2026年高考英语第一轮复习(全国通用)第05讲选修二词汇(词性转换,短语词组固定搭配,词汇综合检测)(讲义)(学生版+教师版)

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2026年高考英语第一轮复习(全国通用)第05讲选修二词汇(词性转换,短语词组固定搭配,词汇综合检测)(讲义)(学生版+教师版)

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第05讲 选修二词汇
目录
01 考情解码·命题预警 2
02 体系构建·思维可视 3
03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 4
考点一 Unit 1 The Mass Media 4
知识点1 读单词、识词义 4
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 6
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 7
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 7
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 8
考点二 Unit 2 Sports Culture 13
知识点1 读单词、识词义 13
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 14
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 15
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 16
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 18
考点三 Unit 3 Fit for Life 21
知识点1 读单词、识词义 21
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 21
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 23
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 24
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 26
考点四 Unit 4 Living with Technology 30
知识点1 读单词、识词义 31
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 31
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 32
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 32
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 35
教材词汇 课标词汇 2025:spare , count on; fire (熟词生义);company; permission;uncomfortable;cut; 2024:confirm;guidance(派生词);digital; professionally(派生词) 2023:rental,erase,statistician,bimonthly; fiberglass, ecosystem,checkpoint; mind(n.-v.); leaf(n.-v.); tear(n.-v.); average(n.-v.); touch(v.-n.); 新高考词汇难度增大。2025年新高考I卷为例,不包含听力部分和问题部分,总词数便达2600词。其中包括很多派生词。新高考II卷包含听力部分试卷总词数达2904词。读后续写部分要求读写结合,需要更多的词汇积累和输出。这个数词基本与2024年持平,但对于词汇的活用有增无减。在备考中,应当注重掌握课标,扩充课外阅读量。 稳中有升增加对熟词生义的考查。 适度考查一些学生不常接触的高考词汇。 加大了对构词法的考查力度。 全面考查词汇在语境中灵活运用的能力,如情境意识、同义转换和概要思维能力。
复习目标:以新课标词汇为依据,新教材单词表为蓝本,以近三年新高考真题为导向,在一轮词汇复习中夯实词汇基础,并反复积累,运用构词法扩大词汇量并在大量的语篇阅读中迁移词汇运用能力,大胆猜测熟词的生义并积累地道的搭配和习惯用语。
考点一Unit 1 The mass media词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. adj. 批评的,批判性的,关键的;危急的 critical 45. vi. 逐步增加 vt. 攀登,爬上 n.山 mount
2. vt. 使落入险境;卡住,绊住 n. 陷阱,罗网;圈套;困境,牢笼 trap 46. 尺寸和数量上)增加,上升 mount up
3. vt. 发布;释放;松开;发泄 n. 释放;发行;排放,泄漏 release 47. n. 提高;提升;海拔 elevation
4. n. 救护车 ambulance 48. n. 行业,职业;同行;宣称,声明 profession
5. vi.&vt. 延伸(距离);扩大;延长;伸展 extend 49. n. 戏剧;戏剧性事件 drama
6. n. 建筑,建造;建造物 construction 50. n. 奖学金;学术 scholarship
7. n. 许多;(一)打;十来个 dozen 51. n. 类别,种类 category
8. 很多,许多 dozens of 52. adv. 尽管如此 nevertheless
9. adj. 轻微的,次要的 minor 53. vt. &vi. 是发生…的时间(或地点),见证;目击;作证;是…的迹象 n.目击者,见证人;证人 witness
10. n. 洗澡,洗浴;浴缸,浴盆 bath 54. n. 版本;一份,一期;版次 edition
11. vi. & vt. 尖叫;高声喊;发出大而尖的声音 n. 尖叫,尖锐刺耳的声音 scream 55. n. 平台;站台,月台;讲台,舞台 platform
12. vi. & vt.(狗)吠叫;厉声发令n.(狗)吠声;短促响亮的人声;树皮 bark 56. 迅速出现,突然兴起 spring up
13. vt. & vi.(使)窒息;(使)哽咽,(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来 choke 57. n. 互动;互相作用 interaction
14. n. 香烟 cigarette 58. n.(统称)会员,会员人数;会员资格 membership
15. n. 地毯;覆盖地面的一层厚东西 carpet 59. n. 图表;海图;(the charts)排行榜 chart
16. adj. 自动的,无意识的,不假思索的 automatic 60. n. 广播节目,电视节目 vi.&vt. (broadcast,broadcast)播送,广播;散布,传播 broadcast
17. vt.&vi. 侦查,调查;研究 investigate 61. n. 广告活动,广告业 advertising
18. 发生 come about 62. n. 说服,劝说;信仰 persuasion
19. n. 新闻记者,新闻工作者 journalist 63. vt. 说服;使信服 persuade
20. n. 优先事项,首要事情;优先权,重点 priority 64. n. (informal ad)广告,启事;广告活动,广告宣传 advertisement
21. vt. 相矛盾,相反;反驳,驳斥 contradict 65. n.途径,渠道;电视台;频道;方法;水渠 channel
22. adj. 事实的,真实的 factual 66. adj. 高峰时期的,最高度的 n. 顶峰,高峰;山峰;尖端 vi. 达到高峰,达到最高值 peak
23. n. 例子,事例 instance 67. vi. & vt. 做广告,登广告;公布,征聘;展现,宣传 advertise
24. 例如,比如 for instance 68. vt. 使增长,使兴旺 n. 增长,提高;帮助,激励 boost
25. vi. 相异;意见相左 differ 69. n. 心理,心理特征;心理学 psychology
26. n. 结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成 conclusion 70. vt. 买,购买 n.购买,采购;购买的东西,购买项目 purchase
27. adj. 错误的,不真实的,非天生的;假的,伪造的;不忠诚的 false 71. adj. 难忘的,值得纪念的 memorable
28. 揭露,披露 bring sth to light 72. n. 标语,口号 slogan
29. n. 最小值,最少量 adj.最低的,最小的 minimum 73. n. 茶壶 teapot
30. n. 最大量,最大限度 adj.最高的,最多的 maximum 74. 被传达,被理解,把…讲清楚 get across
31. vt. 总结,概括 n. 金额,款项;总和,总数;全部 sum 75. n. 品牌;类型;烙印 brand
32. 总结,概括 sum up 76. n.大使,代表 ambassador
33. adj. 正确无误的;精确的 accurate 77. n. 放置;安置 placement
34. adj. 尽心尽力的;承诺过的 committed 78. n. 收视率;等级,级别 rating
35. 致力于 be committed to 79. vt. 赞助;主办;为慈善活动捐款;资助 n. 赞助商;为慈善活动捐款的人 sponsor
36. n. 辨别力,识别力;歧视,区别对待 discrimination 80. vt. 理解,掌握;吸收;吸引全部注意力 absorb
37. n. 好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品 curiosity 81. n. 折扣 vt. 打折出售 discount
38. n. 新闻业,新闻工作 journalism 82. vt. 专门制作,定做 n. 裁缝 tailor
39. n. 献身,投入;承诺,许诺;花费 commitment 83. (使)增添乐趣,(使)明亮 brighten up
40. n. 公民;市民,居民 citizen 84. n. 住房,住宅 housing
41. vt. 创建,创办;建立,兴建 found 85. n. 住宅区;(通常指农村的)大片私有土地;个人财产,(尤指)遗产 estate
42. n. 政治,政治事务;(个人的)政治观点,政见 politics 86. 住宅区,住宅群 housing estate
43. vt. 谴责,控诉 accuse 87. vt.(提供)消遣;逗笑 amuse
44. n. 税,税款 vt. 对…征税,使纳税 tax
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1.critical adj.批评的,批判性的;关键的;危急的→critic n.批评家;评论家;评论员→critically adv.批判性地
2.construction n.建筑,建造;建造物→construct vt.建设;修建
3.bath n.洗澡,洗浴;浴缸,浴盆→bathe vi.洗澡;游泳
4.automatic adj.自动的;无意识的,不假思索的→automatically adv.无意识地;自动地
5.investigate vt.& vi.侦查,调查;研究→investigation n.调查;研究
6.journalist n.新闻记者,新闻工作者→journalism n.新闻业,新闻工作
7.factual adj.事实的,真实的→factually adv.真实地
8.differ vi.相异;意见相左→different adj.不同的→differently adv.不同地→difference n.不同之处
9.conclusion n.结论,推论;结束,结果;签订;达成→conclude vt.& vi.结束;推断出
10.accurate adj.正确无误的;精确的→accurately adv.精确地;准确地→accuracy n.准确(性);精确(程度)
11.committed adj.尽心尽力的→commitment n.承诺,许诺;献身,投入;花费
12.contradict vt.相矛盾,相反;反驳,驳斥→contradiction n.不一致,矛盾→contradictory adj.相互矛盾的;对立的
13.curiosity n.好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品→curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地
14.profession n.行业,职业;同行;宣称,声明→professional adj.专业的;职业的n.专业人员
15.interaction n.互动;互相作用→interact vi.交流;沟通;合作;相互影响;相互作用
16.membership n.(统称)会员,会员人数;会员资格→member n.成员,会员
17.advertising n.广告活动,广告业→advertisement n.广告,启事;广告活动,广告宣传→advertise vt.& vi.做广告,登广告;公布,征聘;展现,宣传→advertiser n.广告商
18.persuasion n.说服,劝说;信仰→persuade vt.说服;使信服
19.psychology n.心理,心理特征;心理学→psychological adj.心理的;精神上的;心理学的→psychologically adv.心理上地;心理学地
20.memorable adj.难忘的,值得纪念的→memory n.记忆,记忆力;内存→memorize vt.记忆;记住
21.amuse vt.(提供)消遣;逗笑→amusing adj.好笑的;有乐趣的→amused adj.逗乐的;觉得好笑的→amusement n.愉悦;娱乐
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1.很多,许多dozens of
2.发生come about
3.例如,比如for instance
4.揭露,披露bring sth.to light
5.总结,概括sum up
6.be committed to致力于
7.mount up(尺寸和数量上)增加,上升
8.break out爆发
9.rely on依靠;依赖
10.take...for example以……为例
11.迅速出现,突然兴起spring up
12.被传达,被理解,把……讲清楚get across
13.(使)增添乐趣;使更艳丽brighten up
14.住宅区,住宅群housing estate
15.换句话说in other words
16.hand in hand手牵手;密切关联
17.have an effect on对……有影响
18.be likely to do sth.可能做某事
19.make a difference有影响,起作用
20.in addition to此外
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Blessed with peaceful landscape and distinctive traditions, Ireland (witness) millions of visitors coming to appreciate the breathtaking scenery here every year.
2. (absorb) in her book, she was unaware of things happening around.
3.Another aspect worthy mention is that journalists may approach information they get from research or interviews differently.
4.To satisfy my (curious), I opened my father’s drawer the other day.
5.Robert, (accuse) of theft in a supermarket, might face the result of being arrested and put into prison.
6.Exposed to so many (advertise), we can’t help being persuaded into buying something we don’t really need.
7.No money can be spent on the (construct) and operation of the shopping mall.
8.I jumped with joy the moment I (receive) my driver’s license.
9.I find necessary to do everything we can to protect the environment.
10.At the end of the class, the students drew a (conclude) that experience as well as interest is the best teacher.
11.Living in the same village together with dozens your relatives proved to be great.
12.The less advertisements you see, the less you’ll be persuaded (purchase) things you don’t need.
13.As a talented and (commit) scientist, Huang Danian devoted himself to his research into geophysics.
14.Students are encouraged to develop (criticize) thinking instead of accepting opinions without questioning them.
15.Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face (interact) and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
1.witnesses
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:爱尔兰拥有宁静的风景和独特的传统,每年都有数百万游客来这里欣赏令人惊叹的风景。结合句意及every year可知,句子使用一般现在时,主语Ireland表示单数意义,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式,故填witnesses。
2.Absorbed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她全神贯注地看书,没有注意到周围发生的事情。句子主干成分完整,空处为非谓语,absorb“吸引(某人),使专心”和she逻辑上是被动关系,be absorbed in意为“全神贯注于”,应用absorb的过去分词形式,作原因状语,且句首单词首字母应大写。故填Absorbed。
3.of
【详解】考查介词。句意:另一个值得一提的方面是,记者可能会以不同的方式处理他们从研究或采访中获得的信息。(be) worthy of是固定短语,意为“值得”,因此空格处用介词of,故填of。
4.curiosity
【详解】考查名词。句意:为了满足我的好奇心,有一天我打开了父亲的抽屉。此处使用名词作宾语,需要的词义为“好奇心”,即curiosity,为不可数名词,故填curiosity。
5.accused
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:罗伯特被控在超市偷窃,他可能面临被捕入狱的结果。accuse和逻辑主语Robert之间是被动关系,此处应用过去分词作状语,故填accused。
6.advertisements
【详解】考查名词。句意:面临这么多广告,我们就忍不住被说服去买一些我们其实并不需要的东西。空处需填名词advertisement,作宾语,many修饰可数名词复数形式。故填advertisements。
7.construction
【详解】考查名词。句意:没有钱可以花在购物中心的建设和运营上。分析句子可知,此空应填名词作宾语,construction表“建设”,为不可数名词,符合句意。故填construction。
8.received
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:我一拿到驾照就高兴得跳了起来。空处为时间状语从句的谓语动词,由空前I jumped with joy可知动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。故填received。
9.it
【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意:我觉得有必要尽一切努力保护环境。分析句子结构可知,本空填形式宾语it,真正的宾语为空后的动词不定式。故填it。
10.conclusion
【详解】考查名词。句意:最后,学生们得出结论:经验和兴趣是最好的老师。作宾语,应用名词conclusion,不定冠词提示用单数。故填conclusion。
11.of
【详解】考查介词。句意:事实证明,和你的几十个亲戚住在同一个村子里很棒的。dozens of固定搭配,意为“许多;几十个”,故填of。
12.to purchase
【详解】考查不定式。句意:你看到的广告越少,你就越不会被说服去购买你不需要的东西。persuade sb. to do sth.意为“劝说/说服某人做某事”,为固定用法,此处考查其被动形式sb. be persuaded to do sth.,此时不定式作主语补足语。故填to purchase。
13.committed
【详解】考查形容词。句意:作为一位有才华、尽心尽力的科学家,黄大年致力于地球物理学的研究。空前的and连接两个并列成分,由talented 可知,空处应填形容词committed,表示“尽心尽力的,坚定的”,作定语。故填committed。
14.critical
【详解】考查形容词。句意:鼓励学生培养批判性思维,而不是不加质疑地接受观点。修饰后文名词thinking应用形容词critical,作定语。故填critical。
15.interactions
【详解】考查名词。句意:事实上,研究人员发现,面对面的互动和对话会影响创作过程,然而,共同工作空间或咖啡店在提供一定程度的噪音的同时,也提供了免受干扰的自由。分析句子结构可知,空前是形容词,所以空处应填名词,interact的名词形式是interaction意为“互动”,为可数名词,根据后文的conversations可知,用复数形式。故填interactions。
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
(2025·吉林长春·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Argentine Federico Demarco, a postgraduate student studying in China, is traveling even further along the path of understanding dialects (方言) in Shanghai. The first Argentine 1 (pass) HSK 6, the Chinese-language fluency test’s highest level, Demarco is researching a dialect spoken in Shanghai’s Jinshan district.
