资源简介

(共64张PPT)
定语从句
relative clause
限制性定语从句
restrictive relative clause
who/whom/that/which/whose
Declan is a famous
singer.
He sings the song
tell me why. ings
Declan is a famous
singer who sings
the song tell me why.
Leading-in
He is a popular singer
whose song is popular
among young people.
He is a popular singer.
His song is popular among young people.
All is well that ends well.
结局好, 一切都好。
He who laughs last laughs best.
谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。
What clause sentenses从句 are they
Restrictive限制性 relative定语 clauses从句
Restrictive限制性和non-restrictive非限制性 relative定语 clauses从句
共同点：
定语从句，修饰名词/代词
不同点：
1. 形式不同：非限制性有“,”
He is a popular singer whose song is popular. 限制性
He is a popular singer, who writes songs day and night. 非
2. 关系词：非限制性不能使用that
3. 由于限定范围不同导致意思不同
Jay Chou is a person, who is handsome.非限制性， 不限制，可能只有1个周杰伦
Jay Chou is a person who is handsome. 限制性，限制person，不止一个人叫周杰伦
课本P52. Ex1. Find and underline the restrictive relative clauses in the sentences below.
The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible
experience that my great-grandma cannot
forget.
The couple who live next to us volunteered
to help after the volcano erupted.
The supplies which were provided to the
disaster area were collected from around the
country.
Presentation
Mr Li is an architect whose designs for the
new town have won praise.
A doctor with whom James used to work
died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador.
修饰人时：
作主语，可用
作宾语，可用
修饰人时，谁的，统一用
总结：修饰人时，（除了介词+宾语），统一用who/that
who/that
who/that/whom/可省略
whose
修饰物时：
作主语，可用
作宾语，可用
修饰物时，什么的，统一用
总结：修饰物时，（除了介词+宾语），统一用which/that
which/that
which/that/可省略
whose
总结：修饰人/物，都可用that；谁的/什么的，用whose
who/whom/that
who/that
that/which
that/which
who/whom/that
whose
56．On social media sites, people tend to post only positive updates信息 ___________make them appear happy and friendly.
57．Walk and Talk is perfect for anyone ___________ weekends need some excitement.
58．You’ll find taxis waiting at the station ___________ you can hire租借 to reach your host family.
59．The research found that people ___________ keep fit are more likely to have better memories and clearer thinking.
60．Do you know the person with ___________ I shook hands just now
that/which
whose
that/which
who/that
whom
1103英语周测
特殊规则1：介词with+whom修饰人；介词with+which修饰物
没有something
that/which
that
that
that
巧学活用2
写出下面定语从句中使用关系代词that的原因
①(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range.
__________________________________________________________
②This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.
__________________________________________________________
③This is the only thing that we can do now.
__________________________________________________________
④The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all.
__________________________________________________________
先行词被不定代词all修饰
先行词football games前面有最高级the most exciting修饰
先行词thing前面有the only修饰
先行词为既有表示人(The scientist)又有表示物(his achievements)的名词
who
who
that/which
that/whom/who
whose
that/which
that/whom/who
who
whose
that
that/which
whose
whose
that/which
that
that/whom/who
that/which
1．On the first day, I should want to see the people ___________kindness and gentleness and companionship have made my
life worth living.
2. I am sure he is one of the smartest people _________I have ever met.
3．The things and persons _______________influenced people most often shaped their values.
4. .My sister, _________is junior to me by two years, studies in the third grade in a junior high school, ___________ is near a bus station
whose
that
that
who
which
限时训练六
特殊规则：非限制性（有,）定语从句中，除了that不能用，其他语法规则不变
非限制性定语从句不能用that
5． In the busy world ________ we live in, we all need a relaxing holiday.
6．It sounded like a train___________ was going under my house.
7．We'll never forget the heroes___________ brought people hope in difficult times.
