
【答案】distant
【详解】考查形容词。句意：熟悉的旋律勾起了我遥远的回忆。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词memories，distance的形容词是distant，意为“遥远的”。故填distant。
2．Before we (abandon) the ship, Mike calmly told us to rescue our essential supplies.
【答案】abandoned
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在我们弃船之前，迈克镇定地告诉我们要抢救必需的物资。空处作从句谓语，结合下文“told”可知，使用一般过去时。故填abandoned。
3．If he can (combination) his natural ability and hard work, he should be very successful.
【答案】combine
【详解】考查动词。句意：如果他能把自己的天赋和努力工作结合起来，他一定会很成功。本句缺少谓语，故此处需要填动词形式，且can后跟动词原形，故填combine。
4．It had been a (please) journey, which made me refreshed.
【答案】pleasant
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一次愉快的旅行，使我精神焕发。此处修饰名词journey，应用形容词pleasant“令人愉快的；舒适的”，作定语。故填pleasant。
5．Despite the dramatic change, she adapted effortlessly to her new (surround).
【答案】surroundings
【详解】考查名词。 句意：尽管变化巨大，她仍毫不费力地适应了新的环境。名词surroundings作宾语。 故填surroundings。
6．He soon made an (adapt) to the new surroundings and observed New Year’s Day together with his classmates.
【答案】adaptation
【详解】考查名词。句意：他很快适应了新环境，并和同学们一起庆祝了新年。根据空前的an可知，此处应填名词单数形式，make an adaptation to，表“适应”，为固定搭配。故填adaptation。
7．It is the first time that I have got an A, which is beyond my head teacher’s (expect).
【答案】expectation
【详解】考查名词。句意：这是我第一次得 A，这超出了我班主任的预料。空白处在句子中作宾语，此处应填名词形式。expect 是动词，意为“期望；预料”，其名词形式是 expectation，“beyond one’s expectation”是固定短语，意为“超出某人的预料”。故填expectation。
8．The school adviser helped me choose the (suit) courses: maths, English, chemistry.
【答案】suitable
【详解】考查形容词。句意：学校顾问帮我选择了合适的课程：数学、英语、化学。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词courses，suit的形容词是suitable，意为“合适的”。故填suitable。
9．While none of this is guaranteed (work), there is no alternative to trying.
【答案】to work
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然这一切都不能保证有效，但除了尝试之外别无选择。从句为guarantee sb to do的被动语态，含义为“保证某人做某事”，设空处应填动词不定式，补充说明主语的情况。故填to work。
10．The meal, (consist) of fresh seafood, local vegetables, and homemade desserts, was a delightful surprise for the guests. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】consisting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这顿饭包括新鲜的海鲜、当地蔬菜和自制甜点，给客人带来了惊喜。句中已有was，空处为非谓语动词，consist of为固定搭配，表示“由……组成”，与逻辑主语The meal之间是主动关系，需用现在分词consisting作后置定语。故填consisting。
11．This year has seen a number of (remark) business stories in China.
【答案】remarkable
【详解】考查形容词。句意：今年，中国发生了许多引人注目的商业故事。空处作定语，修饰名词短语business stories，需用形容词remarkable。故填remarkable。
12．His speech (greet) with a storm of applause.
【答案】was greeted
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：他的讲话赢得了雷鸣般的掌声。主语speech与谓语构成被动关系，发生在过去用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was greeted。
13．A strong earthquake striking the area last week (sweep) away countless houses and people.
【答案】swept
【详解】考查时态。句意：上周，一场强烈的地震袭击了这个地区，摧毁了无数的房屋和人民。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词。根据时间状语last week 可知，用一般过去时。故填swept。
14． (accompany) by their family members, the old tend to live longer and happier.
【答案】Accompanied
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有家人陪伴的老人往往活得更久、更快乐。空处需要非谓语动词作状语，accompany和其逻辑主语the old之间为动宾关系，所以用过去分词作状语。该词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Accompanied。
15．In the past few decades, there has been a (drama) increase in the number of people studying abroad.
【答案】dramatic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在过去的几十年里，出国留学的人数急剧增加。设空处修饰名词increase，应用形容词dramatic“急剧的”，作定语。故填dramatic。
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
（2025·河北秦皇岛·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In October 2024, Jimmy Chiang Chi Bun, the first Chinese conductor to lead the Vienna Boys Choir, brought the ensemble (合唱团) to China to demonstrate the power of music across cultures. Chiang, who has directed the Haydn Choir since 2013, 1 (know) for combining Eastern and Western musical traditions. During their Chinese tour, the choir performed classical Chinese pieces such as “Song of the Yangtze River” and the Yunnan folk song “The Flowing Stream”, 2 left a lasting impression on audiences.
Chiang selected songs that reflect Chinese cultural significance, aiming 3 (show) the beauty of Chinese music to international audiences while honoring the choir’s European heritage. He 4 (begin) his musical journey at the piano at age four, performing on stage by five. Chiang later pursued further studies in Europe and America, studying under several world-renowned music masters, 5 instructors from the German, Russian, and Austrian schools. This diverse background allows him to combine the strictness of Eastern music with the 6 (innovate) of Western styles.
