资源简介

Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1.This book for kids only c　　　　　　 fifty words， all of which are easily read and understood.
2.Don’t be so s　　　　　　 — I am not speaking ill of you.
3.China will l　　　　　　 more space probes to the moon.
4.It rained， t　　　　　　 the football match was postponed.
5.I was amazed at her knowledge about modern Chinese 　　　　　　（文学）.
6.Physical fitness has now become an important 　　　　　　（要素） in our lives.
7.An interesting 　　　　　　（特征） of the city is the old market preserved well.
8.A writer should provide 　　　　　　（背景） for readers to help them understand what’s happening in a story.
9.Some measures are taken to narrow the 　　　　　　（差距） between the rich and the poor.
10.They were in the process of resolving all the unsettled 　　　　　　（问题）.
维度二：词形转换
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.Your choice of clothes is a 　　　　　　（reflect） of your personality.
2.I’d like to give you a 　　　　　　（describe） of the Lantern Festival.
3.Putting ourselves in their shoes is of great 　　　　　　（significant） when we have conflicts with friends.
4.We should overcome our weaknesses and fears with courage and 　　　　　　（determine）.
5.The aim of the summer camp was to 　　　　　　（awake） an interest in and an understanding of foreign cultures.
6.Family is a 　　　　　　（universe） theme of writing because it pushes us to consider where we come from and how our experiences have shaped us.
7.Staying at home seemed more 　　　　　　（appeal） than going out for work.
8.Heavy drinking can cause 　　　　　　（permanence） damage to the brain.
9.Some of us are 　　　　　　（sense） to smells， others find colours easier to remember.
10.Basically， the article can be 　　　　　　（summary） in three sentences.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1.她正在路上走着， 突然听到有人大声呼救。（be doing ...when ...）
She 　　　　　　　　　　　　she heard someone shouting for help.
2.走在教练身后的是穿着蓝色队服的我们的队员们。（完全倒装）
Behind the coach 　　　　　　　　　　　　wearing blue suits.
3.最令我惊讶的是这个小女孩小提琴拉得那么好。（what引导名词性从句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the little girl could play the violin so well.
4.毕业后，我们到了不得不决定下一步该做什么的阶段了。（where引导定语从句）
After graduation we reached a point 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
5.那个男孩在窗前做着鬼脸， 透过窗户我们可以看到几双鞋子。（“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句）
The boy is making faces in front of the window，　　　　　　　　　　　　 some pairs of shoes.
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　We can get a lot of benefits 1.　　　　　　 reading literature， as reading literature 2.　　 　　　
（create） a world of dreams and magic for us.Literature has appealed 3.　　　　　　 so many people with its three significant 4.　　　　　　（quality）.Firstly， literature presents truth and beauty.Those who read literary works will be able to see the 5.　　　　　　 （hide） beauty too.Secondly， literature can appeal to people to dig out their own feelings.6.　　　　　　 attracts people most is that literature can use its words 7.　　　　　　 （awake） us up to have the power to feel and imagine， 8.　　　　　　 guides us into a world of love， beauty and heroism.Thirdly， with the two features above combined， literature will try to be 9.　　　　　　 （permanence）.In summary， literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty， the 10.　　　　　　 （write） record of man’s thoughts and feelings， and the history of the human soul.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
You know that classics like Little Women and To Kill a Mockingbird started as novels.But you probably didn’t know that these other famous movies also came from books.
　　Hidden Figures
　　This film told the story of real-life Katherine Johnson and other female African-American mathematicians who helped drive the United States into space in the 1960s.It was actually based on a 2016 non-fiction book and the movie did boost sales of the book.
　　Forrest Gump
　　The 1994 movie which was based on the book by Winston Groom won six Academy Awards， including Best Picture and Best Actor for the star Tom Hanks.Although the movie’s box-office success gave the book a huge boost， it’s the film that made its mark on pop culture history.
　　The Girl on the Train
　　Paula Hawkin’s psychological thriller， about a woman on a train who thinks she sees something strange out of the window， was a huge success.But unlike the fast-paced， can’t-be-put-down quality of the novel， the movie was boring.
　　Field of Dreams
　　It’s hard to describe the plot of this movie：Ray Kinsella hears a voice telling him to build a baseball field in his Iowa cornfield， and what happens next explores the themes of lost dreams， childhood heroes， and healing the pain of the past.The 1989 movie was adapted from W.P.Kinsella’s 1982 original， Shoeless Joe， but cut out some extra characters.
1.Which is the best choice for a person who loves math？（　　）
A.Hidden Figures.
B.Forrest Gump.
C.The Girl on the Train.
D.Field of Dreams.
2.Who has won the Academy Award for Best Actor according to the text？（　　）
A.Paula Hawkin.
B.Winston Groom.
C.Tom Hanks.
D.W.P.Kinsella.
3.What is special about Field of Dreams？（　　）
A.It is a romantic comedy.
B.It presents several themes.
C.It was released in 1982 for the first time.
D.It shows all the figures in Shoeless Joe.
B
　　My little son is writing his first book.He’s not the first of our family’s second generation to follow in my path.Since outing myself as an author， more than a few of my nephews and nieces have sought to outdo my efforts.Last month， my nephew Daniel laughed at me when I told him it had taken me three years to write my book， since he’d written two that weekend alone.And my niece Anna wrote a story — Two Children， Millions of Doors and Good and Evil — that was generally readable.
　　I’ve had many conversations with them about their works， because passing my wisdom to the next generation is the least that should be expected of a famous author like me.And I can promise you that these conversations are a two-way street.They help me keep up with the times， and I suggest indirectly that their lack of copyright （没有版权） means I can take their best ideas for my own work any time I choose.They’re smart kids， so they get it.
　　My son’s first book is about his grandad’s birthday， so luckily Me & Grandad’s Biggest Adventure is every bit the adventure its title suggests.“They saw fruits that they liked，” is its opening line， perhaps because of the fact that he was eating fruits at the time.“Then，” comes the next line， “they saw vegetable monsters （怪物）.”“Then they went to outer space，” appears on the following page， filled with a rocket （火箭） ship， aliens and planets， “and finally” comes the conclusion， “they went to Hook Lighthouse.”
　　This ending at a landmark on Ireland’s southeast coast is a good example of misdirection and a way to show his respect for his grandad， who takes him there most summers.More importantly， it shows he’s learned the true secret to any good story：take away all the flowery parts and keep it simple.All you really need is a beginning， a middle， and an end.
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the first paragraph？（　　）
A.To describe the efforts he made to be a famous writer.
B.To show his influence on the writing of his family’s children.
C.To compare his nephew Daniel’s story with his niece Anna’s story.
D.To stress the importance of parents reading books to their children.
5.What benefit does the author gain from chatting with his nephews and nieces？（　　）
A.He feels less bored.
B.He draws fresh ideas.
C.He gets a sense of achievement.
D.He has higher expectations for himself.
6.Which event lasts the longest in Me & Grandad’s Biggest Adventure？（　　）
A.The characters explored outer space.
B.The characters fought with monsters.
C.The characters spent time eating fruits.
D.The characters went to Hook Lighthouse.
7.What does the author think of a good story？（　　）
A.It should be based on unusual happenings.
B.It should include a surprising ending.
C.It should have at least three parts.
D.It should be simple and direct.
C
　　Two “stolen” notebooks， Notebooks B and C， written by Charles Darwin have been mysteriously returned to Cambridge University on 9 March， 22 years after they were last seen， but who returned them is a real whodunit.They were left anonymously （匿名地） in a bright pink gift bag containing the original blue box the notebooks were kept in and a plain brown envelope， on which was printed a short message：“Librarian， Happy Easter X.”
　　With an action plan to use advanced information technology to preserve important culture heritage， the notebooks were originally removed from the Special Collections Strong Rooms — where the rarest and most valuable items are kept — for photography to take place at the library in September 2000， with the photography request completed in November 2000.During a following routine check in January 2001， it was found that the small box containing the two notebooks had not been returned to its proper place.
　　For many years， previous university librarians believed that the notebooks had been misplaced in the vast storerooms and collections of Cambridge University Library.Despite a number of searches over the years， they remained undiscovered.At the start of 2020， a new search — the largest in the library’s history — was arranged by the librarian Dr Gardner， involving specialist staff assigned to search specific zones of the library’s storage facilities.However， this failed to locate the notebooks， leading to the conclusion， with the help of national experts in cultural heritage theft and recovery， that they had likely been stolen.
　　In July 1837， Charles Darwin wrote at the top of the page of one of his notebooks， “I think”.Then he drew a sketch （草图） of a tree， attempting to pose to himself the question about what is the origin of species.More than 20 years later， Darwin published On the Origin of Species.Notebooks B and C provide an extraordinary insight into Darwin’s search for the solution to what public in those days had called “that mystery of mysteries”， the origin of new species.
8.Why were Notebooks B and C taken away from their original place？（　　）
A.They were no longer regarded as the rarest and most valuable items.
B.They had to make room for the photography of special collections.
C.They would be presented for a photography exhibition in the library.
D.They needed to be recorded by taking photos for better preservation.
9.When did the library confirm the theft of the notebooks？（　　）
A.After completing the photography.
B.After routine check in January 2001.
C.After the largest search in the library’s history.
D.After discovering the returned notebooks.
10.What can we learn from the passage？（　　）
A.Notebooks B and C used to be kept in a plain brown envelope.
B.It took over 5 months to complete the photography in the library.
C.At first the librarians believed the notebooks hadn’t been stolen.
D.Charles Darwin searched the origin of trees in his notebooks.
11.Which is this passage most likely taken from？（　　）
A.A textbook.
B.A newspaper.
C.A science report.
D.An introduction to a book.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Literature is the body of written works produced by scholars and researchers， who specialise in a given field.Why is literature important？Let’s see.
　　Literary works are descriptions of the thinking patterns and social criteria （准则）.They’re a description of the different aspects of common people’s lives.12.（　　） They also encourage imagination and creativity.Exposing oneself to good literary works is like providing one with the finest educational opportunities.On the other hand， the lack of exposure to good literature is equal to depriving （剥夺） one of the opportunity to grow.