8．Who is the man ____________is standing there
9.What he presented just now is the very case _____________I want to introduce to you.
that/which
that/which
that/who
that
that
Do you know the person ___________ I shook hands with just now
This is the city _________ I lived in.
whom/who/that
which/that
介词+宾语；缺宾语，修饰人，用whom/who/that
介词+宾语；缺宾语，修饰物，用which/that
Do you know the person with ___________ I shook hands just now
This is the city in _________ I lived.
特殊规则：把介词提前，强调介词；介词with+ whom修饰人；介词with+ which修饰物
whom
which
介词前置
2) The terrible shaking of the building woke up all
the people _____ were asleep.
3) The next day, people put up shelters in the open
air using anything ____ they could find.
课本P52
Ex2 Complete each sentence with that, which, who, whose, whom, or “/”. Then translate the sentences into Chinese.
1) Here are some of the people ______homes
were destroyed by the typhoon.
whose
who
that
这里一些人的房子被台风摧毁了。
剧烈震动的建筑物使所有熟睡的人都惊醒了。
第二天，人们在户外用他们能找到的任何东西搭起了庇护所。
5) The injured boy ________ mother was lost in
the disaster was taken to the hospital.
4) Several days later, most of the buildings ____
had been damaged by the hurricane were
repaired.
that
几天后，大部分被飓风毁坏的建筑物都修复了。
whose
那个受伤男孩的母亲在灾难中丧生，他被送去了医院。
6) The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier
by _____ she was rescued.
whom
这名妇女给救助她的士兵写了一封感谢信。
7) Is this the young boy _____ saved several other
students trapped under buildings
who
这就是把几个困在建筑物下面的学生解救出来的男孩吧？
P90 EX1 Fill in the blanks with that, which,who, whose, or whom.
1 A disaster is a very bad accident or a sudden
event________________usually causes great damage and can ruin many people's lives.
2 The woman wanted to find and thank the firefighter________________rescued her from the fire.
3 A typhoon is an extremely strong wind__________________often happens in the Western Pacific Ocean.
4. The children __________parents could not be found were looked after by neighbours and friends.
5 A tsunami is a very large wave_______________is often caused by an earthquake under the sea.
6 People to__________much is given are people of__________much will be expected.
which/that
who/that
which/that
whose
which/that
whom
whom
限制性定语从句
restrictive relative clause
where/why/when
which/that
This is the city _________ I lived.
which
特殊规则：把介词提前，强调介词；介词with+ whom修饰人；介词with+ which修饰物
This is the city _________ I lived in.
This is the city in _________ I lived.
[语法体会]
标出下列定语从句的引导词
①The time when I first met Mary was a very difficult period of my life.
②The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away.
③The reason why he didn't come to school yesterday isn't believable.
答案：①when　②where　③why
Presentation
被动语态还缺宾语吗？
China held the 29th Olympic Games.
中国举办了第29届奥运会。
主动语态：
The 29th Olympic Games was held.
第29届奥运会被举办。
被动语态：
The 29th Olympic Games was held by .
被动语态中，如有介词如by/in/on，则缺名词/宾语；否则句子完整
The 29th Olympic Games was held in .
The 29th Olympic Games was held on .
主语+谓语结构
被谁举办？By China
在哪被举办？in Beijing/China
何时被举办？On Aug 8,2008
[知识精要]
定语从句除了由关系代词引导外，还可由关系副词when，where，why引导，它们在从句中作状语。
一、关系副词引导的定语从句
1．when表示时间，代替先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如time，day，hour，year等。
We will never forget the year when the 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing.我们将永远不会忘记第29届奥运会在北京举办的那一年。
被动语态
I spend too much time watching television.
我看电视花的时间太多。
This is not a good place for you to live.
这个地方不适合你居住。
They live in a small hometown.
他们住在一个小城镇里。
及物动词，后+名词/宾语；
不及物动词后可不加名词/宾语；
不及物动词+介词+名词/宾语
（不）及物动词后+名词？
I spend too much time watching television.
我看电视花的时间太多。
They wanted to spend the evening by themselves.