Since his first visit to China with the choir in 2015, Chiang has 7 (consistent) featured Chinese music in 8 (they) performances, including “Jasmine Flower” and “Moonlight”. His goal is to foster (促进) global understanding of Chinese culture through universally 9 (appeal) music.
For Chiang, music is 10 than aural pleasure; it’s a bridge between cultures, fostering dialogue and harmony among people regardless of their origins.
【答案】
1．is known 2．which 3．to show 4．began 5．including 6．innovation 7．consistently 8．their 9．appealing 10．more
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了华裔指挥家蒋智文带领维也纳童声合唱团在中国巡演并促进文化交流的故事。
1．考查动词时态和语态。 句意：自2013年起担任海顿合唱团指挥的蒋智文，以融合东西方音乐传统而闻名。空处为句子的谓语动词，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时；“be known for”为固定搭配，意为“因……闻名”，主语Chiang 为第三人称单数。故填is known。
2．考查定语从句。 句意：在他们的中国巡演中，合唱团表演了《长江之歌》和云南民歌《小河淌水》等中国古典曲目，给观众留下了深刻的印象。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
3．考查非谓语动词。 句意：蒋智文挑选了具有中国文化意义的歌曲，旨在向国际观众展示中国音乐的魅力，同时尊重合唱团的欧洲传统。aim to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事”，所以空处用动词不定式作宾语。故填to show。
4．考查动词时态。 句意：蒋智文四岁开始学钢琴，五岁就登台表演。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语“at age four”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时。故填began。
5．考查介词。 句意：蒋智文后来在欧洲和美国继续深造，师从多位世界著名的音乐大师，包括来自德国、俄罗斯和奥地利学派的导师。including为介词，意为“包括”，后接具体举例内容，符合语境。故填including。
6．考查名词。 句意：这种多元化的背景使他能够将东方音乐的严谨与西方风格的创新相结合。根据空前的“the”和空后的“of”可知，此处应用名词innovation，表示“创新”。故填innovation。
7．考查副词。 句意：自2015年首次随合唱团访问中国以来，蒋智文一直在他们的演出中突出中国音乐，包括《茉莉花》和《月光》。根据空后的动词featured可知，此处应用副词consistently修饰动词，表示“一直”。故填consistently。
8．考查代词。 句意同上。根据空后的名词performances可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词，表示“他们的”。故填their。
9．考查非谓语动词。 句意：他的目标是通过具有普遍吸引力的音乐来促进全球对中国文化的理解。此处应用形容词appealing作定语修饰名词music，表示“有吸引力的”。故填appealing。
10．考查短语。 句意：对蒋智文来说，音乐不仅仅是听觉上的享受；它是文化之间的桥梁，促进了不同背景的人们之间的对话与和谐。 根据空后的than可知，此处应用比较级more。more than表示“不仅仅”。故填more。
（2025·广东·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The National Ballet of China staged a production of Guo Nian, the Chinese version of Tchaikovsky’s The Nutcracker, at the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington between January 29th and February 2nd, with seven shows 1 (celebrate) Chinese New Year.
This adaptation moves the story from its traditional Christmas setting to the Spring Festival, 2 time of family reunions, integrating elements like the 12 animals of the Chinese zodiac. The ballet keeps Tchaikovsky’s 3 (origin) score while weaving in typically Chinese cultural symbols such as paper fans, porcelain, and firecrackers, 4 (complete) absorbing the audience in the atmosphere of the Spring Festival.
Star dancers Fang Mengying, Zhou Yue and Chang Sinuo 5 (take) on leading roles, attracting both locals and visitors alike. Under conductor Zhang Yi, the symphony orchestra provided an attractive musical backdrop, 6 strengthened the narrative (叙述) of love, magic and tradition. Artistic director Feng Ying emphasized the 7 (significant) of these performances as UNESCO put the Spring Festival on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity last year, in recognition of 8 (it) growing global appeal.
These shows not only celebrate Chinese culture 9 promote cross-cultural understanding. Through dance, music, and storytelling, the National Ballet of China has bridged two worlds, offering an insight into the heart of Chinese celebrations and traditions. The success of Guo Nian underlines the increasing international recognition of Chinese cultural traditions, paving (铺) the way for even 10 (great) cultural exchange.