　　Some of the great literary works provide society with the guiding principles of life.Works by poets like Homer， Plato， Sappho， Horace and many more are timeless.13.（　　） The Lord of the Rings and A Tale of Two Cities are some of the best-selling books of all time that have entertained several generations.
　　There are also great works in children’s literature.Amused by the stories they tell， kids associate themselves with these books’ characters and idealise some of them.Moral stories are an aid for parents and teachers to let the kids learn important lessons in life.Aesop， Enid Blyton， and Mark Twain are some of the most widely popular children’s authors.14.（　　）
　　True， languages are the building blocks of literature.But the study of literature cannot be restricted to only studying languages.15.（　　） A degree in language and literature perhaps can’t provide one with everything literature can offer.Its scope （范围） is so deep and wide that even a lifetime may not be enough to really study literature.
　　16.（　　） Great literary and poetic works help a person take a closer look at the different aspects of living.In many ways， literature， in its different forms， can change one’s attitude towards living.
A.Literature helps understand life.
B.Literature has an effect on health and wealth.
C.They have enriched the childhoods of so many.
D.Classical literary works serve as food for thought.
E.In fact， literature can’t be limited to an educational course.
F.They have always amused their readers and will continue to.
G.Instead， literature lays the foundation for a wealthy life， adding “life” to “living”.
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础知识自测
维度一
1.contains　2.sensitive　3.launch　4.therefore
5.literature　6.element　7.feature　8.context　9.gap　10.issues
维度二
1.reflection　2.description　3.significance　4.determination
5.awaken　6.universal　7.appealing　8.permanent
9.sensitive　10.summarized
维度三
1.was walking down the road when
2.walked our team
3.What surprised me most was that
4.where we had to decide what to do next
5.through which we can see
维度四
1.from　2.creates　3.to　4.qualities　5.hidden　6.What　7.to awaken　8.which　9.permanent　10.written
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四部根据文学作品改编的著名影片。
1.A　细节理解题。根据Hidden Figures中的第一句可知，Hidden Figures讲述了真实人物凯瑟琳·约翰逊和其他非洲裔女性数学家的故事，所以喜欢数学的人可以选择这部电影。
2.C　细节理解题。根据Forrest Gump中的第一句可知，Tom Hanks赢得了奥斯卡最佳男主角奖。
3.B　推理判断题。根据Field of Dreams部分第一句可知，电影Field of Dreams探讨了失落的梦想、童年英雄和治愈过去的痛苦等主题。由此可知，这部电影有好几个主题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在写作方面影响了家族中的下一代，并着重介绍了他儿子写的故事。
4.B　目的意图题。根据第一段内容可知，作者是一名作家，在他的影响下，他的儿子、侄子和侄女都追随他的脚步创作自己的故事书，他甚至评价侄女Anna的故事可读性强。由此推断，本段中作者介绍了他在写作方面给家族的孩子们产生的影响。本段中的out作动词，意为“揭露，公布（别人想要保守的秘密）”；outdo作动词，意为“胜过”。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知，作者在与他的侄子和侄女聊天中受益匪浅，获得了一些新的写作灵感。
6.A　推理判断题。倒数第二段作者详细介绍了他儿子创作的故事内容，作者儿子写的故事中，关于他们（故事的主人公们）在外太空的篇幅长达一页。由此可知，该故事中这个事件持续时间最长。
7.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的倒数第二句可知，作者认为儿子掌握了写作的秘诀：去繁从简。由此可知，他认为好的故事应该简单且直接。flowery作形容词，意为“过分复杂费解的；华而不实的”。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了两本被盗的笔记本被神秘地归还给了剑桥大学一事。
8.D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，这两本笔记本被从特别收藏室拿出来的原因是需要通过拍照记录的方式进行更好的保护。
9.C　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，在经历图书馆历史上最大规模的一次搜索之后，图书馆才确认这两本笔记本被盗。
10.C　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，起初图书管理员认为笔记本只是被放错了地方，并没有被偷。
11.B　文章出处题。通读全文尤其是第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了两本被盗的笔记本被神秘归还一事，第一段交代了时间、地点以及主要经过，所以本文为新闻报道，即选自报纸。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了文学的重要性。
12.D　设空处后一句提到了文学作品的其中一个作用，根据其中的关键词also可知，设空处也应提到文学作品的作用。D项（经典文学作品是思想的食粮）符合语境。
13.F　空前一句论述了一些伟大的诗人的作品是永不过时的，F项（它们总是为读者提供消遣，并将继续这样做）符合语境，接着论述这些作品的影响力，F项中的They指代前一句中的Works。
14.C　根据本段首句可知，本段介绍的是儿童文学的影响；空前一句列举了一些儿童文学作家，C项（他们丰富了许多人的童年）与本段儿童文学主题一致，C项中的They指代前一句中提到的儿童文学作家。
15.E　空前一句指出文学研究不能局限于语言研究，空后一句又指出一个语言文学学位也许不能提供文学所能提供的一切。由此可推知，文学范围很广，不能仅限于语言研究，E项（事实上，文学不能局限于一门教育课程）与此处语义一致，符合语境。
16.A　结合空后的内容可知，本段主要讲述文学对生活的影响。故A项（文学有助于理解生活）符合语境，能够概括本段主旨。
6 / 6Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
The wonder of literature①
[1]A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell② and held it to his ear.Suddenly he heard strange， low， musical sounds.These sounds seemed to be from another world and the child listened to them with wonder.[2]Then the man explained that the child heard nothing strange， and that the shell caught a range of③ sounds too faint for human ears.[3]What amazed the child was not a new world， but the unnoticed④ music of the old.
　　[1]be doing ...when ...意为“正在做……这时……”，when用作并列连词，表示“就在这时/那时”，相当于and at this/that time。
　　[2]explained后接两个that引导的宾语从句，第一个that可以省略，但是第二个that不可以省略。
　　[3]What amazed the child是主语从句，且What在从句中作主语；not ...but ...意为“不是……而是……”，连接两个并列成分。
　　Some such experience as this lies in store⑤ for us when we begin the study of literature.[4]Let a little song appeal⑥ to the ear， or a great book to the heart， and we discover a new world， a world of dreams and magic.To enter and enjoy this new world， we need to love literature， and make an effort to explain it.[5]Behind every book is a man， behind the man is the race， and behind the race are the natural and social environments.We must know all these， if the book is to speak its whole message.[6]In a word， we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature.The first step is to determine⑦ some of its significant⑧qualities.
　　[4]句中or a great book to the heart是省略句，完整的表述是or let a great book appeal to the heart。使用省略的目的是避免重复，使语言精练。
　　[5]本句使用了排比的修辞手法，可以增强语言感染力。三个分句都是表语前置的完全倒装句。
[6]句中where引导定语从句，修饰先行词point。　　The first quality of literature is its description⑨ of truth and beauty.[7]Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive⑩ human soul brings them to our attention， just as the shellreflects the unnoticed sounds.A hundred men may pass a field and see only dead grass； but a poet stops， looks deeper， sees truth and beauty， and writes，“Yesterday’s flowers am I.”[8]One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes before.
　　[7]本句主句是“主系表”结构的句子。until引导时间状语从句； as引导方式状语从句。
[8]句中who reads it是定语从句，修饰先行词One； 主句谓语是is capable of； that was hidden from his eyes before 是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the beauty。
　　The second quality of literature is its appeal to our feelings and imagination.[9]Its attraction lies more in what it awakens in us than what it says.[10]When Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus asks in the presence of Helen， “Was this the face that launched a thousand ships？” he opens a door through which our imagination enters a new world， a world of love， beauty and heroism.
　　[11]The third quality of literature， coming out of the other two， is its permanence .To achieve this， it should contain two elements： universal interest and personal style.Good literature reflects the most basic of human nature — love and hate， joy and sadness， fear and hope.It also takes on a personal style—no writer can describe human life without reflecting his own life and experiences.
　　[9]句中what it awakens 和 what it says均为what引导的宾语从句，作lies in的宾语。
　　[10]When引导时间状语从句；that引导定语从句；through which our imagination enters ...是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 door。
　　[11]句中coming out of the other two是动词-ing短语作定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句which comes out of the other two。
　　In summary ， literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty， the written record of man’s thoughts and feelings，and the history of the human soul.
