2026年高考英语第一轮复习(全国通用)第06讲选修三词汇(词性转换,短语词组固定搭配,词汇综合检测)(讲义)(学生版+教师版)

资源下载
  1. 二一教育资源

2026年高考英语第一轮复习(全国通用)第06讲选修三词汇(词性转换,短语词组固定搭配,词汇综合检测)(讲义)(学生版+教师版)

资源简介

第06讲 选修三词汇
目录
01 考情解码·命题预警 2
02 体系构建·思维可视 3
03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 4
考点一 Unit 1 Wish You were Here 4
知识点1 读单词、识词义 4
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 6
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 7
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 7
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 8
考点二 Unit 2 Out of This World 13
知识点1 读单词、识词义 13
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 14
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 15
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 16
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 18
考点三 Unit 3 Back to the Past 21
知识点1 读单词、识词义 21
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 21
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 23
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 24
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 26
考点四Unit 4 Protecting Our Heritage Sites 30
知识点1 读单词、识词义 31
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 31
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 32
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 32
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 37
教材词汇 课标词汇 2025:spare , count on; fire (熟词生义);company; permission;uncomfortable;cut; 2024:confirm;guidance(派生词);digital; professionally(派生词) 2023:rental,erase,statistician,bimonthly; fiberglass, ecosystem,checkpoint; mind(n.-v.); leaf(n.-v.); tear(n.-v.); average(n.-v.); touch(v.-n.); 新高考词汇难度增大。2025年新高考I卷为例,不包含听力部分和问题部分,总词数便达2600词。其中包括很多派生词。新高考II卷包含听力部分试卷总词数达2904词。读后续写部分要求读写结合,需要更多的词汇积累和输出。这个数词基本与2024年持平,但对于词汇的活用有增无减。在备考中,应当注重掌握课标,扩充课外阅读量。 稳中有升增加对熟词生义的考查。 适度考查一些学生不常接触的高考词汇。 加大了对构词法的考查力度。 全面考查词汇在语境中灵活运用的能力,如情境意识、同义转换和概要思维能力。
复习目标:以新课标词汇为依据,新教材单词表为蓝本,以近三年新高考真题为导向,在一轮词汇复习中夯实词汇基础,并反复积累,运用构词法扩大词汇量并在大量的语篇阅读中迁移词汇运用能力,大胆猜测熟词的生义并积累地道的搭配和习惯用语。
考点一Unit 1 Wish You were Here词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. adj. 盛开的,开花的* 45. n. 一件商品(或物品);项目
2. vi. & vt. 开花;展开,打开;展示,展现 46. adj. 雅致的,精美的;优美的,文雅的
3. adv. 从种族上* 47. 去,前往
4. adj. 截然不同的,有区别的,不同种类的;清楚的,清晰的 48. n. 雕像,雕塑
5. n. (加拿大)地区;领土,领地;领域 49. n. 纪念物,纪念品*
6. n. 山谷,溪谷 50. n. 文物,古董. adj. 古老的,古董的
7. vt. 侵蚀,冲刷;雕,刻 51. n. 花瓶,装饰瓶
8. n. 冰川* 52. n. 家具
9. adj. 巨大的,非凡的;强而有力的 53. n. 沙丘*
10. adj. 壮丽的,雄伟的;极佳的,非常好的 54. n. 山羊
11. 除了…外(还),此外;除了…外(都),要不是 55. n. 决心,决定;决议;解决
12. adj. 城市的,城镇的 56. n. 细粒,颗粒;谷物
13. n. 祖宗,祖先;原种 57. (阳光)强烈照射,曝晒
14. adj. 本地的,土生土长的* 58. vi. 形成对比. vt. 对比,对照. n. 差异,差别;对照物
15. n. 海峡,水道 59. n. 光线,射线
16. n. 少数民族,少数群体;少数,少数人 60. n. 骆驼
17. n. 烹饪,风味;饭菜,菜肴 61. vi. & vt. 咀嚼,嚼碎;咬住
18. adj. (事物)有活力的;动态的,发展变化的;充满活力的 62. vi. & vt. (使)饿死,(使)挨饿
19. vt. 尝,品尝,体验;抽样检验n. 样本,样品;取样 63. n. 烤架;户外烧烤
20. 不落俗套,打破常规;远离闹市,偏远 64. n. 离开,起程
21. n. 小提琴* 65. n. 泥,淤泥
22. adj. 凯尔特人的,凯尔特语的* 66. n. 国界,边界. vi. & vt. 与…接壤
23. 不足为奇,毫不奇怪 67. n. 停车;停车位
24. n. 最深处;深(度);深刻;深厚 68. n. (简陋的)小屋,棚屋*
25. n. 郊区,城外 69. n. 砖块;积木
26. adj. 植物学的 70. vt. 遍布;使布满,点缀;加点n. 点*
27. adj. 克洛维斯的* 71. vi. & vt. 拍打,摆动;振翅*
28. n. 厚层;毛毯 72. n. 火腿,火腿肉
29. n. 冰球运动,冰上曲棍球;曲棍球* 73. n. 香肠,腊肠
30. n. 侄女,外甥女 74. n. 串,束;大量
31. n. 幸福,福祉;福利 75. vt. (去)拿来,(去)请来
32. n. 住处 76. n. 私人物品,个人财产;具有,拥有
33. adj. 周围的,附近的 77. adv. 热切地,专注地
34. n. 融洽,和睦;和谐 78. n. 远足,徒步旅行. vi. & vt. 去…远足,做徒步旅行
35. vt. 使保持,使稳定持续;维持 79. adj. 令人惊叹的,使人惊惧的;很好的
36. n. 方式,方法;举止;礼貌 80. adj. 液体的,液态的. n. 液体
37. n. 消耗,消耗量;消费 81. adj. 北极的. n. 北极,北极地区*
38. n. 教堂;礼拜 82. n. 狐狸;狡猾的人
39. 可归结为,可归纳为 83. adj. 极地的;完全相反的
40. n. 行为规范,道德准则;法规,法典;密码* 84. n. 佳肴;谨慎;敏感
41. 着装规定 85. n. 羊羔肉;羔羊
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1.unfold vt.& vi.开花;展开,打开;展示,展现→ vt.折叠;对折
2.minority n.少数民族,少数群体;少数,少数人→ adj.较小的;次要的
→ adj.主要的 vi.主修→ n.大多数
3.depth n.最深处;深(度);深刻;深厚→ adj.深的;深厚的
4.surrounding adj.周围的,附近的→ v.包围;围绕→ n.环境
5.harmony n.融洽,和睦;和谐→ adj.和谐的
6.manner n.方式,方法;举止→ n.礼貌
7.consumption n.消耗,消耗量;消费→ v.消耗;消费
8.starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿,(使)饿死→ n.挨饿;饿死→ adj.饥饿的;挨饿的
9.departure n.离开,起程→ v.离开;起程;背离
10.parking n.停车;停车位→ v.停放;把……停在路边
11.possession n.私人物品,个人财产;具有,拥有→ v.具有,拥有
12.intently adv.热切地,专注地→ adj.热切的,专注的
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1.除了……外(还);除了……外(都),要不是
2.不落俗套,打破常规;远离闹市,偏远
3.不足为奇,毫不奇怪
4.可归结为,可归纳为
5.削减,缩减;减少
6.make up
7.be home to
8.a variety of
9.by means of
10.in turn
11.有……人口
12.出发;使爆炸;引发
13.与……对比
14.强烈照射,曝晒
15.陷入;困入
16.line up
17.be made out of
18.in the distance
19.for sure
20.next to
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of ________ (fetch) coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch...
2.The salesman brought some________(sample) of his firm’s products.
3.On our way ________ the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take to get there.
4.In the long run, the world economy must be________(sustain) and healthily rebalanced.
5.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, the price of________ was very reasonable.
6.In the office, I never seem to have time until after 5 pm, by________ time many people have gone home.
7.China’s Silk Road Economic Belt, once________(accomplish), will quicken the economic growth of the provinces along the route.
8.The teacher had her________(read)the article again.
9.Health-conscious________(consumer) want more information about the food they buy.
10.I was consumed ________curiosity about my new neighbour.
11.The laws have led to a reduction in fuel________(consume)in the U.S.
12.All three teams adopted different approaches________ the problem.
13.It is good________(manner) for an Arab to stand close to his friend when they are talking.
14.Cultural tourism is an effective way for________(sustain) development of tourism.
15.He has a business degree and training in the area of environmental________(sustain).
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
(24-25高三上·湖南湘潭·期末)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new generation panda-themed tourist train is scheduled to start on its 16-day, 15-night journey. The train, 1 (originate) from Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan province, will head to the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region on May 18, according to its operators.
Named 2 its home city, the “Chengdu” is a high-end luxury tourist train jointly developed by China Railway Chengdu Group and Chengdu Culture and Tourism Development Group. During the train’s trial run, Tang Liping announced that the initial route will cover 8,000 kilometers across Xinjiang. The breathtaking scenery, with snowcapped mountains, forests, deserts, and the Gobi region, looks 3 (remarkable) magnificent, offering travellers an unforgettable experience. The tour plan also features visits to notable attractions such as the ancient city of Kashgar, 4 they can explore local culture.
“Global presales for the first-ever tour package began in December, and tickets from May to September 5 (sell) out so far,” Tang noted. “Approximately 70 percent of the 6 (customer) are inbound visitors.” The tour package starts at 55,900 yuan per person, covering train tickets and various services.
The “Chengdu” panda train, 7 (equip) with 18 carriages and 54 rooms, can accommodate up to 132 passengers and 8 (it) inner decoration combines giant panda imagery and Sichuan cultural elements. 9 train offers a “fast arrival, slow travel” experience. It allows people 10 (admire) the diverse landscapes of China in a comfortable and unique way.
(24-25高二下·湖南湘西·期末)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Social media haven’t just changed the places we go, but how we behave there.
When one person finishes 1 (take) photographs, another takes the place. Rather than the sounds of nature filling the air, it’s often the sound of a drone. People are hiking to beauty spots with picnics (or even tents) which they have no 2 (intend) of using for anything other than a photo shoot. Is this good Is this 3 anyone wants from travel, which has been celebrated for centuries as the way 4 (discover) cultures, destroy prejudice and cleanse the soul
Phones put a barrier 5 tourists and destinations, actively preventing immersion (沉浸). All these apps are so 6 (help), but there’s a magic to having to engage with 7 (local), to noticing the differences of culture and to really taking in a landscape. If you are looking at your phone, you’re not able to do that. It’s pulling travellers away from enjoying the beautiful scenery, 8 it is also reducing their ability to really connect with local communities and culture.
The true magic of travel is in those moments which can’t 9 (capture) on the phone, let alone turned into 10 social media post. It’s in the interactions with natives, the unexpected discoveries and the feeling of being in a place so different from home that it changes you.
考点二Unit 2 Out of This World词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. n. 宇航员,航天员 33. n. 望远镜
2. n. 重力,地球引力;严重性;严肃 34. n. 宇宙,天地万物
3. n. 缺乏,不存在;缺席 35. adj. 至关重要的,关键性的
4. vi. 飘动,漂流;浮. vt. 使浮动,使漂流* 36. vt. & vi. 围绕…运动,沿轨道运行. n. (天体等运行的)轨道
5. n. 壁橱;橱柜,衣柜 37. n. 天文学家
6. n. 天花板;上限 38. adv. 仅仅,只不过
7. vt. 使烦恼,使担心;花费时间精力(做某事);打扰. vi. 花费时间精力(做某事). n. 麻烦,困难 39. n. 行政部门;管理,行政
8. vt. 占用,使用;居住;占领,侵占;使忙于 40. n. 机构;代理处
9. n. 任务;使命,天职;军事行动;太空飞行任务 41. vt. 包括,包含;组成,构成
10. vt. 评估,估计,评价 42. vt. & vi. 扫描;细看;浏览. n. 扫描检查;快速查阅*
11. n. 动物,生物;人 43. 显而易见的
12. n. (pl. mosquitoes or mosquitos) 蚊子 44. n. 基础,根据;地基;创办;基金会
13. n. 显微镜 45. 为…打下基础
14. 使…进一步了解 46. n. 资金,财源;钱包
15. n. 维护,保养;维持,保持 47. n. 故事;讲述,叙述
16. n. 条件,状况;境况,(尤指)经济状况 48. n. 起源,起因;出身
17. 在这种情况下,既然如此 49. n. 航天飞机;来往于两地之间的航班(或班车、火车). vi. 频繁往来(于两地之间)*
18. n. 面临,遭受;揭露;报道 50. n. 发生率,出现率;频繁;频率
19. n. 辐射,放射线 51. n. 氢,氢气
20. adj. 看得见的;明显的 52. n. 火箭;火箭武器
21. 鉴于,考虑到 53. n. 原因,动机,目的
22. n. 不常有的乐趣(或享受);奢侈品 54. n. 投资;投入
23. n. 管,管子;软管 55. vt. 计算,核算;预测
24. adv. 此外,再者 56. n. 新闻报道;覆盖范围;信息范围
25. n. 药丸,药片 57. n. 机械师,技工
26. adj. 必不可少的,对…极重要的;维持生命所必需的 58. n. 助理;售货员;助教. adj. 助理的,副的
27. vt. 严格要求(自己);惩罚;训练. n. 训练,纪律;行为准则;自制力 59. adv. 极其,极端地;令人难以置信
28. n. 闲暇,空闲 60. n. 沙土,尘土;灰尘,尘埃
29. n. 全体工作人员;全体乘务人员,全体船员;专业团队 61. n. 居所,住处;庇护. vt. 保护,掩蔽. vi. 躲避
30. adj. 永久的,永恒的 62. adj. 固定的,不变的;连续发生的,重复的
31. adv. 完全;总共;总之 63. adj. 核能的,原子能的;核武器的
32. n. 成套设备,成套工具;配套元件
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1.absence n.缺乏,不存在;缺席→ adj.缺席的;不在的;心不在焉的
2.occupy vt.占用,使用;居住;占领,侵占;使忙于→ adj.已占用的;无空闲的;使用中的→ n.工作;职业;占领;居住;使用
3.evaluate vt.评估,估计,评价→ n.评价;估价
4.exposure n.面临,遭受;揭露;报道→ v.使暴露;使显露;揭发;使(胶卷)曝光
5.visible adj.看得见的;明显的→ adj.看不见的
6.universe n.宇宙;天地万物→ adj.普遍的;全体的;全世界的;共同的
7.origin n.起源,起因;出身→ adj.起初的;原来的;首创的;独创的 n.原著;原作
8.frequency n.发生率,出现率;频繁;频率→ adj.频繁的→ adv.频繁地
9.investment n.投资;投入→ v.投资;投入
10.coverage n.新闻报道;覆盖范围;信息范围→ n.覆盖物;封面;掩护物 v.覆盖;遮盖;处理;涉及;包括
11.assistant n.助理,售货员,助教 adj.助理的,副的→ v.帮助;援助
12.dust n.沙土,尘土,灰尘,尘埃→ adj.脏的
13.constant adj.固定的,不变的;连续发生的,重复的→ adv.固定地,不变地;连续不断地,重复地
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1.使进一步了解……
2.在这种情况下;既然如此
3.鉴于,考虑到
4.显而易见的
5.为……打下基础
6.make achievements
7.come to an end
8.at a time
9.in the right direction
10.depend on
11.在……的帮助下
12.看起来像
13.为了
14.由……组成
15.陷入;困入
16.as well也
17.protect...from/against...