Marrying a woman from Shanghai, Demarco became fluent in the main Shanghai dialect while living abroad with his wife. When he relocated to Shanghai in 2018, he 2 (drive) to explore variants beyond the city’s center by his 3 (curious) about Chinese dialects, making him uncover the lesser-known dialect spoken in Jinshan located an hour away from downtown Shanghai. 4 (partner) Jinshan resident Feng Xuanxin, Demarco began documenting the dialect’s nuances (细微差别) through field research in rural villages 5 systematically made recordings and notes of pronunciations of words and cultural traditions. The pair took long car trips to and from Jinshan on 6 incredibly frequent basis.
With his 7 (type) South American looks, locals are always surprised when Demareo speaks near-perfect Jinshan dialect. He also posts videos on a social media platform, which 8 (attract) hundreds of thousands of views so far, explaining different aspects of the dialect, Now, he’s planning to turn their research on the language during the past four years 9 a book on the Jinshan dialect. “We want to preserve the dialect 10 local knowledge disappears,” Demarco said.
【答案】
1.to pass 2.was driven 3.curiosity 4.Partnering 5.and 6.an 7.typical 8.have attracted 9.into 10.before
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是阿根廷留学生费德里科·德马科在中国研究上海金山方言的经历,以及他为保护这一方言所做出的努力和贡献。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:德马尔科是首位通过汉语水平考试最高级别HSK 6级的阿根廷人,他正在研究上海金山区的一种方言。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词Argentine,当名词前有序数词the first修饰时,用动词不定式to pass作后置定语。故填to pass。
2.考查动词语态。句意:2018年他搬到上海后,对中国方言的好奇驱使他去探索上海中心城区以外的方言变体,这让他发现了距离上海市中心一小时车程的金山地区鲜为人知的方言。此处为谓语动词,根据时间状语从句“When he relocated to Shanghai in 2018”可知,此处描述过去发生的动作,用一般过去时,drive与主语he之间为动宾关系,所以此处使用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为第三人称单数,所以谓语动词为was driven。故填was driven。
3.考查名词。句意:同上。根据空前的his可知,此处用curious的名词curiosity作宾语,意为“好奇”且为不可数名词。故填curiosity。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:与金山居民冯宣新合作后,德马尔科开始通过在乡村的实地研究记录该方言的细微差别,系统地对词汇发音和文化传统进行录音和记录。此处为非谓语动词作状语,Demarco与partner(合作)为主动关系,用现在分词形式partnering,意为“与……合作”,句首单词首字母大写。故填Partnering。
5.考查连词。句意:同上。此处连接began和made两个并列谓语动作,用连词and。故填and。
6.考查冠词。句意:这对搭档以极其频繁的频率往返金山,进行长途汽车旅行。此处为固定搭配on a… basis,意为“以……为基础”,所以此处使用不定冠词,incredibly以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an。故填an。
7.考查形容词。句意:凭借他典型的南美长相,当德马尔科说出近乎完美的金山方言时,当地人总是感到惊讶。此处修饰名词looks,用type的形容词typical,意为“典型的”。故填typical。
8.考查动词时态。句意:他还在一个社交媒体平台上发布视频,到目前为止已经吸引了数十万次观看,解释了方言的不同方面。此处为定语从句的谓语动词,根据时间状语so far可知,此处用现在完成时,主语which(指代先行词videos)表复数,所以用have attracted。故填have attracted。
9.考查介词。句意:现在,他正计划将过去四年对该语言的研究转化为一本关于金山方言的书。此处为固定搭配turn...into...,意为“把……转化为……,使……变为……”,用介词into。故填into。
10.考查时间状语从句。句意:“我们想在地方知识消失之前保护这种方言,”德马尔科说。此处为连词引导状语从句,结合句意,此处表示“在……之前”,用连词before。故填before。
(2025·浙江·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Trends come and go as time flies. You may know what’s trendy now, but what about the 1 (fashion) costumes or makeup of the ancient times You may get some clues from the videos produced by Zhu Ruoxuan, who 2 (name) one of the top 100 content creators in January by Bilibili, 3 leading video-sharing platform in China.
4 (Bear) in 1998, Zhu began sharing her life through videos on Bilibili in 2019, initially focusing on videos that showed popular makeup from the ancient China to modern times. It wasn’t until 2021 5 she gained widespread recognition thanks to a video depicting the evolution of the ordinary Chinese women’s 6 (appear) and mindset from the 1920s to the 2020s.
In the video, she imitated the facial expressions of women from different time periods, capturing their uncertainty in the 1920s, their helplessness 7 (arise) from the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931–45), and their confidence 8 female workers in the 1950s after the founding of the People’s Republic of China.
Despite a lack of formal acting training, Zhu studied women in old photos and movies 9 (imitate) their expressions, striving for accuracy. Over time, Zhu’s videos has shifted to an even 10 (great) focus on women, exploring other changes in women’s images from the past to the present. “I think it’s a necessary growth both for myself and my creation,” she said.
【答案】
1.fashionable 2.was named 3.a 4.Born 5.that 6.appearance 7.arising 8.as 9.to imitate 10.greater
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了哔哩哔哩视频创作者朱若萱(Zhu Ruoxuan)通过制作古今妆容演变、女性形象变迁的视频走红的经历。
1.考查形容词。句意:你可能知道现在的流行趋势,但古代的时尚服饰或妆容呢?空处修饰名词costumes,应用形容词形式,fashionable意为“时尚的”。故填fashionable。
2.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:你或许能从朱若萱制作的视频中找到一些线索——她在今年1月被哔哩哔哩(中国领先的视频分享平台)评为“百大up主”之一。根据时间状语in January可知,句子描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,name和主语who之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语who指代先行词Zhu Ruoxuan,为单数,be动词应用was。故填was named。
3.考查冠词。句意:你或许能从朱若萱制作的视频中找到一些线索——她在今年1月被哔哩哔哩(中国领先的视频分享平台)评为“百大up主”之一。platform为可数名词单数形式,此处表泛指,应用不定冠词修饰,leading是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,应用不定冠词a。故填a。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:1998年出生的朱若萱于2019年开始在哔哩哔哩通过视频分享生活,最初专注于展示从中国古代到现代的流行妆容。句中已有谓语动词began,空处为非谓语动词,bear和Zhu之间为逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,作状语,句首单词首字母大写。故填Born。
5.考查强调句。句意:直到2021年,她才因一则描绘20世纪20年代至21世纪20年代中国普通女性外貌与心态演变的视频广受认可。此处为强调句型:it is/was not until+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分,此处被强调部分为时间状语not until 2021,应用that。故填that。
6.考查名词。句意:直到2021年,她才因一则描绘20世纪20年代至21世纪20年代中国普通女性外貌与心态演变的视频广受认可。空处和mindset并列,应用名词形式,appearance意为“外貌”,为不可数名词。故填appearance。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意:在视频中,她模仿了不同时期女性的面部表情:捕捉了20世纪20年代女性的迷茫、抗日战争(1931-1945)时期女性因战争产生的无奈,以及20世纪50年代新中国成立后作为女工的自信。句中已有谓语动词imitated,空处为非谓语动词,arise和逻辑主语helplessness之间为主谓关系,应用现在分词,作后置定语。故填arising。
8.考查介词。句意:在视频中,她模仿了不同时期女性的面部表情:捕捉了20世纪20年代女性的迷茫、抗日战争(1931-1945)时期女性因战争产生的无奈,以及20世纪50年代新中国成立后作为女工的自信。表示“作为”应用介词as。故填as。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管缺乏正式的表演训练,朱若萱通过研究老照片和电影来模仿她们的表情,力求精准。句中已有谓语动词studied,空处为非谓语动词,此处表示目的,应用动词不定式,作目的状语。故填to imitate。
10.考查形容词比较级。句意:随着时间的推移,朱若萱的视频甚至更聚焦于女性议题,探索古今女性形象的其他变迁。空处修饰名词focus,应用形容词形式,even修饰形容词比较级,greater意为“更大的”。故填greater。
考点二 Unit 2 Sports Culture词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. n. 团结,齐心协力 solidarity 42. vt. &vi. 倒,斟;倾倒,倒出;涌流,倾泻;下大雨 pour
2. abbr. 公元前 BCE 43. 欢天喜地,得意扬扬 walk on air
3. vi. 参加,参与 participate 44. 正确客观地看待 keep sth in perspective
4. vi. 参加比赛;竞争 compete 45. n. 名人;名望 celebrity
5. adj. 种族的;种族间的 racial 46. n. 对手,竞争者;反对者 opponent
6. adj. 多种多样的,不同的 diverse 47. n. 谦逊,谦虚 humility
7. adj. 联合的,共同的 n. 关节;接合处 joint 48. n. 高雅,文雅;优美,风度,体面 grace
8. vt. 激励,激发;成为…的动机,是…的原因 motivate 49. n. 尊严;自尊;高贵 dignity
9. n. (pl. mottoes, mottos) 格言,座右铭 motto 50. n. 大雪橇(供两人或两人以上比赛用) bobsleigh
10. n. 边界,分界线 boundary 51. adj. 无私的,忘我的 unselfish
11. vt. 表现,表露;证实,证明;示范,演示 vi.游行示威 demonstrate 52. n. 习语,成语 idiom
12. adv. 以后,后来 afterwards 53. 偶然来到,无意中处于 find one's way into
13. vi. 接着做,继而做;继续从事(或进行);行进,前往 proceed 54. n. 联赛;等级,级别 league
14. n. 火焰,火舌 flame 55. adj. 对抗的;相反的 opposing
15. vt. & vi. 称赞,赞许;鼓掌 applaud 56. 球网;网,网状物 net
16. 田径运动 track and field 57. 改变条件(或规则) move the goalposts
17. adj. 一致的,始终如一的;连续的 consistent 58. n. 保险业;保险;保险费 insurance
18. 正式邀请某人做某事;请求某人做某事 call on sb to do sth 59. n. 售货员,推销员 salesman
19. n.(统称)人,人类;人性;人道,仁慈 humanity 60. vi. & vt. 抱怨,投诉 complain
20. vi. & vt. 属于某等级,把…分等级;排列,使排成行 n. 地位,级别;等级;排,列;军衔 rank 61. 进乌龙球;无意中做对自己不利的事 score an own goal
21. n. 趋势,趋向 trend 62. adv. 无意地,非故意地 unintentionally
22. n. (hurdles)跨栏赛;栏架;障碍 hurdle 63. n. 政务委员会,地方议会;市政服务机构;委员会 council
23. n. 选举,推选;当选 election 64. n. 产生事与愿违的不良(或危险)后果 backfire
24. n.(重要事件、人物等的)到来,出现 advent 65. n.棒球场;变动范围 ballpark
25. n. 信心;宗教信仰 faith 66. 差不多 in the ballpark
26. n. 追求的目标,夙愿;野心,雄心,壮志 ambition 67. 大致的估计 a ballpark estimate
27. vi. & vt. 上升,升高,登高 ascend 68. n. 活动场地 venue
28. adj. 完全同样的 identical 69. n. 曲线球 curveball
29. adj. 同伴的,同情况的,同类的 n. 同辈,同类;男人,家伙 fellow 70. 给某人出难题 throw sb a curveball
30. n. 接力赛 vt. 转发(信息、消息等);播放,转播 relay 71. vt.处理,应付;控制,操纵 n. 把手,拉手;柄 handle
31. n. 胸部;大箱子 chest 72. 三振出局 three strikes and you are out
32. n. 面颊,脸颊 cheek 73. n. 拳,拳头 fist
33. n. 半程马拉松赛跑 half-marathon 74. n. 腰,腰部;(衣服的)腰部 waist
34. n. 业余运动员,业余爱好者;生手,外行 adj. 业余的 amateur 75. 不公正的,伤人的 below the belt
35. n. 踝,踝关节 ankle 76. adj. 刻毒伤人的;残酷的 cruel
36. adv. 逐渐地,逐步地 gradually 77. n. 谈论,言论vi. & vt. 说起,评论 remark
37. n. 一段时间,一场;会议,开庭;学年 session 78. n. 毛巾,抹布,纸巾 towel
38. n. 限度,限制;极限,限量;界限 vt. 限制,限定;限量,减量 limit 79. 认输,承认失败 throw in the towel
39. n. 马拉松赛跑;马拉松式的活动(或工作) marathon 80. adv. 真正地,确实地;按字面,字面上 literally
40. n.(委员会的)委员长,主席;(会议的)主席,主持人 chairman 81. n. 铁;熨斗 iron
41. n. 体质,身体素质;宪法,章程 constitution
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1.participate vi.参与,参加→participation n.参加,参与→participant n.参与者
2.compete vi.参加比赛;竞争→competition n.竞争;比赛→competitive adj.竞争的;有竞争性的→competitor n.竞争者
3.racial adj.种族的;种族间的→race n.种族;比赛
4.diverse adj.多种多样的;不同的→diversity n.多样性;多种多样
5.motivate vt.激励,激发;成为……的动机,是……的原因→motivation n.动机
6.demonstrate vt.表现,表露;证实,证明;示范,演示 vi.游行示威→demonstration n.表现,表达;证实,证明;示范,演示;游行示威
7.applaud vt.& vi.称赞,赞许;鼓掌→applause n.鼓掌
8.election n.选举,推选;当选→elect vt.选择;选举某人
9.faith n.信任;信心;信念;宗教信仰→ faithful adj.忠实的;守信的→faithfully adv.忠实地
10.ambition n.追求的目标,夙愿;雄心,野心,壮志→ambitious adj.有雄心的,有野心的
11.gradually adv.逐渐地,逐步地→gradual adj.逐渐的,逐步的
12.limit n.限度,限制;限额,限量;界限 vt.限制,限定;限量,减量→limited adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限的 →limitation n.范围;限制
13.opponent n.对手,竞争者;反对者→opposing adj.对抗的;相反的→opposed adj.强烈反对的;截然不同的
14.unselfish adj.无私的,忘我的→selfish adj.自私的 →selfless adj.无私的→selfishness n.自私自利→selflessness n.无私,忘我
15.complain vi.& vt.抱怨,投诉→complaint n.不满;抱怨;埋怨;投诉
16.unintentionally adv.无意地,非故意地→intention n.打算;计划;意图;目的→intentional adj.故意的;有意的;存心的→intentionally adv.故意地,有意地
17.cruel adj.刻毒伤人的,残酷的→cruelty n.残忍;残酷→cruelly adv.残酷地;残忍地
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1.田径运动track and field
2.正式邀请某人做某事;请求某人做某事call on sb. to do sth.