他们想要单独度过这个夜晚。
Businessmen spend enormous amounts advertising their products.
商人们花巨额资金为他们的产品做广告。
spend是及物动词（后+名词/宾语）还是不及物动词？
spend是及物动词，后+名词/宾语
Spend是及物or不及物动词？
[误区警示]
当先行词是时间名词时，既可以用when引导定语从句，也可以用that/which引导定语从句，关键要看它在定语从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，则用when引导；若关系词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。
Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm？你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that/which作spend的宾语)
Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night？你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语)
2．where表示地点，代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词，如place，factory工厂，house，village等。
They got to a country cottage，where they were warmly received.他们来到一家农舍，在那里他们受到热情的招待。
[误区警示]
当先行词为地点名词时，如果代替先行词的关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which引导定语从句。
They got to a country cottage in which they were warmly received.
They got to a country cottage which they were warmly received in.
3．why表示原因，代替先行词在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般是reason。
I don't know the reason why he wasn't present at the meeting yesterday.我不知道昨天他为什么没有出席会议。
[误区警示]
若代替先行词reason的关系词在定语从句中不作状语，而是充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导定语从句。
I don’t know the reason that/which he told me.
二、关系代词与关系副词的选用
定语从句的引导词用关系代词还是关系副词可用以下两种方式判断：
用法 依据
根据从句谓语动词判断 是及物动词，后面若无宾语，用关系代词；是不及物动词则用关系副词
根据先行词在从句中作的成分判断 把先行词放进定语从句中，若作主语或宾语用关系代词；作状语则用关系副词
This is the factory where he used to work.
这是他以前工作过的那家工厂。(work是不及物动词)
This is the factory (that/which) I visited last year.
这是我去年参观过的那家工厂。(visit是及物动词)
Is this the museum (that/which) you visited a few days ago
这就是你几天前参观的那家博物馆吗？(从句缺少宾语)
Is this the museum where the exhibition was held
这就是举办展览的那家博物馆吗？(从句缺少地点状语)
四、 when, where 和 why 与 “介词＋关系代词”的替换
The date on _________ I joined the Party was October 12,2018.
The date _________ I joined the Party was October 12,2018.
我入党的日期是2018年10月12日。
1．when=“at/in/during/on等＋which”。
which
when
四、 when, where 和 why 与 “介词＋关系代词”的替换
2．
The house in_______ Tom lived is now a library. live 是不及物动词
汤姆住过的那栋房子现在是图书馆了。
The house _________ Tom lived is now a library.
where=“in/at/on等＋which”。
which
where
四、 when, where 和 why 与 “介词＋关系代词”的替换
Is that the reason for ________________she was absent from meeting？那就是她没有出席会议的原因吗？
Is that the reason ________________she was absent from meeting？
3．why=“for＋which”。
which
why
五、 where 引导的定语从句与状语从句的区别
1．where引导定语从句时，它是关系副词，在定语从句中作地点状语，其前有一个表示地点的先行词。
Is there a shop around where (＝in which) we can get some fruit？附近有我们可以买到水果的商店吗？
2．where引导状语从句时，where为从属连词。where引导的地
点状语从句修饰主句中的谓语动词，where前面没有表示地点的名词。
Where there is a will，there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。
We should go where we are needed. 我们应当到需要我们的地方去。
常见的及物动词(后必须要+名词/宾语)：
He reached Paris the day before yesterday.主谓宾
Please hand me the book. 主谓+双宾语 hand sb sth
They asked me to go fishing with them. 主谓宾+宾补
其他及物动词：
Buy, visit, make, take, say, see, watch, catch, show,
常见的不及物动词（后不能直接+宾语，仅主+谓结构）：
This is the room where I once lived. 主谓结构
不及物动词若要接宾语，必须+介词+宾语
The children are listening to the music.
She is laughing at the child.
常见的不及物动词：
Listen, go, work, agree, fail, succeed
I work in a farm.
I don’t agree with you.