18.take advantage of
19.all over the world
20.be bathed in
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.You are not paying all of your tuition(学费)to________(mere)go to class, study, pass tests and graduate.
2.At the foot of the mountain________(lie)a village, where people now still live a peaceful life.
3.He is a friendly person and usually________(assist)his colleagues with lots of things.
4.She suggests that women are under________(constantly) pressure to be abnormally thin.
5.These plants must be sheltered ________direct sunlight.
6.This advertisement is ________(calculate) to attract the attention of housewives.
7.Leonard made a rapid________(calculate): he’d never make it in time.
8.The measures include tight control of media________(cover).
9.You can’t hear waves of such a high________ (frequency).
10.On the contrary, they are often faced with________ (frequency) robbery from the natives there.
11.The plane has been kept in service far longer than________(origin) intended.
12.The________(origin)plan was to go by bus.
13.Chewing properly is________(crucial) important.
14.The crisis is entering ________crucial, critical phase.
15.One of my childhood________(occupy)was collecting stamps.
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
(2025·河北秦皇岛·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A China’s automobile brand recently introduced a humanoid robot at one of its Malaysian dealerships (经销店). Originally designed as 1 digital character meant to connect with the young generation by the metaverse (虚拟世界) and social media, this product evolved into a humanoid robot that can interact with 2 (customer) in the real world. The humanoid robot uses a multimodal sensing model that allows it to 3 (accurate) perceive the gestures and commands of humans. For decision-making, the humanoid robot uses AI’s large language models, which allow it to understand natural language and deliver 4 (person) responses.
The robot was first unveiled in 2023, but in 2025, it 5 (enter) commercial service at a car dealership in Kuala Lumpur, 6 the robot became a fully operational sales assistant. The robot uses its speaking skills 7 (consult) with customers on their specific needs and preferences, answer their questions, and even assist people 8 test drives.
It 9 (declare) that the robot will be used as a customer service assistant in public places such as shopping malls, cinemas, and exhibitions. Humanoid robots have improved a lot, but it will still take them some time to function well in the real world through business 10 (negotiate) and interaction with humans.
(24-25高二下·四川德阳·期末)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In recent years, various countries have explored approaches to developing clean energy in Antarctica, 1 solar and wind energy being the primary focus. 2 , the extreme conditions and shortage of technologies make it tough for solar and wind power generation equipment to maintain stable and efficient operation.
Recently, a clean energy system 3 (tailor) for polar conditions has been put into operation in China’s Qinling station in Antarctica.
This is a big achievement because it 4 (great) lowers the station’ s need for fossil fuels and its possible harm to the environment. The breakthrough means China has become the first country 5 (achieve) the large-scale operation of a clean energy system under extreme Antarctic conditions.
According to the lead scientist, Sun Hongbin, 56, this project marks a major advance in China’s efforts to explore green energy solutions in polar regions.
Since the launch of the system on March 1, it 6 (replace) traditional diesel(柴油) power sources, 7 (provide) uninterrupted zero-carbon power for the research equipment and essential living facilities at Qinling station, which was established in February last year as China’s 8 (five) Antarctic research station.
Solar and wind power now provide about 60 percent of the total energy that the system can produce. In situations 9 there isn’t enough wind or sun, hydrogen that has been stored can be used to provide extra power.
Sun stressed the primary challenges in ensuring the 10 (stable) and safety of the equipment. Still, he hopes to establish a 20,000-square-meter Antarctic extreme environment simulation laboratory in Shanxi to enhance future research.
考点三Unit 3 Back to the Past词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. n. 宽度;广泛 40. adj. 杰出的,优秀的;异常的,罕见的
2. vt. 使确信,使相信;说服,劝说 41. n. 成语,习语;短语,词组
3. n. 航海,航行,航天. vi. 航行,远行* 42. n. 总体安排,设计;版式
4. n. 舰队;捕鱼船队;车队* 43. n. (pl. shelves / elvz/)(书架等的)架子,搁板
5. vt. 航行;导航. vi. 导航* 44. vt. 采用,采取;表决采纳;领养,收养. vi. 领养,收养
6. 代表(或代替);为帮助;为了 45. n. 对比;比较
7. vt. & vi. 装上,装入. n. 负载;承载量;大量 46. vt. & vi. 塞进,挤进;装(箱),收拾;打包;包装. n. 包,包裹;小盒,小包
8. n. 罗盘,指南针;圆规* 47. adj. 相反的,相对立的;截然不同的
9. n. 航海日志,正式记录;原木. vi. & vt. 伐木 48. 与…相反
10. vt. & vi. 加强,增强 49. n. 地狱;苦难的经历,悲惨的境况*
11. adj. 友好和睦的;协调的,和谐的 50. prep. & adv. 在(车、船、飞机等)上,上(车、船、飞机等)
12. vt. 不予考虑,对…不屑一提;去除,摒除;解雇;解散 51. vt. & vi. 擦,磨,搓;相互摩擦*
13. n. 证据,证明 52. n. 洗手间,厕所
14. vt. 承认(权威、地位);承认(属实);(公开)感谢 53. n. 制服;队服. adj. 一致的,统一的
15. adj. 有很大影响力的,有支配力的 54. adv. 猛烈地,厉害地;强烈地,激烈地;凶狠地
16. vi. & vt. 坚决要求,坚持;坚持说 55. n. 雕
17. n. 路线,路途;途径,渠道 56. vi. 俯冲;跳水;潜水. n. 冲,扑,俯冲;潜水;跳水
18. adj. 财政的,金融的,财务的 57. vi. 轰隆隆地响;打雷. n. 雷,雷声
19. vi. & vt. 离开,起程 58. vi. & vt. (froze, frozen) 突然停止,呆住;结冰;冻僵
20. n. 不足,短缺 59. n. 甲板,舱面*
21. vi. 漏,渗漏;渗入. vt. 漏,渗漏;泄露n. 漏洞 60. adv. 同时;其间;对比之下
22. n. 惊恐,恐慌. vi. & vt. (panicked, panicked)(使)惊慌,惊慌失措 61. vt. 拖,拉;缓慢而费力地移动
23. adv. 不顾,不加理会 62. n. 混乱,杂乱
24. 不管,不顾 63. n. 海军,海军部队
25. n. 岸,滨 64. vi. (bled, bled) 失血,流血
26. adj. 随后的,后来的 65. vt. 密谋,策划;使孵出. vi. 孵化
27. n. 船长,机长;上校;队长 66. n. 阴谋;故事情节. vi. & vt. 密谋
28. 使成为可能;考虑到,把…计算在内 67. n. 臭名昭著,声名狼藉;恶行,罪恶*
29. n. 王国;管辖范围 68. vi. & vt. (sank, sunk)下沉,沉没;坐下;降低
30. vt. 使十分惊讶,使吃惊 69. n. 纪念碑(或像等);纪念物
31. adj. 盛大的,庄严的;皇家的,王室的 70. vi. & vt. 企盼,祈求;祈祷,祷告
32. n. 坟墓* 71. n. 一段经历,片段;一集
33. adj. 文学的,文学上的;爱好文学的 72. n. 纺织品;纺织业*
34. adv. 广泛地;广阔地 73. vt. 改进,改良,改革. n. 改革,改良
35. vt. 使便利,促进 74. n. 产量,输出量
36. 理顺,整理;把…安排好 75. n. 织物,布料
37. adj. 可获得的,可找到的;有空的 76. n. 改变,转移;轮班. vi. & vt. (使)移动,(使)转移;改变
38. n. 监狱 77. n. 小屋,村舍
39. n. 大臣,部长 78. 家庭手工业
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1.convince vt.使确信,使相信;说服,劝说→ adj.令人信服的;有说服力的→ adj.坚信不移的;确信的
2.strengthen vt.& vi.加强,增强→ adj.强壮的→ n.力气;力量;强项
3.harmonious adj.友好和睦的;协调的,和谐的→ adv.协调地,和谐地
→ n.融洽,和睦;和谐
4.proof n.证据,证明→ vt.证明;检验;显示vi.证明是
5.acknowledge vt.承认(权威、地位);承认(属实);(公开)感谢→ n.承认;确认;感谢
6.influential adj.有很大影响力的,有支配力的→ n.影响;势力;感化;有影响的人或事 vt.影响
7.financial adj.财政的,金融的,财务的→ n.金融;财经
8.depart vi.& vt.离开,起程→ n.离开,起程
9.shortage n.不足,短缺→ adj.短的;不足的;矮的,低的
→ vt.缩短;减少;变短 vi.缩短;变短
10.subsequent adj.随后的,后来的→ adv.随后,其后;后来
11.astonish vt.使十分惊讶,使吃惊→ adj.令人感到惊讶的
→ n.惊诧;震惊→ adj.惊诧的
12.literary adj.文学的,文学上的;爱好文学的→ n.文学;文献;文艺;著作
13.extensively adv.广阔地;广泛地→ adj.广泛的;大量的;广阔的
→ n.拓展;延伸
14.exceptional adj.杰出的,优秀的;异常的,罕见的→ n.例外;异议
15.adopt vt.采用,采取;表决采纳;领养,收养vi.领养,收养→ adj.被收养的;被采用的→ n.收养;采用
16.comparison n.比较;对比→ v.比较,对比;与……类似;将……比作
17.violently adv.猛烈地,厉害地;强烈地,激烈地;凶狠地→ n.暴力;暴行→ adj.暴力的;猛烈的
18.freeze vi.& vt.(froze,frozen)突然停止,呆住;结冰;冻僵→ adj.冰点以下的,结冰的;极冷的;(雾、雨)冻的n.冰点→ adj.冻结的;冷酷的
19.bleed vi.(bled,bled)失血,流血→ n.血,血液;血统→bleeding n.出血;渗色
20.memorial n.纪念碑(或像等);纪念物→ vt.记住,背熟;记忆
→ n.记忆,记忆力;内存,[计]存储器;回忆
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1.代表(或代替);为帮助;为了
2.不管,不顾
3.使成为可能;考虑到;把……计算在内
4.理顺,整理;把……安排好
5.pay a visit to
6.search for
7.have an impact on
8.pass on
9.in panic
10.carry on with
11.与……相反
12.同时
13.家庭手工业
14.祈祷,祈求
15.逼真的
16.open up
17.make one’s bed
18.get in touch with
19.declare war on/against
20.deliver a speech
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.We are now living in a_________(harmony) society.
2.The man deserved their thanks________ his bravery. (因……值得)
3.The twins look identical,but can be told from each other by________(compare).
4.When rescue personnel arrived, the two had ________ (freeze) to death.
5.Camus is considered to be one of the twentieth century’s ________ (literature) giants.
6.There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given __________(finance) support to roll it out countrywide.
7.His dream is to build a memorial______________(memorize) the firefighters who saved his life during the fire.
8.The injured dog was abandoned to the waste land, ______________(bleed)to death.
9.The couple tried every possible means to save their______________(adopt)son, but in vain.
10.She had never thought he’d blow up so______________(violent).
11.You can see products of our company___________(advertise)wherever you go.
12.He suspected that the military________(plot) against him secretly for the time being.
13.It’s rude to keep dragging _________his divorce.
14.The player is not sick; _________the contrary, he is in very good condition.
15.The quality of our goods is far _________comparison.
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
(2025·辽宁·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is a Chinese story of an old man in his 90s working with his family to remove mountains to connect the outside world despite others’ doubts, which has inspired the Chinese to unite and overcome difficulties with hard work and 1 (determine).
The story became a reality in Lin County, Henan Province in the 1960s, with a 1,500-kilometer-long waterway along the cliffs of the Taihang Mountains 2 (build) by the local people within 10 years, bringing precious water from the Zhanghe River in the bordering Shanxi Province 3 the drought-hit area.
Initially, finding drinking water was 4 headache for residents, for people had to fetch water from five kilometers away every day. 5 (ease) this area’s water shortages, the local government decided to construct a canal across the mountains, 6 construction was a remarkable engineering achievement. People dug canals with simple tools, leveling 1,250 mountain tops and 7 (remove) 22.25 million cubic meters of earth and rocks until June 1969.