3.every four years每四年
4.die out灭绝,消失
5.participate in参加
6.give birth to生;产生;生孩子
7.be identical to与……相同
8.reflect on 思考;反省
9.pick up捡起;获得;收拾;(汽车;飞机)乘载;不费力地学会
10.raise money筹钱
11.欢天喜地,得意扬扬walk on air
12.正确客观地看待keep sth.in perspective
13.偶然来到,无意中处于find one’s way into
14.改变条件(或规则)move the goalposts
15.进乌龙球;无意中做让自己吃亏的事score an own goal
16.差不多,大致相近的估计in the ballpark/a ballpark estimate
17.给某人出难题throw sb.a curveball
18.三振出局three strikes and you are out
19.不公正的,伤人的 below the belt
20.认输,承认失败throw in the towel
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.He kept regular exercise and his health was improved (gradual).
2.Through the “Stories of China Retold in English” activity, more young Chinese will (motivate) to boost their cultural confidence.
3.Data showed that Shanghai was home to 7,857 cafes as of June 30, (rank) first among cities in China.
4.They are anxious (demonstrate) to the voters that they have practical policies.
5.We (complain) bitterly about the food when the teacher came and brought pizza and roast chicken.
6.Known as Tianshui Malatang, which (literal) means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large portion of skewered meat, vegetables, and hand-made potato noodles in a pot of boiling broth (肉汤).
7.Mr. Brown won by a greater majority in this (elect) than in the last.
8.They couldn’t give a (consist) explanation.
9.To any neighboring countries, border issues, unless (handle) properly, will directly affect the relationship between them and even lead to conflicts.
10.China is one of the world’s most biologically (diversity) countries.
11.Her (ambitious) is to become an artist after graduation.
12.Many a successful person has faced many fears, made many mistakes, and intended to throw the towel countless times.
13.Although the result of this exam is not as good as you expected, you can’t lose faith yourself.
14.There is a need to adapt to new technology if we want to be (compete) in today's world.
15.He is said (possess) a fortune of more than two and a half thousand million dollars.
1.gradually
【详解】考查副词。句意:他经常锻炼身体,健康状况逐渐好转。修饰谓语动词was improved,应用副词,故填gradually。
2.be motivated
【详解】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意:通过“用英语讲中国故事”活动,将激励更多的中国年轻人增强他们的文化自信。动词motivate意为“激励”,和主语构成被动关系。根据will可知,此处应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填be motivated。
3.ranking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:数据显示,截至6月30日,上海拥有7857家咖啡馆,在中国城市中排名第一。该句谓语动词为was,所以此处为非谓语动词作状语,rank和逻辑主语Shanghai为主动关系,所以为现在分词形式。故填ranking。
4.to demonstrate
【详解】考查短语搭配和非谓语动词用法。句意:他们急切地想要向选民展示他们拥有切实的政策。分析句子结构可知,anxious后面跟不定式作状语,用来表达急切想要做某事。因此,正确的短语搭配是anxious to do something,其中to是不定式标记,demonstrate是动词原形。故填to demonstrate。
5.were complaining
【详解】考查时态。句意:当老师来了,带来了披萨和烤鸡时,我们正在痛苦地抱怨食物。这里考查be doing...when... 结构, 意为“正在做……, 这时突然……”, 一般强调意料之外的情况,且由后面用的一般过去时可知,这里应用过去进行时,表示过去正在发生的动作。故填were complaining。
6.literally
【详解】考查副词。句意:被称为“天水麻辣烫”,字面意思是辛辣和热的,这道菜因其大量的肉串、蔬菜和手工制作的土豆面在一锅沸腾的汤中而广受欢迎。使用副词作状语修饰动词means,需要的词义为“字面上”,故填literally。
7.election
【详解】考查名词。句意:布朗先生在这次选举中以比上次更大的多数获胜。结合语意可知,此处表示在选举中,空处用于this之后,应用名词election,作介词in的宾语。故填election。
8.consistent
【详解】考查形容词。句意:他们无法给出一致的解释。此处应用形容词作定语,根据句意可知,此处应用consistent,表示“一致的”,故填consistent。
9.handled
【详解】考查状语从句的省略、动词语态。句意:对于任何邻国来说,边界问题如果处理不好,都会直接影响到邻国之间的关系,甚至引发冲突。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it,且从句含有be动词时,可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中的条件状语从句完整句子为unless border issues are_____ (handled) properly,省略border issues are,border issues和 handle“处理”之间是被动关系,所以unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时的被动语态,省略border issues are,保留过去分词。故填handled。
10.diverse
【详解】考查形容词。句意:中国是世界上生物多样性最丰富的国家之一。分析句子结构可知,空格处应填形容词修饰名词countries,作定语。故填diverse。
11.ambition
【详解】考查名词。句意:她的志向是毕业后成为一名艺术家。由句意及空前的Her及空后的is to become an artist after graduation可知应填名词形式ambition,作主语。故填ambition。
12.in
【详解】考查介词。句意:许多成功人士都曾面对过许多恐惧,犯过许多错误,无数次想要认输。此处是固定搭配:throw in the towel意为“认输”。故填in。
13.in
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:虽然这次考试的结果没有你想象的那么好,但是你不能对自己失去信心。固定短语lose faith in意为“失去信心”,故填in。
14.competitive
【详解】考查形容词。句意:如果我们想在当今世界具有竞争力,就需要适应新技术。分析句子可知,空处应用形容词competitive“有竞争力的”在句中作表语。故填competitive。
15.to possess
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:据说他拥有超过25亿美元的财富。固定短语be said to do意为“据说某人即将做某事”,不定式作主语补足语。故填to possess。
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
(2025·山东泰安·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Weight management has stimulated widespread interest in China, prompting various regions to take diverse measures and establish specialized clinics. Striking data shows that 19% of minors 1 (age) 6-17 and 10% of children under 6 are overweight or obese, with half of adults sharing the same problem, highlighting the 2 (urgent) of the issue.
In response, Peking University People’s Hospital takes the lead by forming a multidisciplinary (多学科) team devoted mainly 3 solving diseases caused by obesity. Since 2017, its medical weight loss clinic has provided holistic treatment, covering lifestyle adjustment, medications, and surgeries. The treatment of obesity 4 (tailor) to each individual and a precise plan is developed based on a thorough assessment of their condition, integrating medical care with lifestyle management 5 (help) patients reduce pounds and prevent weight regain.
To further support patients, 6 concept of a health-focused weight loss camp has been introduced. This camp offers physical assessments, personalized weight loss plans, 7 education on scientific weight management. It also emphasizes the cultivation of healthy eating and exercise habits, 8 are crucial for long-term weight control and the prevention treatment of obesity-related diseases.
9 (recognize) that weight management is a long-term process, the camp fosters group interactions, allowing patients to 10 (active) find weight loss partners and encourage each other on their journey to a healthy weight.
【答案】
1.aged 2.urgency 3.to 4.is tailored 5.to help 6.the 7.and 8.which 9.Recognizing 10.actively
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了中国体重管理问题的严峻现状及应对措施。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:惊人的数据显示,6-17岁的未成年人中有19%、6岁以下儿童中有10%超重或肥胖,成年人中半数存在同样问题,凸显了这一问题的紧迫性。age在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语minors构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故填aged。
2.考查名词。句意:惊人的数据显示,6-17岁的未成年人中有19%、6岁以下儿童中有10% 超重或肥胖,成年人中半数存在同样问题,凸显了这一问题的紧迫性。空处作宾语,表示“紧迫性”应用名词urgency,不可数。故填urgency。
3.考查介词。句意:作为回应,北京大学人民医院率先组建了一个多学科团队,主要致力于解决肥胖引起的疾病。be devoted to为固定搭配,意为“致力于”。故填to。
4.考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:肥胖治疗针对每个人量身定制,在全面评估病情的基础上制定精准方案,将医疗护理与生活方式管理相结合,帮助患者减轻体重并防止反弹。主语与谓语构成被动关系,且陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为The treatment of obesity,谓语用单数。故填is tailored。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意:肥胖治疗针对每个人量身定制,在全面评估病情的基础上制定精准方案,将医疗护理与生活方式管理相结合,帮助患者减轻体重并防止反弹。help在句中应用非谓语动词形式,此处作目的状语,应用不定式。故填to help。
6.考查冠词。句意:为进一步支持患者,以健康为核心的减重营概念被引入。表示“……的概念”应用短语the concept of。故填the。
7.考查连词。句意:这个训练营提供身体评估、个性化的减肥计划以及科学的体重管理教育。physical assessments, personalized weight loss plans与education on scientific weight management为并列关系,应用连词and。故填and。
8.考查定语从句。句意:它还强调培养健康的饮食和运动习惯,这对长期控制体重和预防治疗肥胖相关疾病至关重要。空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰上文整个句子,从句中缺少主语,故用关系代词which引导。故填which。
9.考查非谓语动词。句意:认识到体重管理是一个长期的过程,训练营促进了群体互动,让患者积极寻找减肥伙伴,在健康体重的旅程中相互鼓励。recognize在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语camp构成主动关系,故用现在分词作状语,句首单词首字母要大写。故填Recognizing。
10.考查副词。句意:认识到体重管理是一个长期的过程,训练营促进了群体互动,让患者积极寻找减肥伙伴,在健康体重的旅程中相互鼓励。修饰动词find应用副词actively,作状语。故填actively。
(2025·广西·三模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Even as temperatures kept dropping in China’s northeastern “ice city” of Harbin, excitement rose among a group of swimmers who enjoy jumping into 1 (freeze) waters.
The daily event, known as ice swimming, is 2 winter tradition in Harbin. Swimmers train daily throughout the year 3 (get) their bodies ready for the unusual swim.
One of the swimmers was Chen Xia. She came from Zhejiang province about 1,700 kilometres further south. She decided to jump into the river even though she had a cold. Chen said in the city 4 she lives, the winter waters are warmer than those in Harbin. She said the experience strengthened her 5 (confident) in winter swimming. She has been taking part in the activity for about 20 years.
Yu Xiaofeng lives in Harbin, a city that 6 (sit) near the border with Russia. The 61-year-old said winter swimming in the city dates back 7 the 1970s. At that time, locals saw Russian Orthodox religious (宗教的) believers being baptized (给……施洗礼) in the river. Later in 1983, an official winter swimming group 8 (establish) in Harbin.
The city also holds an ongoing winter celebration known for 9 (it) huge, detailed ice and snow sculptures. Winter swimming is considered a sport in China. But it gained popularity much 10 (fast) in Harbin than in other parts of the country. Today, Yu said the city is considered a “holy land” for winter swimming.