（Adapted from William J.Long’s English Literature： Its History and Its Significance for the Life of the English-Speaking World）
【读文清障】
①literature n.文学，文学作品
works of literature 文学作品
classic literature 经典文学
literary adj.文学的，文学上的
literal adj.文字上的，字面意义的
②shell n.贝壳；壳
hold shell to one’s ear 把贝壳放在耳边
③a range of 一系列……，各种各样的
④unnoticed adj.未受到注意的；被忽视的；未被看见的
⑤in store （for sb）即将发生（在某人身上），等待着（某人）
⑥appeal vi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n.吸引力；申诉；呼吁
appeal to 有吸引力，有感染力，引起兴趣
⑦determine vt.确定；支配；决心vi.决心
determined adj.坚决的，果断的，有决心的
determination n.决心，果断
⑧significant adj.有重要意义的，显著的
significance n.重要性，意义
⑨description n.描述，形容，说明
give a detailed description of 对……作详细的说明
⑩sensitive adj.感觉敏锐的；体贴的；敏感的；灵敏的
a sensitive human soul 一个敏锐的人类灵魂
reflect vt.& vi.反映，显示；映出（影像）；反射（声、光、热等）；沉思
reflection n.反射；反映；沉思
capable adj.有能力，有才能；能力强的
be capable of 能够；有能力
lie in 在于
[同义]consist in 在于；存在于
awaken vt.& vi.唤起，被唤起；（使） 醒来
awake vt.& vi.唤醒；（使）醒来；唤起，被唤起
adj.醒着的（尤指入睡前或刚醒时）
launch vt.使（船）下水；开始从事，发动
launch a ship 让船起航
launch a spaceship 发射宇宙飞船
permanence n.永久，持久性
permanent adj.永久的，持久的
contain vt.包含，含有，容纳
contain oneself 克制自己；自制
[联想] sth included/including sth 包括某物
universal adj.普遍的，共同的；普遍存在的
universal interest 广泛的关切
a universal language 通用语言
human nature 人性
take on 承担；呈现，具有；雇用
summary n.总结，概括，概要
in summary 总的来说
in forms of 以……形式
in the form of 以……形式
【参考译文】
文学的奇妙之处
　　孩子和男人在海滩上散步，孩子发现了一枚贝壳，把它放到了耳边。突然，他听到了奇怪、低沉、悦耳的声音。这声音仿佛来自另一个世界，孩子听后十分惊奇。随后男子解释说其实孩子听到的声音并没有什么奇怪的，只不过是贝壳捕捉到了各种对人的耳朵来说太微弱的声音而已。让孩子为之惊奇的其实不是一个新世界，而是旧世界那被人忽视的乐音。
当我们开始学习文学的时候，我们可能就会有一些像这样的体验。让一首小曲娱悦我们的耳朵，让一部巨著触动我们的心灵，这样我们便会发现一个全新的世界，一个充满梦想和魔力的世界。要进入这个新世界，并享受其中的乐趣，我们需要热爱文学，并尽力去解读它。每本书背后都有一个人，此人身后是一个族群，这个族群背后是自然和社会环境。如果一本书要传递完整的信息，我们就必须理解所有这些内容。总之，我们现在已经到了想要欣赏和理解文学的阶段。第一步是确定它的一些重要特质。
文学的第一个特质是它对真与美的描写。有些真与美一直不为人所察觉，直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，这就正如贝壳把那些被人忽视的声音呈现出来一样。一百个人路过一片田野时，眼中所见的可能都只是枯草，而一位诗人则会停下脚步，看得更透，他看到真与美，并且写下这样的诗句：“昨日我曾是鲜花。”读到这句诗的人可以发现曾视而不见的美。
文学的第二个特质在于它能打动我们的情感，启发我们的想象力。文学的魅力更多在于它唤起了我们什么，而不在于它说了什么。当克里斯托弗·马洛笔下的浮士德博士当着海伦的面问道：“这就是让一千艘战舰起航的那张面孔吗？”他便打开了一扇门，通过这扇门，我们的想象力抵达了一个充满爱、美和英雄主义的新世界。
文学的第三个特质是其持久的生命力，它源于前两个特质。要实现这一点，它须包含两个要素：广泛的关切和个人的风格。好的文学作品反映了人性最基本的本质——爱与恨、喜与悲、恐惧与希望。它也带有个人风格——没有哪个作家能够在描写人类的生活时不反映其个人生活和经历。
总之，文学是以真和美的形式对生命的表达，是人类思想和感情的写照，是人类灵魂的历史。
（改编自威廉· J.朗恩的《英国文学：历史及其对英语世界生活的意义》）
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks with suitable words.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What’s the purpose of the story in Paragraph 1？（　　）
A.To amuse the readers.
B.To kill the time.
C.To introduce the topic.
D.To praise the man.
2.What should we do to enter and enjoy the new world mentioned in Paragraph 2？（　　）
A.Determine literature’s qualities.
B.Love literature and try to explain it.
C.Study literature and enjoy little songs or great books.
D.Understand human race and the natural and social environments.
3.What elements should the literature contain to achieve permanence？（　　）
A.Truth and beauty.
B.Dreams and magic.
C.The author’s thoughts and feelings.
D.Universal interest and personal style.
4.Which of the following is NOT the most basic of human nature？（　　）
A.Success. B.Sadness.
C.Hate. D.Hope.
5.According to the author， good literature 　　　　.（　　）
A.describes the truth and beauty
B.contains at least two elements
C.reflects the author’s life and experiences
D.reflects the most basic of human nature
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1.词汇学习——循规律，记单词
（1）同/近义词、反义词
恰当使用同义词、近义词和反义词能够增强语言表达的精确性，增强语言的表现力，展现文学词汇的多彩性，增强读者的阅读兴趣。
本篇文章中运用了几对同义词、近义词以及反义词，请找出并试着自己再写出一些。
①同/近义词： 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
②反义词：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
（2）名词后缀-ce/-er
①significant adj.有重要意义的，显著的＋去t＋-ce→significance n.意义；重要性
例如：important→importance n.重要性
different→difference n.不同；差异
silent→silence n.沉默
②contain vt.包含，含有，容纳＋-er→container n.容器；集装箱
例如：cook→cooker n.炊具，厨灶
play→player n.播放器；运动员；参与者
compute→computer n.计算机；电脑
2.美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
排比是把三个或三个以上结构相同或相似、意思密切相关、语气一致的词语或句子成串地排列在一起的一种修辞方法。
请从课文中找出一个排比句。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
devote oneself to 致力，专心，献身
【教材原句】　My meaning simply is， that whatever I have tried to do in life， I have tried with all my heart to do well； that whatever I have devoted myself to ...
我的意思很简单，就是我无论在生活中试图做什么，我都会全心全意去做好；我致力于做的任何事 ……
【用法】
（1）devote vt. 致力，献身，倾注；用于
devote one’s life/time/money/energy to（doing） sth 把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于（做）某事（2）devoted adj.　　忠诚的；全心全意的
be devoted to （doing） sth 专心于/致力于（做）某事
（3）devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚
【佳句】　Everybody spoke in praise of her devotion to the cause of education.
每个人都称赞她献身教育事业。
【练透】　完成句子
①The twins 　　　　　　　　　　　　and didn’t notice their father come in.
这对双胞胎专心做饭，没有注意到他们的父亲进来了。
②He 　　　　　　　　　reading literature.
他所有的业余时间都用来读文学作品了。
【写美】　句式升级（根据要求升级句①）
③　　　　　　　　　　， the twins didn’t notice their father come in.（动词-ing短语作状语）
④　　　　　　　　， the twins didn’t notice their father come in.（过去分词短语作状语）
appeal vi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n.吸引力；申诉；呼吁
【教材原句】　Let a little song appeal to the ear， or a great book to the heart， and we discover a new world， a world of dreams and magic.让一首小曲娱悦我们的耳朵，让一部巨著触动我们的心灵，这样我们便会发现一个全新的世界，一个充满梦想和魔力的世界。
【用法】
（1）appeal to sb/sth　吸引/迎合某人或某物
appeal to sb for sth　　呼吁/恳求某人某事
appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事
（2）make an appeal to sb for sth为某事向某人呼吁或请求
make an appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁/恳求某人做某事
（3）appealing adj. 有吸引力的，吸引人的
【佳句】　The book appeals to readers of all ages and establishes a literary bond between parents and children.
这本书老幼皆宜，并在父母和孩子之间建立了文学纽带。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The author makes 　　　　appeal to us to be more kind to animals.
②What’s more， it is another effective way to appeal 　　　　the news media.
③The government appealed to the International Red Cross 　　　　　　（help） the people suffering from the floods.
④Sport has become an important form of entertainment， 　　　　　　（appeal） to both men and women.
【写美】　完成句子
⑤Mark Twain’s novels 　　　　　　　　.
马克·吐温的小说吸引各个社会群体的读者。
determine vt.确定；支配；决心 vi.决心
【教材原句】　The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.
第一步是确定它的一些重要特质。
【用法】
（1）determine to do sth 决心做某事（表示动作）
determine on/upon （doing） sth 决定（做）某事
（2）determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的
be determined to do sth 决心做某事（表示状态）
（3）determination n. 决心；决定
【佳句】　He determined to travel to New York this summer holiday.
他决定今年暑假到纽约旅行。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①From his 　　　　　　（determine） look， we can know his confidence.
②Sports teach us to accept challenges and face difficulties with 　　　　　　（determine）.
【写美】　完成句子
③Five years ago he was forced to leave his hometown， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（形容词短语作状语）
五年前他被迫离开家乡，下决心再也不会回来。
significant adj.有重要意义的，显著的
【用法】
（1）significant＝important/meaningful　　　　　　　　重要的，有意义的
it is significant that sb （should） do sth 某人做某事很重要
（2）significance n. 重要，重要性，意义
be of significance＝be significant 重要的
attach （great/little） significance to ...认为……（很/几乎不）重要
（3）significantly adv. 有重大意义地，显著地
【佳句】　Keep in mind that it is very significant for us students to keep healthy.
请记住，对我们学生来说，保持健康是非常重要的。
【联想】　常见的“be＋of＋抽象名词”结构还有：
be of use/importance/help/value/benefit/ ...
【练透】　同义句替换
①Teachers should value the development of students’ reading ability.
→Teachers should 　　　　　　　　　　developing students’ reading ability.
②It’s very significant for a graduate to find a proper job.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　 for a graduate to find a proper job.
③I think his research on renewable energy sources is of great significance.
→I think his research on renewable energy sources 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
【写美】　完成句子
④Your success today may 　　　　　　　　for your whole future.
你今天的成功对你的整个未来可能是重要的。
reflect vt.& vi.反映，显示；映出（影像）；反射（声、光、热等）；沉思
【教材原句】　Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention， just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds.
有些真与美一直不为人所察觉，直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，这就正如贝壳把那些被人忽视的声音呈现出来一样。
【用法】
（1）reflect on/upon　仔细考虑/沉思/反省……
be reflected in 被映照在……中；被反映在……
（2）reflection n. 反映，表达；倒影，影像；思考，反省
on/upon reflection 经过考虑后（改变看法）
be lost in reflection 陷入深思中
【佳句】　The lake is calm and clear， and an old tower is reflected in the water.
湖面平静清澈， 一座古塔倒映在水面上。
They reflect people’s wishes， beliefs， faiths， and attitudes towards life.
它们（节日）反映了人类的愿望、信仰、信念以及对生活的态度。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The manager needs time to reflect 　　　　the likely consequences of this plan.
②The trees along the shore are reflected 　　　　the clear water.
③When he is alone， he is often lost in 　　　　（reflect）.
④　　　　 reflection， I changed my decision.
【写美】　句式升级
⑤There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon which is reflected in the picture.