【答案】
1．celebrating 2．a 3．original 4．completely 5．took 6．which 7．significance 8．its 9．but 10．greater
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述中国国家芭蕾舞团在美演出《过年》的情况及意义。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：1月29日至2月2日，中国国家芭蕾舞团在华盛顿肯尼迪艺术中心上演了改编自柴可夫斯基《胡桃夹子》的中国版《过年》，共有七场演出庆祝中国新年。此处是with的复合结构，shows和celebrate之间是逻辑主动关系，celebrate用现在分词形式作宾补。故填celebrating。
2．考查冠词。句意：这一改编将故事从传统的圣诞节背景移至春节，一个家庭团聚的时刻，并融入了中国十二生肖等元素。“time of family reunions”是对“Spring Festival”的解释，泛指“一个……的时刻”，time以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词 a。故填a。
3．考查形容词。句意：芭蕾舞剧保留了柴可夫斯基的原版配乐，同时融入了纸扇、瓷器和鞭炮等典型的中国文化符号，让观众完全沉浸在春节的氛围中。此处修饰名词score，用形容词original作定语，表示“原版的”。故填original。
4．考查副词。句意：芭蕾舞剧保留了柴可夫斯基的原版配乐，同时融入了纸扇、瓷器和鞭炮等典型的中国文化符号，让观众完全沉浸在春节的氛围中。此处修饰动词absorbing，用副词completely作状语，表示“完全地”。故填completely。
5．考查时态。句意：明星舞者方梦颖、周月和常斯诺担任主演，吸引了当地人和游客。空处为句子的谓语动词。此处描述过去发生的事情，谓语动词短语take on用一般过去时。故填took。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在指挥张毅的带领下，交响乐团提供了迷人的音乐背景，强化了爱、魔法和传统的叙事。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为主句“交响乐团提供音乐背景”这一整件事，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
7．考查名词。句意：艺术总监冯英强调了这些演出的重要性，因为联合国教科文组织去年将春节列入了人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录，以表彰其日益增长的全球吸引力。此处作emphasized的宾语，用名词significance，表示“重要性”。故填significance。
8．考查代词。句意：艺术总监冯英强调了这些演出的重要性，因为联合国教科文组织去年将春节列入了人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录，以表彰其日益增长的全球吸引力。此处修饰名词appeal，用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”。故填its。
9．考查连词。句意：这些演出不仅庆祝中国文化，还促进了跨文化理解。not only...but (also)...为固定搭配，表示“不仅……还……”。故填but。
10．考查比较级。句意：《过年》的成功凸显了中国文化传统在国际上日益增长的认可度，为更广泛的文化交流铺平了道路。even修饰比较级，结合语境 “更广泛的文化交流”，所以空处用形容词的比较级greater作定语修饰名词短语cultural exchange。故填greater。
考点三Unit 3 The Art of Painting词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. n. 肖像，半身画像；详细描述 portrait 38. n. 洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟 insight
2. n. 乡村风景画；风景，景色 landscape 39. n. 庄稼，作物；收成，产量 crop
3. v. 闲逛，漫步；走失；走神 wander 40. v. 蜿蜒，迂回，上发条；缠绕 wind
4. n. 展览馆，画廊；长廊，走廊 gallery 41. v. (乘船)航行；起航 n. 帆 sail
5. n. 十年，十年期 decade 42. n. 平民，老百姓，庶民 civilian
6. adv. 主要地，一般地 mostly 43. 各行各业，社会各界 all walks of life
7. n. 池塘，水池 pond 44. n. 肉贩，屠夫 butcher
8. n. 画布，油画；帆布 canvas 45. 忙于做某事，继续做某事 go about sth.
9. n. 街区，城区；邻近的地方 neighbourhood 46. adj. 显而易见，明白易懂，显然 apparent
10. v. 突然想到；撞；打 n. 罢工 strike 47. n. 墨水，墨汁 ink
11. n. 环境，背景；情节背景 setting 48. n. 透视法；态度，观点 perspective
12. adj. 想法相同的，志趣相投的 like-minded 49. adj. 细致的，精细的；准确的 precise
13. n. 解放，摆脱 liberation 50. adj. 宏大的，艰巨的有野心的 ambitious
14. adj. 截然不同的；强烈反对的 opposed 51. adj. 巨大的，庞大的 enormous
15. (表示对比)而，相对于 as opposed to 52. adj. 全而的，详尽的；综合性的 comprehensive
16. v. 在…中有重要特色；支配 dominate 53. n. 衣服，服装 clothing
17. vt. 运用，使用；雇用 employ 54. n. 庙宇，寺院 temple
18. n. (画家的)笔触，画法 brushwork 55. n. 建筑物；结构，构造 structure
19. adj. 逼真的，如生的；现实的 realistic 56. adj. 全面的，综合的 adv. 全部 overall
20. n. 本质，精髓；香精，精油 essence 57. n. 批评家，评论家；批评者 critic
21. adj. 鲜明的，耀眼的；生动的 vivid 58. n. 检查，查看，审视；视察 inspection
22. n. 远见卓识；视力，视野；想象 vision 59. vt. 揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露 expose
23. vt. 陈列，展出 n. 陈列，展览 display 60. adj. 政治的，政府的，政权的 political
24. adj. 值得…的；值得尊敬的 worthy 61. n. 军人，士兵 soldier
25. n. 职业，事业；使命感 calling 62. n. 危机，危急关头；危难时刻 crisis
26. n. 阴影部分；色度；阴谅处 shade 63. n. & v. 衰退，衰落，减少，下降 decline
27. vt. 以(光线)洒满，覆盖 bathe 64. vt. &n. 推翻，打倒 overthrow
28. n. 像素 pixel 65. 由…引起(或造成) be down to
29. vt. 开始，发动 n. 工资，工钱 wage 66. n. 规模；等级；标度；比例 scale
30. n. 活动；战役 v. 发起运动 campaign 67. n. 皇帝 emperor
31. n. 建筑设计，建筑风格 architecture 68. 凭自身的资格(或努力) in one's own right
32. n. 吐司，烤面包片 v. 干杯 toast 69. adj. 优秀的，杰出的；突出的 outstanding