【答案】
1.freezing 2.a 3.to get 4.where 5.confidence 6.sits 7.to 8.was established 9.its 10.faster
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国东北“冰城”哈尔滨的冬泳传统。
1.考查形容词。句意:即使中国东北“冰城”哈尔滨的气温持续下降,一群喜欢跳入冰冷水中的游泳者的热情却在高涨。修饰名词waters要用形容词,freeze的形容词形式freezing,表示“极冷的,冰冻的”。故填freezing。
2.考查冠词。句意:这项名为冰泳的日常活动是哈尔滨的一个冬季传统。可数名词tradition在句中泛指“一个冬季传统”,且winter发音以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意:游泳者全年每天都进行训练,以使他们的身体为这种不寻常的游泳做好准备。“(get) their bodies ready for the unusual swim”是“train daily throughout the year”的目的,用不定式作目的状语。故填to get。
4.考查定语从句。句意:陈说在她居住的城市,冬季的水温比哈尔滨的水温要高。“____ she lives”是定语从句,修饰先行词the city,关系词指代先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
5.考查名词。句意:她说这次经历增强了她冬泳的信心。提示词作宾语,用名词,confident的名词形式是confidence,意为“信心”,不可数名词。故填confidence。
6.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:于晓峰住在哈尔滨,这座城市坐落在中国与俄罗斯边境附近这座城市。sit(坐落在)是定语从句中谓语动词,句子描述的是客观事实,用一般现在时,that指代先行词a city作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。故填sits。
7.考查介词。句意:这位61岁的老人说,这座城市的冬泳可以追溯到20世纪70年代。date back to是固定短语,意为“追溯到”。故填to。
8.考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:后来在1983年,哈尔滨成立了一个官方的冬泳团体。 establish(建立,设立)是谓语动词,与主语an official winter swimming group之间是动宾关系,结合时间状语“Later in 1983”可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是单数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。故填was established。
9.考查代词。句意:这座城市还举办了一场正在进行的冬季庆典,以其巨大、精致的冰雪雕塑而闻名。提示词修饰名词短语huge, detailed ice and snow sculptures,用形容词性物主代词its作定语。故填its。
10.考查副词比较级。句意:但冬泳在哈尔滨比在该国其他地区更受欢迎。提示词修饰动词gained,根据句意和介词“than”可知,此处要用比较级,用fast的比较级faster作状语。故填faster。
考点三Unit 3 Fit for Life词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. n. 外科医生 surgeon 46. n. 橡胶;橡皮 rubber
2. n. 医师,内科医生 physician 47. adj. 外向的 outgoing
3. n. 药剂师,药商;化学家 chemist 48. adj. 感激的,表示感谢的 grateful
4. n. 牙科医生 dentist 49. adj. 有残疾的,丧失能力的 disabled
5. vi.专门研究(或从事),专攻 specialize 50. n. 缺陷,障碍 disability
6. n. 基因 gene 51. adj. 传统的,习惯的;依照惯例的,遵循习俗的 conventional
7. adj. 改变游戏规则的(指彻底改变事态发展的) game-changing 52. n. 皮革 leather
8. n. 基因组,染色体组 genome 53. adj. 感觉的,感官的 sensory
9. n. 细胞 cell 54. n. 专利,专利证书 adj. 有专利的,受专利保护的 patent
10. n. 生物;存在;身心 being 55. vt. 增加,刺激;给…提供燃料 n. 燃料 fuel
11. n. 寿命,有效期 lifespan 56. vt. 使不安;打扰;搅乱 disturb
12. vt. 影响;侵袭,使感染;深深打动 affect 57. vt. 应付,处理,解决 tackle
13. vt. 感染疾病;与…订立合同(契约);(使)收缩n. 合同,合约 contract 58. adv. 积极地,果断地;正面相撞地 adj. 迎头相撞的;正面反对的 head-on
14. n. 病毒;(计算机程序中的)病毒 virus 59. 竭尽全力做某事,不遗余力做某事 go to great lengths to do sth
15. n. 癌症;邪恶,毒瘤 cancer 60. vt. &vt. 调整,调节;适应,习惯;整理 adjust
16. vt. 找到,发现;确认,认出;显示,说明身份 identify 61. n. (AmE centimeter)厘米 centimetre
17. vi. & vt. 联系,使有联系;叙述,讲述 relate 62. n. 针刺疗法 acupuncture
18. 涉及;与……相关 relate to 63. n. 针;注射针;指针 needle
19. n. (pl. means)方法,方式;财富,钱财 means 64. n. 证据,证明;物证,人证 vt. 证明,表明 evidence
20. vt. 删去,删除 delete 65. 追溯到,始于,自…至今 date back to
21. vt. 恢复;修复;使复原,使复位 restore 66. adj. 实心的;固体的;结实的;纯色的 solid
22. adv. 最终;根本上 ultimately 67. vi. & vt. 转变;交换;调班 n. 开关,闸;转变,改变 switch
23. adj. 反常的,畸形的 abnormal 68. adj. 不生锈的 stainless
24. n. 武器,手段;兵器 weapon 69. n. 钢;钢铁工业 steel
25. adj. 十分重大的,根本的;基础的,基本的 n. 基本规律,根本法则,基础 fundamental 70. n. (AmE millimeter) 毫米 millimetre
26. n. 发生的速度,节奏;步速;快节奏 vi. & vt. 来回踱步,走来走去;确定速度,调整节奏 pace 71. n. 私人诊所;门诊部;门诊时间 clinic
27. vi. (arose,arisen)发生,出现;(由…)引起,(因…)产生 arise 72. vt. 检查,检验;审查,调查;考,测试;审问 examine
28. vt.限制,限定;束缚,妨碍;约束,管束 restrict 73. n. 舌头;语言 tongue
29. vt.(尤指以法令)禁止;使不可能 prohibit 74. n. 脉搏 vi. 搏动,跳动;洋溢着 pulse
30. 禁止某人做某事 prohibit sb from doing sth 75. n. 手腕,腕关节 wrist
31. n. 抵抗力;抵制,反对;抵抗,反抗 resistance 76. n. 器官;风琴;机构,机关 organ
32. n. 流行性感冒,流感 flu 77. adj. 十分严重的,极为恶劣的;严厉的;艰难的 severe
33. n. 特征,特点 adj.典型的,独特的 characteristic 78. n. 焦虑;担心;渴望 anxiety
34. vi. & vt. 奋力对付,努力处理;摔跤 wrestle 79. vt. 滥用;虐待;辱骂 n. 滥用;虐待;辱骂 abuse
35. 努力处理,全力解决 wrestle with 80. n. 酒精,酒 alcohol
36. 准备就绪 put sth in place 81. n. 烟草 tobacco
37. vt.&vi. 讨论,辩论;仔细考虑,思考 n. 讨论,争论;辩论 debate 82. n. 毒品;药物 drug
38. 毫无疑问,的确 without doubt 83. n. (pl. phenomena)现象 phenomenon
39. n. 调查发现,研究结果 finding 84. n. 物质;要点 substance
40. adj. 成熟的;时机成熟的 ripe 85. n. 象征;符号,代号 symbol
41. 高龄 a ripe old age 86. adj. 分布广的,普遍的,广泛的 widespread
42. vi. & vt. (withdrew, withdrawn) 脱离(社会),不与人交往;(使)撤离;(使)退出;停止提供 withdraw 87. n. 绷带 bandage
43. vt. 配备;使有能力 equip 88. n. 传染,感染 infection
44. adj. 人工的,人造的;人为的;虚假的 artificial 89. n. 部门,局,系 department
45. n. 肢,臂,腿 limb
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1.affect vt.影响;侵袭,使感染;深深打动→affection n.喜爱;影响
2.identify vt.找到,发现;确认,认出;显示,说明身份→identification n.识别;鉴定;确认
3.abnormal adj.反常的,畸形的→normal adj.正常的,标准的
4.arise vi.发生,出现;(由……)引起,(因……)产生→(过去式)arose→(过去分词)arisen
5.prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止;使不可能→prohibition n.禁止;禁令
6.resistance n.抵抗力;抵制,反对;抵抗,反抗→resist v.抵抗;抗拒→resistant adj.抵抗的,反抗的
7.withdraw vi.& vt.脱离(社会),不与人交往;(使)撤回;(使)退出;停止提供→(过去式)withdrew→(过去分词)withdrawn
8.equip vt.配备;使有能力→(过去式)equipped→(过去分词)equipped→equipment n.设备
9.grateful adj.感激的,表示感谢的→gratitude n.感谢;感激
10.disabled adj.有残疾的,丧失能力的→disability n.缺陷,障碍
11.disturb vt.使不安;打扰;搅乱→disturbing adj.令人不安的;烦扰的
12.adjust vt.& vi.调整,调节;适应,习惯;整理→adjustment n.调整;调节→adjustable adj.可调节的
13.evidence n.证据,证明;物证,人证vt.证明,表明→evident adj.明显的
14.examine vt.检查,检验;审查,调查;考,测试;审问→examination n.考试;检查;查问
15.severe adj.十分严重的,极为恶劣的;严厉的;艰难的→severely adv.严重地;严厉地
16.anxiety n.焦虑;担心;渴望→anxious adj.焦虑的;担忧的;渴望的;急切的
17.alcohol n.酒精,酒→alcoholic adj.酒精的;含酒精的
18.phenomenon n.现象→phenomena n.现象(复数)
19.infection n.传染,感染→infected adj.被感染的→ infectious adj.传染的;易传染的
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1.play a critical role in在……中起关键作用
2.catch a certain virus染上某种病毒
3.an excellent sense of hearing极佳的听觉
4.serve as...充当/作为……
5.relate to涉及,与……相关
6.禁止某人做某事prohibit sb.from doing sth.
7.努力处理,全力解决wrestle with
8.准备就绪put sth. in place
9.毫无疑问,的确without doubt
10.高龄a ripe old age
11.采取措施做某事take measures to do sth.
12.竭尽全力做某事,不遗余力做某事go to great lengths to do sth.
13.追溯到,始于,自……至今date back to
14.代替;取代take the place of
15.到目前为止;直到现在up to now
16.fuel concerns引发担忧
17.come up with提出;想出
18.switch to切换到;转变成
19.in addition to除……之外(还有)
20.a symbol of ……的象征
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
16.His shortage of experience is an extremely bad _____________(disable).
17.One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human _________ (resist) to colds and flus.
18.We consider it necessary that the instrument ___________(adjust) each time it is used.
19.____________(affect)with high fever, he continued with his work.
20.Of the 1.1 million insect species worldwide so far, scientists___________(identify) 1,700 as eatable species.
21.The___________(infect)seems quite mild, so she should be better soon.
22.Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a______(disable).
23.There has been a lot of________(resist)to this new change.
24.We need to explain why these issues are important and relate them ________ everyday life.
25.The function of the logo is _________(identify) your products and make them differ from others.
26.Nina was ________ because there had been several ________ phone calls. (disturb)
27.You don’t have to get college education but the experience _______(relate) to the job is essential (必要的).
28.White has always been ________ symbol of purity in Western cultures.
29.I can understand your ___________ (anxious), but please try not to worry.
30.The train was delayed due to ________ (normal) weather conditions.
16.disability
【详解】考查名词。句意:他缺乏经验是一个极其严重的缺陷。根据句意和空格前不定冠词an可知,应使用单数名词disability作表语,意为“缺陷,障碍”。故填disability。
17.resistance
【详解】考查名词。句意:不久的将来,我们将能够使用基因组编辑来增加人类对感冒和流感的抵抗力。作宾语应用名词resistance,不可数。故填resistance。
18.(should) be adjusted
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:我们认为每次使用仪器的时候调试一下是很有必要的。necessary后接从句时,从句用虚拟语气,即谓语部分为:(should)+do,又因从句中谓语动词adjust与主语instrument之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。故填(should) be adjusted。
19.Affected
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他发着高烧,继续他的工作。be affected with意为“患有……疾病”,分析可知,空处为非谓语动词作状语,所以此处省略be动词,用过去分词作状语,句首字母须大写。故填Affected。
20.have identified
【详解】考查时态。句意:到目前为止,世界上共有110万种昆虫,科学家们已经确定了1700种可食用昆虫。根据时间状语so far可知,此处应用现在完成时,表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在,对现在造成的影响。主语为名词复数,主谓一致,故填have identified。
21.infection
【详解】考查名词。句意:感染似乎很轻微,所以她应该很快就会好起来。冠词后用名词,infect名词是infection,做主语。故填infection。
22.disability
【详解】考查名词。句意:有些职位要求学生年龄在15岁至24岁之间,对于残疾人,要求年龄不超过29岁。结合语意,此处表示有残疾的人,空处用与不定冠词a之后,应用名词disability,表示“残疾”,作介词with的宾语,符合句意。故填disability。
23.resistance
【详解】考查名词。句意:这种新变化受到了很多抵制。该句为there be句型,空处为句子主语,resistance“抵制”符合题意,不可数名词。故填resistance。
24.to
【详解】考查介词。句意:我们需要解释为什么这些问题很重要,并把它们与日常生活联系起来。relate...to...是固定搭配,意为“将......与......联系起来”,故填to。
25.to identify
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:标志的作用是识别你的产品,使其与众不同。作表语,说明主语的内容,应用不定式。故填to identify。
26. disturbed disturbing
【详解】考查动词语态、形容词。句意:妮娜被打扰到了,因为接到了几个令人不安的电话。第一空为谓语动词,disturb与逻辑主语之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,助动词was后接动词过去分词,故填disturbed。第二空在seven与phone calls之间,应用形容词,修饰物应用disturbing,意为“令人不安的,引起恐慌的”,作定语。故填①disturbed;②disturbing。
27.related
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:你不必接受大学教育,但与工作相关的经验是必不可少的。动词relate和the experience之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词作定语。故填related。
28.a
【详解】考查冠词。句意:在西方文化中,白色一直是纯洁的象征。因为空格后是单数可数名词symbol,因此应该使用不定冠词,表示泛指,且symbol发音是以辅音音素开头,应用a。故填a。
29.anxiety
【详解】考查名词。句意:我能理解你的焦虑,但请尽量不要担心。your修饰名词,设空处应用名词,anxious的名词为anxiety,不可数名词,意为“焦虑,忧虑”,作宾语。故填anxiety。
30.abnormal
【详解】考查形容词。句意:由于天气条件异常,火车延误了。根据空前“The train was delayed”可知,此处是天气条件异常,应用形容词abnormal,修饰名词weather conditions,作定语。故填abnormal。
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
(2025·湖南长沙·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For centuries, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) 1 (rely) on the wisdom of ancient texts and the hands-on expertise of 2 (experience) practitioners (行医者), but now 3 unexpected partner is stepping in — artificial intelligence (AI).
4 China increasing efforts to digitize and modernize its TCM industry, many are asking: Can cutting-edge technology 5 (lock) new potential in this ancient healing system
On March 20, the Chinese central government released new guidelines 6 (design) to enhance the quality of TCM and promote its high-quality development. A key initiative of the plan is to integrate AI and digital technologies across the industry, building smart 7 (factory), developing AI-driven models to assess the clinical effectiveness of TCM, 8 transforming traditional therapeutic knowledge into scientific evidence.
It’s a bold move for a field rooted in concepts like “qi”, or vital energy, and the balance of yin and yang— ideas 9 have long resisted easy explanation through modern scientific frameworks. Yet, some experts believe AI could be the key to 10 (bridge) this gap.