→There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon 　　　　　　　　　　　　.（动词-ed短语作定语）
capable adj.有能力，有才能；能力强的
【教材原句】　One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes before.读到这句诗的人可以发现曾视而不见的美。
【用法】
（1）be capable of doing sth　　　　有能力做某事
（2）capability n. 能力，才能
have the capability to do sth/of doing sth 有做某事的能力
【佳句】　He is a student capable of solving difficult math problems.
他是一个有能力解决数学难题的学生。
She has the capability of becoming an excellent teacher.
她有能力成为一名出色的教师。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Their example shows us what we are all capable 　　　　.
②This work needs patience and skills， which is beyond my 　　　　　　（capable）.
③They have the capability 　　　　　　（complete） the task in a week.
【写美】　词汇升级
④Our English teacher can make the class full of joy.
→Our English teacher 　　　　　　　　　　the class full of joy.（capable）
draw on 凭借，利用
【教材原句】　No doubt drawing on his own experiences， Cao Xueqin gives a detailed description of what life was like at that time.
毫无疑问，凭借自己的生活经历，曹雪芹对当时的生活作了详细的描述。
【用法】
draw up　　起草，拟订；制订
draw back 退缩，收回
draw in （火车等）进站、到达；吸（气）
draw out 取出；（白昼）渐长；拉长；使畅所欲言
draw near 靠近，临近
【佳句】　A writer has to draw on his imagination and experiences to write his books.
作家必须利用自己的想象力和经历去写他的书。
The summer vacation is drawing near.What are you going to do？
暑假快到了。你打算做什么？
【练透】　介、副词填空
①This group of designers drew 　　　　a plan for the project of the company.
②He will not draw 　　　　from what he has promised.
③Lie on your back and draw 　　　　long breaths of it.
④As an actor， she drew 　　　　her own skills to perform well.
【写美】　词汇升级
⑤You can solve the problems easily if you use your own life experience.
→You can solve the problems easily if you 　　　　　　your own life experience.
Part Ⅱ　中频词汇特训
sensitive adj.感觉敏锐的；体贴的；敏感的；灵敏的；易受伤的；善解人意的
【教材原句】　Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention， just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds.
有些真与美一直不为人所察觉，直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，这就正如贝壳把那些被人忽视的声音呈现出来一样。
【用法】
（1）be sensitive to　　对……敏感的/体谅的
be sensitive about 介意；在乎
（2）sense n. 感觉官能；观念
make sense 有意义；能理解
make sense of 理解；明白
there is no sense in doing sth 做某事无意义
in a sense 在某种意义上
sense of touch 触觉
【佳句】　Old people tend to be very sensitive to cold.
老年人一般对寒冷很敏感。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Fish are cold-blooded animals and therefore they are very sensitive 　　　　water temperature.
②You are too sensitive 　　　　what people think of you， which will make you exhausted.
【写美】　完成句子
③Being admitted into a key university will give you 　　　　　　　　　　.
被一所重点大学录取会给你一种成就感。
④He is equipped with 　　　　　　　　justice and responsibility.
他具有强烈的正义感和责任感。
contain vt.包含，含有，容纳；抑制（感情）
【教材原句】　To achieve this， it should contain two elements： universal interest and personal style.要实现这一点，它须包含两个要素：广泛的关切和个人的风格。
【辨析】　contain & include
contain 多指包含所含之物的全部，或某种成分，侧重含的量与成分 contain oneself 克制自己；自制
include 多指包含所含之物的一部分，强调整体与部分的关系。常使用“including＋被包括部分”或“被包括部分＋included” 结构
【佳句】　This kind of vegetable is beneficial to your health， as it contains a lot of vitamins.
这种蔬菜对你的健康有益，因为它富含维生素。
【练透】　语境辨义/完成句子
①How much liquid do you think this bottle contains？ 　　　　　
②She could no longer contain her anger and shouted at him uncontrollably. 　　　　　
③The woman was too sad to 　　　　　　when her husband died from the crash.
当丈夫死于撞车事故时，这名女子悲伤得无法克制自己。
【写美】　翻译句子
④这种饮料不含任何酒精。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅲ　重点句型解构
句型公式：be doing ...when ... 正在做……这时……
【教材原句】　A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear.孩子和男人在海滩上散步，孩子发现了一枚贝壳，把它放到了耳边。
【用法】
be about to do ...when ...正要做……这时……
be on the point of doing ...when ... 正要做……这时……
had just done ...when ... 刚做完……这时……
had hardly done ...when ...刚做完……这时……
（when在以上句型中用作并列连词，when相当于and at this/that time）
【品悟】　We were having a meeting when someone broke in.
我们正在开会，这时有人闯了进来。
I had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.我刚上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了。
【写美】　完成句子/一句多译
①John 　　　　　　　he heard a loud noise.
约翰正在他的房间里学习，突然他听到一声巨响。
②He 　　　　　　　　　he saw a shark.
他刚要跳水，突然看到了一条鲨鱼。
③I 　　　　　　　　　　　　he called me.
我刚打开门，他就打电话给我。
④熊正要攻击我，这时救援队到了。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（be on the point of doing ... when ...）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（be about to do ...when ...）
句型公式：what引导的主语从句
【教材原句】　What amazed the child was not a new world， but the unnoticed music of the old.
让孩子为之惊奇的其实不是一个新世界，而是旧世界那被人忽视的乐音。
【用法】
句中What引导主语从句，意为“所……的”，在从句中作主语。what可以引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
（1）表示“……的东西或事情”，相当于the things/thing that。
（2）表示“……的人”，相当于the person that。
（3）表示“……的数量或数目”，相当于the number/amount that。
（4）表示“……的时间”，相当于the time that。
（5）表示“……的地方”，相当于the place that。
【品悟】　What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water.
使河水更美丽的是水里种植的荷花。
In 1492， Columbus reached what is now called America.
1492年，哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。
【写美】　完成句子
①　　　　　　　　　　　　 describes a bright future for us.
您在会上所说的话，为我们描绘了光明的未来。
②This is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
这是我们正在寻找的东西。
③　　　　　　　　　　　　 is a good-sized canvas bag.
你需要的是一个比较大的帆布袋。
④Our school is located in 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我们的学校位于曾经是一片小树林的地方。
⑤Your future is in your hands. Your life is 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
你的未来就在你的手中。你的生活由你创造。 （应用文写作之演讲稿）
句型公式：介词短语位于句首引起的完全倒装
【教材原句】　Behind every book is a man， behind the man is the race， and behind the race are the natural and social environments.
每本书背后都有一个人，此人身后是一个族群，这个族群背后是自然和社会环境。
【用法】
（1）表示地点、方向、时间等的介词短语位于句首，且句子的主语是名词而不是代词时，句子用完全倒装。
（2）表示方向、地点和时间的副词，如in、 out、down、up、off、back、away、over there、there、now、then、here等位于句首， 且句子的主语是名词而不是代词时，句子用完全倒装。
【品悟】　On the top of the hill stands a building.
山顶上矗立着一座建筑。
Present at this year’s music festival were the school headmaster， teachers， students and some of the students’ parents.
出席观看本年度音乐节的有校长、老师、学生和一些学生家长。
【写美】　完成句子
①John opened the door.　　　　　　　　 he had never seen before.
约翰打开了门。那儿站着他以前从来没有见过的一个女孩。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　 an old painting.
后墙上挂着一幅陈旧的画。
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 at the end of the year.
然后是年底的最终颁奖典礼。
④By the side of the teaching building of our school 　　　　　　　　　　　　， which was completed in 2009.
在我们学校的教学楼旁边有一座图书馆，它于2009年建成。 （应用文写作之学校生活）
句型公式：抽象地点名词＋where引导的定语从句
【教材原句】　In a word， we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature.总之，我们现在已经到了想要欣赏和理解文学的阶段。
【用法】
（1）句中where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词point，point表示抽象地点。
（2）当先行词为抽象地点名词case、 situation、 position、 atmosphere、 stage、 activity、 family、 point等，且关系词在从句中作状语时，常用where或in which来引导定语从句。
（3）抽象地点名词后的定语从句中，如果关系词作主语或宾语，则需要用that或which引导。
【品悟】　We have reached a point where a change is needed.
我们到了需要改变的地步了。
【写美】　完成句子/句式升级
①Sales manager is a position 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
销售经理是一个沟通能力与销售技能一样重要的职位。
②Let’s think of a situation 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我们来想一个使用这个习语的场合。
③Students should involve themselves in community activities.They can gain experience for growth in community activities.（用定语从句合并升级）
→Students should involve themselves in community activities 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.a shell　2.the unnoticed music　3.description
4.feelings and imagination　5.personal style
6.significance
第二步
1－5　CBDAD
第三步
1.（1）①attraction—appeal，low—faint，unnoticed—hidden，significant—important， love—enjoy
②joy—sadness，new—old，love—hate，important—unimportant
2.Behind every book is a man， behind the man is the race， and behind the race are the natural and social environments.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①were devoted to cooking 　②devoted all his free time to
③Devoting themselves to cooking　④Devoted to cooking
2.①an　②to　③to help　④appealing
⑤appeal to readers of all social groups
3.①determined　②determination
③determined never to come back
4.①attach significance to　②It is of great significance
③is very significant　④be significant/be of significance
5.①on/upon　②in　③reflection　④On/Upon
⑤reflected in the picture
6.①of　②capability　③to complete　④is capable of making
7.①up　②back　③in　④on　⑤draw on
Part Ⅱ
1.①to　②about/to　③a sense of achievement
④a deep sense of
2.①包含，容纳　②抑制（感情）　③contain herself
④This drink doesn’t contain any alcohol.
Part Ⅲ
1.①was studying in his room when
②was just about to dive when
③had hardly opened the door when
④The bear was on the point of attacking me when the rescue team arrived.
⑤The bear was about to attack me when the rescue team arrived.