33. n. 蒜，大蒜 garlic 70. n. 展览，展出 exhibition
34. n. 蘑菇 mushroom 71. adj. 稀少的，罕见的；稀罕的 rare
35. v. 整理，布置；安排，筹备 arrange 72. 充分说明，清楚表明 speak volumes about
36. adj. 未经加工的，自然状态的 raw 73. adj. 历史上著名的；有史时期的 historic
37. n. 长卷纸，卷轴 scroll 74. n. 经历，事业；生涯，职业 career
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1．worthy adj.值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的→worth adj.有……价值；值……多少钱
2．oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→opposed adj.截然不同的；强烈反对的
3．employ vt.运用，使用；雇用→employer n．雇主→employee n．雇员→employment n．雇用；就业
4．arrange vt.& vi.整理，布置；安排，筹备→arrangement n．布置；整理；筹备；安排
5．ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的→ambition n．野心，雄心；抱负
6．inspection n．检查，查看；审视，视察→inspect vt.检查；视察；检阅 vi.进行检查；进行视察
7．expose vt.暴露，显露；揭露，揭穿，使遭受；使接触 exposure n．暴露；揭发
8．exhibition n．展览，展出→exhibit v．展览，展出
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1．期望……，盼望…… look forward to
2．被安置在……be housed in
3．使某人为……做好准备 prepare sb.for
4．看到……，看见…… lay eyes on
5．从……中选出……pick...out of...
6．给某人留下印象make/leave an impression on sb.
7．被……打动，迷恋……be struck by
8．(表示对比)而，相对于as opposed to
9．值得；配得上的 be worthy of
10．对……有影响 have an influence on
11．由……组成；由……构成；包括consist of
12．各行各业，社会各界all walks of life
13．着手做某事，继续做某事 go about sth.
14．失控，失去控制lose control of
15．大范围的；各种不同的a wide range of
16．处于……危险之中 in danger of
17．由……引起(或造成)，归因于 be down to
18．凭自身的资格(或努力)in one’s own right
19．充分说明，清楚表明speak volumes about
20．使……被理解get across
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．Thus, artists were not interested in painting (realist) scenes.
【答案】realistic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：因此，艺术家们对绘制现实场景不感兴趣。根据空后的名词scenes可知，空处需用形容词形式修饰其后的名词，realist的形容词形式是realistic，意为“现实的”。故填realistic。
2．It (strike) him that he could deal with the problem in this way.
【答案】struck
【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：他突然想到他可以用这种方法处理这个问题。结合从句中could可知此句子是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，故填struck。
3．The (politics) leader turned out to be a person of integrity and dignity, which was contrary to the rumor.
【答案】political
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这位政治领袖原来是一个正直而有尊严的人，这与谣言相反。由空后leader为名词可知，此处为形容词political“政治的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填political。
4．Dancing allows me to express myself freely, while motorcycle riding provides me with a sense of (liberate).
【答案】liberation
【详解】考查名词。句意：舞蹈让我能够自由地表达自己，而骑摩托车则给我一种解放的感觉。此处为名词作宾语，liberate的名词为liberation表示“解放”或“自由”，且为不可数名词。故填liberation。
5．When (expose) to the difficulties and failures, we must overcome them.
【答案】exposed
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：当面临困难和失败时，我们必须克服它们。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中When引导的时间状语从句完整形式为When we are_____ (expose) to the difficulties and failures，且主语we与expose“暴露，使面临”为被动关系，本空用过去分词，与空前的are构成一般现在时的被动语态，省略we are，保留过去分词。故填exposed。
6．Jack is a very a (ambition) boy and one of his ambitions is to become a great lawyer in the future.
【答案】ambitious
【详解】考查形容词。句意：杰克是个野心勃勃的男孩，他的抱负之一就是将来成为一名伟大的律师。形容词ambitious作定语，修饰名词boy。故填ambitious。
7．The teacher provided a (comprehension) explanation, making sure everyone understood the lesson and was ready for the exam.
【答案】comprehensive
【详解】考查形容词。句意：老师提供了全面的解释，确保每个人都理解了这节课，并为考试做好了准备。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语，修饰后面名词，comprehensive，表“全面的”，符合语境。故填comprehensive。
8．Hongya Cave was (historic) important, for it accommodated the local residents in the past.
【答案】historically
【详解】考查副词。句意：洪崖洞在历史上很重要，因为它过去是当地居民的住所。此处修饰形容词historic，应用副词historically“在历史上”，作状语。故填historically。
9．Your future depends on many things, but (most) on you.