【答案】
1.has relied/has been relying 2.experienced 3.an 4.With 5.unlock 6.designed 7.factories 8.and 9.that/which 10.bridging
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。中国中央政府发布新指南,推动将人工智能和数字技术融入中医药行业,以提升其质量并促进高质量发展。
1.考查动词时态。句意:数百年来,传统中医一直依赖于古代典籍中的智慧以及资深医师的实践经验,但如今一个意想不到的伙伴也加入了进来——人工智能。主语TCM为单数,for centuries为完成时标志,可用现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在的影响,或用现在完成进行,表示过去发生的动作持续到现在不间断发生,助动词用has。故填has relied/has been relying。
2.考查形容词。句意:数百年来,传统中医一直依赖于古代典籍中的智慧以及资深医师的实践经验,但如今一个意想不到的伙伴也加入了进来——人工智能。修饰名词practitioners用形容词experienced。故填experienced。
3.考查冠词。句意:数百年来,传统中医一直依赖于古代典籍中的智慧以及资深医师的实践经验,但如今一个意想不到的伙伴也加入了进来——人工智能。此处partner为泛指,且unexpected的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
4.考查 with复合结构。句意:随着中国不断加大中医药产业的数字化和现代化进程,许多人不禁发问:先进的技术能否为这一古老的治疗体系挖掘出新的潜力?此处为with的复合结构,表示谓语动词发生的伴随情况。首字母大写。故填With。
5.考查动词。句意:随着中国不断加大中医药产业的数字化和现代化进程,许多人不禁发问:先进的技术能否为这一古老的治疗体系挖掘出新的潜力?本句想表达的是“尖端科技能否为这个古老的治疗系统释放出新的潜力 ”用lock的反义动词unlock,且can后跟动词原形。故填unlock。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意:3 月 20 日,中国中央政府发布了新的指导方针,旨在提升中医药的质量,并推动其高质量发展。此处design与guidelines构成被动关系,故用过去分词做后置定语。故填designed。
7.考查名词的数。句意:该计划的一项关键举措是将人工智能和数字技术全面融入整个行业,建设智能工厂,开发基于人工智能的模型来评估中医的临床疗效,并将传统的治疗知识转化为科学证据。此处数量大于一用复数形式作宾语。故填factories。
8.考查连词。句意:该计划的一项关键举措是将人工智能和数字技术全面融入整个行业,建设智能工厂,开发基于人工智能的模型来评估中医的临床疗效,并将传统的治疗知识转化为科学证据。后面是三个现在分词的并列,用连词and。故填and。
9.考查定语从句。句意:对于一个根植于诸如“气”(即生命能量)以及阴阳平衡等概念的领域来说,这是一次大胆的尝试。而这些概念长期以来一直难以用现代科学框架来简单解释。定语从句修饰先行词ideas,指物,且从句中缺少主语。故填that/which。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,一些专家认为人工智能可能是弥合这一差距的关键所在。the key to结构中的 to为介词,后跟动名词作宾语。故填bridging。
(2025·河南·模拟预测)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式, 并将答案填写在答题卡上。
World Traditional Medicine Day, 1 (celebrate) on October 22, is a day 2 was established by the World Health Organization in 1991 through the Beijing Declaration, with the aim of rescuing, preserving, promoting and widely spreading the knowledge of medicine, treatments and traditional practices. Through this agreement, member states of the United Nations 3 (require) to promote policies that guarantee the safe and effective use of traditional medicines.
Traditional Medicine is a broad term referring 4 both traditional Chinese, Indian, Western, Arabic medicine, 5 various forms of native medicine. It involves the use of medicines based on herbs, animal parts or minerals.
Traditional Medicine has maintained its 6 (popular) throughout the world. Since 7 1990s, there has been a comeback of its use in many developing countries. In Africa, up to 80% of the population uses Traditional Medicine 8 (help) meet their health needs. In Asia and Latin America, populations continue to use Traditional Medicine as a result of historical circumstances and cultural beliefs. In China, it 9 (account) for around 40% of healthcare.
In many developed countries, Traditional Medicine is also becoming increasingly popular. The percentage of the population 10 (use) it at least once is 48% in Australia, 70% in Canada, 42% in the USA, 38% in Belgium and 75% in France.
【答案】
1.celebrated 2.which/that 3.are required 4.to 5.and 6.popularity 7.the 8.to help 9.accounts 10.using
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界传统医药日的时间、设立的目的以及传统医药的现状等信息。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:世界传统医药日于10月22日庆祝,是世界卫生组织1991年通过《北京宣言》设立的节日…… 句中已有谓语动词is,故空处需填非谓语动词,句子主语 World Traditional Medicine Day与 celebrate之间为被动关系(节日被庆祝),故用过去分词作后置定语。故填celebrated。
2.考查定语从句。句意:同上。空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词 a day指物,在定语从句中作主语,可用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which或that。
3.考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:通过该协议,联合国成员国被要求推行确保传统药物安全有效使用的政策。空处缺谓语动词,主语member states与require为被动关系(成员国被要求),且句子陈述客观事实,主语是复数,用一般现在时被动语态。故填are required。
4.考查介词。句意:传统医药是一个广义术语,指中医、印度医学、西方医学、阿拉伯医学以及各种形式的本土医学。refer to为固定短语,意为 “指的是;涉及”,故填to。
5.考查连词。句意:同上。前后列举的traditional Chinese, Indian, Western, Arabic medicine与 various forms of native medicine为并列关系,用and连接。故填and。
6.考查词性转换。句意:句意:传统医药在全球范围内保持着它的受欢迎程度。形容词性物主代词its后需接名词,故将形容词popular转换为名词popularity,为不可数名词。故填popularity。
7.考查冠词。句意:自20世纪90年代以来,传统医药在许多发展中国家重新流行起来。表示 “年代”时,结构为“the + 年份复数”,故填the。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意:在非洲,多达80%的人口使用传统医药来满足他们的健康需求。“使用传统医药”的目的是 “满足健康需求”,故用不定式to help作目的状语。故填to help。
9.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:在中国,它占医疗保健的40%左右。空处缺谓语动词,句子陈述客观事实,主语it为第三人称单数,动词account需用第三人称单数形式accounts。故填accounts。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意:在澳大利亚,至少使用过一次传统医药的人口比例为48%,加拿大为70%,美国为42%,比利时为38%,法国为75%。 句中已有谓语动词is,故空处缺非谓语动词,the population与use之间为主动关系(人口使用传统医药),故用现在分词using作后置定语。故填using。
考点四Unit 4 Living with technology词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. n. 城堡 castle 45. vt. 监视,跟踪调查;监听 n. 显示屏;监测器;班长 monitor
2. (建)空中楼阁,幻想,空想 (build) castles in the air 46. n. (AmE license)许可证,执照 licence
3. n. 输入的信息;投入 vt. (input,input)输入(信息) input 47. n. 体育场,运动场 stadium
4. n. 领悟(或理解、办事)能力;容量,容积;职位,职责;生产量 capacity 48. n. 最好(或最精彩)的部分vt. 突出,强调,使醒目 highlight
5. (AmE analyze) vt.分析 analyse 49. n. 小塑料容器;(装药的)胶囊;太空舱 capsule
6. adj. 巨大的,大而重的;非常严重的 massive 50. vt. 埋藏;埋葬,安葬;覆盖;遮盖;使陷入 bury
7. n. 网络,网状系统;关系网,人际网;(互联)网络 network 51. n. 喷泉,涌流;喷水池;源泉,丰富来源 fountain
8. vt. 创造(新词语) coin 52. 自来水笔 fountain pen
9. n. 重大进展,突破 adj. 突破性的 breakthrough 53. adj. 当代的,现代的;属同时期的,同一时代的n. 同代人,同辈人 contemporary
10. n. 财政,金融;资金,财力,财务管理vt.提供资金 finance 54. n. 种子;起源,起因 seed
11. (表示列举)等等 to name but a few 55. n. 小麦,小麦粒 wheat
12. adj. 自主的,有自主权的;自治的 autonomous 56. adj.肌肉的;强壮的 muscular
13. adj. 家庭的,家务的;本国的,国内的 domestic 57. vt. & vi. 断定,推断出;达成,订立;(使)结束,终止 conclude
14. vt. 危及,对…构成威胁;威胁,恐吓 threaten 58. adj.合乎情理的,事出有因的;有正当理由的 justified
15. vt. 犯(罪);承诺,保证;花(钱或时间)vi. 全身心投入,忠于 commit 59. n. 优越感;优越性,优势 superiority
16. n. 罪,罪行;犯罪活动 crime 60. adj.虚拟的,模拟的;很接近的,事实上的 virtual
17. vt. & n. 谋杀,凶杀 murder 61. 处于最前列,进入重要地位 at the forefront of
18. vt. 敦促,催促;大力推荐,竭力主张;驱赶,鞭策n. 冲动,强烈的欲望 urge 62. n. 定义;释义,解释 definition
19. vt. 造成,产生;提问,质询 vi. 摆好姿势 n. 姿势 pose 63. n. 头戴式耳机 headset
20. adv. 显然,可见 apparently 64. n. 传感器,敏感元件 sensor
21. n. 警告,先兆;警戒 warning 65. adj. 实际的,真实的;切实可行的;有用的;实事求是的 practical
22. vt. 需要;强烈要求 n. 要求,所需之物;需求,需要 demand 66. 许多,大量 a host of
23. n. 受害者,牺牲品;受骗者;祭品 victim 67. adj. 教学的,学术的;学习良好的;纯理论的 academic
24. 受伤,受损,被害 fall victim to 68. adj.(计算机系统或图像)沉浸式虚拟现实的 immersive
25. adj. 贪心的,贪婪的 greedy 69. vt. & vi. 吸引住(注意力、兴趣);雇佣,聘用;与…建立密切关系 engage
26. n. 识别,认出;承认,认可;赞誉,赏识 recognition 70. n. 双胞胎之一;一对相像的事物之一 adj. 双胞胎之一的;成对的,成双的 twin
27. n. 数据库 database 71. n. 好像一模一样的人,复制品;克隆动物(或植物) vt. 克隆,以无性繁殖技术复制 clone
28. n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的;非传统的 alternative 72. n. 障碍,阻力;屏障,障碍物;分界线,隔阂 barrier
29. n. 黑客 hacker 73. 归结为,基本问题是 boil down to
30. n. 偷窃,偷窃罪 theft 74. vt. 对…微调 fine-tune
31. 强行闯入,撬开;突然开始(笑、唱等);顺利打入 break into 75. adj. 最初的,开始的 n. 首字母 initial
32. adj. 有自动保险装置的,具有自动防止故障性能的 fail-safe 76. adj. 乐观的,抱乐观看法的 optimistic
33. n. 无人驾驶飞机 drone 77. vt. 使恼怒,使生气;打扰,骚扰 annoy
34. n. 分发,分送;分配,分布 distribution 78. n. 杂草,野草 weed
35. vt. 预言,预告 predict 79. 大量地 like weeds
36. vt. & vi. 减少,降低 n. 减少,降低 decrease 80. adj. 使用最先进技术(或方法)的,最先进的 state-of-the-art
37. vt. 否认,否定;拒绝承认,拒绝接受 deny 81. n. 球体,球状体;地球仪;地球,世界 globe
38. n. 数量,大量 quantity 82. n. 人造卫星,卫星 satellite
39. 大量,大批 in large quantities 83. n. 费用;开销,开支 expense
40. n. 航空公司 airline 84. 在牺牲(或损害)…的情况下 at the expense of
41. n. 构成威胁的人(或事物);威胁,恐吓;凶兆 threat 85. n. 性别 gender
42. vi. 从事间谍活动;突然看见 n. 间谍 spy 86. n. & vt. 羡慕,忌妒 envy
43. 暗中监视,窥探 spy on 87. n. 酒吧,酒馆 pub
44. adj. 不合法的,非法的 illegal
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1.finance n.财政,金融;资金;财力,财务管理 vt.提供资金→financial adj.金融的;财政的,财务的
2.threaten vt.危及,对……构成威胁;威胁,恐吓→threat n.威胁,恐吓
3.crime n.罪,罪行;犯罪活动→criminal n.罪犯
4.urge vt.敦促,催促;大力推荐,竭力主张;驱赶,鞭策 n.冲动,强烈的欲望→urgent adj.紧急的;急迫的
5.demand vt.需要;强烈要求 n.要求,所需之物;需求,需要→demanding adj.(工作)要求高的,费力的;(人)苛求的
6.greedy adj.贪心的,贪婪的→greed n.贪婪,贪心
7.recognition n.识别,认出;承认,认可;赞誉,赏识→recognize vt.认出,识别;承认
8.distribution n.分发,分送;分配,分布→distribute vt.分配;散布;分开;把……分类
9.predict vt.预言,预告→prediction n.预报;预言
10.conclude vt.& vi.断定,推断出;达成,订立;(使)结束,终止→conclusion n.结论;结局;推论
11.justified adj.合乎情理的,事出有因的;有正当理由的→justify vt.证明……正当;替……辩护
12.engage vt.& vi.吸引住(注意力、兴趣等);雇佣,聘用;与……建立密切关系→engagement n.婚约;约会;诺言
13.optimistic adj.乐观的,抱乐观看法的→optimism n.乐观;乐观主义
14.globe n.球体,球状物;地球仪;地球,世界→global adj.全球的;总体的;球形的
15.envy n.& vt.羡慕,忌妒→envious adj.羡慕的;嫉妒的
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1.空中楼阁,幻想,空想castles in the air
2.略举几例to name but a few
3.受伤,受损,被害fall victim to
4.强行闯入,撬开;突然开始(笑、唱等);顺利打入break into
5.come true实现
6.be capable of doing sth.有能力做某事
7.put forward提出;放出;拨快
8.amounts of大量的
9.in short总之;简言之
10.become/be dependent on依靠
11.大量,大批in large quantities
12.暗中监视,窥探spy on
13.处于最前列,进入重要地位at the forefront of
14.许多,大量a host of
15.归结为,基本问题是boil down to
16.大量地like weeds
17.在牺牲(或损害)……的情况下at the expense of
18.interact with与……相互作用;与……互动
19.a variety of多种多样的
20.be optimistic about对……感到乐观
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Walking in the street deep into the night, he was aware of the_________(threaten) from the man following him.
2.The city has been built up really fast; It has changed beyond ________ (recognize).
3.He tied her up and ______ (threat) her with a six-inch knife.
4.They were justified________ turning down our proposal. (在……方面是有道理的)
5.The Government’s sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first ________(predict) it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.
6.If I hadn’t been faced with so many ________(barrier), I wouldn’t be where I am.
7.The building project will __________(finance) by the government.
8.She felt fully________(justify) in asking for her money back.
9.I found him ________ (bury) in the book and left quietly.
10.Chinese vaccines have gained wide ________ (recognize) from the international community.
11.Technology________(predict) to play an even more important role in our lives in the future.
12.His ______(academy) performance is well above average, but he is still humble and helpful.
13.The policeman demanded of us________ (tell) him everything about the accident.
14.Your watch will be repaired for free if it is still ________ guarantee.
15.He would never allow his daughter to get engaged ________ an unworthy man.