2.①What you said at the meeting　②what we are looking for
③What you need　④what used to be a small wood
⑤what you make of it
3.①There stood a girl　②On the back wall hangs
③Then came the final awards ceremony
④stands the library
4.①where communication ability is as important as sales skills　②where this idiom can be used
③where they can gain experience for growth(共127张PPT)
Section Ⅰ
Welcome to the unit & Reading
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
篇章助解 · 释疑难
力推课前预习
1
[1]A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child
found a shell② and held it to his ear.Suddenly he heard strange， low，
musical sounds.These sounds seemed to be from another world and the
child listened to them with wonder.[2]Then the man explained that the
child heard nothing strange， and that the shell caught a range of③ sounds
too faint for human ears.[3]What amazed the child was not a new
world， but the unnoticed④ music of the old.
The wonder of literature①
　　[1]be doing ...when ...意为“正在做……这时……”，when用
作并列连词，表示“就在这时/那时”，相当于and at this/that time。
　　[2]explained后接两个that引导的宾语从句，第一个that可以省
略，但是第二个that不可以省略。
　　[3]What amazed the child是主语从句，且What在从句中作主语；
not ...but ...意为“不是……而是……”，连接两个并列成分。
【读文清障】
①literature n.文学，文学作品
works of literature 文学作品
classic literature 经典文学
literary adj.文学的，文学上的
literal adj.文字上的，字面意义的
②shell n.贝壳；壳
hold shell to one’s ear 把贝壳放在耳边
③a range of 一系列……，各种各样的
④unnoticed adj.未受到注意的；被忽视的；未被看见的
　　Some such experience as this lies in store⑤ for us when we begin the
study of literature.[4]Let a little song appeal⑥ to the ear， or a great
book to the heart， and we discover a new world， a world of dreams and
magic.To enter and enjoy this new world， we need to love literature，
and make an effort to explain it.[5]Behind every book is a man， behind
the man is the race， and behind the race are the natural and social
environments.We must know all these， if the book is to speak its whole
message.[6]In a word， we have now reached a point where we wish to
enjoy and understand literature.The first step is to determine⑦ some of its
significant⑧qualities.
　　[4]句中or a great book to the heart是省略句，完整的表述是or let
a great book appeal to the heart。使用省略的目的是避免重复，使语言
精练。
　　[5]本句使用了排比的修辞手法，可以增强语言感染力。三个分
句都是表语前置的完全倒装句。
[6]句中where引导定语从句，修饰先行词point。
⑤in store （for sb）即将发生（在某人身上），等待着（某人）
⑥appeal vi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n.吸引力；申诉；呼吁
appeal to 有吸引力，有感染力，引起兴趣
⑦determine vt.确定；支配；决心vi.决心
determined adj.坚决的，果断的，有决心的
determination n.决心，果断
⑧significant adj.有重要意义的，显著的
significance n.重要性，意义
　　The first quality of literature is its description⑨ of truth and
beauty.[7]Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive⑩
human soul brings them to our attention， just as the shell reflects the
unnoticed sounds.A hundred men may pass a field and see only dead
grass； but a poet stops， looks deeper， sees truth and beauty， and
writes，“Yesterday’s flowers am I. ”[8]One who reads it is capable
of seeing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes before.
　　[7]本句主句是“主系表”结构的句子。until引导时间状语从
句； as引导方式状语从句。
[8]句中who reads it是定语从句，修饰先行词One； 主句谓语是
is capable of； that was hidden from his eyes before 是that引导的定语从
句，修饰先行词the beauty。
⑨description n.描述，形容，说明
give a detailed description of 对……作详细的说明
⑩sensitive adj.感觉敏锐的；体贴的；敏感的；灵敏的
a sensitive human soul 一个敏锐的人类灵魂
reflect vt.& vi.反映，显示；映出（影像）；反射（声、光、热
等）；沉思
reflection n.反射；反映；沉思
capable adj.有能力，有才能；能力强的
be capable of 能够；有能力
　　The second quality of literature is its appeal to our feelings and
imagination.[9]Its attraction lies more in what it awakens in us than
what it says.[10]When Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus asks in
the presence of Helen， “Was this the face that launched a thousand
ships？” he opens a door through which our imagination enters a new
world， a world of love， beauty and heroism.
　　[11]The third quality of literature， coming out of the other two， is
its permanence .To achieve this， it should contain two elements：
universal interest and personal style.Good literature reflects the most
basic of human nature — love and hate， joy and sadness， fear and
hope.It also takes on a personal style—no writer can describe human life
without reflecting his own life and experiences.
　　[9]句中what it awakens 和 what it says均为what引导的宾语从
句，作lies in的宾语。
　　[10]When引导时间状语从句；that引导定语从句；through which
our imagination enters ...是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修
饰先行词 door。
　　[11]句中coming out of the other two是动词-ing短语作定语，相当
于一个非限制性定语从句which comes out of the other two。
lie in 在于
[同义]consist in 在于；存在于
awaken vt.& vi.唤起，被唤起；（使） 醒来
awake vt.& vi.唤醒；（使）醒来；唤起，被唤起
adj.醒着的（尤指入睡前或刚醒时）
launch vt.使（船）下水；开始从事，发动
launch a ship 让船起航
launch a spaceship 发射宇宙飞船
permanence n.永久，持久性
permanent adj.永久的，持久的
contain vt.包含，含有，容纳
contain oneself 克制自己；自制
[联想] sth included/including sth包括某物
universal adj.普遍的，共同的；普遍存在的
universal interest 广泛的关切
a universal language 通用语言
human nature 人性
take on 承担；呈现，具有；雇用
　　In summary ， literature is the expression of life in forms of truth
and beauty， the written record of man’s thoughts and feelings，and the
history of the human soul.
（Adapted from William J. Long’s English Literature： Its History
and Its Significance for the Life of the English-Speaking World）
summary n.总结，概括，概要
in summary 总的来说
in forms of 以……形式
in the form of 以……形式
【参考译文】
文学的奇妙之处
　　孩子和男人在海滩上散步，孩子发现了一枚贝壳，把它放到了耳
边。突然，他听到了奇怪、低沉、悦耳的声音。这声音仿佛来自另一
个世界，孩子听后十分惊奇。随后男子解释说其实孩子听到的声音并
没有什么奇怪的，只不过是贝壳捕捉到了各种对人的耳朵来说太微弱
的声音而已。让孩子为之惊奇的其实不是一个新世界，而是旧世界那
被人忽视的乐音。
当我们开始学习文学的时候，我们可能就会有一些像这样的体
验。让一首小曲娱悦我们的耳朵，让一部巨著触动我们的心灵，这样
我们便会发现一个全新的世界，一个充满梦想和魔力的世界。要进入
这个新世界，并享受其中的乐趣，我们需要热爱文学，并尽力去解读
它。每本书背后都有一个人，此人身后是一个族群，这个族群背后是
自然和社会环境。如果一本书要传递完整的信息，我们就必须理解所
有这些内容。总之，我们现在已经到了想要欣赏和理解文学的阶段。
第一步是确定它的一些重要特质。
文学的第一个特质是它对真与美的描写。有些真与美一直不为人
所察觉，直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，这就正如
贝壳把那些被人忽视的声音呈现出来一样。一百个人路过一片田野
时，眼中所见的可能都只是枯草，而一位诗人则会停下脚步，看得更
透，他看到真与美，并且写下这样的诗句：“昨日我曾是鲜花。”读
到这句诗的人可以发现曾视而不见的美。
文学的第二个特质在于它能打动我们的情感，启发我们的想象
力。文学的魅力更多在于它唤起了我们什么，而不在于它说了什么。
当克里斯托弗·马洛笔下的浮士德博士当着海伦的面问道：“这就是让
一千艘战舰起航的那张面孔吗？”他便打开了一扇门，通过这扇门，
我们的想象力抵达了一个充满爱、美和英雄主义的新世界。　　文学
的第三个特质是其持久的生命力，它源于前两个特质。要实现这一
点，它须包含两个要素：广泛的关切和个人的风格。好的文学作品反
映了人性最基本的本质——爱与恨、喜与悲、恐惧与希望。它也带有
个人风格——没有哪个作家能够在描写人类的生活时不反映其个人生
活和经历。
总之，文学是以真和美的形式对生命的表达，是人类思想和感情
的写照，是人类灵魂的历史。
（改编自威廉· J. 朗恩的《英国文学：历史及其对英语世界生活
的意义》）
文本透析 · 剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill
in the blanks with suitable words.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1. What’s the purpose of the story in Paragraph 1？（　　）
A. To amuse the readers.
B. To kill the time.
C. To introduce the topic.
D. To praise the man.
2. What should we do to enter and enjoy the new world mentioned in
Paragraph 2？（　　）
A. Determine literature’s qualities.
B. Love literature and try to explain it.
C. Study literature and enjoy little songs or great books.
D. Understand human race and the natural and social environments.
3. What elements should the literature contain to achieve permanence？
（　　）
A. Truth and beauty.
B. Dreams and magic.
C. The author’s thoughts and feelings.
D. Universal interest and personal style.
4. Which of the following is NOT the most basic of human nature？
（　　）
A. Success. B. Sadness.
C. Hate. D. Hope.
5. According to the author， good literature 　　　　.（　　）
A. describes the truth and beauty
B. contains at least two elements
C. reflects the author’s life and experiences
D. reflects the most basic of human nature
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1. 词汇学习——循规律，记单词
（1）同/近义词、反义词
恰当使用同义词、近义词和反义词能够增强语言表达的精确
性，增强语言的表现力，展现文学词汇的多彩性，增强读者
的阅读兴趣。
本篇文章中运用了几对同义词、近义词以及反义词，请找出
并试着自己再写出一些。
①同/近义词：

②反义词：

attraction—appeal，low—faint，unnoticed—
hidden，significant—important， love—enjoy　
joy—sadness，new—old，love—hate，
important—unimportant　
（2）名词后缀-ce/-er
①significant adj.有重要意义的，显著的＋去t＋-
ce→significance n.意义；重要性
例如：important→importance n.重要性
different→difference n.不同；差异
silent→silence n.沉默
②contain vt.包含，含有，容纳＋-er→container n.容器；
集装箱
例如：cook→cooker n.炊具，厨灶
play→player n.播放器；运动员；参与者
compute→computer n.计算机；电脑
2. 美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
排比是把三个或三个以上结构相同或相似、意思密切相关、语气一
致的词语或句子成串地排列在一起的一种修辞方法。
请从课文中找出一个排比句。


Behind every book is a man， behind the man is the race， and behind
the race are the natural and social environments.