【答案】mostly
【详解】考查副词。句意：你的未来是由很多东西决定的，但大部分取决于你本人。空白处在句子中做状语使用副词，根据上文“Your future depends on many things(你的未来是由很多东西决定的)”以及下文“you(你)”可推理出此处表达的是“大部分地”含义，表示该含义的表达为mostly，故填mostly。
10．After more than three (decade), Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other.
【答案】decades
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：三十多年过去了，吉姆在工作的最后几天里，一切仍和往常一样。空处作After的宾语，根据空前的“more than three”可知，decade“十年”应用复数形式。故填decades。
11．The temporary exhibition gallery has a wide range of art craft (工艺) and local history (exhibition) which changes every month.
【答案】exhibitions
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：临时展览馆有各种各样的工艺品和当地历史展览，每月都会更换。此处表示“展览”，为名词exhibition作宾语，为可数名词，由a wide range of可知，应用复数形式，故填exhibitions。
12．The public has reacted in this way because they felt a great relief that the oppressive and unpopular regime (overthrow).
【答案】had been overthrown
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：公众之所以做出这样的反应，是因为他们感到了极大的宽慰，因为压迫和不受欢迎的政权被推翻了。overthrow在句中作谓语，和主语regime之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据句意，描述的是过去的过去发生的事，用过去完成时。故填had been overthrown。
13．On the (rarely) occasions when they met he hardly even dread speak to her.
【答案】rare
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在他们为数不多的几次见面中，他甚至几乎不敢和她说话。名词occasions前用形容词修饰。根据句意，故填rare。
14．Not only did I oppose the proposal but also my partners were strongly to it. With so much opposition, they had to reject it. (oppose)
【答案】opposed
【详解】考查形容词。句意：不仅我反对这项建议，而且我的合伙人也强烈反对。面对如此多的反对，他们不得不拒绝它。空处使用形容词opposed作表语，be opposed to“反对”，故填opposed。
15．It is one of the most famous (gallery) worldwide.
【答案】galleries
【详解】考查名词。句意：它是世界上最著名的画廊之一。空处构成短语作表语，one of后面接可数名词复数形式。故填galleries。
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
（2025·全国一卷·高考真题）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 1 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
Go is one of 2 earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.
“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope 3 (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘ 4 (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
“The players’ personalities 5 (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 6 (try) to beat the opponent 7 no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ”
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 8 (strategy) placement of the pieces, 9 the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 10 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
【答案】
1．which 2．the 3．to present 4．guidance 5．are revealed 6．tries 7．by 8．strategic/strategical 9．and 10．digitally
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为灵感的艺术展览。
1．56. 考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为Go, or weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
2．考查冠词。句意：围棋是最早的基于二元的棋类游戏之一。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。故填the。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope，此处为非谓语动词，hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式，作宾语。故填to present。
4．考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作follow的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。
5．考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。
6．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的尊重。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语a decent winner为第三人称单数，所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。
7．考查介词。句意同上。“by+具体数值”表示“以（某一差值）”，此处指“以一到两分的优势”，符合语境。故填by。
8．考查形容词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰名词placement，需用形容词strategic或者strategical“战略性的，策略的”，作定语。故填strategic/strategical。
9．64. 考查连词。句意同上。the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, the energy flow following each move三者为并列关系，作并列主语，所以空处需用连词and。故填and。
10．考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰形容词generated，需用副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。故填digitally。
（2025·辽宁·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Maya pyramids (金字塔), often 1 (refer) to as Mayan temples, are among the most representative structures left by the ancient Maya civilization. These architectural wonders, primarily found in present-day Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, and El Salvador, 2 (build) over a period of approximately 2000 years.
One of the 3 (famous) Maya pyramids is the Kukulcán Pyramid located in Chichén Itzá, Mexico. This pyramid stands as a proof to the advanced knowledge of astronomy possessed by the Mayans. The structure has four stairs, each with 91 steps, 4 (reach) 364 steps when combined, plus a top step to make 365 — this represents 5 number of days in a solar year. Maya pyramids typically served 6 ceremonial centers rather than tombs like the Egyptian pyramids. At the top of these pyramids lie temples where ceremonies were conducted. Another noteworthy site is the Pyramid of the Magician, which is famous for its impressive construction techniques and 7 (characteristic). The structure’s design allows a whisper at one end 8 (hear) distinctly at the other, though it is about 180 meters across.
The Maya pyramids are not only 9 (remark) for their size and architectural skills but also for the cultural and historical insights they offer into a civilization in 10 is now Central America and the Yucatán Peninsula.