1.threat
【详解】考查名词。句意:深夜,他走在街上,意识到身后那个人的威胁。作宾语,用名词threat,表抽象意义,故填threat。
2.recognition
【详解】考查名词。句意:这座城市建设得非常快;它已经变得认不出来了。空处应填名词作介词beyond的宾语,recognition认识,识别,名词,beyond recognition认不出。故填recognition。
3.threatened
【详解】考查时态。句意:他把她绑起来,用一把六英寸长的刀威胁她。照应tied时态,所以并列谓语动词应用一般过去时。提示词为名词threat“威胁”,变动词为threaten“威胁”,再加-ed,变一般过去时。故填threatened。
4.in
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:他们在拒绝我们的提议方面是有道理的。表示“在…方面是有道理的”应用固定搭配be justified in。故填in。
5.predicted
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:英国首份官方数据显示,政府对软饮料征收的糖税带来的收入只有大臣们最初预计的一半。根据时间状语first以及空后的宾语从句中的would可判断,此处为陈述过去的动作,应用一般过去时态,设空处应用动词过去式。故填predict。
6.barriers
【详解】考查可数名词单复数。句意:我如果没有面对那么多的障碍,就不会成为今天的我。根据空前的many可知,此处要用名词复数形式。故填barriers。
7.be financed
【详解】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意:该建筑项目将由政府提供资金。根据空后的“by the government”可知,主语project和动词finance之间是被动关系,此处应用一般将来时的被动语态,结构为will be done。故填be financed。
8.justified
【第05讲 选修二词汇
目录
01 考情解码·命题预警 2
02 体系构建·思维可视 3
03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 4
考点一 Unit 1 The Mass Media 4
知识点1 读单词、识词义 4
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 6
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 7
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 7
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 8
考点二 Unit 2 Sports Culture 13
知识点1 读单词、识词义 13
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 14
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 15
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 16
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 18
考点三 Unit 3 Fit for Life 21
知识点1 读单词、识词义 21
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 21
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 23
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 24
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 26
考点四 Unit 4 Living with Technology 30
知识点1 读单词、识词义 31
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 31
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 32
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 32
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 35
教材词汇 课标词汇 2025:spare , count on; fire (熟词生义);company; permission;uncomfortable;cut; 2024:confirm;guidance(派生词);digital; professionally(派生词) 2023:rental,erase,statistician,bimonthly; fiberglass, ecosystem,checkpoint; mind(n.-v.); leaf(n.-v.); tear(n.-v.); average(n.-v.); touch(v.-n.); 新高考词汇难度增大。2025年新高考I卷为例,不包含听力部分和问题部分,总词数便达2600词。其中包括很多派生词。新高考II卷包含听力部分试卷总词数达2904词。读后续写部分要求读写结合,需要更多的词汇积累和输出。这个数词基本与2024年持平,但对于词汇的活用有增无减。在备考中,应当注重掌握课标,扩充课外阅读量。 稳中有升增加对熟词生义的考查。 适度考查一些学生不常接触的高考词汇。 加大了对构词法的考查力度。 全面考查词汇在语境中灵活运用的能力,如情境意识、同义转换和概要思维能力。
复习目标:以新课标词汇为依据,新教材单词表为蓝本,以近三年新高考真题为导向,在一轮词汇复习中夯实词汇基础,并反复积累,运用构词法扩大词汇量并在大量的语篇阅读中迁移词汇运用能力,大胆猜测熟词的生义并积累地道的搭配和习惯用语。
考点一Unit 1 The mass media词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. adj. 批评的,批判性的,关键的;危急的 45. vi. 逐步增加 vt. 攀登,爬上 n.山
2. vt. 使落入险境;卡住,绊住 n. 陷阱,罗网;圈套;困境,牢笼 46. 尺寸和数量上)增加,上升
3. vt. 发布;释放;松开;发泄 n. 释放;发行;排放,泄漏 47. n. 提高;提升;海拔
4. n. 救护车 48. n. 行业,职业;同行;宣称,声明
5. vi.&vt. 延伸(距离);扩大;延长;伸展 49. n. 戏剧;戏剧性事件
6. n. 建筑,建造;建造物 50. n. 奖学金;学术
7. n. 许多;(一)打;十来个 51. n. 类别,种类
8. 很多,许多 52. adv. 尽管如此
9. adj. 轻微的,次要的 53. vt. & vi. 是发生…的时间(或地点),见证;目击;作证;是…的迹象 n.目击者,见证人;证人
10. n. 洗澡,洗浴;浴缸,浴盆 54. n. 版本;一份,一期;版次
11. vi. & vt. 尖叫;高声喊;发出大而尖的声音 n. 尖叫,尖锐刺耳的声音 55. n. 平台;站台,月台;讲台,舞台
12. vi. & vt.(狗)吠叫;厉声发令n.(狗)吠声;短促响亮的人声;树皮 56. 迅速出现,突然兴起
13. vt. & vi.(使)窒息;(使)哽咽,(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来 57. n. 互动;互相作用
14. n. 香烟 58. n.(统称)会员,会员人数;会员资格
15. n. 地毯;覆盖地面的一层厚东西 59. n. 图表;海图;(the charts)排行榜
16. adj. 自动的,无意识的,不假思索的 60. n. 广播节目,电视节目 vi.&vt. (broadcast,broadcast)播送,广播;散布,传播
17. vt.&vi. 侦查,调查;研究 61. n. 广告活动,广告业
18. 发生 62. n. 说服,劝说;信仰
19. n. 新闻记者,新闻工作者 63. vt. 说服;使信服
20. n. 优先事项,首要事情;优先权,重点 64. n. (informal ad)广告,启事;广告活动,广告宣传
21. vt. 相矛盾,相反;反驳,驳斥 65. n.途径,渠道;电视台;频道;方法;水渠
22. adj. 事实的,真实的 66. adj. 高峰时期的,最高度的 n. 顶峰,高峰;山峰;尖端 vi. 达到高峰,达到最高值
23. n. 例子,事例 67. vi. & vt. 做广告,登广告;公布,征聘;展现,宣传
24. 例如,比如 68. vt. 使增长,使兴旺 n. 增长,提高;帮助,激励
25. vi. 相异;意见相左 69. n. 心理,心理特征;心理学
26. n. 结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成 70. vt. 买,购买 n.购买,采购;购买的东西,购买项目
27. adj. 错误的,不真实的,非天生的;假的,伪造的;不忠诚的 71. adj. 难忘的,值得纪念的
28. 揭露,披露 72. n. 标语,口号
29. n. 最小值,最少量 adj.最低的,最小的 73. n. 茶壶
30. n. 最大量,最大限度 adj.最高的,最多的 74. 被传达,被理解,把…讲清楚
31. vt. 总结,概括 n. 金额,款项;总和,总数;全部 75. n. 品牌;类型;烙印
32. 总结,概括 76. n.大使,代表
33. adj. 正确无误的;精确的 77. n. 放置;安置
34. adj. 尽心尽力的;承诺过的 78. n. 收视率;等级,级别
35. 致力于 79. vt. 赞助;主办;为慈善活动捐款;资助 n. 赞助商;为慈善活动捐款的人
36. n. 辨别力,识别力;歧视,区别对待 80. vt. 理解,掌握;吸收;吸引全部注意力
37. n. 好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品 81. n. 折扣 vt. 打折出售
38. n. 新闻业,新闻工作 82. vt. 专门制作,定做 n. 裁缝
39. n. 献身,投入;承诺,许诺;花费 83. (使)增添乐趣,(使)明亮
40. n. 公民;市民,居民 84. n. 住房,住宅
41. vt. 创建,创办;建立,兴建 85. n. 住宅区;(通常指农村的)大片私有土地;个人财产,(尤指)遗产
42. n. 政治,政治事务;(个人的)政治观点,政见 86. 住宅区,住宅群
43. vt. 谴责,控诉 87. vt.(提供)消遣;逗笑
44. n. 税,税款 vt. 对…征税,使纳税
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1.critical adj.批评的,批判性的;关键的;危急的→ n.批评家;评论家;评论员→ adv.批判性地
2.construction n.建筑,建造;建造物→ vt.建设;修建
3.bath n.洗澡,洗浴;浴缸,浴盆→ vi.洗澡;游泳
4.automatic adj.自动的;无意识的,不假思索的→ adv.无意识地;自动地
5.investigate vt.& vi.侦查,调查;研究→ n.调查;研究
6.journalist n.新闻记者,新闻工作者→ n.新闻业,新闻工作
7.factual adj.事实的,真实的→ adv.真实地
8.differ vi.相异;意见相左→ adj.不同的→ adv.不同地
→ n.不同之处
9.conclusion n.结论,推论;结束,结果;签订;达成→ vt.& vi.结束;推断出
10.accurate adj.正确无误的;精确的→ adv.精确地;准确地
→ n.准确(性);精确(程度)
11.committed adj.尽心尽力的→ n.承诺,许诺;献身,投入;花费
12.contradict vt.相矛盾,相反;反驳,驳斥→ n.不一致,矛盾
→ adj.相互矛盾的;对立的
curiosity n.好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品→ adj.好奇的
→ adv.好奇地
14.profession n.行业,职业;同行;宣称,声明→ adj.专业的;职业的n.专业人员
15.interaction n.互动;互相作用→ vi.交流;沟通;合作;相互影响;相互作用
16.membership n.(统称)会员,会员人数;会员资格→ n.成员,会员
17.advertising n.广告活动,广告业→ n.广告,启事;广告活动,广告宣传→ vt.& vi.做广告,登广告;公布,征聘;展现,宣传
→ n.广告商
18.persuasion n.说服,劝说;信仰→ vt.说服;使信服
19.psychology n.心理,心理特征;心理学→ adj.心理的;精神上的;心理学的→ adv.心理上地;心理学地
20.memorable adj.难忘的,值得纪念的→ n.记忆,记忆力;内存
→ vt.记忆;记住
amuse vt.(提供)消遣;逗笑→ adj.好笑的;有乐趣的
→ adj.逗乐的;觉得好笑的→ n.愉悦;娱乐
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1.很多,许多
2.发生
3.例如,比如
4.揭露,披露
5.总结,概括
6.be committed to
7.mount up
8.break out
9.rely on
10.take...for example
11.迅速出现,突然兴起
12.被传达,被理解,把……讲清楚
13.(使)增添乐趣;使更艳丽
14.住宅区,住宅群
15.换句话说
16.hand in hand
17.have an effect on
18.be likely to do sth.
19.make a difference
20.in addition to
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Blessed with peaceful landscape and distinctive traditions, Ireland (witness) millions of visitors coming to appreciate the breathtaking scenery here every year.
2. (absorb) in her book, she was unaware of things happening around.
3.Another aspect worthy mention is that journalists may approach information they get from research or interviews differently.
4.To satisfy my (curious), I opened my father’s drawer the other day.
5.Robert, (accuse) of theft in a supermarket, might face the result of being arrested and put into prison.
6.Exposed to so many (advertise), we can’t help being persuaded into buying something we don’t really need.
7.No money can be spent on the (construct) and operation of the shopping mall.
8.I jumped with joy the moment I (receive) my driver’s license.
9.I find necessary to do everything we can to protect the environment.
10.At the end of the class, the students drew a (conclude) that experience as well as interest is the best teacher.
11.Living in the same village together with dozens your relatives proved to be great.
12.The less advertisements you see, the less you’ll be persuaded (purchase) things you don’t need.
13.As a talented and (commit) scientist, Huang Danian devoted himself to his research into geophysics.
14.Students are encouraged to develop (criticize) thinking instead of accepting opinions without questioning them.
15.Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face (interact) and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
(2025·吉林长春·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Argentine Federico Demarco, a postgraduate student studying in China, is traveling even further along the path of understanding dialects (方言) in Shanghai. The first Argentine 1 (pass) HSK 6, the Chinese-language fluency test’s highest level, Demarco is researching a dialect spoken in Shanghai’s Jinshan district.
Marrying a woman from Shanghai, Demarco became fluent in the main Shanghai dialect while living abroad with his wife. When he relocated to Shanghai in 2018, he 2 (drive) to explore variants beyond the city’s center by his 3 (curious) about Chinese dialects, making him uncover the lesser-known dialect spoken in Jinshan located an hour away from downtown Shanghai. 4 (partner) Jinshan resident Feng Xuanxin, Demarco began documenting the dialect’s nuances (细微差别) through field research in rural villages 5 systematically made recordings and notes of pronunciations of words and cultural traditions. The pair took long car trips to and from Jinshan on 6 incredibly frequent basis.
With his 7 (type) South American looks, locals are always surprised when Demareo speaks near-perfect Jinshan dialect. He also posts videos on a social media platform, which 8 (attract) hundreds of thousands of views so far, explaining different aspects of the dialect, Now, he’s planning to turn their research on the language during the past four years 9 a book on the Jinshan dialect. “We want to preserve the dialect 10 local knowledge disappears,” Demarco said.
(2025·浙江·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Trends come and go as time flies. You may know what’s trendy now, but what about the 1 (fashion) costumes or makeup of the ancient times You may get some clues from the videos produced by Zhu Ruoxuan, who 2 (name) one of the top 100 content creators in January by Bilibili, 3 leading video-sharing platform in China.
4 (Bear) in 1998, Zhu began sharing her life through videos on Bilibili in 2019, initially focusing on videos that showed popular makeup from the ancient China to modern times. It wasn’t until 2021 5 she gained widespread recognition thanks to a video depicting the evolution of the ordinary Chinese women’s 6 (appear) and mindset from the 1920s to the 2020s.
In the video, she imitated the facial expressions of women from different time periods, capturing their uncertainty in the 1920s, their helplessness 7 (arise) from the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931–45), and their confidence 8 female workers in the 1950s after the founding of the People’s Republic of China.
Despite a lack of formal acting training, Zhu studied women in old photos and movies 9 (imitate) their expressions, striving for accuracy. Over time, Zhu’s videos has shifted to an even 10 (great) focus on women, exploring other changes in women’s images from the past to the present. “I think it’s a necessary growth both for myself and my creation,” she said.