Since then, their deeds 8 (praise) as the “spirit of the Red Flag Canal”, which 9 (dramatic) changed the life of the local people. Professor Zhou Ruichang from Henan University remarked, “It is 10 (fantasy) that their heroic acts solved water supply difficulties to some 567,000 people.”
(24-25高二下·云南昆明·阶段练习)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tea 1 (discover) in China around 5,000 years ago. Prior to the Tang Dynasty, tea was seen as a medicine for its ability 2 (calm) people and make them fall asleep. Tea drinking became a craze during the Tang Dynasty.
During this period, the famous story of Lu Yu 3 (arise). One day, he asked a soldier to fetch him water from the middle of the river. When presented with the water, Lu Yu 4 (immediate) recognized that the water was not from the middle of the river and knocked over the jug (水罐) until half of the water remained. He then tasted the water again, and said that this water was, in fact, from the middle of the river. The soldier was shocked: How had Lu Yu known that half of the water was replaced with water from the outskirts of the river Lu Yu earned 5 title of the “God of Tea”, because he could distinguish the minute differences between water 6 (source) and leaves. His work is known 7 Cha Jing.
With the rise of trading tea across Eurasia, tea became a luxury during the 17th century in the Netherlands 8 Portugal. It quickly became the favored drink of the princess of Portugal, Catherine of Braganza, 9 married King Charles II later. Her love of tea created a part of British culture. 10 (label) as the “Queen’s favorite drink”, the Chinese product grew in demand. British thirst for tea drove the expansion of tea’s influence.
考点四Unit4 Protecting Our Heritage Sites词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. n. 遗产* 37. n. 合作,协作;协助,配合
2. vt. 使惊叹,使敬畏. n. 敬畏,惊叹 38. vt. 预测,预报. n. 预测,预报
3. (also civilisation) n. 文明;社会文明;文明社会,文明世界 39. vt. 打扰,插嘴;使暂停,使中断. vi. 打扰,插嘴
4. vt. 维护,保护,保存;维持 40. n. 保护;保持
5. adj. 紧急的,紧迫的;催促的,急切的 41. n. 提议,动议;运动;动作
6. (使)磨损,(使)逐渐磨平 42. vt. & vi. 投票,表决. n. 选票;投票
7. n. 金字塔* 43. n. 运河
8. vt. 破坏,毁坏;使破产,毁灭. n. 毁坏,毁灭;破产;残垣断壁 44. n. 迁徙,迁移,移居*
9. adj. 极好的,极大的;不能相信的,难以置信的 45. n. 遗产*
10. n. 黏土,陶土 46. n. (AmE splendor)壮丽,雄伟
11. n. 雕像,雕塑品;雕刻术 47. n. 自然保护区;储备. vt. 预订;预留;保留
12. n. 导弹 48. n. 盆地;洗脸盆;盆;流域
13. n. 暴力,暴行;狂热,激情 49. adj. 很大的,十分强烈的;有强烈感情的,热切的;激烈的
14. n. (军事)冲突,战斗;争论;矛盾,不一致. /k n fl kt/ vi. 冲突,抵触 50. adj. 简陋的,落后的;原始的,远古的
15. adj. 国民的;国家的;民事的 51. vt. 感到渺小,感到谦卑. adj. 谦虚的,谦卑的
16. n. 身份,地位;状况,情形* 52. n. 走廊,地带;通道*
17. (正常使用造成的)磨损,损耗 53. vt. 追求,致力于,执行;追逐
18. adj. 内部的;国内的 54. vt. & vi. 提交,呈递;屈服
19. n. 结果,效果 55. vi. 出现;暴露;露头
20. n. 礁,礁脉* 56. vt. 指定,指派;分配;确定
21. n. 珊瑚adj. 珊瑚色的* 57. 成形,有了模样
22. n. 生态,生态学 58. n. 一批,一连串,一系列;线;弦
23. n. 计划,方案;议程表,议事日程 59. n. 毛织物;羊毛
24. n. 佛塔* 60. n. 棉织物;棉,棉花
25. n. 钉子;指甲. vt. 固定 61. n. 山洞,洞穴
26. n. 专家咨询组,讨论小组;嵌板;仪表盘 62. adj. 佛教的. n. 佛教徒*
27. n. 专家;专科医生. adj. 专业的 63. n. 扩展,扩大,膨胀
28. vt. 评估,评定;估算 64. n. 倡议,新方案;主动性
29. vi. 倒塌,坍塌;昏倒. n. 昏倒;倒塌 65. n. 重要阶段,里程碑
30. n. 咨询,商讨;就诊 66. n. 赤道
31. vt. 暂停;悬,挂 67. n. 展示的场合;玻璃柜台
32. n. 分歧;分开,分隔 68. adv. 在(或去)别处
33. n. 水坝* 69. n. 进入;参与,加入;参赛
34. n. 建筑师;设计师 70. n. 费;报酬
35. n. 操作人员,技工;接线员 71. vt. 明令禁止,取缔;禁止做某事n. 禁令
36. n. 事件;冲突
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1.awe vt.使惊叹,使敬畏 n.敬畏,惊叹→ adj.令人敬畏的;使人畏惧的;可怕的;极好的
2.urgent adj.紧急的,紧迫的;催促的,急切的→ n.紧急;催促
3.incredible adj.极好的,极大的;不能相信的,难以置信的→ adv.令人难以置信地
4.violence n.暴力,暴行;狂热,激情→ adj.暴力的;猛烈的→ adv.猛烈地;剧烈地
5.specialist n.专家;专科医生 adj.专业的→ adj.特别的;专门的;特殊的
6.assess vt.评估,评定;估算→ n.评定;评估
7.consultation n.咨询,商讨;就诊→ vt.咨询;请教;商量;查阅
8.division n.分歧;分开,分隔→ v.分割;划分;分配
9.architect n.建筑师;设计师→ n.建筑学;建筑设计
10.operator n.操作人员,技工;接线员→ v.工作;运转;操作
→ n.手术;运转
11.cooperation n.合作,协作;协助,配合→ vi.合作,配合;协力
12.interrupt vt.打扰,插嘴;使暂停,使中断 vi.打扰,插嘴→ n.打扰;插嘴
13.conservation n.保护;保持→ vt.保护;保存
14.reserve n.自然保护区;储备 vt.预订;预留;保留→ n.预约,预订;保留
15.primitive adj.简陋的,落后的;原始的,远古的→ adv.最初地;原始地
16.assign vt.指定,指派;分配;确定→ n.分配;任务
17.wool n.毛织物;羊毛→ adj.毛纺的;羊毛的
18.expansion n.扩展,扩大,膨胀→ v.扩展,扩大,增加
19.entry n.进入;参与,加入;参赛→ vt.进入
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1.(使)磨损,(使)逐渐磨平
2.(正常使用造成的)磨损,损耗
3.采取行动
4.为了……的利益
5.属于
6.for instance
7.take...as an example
8.at the thought of
9.on purpose
10.take apart
11.成形,有了模样
12.是……所在地
13.为……感到自豪
14.传递
15.此外
16.take one’s breath away
17.serve as
18.contribute to
19.raise funds
20.call for
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Your suggestion ________ (submit) to the commission for its consideration.
2.Tomorrow is the last date for the ________ (submit) of entries for the competition.
3.Earth Day is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness____________ environmental protection.
4.Actions should be taken to make people aware____________ the harm of air pollution.
5.When the company took a vote____________ the promotion, he thought his friends would vote____________ him, but in fact they turned round and gave their____________(vote)to somebody else.
6.Let’s go somewhere where we can talk without____________(interrupt).
7.Despite the good weather____________(forecast), the next morning was as wet as ever.
8.It____________(forecast) that inflation will remain below 3%.
9.The new production plant came into ____________(operate) last month.
10.The manager didn’t know how to deal with the____________(divide) on the matter.
11.Opinions are____________(divide) on this question whether we should have a Starbucks in the Forbidden City.
12.As the work can____________(divide)among several people, it can be finished ahead of schedule.
13.China is a___________(develop) country with a promising future.
14.The policeman___________(suspend)while the complaint was investigated.
15.You shouldn’t have done it without___________(consult)me.
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
(2025·湖北襄阳·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Straw (稻草) hats are now gaining a new life as fashionable and internationally sought-after products — thanks in part 1 a centuries-old craft from Shandong province. The grass weaving (编织) technique of Tancheng county, Linyi city, 2 (recognize) as a provincial-level intangible cultural heritage of Shandong in 2021.
The craft has deep 3 (root) in the local community. 4 (know) for its simplicity, practicality and accessibility, grass weaving is a collective, hands-on skill passed down through generations. The process involves several steps, 5 consist of starting the weave, placing it on a mold, layering grass, removing the mold, locking the edge and shaping.
Currently, the local workshop produces thousands of hat styles, with 6 annual output of 3 million units and a production value of 30 million yuan. Its products are exported to over 30 countries and regions, 7 (include) US, Europe, Japan and South Korea. It has adopted a model of “enterprise + branch factories + processing centers +cooperatives” 8 (expand) operations and create jobs. It has established 30 branch factories, 53 processing centers and l agricultural cooperative in surrounding towns and counties, providing 9 (employ) for over 20, 000 people. To further increase sales, the workshop also launched an e-commerce division and livestreaming accounts to reach online consumers and 10 (strength) its digital presence.
(24-25高二下·河南·期末)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Three Weirs (堰) of Hanzhong, namely Shanhe, Wume n and Yangzhen, have functioned as important irrigation schemes (灌溉系统) for a long time. 1 (locate) in the Baohe River, the primary branch of the Hanjiang River, the Shanhe Weir is one of the important ancient water conservancy projects in China. It is said that Mr. Xiao He and Mr. Cao Shen, famous 2 (general) of the Western Han Dynasty, 3 (be) in charge of its construction.
The Shanhe Weir possesses three canal heads 4 (collect) the water from the Baohe River for farmland irrigation. The modern irrigation system — the Baohui canal — was 5 (basic) built along the original route of the Shanhe Weir. Since the completion of the Shimen reservoir in 1975, all the farmland once irrigated by the Shanhe Weir 6 (cover) by the Shimen South Canal.
It channels the water of the Han River to irrigate the surrounding farmland, 7 (ensure) the water supply for agricultural production. The design and construction of Shanhe Weir reflect the high-level wisdom and technical level of ancient Chinese people. It is 8 precious heritage in the history of Chinese water conservancy.