【答案】
1．referred 2．were built 3．most famous 4．reaching 5．the 6．as 7．characteristics 8．to be heard 9．remarkable 10．what
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了玛雅金字塔的相关信息，包括其地理位置、建造时间、著名代表的特点，以及玛雅金字塔在文化和历史方面的重要性。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：玛雅金字塔（常被称为玛雅神庙）是古代玛雅文明留下的最具代表性的建筑之一。空处为非谓语动词形式；主语The Maya pyramids和动词短语refer to之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填referred。
2．考查谓语动词。句意：这些建筑奇迹主要分布在现今的墨西哥、危地马拉、伯利兹、洪都拉斯和萨尔瓦多，其建造时间跨度约2000年。空处为本句谓语动词；根据“over a period of approximately 2000 years”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为These architectural wonders，复数形式，和动词build之间为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用were。故填were built。
3．考查形容词最高级。句意：最著名的玛雅金字塔之一是位于墨西哥奇琴伊察的库库尔坎金字塔。空处为形容词最高级形式，构成短语：one of the+形容词最高级，意为“最……之一”，符合句意。故填most famous。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：这座金字塔证明了玛雅人拥有先进的天文学知识：其结构有四条阶梯，每条阶梯91级，合计364级，加上顶部的一级共365级——这象征着太阳年的天数。空处为非谓语动词担当结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词形式。故填reaching。
5．考查固定短语。句意：这座金字塔证明了玛雅人拥有先进的天文学知识：其结构有四条阶梯，每条阶梯91级，合计364级，加上顶部的一级共365级——这象征着太阳年的天数。空处为固定短语：the number of，意为“……的数目”，符合句意。故填the。
6．考查固定短语。句意：与埃及金字塔不同，玛雅金字塔通常作为仪式中心而非陵墓使用。空处为固定短语：serve as，意为“担当……”，符合句意。故填as。
7．考查名词的数。句意：另一处值得关注的遗址是魔术师金字塔，其以令人赞叹的建造工艺和独特构造闻名：尽管该建筑跨度约180米，但在一端的低语能在另一端清晰听见。空处为名词形式担当宾语；根据“techniques”可知，空处为名词的复数形式，构成并列的宾语。故填characteristics。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：另一处值得关注的遗址是魔术师金字塔，其以令人赞叹的建造工艺和独特构造闻名：尽管该建筑跨度约180米，但在一端的低语能在另一端清晰听见。空处为非谓语动词形式担当宾语补足语；宾语“a whisper”和动词“hear”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填to be heard。
9．考查形容词。句意：玛雅金字塔不仅以其规模和建筑技艺令人称奇，更因其为今中美洲和尤卡坦半岛文明提供的文化与历史洞察而意义非凡。空处作表语，用形容词形式remarkable“卓越的，非凡的”。故填remarkable。
10．考查宾语从句。句意：玛雅金字塔不仅以其规模和建筑技艺令人称奇，更因其为今中美洲和尤卡坦半岛文明提供的文化与历史洞察而意义非凡。空处为宾语从句的引导词，指物，从句中缺少主语，用what引导。故填what。
考点四Unit 4 Exploring literature词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. adj. 贫瘠的，不毛的；不结果的 barren 47. n. 声明，宣称 v. 宣称，声称 claim
2. adj. 结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的 frozen 48. v. 踩，踏；踩碎，践踏；行走 tread
3. vt. 含有…的意思，暗示 imply 49. n. & vi. 叹气，叹息 sigh
4. n. 方面，侧面；规模，程度 dimension 50. adv. 因此，出此 hence
5. n. & vt. 理解，领会；抓紧，握紧 grasp 51. v. 敢于，胆敢；激某人做某事 dare
6. vt. 发现，查明，侦察出 detect 52. n. 居民，居住者 dweller
7. n. 押韵词 v. 押韵；和…同韵 rhyme 53. adj. 引人注目的；妩媚动人的 striking
8. adj. 复杂的，难懂的 n. 建筑群 complex 54. vt. 是…的特征，以…为典型 characterize
9. adj. 相互矛盾的，对立的 contradictory 55. n. 儒家，儒学，孔子学说 Confucianism
10. 发现，搜集，查明 dig up 56. n. 道教，道家 Taoism
11. n. 线索，提示；迹象 clue 57. n. 传说，传奇故事；传奇人物 legend
12. vt. 把…关在笼中 n. 笼子 cage 58. vt. 偶然碰到，意外地遇见 encounter
13. n. (鸟)啼啭；颤音 v. 发颤音 trill 59. vt. 培养，助长；抚养，滋养 nourish
14. v. 解释，阐释；把…理解为 interpret 60. adj. 众多的，许多的 numerous
15. n. 耐心，忍耐力 patience 61. adj. 荣耀的，光荣的；壮丽的 glorious
16. adv. 到旁边，在旁边；留，存 aside 62. n. 激增，繁荣 vi. 迅速发展 boom
17. 把…放一边；留出 set sth. aside 63. n. 稳定(性)，稳固(性) stability
18. adj. 偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的 remote 64. adj. 宽容的，容忍的；能耐…的 tolerant
19. vt. 奖励，奖赏 n. 奖励，回报 reward 65. n. 自由 liberty
20. adv. 始终，一直 constantly 66. adj. 不受约束的，自由的 unconstrained
21. adj. 符合逻辑的；必然的 logical 67. n. 生命力，活力，热情 vitality
22. adj. 内心的，隐藏的；里面的 inner 68. v. 成为…特征，使有别于 distinguish
23. vt. 注意到，意识到 perceive 69. n. 夸张，夸大 exaggeration