考点二 Unit 2 Sports Culture词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. n. 团结,齐心协力 42. vt. &vi. 倒,斟;倾倒,倒出;涌流,倾泻;下大雨
2. abbr. 公元前 43. 欢天喜地,得意扬扬
3. vi. 参加,参与 44. 正确客观地看待
4. vi. 参加比赛;竞争 45. n. 名人;名望
5. adj. 种族的;种族间的 46. n. 对手,竞争者;反对者
6. adj. 多种多样的,不同的 47. n. 谦逊,谦虚
7. adj. 联合的,共同的 n. 关节;接合处 48. n. 高雅,文雅;优美,风度,体面
8. vt. 激励,激发;成为…的动机,是…的原因 49. n. 尊严;自尊;高贵
9. n. (pl. mottoes, mottos) 格言,座右铭 50. n. 大雪橇(供两人或两人以上比赛用)
10. n. 边界,分界线 51. adj. 无私的,忘我的
11. vt. 表现,表露;证实,证明;示范,演示 vi.游行示威 52. n. 习语,成语
12. adv. 以后,后来 53. 偶然来到,无意中处于
13. vi. 接着做,继而做;继续从事(或进行);行进,前往 54. n. 联赛;等级,级别
14. n. 火焰,火舌 55. adj. 对抗的;相反的
15. vt. & vi. 称赞,赞许;鼓掌 56. 球网;网,网状物
16. 田径运动 57. 改变条件(或规则)
17. adj. 一致的,始终如一的;连续的 58. n. 保险业;保险;保险费
18. 正式邀请某人做某事;请求某人做某事 59. n. 售货员,推销员
19. n.(统称)人,人类;人性;人道,仁慈 60. vi. & vt. 抱怨,投诉
20. vi. & vt. 属于某等级,把…分等级;排列,使排成行 n. 地位,级别;等级;排,列;军衔 61. 进乌龙球;无意中做对自己不利的事
21. n. 趋势,趋向 62. adv. 无意地,非故意地
22. n. (hurdles)跨栏赛;栏架;障碍 63. n. 政务委员会,地方议会;市政服务机构;委员会
23. n. 选举,推选;当选 64. n. 产生事与愿违的不良(或危险)后果
24. n.(重要事件、人物等的)到来,出现 65. n.棒球场;变动范围
25. n. 信心;宗教信仰 66. 差不多
26. n. 追求的目标,夙愿;野心,雄心,壮志 67. 大致的估计
27. vi. & vt. 上升,升高,登高 68. n. 活动场地
28. adj. 完全同样的 69. n. 曲线球
29. adj. 同伴的,同情况的,同类的 n. 同辈,同类;男人,家伙 70. 给某人出难题
30. n. 接力赛 vt. 转发(信息、消息等);播放,转播 71. vt.处理,应付;控制,操纵 n. 把手,拉手;柄
31. n. 胸部;大箱子 72. 三振出局
32. n. 面颊,脸颊 73. n. 拳,拳头
33. n. 半程马拉松赛跑 74. n. 腰,腰部;(衣服的)腰部
34. n. 业余运动员,业余爱好者;生手,外行 adj. 业余的 75. 不公正的,伤人的
35. n. 踝,踝关节 76. adj. 刻毒伤人的;残酷的
36. adv. 逐渐地,逐步地 77. n. 谈论,言论vi. & vt. 说起,评论
37. n. 一段时间,一场;会议,开庭;学年 78. n. 毛巾,抹布,纸巾
38. n. 限度,限制;极限,限量;界限 vt. 限制,限定;限量,减量 79. 认输,承认失败
39. n. 马拉松赛跑;马拉松式的活动(或工作) 80. adv. 真正地,确实地;按字面,字面上
40. n.(委员会的)委员长,主席;(会议的)主席,主持人 81. n. 铁;熨斗
41. n. 体质,身体素质;宪法,章程
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1.participate vi.参与,参加→ n.参加,参与→ n.参与者
2.compete vi.参加比赛;竞争→ n.竞争;比赛→ adj.竞争的;有竞争性的→ n.竞争者
3.racial adj.种族的;种族间的→ n.种族;比赛
4.diverse adj.多种多样的;不同的→ n.多样性;多种多样
5.motivate vt.激励,激发;成为……的动机,是……的原因→ n.动机
6.demonstrate vt.表现,表露;证实,证明;示范,演示 vi.游行示威→ n.表现,表达;证实,证明;示范,演示;游行示威
7.applaud vt.& vi.称赞,赞许;鼓掌→ n.鼓掌
8.election n.选举,推选;当选→ vt.选择;选举某人
9.faith n.信任;信心;信念;宗教信仰→ adj.忠实的;守信的
→ adv.忠实地
10.ambition n.追求的目标,夙愿;雄心,野心,壮志→ adj.有雄心的,有野心的
11.gradually adv.逐渐地,逐步地→ adj.逐渐的,逐步的
12.limit n.限度,限制;限额,限量;界限 vt.限制,限定;限量,减量→ adj.有限的→ adj.无限的 → n.范围;限制
13.opponent n.对手,竞争者;反对者→ adj.对抗的;相反的
→ adj.强烈反对的;截然不同的
14.unselfish adj.无私的,忘我的→ adj.自私的 → adj.无私的→ n.自私自利→ n.无私,忘我
15.complain vi.& vt.抱怨,投诉→ n.不满;抱怨;埋怨;投诉
16.unintentionally adv.无意地,非故意地→ n.打算;计划;意图;目的
→ adj.故意的;有意的;存心的→ adv.故意地,有意地
17.cruel adj.刻毒伤人的,残酷的→ n.残忍;残酷→ adv.残酷地;残忍地
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1.田径运动
2.正式邀请某人做某事;请求某人做某事
3.every four years
4.die out
5.participate in
6.give birth to
7.be identical to
8.reflect on
9.pick up
10.raise money
11.欢天喜地,得意扬扬
12.正确客观地看待
13.偶然来到,无意中处于
14.改变条件(或规则)
15.进乌龙球;无意中做让自己吃亏的事
16.差不多,大致相近的估计
17.给某人出难题
18.三振出局
19.不公正的,伤人的
20.认输,承认失败
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.He kept regular exercise and his health was improved (gradual).
2.Through the “Stories of China Retold in English” activity, more young Chinese will (motivate) to boost their cultural confidence.
3.Data showed that Shanghai was home to 7,857 cafes as of June 30, (rank) first among cities in China.
4.They are anxious (demonstrate) to the voters that they have practical policies.
5.We (complain) bitterly about the food when the teacher came and brought pizza and roast chicken.
6.Known as Tianshui Malatang, which (literal) means spicy and hot, the local dish is popular for its large portion of skewered meat, vegetables, and hand-made potato noodles in a pot of boiling broth (肉汤).
7.Mr. Brown won by a greater majority in this (elect) than in the last.
8.They couldn’t give a (consist) explanation.
9.To any neighboring countries, border issues, unless (handle) properly, will directly affect the relationship between them and even lead to conflicts.
10.China is one of the world’s most biologically (diversity) countries.
11.Her (ambitious) is to become an artist after graduation.
12.Many a successful person has faced many fears, made many mistakes, and intended to throw the towel countless times.
13.Although the result of this exam is not as good as you expected, you can’t lose faith yourself.
14.There is a need to adapt to new technology if we want to be (compete) in today's world.
15.He is said (possess) a fortune of more than two and a half thousand million dollars.
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
(2025·山东泰安·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Weight management has stimulated widespread interest in China, prompting various regions to take diverse measures and establish specialized clinics. Striking data shows that 19% of minors 1 (age) 6-17 and 10% of children under 6 are overweight or obese, with half of adults sharing the same problem, highlighting the 2 (urgent) of the issue.
In response, Peking University People’s Hospital takes the lead by forming a multidisciplinary (多学科) team devoted mainly 3 solving diseases caused by obesity. Since 2017, its medical weight loss clinic has provided holistic treatment, covering lifestyle adjustment, medications, and surgeries. The treatment of obesity 4 (tailor) to each individual and a precise plan is developed based on a thorough assessment of their condition, integrating medical care with lifestyle management 5 (help) patients reduce pounds and prevent weight regain.
To further support patients, 6 concept of a health-focused weight loss camp has been introduced. This camp offers physical assessments, personalized weight loss plans, 7 education on scientific weight management. It also emphasizes the cultivation of healthy eating and exercise habits, 8 are crucial for long-term weight control and the prevention treatment of obesity-related diseases.
9 (recognize) that weight management is a long-term process, the camp fosters group interactions, allowing patients to 10 (active) find weight loss partners and encourage each other on their journey to a healthy weight.
(2025·广西·三模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Even as temperatures kept dropping in China’s northeastern “ice city” of Harbin, excitement rose among a group of swimmers who enjoy jumping into 1 (freeze) waters.
The daily event, known as ice swimming, is 2 winter tradition in Harbin. Swimmers train daily throughout the year 3 (get) their bodies ready for the unusual swim.
One of the swimmers was Chen Xia. She came from Zhejiang province about 1,700 kilometres further south. She decided to jump into the river even though she had a cold. Chen said in the city 4 she lives, the winter waters are warmer than those in Harbin. She said the experience strengthened her 5 (confident) in winter swimming. She has been taking part in the activity for about 20 years.
Yu Xiaofeng lives in Harbin, a city that 6 (sit) near the border with Russia. The 61-year-old said winter swimming in the city dates back 7 the 1970s. At that time, locals saw Russian Orthodox religious (宗教的) believers being baptized (给……施洗礼) in the river. Later in 1983, an official winter swimming group 8 (establish) in Harbin.
The city also holds an ongoing winter celebration known for 9 (it) huge, detailed ice and snow sculptures. Winter swimming is considered a sport in China. But it gained popularity much 10 (fast) in Harbin than in other parts of the country. Today, Yu said the city is considered a “holy land” for winter swimming.
考点三Unit 3 Fit for Life词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. n. 外科医生 46. n. 橡胶;橡皮
2. n. 医师,内科医生 47. adj. 外向的
3. n. 药剂师,药商;化学家 48. adj. 感激的,表示感谢的
4. n. 牙科医生 49. adj. 有残疾的,丧失能力的
5. vi.专门研究(或从事),专攻 50. n. 缺陷,障碍
6. n. 基因 51. adj. 传统的,习惯的;依照惯例的,遵循习俗的
7. adj. 改变游戏规则的(指彻底改变事态发展的) 52. n. 皮革
8. n. 基因组,染色体组 53. adj. 感觉的,感官的
9. n. 细胞 54. n. 专利,专利证书 adj. 有专利的,受专利保护的
10. n. 生物;存在;身心 55. vt. 增加,刺激;给…提供燃料 n. 燃料
11. n. 寿命,有效期 56. vt. 使不安;打扰;搅乱
12. vt. 影响;侵袭,使感染;深深打动 57. vt. 应付,处理,解决
13. vt. 感染疾病;与…订立合同(契约);(使)收缩n. 合同,合约 58. adv. 积极地,果断地;正面相撞地 adj. 迎头相撞的;正面反对的
14. n. 病毒;(计算机程序中的)病毒 59. 竭尽全力做某事,不遗余力做某事
15. n. 癌症;邪恶,毒瘤 60. vt. &vt. 调整,调节;适应,习惯;整理
16. vt. 找到,发现;确认,认出;显示,说明身份 61. n. (AmE centimeter)厘米
17. vi. & vt. 联系,使有联系;叙述,讲述 62. n. 针刺疗法
18. 涉及;与……相关 63. n. 针;注射针;指针
19. n. (pl. means)方法,方式;财富,钱财 64. n. 证据,证明;物证,人证 vt. 证明,表明
20. vt. 删去,删除 65. 追溯到,始于,自…至今
21. vt. 恢复;修复;使复原,使复位 66. adj. 实心的;固体的;结实的;纯色的
22. adv. 最终;根本上 67. vi. & vt. 转变;交换;调班 n. 开关,闸;转变,改变
23. adj. 反常的,畸形的 68. adj. 不生锈的
24. n. 武器,手段;兵器 69. n. 钢;钢铁工业
25. adj. 十分重大的,根本的;基础的,基本的 n. 基本规律,根本法则,基础 70. n. (AmE millimeter) 毫米
26. n. 发生的速度,节奏;步速;快节奏 vi. & vt. 来回踱步,走来走去;确定速度,调整节奏 71. n. 私人诊所;门诊部;门诊时间
27. vi. (arose,arisen)发生,出现;(由…)引起,(因…)产生 72. vt. 检查,检验;审查,调查;考,测试;审问
28. vt.限制,限定;束缚,妨碍;约束,管束 73. n. 舌头;语言
29. vt.(尤指以法令)禁止;使不可能 74. n. 脉搏 vi. 搏动,跳动;洋溢着
30. 禁止某人做某事 75. n. 手腕,腕关节
31. n. 抵抗力;抵制,反对;抵抗,反抗 76. n. 器官;风琴;机构,机关
32. n. 流行性感冒,流感 77. adj. 十分严重的,极为恶劣的;严厉的;艰难的
33. n. 特征,特点 adj.典型的,独特的 78. n. 焦虑;担心;渴望
34. vi. & vt. 奋力对付,努力处理;摔跤 79. vt. 滥用;虐待;辱骂 n. 滥用;虐待;辱骂
35. 努力处理,全力解决 80. n. 酒精,酒
36. 准备就绪 81. n. 烟草
37. vt.&vi. 讨论,辩论;仔细考虑,思考 n. 讨论,争论;辩论 82. n. 毒品;药物
38. 毫无疑问,的确 83. n. (pl. phenomena)现象
39. n. 调查发现,研究结果 84. n. 物质;要点
40. adj. 成熟的;时机成熟的 85. n. 象征;符号,代号
41. 高龄 86. adj. 分布广的,普遍的,广泛的
42. vi. & vt. (withdrew, withdrawn) 脱离(社会),不与人交往;(使)撤离;(使)退出;停止提供 87. n. 绷带
43. vt. 配备;使有能力 88. n. 传染,感染
44. adj. 人工的,人造的;人为的;虚假的 89. n. 部门,局,系
45. n. 肢,臂,腿
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1.affect vt.影响;侵袭,使感染;深深打动→ n.喜爱;影响
2.identify vt.找到,发现;确认,认出;显示,说明身份→ n.识别;鉴定;确认
3.abnormal adj.反常的,畸形的→ adj.正常的,标准的
4.arise vi.发生,出现;(由……)引起,(因……)产生→(过去式) →(过去分词)
5.prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止;使不可能→ n.禁止;禁令
6.resistance n.抵抗力;抵制,反对;抵抗,反抗→ v.抵抗;抗拒
→ adj.抵抗的,反抗的
withdraw vi.& vt.脱离(社会),不与人交往;(使)撤回;(使)退出;停止提供
→(过去式) →(过去分词)
equip vt.配备;使有能力→(过去式) →(过去分词)
→ n.设备
9.grateful adj.感激的,表示感谢的→ n.感谢;感激
10.disabled adj.有残疾的,丧失能力的→ n.缺陷,障碍
11.disturb vt.使不安;打扰;搅乱→ adj.令人不安的;烦扰的
12.adjust vt.& vi.调整,调节;适应,习惯;整理→ n.调整;调节
→ adj.可调节的
13.evidence n.证据,证明;物证,人证vt.证明,表明→ adj.明显的
14.examine vt.检查,检验;审查,调查;考,测试;审问→ n.考试;检查;查问
15.severe adj.十分严重的,极为恶劣的;严厉的;艰难的→ adv.严重地;严厉地
16.anxiety n.焦虑;担心;渴望→ adj.焦虑的;担忧的;渴望的;急切的
17.alcohol n.酒精,酒→ adj.酒精的;含酒精的
18.phenomenon n.现象→ n.现象(复数)
19.infection n.传染,感染→ adj.被感染的→ adj.传染的;易传染的
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1.play a critical role in
2.catch a certain virus
3.an excellent sense of hearing
4.serve as...