Today, 9 Shanhe Weir has gone through many years, it still plays a certain role in local irrigation and water conservancy. It is not only a historical and cultural relic but also a witness 10 the development of ancient water conservancy in China.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)第06讲 选修三词汇
目录
01 考情解码·命题预警 2
02 体系构建·思维可视 3
03 核心突破·靶向攻坚 4
考点一 Unit 1 Wish You were Here 4
知识点1 读单词、识词义 4
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 6
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 7
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 7
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 8
考点二 Unit 2 Out of This World 13
知识点1 读单词、识词义 13
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 14
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 15
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 16
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 18
考点三 Unit 3 Back to the Past 21
知识点1 读单词、识词义 21
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 21
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 23
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 24
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 26
考点四Unit 4 Protecting Our Heritage Sites 30
知识点1 读单词、识词义 31
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换 31
知识点3 重点短语词组固定搭配 32
考向1 重点词汇综合检测 32
考向2 单元话题高考语法填空训练 37
教材词汇 课标词汇 2025:spare , count on; fire (熟词生义);company; permission;uncomfortable;cut; 2024:confirm;guidance(派生词);digital; professionally(派生词) 2023:rental,erase,statistician,bimonthly; fiberglass, ecosystem,checkpoint; mind(n.-v.); leaf(n.-v.); tear(n.-v.); average(n.-v.); touch(v.-n.); 新高考词汇难度增大。2025年新高考I卷为例,不包含听力部分和问题部分,总词数便达2600词。其中包括很多派生词。新高考II卷包含听力部分试卷总词数达2904词。读后续写部分要求读写结合,需要更多的词汇积累和输出。这个数词基本与2024年持平,但对于词汇的活用有增无减。在备考中,应当注重掌握课标,扩充课外阅读量。 稳中有升增加对熟词生义的考查。 适度考查一些学生不常接触的高考词汇。 加大了对构词法的考查力度。 全面考查词汇在语境中灵活运用的能力,如情境意识、同义转换和概要思维能力。
复习目标:以新课标词汇为依据,新教材单词表为蓝本,以近三年新高考真题为导向,在一轮词汇复习中夯实词汇基础,并反复积累,运用构词法扩大词汇量并在大量的语篇阅读中迁移词汇运用能力,大胆猜测熟词的生义并积累地道的搭配和习惯用语。
考点一Unit 1 Wish You were Here词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. adj. 盛开的,开花的* blooming 42. n. 一件商品(或物品);项目 item
2. vi. & vt. 开花;展开,打开;展示,展现 unfold 43. adj. 雅致的,精美的;优美的,文雅的 elegant
3. adv. 从种族上* ethnically 44. 去,前往 make one’s way to
4. adj. 截然不同的,有区别的,不同种类的;清楚的,清晰的 distinct 45. n. 雕像,雕塑 statue
5. n. (加拿大)地区;领土,领地;领域 territory 46. n. 纪念物,纪念品* souvenir
6. n. 山谷,溪谷 valley 47. n. 文物,古董. adj. 古老的,古董的 antique
7. vt. 侵蚀,冲刷;雕,刻 carve 48. n. 花瓶,装饰瓶 vase
8. n. 冰川* glacier 49. n. 家具 furniture
9. adj. 巨大的,非凡的;强而有力的 mighty 50. n. 沙丘* dune
10. adj. 壮丽的,雄伟的;极佳的,非常好的 splendid 51. n. 山羊 goat
11. 除了…外(还),此外;除了…外(都),要不是 apart from 52. n. 决心,决定;决议;解决 resolution
12. adj. 城市的,城镇的 urban 53. n. 细粒,颗粒;谷物 grain
13. n. 祖宗,祖先;原种 ancestor 54. (阳光)强烈照射,曝晒 beat down
14. adj. 本地的,土生土长的* indigenous 55. vi. 形成对比. vt. 对比,对照. n. / k ntrɑ st/差异,差别;对照物 contrast
15. n. 海峡,水道 strait 56. n. 光线,射线 ray
16. n. 少数民族,少数群体;少数,少数人 minority 57. n. 骆驼 camel
17. n. 烹饪,风味;饭菜,菜肴 cuisine 58. vi. & vt. 咀嚼,嚼碎;咬住 chew
18. adj. (事物)有活力的;动态的,发展变化的;充满活力的 dynamic 59. vi. & vt. (使)饿死,(使)挨饿 starve
19. vt. 尝,品尝,体验;抽样检验n. 样本,样品;取样 sample 60. n. 烤架;户外烧烤 barbecue
20. 不落俗套,打破常规;远离闹市,偏远 off the beaten track 61. n. 离开,起程 departure
21. n. 小提琴* fiddle 62. n. 泥,淤泥 mud
22. adj. 凯尔特人的,凯尔特语的* Celtic 63. n. 国界,边界. vi. & vt. 与…接壤 border
23. 不足为奇,毫不奇怪 come as no surprise 64. n. 停车;停车位 parking
24. n. 最深处;深(度);深刻;深厚 depth 65. n. (简陋的)小屋,棚屋* hut
25. n. 郊区,城外 suburb 66. n. 砖块;积木 brick
26. adj. 植物学的 botanical 67. vt. 遍布;使布满,点缀;加点n. 点* dot
27. adj. 克洛维斯的* Clovis 68. vi. & vt. 拍打,摆动;振翅* flap
28. n. 厚层;毛毯 Blanket 69. n. 火腿,火腿肉 ham
29. n. 冰球运动,冰上曲棍球;曲棍球* Hockey 70. n. 香肠,腊肠 sausage
30. n. 侄女,外甥女 niece 71. n. 串,束;大量 bunch
31. n. 幸福,福祉;福利 welfare 72. vt. (去)拿来,(去)请来 fetch
32. n. 住处 accommodation 73. n. 私人物品,个人财产;具有,拥有 possession
33. adj. 周围的,附近的 surrounding 74. adv. 热切地,专注地 intently
34. n. 融洽,和睦;和谐 harmony 75. n. 远足,徒步旅行. vi. & vt. 去…远足,做徒步旅行 hike
35. vt. 使保持,使稳定持续;维持 sustain 76. adj. 令人惊叹的,使人惊惧的;很好的 awesome
36. n. 方式,方法;举止;礼貌 manner 77. adj. 液体的,液态的. n. 液体 liquid
37. n. 消耗,消耗量;消费 consumption 78. adj. 北极的. n. 北极,北极地区* Arctic
38. n. 教堂;礼拜 church 79. n. 狐狸;狡猾的人 fox
39. 可归结为,可归纳为 come down to 80. adj. 极地的;完全相反的 polar
40. n. 行为规范,道德准则;法规,法典;密码* code 81. n. 佳肴;谨慎;敏感 delicacy
41. 着装规定 dress code 82. n. 羊羔肉;羔羊 lamb
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1.unfold vt.& vi.开花;展开,打开;展示,展现→fold vt.折叠;对折
2.minority n.少数民族,少数群体;少数,少数人→minor adj.较小的;次要的→major adj.主要的 vi.主修→majority n.大多数
3.depth n.最深处;深(度);深刻;深厚→deep adj.深的;深厚的
4.surrounding adj.周围的,附近的→surround v.包围;围绕→surroundings n.环境
5.harmony n.融洽,和睦;和谐→harmonious adj.和谐的
6.manner n.方式,方法;举止→manners n.礼貌
7.consumption n.消耗,消耗量;消费→consume v.消耗;消费
8.starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿,(使)饿死→starvation n.挨饿;饿死→starving adj.饥饿的;挨饿的
9.departure n.离开,起程→depart v.离开;起程;背离
10.parking n.停车;停车位→park v.停放;把……停在路边
11.possession n.私人物品,个人财产;具有,拥有→possess v.具有,拥有
12.intently adv.热切地,专注地→intent adj.热切的,专注的
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1.除了……外(还);除了……外(都),要不是 apart from
2.不落俗套,打破常规;远离闹市,偏远 off the beaten track
3.不足为奇,毫不奇怪 come as no surprise
4.可归结为,可归纳为 come down to
5.削减,缩减;减少 cut back on
6.make up 组成,构成;化妆;弥补;编造
7.be home to ……的所在地
8.a variety of 各种各样的
9.by means of 通过
10.in turn 依次,轮流;反过来
11.有……人口 have a population of
12.出发;使爆炸;引发 set off
13.与……对比 contrast with
14.强烈照射,曝晒 beat down
15.陷入;困入 be stuck in
16.line up 使站成一队;使排列成一行
17.be made out of 由……制成
18.in the distance 在远方
19.for sure 确定地;无疑地
20.next to 紧靠着
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of ________ (fetch) coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch...
2.The salesman brought some________(sample) of his firm’s products.
3.On our way ________ the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take to get there.
4.In the long run, the world economy must be________(sustain) and healthily rebalanced.
5.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, the price of________ was very reasonable.
6.In the office, I never seem to have time until after 5 pm, by________ time many people have gone home.
7.China’s Silk Road Economic Belt, once________(accomplish), will quicken the economic growth of the provinces along the route.
8.The teacher had her________(read)the article again.
9.Health-conscious________(consumer) want more information about the food they buy.
10.I was consumed ________curiosity about my new neighbour.
11.The laws have led to a reduction in fuel________(consume)in the U.S.
12.All three teams adopted different approaches________ the problem.
13.It is good________(manner) for an Arab to stand close to his friend when they are talking.
14.Cultural tourism is an effective way for________(sustain) development of tourism.
15.He has a business degree and training in the area of environmental________(sustain).
1.fetching
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:所以如果我们派出一个机器人,只发出一条取咖啡的指令,它就会有一个强烈的愿望,通过使自己的关闭键不能运转来确保成功……。分析句子结构可知,横线位于介词of之后,of后接动名词作宾语。根据提示,故填fetching。
2.samples
【详解】考查名词。句意:推销员带来了他公司产品的一些样品。分析句子可知,空格处应用名词,作宾语,“sample”意为“样品”,为可数名词,根据句中“some”可知,应用“sample”的复数形式“samples”。故填samples。
3.to
【详解】考查介词。句意:在我们去那所房子的路上,雨下得很大,我们不禁想知道要多久才能到那里。on one’s way to在某人去……的路上。故填to。
4.sustainably
【详解】考查副词。句意:从长远来看,世界经济必须实现可持续、健康的再平衡。修饰rebalanced应用副词sustainably作状语。故填sustainably。
5.which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:最近我买了一个中国古代花瓶,价格很合理此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词vase,作介词的宾语,指物,故用关系代词which。故填which。
6.which
【详解】考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。句意:在办公室里,我似乎一直到下午5点以后才有时间,这时许多人已经回家了。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为5 pm,关系词作介词by的宾语,应用which,by which意为“直到那候”。故填which。
7.accomplished
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的丝绸之路经济带一旦建成,将加快沿线省份的经济发展。分析句子结构可知,此处应填非谓语动词,逻辑主语China’s Silk Road Economic Belt和动词accomplish是“动宾关系”,且此处有“完成”的含义,应用过去分词形式的非谓语动词。根据提示,故填accomplished。
8.read
【详解】考查省略to的不定式。句意:老师让她再读一遍这篇文章。have sb. do表示“让某人做某事”,此处用省略to的不定式作宾补。故填read。
9.consumers
【详解】考查名词单复数。句意:有健康意识的消费者想要更多关于他们购买的食物的信息。根据句意和谓语动词want“想要”可知,提示词consumer “消费者”需要填写复数形式做主语。故填consumers。
10.with
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:我对我的新邻居充满好奇。be consumed with是固定短语,意为“被……吞噬”,因此空格处是介词with。故填with。
11.consumption
【详解】考查名词。句意:这些法律已导致美国燃油消耗量的减少。分析句子可知,此空应填名词作介词后宾语,fuel consumption表“燃油消耗量”,且consumption表“消耗”为不可数名词。故填consumption。
12.to
【详解】考查介词。句意:这三个小组对这个问题采取了不同的方法。结合句意表达“……的方法”用approach to。故填to。
13.manners
【详解】考查名词。句意:当阿拉伯人在和朋友谈话时,站得离朋友近是很有礼貌的。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定句型“It is good manners for sb. to do sth.”,意为“对某人来说做某事是有礼貌的”,“manner”意为“礼貌,方式”,为可数名词,复数形式为“manners”。故填manners。
14.sustainable
【详解】考查形容词。句意:文化旅游是旅游业可持续发展的有效途径。作定语修饰名词development,应用形容词sustainable。故填sustainable。
15.sustainability
【详解】考查名词。句意:他拥有商业学位,并接受过环境可持续性领域的培训。分析句子可知,此处应填名词作宾语,意为“可持续性”,故应用名词sustainability。故填sustainability。
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
(24-25高三上·湖南湘潭·期末)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A new generation panda-themed tourist train is scheduled to start on its 16-day, 15-night journey. The train, 1 (originate) from Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan province, will head to the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region on May 18, according to its operators.
Named 2 its home city, the “Chengdu” is a high-end luxury tourist train jointly developed by China Railway Chengdu Group and Chengdu Culture and Tourism Development Group. During the train’s trial run, Tang Liping announced that the initial route will cover 8,000 kilometers across Xinjiang. The breathtaking scenery, with snowcapped mountains, forests, deserts, and the Gobi region, looks 3 (remarkable) magnificent, offering travellers an unforgettable experience. The tour plan also features visits to notable attractions such as the ancient city of Kashgar, 4 they can explore local culture.
“Global presales for the first-ever tour package began in December, and tickets from May to September 5 (sell) out so far,” Tang noted. “Approximately 70 percent of the 6 (customer) are inbound visitors.” The tour package starts at 55,900 yuan per person, covering train tickets and various services.
The “Chengdu” panda train, 7 (equip) with 18 carriages and 54 rooms, can accommodate up to 132 passengers and 8 (it) inner decoration combines giant panda imagery and Sichuan cultural elements. 9 train offers a “fast arrival, slow travel” experience. It allows people 10 (admire) the diverse landscapes of China in a comfortable and unique way.
【答案】
1.originating 2.after 3.remarkably 4.where 5.have been sold 6.customers 7.equipped 8.its 9.The 10.to admire
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了新一代熊猫主题旅游列车“成都号”的相关信息,包括其行程、特色、预售情况以及列车配置等。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:据运营商介绍,这列火车从四川省会成都出发,将于5月18日开往新疆维吾尔自治区。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词will head,且空格处无连词,所以空格处应用非谓语动词形式。originate与主语The train之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词作定语。故填originating。
2.考查介词。句意:“成都号”以其家乡城市命名,是中国铁路成都局集团与成都文旅集团联合打造的高端豪华旅游列车。根据句意可知,此处表示“以……命名”,应用固定短语name after。故填after。
3.考查副词。句意:沿途风景如画,有雪山、森林、沙漠和戈壁地区,看起来格外壮观,为游客提供了难忘的体验。空格处修饰形容词magnificent,应用remarkable的副词形式remarkably,意为“异常地,显著地”。故填remarkably。
4.考查定语从句。句意:旅游计划还包括参观著名景点,如喀什古城,在那里他们可以探索当地文化。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是“the ancient city of Kashgar”,在从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
5.考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意:唐指出:“首次旅游套餐的全球预售于12月开始,截至目前,5月至9月的车票已售罄。” 分析句子结构可知,此处缺少谓语动词,根据时间状语so far可知,此处应用现在完成时,且tickets与sell之间是被动关系,所以应用现在完成时的被动语态。主语tickets是复数,所以助动词用have。故填have been sold。
6.考查名词的复数。句意:大约70%的顾客是入境游客。customer意为“顾客”,是可数名词。根据空前的70 percent of the可知,空格处应用该可数名词的复数形式。故填customers。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意:“成都号”熊猫列车配备18节车厢和54个房间,最多可容纳132名乘客,其内部装饰融合了大熊猫形象和四川文化元素。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词can accommodate和combines,且空格处无连词,所以空格处应用非谓语动词。equip与主语The “Chengdu” panda train之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语,be equipped with意为“配备有……”。故填equipped。
8.考查形容词性物主代词。句意:“成都号”熊猫列车配备18节车厢和54个房间,最多可容纳132名乘客,其内部装饰融合了大熊猫形象和四川文化元素。空格处修饰名词inner decoration,应用it的形容词性物主代词形式its作定语。故填its。
9.考查定冠词。句意:这列火车提供“快到慢游”的体验。此处特指上文提到的The “Chengdu” panda train,应用定冠词the修饰,且位于句首,首字母需大写。故填The。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意:它让人们能够以一种舒适而独特的方式欣赏中国的多样景观。allow sb. to do sth.是固定短语,意为“允许某人做某事”,所以空格处应用动词不定式形式作宾补。故填to admire。
(24-25高二下·湖南湘西·期末)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Social media haven’t just changed the places we go, but how we behave there.
When one person finishes 1 (take) photographs, another takes the place. Rather than the sounds of nature filling the air, it’s often the sound of a drone. People are hiking to beauty spots with picnics (or even tents) which they have no 2 (intend) of using for anything other than a photo shoot. Is this good Is this 3 anyone wants from travel, which has been celebrated for centuries as the way 4 (discover) cultures, destroy prejudice and cleanse the soul
Phones put a barrier 5 tourists and destinations, actively preventing immersion (沉浸). All these apps are so 6 (help), but there’s a magic to having to engage with 7 (local), to noticing the differences of culture and to really taking in a landscape. If you are looking at your phone, you’re not able to do that. It’s pulling travellers away from enjoying the beautiful scenery, 8 it is also reducing their ability to really connect with local communities and culture.