24. n. 现实，实际情况；事实 reality 70. n. 暗喻，隐喻 metaphor
25. n. 薄雾，水汽 mist 71. adj. 典型的 n. 典型人物 representative
26. n. 小说家 novelist 72. n. 霜；霜冻，严寒天气 frost
27. 与某事终止关联，破除 break with sth. 73. v. 投射 n. 全体演员；投，拋 cast
28. n. 理想；典范 adj. 完美的 ideal 74. vt. 欠(情)；欠(债) owe
29. adj. 死板的，僵硬的；固执的 rigid 75. n. 人情债，情义，恩情；借款 debt
30. vt. 经历，经受 undergo 76. vt. &vi. 深深吸引，迷住 fascinate
31. n. 工业化 industrialization 77. vt. 给…命名；使享有权利 entitle
32. vt. 拥护，支持 n. 拥护者 advocate 78. vt. 把…归咎于 n. 责任，责备 blame
33. n. 看法，信念；信仰；相信 belief 79. n. 津贴，补助；限额；零花钱 allowance
34. n. 时代，年代 era 80. 体谅；考虑到，估计到 make allowance for
35. n. 区，行政区；地区，区域 district 81. n. 巨大成功 vi. 打败，战胜 triumph
36. vi. 分叉，岔开；分歧，相异 diverge 82. n. 冒名顶替者，冒名行骗者 impostor
37. v. & n. 拐弯，弯曲；弯道 bend 83. adj. 棘手的；不饶人的 unforgiving
38. adj. 贫瘠的，不毛的；不结果的 barren 84. n. 声明，宣称 v. 宣称，声称 claim
39. adj. 结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的 frozen 85. v. 踩，踏；踩碎，践踏；行走 tread
40. vt. 含有…的意思，暗示 imply 86. n. &vi. 叹气，叹息 sigh
41. n. 方面，侧面；规模，程度 dimension 87. adv. 因此，出此 hence
42. n. & vt. 理解，领会；抓紧，握紧 grasp 88. v. 敢于，胆敢；激某人做某事 dare
43. vt. 发现，查明，侦察出 detect 89. n. 居民，居住者 dweller
44. n. 押韵词 v. 押韵；和…同韵 rhyme 90. adj. 引人注目的；妩媚动人的 striking
45. adj. 复杂的，难懂的 n. 建筑群 complex 91. vt. 是…的特征，以…为典型 characterize
46. adj. 相互矛盾的，对立的 contradictory
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1．imply vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指→implication n．含义；暗示；影响
2．reality n．事实，实际经历；现实；实际情况→real adj.真的→really adv.真正地；实际上
3．patience n．耐心；忍耐力→patient adj.忍耐的；耐心的 n．病人→patiently adv.耐心地
4．constant adj.持续不断的；重复的→constantly adv.不断地；始终，一直
5．logical adj.符合逻辑的；必然的；合乎情理的→logically adv.逻辑上；符合逻辑地
6．distinguish vt.& vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众→distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；高贵的；受尊重的
7．representative adj.典型的，有代表性的 n．典型人物，代表性人物；代表→represent vt.代表；描绘
8．fascinate vt.& vi.深深吸引，迷住→fascinating adj.迷人的，吸引人的
9．entitle vt.给……命名；使享有权利，使符合资格→title n．标题，权利，头衔 v．加标题，定题目
10．allowance n．津贴，补助；限额；零花钱→allow vt.允许；给予；认可
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1．与某事终止关联，破除 break with sth.
2．把……放一边 set...aside
3．发现，搜集，查明 dig up
4．终于，最后 in the end
5．注意；重视；留心；注意到 pay attention to
6．as long as 只要
7．set up 建立；设立
8．set down 写下；放下；记下
9．in reality 实际上
10．in reward for 作为(对……的)报答，回报、奖赏
11．体谅；考虑到，估计到make allowance for
12．让某人熟悉familiarize oneself with
13．根源在于；植根于 be rooted in
14．使……有别于……distinguish...from...
15．被视为……，被认为是……be regarded as
16．be characterized by ……的特点是
17．breathe vitality into 给……注入活力
18．be inseparable from 与……密不可分
19．be representative of 是……的代表，是……的典型
20．be fascinated by 被……迷住；被……深深吸引
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．He explains every problem to his students with great (patient).
【答案】patience
【详解】考查名词。句意：他耐心地向学生解释每一个问题。great为形容词修饰名词，故填名词patience。
2．The problem is worthy of (discuss).
【答案】discussion/being discussed
【详解】考查名词或非谓语动词。句意：这个问题值得讨论。作介词的宾语，用名词discussion；worthy of后也可跟动名词被动形式being done作宾语，填being discussed，故填discussion/being discussed。
3． (wrap) the wound with fabric is the first step and then you should rush the victim to hospital.
【答案】Wrapping
【详解】考查动名词。句意：用布料包扎伤口是第一步，然后你应该赶紧把受害者送到医院。动名词作主语，首字母大写。故填Wrapping。
4．I have great difficulty (cooperate) with the new mechanic who is so stubborn.