5.relate to
6.禁止某人做某事
7.努力处理,全力解决
8.准备就绪
9.毫无疑问,的确
10.高龄
11.采取措施做某事
12.竭尽全力做某事,不遗余力做某事
13.追溯到,始于,自……至今
14.代替;取代
15.到目前为止;直到现在
16.fuel concerns
17.come up with
18.switch to
19.in addition to
20.a symbol of
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
16.His shortage of experience is an extremely bad _____________(disable).
17.One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human _________ (resist) to colds and flus.
18.We consider it necessary that the instrument ___________(adjust) each time it is used.
19.____________(affect)with high fever, he continued with his work.
20.Of the 1.1 million insect species worldwide so far, scientists___________(identify) 1,700 as eatable species.
21.The___________(infect)seems quite mild, so she should be better soon.
22.Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a______(disable).
23.There has been a lot of________(resist)to this new change.
24.We need to explain why these issues are important and relate them ________ everyday life.
25.The function of the logo is _________(identify) your products and make them differ from others.
26.Nina was ________ because there had been several ________ phone calls. (disturb)
27.You don’t have to get college education but the experience _______(relate) to the job is essential (必要的).
28.White has always been ________ symbol of purity in Western cultures.
29.I can understand your ___________ (anxious), but please try not to worry.
30.The train was delayed due to ________ (normal) weather conditions.
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
(2025·湖南长沙·一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For centuries, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) 1 (rely) on the wisdom of ancient texts and the hands-on expertise of 2 (experience) practitioners (行医者), but now 3 unexpected partner is stepping in — artificial intelligence (AI).
4 China increasing efforts to digitize and modernize its TCM industry, many are asking: Can cutting-edge technology 5 (lock) new potential in this ancient healing system
On March 20, the Chinese central government released new guidelines 6 (design) to enhance the quality of TCM and promote its high-quality development. A key initiative of the plan is to integrate AI and digital technologies across the industry, building smart 7 (factory), developing AI-driven models to assess the clinical effectiveness of TCM, 8 transforming traditional therapeutic knowledge into scientific evidence.
It’s a bold move for a field rooted in concepts like “qi”, or vital energy, and the balance of yin and yang— ideas 9 have long resisted easy explanation through modern scientific frameworks. Yet, some experts believe AI could be the key to 10 (bridge) this gap.
(2025·河南·模拟预测)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式, 并将答案填写在答题卡上。
World Traditional Medicine Day, 1 (celebrate) on October 22, is a day 2 was established by the World Health Organization in 1991 through the Beijing Declaration, with the aim of rescuing, preserving, promoting and widely spreading the knowledge of medicine, treatments and traditional practices. Through this agreement, member states of the United Nations 3 (require) to promote policies that guarantee the safe and effective use of traditional medicines.
Traditional Medicine is a broad term referring 4 both traditional Chinese, Indian, Western, Arabic medicine, 5 various forms of native medicine. It involves the use of medicines based on herbs, animal parts or minerals.
Traditional Medicine has maintained its 6 (popular) throughout the world. Since 7 1990s, there has been a comeback of its use in many developing countries. In Africa, up to 80% of the population uses Traditional Medicine 8 (help) meet their health needs. In Asia and Latin America, populations continue to use Traditional Medicine as a result of historical circumstances and cultural beliefs. In China, it 9 (account) for around 40% of healthcare.
In many developed countries, Traditional Medicine is also becoming increasingly popular. The percentage of the population 10 (use) it at least once is 48% in Australia, 70% in Canada, 42% in the USA, 38% in Belgium and 75% in France.
考点四Unit 4 Living with technology词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. n. 城堡 45. vt. 监视,跟踪调查;监听 n. 显示屏;监测器;班长
2. (建)空中楼阁,幻想,空想 46. n. (AmE license)许可证,执照
3. n. 输入的信息;投入 vt. (input,input)输入(信息) 47. n. 体育场,运动场
4. n. 领悟(或理解、办事)能力;容量,容积;职位,职责;生产量 48. n. 最好(或最精彩)的部分vt. 突出,强调,使醒目
5. (AmE analyze) vt.分析 49. n. 小塑料容器;(装药的)胶囊;太空舱
6. adj. 巨大的,大而重的;非常严重的 50. vt. 埋藏;埋葬,安葬;覆盖;遮盖;使陷入
7. n. 网络,网状系统;关系网,人际网;(互联)网络 51. n. 喷泉,涌流;喷水池;源泉,丰富来源
8. vt. 创造(新词语) 52. 自来水笔
9. n. 重大进展,突破 adj. 突破性的 53. adj. 当代的,现代的;属同时期的,同一时代的n. 同代人,同辈人
10. n. 财政,金融;资金,财力,财务管理vt.提供资金 54. n. 种子;起源,起因
11. (表示列举)等等 55. n. 小麦,小麦粒
12. adj. 自主的,有自主权的;自治的 56. adj.肌肉的;强壮的
13. adj. 家庭的,家务的;本国的,国内的 57. vt. & vi. 断定,推断出;达成,订立;(使)结束,终止
14. vt. 危及,对…构成威胁;威胁,恐吓 58. adj.合乎情理的,事出有因的;有正当理由的
15. vt. 犯(罪);承诺,保证;花(钱或时间)vi. 全身心投入,忠于 59. n. 优越感;优越性,优势
16. n. 罪,罪行;犯罪活动 60. adj.虚拟的,模拟的;很接近的,事实上的
17. vt. & n. 谋杀,凶杀 61. 处于最前列,进入重要地位
18. vt. 敦促,催促;大力推荐,竭力主张;驱赶,鞭策n. 冲动,强烈的欲望 62. n. 定义;释义,解释
19. vt. 造成,产生;提问,质询 vi. 摆好姿势 n. 姿势 63. n. 头戴式耳机
20. adv. 显然,可见 64. n. 传感器,敏感元件
21. n. 警告,先兆;警戒 65. adj. 实际的,真实的;切实可行的;有用的;实事求是的
22. vt. 需要;强烈要求 n. 要求,所需之物;需求,需要 66. 许多,大量
23. n. 受害者,牺牲品;受骗者;祭品 67. adj. 教学的,学术的;学习良好的;纯理论的
24. 受伤,受损,被害 68. adj.(计算机系统或图像)沉浸式虚拟现实的
25. adj. 贪心的,贪婪的 69. vt. & vi. 吸引住(注意力、兴趣);雇佣,聘用;与…建立密切关系
26. n. 识别,认出;承认,认可;赞誉,赏识 70. n. 双胞胎之一;一对相像的事物之一 adj. 双胞胎之一的;成对的,成双的
27. n. 数据库 71. n. 好像一模一样的人,复制品;克隆动物(或植物) vt. 克隆,以无性繁殖技术复制
28. n. 可供选择的事物 adj. 可供替代的;非传统的 72. n. 障碍,阻力;屏障,障碍物;分界线,隔阂
29. n. 黑客 73. 归结为,基本问题是
30. n. 偷窃,偷窃罪 74. vt. 对…微调
31. 强行闯入,撬开;突然开始(笑、唱等);顺利打入 75. adj. 最初的,开始的 n. 首字母
32. adj. 有自动保险装置的,具有自动防止故障性能的 76. adj. 乐观的,抱乐观看法的
33. n. 无人驾驶飞机 77. vt. 使恼怒,使生气;打扰,骚扰
34. n. 分发,分送;分配,分布 78. n. 杂草,野草
35. vt. 预言,预告 79. 大量地
36. vt. & vi. 减少,降低 n. 减少,降低 80. adj. 使用最先进技术(或方法)的,最先进的
37. vt. 否认,否定;拒绝承认,拒绝接受 81. n. 球体,球状体;地球仪;地球,世界
38. n. 数量,大量 82. n. 人造卫星,卫星
39. 大量,大批 83. n. 费用;开销,开支
40. n. 航空公司 84. 在牺牲(或损害)…的情况下
41. n. 构成威胁的人(或事物);威胁,恐吓;凶兆 85. n. 性别
42. vi. 从事间谍活动;突然看见 n. 间谍 86. n. & vt. 羡慕,忌妒
43. 暗中监视,窥探 87. n. 酒吧,酒馆
44. adj. 不合法的,非法的
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1.finance n.财政,金融;资金;财力,财务管理 vt.提供资金→ adj.金融的;财政的,财务的
2.threaten vt.危及,对……构成威胁;威胁,恐吓→ n.威胁,恐吓
3.crime n.罪,罪行;犯罪活动→ n.罪犯
4.urge vt.敦促,催促;大力推荐,竭力主张;驱赶,鞭策 n.冲动,强烈的欲望
→ adj.紧急的;急迫的
5.demand vt.需要;强烈要求 n.要求,所需之物;需求,需要→ adj.(工作)要求高的,费力的;(人)苛求的
6.greedy adj.贪心的,贪婪的→ n.贪婪,贪心
7.recognition n.识别,认出;承认,认可;赞誉,赏识→ vt.认出,识别;承认
8.distribution n.分发,分送;分配,分布→ vt.分配;散布;分开;把……分类
9.predict vt.预言,预告→ n.预报;预言
10.conclude vt.& vi.断定,推断出;达成,订立;(使)结束,终止→ n.结论;结局;推论
11.justified adj.合乎情理的,事出有因的;有正当理由的→ vt.证明……正当;替……辩护
12.engage vt.& vi.吸引住(注意力、兴趣等);雇佣,聘用;与……建立密切关系
→ n.婚约;约会;诺言
13.optimistic adj.乐观的,抱乐观看法的→ n.乐观;乐观主义
14.globe n.球体,球状物;地球仪;地球,世界→ adj.全球的;总体的;球形的
15.envy n.& vt.羡慕,忌妒→ adj.羡慕的;嫉妒的
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1.空中楼阁,幻想,空想
2.略举几例
3.受伤,受损,被害
4.强行闯入,撬开;突然开始(笑、唱等);顺利打入
5.come true
6.be capable of doing sth.
7.put forward
8.amounts of
9.in short
10.become/be dependent on
11.大量,大批
12.暗中监视,窥探
13.处于最前列,进入重要地位
14.许多,大量
15.归结为,基本问题是
16.大量地
17.在牺牲(或损害)……的情况下
18.interact with
19.a variety of
20.be optimistic about
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Walking in the street deep into the night, he was aware of the_________(threaten) from the man following him.
2.The city has been built up really fast; It has changed beyond ________ (recognize).
3.He tied her up and ______ (threat) her with a six-inch knife.
4.They were justified________ turning down our proposal. (在……方面是有道理的)
5.The Government’s sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first ________(predict) it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.
6.If I hadn’t been faced with so many ________(barrier), I wouldn’t be where I am.
7.The building project will __________(finance) by the government.
8.She felt fully________(justify) in asking for her money back.
9.I found him ________ (bury) in the book and left quietly.
10.Chinese vaccines have gained wide ________ (recognize) from the international community.
11.Technology________(predict) to play an even more important role in our lives in the future.
12.His ______(academy) performance is well above average, but he is still humble and helpful.
13.The policeman demanded of us________ (tell) him everything about the accident.
14.Your watch will be repaired for free if it is still ________ guarantee.
15.He would never allow his daughter to get engaged ________ an unworthy man.
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
(2025·安徽合肥·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On January 27th, stock markets in America and Europe shook violently. DeepSeek’s “V3” and “R1” models, 1 powerful capabilities astonished investors, had an impact. Nvidia, a key chip-maker in the AI rush, 2 (see)its value drop by $600bn.
Blocked by U. S. export controls from using top chips, DeepSeek found 3 innovative way to make existing chips work wonders and created models as excellent as 4 of Google and OpenAI, but at a 5 (significant)lower cost.
Sam Altman, head of OpenAI, has always said the U. S. approach to AI development, which requires massive amounts of capital and super-strong computing power, is money-intensive. This has led many investors 6 (anticipate)that only a few companies would control the market and make huge profits. But now, those profit expectations are 7 risk.
DeepSeek’s success challenges this view by showing 8 competition and innovation will make AI cheaper and the ease with which DeepSeek found 9 (great)efficiency will stimulate competition. The real winners will be consumers. For AI to transform society, it needs to be cheap, accessible and uncontrolled by any single country or corporation. DeepSeek’s success suggests that such a world is 10 .(imagine)
(2025·重庆·三模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On Saturday, humanoid robots raced against humans for the first time in a half-marathon in Beijing, China. After about 2 hours and 40 minutes, the Tien Kung Ultra robot, 1 (develop) by China’s National and Local Co-built Embodied AI Robotics Innovation Center, became the first to cross the finish line .
The robots 2 (accompany) by human trainers, who sometimes had to physically support the machines during the race. The robots started sequentially at one-minute intervals following a gunshot signal. Supply stations are set up along the track, 3 teams can replace batteries for robots. Interestingly, the only robot 4 a humanoid face, called “Huanhuan,” fell during preparations but continued the race after 5 (check).
The winning robot, Tiangong Ultra, finished in 2 hours and 40 minutes — 6 long way to go before it can surpass the men’s winner who finished in 1 hour and 2 minutes. The race drew 7 (crowd) of spectators, who brought professional filming equipment 8 (capture) the moment of the world’s first robot half-marathon.
Although humanoid robots 9 ( make) appearances at marathons in China over the past year, this was the first time they had competed alongside humans. Ren Yawei from theNational and Local Co-built Embodied AI Robotics Innovation Center explained that they had previously made great efforts to ensure the humanoid robot could complete the race efficiently and 10 (steady). The event proved robots’ potential in real-world applications, boosting China’s leadership in the humanoid robot industry.
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