The true magic of travel is in those moments which can’t 9 (capture) on the phone, let alone turned into 10 social media post. It’s in the interactions with natives, the unexpected discoveries and the feeling of being in a place so different from home that it changes you.
【答案】
1.taking 2.intention 3.what 4.to discover 5.between 6.helpful 7.locals 8.and 9.be captured 10.a
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了旅行的意义所在,而手机在游客和风景及文化之间设置了一道屏障,文章呼吁人们享受旅行中的文化互动和美丽风景,而不只是用手机拍照。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意:当一个人拍完照片后,另一个人就会接替。finish doing sth.为固定短语,意为“完成做某事”,所以空处应用动名词形式作宾语。故填taking。
2.考查名词。句意:人们带着野餐(甚至帐篷)徒步前往风景区,而这些野餐(甚至帐篷)他们根本不打算用来做拍照以外的任何事情。have no intention of doing sth.为固定短语,意为“不打算做某事”,所以空处应用名词intention作宾语。故填intention。
3.考查表语从句。句意:这是人们想要从旅行中得到的吗?空处引导表语从句,从句缺少宾语,表示“……的东西”,应用连接代词what来引导。故填what。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:几个世纪以来,旅行一直被视为发现文化、消除偏见和净化灵魂的方式,这是人们想要从旅行中得到的吗?名词way后常跟动词不定式作后置定语,表示“……的方式”,所以空处应用不定式形式。故填to discover。
5.考查介词。句意:手机在游客和目的地之间设置了一道屏障,积极地阻止了沉浸感。between...and...为固定短语,意为“在……和……之间”,所以空处应用介词between。故填between。
6.考查形容词。句意:所有这些应用程序都很有帮助,但与当地人接触、注意文化差异以及真正领略风景都有一种魔力。空处用于系动词are之后,应用形容词helpful作表语,表示“有帮助的”。故填helpful。
7.考查名词复数。句意:所有这些应用程序都很有帮助,但与当地人接触、注意文化差异以及真正领略风景都有一种魔力。local为可数名词,表示“当地人”,结合语境可知,当地人不止一个,所以空处应用名词复数形式。故填locals。
8.考查连词。句意:它把游客从欣赏美丽的风景中拉走,同时也降低了他们与当地社区和文化真正联系的能力。结合语意可知,“It’s pulling travellers away from enjoying the beautiful scenery”与“it is also reducing their ability to really connect with local communities and culture”之间是并列关系,应用连词and连接。故填and。
9.考查语态。句意:旅行的真正魅力在于那些无法用手机捕捉到的时刻,更不用说变成社交媒体帖子了。which引导定语从句,修饰先行词moments,从句中缺少谓语,capture与主语moments之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,情态动词can’t后接动词原形。故填be captured。
10.考查冠词。句意:旅行的真正魅力在于那些无法用手机捕捉到的时刻,更不用说变成社交媒体帖子了。post为可数名词,此处表示泛指,应用不定冠词修饰,且social是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,应用不定冠词a。故填a。
考点二Unit 2 Out of This World词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. n. 宇航员,航天员 astronaut 33. n. 望远镜 telescope
2. n. 重力,地球引力;严重性;严肃 gravity 34. n. 宇宙,天地万物 universe
3. n. 缺乏,不存在;缺席 absence 35. adj. 至关重要的,关键性的 crucial
4. vi. 飘动,漂流;浮. vt. 使浮动,使漂流* float 36. vt. & vi. 围绕…运动,沿轨道运行. n. (天体等运行的)轨道 orbit
5. n. 壁橱;橱柜,衣柜 cupboard 37. n. 天文学家 astronomer
6. n. 天花板;上限 ceiling 38. adv. 仅仅,只不过 merely
7. vt. 使烦恼,使担心;花费时间精力(做某事);打扰. vi. 花费时间精力(做某事). n. 麻烦,困难 bother 39. n. 行政部门;管理,行政 administration
8. vt. 占用,使用;居住;占领,侵占;使忙于 occupy 40. n. 机构;代理处 agency
9. n. 任务;使命,天职;军事行动;太空飞行任务 mission 41. vt. 包括,包含;组成,构成 comprise
10. vt. 评估,估计,评价 evaluate 42. vt. & vi. 扫描;细看;浏览. n. 扫描检查;快速查阅* scan
11. n. 动物,生物;人 creature 43. 显而易见的 plain to see
12. n. (pl. mosquitoes or mosquitos) 蚊子 mosquito 44. n. 基础,根据;地基;创办;基金会 foundation
13. n. 显微镜 microscope 45. 为…打下基础 lay the foundation for
14. 使…进一步了解 cast new light on 46. n. 资金,财源;钱包 purse
15. n. 维护,保养;维持,保持 maintenance 47. n. 故事;讲述,叙述 tale
16. n. 条件,状况;境况,(尤指)经济状况 circumstance 48. n. 起源,起因;出身 origin
17. 在这种情况下,既然如此 in the circumstances 49. n. 航天飞机;来往于两地之间的航班(或班车、火车). vi. 频繁往来(于两地之间)* shuttle
18. n. 面临,遭受;揭露;报道 exposure 50. n. 发生率,出现率;频繁;频率 frequency
19. n. 辐射,放射线 radiation 51. n. 氢,氢气 hydrogen
20. adj. 看得见的;明显的 visible 52. n. 火箭;火箭武器 rocket
21. 鉴于,考虑到 in view of 53. n. 原因,动机,目的 motive
22. n. 不常有的乐趣(或享受);奢侈品 luxury 54. n. 投资;投入 investment
23. n. 管,管子;软管 tube 55. vt. 计算,核算;预测 calculate
24. adv. 此外,再者 furthermore 56. n. 新闻报道;覆盖范围;信息范围 coverage
25. n. 药丸,药片 pill 57. n. 机械师,技工 mechanic
26. adj. 必不可少的,对…极重要的;维持生命所必需的 vital 58. n. 助理;售货员;助教. adj. 助理的,副的 assistant
27. vt. 严格要求(自己);惩罚;训练. n. 训练,纪律;行为准则;自制力 discipline 59. adv. 极其,极端地;令人难以置信 incredibly
28. n. 闲暇,空闲 leisure 60. n. 沙土,尘土;灰尘,尘埃 dust
29. n. 全体工作人员;全体乘务人员,全体船员;专业团队 crew 61. n. 居所,住处;庇护. vt. 保护,掩蔽. vi. 躲避 shelter
30. adj. 永久的,永恒的 permanent 62. adj. 固定的,不变的;连续发生的,重复的 constant
31. adv. 完全;总共;总之 altogether 63. adj. 核能的,原子能的;核武器的 nuclear
32. n. 成套设备,成套工具;配套元件 kit
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1.absence n.缺乏,不存在;缺席→absent adj.缺席的;不在的;心不在焉的
2.occupy vt.占用,使用;居住;占领,侵占;使忙于→occupied adj.已占用的;无空闲的;使用中的→occupation n.工作;职业;占领;居住;使用
3.evaluate vt.评估,估计,评价→evaluation n.评价;估价
4.exposure n.面临,遭受;揭露;报道→expose v.使暴露;使显露;揭发;使(胶卷)曝光
5.visible adj.看得见的;明显的→invisible adj.看不见的
6.universe n.宇宙;天地万物→universal adj.普遍的;全体的;全世界的;共同的
7.origin n.起源,起因;出身→original adj.起初的;原来的;首创的;独创的 n.原著;原作
8.frequency n.发生率,出现率;频繁;频率→frequent adj.频繁的→frequently adv.频繁地
9.investment n.投资;投入→invest v.投资;投入
10.coverage n.新闻报道;覆盖范围;信息范围→cover n.覆盖物;封面;掩护物 v.覆盖;遮盖;处理;涉及;包括
11.assistant n.助理,售货员,助教 adj.助理的,副的→assist v.帮助;援助
12.dust n.沙土,尘土,灰尘,尘埃→dusty adj.脏的
13.constant adj.固定的,不变的;连续发生的,重复的→constantly adv.固定地,不变地;连续不断地,重复地
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1.使进一步了解…… cast new light on
2.在这种情况下;既然如此in the circumstances
3.鉴于,考虑到in view of
4.显而易见的 plain to see
5.为……打下基础 lay the foundation for
6.make achievements取得成就
7.come to an end结束
8.at a time每次
9.in the right direction朝着正确的方向
10.depend on依靠;依赖;取决于
11.在……的帮助下with the help of
12.看起来像look like
13.为了in order to
14.由……组成be made up of
15.陷入;困入be caught in
16.as well也
17.protect...from/against...保护……免遭……
18.take advantage of利用
19.all over the world全世界
20.be bathed in沐浴在;笼罩在
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.You are not paying all of your tuition(学费)to________(mere)go to class, study, pass tests and graduate.
2.At the foot of the mountain________(lie)a village, where people now still live a peaceful life.
3.He is a friendly person and usually________(assist)his colleagues with lots of things.
4.She suggests that women are under________(constantly) pressure to be abnormally thin.
5.These plants must be sheltered ________direct sunlight.
6.This advertisement is ________(calculate) to attract the attention of housewives.
7.Leonard made a rapid________(calculate): he’d never make it in time.
8.The measures include tight control of media________(cover).
9.You can’t hear waves of such a high________ (frequency).
10.On the contrary, they are often faced with________ (frequency) robbery from the natives there.
11.The plane has been kept in service far longer than________(origin) intended.
12.The________(origin)plan was to go by bus.
13.Chewing properly is________(crucial) important.
14.The crisis is entering ________crucial, critical phase.
15.One of my childhood________(occupy)was collecting stamps.
1.merely
【详解】考查副词。句意:你支付所有的学费不仅仅是为了上课、学习、通过考试和毕业。merely副词修饰动词go,作状语。故填merely。
2.lies
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:山脚下有一个村庄,那里的人们现在仍过着平静的生活。分析句子结构可知,本句是where引导的非限制性定语从句,主句中缺少谓语,所以lie做主句谓语,其中主句是一个倒装句,主语是a village,为第三人称单数,和lie之间是主动关系,描述的是客观事实,用一般现在时。故填lies。
3.assists
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:他是一个友好的人,通常在很多事情上帮助他的同事。结合句意和is可知,此处用一般现在时,主语为he,谓语动词用三单形式。故填assists。
4.constant
【详解】考查形容词。句意:她认为,女性一直处于保持异常苗条的压力之下。此处修饰名词pressure,应用形容词constant(持续的),作定语。故填constant。
5.from
【详解】考查介词。句意:这些植物必须遮蔽,避免阳光直接照射。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用动词搭配be sheltered from“免受……的伤害”。故填from。
6.calculated
【详解】考查被动语态。句意:这则广告是为了吸引家庭主妇的注意而设计的。分析句子可知,主语advertisement和calculate之间是被动关系,空处应填过去分词和is构成现在完成时的被动语态。故填calculated。
7.calculation
【详解】考查名词。句意:伦纳德迅速盘算了一下:他永远也赶不上了。此处作made的宾语,应用名词calculation,由空前不定冠词可知,应用名词单数形式。故填calculation。
8.coverage
【详解】考查名词。句意:这些措施包括对媒体报道的严格控制。根据句意和空格前介词of可知,应填入名词形式coverage,构成名词词组media coverage,意为“媒体报道”,作宾语。故填coverage。
9.frequency
【详解】考查名词。句意:你听不到这么高频率的波。此处作介词of的宾语,应用名词,由空前不定冠词可知,应用名词单数形式。故填frequency。
10.frequent
【详解】考查形容词。句意:相反,他们经常面临来自于当地人的频繁的抢劫。分词句子成分可知,空处需要形容词来修饰空后的名词robbery。故填frequent。
11.originally
【详解】考查副词。句意:这架飞机的服役时间远远超过了原计划。此处修饰形容词intended,应用副词originally,作状语。故填originally。
12.original
【详解】考查形容词。句意:最初的计划是搭公交车去。空处应填形容词修饰名词plan。origin的形容词是original,表示“最初的,原本的”。故填original。
13.crucially
【详解】考查副词。句意:正确地咀嚼是至关重要的。修饰后文形容词important应用副词crucially,作状语。故填crucially。
14.a
【详解】考查冠词。句意:危机正进入一个至关重要的决定性阶段。分析句子可知,可数名词phase在句中指“一个(至关重要的决定性)阶段”,泛指,应用不定冠词修饰,又因为其后的单词crucial发音以辅音素开头,应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
15.occupations
【详解】考查名词复数。句意:我童年的消遣之一是收集邮票。one of后用名词复数,occupy名词是occupation。故填occupations。
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
(2025·河北秦皇岛·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A China’s automobile brand recently introduced a humanoid robot at one of its Malaysian dealerships (经销店). Originally designed as 1 digital character meant to connect with the young generation by the metaverse (虚拟世界) and social media, this product evolved into a humanoid robot that can interact with 2 (customer) in the real world. The humanoid robot uses a multimodal sensing model that allows it to 3 (accurate) perceive the gestures and commands of humans. For decision-making, the humanoid robot uses AI’s large language models, which allow it to understand natural language and deliver 4 (person) responses.
The robot was first unveiled in 2023, but in 2025, it 5 (enter) commercial service at a car dealership in Kuala Lumpur, 6 the robot became a fully operational sales assistant. The robot uses its speaking skills 7 (consult) with customers on their specific needs and preferences, answer their questions, and even assist people 8 test drives.