【答案】cooperating
【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词。句意：我很难和那个如此固执的新机械师合作。“have difficulty (in) doing sth.”是固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，其中in可以省略，后接动名词形式作宾语。所以此处填cooperate的动名词形式cooperating。故填cooperating。
5．The students, who voiced their opinions at the conference yesterday, are the (represent) of the Student Union.
【答案】representatives
【详解】考查名词。句意：昨天在会上发言的学生是学生会的代表。空处应用名词作表语，represent“代表”为动词，其名词为representative，意为“代表”，结合are可知，表示复数含义，应用其复数形式。故填representatives。
6．Despite lacking modern smart device, the newly (decorate) house looks extremely cozy.
【答案】decorated
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管没有现代化的智能设备，新装修的房子看起来非常舒适。本句已有谓语动词looks，所以decorate用非谓语形式，decorate和house为被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填decorated。
7．The building’s modern style stands in (strike) contrast to the surrounding neighborhood.
【答案】striking
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这座建筑的现代风格与周围社区形成鲜明对比。strike的形容词形式是 “striking”，表示 “显著的；引人注目的”作定语，修饰名词contrast。故填striking。
8．I’m just waiting for a friend. It’s an appointment (make) two decades ago.
【答案】made
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我只是在等一个朋友。这是二十年前定下的约会。make an appointment“约会”。句子已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词，修饰名词appointment，且appointment与make为被动关系，用过去分词形式，作后置定语。故填made。
9．What can we do to prevent these animals from (disappear)
【答案】disappearing/disappearance
【详解】考查非谓语动词或名词。句意：我们能做些什么来防止这些动物消失？prevent sb./sth. from (doing) sth.意为“防止某人/某物（做）某事”，为固定搭配，disappear意为“消失”，为不及物动词，空处可用动名词作宾语，也可用disappear的名词形式disappearance，作宾语，意为“消失”，为不可数名词。故填disappearing/disappearance。
10．When it comes to (rate) restaurants, food taste and service quality are top considerations.
【答案】rating
【详解】考查动名词。句意：在给餐厅打分时，食物的味道和服务质量是最重要的考虑因素。根据 “when it comes to...”的固定用法，其中“to”是介词，后面接动词时要用动词的动名词形式，所以这里应将“rate”（评价；评估）变为“rating”。故填rating。
11． (recycle) paper can save a lot of trees.
【答案】Recycling
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：回收纸张可以节省大量的树木。空处作主语，需用动名词形式recycling，作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Recycling。
12．All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts’ content with a ball (make) of plastic bags.
【答案】made
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在世界各地，你都可以看到孩子们用塑料袋做的球尽情地玩耍。句中已有谓语can see，空处作非谓语动词，make与ball构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填made。
13．The museum, (locate) in the city center, attracts many visitors interested in natural history.
【答案】located
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座博物馆位于市中心，吸引了许多对自然史感兴趣的游客。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词 attracts，所以此处应用非谓语动词形式。locate与museum之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填 located。
14．It is worthwhile (consider) the suggestion put forward at the conference.
【答案】to consider/considering
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：考虑会议上提出的建议是值得的。句中It is worthwhile to do/doing sth为固定短语，意为“做某事是值得的”，此处it为形式主语，不定式或者动名词为真正的主语。故填to consider或considering。
15．Without our phones, we had a proper conversation for over two hours, without (distract) by messages from other people.
【答案】being distracted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在没有手机的情况下，我们进行了两个多小时的正常交谈，没有被其他人的信息分散注意力。空处作without的宾语，应用动名词形式，且distract“使分心，使转移注意力”和逻辑主语we之间是被动关系，因此用distract的动名词的被动式。故填being distracted。
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
（2025·湖北襄阳·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Poet Su Shi
Su Shi, (1037-1101) one of the most popular classical Chinese poets, came from a literary family: his father and brother were both great poets in their own rights. At the age of 19, Su Shi passed the civil service examination, 1 was a gateway to a political career. Then he took on 2 (variety) governmental positions, including 3 (serve) as the magistrate of Mizhou and the governor of Xuzhou. However, because of his opposition to radical reform measures, he was repeatedly demoted.
Su Shi’s first remote trip of exile was to Huangzhou, Hubei Province, where he often wandered along the rivers and in the mountains. 4 was here that he wrote many of his best poems, such as Reflections on the Ancient Red Cliff-To the Tune of Nian Nu Jiao (《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》). In this poem, he expressed his 5 (admire) for some heroic figures, and described his aspirations and sorrows. The poem 6 (remain) so popular that nearly every Chinese student can recite it: The Great River flows, eastward waves sweeping away, for thousands of years, heroic figures...
7 his hard life, Su Shi’s works show a spirit of confidence and optimism. His poems make people feel 8 (encourage), reminding them that even during the hardest of times, there is always room for hope. Even today, Su Shi’s poems still have 9 enormous influence on Chinese people. They can always 10 (hear) in classrooms all over China, and seen quoted in the works of many Chinese scholars.
【答案】
1．which 2．various 3．serving 4．It 5．admiration 6．remains 7．Despite 8．encouraged

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