核心知识·巧突破探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
devote oneself to 致力，专心，献身
【教材原句】　My meaning simply is， that whatever I have tried to do
in life， I have tried with all my heart to do well； that whatever I have
devoted myself to ...
我的意思很简单，就是我无论在生活中试图做什么，我都会全心全意
去做好；我致力于做的任何事……
【用法】
（1）devote vt. 致力，献身，倾注；用于
devote one’s life/time/money/energy to（doing） sth
把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于（做）某事
（2）devoted adj. 忠诚的；全心全意的
be devoted to （doing） sth 专心于/致力于（做）某事
（3）devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚
【佳句】　Everybody spoke in praise of her devotion to the cause of
education.
每个人都称赞她献身教育事业。
【练透】　完成句子
①The twins and didn’t notice their father
come in.
这对双胞胎专心做饭，没有注意到他们的父亲进来了。
②He reading literature.
他所有的业余时间都用来读文学作品了。
were devoted to cooking　
devoted all his free time to　
【写美】　句式升级（根据要求升级句①）
③ ， the twins didn’t notice their
father come in.（动词-ing短语作状语）
④ ， the twins didn’t notice their father come
in.（过去分词短语作状语）
Devoting themselves to cooking　
Devoted to cooking　
appeal vi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n.吸引力；申诉；呼吁
【教材原句】　Let a little song appeal to the ear， or a great book to the
heart， and we discover a new world， a world of dreams and magic.让
一首小曲娱悦我们的耳朵，让一部巨著触动我们的心灵，这样我们便
会发现一个全新的世界，一个充满梦想和魔力的世界。
【用法】
（1）appeal to sb/sth 吸引/迎合某人或某物
appeal to sb for sth 呼吁/恳求某人某事
appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁某人做某事
（2）make an appeal to sb for sth为某事向某人呼吁或请求
make an appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁/恳求某人做某事
（3）appealing adj. 有吸引力的，吸引人的
【佳句】　The book appeals to readers of all ages and establishes a
literary bond between parents and children.
这本书老幼皆宜，并在父母和孩子之间建立了文学纽带。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The author makes appeal to us to be more kind to animals.
②What’s more， it is another effective way to appeal the news
media.
③The government appealed to the International Red Cross
（help） the people suffering from the floods.
an　
to　
to help　
④Sport has become an important form of entertainment，
（appeal） to both men and women.
【写美】　完成句子
⑤Mark Twain’s novels .
马克·吐温的小说吸引各个社会群体的读者。
appealing　
appeal to readers of all social groups　
determine vt.确定；支配；决心 vi.决心
【教材原句】　The first step is to determine some of its significant
qualities.第一步是确定它的一些重要特质。
【用法】
（1）determine to do sth　　决心做某事（表示动作）
determine on/upon （doing） sth 决定（做）某事
（2）determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的
be determined to do sth 决心做某事（表示状态）
（3）determination n. 决心；决定
【佳句】　He determined to travel to New York this summer holiday.
他决定今年暑假到纽约旅行。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①From his （determine） look， we can know his
confidence.
②Sports teach us to accept challenges and face difficulties
with （determine）.
determined　
determination　
【写美】　完成句子
③Five years ago he was forced to leave his hometown，
.（形容词短语作状语）
五年前他被迫离开家乡，下决心再也不会回来。
determined
never to come back　
significant adj.有重要意义的，显著的
【用法】
（1）significant＝important/meaningful 重要的，有意义的
it is significant that sb （should） do sth 某人做某事很重要
（2）significance n. 重要，重要性，意义
be of significance＝be significant 重要的
attach （great/little） significance to ...认为……（很/几乎不）重要
（3）significantly adv. 有重大意义地，显著地
【佳句】　Keep in mind that it is very significant for us students to keep
healthy.
请记住，对我们学生来说，保持健康是非常重要的。
【联想】　常见的“be＋of＋抽象名词”结构还有：
be of use/importance/help/value/benefit/ ...
【练透】　同义句替换
①Teachers should value the development of students’ reading ability.
→Teachers should developing students’
reading ability.
②It’s very significant for a graduate to find a proper job.
→ for a graduate to find a proper job.
attach significance to　
It is of great significance　
③I think his research on renewable energy sources is of great
significance.
→I think his research on renewable energy sources
.
【写美】　完成句子
④Your success today may for your
whole future.
你今天的成功对你的整个未来可能是重要的。
is very
significant　
be significant/be of significance　
reflect vt.& vi.反映，显示；映出（影像）；反射（声、光、热
等）；沉思
【教材原句】　Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive
human soul brings them to our attention， just as the shell reflects the
unnoticed sounds.有些真与美一直不为人所察觉，直到一个敏锐的人
类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，这就正如贝壳把那些被人忽视的声音
呈现出来一样。
【用法】
（1）reflect on/upon 仔细考虑/沉思/反省……
be reflected in 被映照在……中；被反映在……
（2）reflection n. 反映，表达；倒影，影像；思考，反省
on/upon reflection 经过考虑后（改变看法）
be lost in reflection 陷入深思中
【佳句】　The lake is calm and clear， and an old tower is reflected in
the water.
湖面平静清澈， 一座古塔倒映在水面上。
They reflect people’s wishes， beliefs， faiths， and attitudes towards
life.
它们（节日）反映了人类的愿望、信仰、信念以及对生活的态度。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The manager needs time to reflect the likely consequences
of this plan.
②The trees along the shore are reflected the clear water.
③When he is alone， he is often lost in （reflect）.
④ reflection， I changed my decision.
on/upon　
in　
reflection　
On/Upon　
【写美】　句式升级
⑤There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon which is
reflected in the picture.
→There are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon
.（动词-ed短语作定语）
reflected in
the picture　
capable adj.有能力，有才能；能力强的
【教材原句】　One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that was
hidden from his eyes before.
读到这句诗的人可以发现曾视而不见的美。
【用法】
（1）be capable of doing sth 有能力做某事
（2）capability n. 能力，才能
have the capability to do sth/of doing sth 有做某事的能力
【佳句】　He is a student capable of solving difficult math problems.
他是一个有能力解决数学难题的学生。
She has the capability of becoming an excellent teacher.她有能力成为
一名出色的教师。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Their example shows us what we are all capable .
②This work needs patience and skills， which is beyond
my （capable）.
③They have the capability （complete） the task in a
week.
of　
capability　
to complete　
【写美】　词汇升级
④Our English teacher can make the class full of joy.
→Our English teacher the class full of joy.
（capable）
is capable of making　
draw on 凭借，利用
【教材原句】　No doubt drawing on his own experiences， Cao Xueqin
gives a detailed description of what life was like at that time.毫无疑问，
凭借自己的生活经历，曹雪芹对当时的生活作了详细的描述。
【用法】
draw up 起草，拟订；制订
draw back 退缩，收回
draw in （火车等）进站、到达；吸（气）
draw out 取出；（白昼）渐长；拉长；使畅所欲言
draw near 靠近，临近
【佳句】　A writer has to draw on his imagination and experiences to
write his books.
作家必须利用自己的想象力和经历去写他的书。
The summer vacation is drawing near.What are you going to do？
暑假快到了。你打算做什么？
【练透】　介、副词填空
①This group of designers drew a plan for the project of the
company.
②He will not draw from what he has promised.
③Lie on your back and draw long breaths of it.
④As an actor， she drew her own skills to perform well.
【写美】　词汇升级
⑤You can solve the problems easily if you use your own life experience.
→You can solve the problems easily if you your own life
experience.
up　
back　
in　
on　
draw on　
Part Ⅱ　中频词汇特训
sensitive adj.感觉敏锐的；体贴的；敏感的；灵敏的；易受伤的；
善解人意的
【教材原句】　Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive
human soul brings them to our attention， just as the shell reflects the
unnoticed sounds.有些真与美一直不为人所察觉，直到一个敏锐的人
类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，这就正如贝壳把那些被人忽视的声音
呈现出来一样。
【用法】
（1）be sensitive to 对……敏感的/体谅的
be sensitive about 介意；在乎
（2）sense n. 感觉官能；观念
make sense 有意义；能理解
make sense of 理解；明白
there is no sense in doing sth 做某事无意义
in a sense 在某种意义上
sense of touch 触觉
【佳句】　Old people tend to be very sensitive to cold.
老年人一般对寒冷很敏感。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Fish are cold-blooded animals and therefore they are very
sensitive water temperature.
②You are too sensitive what people think of you， which
will make you exhausted.
to　
about/to　
【写美】　完成句子
③Being admitted into a key university will give you
.
被一所重点大学录取会给你一种成就感。
④He is equipped with justice and responsibility.
他具有强烈的正义感和责任感。
a sense of
achievement　
a deep sense of　
contain vt.包含，含有，容纳；抑制（感情）
【教材原句】　To achieve this， it should contain two elements：
universal interest and personal style.
要实现这一点，它须包含两个要素：广泛的关切和个人的风格。
contain 多指包含所含之物的全部，或某种成分，侧重含的量与成分contain oneself 克制自己；自制
include 多指包含所含之物的一部分，强调整体与部分的关系。常使用“including＋被包括部分”或“被包括部分＋included” 结构
【辨析】　contain & include
【佳句】　This kind of vegetable is beneficial to your health， as it contains a lot of vitamins.
这种蔬菜对你的健康有益，因为它富含维生素。
【练透】语境辨义/完成句子
①How much liquid do you think this bottle contains？
②She could no longer contain her anger and shouted at him uncontrollably.

③The woman was too sad to when her husband died from the crash.
当丈夫死于撞车事故时，这名女子悲伤得无法克制自己。
包含，容纳　
抑制（感情）　
contain herself　
【写美】　翻译句子
④这种饮料不含任何酒精。

This drink doesn’t contain any alcohol.