It 9 (declare) that the robot will be used as a customer service assistant in public places such as shopping malls, cinemas, and exhibitions. Humanoid robots have improved a lot, but it will still take them some time to function well in the real world through business 10 (negotiate) and interaction with humans.
【答案】
1.a 2.customers 3.accurately 4.personal 5.entered 6.where/and 7.to consult 8.with/in 9.is declared 10.negotiation
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款中国汽车品牌推出的人形机器人,该机器人最初设计为虚拟数字角色,后演变为能在现实世界与顾客互动的人形机器人,具备多模态感知、自然语言理解等能力,并将在商场等公共场所作为客服助理使用,不过人形机器人仍需时间在实际商业场景中良好运作。
1.考查冠词。句意:该产品最初被设计为一个数字角色,旨在通过元宇宙和社交媒体与年轻一代建立联系,后来演变成一个可以在现实世界中与客户互动的人形机器人。character为可数名词单数形式,此处表示泛指,且digital发音以辅音音素开头,需用不定冠词a。故填a。
2.考查名词复数。句意同上。customer为可数名词,此处表示泛指,且没有冠词限定,需用名词复数形式。故填customers。
3.考查副词。句意:人形机器人使用多模态传感模型,使其能够准确感知人类的姿势和指令。修饰动词perceive,需用副词accurately,作状语。故填accurately。
4.考查形容词。句意:在决策方面,人形机器人使用人工智能的大型语言模型,使其能够理解自然语言并提供个性化响应。修饰名词responses,需用形容词personal,作定语。故填personal。
5.考查动词时态。句意:该机器人于2023年首次亮相,但到2025年,它在吉隆坡的一家汽车经销店投入商业服务,成为了一名完全投入运营的销售助理。根据时间状语in 2025可知,此处使用一般过去时。故填entered。
6.考查定语从句或连词。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词a car dealership,在定语从句中作地点状语,需用关系副词where引导;或者用连词and连接两个并列的句子,表示顺承关系。故填where/and。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意:机器人利用其说话技巧与客户就他们的具体需求和偏好进行咨询,回答他们的问题,甚至协助人们试驾。use sth. to do sth.为固定用法,意为“使用某物做某事”。故填to consult。
8.考查介词。句意同上。assist sb. with/in sth.为固定短语,意为“在某方面帮助某人”。故填with/in。
9.考查时态和固定句型。句意:据宣布,该机器人将在商场、电影院和展览等公共场所用作客户服务助理。此处陈述客观事实,使用一般现在时,此处为固定句型it is declared that...“据宣布……”,it是形式主语,that引导主语从句。故填is declared。
10.考查名词。句意:人形机器人已经有了很大的改进,但它们仍需要一些时间通过商业谈判和与人类的互动在现实世界中良好运作。and连接并列成分,空处需填名词negotiation,与interaction并列,作介词through的宾语。故填negotiation。
(24-25高二下·四川德阳·期末)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In recent years, various countries have explored approaches to developing clean energy in Antarctica, 1 solar and wind energy being the primary focus. 2 , the extreme conditions and shortage of technologies make it tough for solar and wind power generation equipment to maintain stable and efficient operation.
Recently, a clean energy system 3 (tailor) for polar conditions has been put into operation in China’s Qinling station in Antarctica.
This is a big achievement because it 4 (great) lowers the station’ s need for fossil fuels and its possible harm to the environment. The breakthrough means China has become the first country 5 (achieve) the large-scale operation of a clean energy system under extreme Antarctic conditions.
According to the lead scientist, Sun Hongbin, 56, this project marks a major advance in China’s efforts to explore green energy solutions in polar regions.
Since the launch of the system on March 1, it 6 (replace) traditional diesel(柴油) power sources, 7 (provide) uninterrupted zero-carbon power for the research equipment and essential living facilities at Qinling station, which was established in February last year as China’s 8 (five) Antarctic research station.
Solar and wind power now provide about 60 percent of the total energy that the system can produce. In situations 9 there isn’t enough wind or sun, hydrogen that has been stored can be used to provide extra power.
Sun stressed the primary challenges in ensuring the 10 (stable) and safety of the equipment. Still, he hopes to establish a 20,000-square-meter Antarctic extreme environment simulation laboratory in Shanxi to enhance future research.
【答案】
1.with 2.However 3.tailored 4.greatly 5.to achieve 6.has replaced 7.providing 8.fifth 9.where 10.stability
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了我国探索了在南极洲发展清洁能源的一项重大突破,即一个为极地条件量身定制的清洁能源系统。
1.考查介词。句意:近年来,各国探索了在南极洲发展清洁能源的方法,太阳能和风能是主要重点。分析句子结构可知,空格处应该填写介词,因为空格后无提示词,也不是句子不需要加连词,且energy“能源”为不可数名词,不需要加冠词。根据句意看,介词with符合语境,表示前文提到的清洁能源中有太阳能和风能,是一种所属关系。故填with。
2.考查副词。句意:然而,极端条件和技术短缺使太阳能和风力发电设备难以保持稳定高效运行。分析句意可知,空格前后的句子在语义上构成转折关系。前文说“太阳能和风能是主要重点”,而后文却说“make it tough for solar and wind power generation equipment to maintain stable and efficient operation(使太阳能和风力发电设备难以保持稳定高效运行)”,构成转折关系,副词however“然而”符合语境。故填However。
3.考查过去分词。句意:最近,为极地条件量身定制的清洁能源系统已在中国南极秦岭站投入运行。分析句子结构可知,动词tailor“为……量身打造,量体裁衣”需要改为过去分词形式,因为在句子它充当名词system“系统”的后置定语,构成被动关系。故填tailored。
4.考查副词。句意:这是一项重大成就,因为它大大降低了空间站对化石燃料的需求及其对环境可能造成的危害。分析句意可知,形容词great“极好的”需要改为副词形式greatly“极大地,很大程度上”,因为它在句子用于修饰动词lower“降低”。故填greatly。
5.考查不定式。句意:这一突破意味着中国已成为第一个在南极极端条件下实现清洁能源系统大规模运行的国家。分析句子结构可知,动词achieve“获得,实现”应该使用不定式,因为它在句子充当名词country“国家”的后置定语,且country前有序数词修饰,根据语法规则,名词前有序数词修饰时,使用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to achieve。
6.考查动词时态。句意:自3月1日该系统推出以来,它取代了传统的柴油电源,为秦岭站的研究设备和基本生活设施提供了不间断的零碳电力,秦岭站于去年2月成立,是中国第五个南极研究站。分析句子结构可知,句子包含时间状语“Since the launch of the system on March 1(自3月1日该系统推出以来)”,故谓语动词replace“取代”应该使用现在完成时,主语为代词it,故助动词用has。故填has replaced。
7.考查现在分词。句意:同上。分析句子结构可知,动词provide在句子不是谓语动词,而是伴随状语,即该系统取代传统的柴油电源的同时为秦岭站的研究设备和基本生活设施提供了不间断的零碳电力,故使用现在分词表示主动伴随的动作。故填providing。
8.考查序数词。句意:同上。分析句意可知,数词five“五”在句子的应该表示的是序数词的含义,即这是中国第五个南极研究站,需要改为序数词形式fifth。故填fifth。
9.考查关系副词。句意:在没有足够的风能或太阳能的情况下,储存的氢气可以用来提供额外的电力。分析句子结构可知,名词situations“情况”在句子充当的是抽象地点,但是它后面有一个定语从句用于修饰它,故可判断situations同时也是定语从句的先行词,而从句是there be句型,并不缺主要成分,分析可知situations在定语从句中也充当地点状语,故使用关系副词where引导定语从句符合语境。故填where。
10.考查名词。句意:Sun强调了确保设备稳定性和安全性的主要挑战。分析句子结构可知,空处作动名词ensuring“确保”的宾语,需要如并列宾语safety“安全”一样使用名词形式,即stability“稳定性”,表示抽象含义是不可数名词。故填stability。
考点三Unit 3 Back to the Past词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. n. 宽度;广泛 breadth 40. adj. 杰出的,优秀的;异常的,罕见的 exceptional
2. vt. 使确信,使相信;说服,劝说 convince 41. n. 成语,习语;短语,词组 phrase
3. n. 航海,航行,航天. vi. 航行,远行* voyage 42. n. 总体安排,设计;版式 format
4. n. 舰队;捕鱼船队;车队* fleet 43. n. (pl. shelves / elvz/)(书架等的)架子,搁板 shelf
5. vt. 航行;导航. vi. 导航* navigate 44. vt. 采用,采取;表决采纳;领养,收养. vi. 领养,收养 adopt
6. 代表(或代替);为帮助;为了 on behalf of 45. n. 对比;比较 comparison
7. vt. & vi. 装上,装入. n. 负载;承载量;大量 load 46. vt. & vi. 塞进,挤进;装(箱),收拾;打包;包装. n. 包,包裹;小盒,小包 pack
8. n. 罗盘,指南针;圆规* compass 47. adj. 相反的,相对立的;截然不同的 contrary
9. n. 航海日志,正式记录;原木. vi. & vt. 伐木 log 48. 与…相反 contrary to
10. vt. & vi. 加强,增强 strengthen 49. n. 地狱;苦难的经历,悲惨的境况* hell
11. adj. 友好和睦的;协调的,和谐的 harmonious 50. prep. & adv. 在(车、船、飞机等)上,上(车、船、飞机等) aboard
12. vt. 不予考虑,对…不屑一提;去除,摒除;解雇;解散 dismiss 51. vt. & vi. 擦,磨,搓;相互摩擦* rub
13. n. 证据,证明 proof 52. n. 洗手间,厕所 washroom
14. vt. 承认(权威、地位);承认(属实);(公开)感谢 acknowledge 53. n. 制服;队服. adj. 一致的,统一的 uniform
15. adj. 有很大影响力的,有支配力的 influential 54. adv. 猛烈地,厉害地;强烈地,激烈地;凶狠地 violently
16. vi. & vt. 坚决要求,坚持;坚持说 insist 55. n. 雕 eagle
17. n. 路线,路途;途径,渠道 route 56. vi. 俯冲;跳水;潜水. n. 冲,扑,俯冲;潜水;跳水 dive
18. adj. 财政的,金融的,财务的 financial 57. vi. 轰隆隆地响;打雷. n. 雷,雷声 thunder
19. vi. & vt. 离开,起程 depart 58. vi. & vt. (froze, frozen) 突然停止,呆住;结冰;冻僵 freeze
20. n. 不足,短缺 shortage 59. n. 甲板,舱面* deck
21. vi. 漏,渗漏;渗入. vt. 漏,渗漏;泄露n. 漏洞 leak 60. adv. 同时;其间;对比之下 meanwhile
22. n. 惊恐,恐慌. vi. & vt. (panicked, panicked)(使)惊慌,惊慌失措 panic 61. vt. 拖,拉;缓慢而费力地移动 drag
23. adv. 不顾,不加理会 regardless 62. n. 混乱,杂乱 chaos
24. 不管,不顾 regardless of 63. n. 海军,海军部队 navy
25. n. 岸,滨 shore 64. vi. (bled, bled) 失血,流血 bleed
26. adj. 随后的,后来的 subsequent 65. vt. 密谋,策划;使孵出. vi. 孵化 hatch
27. n. 船长,机长;上校;队长 captain 66. n. 阴谋;故事情节. vi. & vt. 密谋 plot
28. 使成为可能;考虑到,把…计算在内 allow for 67. n. 臭名昭著,声名狼藉;恶行,罪恶* infamy
29. n. 王国;管辖范围 kingdom 68. vi. & vt. (sank, sunk)下沉,沉没;坐下;降低 sink
30. vt. 使十分惊讶,使吃惊 astonish 69. n. 纪念碑(或像等);纪念物 memorial
31. adj. 盛大的,庄严的;皇家的,王室的 royal 70. vi. & vt. 企盼,祈求;祈祷,祷告 pray
32. n. 坟墓* tomb 71. n. 一段经历,片段;一集 episode
33. adj. 文学的,文学上的;爱好文学的 literary 72. n. 纺织品;纺织业* textile
34. adv. 广泛地;广阔地 extensively 73. vt. 改进,改良,改革. n. 改革,改良 reform
35. vt. 使便利,促进 facilitate 74. n. 产量,输出量 output
36. 理顺,整理;把…安排好 sort out 75. n. 织物,布料 cloth
37. adj. 可获得的,可找到的;有空的 available 76. n. 改变,转移;轮班. vi. & vt. (使)移动,(使)转移;改变 shift
38. n. 监狱 prison 77. n. 小屋,村舍 cottage
39. n. 大臣,部长 minister 78. 家庭手工业 cottage industry
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1.convince vt.使确信,使相信;说服,劝说→convincing adj.令人信服的;有说服力的→convinced adj.坚信不移的;确信的
2.strengthen vt.& vi.加强,增强→strong adj.强壮的→strength n.力气;力量;强项
3.harmonious adj.友好和睦的;协调的,和谐的→harmoniously adv.协调地,和谐地→harmony n.融洽,和睦;和谐
4.proof n.证据,证明→prove vt.证明;检验;显示vi.证明是
5.acknowledge vt.承认(权威、地位);承认(属实);(公开)感谢→acknowledgement n.承认;确认;感谢
6.influential adj.有很大影响力的,有支配力的→influence n.影响;势力;感化;有影响的人或事 vt.影响
7.financial adj.财政的,金融的,财务的→finance n.金融;财经
8.depart vi.& vt.离开,起程→departure n.离开,起程
9.shortage n.不足,短缺→short adj.短的;不足的;矮的,低的→shorten vt.缩短;减少;变短 vi.缩短;变短
10.subsequent adj.随后的,后来的→subsequently adv.随后,其后;后来
11.astonish vt.使十分惊讶,使吃惊→astonishing adj.令人感到惊讶的→astonishment n.惊诧;震惊→astonished adj.惊诧的
12.literary adj.文学的,文学上的;爱好文学的→literature n.文学;文献;文艺;著作
13.extensively adv.广阔地;广泛地→extensive adj.广泛的;大量的;广阔的→extension n.拓展;延伸
14.exceptional adj.杰出的,优秀的;异常的,罕见的→exception n.例外;异议
15.adopt vt.采用,采取;表决采纳;领养,收养vi.领养,收养→adopted adj.被收养的;被采用的→adoption n.收养;采用
16.comparison n.比较;对比→compare v.比较,对比;与……类似;将……比作
17.violently adv.猛烈地,厉害地;强烈地,激烈地;凶狠地→violence n.暴力;暴行→violent adj.暴力的;猛烈的
18.freeze vi.& vt.(froze,frozen)突然停止,呆住;结冰;冻僵→freezing adj.冰点以下的,结冰的;极冷的;(雾、雨)冻的n.冰点→frozen adj.冻结的;冷酷的
19.bleed vi.(bled,bled)失血,流血→blood n.血,血液;血统→bleeding n.出血;渗色
20.memorial n.纪念碑(或像等);纪念物→memorize vt.记住,背熟;记忆→memory n.记忆,记忆力;内存,[计]存储器;回忆
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1.代表(或代替);为帮助;为了on behalf of
2.不管,不顾 regardless of
3.使成为可能;考虑到;把……计算在内allow for
4.理顺,整理;把……安排好 sort out
5.pay a visit to 参观
6.search for 寻找;搜索
7.have an impact on 对……有影响
8.pass on 传递;传下去
9.in panic 惊慌地
10.carry on with 继续
11.与……相反 contrary to
12.同时 in the meanwhile
13.家庭手工业 cottage industry
14.祈祷,祈求 pray for
15.逼真的 true to life
16.open up 敞开心扉
17.make one’s bed 整理床铺
18.get in touch with 和……取得联系
19.declare war on/against 对……宣战,向……宣战
20.deliver a speech 发表演讲
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.We are now living in a_________(harmony) society.