I failed/succeed again.
①I don't know the exact time ________ the sports meet will take place不及物.
I don't know which day _____________ the sports meet will take place on.
②The exact year ___________ Angela and her family spent及物动词 together in China is 2008.
④The man _______________ you spoke to just now is our English teacher.
The man to_______________ you spoke just now is our English teacher.
⑤I believe the reason ___________ Mary gave及物动词 for her absence from the school.
I believe the reason ___________ Mary gave it for her absence from the school.
③That was the way _____________________ she worked the problem out.
when
(which/that)
whom/who/that
that/which
that
whom
that/in which/省略
why
way +that /in which/省略+句子
（非）限制性定语从句
restrictive relative clause
介词+whom/which
Do you know the person ___________ I shook hands with just now
This is the city _________ I lived in.
whom/who/that
which/that
介词+宾语；缺宾语，修饰人，用whom/who/that
介词+宾语；缺宾语，修饰物，用which/that
Do you know the person with ___________ I shook hands just now
This is the city in _________ I lived.
特殊规则：把介词提前，强调介词；介词with+ whom修饰人；介词with+ which修饰物
whom
which
介词前置
3．“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
(1)五种构成形式
构成 句法
功能 用法指津
名词(代词)＋介词＋关系代词 主语 可转化为“whose＋名词”结构
数词(形容词最高级)＋of＋关系代词 主语 数词还可以用some，many，most，each等不定代词替换
介词(短语)＋关系代词 状语 关系代词只能用which或whom且不能省略，但可与关系副词互换
介词＋关系代词＋名词 状语 关系代词常用which 和whose
介词＋关系副词 状语 有时为了表达清楚，还可以在关系副词where/when前加介词from或to
She has two brothers and both of _______ are doctors.
She has two brothers, both of __________are doctors.
I have many books and most of _________ are cartoons.
I have many books, most of _________ are cartoons.
them/whom/which
them
them
whom
which
(2017 江苏卷)In 1963, the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
A which B its C whose D whom
C 其中之一的目的是……
谓语动词用单数or复数？
This is a computer system which/that _______ very useful.(be)
I dislike places which/that_______ noisy.(be)
She is one of my friends who/that___________ uniforms.(wear)
She, who___________ uniforms, is one of my friends .(wear)
is
are
总结：定语从句中的谓语动词取决于先行词（所修饰名词/代词）的单复数
wear
wears
介词+which/whom中介词的选择
基础达标
维度一　用适当的关系词或“介词＋关系代词”填空
1．I saw a house _______ windows are broken.
2．I don't like cities _____________ have a lot of factories.
3．I shall never forget the day _________________ we first met不及物 in a park.
4．The person ___________ loses the library book must pay for it.
5．The runner ___________________ you are asking about is over there.
whose
that/which
when/on which
who/that
(whom/who/that)
6．The film _______________ they are talking about is very interesting.
7．She is the engineer _______ work is considered to be the best here.
8．Many countries are now setting up national parks _______________ animals and plants can be protected.
9．I don't know the reason ___________________ you quarreled with her.
10．It happened in November _______________ the weather was wet and cold.
(that/which)
whose
where/in which
(why/for which)
when/in which
作业：完成报纸P15语法I
1. The river _________flows through London is called the Thames.
2. Mark is my best friend __________shares common interests with me.
3. A true friend is someone __________accepts your past, supports your present and encourages your future.
4. Zhang Guimei is a role model ___________has greatly moved many people.
5. My daughter likes the book very much ________cover is light green.
which/that; that; who;who/that;whose
作业：完成报纸P19语法I
6. Bob likes the new bike _________was bought by his uncle.
7. She’s one of those people _________love to be the centre of attention
8. Mr Brown _______life had been completely changed by an act of kindness decided to help people in need.
9. When jack returned home, he told everything ________had happened in his school to his mother.
10. This is the best film _______I have ever seen and it is well worth seeing a second time.
which/that;who; whose;that;that

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