Part Ⅲ　重点句型解构
句型公式：be doing ...when ... 正在做……这时……
【教材原句】　A child and a man were walking on the beach when the
child found a shell and held it to his ear.
孩子和男人在海滩上散步，孩子发现了一枚贝壳，把它放到了耳边。
【用法】
be about to do ...when ...正要做……这时……
be on the point of doing ...when ... 正要做……这时……
had just done ...when ... 刚做完……这时……
had hardly done ...when ...刚做完……这时……
（when在以上句型中用作并列连词，when相当于and at this/that time）
【品悟】　We were having a meeting when someone broke in.
我们正在开会，这时有人闯了进来。
I had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.
我刚上床睡觉，这时电话铃响了。
【写美】　完成句子/一句多译
①John he heard a loud noise.
约翰正在他的房间里学习，突然他听到一声巨响。
②He he saw a shark.
他刚要跳水，突然看到了一条鲨鱼。
③I he called me.
我刚打开门，他就打电话给我。
was studying in his room when　
was just about to dive when　
had hardly opened the door when　
④熊正要攻击我，这时救援队到了。
→
（be on the point of doing ... when ...）
→
（be about to do ...when ...）
The bear was on the point of attacking me when the rescue team
arrived.　
The bear was about to attack me when the rescue team arrived.　
句型公式：what引导的主语从句
【教材原句】　What amazed the child was not a new world， but the
unnoticed music of the old.
让孩子为之惊奇的其实不是一个新世界，而是旧世界那被人忽视
的乐音。
【用法】
句中What引导主语从句，意为“所……的”，在从句中作主语。what
可以引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
（1）表示“……的东西或事情”，相当于the things/thing that。
（2）表示“……的人”，相当于the person that。
（3）表示“……的数量或数目”，相当于the number/amount that。
（4）表示“……的时间”，相当于the time that。
（5）表示“……的地方”，相当于the place that。
【品悟】　What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants
growing in the water.
使河水更美丽的是水里种植的荷花。
In 1492， Columbus reached what is now called America.
1492年，哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。
【写美】　完成句子
① describes a bright future for us.
您在会上所说的话，为我们描绘了光明的未来。
②This is .
这是我们正在寻找的东西。
③ is a good-sized canvas bag.
你需要的是一个比较大的帆布袋。
④Our school is located in .
我们的学校位于曾经是一片小树林的地方。
What you said at the meeting　
what we are looking for　
What you need　
what used to be a small wood　
⑤Your future is in your hands. Your life is .
你的未来就在你的手中。你的生活由你创造。 （应用文写作之演
讲稿）
what you make of it　
句型公式：介词短语位于句首引起的完全倒装
【教材原句】　Behind every book is a man， behind the man is the
race， and behind the race are the natural and social environments.每本
书背后都有一个人，此人身后是一个族群，这个族群背后是自然和社
会环境。
【用法】
（1）表示地点、方向、时间等的介词短语位于句首，且句子的主语
是名词而不是代词时，句子用完全倒装。
（2）表示方向、地点和时间的副词，如in、 out、down、up、off、
back、away、over there、there、now、then、here等位于句首，
且句子的主语是名词而不是代词时，句子用完全倒装。
【品悟】　On the top of the hill stands a building.
山顶上矗立着一座建筑。
Present at this year’s music festival were the school headmaster，
teachers， students and some of the students’ parents.
出席观看本年度音乐节的有校长、老师、学生和一些学生家长。
【写美】　完成句子
①John opened the door. he had never seen before.
约翰打开了门。那儿站着他以前从来没有见过的一个女孩。
② an old painting.
后墙上挂着一幅陈旧的画。
③ at the end of the year.
然后是年底的最终颁奖典礼。
There stood a girl　
On the back wall hangs　
Then came the final awards ceremony　
④By the side of the teaching building of our school
， which was completed in 2009.
在我们学校的教学楼旁边有一座图书馆，它于2009年建成。 （应用
文写作之学校生活）
stands the
library　
句型公式：抽象地点名词＋where引导的定语从句
【教材原句】　In a word， we have now reached a point where we
wish to enjoy and understand literature.
总之，我们现在已经到了想要欣赏和理解文学的阶段。
【用法】
（1）句中where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词
point，point表示抽象地点。
（2）当先行词为抽象地点名词case、 situation、 position、
atmosphere、 stage、 activity、 family、 point等，且关系词在从
句中作状语时，常用where或in which来引导定语从句。
（3）抽象地点名词后的定语从句中，如果关系词作主语或宾语，则
需要用that或which引导。
【品悟】　We have reached a point where a change is needed.
我们到了需要改变的地步了。
【写美】　完成句子/句式升级
①Sales manager is a position
.
销售经理是一个沟通能力与销售技能一样重要的职位。
②Let’s think of a situation .
我们来想一个使用这个习语的场合。
where communication ability is as
important as sales skills　
where this idiom can be used　
③Students should involve themselves in community
activities.They can gain experience for growth in community
activities.（用定语从句合并升级）
→Students should involve themselves in community activities
.
where
they can gain experience for growth　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1. This book for kids only c fifty words， all of which are easily
read and understood.
2. Don’t be so s — I am not speaking ill of you.
3. China will l more space probes to the moon.
4. It rained， t the football match was postponed.
ontains　
ensitive　
aunch　
herefore　
5. I was amazed at her knowledge about modern Chinese
（文学）.
6. Physical fitness has now become an important （要素）
in our lives.
7. An interesting （特征） of the city is the old market
preserved well.
8. A writer should provide （背景） for readers to help them
understand what’s happening in a story.
literature　
element　
feature　
context　
9. Some measures are taken to narrow the （差距） between the
rich and the poor.
10. They were in the process of resolving all the unsettled （问
题）.
gap　
issues　
维度二：词形转换
用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. Your choice of clothes is a （reflect） of your
personality.
2. I’d like to give you a （describe） of the Lantern
Festival.
3. Putting ourselves in their shoes is of great
（significant） when we have conflicts with friends.
4. We should overcome our weaknesses and fears with courage
and （determine）.
reflection　
description　
significance　
determination　
5. The aim of the summer camp was to （awake） an
interest in and an understanding of foreign cultures.
6. Family is a （universe） theme of writing because it
pushes us to consider where we come from and how our experiences
have shaped us.
7. Staying at home seemed more （appeal） than going
out for work.
8. Heavy drinking can cause （permanence） damage to
the brain.
awaken　
universal　
appealing　
permanent　
9. Some of us are （sense） to smells， others find colours
easier to remember.
10. Basically， the article can be （summary） in three
sentences.
sensitive　
summarized　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1. 她正在路上走着， 突然听到有人大声呼救。（be
doing ...when ...）
She she heard someone shouting
for help.
2. 走在教练身后的是穿着蓝色队服的我们的队员们。（完全倒装）
Behind the coach wearing blue suits.
was walking down the road when　
walked our team　
3. 最令我惊讶的是这个小女孩小提琴拉得那么好。（what引导名词性
从句）
the little girl could play the violin
so well.
4. 毕业后，我们到了不得不决定下一步该做什么的阶段了。（where
引导定语从句）
After graduation we reached a point
.
What surprised me most was that　
where we had to decide what to
do next　
5. 那个男孩在窗前做着鬼脸， 透过窗户我们可以看到几双鞋子。
（“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句）
The boy is making faces in front of the window，
some pairs of shoes.
through which we
can see　
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
　　We can get a lot of benefits 1. reading literature， as
reading literature 2. （create） a world of dreams and magic
for us.Literature has appealed 3. so many people with its three
significant 4. （quality）.Firstly， literature presents truth
and beauty.Those who read literary works will be able to see the
from　
creates　
to　
qualities　
5. （hide） beauty too.Secondly， literature can appeal to people
to dig out their own feelings.6. attracts people most is that
literature can use its words 7. （awake） us up to have the
power to feel and imagine， 8. guides us into a world of love，
beauty and heroism.Thirdly， with the two features above combined，
literature will try to be 9. （permanence）.In summary，
literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty， the
10. （write） record of man’s thoughts and feelings， and
the history of the human soul.
hidden　
What　
to awaken　
which　
permanent　
written　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
You know that classics like Little Women and To Kill a Mockingbird
started as novels.But you probably didn’t know that these other famous
movies also came from books.
　　Hidden Figures
　　This film told the story of real-life Katherine Johnson and other
female African-American mathematicians who helped drive the United
States into space in the 1960s.It was actually based on a 2016 non-fiction
book and the movie did boost sales of the book.
　　Forrest Gump
　　The 1994 movie which was based on the book by Winston Groom
won six Academy Awards， including Best Picture and Best Actor for the
star Tom Hanks.Although the movie’s box-office success gave the book
a huge boost， it’s the film that made its mark on pop culture history.
　　The Girl on the Train
　　Paula Hawkin’s psychological thriller， about a woman on a train
who thinks she sees something strange out of the window， was a huge
success.But unlike the fast-paced， can’t-be-put-down quality of the
novel， the movie was boring.
　　Field of Dreams
　　It’s hard to describe the plot of this movie：Ray Kinsella hears a
voice telling him to build a baseball field in his Iowa cornfield， and what
happens next explores the themes of lost dreams， childhood heroes， and
healing the pain of the past.The 1989 movie was adapted from W. P.