2.The man deserved their thanks________ his bravery. (因……值得)
3.The twins look identical,but can be told from each other by________(compare).
4.When rescue personnel arrived, the two had ________ (freeze) to death.
5.Camus is considered to be one of the twentieth century’s ________ (literature) giants.
6.There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given __________(finance) support to roll it out countrywide.
7.His dream is to build a memorial______________(memorize) the firefighters who saved his life during the fire.
8.The injured dog was abandoned to the waste land, ______________(bleed)to death.
9.The couple tried every possible means to save their______________(adopt)son, but in vain.
10.She had never thought he’d blow up so______________(violent).
11.You can see products of our company___________(advertise)wherever you go.
12.He suspected that the military________(plot) against him secretly for the time being.
13.It’s rude to keep dragging _________his divorce.
14.The player is not sick; _________the contrary, he is in very good condition.
15.The quality of our goods is far _________comparison.
1.harmonious
【详解】考查形容词。句意:我们现在生活在一个和谐的社会中。根据句意和所给名词harmony以及空格后的名词society可知,空格处应该填入harmony的形容词形式harmonious作定语,修饰后面的名词society。故填harmonious。
2.for
【详解】考查介词。句意:这个人因为他的勇敢,值得他们的感谢。此处意为“因......”,应用介词for,故填for。
3.comparison
【详解】考查名词。句意:这对双胞胎看起来很像,但是通过比较,是可以区别开来的。根据句子分析可知,此处应用名词作by的宾语,故填comparison。
4.been frozen
【详解】考查被动语态。句意:当救援人员赶到时,两人已被冻死。根据句意可知,“救援”为过去的动作,所以“冻死”在“救援”之前发生,应为过去的过去,所以应为过去完成时,又因是“被冻死”,所以应用被动语态。故填been frozen。
5.literary
【详解】考查形容词。句意:加缪被认为是二十世纪的文学巨匠之一。设空处在名词giants前,应用形容词作前置定语,literature的形容词为literary,意为“文学的”。故填literary。
6.financial
【详解】考查形容词。句意:目前,英国东北部有700名老人在20家护理院照顾母鸡,该慈善机构得到了资金支持,将这项活动推广到全国各地。名词应由形容词修饰。空后为名词support,所以此处用形容词financial,作定语,故填financial。
7.to memorize
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他的梦想是建造一座纪念碑来纪念在火灾中救了他一命的消防队员。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处作目的状语,应用动词不定式。故填to memorize。
8.bleeding
【详解】考查非谓语。句意:受伤的狗被遗弃在荒地上,流血过多而死。分析句子可知,句中已有谓语was abandoned,空处需使用非谓语作状语,且主语the injured dog(受伤的狗)和bleed(流血)之间是逻辑上的主动关系,因此需使用现在分词。故填bleeding。
9.adopted
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这对夫妇想尽一切办法去救他们的养子,但都徒劳无功。空处在句中作定语,修饰名词son,应用形容词adopted“收养的”,故填adopted。
10.violently
【详解】考查副词。句意:她从未想过他会如此暴跳如雷。根据句意,修饰动词blow up,应用副词violently,作状语,意为“激烈地,强烈地”。故填violently。
11.advertised
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:无论你走到哪里,都能看到本公司产品的广告。空处应填非谓语动词的形式,products与advertise之间为被动关系,应用过去分词表示被动,作宾语补足语,所以空处应填advertised。故填advertised。
12.was plotting##were plotting
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:他怀疑军方目前正在暗中策划对付他。根据He suspected及for the time being可知,此处陈述过去正在发生的事情,应用过去进行时,military是集合名词,与the连用强调整体时,谓语动词可用单数形式;强调个体时,谓语动词可用复数。故填was/were plotting。
13.up
【详解】考查介词。句意:老是提他离婚的事是不礼貌的。drag up“有意旧事重提”。故填up。
14.on
【详解】考查短语。句意:这个运动员没有生病,相反,他的状态很好。短语:on the contrary“相反”,故填on。
15.beyond
【详解】考查介词。句意:我们产品的质量是无与伦比的。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处应用介词beyond“超出(范围)”。故填beyond。
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
(2025·辽宁·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There is a Chinese story of an old man in his 90s working with his family to remove mountains to connect the outside world despite others’ doubts, which has inspired the Chinese to unite and overcome difficulties with hard work and 1 (determine).
The story became a reality in Lin County, Henan Province in the 1960s, with a 1,500-kilometer-long waterway along the cliffs of the Taihang Mountains 2 (build) by the local people within 10 years, bringing precious water from the Zhanghe River in the bordering Shanxi Province 3 the drought-hit area.
Initially, finding drinking water was 4 headache for residents, for people had to fetch water from five kilometers away every day. 5 (ease) this area’s water shortages, the local government decided to construct a canal across the mountains, 6 construction was a remarkable engineering achievement. People dug canals with simple tools, leveling 1,250 mountain tops and 7 (remove) 22.25 million cubic meters of earth and rocks until June 1969.
Since then, their deeds 8 (praise) as the “spirit of the Red Flag Canal”, which 9 (dramatic) changed the life of the local people. Professor Zhou Ruichang from Henan University remarked, “It is 10 (fantasy) that their heroic acts solved water supply difficulties to some 567,000 people.”
【答案】
1.determination 2.built 3.to 4.a 5.To ease 6.whose 7.removing 8.have been praised 9.dramatically 10.fantastic
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了红旗渠的修建及其带来的影响和意义。
1.考查名词。句意:中国有一个故事,一位90多岁的老人不顾他人的怀疑,和家人一起移山,以连接外部世界,这个故事激励着中国人团结起来,用努力和决心克服困难。空处和hard work并列,作介词with的宾语,需用determine的名词形式determination“决心”,且为不可数名词。故填determination。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意:20世纪60年代,这个故事在河南省林县成为现实,当地人在10年内沿着太行山的悬崖修建了一条1500公里长的水道,将山西漳河的宝贵水源引入干旱地区。此处为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的with复合结构,空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语,a 1,500-kilometer-long waterway和build为逻辑动宾关系,需填过去分词形式。故填built。
3.考查介词。句意同上。bring sth. from...to...为固定搭配,意为“把某物从……带到……”。故填to。
4.考查冠词。句意:起初,寻找饮用水是居民们头疼的问题,因为人们每天都要从5公里外取水。headache为可数名词,此处表示泛指一件头疼的事情,且headache发音以辅音音素开头,需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意:为了缓解该地区的水资源短缺,当地政府决定修建一条横跨山区的运河,这是一项了不起的工程成就。空处需填非谓语动词作目的状语,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填To ease。
6.考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是a canal,指物,关系词在从句中作定语,修饰名词construction,表示所属关系,意为“……的”,需用whose引导。故填whose。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意:人们用简单的工具挖掘运河,平整了1250座山顶,挖出了2225万立方米的土石,直到1969年6月。空处和leveling并列,作伴随状语,主语People和remove之间为主谓关系,需用现在分词形式。故填removing。
8.考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:从那时起,他们的行为被誉为“红旗渠精神”,极大地改变了当地人民的生活。根据时间状语“Since then”可知,此处使用现在完成时,主语deeds和praise为被动关系,需用被动语态,主语为复数名词,助动词用have。故填have been praised。
9.考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰动词changed,需用副词dramatically“显著地;极大地”作状语。故填dramatically。
10.考查形容词。句意:河南大学周瑞昌教授说:“他们的英雄行为解决了约56.7万人的供水问题,这简直是不可思议。”空处需填形容词作表语,fantastic意为“不可思议的,了不起的”。故填fantastic。
(24-25高二下·云南昆明·阶段练习)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tea 1 (discover) in China around 5,000 years ago. Prior to the Tang Dynasty, tea was seen as a medicine for its ability 2 (calm) people and make them fall asleep. Tea drinking became a craze during the Tang Dynasty.
During this period, the famous story of Lu Yu 3 (arise). One day, he asked a soldier to fetch him water from the middle of the river. When presented with the water, Lu Yu 4 (immediate) recognized that the water was not from the middle of the river and knocked over the jug (水罐) until half of the water remained. He then tasted the water again, and said that this water was, in fact, from the middle of the river. The soldier was shocked: How had Lu Yu known that half of the water was replaced with water from the outskirts of the river Lu Yu earned 5 title of the “God of Tea”, because he could distinguish the minute differences between water 6 (source) and leaves. His work is known 7 Cha Jing.
With the rise of trading tea across Eurasia, tea became a luxury during the 17th century in the Netherlands 8 Portugal. It quickly became the favored drink of the princess of Portugal, Catherine of Braganza, 9 married King Charles II later. Her love of tea created a part of British culture. 10 (label) as the “Queen’s favorite drink”, the Chinese product grew in demand. British thirst for tea drove the expansion of tea’s influence.
【答案】
1.was discovered 2.to calm 3.arose 4.immediately 5.the 6.sources 7.as 8.and 9.who 10.Labeled/Labelled
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是茶的历史与文化影响。
1.考查时态,被动语态和主谓一致。句意:大约5000年前,茶在中国被发现。Tea是句子的主语,与“discover”之间为被动关系,再根据“around 5,000 years ago”可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,主语Tea是不可数名词,因此空格处是was discovered。故填was discovered。
2.考查不定式。句意:在唐朝之前,茶被视为一种药物,因为它能让人平静下来,让人入睡。the ability to do为固定搭配,表示“有做某事的能力”,故填to calm。
3.考查时态。句意:在这一时期,出现了关于陆羽的著名故事。该句时间状语为“在这个时期”,即唐朝,应使用一般过去时,空格处用过去式arose,故填arose。
4.考查副词。句意:当士兵把水呈给他时,陆羽立刻察觉到这水并非取自河中央,于是他将水壶打翻,直至剩下半壶水。该空修饰动词recognized,应使用副词immediately,意为“立刻”,故填immediately。
5.考查定冠词。句意:陆羽获得了“茶神”的称号,因为他能分辨出水源和叶子的细微差别。该空修饰可数名词title,应使用冠词,“茶神”为特指,应使用定冠词进行修饰,故填the。
6.考查名词的复数。句意:陆羽获得了“茶神”的称号,因为他能分辨出水源和叶子的细微差别。source是可数名词,此处表示不同的水源,要用复数形式,与leaves并列,故填sources。
7.考查介词。句意:他的著作名为《茶经》。根据句意,可知陆羽的传世之作为《茶经》,短语be known as表示“被称为……”,因此空格处是介词as,故填as。
8.考查连词。句意:随着欧亚大陆茶叶贸易的兴起,茶叶在17世纪的荷兰和葡萄牙成为一种奢侈品。the Netherlands和 Portugal是并列关系,因此用and表并列,故填and。
9.考查定语从句。句意:它很快成为后来嫁给国王查理二世的葡萄牙公主Catherine of Braganza最喜欢的饮料。该空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰表示人的先行词Catherine of Braganza,且连接词在从句中作主语,因此用关系代词who,故填who。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意:这种中国产品被贴上了“女王最爱的饮料”的标签,需求量大增。句中谓语是grew,空格处用非谓语动词,the Chinese product和label之间是逻辑动宾关系,因此用过去分词labeled/labelled表被动,作状语,位于句首的单词首字母大写,故填Labeled/Labelled。
考点四Unit4 Protecting Our Heritage Sites词汇表
知识点1 读单词、识词义
1. n. 遗产* heritage 37. n. 合作,协作;协助,配合 cooperation
2. vt. 使惊叹,使敬畏. n. 敬畏,惊叹 awe 38. vt. 预测,预报. n. 预测,预报 forecast
3. n. 文明;社会文明;文明社会,文明世界 civilization 39. vt. 打扰,插嘴;使暂停,使中断. vi. 打扰,插嘴 interrupt
4. vt. 维护,保护,保存;维持 preserve 40. n. 保护;保持 conservation
5. adj. 紧急的,紧迫的;催促的,急切的 urgent 41. n. 提议,动议;运动;动作 motion
6. (使)磨损,(使)逐渐磨平 wear down 42. vt. & vi. 投票,表决. n. 选票;投票 vote
7. n. 金字塔* pyramid 43. n. 运河 canal
8. vt. 破坏,毁坏;使破产,毁灭. n. 毁坏,毁灭;破产;残垣断壁 ruin 44. n. 迁徙,迁移,移居* migration
9. adj. 极好的,极大的;不能相信的,难以置信的 incredible 45. n. 遗产* legacy
10. n. 黏土,陶土 clay 46. n. 壮丽,雄伟 splendour
11. n. 雕像,雕塑品;雕刻术 sculpture 47. n. 自然保护区;储备. vt. 预订;预留;保留 reserve
12. n. 导弹 missile 48. n. 盆地;洗脸盆;盆;流域 basin
13. n. 暴力,暴行;狂热,激情 violence 49. adj. 很大的,十分强烈的;有强烈感情的,热切的;激烈的 intense
14. n. (军事)冲突,战斗;争论;矛盾,不一致. /k n fl kt/ vi. 冲突,抵触 conflict 50. adj. 简陋的,落后的;原始的,远古的 primitive
15. adj. 国民的;国家的;民事的 civil 51. vt. 感到渺小,感到谦卑. adj. 谦虚的,谦卑的 humble
16. n. 身份,地位;状况,情形* status 52. n. 走廊,地带;通道* corridor
17. (正常使用造成的)磨损,损耗 wear and tear 53. vt. 追求,致力于,执行;追逐 pursue
18. adj. 内部的;国内的 internal 54. vt. & vi. 提交,呈递;屈服 submit
19. n. 结果,效果 outcome 55. vi. 出现;暴露;露头 emerge
20. n. 礁,礁脉* reef 56. vt. 指定,指派;分配;确定 assign
21. n. 珊瑚adj. 珊瑚色的* coral 57. 成形,有了模样 take shape
22. n. 生态,生态学 ecology 58. n. 一批,一连串,一系列;线;弦 string
23. n. 计划,方案;议程表,议事日程 agenda 59. n. 毛织物;羊毛 wool
24. n. 佛塔* pagoda 60. n. 棉织物;棉,棉花 cotton
25. n. 钉子;指甲. vt. 固定 nail 61. n. 山洞,洞穴 cave
26. n. 专家咨询组,讨论小组;嵌板;仪表盘 panel 62. adj. 佛教的. n. 佛教徒* Buddhist
27. n. 专家;专科医生. adj. 专业的 specialist 63. n. 扩展,扩大,膨胀 expansion
28. vt. 评估,评定;估算 assess 64. n. 倡议,新方案;主动性 initiative
29. vi. 倒塌,坍塌;昏倒. n. 昏倒;倒塌 collapse 65. n. 重要阶段,里程碑 milestone
30. n. 咨询,商讨;就诊 consultation 66. n. 赤道 equator
31. vt. 暂停;悬,挂 suspend 67. n. 展示的场合;玻璃柜台 showcase
32. n. 分歧;分开,分隔 division 68. adv. 在(或去)别处 elsewhere
33. n. 水坝* dam 69. n. 进入;参与,加入;参赛 entry
34. n. 建筑师;设计师 architect 70. n. 费;报酬 fee
35. n. 操作人员,技工;接线员 operator 71. vt. 明令禁止,取缔;禁止做某事n. 禁令 ban
36. n. 事件;冲突 incident
知识点2 重点常考派生词词形转换
1.awe vt.使惊叹,使敬畏 n.敬畏,惊叹→awesome adj.令人敬畏的;使人畏惧的;可怕的;极好的
2.urgent adj.紧急的,紧迫的;催促的,急切的→urgency n.紧急;催促
3.incredible adj.极好的,极大的;不能相信的,难以置信的→incredibly adv.令人难以置信地
4.violence n.暴力,暴行;狂热,激情→violent adj.暴力的;猛烈的→violently adv.猛烈地;剧烈地
5.specialist n.专家;专科医生 adj.专业的→special adj.特别的;专门的;特殊的
6.assess vt.评估,评定;估算→assessment n.评定;评估
7.consultation n.咨询,商讨;就诊→consult vt.咨询;请教;商量;查阅
8.division n.分歧;分开,分隔→divide v.分割;划分;分配
9.architect n.建筑师;设计师→architecture n.建筑学;建筑设计
10.operator n.操作人员,技工;接线员→operate v.工作;运转;操作→operation n.手术;运转
11.cooperation n.合作,协作;协助,配合→cooperate vi.合作,配合;协力
12.interrupt vt.打扰,插嘴;使暂停,使中断 vi.打扰,插嘴→interruption n.打扰;插嘴
13.conservation n.保护;保持→conserve vt.保护;保存
14.reserve n.自然保护区;储备 vt.预订;预留;保留→reservation n.预约,预订;保留
15.primitive adj.简陋的,落后的;原始的,远古的→primitively adv.最初地;原始地
16.assign vt.指定,指派;分配;确定→assignment n.分配;任务
17.wool n.毛织物;羊毛→ woollen/woolen adj.毛纺的;羊毛的
18.expansion n.扩展,扩大,膨胀→expand v.扩展,扩大,增加
19.entry n.进入;参与,加入;参赛→enter vt.进入
知识点3 重点词组短语固定搭配
1.(使)磨损,(使)逐渐磨平wear down
2.(正常使用造成的)磨损,损耗 wear and tear
3.采取行动 take action
4.为了……的利益 for the benefit of
5.属于 belong to
6.for instance 例如
7.take...as an example 以……为例
8.at the thought of 一想到
9.on purpose 故意
10.take apart 拆开
11.成形,有了模样 take shape
12.是……所在地 be home to
13.为……感到自豪 be proud of
14.传递 pass on
15.此外 in addition to
16.take one’s breath away 令人惊叹;让人叹绝
17.serve as 充当
18.contribute to 有助于,促成
19.raise funds 筹集资金
20.call for 提倡,呼吁
考向1 重点词汇综合检测
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Your suggestion ________ (submit) to the commission for its consideration.
2.Tomorrow is the last date for the ________ (submit) of entries for the competition.
3.Earth Day is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness____________ environmental protection.
4.Actions should be taken to make people aware____________ the harm of air pollution.
5.When the company took a vote____________ the promotion, he thought his friends would vote____________ him, but in fact they turned round and gave their____________(vote)to somebody else.
6.Let’s go somewhere where we can talk without____________(interrupt).
7.Despite the good weather____________(forecast), the next morning was as wet as ever.
8.It____________(forecast) that inflation will remain below 3%.
9.The new production plant came into ____________(operate) last month.
10.The manager didn’t know how to deal with the____________(divide) on the matter.
11.Opinions are____________(divide) on this question whether we should have a Starbucks in the Forbidden City.
12.As the work can____________(divide)among several people, it can be finished ahead of schedule.
13.China is a___________(develop) country with a promising future.
14.The policeman___________(suspend)while the complaint was investigated.
15.You shouldn’t have done it without___________(consult)me.
1.was submitted
【详解】考查动词语态。句意:你的建议已提交委员会考虑。submit与主语是逻辑动宾关系,应用被动语态,句子陈述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时。故填was submitted。
2.submission
【详解】考查名词。句意:明天是提交参赛作品的最后日期。句子结构分析可知设空处应为名词做介词for的宾语,所给词submit的名词submission意为“提交, 呈递”符合句意。故填submission。
3.of
【详解】考查介词。句意:地球日是一年一度的活动,旨在提高公众的环境保护意识。结合句意可知此处应填介词of,raise one’s awareness of…意为“提高……的意识”,固定搭配。故填of。
4.of
【详解】考查介词。句意:应该采取行动使人们意识到空气污染的危害。短语:be aware of“意识到”,结合句中提示,故填of。
5. on for votes
【详解】考查介词和可数名词单复数。句意:当公司对他的晋升进行投票表决时,他以为他的朋友们会投他的票,但实际上他们却把票投给了别人。根据句意和空格前的took a vote可知,第一空是考查固定搭配take a vote on something(对……投票表决)。所以填on。第二空是考查vote和介词for的搭配:vote for somebody(投票支持某人)。所以填for。第三空,根据句意和空格前的their可知,空格处应该填入名词vote的复数形式votes,因为vote当“选票”讲时是可数名词。故填votes。故填①on②for③votes。
6.interruption##being interrupt
【详解】考查名词或动名词。句意:我们找个不被人打扰的地方谈谈吧。介词without后接名词或动名词作宾语。we与interrupt之间为被动关系,所以用动名词的被动形式。根据句意,故填interruption/being interrupt。
7.forecast
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:尽管预报称天气很好,但次日上午仍然阴雨绵绵。动词forecast和the good weather之间是被动关系,应用过去分词,表示被动,故填forecast。
8.is forecast
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意:据预测,通货膨胀率将保持在3%以下。It be forecast that...是固定句型,其中it为形式主语,that引导主语从句,be forecast是被动语态;结合句意和从句时态可知,主句中是现在作出预测,用一般现在时态,be动词用is。故填is forecast。
9.operation
【详解】考查名词。句意:新的生产工厂上个月开始运营。come into operation表示“开始运营“,其中用名词operation作came into的宾语,且为不可数名词。故填operation。
10.divisions
【详解】考查名词。句意:经理不知道如何处理在这件事上的分歧。结合句意及空前动词短语的deal with可知此处应填名词形式division,作宾语,分歧不止一个,所以应用复数形式divisions。故填divisions。
11.divided
【详解】考查形容词。句意:在我们是否应该在紫禁城开星巴克这个问题上,意见有分歧。空处应填形容词作表语,divided有分歧的,形容词。故填divided。
12.be divided
【详解】考查情态动词和动词语态。句意:由于这项工作可以由几个人分工,所以可以提前完成。the work 与动词divide之间为被动关系,依据空前的情态动词can,所以空处应用动词的被动语态形式be divided。故填be divided。
13.developing
【详解】考查形容词。句意:中国是一个有前途的发展中国家。分析句子结构可知,名词country需加入形容词作为定语,且根据句意可知,此处表示“发展中的”,故填developing。
14.was suspended
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:因该警察遭投诉,在调查期间已令其暂停职务。分析句子结构可知,此处填入的动词时作为句子的谓语动词。根据while从句的was可知,主句也应用一般过去时。且主语The policeman与动词suspend之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。故填was suspended。
15.consulting
【详解】考查动词。句意:你不应该没有征求我的意见就做这件事。作介词的宾语,consult应用动名词形式。故填consulting。
考向2 单元话题语法填空练习
(2025·湖北襄阳·模拟预测)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Straw (稻草) hats are now gaining a new life as fashionable and internationally sought-after products — thanks in part 1 a centuries-old craft from Shandong province. The grass weaving (编织) technique of Tancheng county, Linyi city, 2 (recognize) as a provincial-level intangible cultural heritage of Shandong in 2021.
The craft has deep 3 (root) in the local community. 4 (know) for its simplicity, practicality and accessibility, grass weaving is a collective, hands-on skill passed down through generations. The process involves several steps, 5 consist of starting the weave, placing it on a mold, layering grass, removing the mold, locking the edge and shaping.
Currently, the local workshop produces thousands of hat styles, with 6 annual output of 3 million units and a production value of 30 million yuan. Its products are exported to over 30 countries and regions, 7 (include) US, Europe, Japan and South Korea. It has adopted a model of “enterprise + branch factories + processing centers +cooperatives” 8 (expand) operations and create jobs. It has established 30 branch factories, 53 processing centers and l agricultural cooperative in surrounding towns and counties, providing 9 (employ) for over 20, 000 people. To further increase sales, the workshop also launched an e-commerce division and livestreaming accounts to reach online consumers and 10 (strength) its digital presence.
【答案】
1.to 2.was recognized 3.roots 4.Known 5.which 6.an 7.including 8.to expand 9.employment 10.strengthen
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了山东郯城草编技艺被认定为省级非遗,助力当地经济发展和就业。
1.考查介词。句意:稻草帽如今正作为一种时尚且在国际上备受追捧的产品获得新生——这在一定程度上要归功于来自山东的一项有数百年历史的手工艺。thanks to为固定短语,意为“多亏,由于”。故填to。
2.考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:临沂市郯城县的草编工艺于2021年被认定为山东省省级非物质文化遗产。根据时间状语in 2021可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,时态用一般过去时,主语technique和recognize“认可”之间是被动关系,用一般过去时的被动语态,主语是第三人称单数,be动词用was。故填was recognized。
3.考查名词的数。句意:这项手工艺在当地社区有着深厚的根基。have deep roots in为固定短语,意为“在……有深厚的根基”,root是可数名词,此处用复数形式。故填roots。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:草编以其简单、实用和易上手而闻名,是一种代代相传的集体实践技能。be known for为固定短语,意为“因……而闻名”,本句谓语为is,此处为非谓语动词,省略be,用过去分词作状语,句首首字母需大写。故填Known。
5.考查定语从句。句意:这个过程包括几个步骤,包括开始编织、放在模具上、分层草、移除模具、锁边和成型。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是steps,指物,关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语,用关系代词which引导。故填which。
6.考查冠词。句意:目前,当地工坊生产数千种帽子款式,年产量300万顶,产值3000万元。an annual output of是固定搭配,意为“年产量为……”,annual以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an。故填an。
7.考查介词。句意:其产品出口到美国、欧洲、日本和韩国等30多个国家和地区。此处表示“包括……在内”,用介词including。故填including。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意:它采用了“企业+分厂+加工中心+合作社”的模式来扩大业务和创造就业机会。本句谓语为has adopted,此处为非谓语动词,表示目的,用动词expand“扩大”的不定式,作目的状语。故填to expand。
9

展开更多......

收起↑

资源列表