Kinsella’s 1982 original， Shoeless Joe， but cut out some extra
characters.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四部根据文学作品改编
的著名影片。
1. Which is the best choice for a person who loves math？（　　）
A. Hidden Figures.
B. Forrest Gump.
C. The Girl on the Train.
D. Field of Dreams.
解析：　细节理解题。根据Hidden Figures中的第一句可知，
Hidden Figures讲述了真实人物凯瑟琳·约翰逊和其他非洲裔女性数
学家的故事，所以喜欢数学的人可以选择这部电影。
2. Who has won the Academy Award for Best Actor according to the
text？（　　）
A. Paula Hawkin.
B. Winston Groom.
C. Tom Hanks.
D. W. P. Kinsella.
解析：　细节理解题。根据Forrest Gump中的第一句可知，Tom
Hanks赢得了奥斯卡最佳男主角奖。
3. What is special about Field of Dreams？（　　）
A. It is a romantic comedy.
B. It presents several themes.
C. It was released in 1982 for the first time.
D. It shows all the figures in Shoeless Joe.
解析：　推理判断题。根据Field of Dreams部分第一句可知，电
影Field of Dreams探讨了失落的梦想、童年英雄和治愈过去的痛苦
等主题。由此可知，这部电影有好几个主题。
B
　　My little son is writing his first book.He’s not the first of our
family’s second generation to follow in my path.Since outing myself as
an author， more than a few of my nephews and nieces have sought to
outdo my efforts.Last month， my nephew Daniel laughed at me when I
told him it had taken me three years to write my book， since he’d
written two that weekend alone.And my niece Anna wrote a story — Two
Children， Millions of Doors and Good and Evil — that was generally
readable.
　　I’ve had many conversations with them about their works， because
passing my wisdom to the next generation is the least that should be
expected of a famous author like me.And I can promise you that these
conversations are a two-way street.They help me keep up with the times，
and I suggest indirectly that their lack of copyright （没有版权） means I
can take their best ideas for my own work any time I choose.They’re
smart kids， so they get it.
　　My son’s first book is about his grandad’s birthday， so luckily
Me & Grandad’s Biggest Adventure is every bit the adventure its title
suggests.“They saw fruits that they liked，” is its opening line，
perhaps because of the fact that he was eating fruits at the
time.“Then，” comes the next line， “they saw vegetable monsters
（怪物）.”“Then they went to outer space，” appears on the
following page， filled with a rocket （火箭） ship， aliens and
planets， “and finally” comes the conclusion， “they went to Hook
Lighthouse.”
　　This ending at a landmark on Ireland’s southeast coast is a good
example of misdirection and a way to show his respect for his grandad，
who takes him there most summers.More importantly， it shows he’s
learned the true secret to any good story：take away all the flowery parts
and keep it simple.All you really need is a beginning， a middle， and an
end.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在写作方面影响了家族中的下
一代，并着重介绍了他儿子写的故事。
4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the first paragraph？（　　）
A. To describe the efforts he made to be a famous writer.
B. To show his influence on the writing of his family’s children.
C. To compare his nephew Daniel’s story with his niece Anna’s story.
D. To stress the importance of parents reading books to their children.
解析：　目的意图题。根据第一段内容可知，作者是一名作家，
在他的影响下，他的儿子、侄子和侄女都追随他的脚步创作自己的
故事书，他甚至评价侄女Anna的故事可读性强。由此推断，本段
中作者介绍了他在写作方面给家族的孩子们产生的影响。本段中的
out作动词，意为“揭露，公布（别人想要保守的秘密）”；outdo
作动词，意为“胜过”。
5. What benefit does the author gain from chatting with his nephews and
nieces？（　　）
A. He feels less bored.
B. He draws fresh ideas.
C. He gets a sense of achievement.
D. He has higher expectations for himself.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知，作者在与他
的侄子和侄女聊天中受益匪浅，获得了一些新的写作灵感。
6. Which event lasts the longest in Me & Grandad’s Biggest
Adventure？（　　）
A. The characters explored outer space.
B. The characters fought with monsters.
C. The characters spent time eating fruits.
D. The characters went to Hook Lighthouse.
解析：　推理判断题。倒数第二段作者详细介绍了他儿子创
作的故事内容，作者儿子写的故事中，关于他们（故事的主人
公们）在外太空的篇幅长达一页。由此可知，该故事中这个事
件持续时间最长。
7. What does the author think of a good story？（　　）
A. It should be based on unusual happenings.
B. It should include a surprising ending.
C. It should have at least three parts.
D. It should be simple and direct.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的倒数第二句可知，作者
认为儿子掌握了写作的秘诀：去繁从简。由此可知，他认为好的故
事应该简单且直接。flowery作形容词，意为“过分复杂费解的；
华而不实的”。
C
　　Two “stolen” notebooks， Notebooks B and C， written by
Charles Darwin have been mysteriously returned to Cambridge University
on 9 March， 22 years after they were last seen， but who returned them
is a real whodunit.They were left anonymously （匿名地） in a bright
pink gift bag containing the original blue box the notebooks were kept in
and a plain brown envelope， on which was printed a short message：
“Librarian， Happy Easter X. ”
　　With an action plan to use advanced information technology to
preserve important culture heritage， the notebooks were originally
removed from the Special Collections Strong Rooms — where the rarest
and most valuable items are kept — for photography to take place at the
library in September 2000， with the photography request completed in
November 2000.During a following routine check in January 2001， it
was found that the small box containing the two notebooks had not been
returned to its proper place.
　　For many years， previous university librarians believed that the
notebooks had been misplaced in the vast storerooms and collections of
Cambridge University Library.Despite a number of searches over the
years， they remained undiscovered.At the start of 2020， a new
search — the largest in the library’s history — was arranged by the
librarian Dr Gardner， involving specialist staff assigned to search specific
zones of the library’s storage facilities.However， this failed to locate
the notebooks， leading to the conclusion， with the help of national
experts in cultural heritage theft and recovery， that they had likely been
stolen.
　　In July 1837， Charles Darwin wrote at the top of the page of one of
his notebooks， “I think”.Then he drew a sketch （草图） of a tree，
attempting to pose to himself the question about what is the origin of
species.More than 20 years later， Darwin published On the Origin of
Species.Notebooks B and C provide an extraordinary insight into
Darwin’s search for the solution to what public in those days had called
“that mystery of mysteries”， the origin of new species.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了两本被盗的笔记本被
神秘地归还给了剑桥大学一事。
8. Why were Notebooks B and C taken away from their original place？
（　　）
A. They were no longer regarded as the rarest and most valuable items.
B. They had to make room for the photography of special collections.
C. They would be presented for a photography exhibition in the library.
D. They needed to be recorded by taking photos for better preservation.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，这两本笔记本被
从特别收藏室拿出来的原因是需要通过拍照记录的方式进行更好的
保护。
9. When did the library confirm the theft of the notebooks？（　　）
A. After completing the photography.
B. After routine check in January 2001.
C. After the largest search in the library’s history.
D. After discovering the returned notebooks.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，在经历图
书馆历史上最大规模的一次搜索之后，图书馆才确认这两本笔
记本被盗。
10. What can we learn from the passage？（　　）
A. Notebooks B and C used to be kept in a plain brown envelope.
B. It took over 5 months to complete the photography in the library.
C. At first the librarians believed the notebooks hadn’t been stolen.
D. Charles Darwin searched the origin of trees in his notebooks.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，起初图书管理
员认为笔记本只是被放错了地方，并没有被偷。
11. Which is this passage most likely taken from？（　　）
A. A textbook.
B. A newspaper.
C. A science report.
D. An introduction to a book.
解析：　文章出处题。通读全文尤其是第一段内容可知，本文
主要介绍了两本被盗的笔记本被神秘归还一事，第一段交代了时
间、地点以及主要经过，所以本文为新闻报道，即选自报纸。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Literature is the body of written works produced by scholars and
researchers， who specialise in a given field.Why is literature important？
Let’s see.
　　Literary works are descriptions of the thinking patterns and social
criteria （准则）.They’re a description of the different aspects of
common people’s lives.12.（　　） They also encourage imagination
and creativity.Exposing oneself to good literary works is like providing
one with the finest educational opportunities.On the other hand， the lack
of exposure to good literature is equal to depriving （剥夺） one of the
opportunity to grow.
　　Some of the great literary works provide society with the guiding
principles of life.Works by poets like Homer， Plato， Sappho， Horace
and many more are timeless.13.（　　） The Lord of the Rings and A
Tale of Two Cities are some of the best-selling books of all time that have
entertained several generations.
　　There are also great works in children’s literature.Amused by the
stories they tell， kids associate themselves with these books’ characters
and idealise some of them.Moral stories are an aid for parents and teachers
to let the kids learn important lessons in life.Aesop， Enid Blyton， and
Mark Twain are some of the most widely popular children’s authors.14.
（　　）
　　True， languages are the building blocks of literature.But the study
of literature cannot be restricted to only studying languages.15.（　　）
A degree in language and literature perhaps can’t provide one with
everything literature can offer.Its scope （范围） is so deep and wide that
even a lifetime may not be enough to really study literature.
　　16. （　　） Great literary and poetic works help a person take a
closer look at the different aspects of living.In many ways， literature，
in its different forms， can change one’s attitude towards living.
A. Literature helps understand life.
B. Literature has an effect on health and wealth.
C. They have enriched the childhoods of so many.
D. Classical literary works serve as food for thought.
E. In fact， literature can’t be limited to an educational course.
F. They have always amused their readers and will continue to.
G. Instead， literature lays the foundation for a wealthy life， adding
“life” to “living”.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了文学的重要性。
12. D　设空处后一句提到了文学作品的其中一个作用，根据其中的
关键词also可知，设空处也应提到文学作品的作用。D项（经典文学
作品是思想的食粮）符合语境。
13. F　空前一句论述了一些伟大的诗人的作品是永不过时的，F项
（它们总是为读者提供消遣，并将继续这样做）符合语境，接着论述
这些作品的影响力，F项中的They指代前一句中的Works。
14. C　根据本段首句可知，本段介绍的是儿童文学的影响；空前
一句列举了一些儿童文学作家，C项（他们丰富了许多人的童年）
与本段儿童文学主题一致，C项中的They指代前一句中提到的儿童
文学作家。
15. E　空前一句指出文学研究不能局限于语言研究，空后一句又指
出一个语言文学学位也许不能提供文学所能提供的一切。由此可推
知，文学范围很广，不能仅限于语言研究，E项（事实上，文学不能
局限于一门教育课程）与此处语义一致，符合语境。
16. A　结合空后的内容可知，本段主要讲述文学对生活的影响。故A
项（文学有助于理解生活）符合语境，能够概括本段主旨。
谢谢观看！

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