资源简介

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
维度一：品句填词
将下列句子改为被动语态。
1.An unknown virus has attacked my computer very quickly.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.The side effects of the new drug are under research.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.The teachers are testing students on their knowledge of fitness.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.The company has given its computers away to a local school.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.In that area，the workers are building a supermarket these days.
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维度二：语法与写作
用被动语态完成下列句子。
1.The patient 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
病人正在动手术。
2.Such a thing 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
从来没有听说过这样的事。
3.The dates of each course 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
每门课的日期都由老师们印在报纸上。
4.This mobile phone 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
这部手机已经使用两年了。
5.How long 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　？
这部电影已放映多长时间了？
6.This dictionary mustn’t 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
不能从图书馆拿走这本词典。
维度三：语法与语篇
阅读下面短文，根据括号内的汉语提示完成语篇。
　　As is known to all， waste 1.　　　　　　　　 （已经成为一个越来越严重的问题）.We can easily see many people do not turn off the lights after using them； many disposable products 2.　　　　　　　　 （正在被使用） in our daily lives； some good food 3.　　　　　　　　 （已经到处可见） in the garbage can.In the office， some equipment is often on for a long time but nobody is using it.What’s worse， 4.　　　　　　　　 （大量的纸张已经被浪费了）.
In my opinion， we should call on more and more people to fight against waste.
　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The final event in the Olympics is the marathon.It is also usually the most exciting.As the leader comes into the stadium to run the last few meters of the 42-kilometer race， the crowd rises to its feet to shout and cheer.The name of the race comes from a battle （战争） in Ancient Greece.According to the story， a soldier ran from the battle field， Marathon， to Athens， to bring the news of a Greek victory against the Persians.He died just after arriving.
The marathon has been an Olympic event since the modern games started in 1896.At first the distance was 40 kilometers — the distance between Marathon and Athens.In 1908， however， at the London Olympics， it was changed.The King of England wanted the runners to leave from his castle in Windsor and arrive in a new stadium in central London.The distance was 26 miles — about 42 kilometers.In fact， the 1908 marathon ended dramatically （戏剧性地）.When the leader， an Italian， entered the stadium he turned the wrong way and fell onto the ground.Officials picked him up and helped him to the finishing line， just as the second runner， an American， entered the stadium.The Americans protested （抗议） and in the end the American runner was declared the winner.Since then， there have been many more exciting marathons.
In fact， you don’t have to wait for the Olympic Games to run or watch a marathon， as there are marathons in over sixty countries and hundreds of cities around the world today.One of the most famous marathons is in New York， and is watched by two million people around the streets and across the bridges of the city， and past New York’s famous landmarks.But perhaps one of the most beautiful and unique marathons ever is the Great Wall Marathon， which most competitors find is the toughest course to run.
The marathon is the final Olympic event because it is thought to be the hardest.But experts believe that most people — even people who are not very good at sport — can run a marathon， if they train for it.
1.What did the crowd do when the leader came into the stadium？（　　）
A.They stood up quietly.
B.They shouted with excitement.
C.They carried him to the line.
D.They cried sadly.
2.How is the second paragraph developed？（　　）
A.By following time order.
B.By listing numbers.
C.By following space order.
D.By giving reasons.
3.What do we know about the marathon according to the passage？（　　）
A.The name of the race comes from a battle in Greece.
B.The Marathons have the same length all the time.
C.The Great Wall Marathon is the easiest course to run.
D.People not good at sport cannot run a marathon unless trained.
4.Which is the most special marathon mentioned in the passage？（　　）
A.The Marathon in London in 1908.
B.The Great Wall Marathon.
C.The Marathon in New York.
D.The Marathon in 1896.
B
　　Power walking， also referred to as speed walking， is an aerobic （有氧的） activity that can be done just about anywhere or anytime.An individual who participates in the activity travels at a pace that is faster than walking but slower than jogging.
　　A proper technique for power walking includes taking small but quick pace and landing on the heels， with toes aimed at a 45-degree angle from the ground.Speed is produced by flexibility （柔韧性）， not long pace.With each step， the walker rolls his or her feet forward and thrusts （猛推） from the toes to start a new step.This thrust gives a walker more force and power.With each step， the walker keeps his or her arms bent at a 90-degree angle while keeping a closed fist and making a curved move from the waist to the chest.The walker repeats the move while allowing his or her arms to swing， which helps to keep a light pace and uses more calories.
　　The activity provides many benefits for walkers.Power walking helps build up muscles and burn calories.It can also help to control an individual’s weight and can enhance the immune system.It improves physical fitness， which may help lower the risk of injury； it also lowers stress levels， and can help provide a comfortable night’s sleep.Power walking can also improve the cardiovascular （心血管的） system.
　　Before beginning the activity， an individual should check with his or her doctor.A walker should also make sure he or she has comfortable fitting shoes before engaging in walking.Shoes that are light and flexible can prevent soreness and tingling （刺痛） in the feet and toes.A beginner will often walk up to 30 minutes， while a person more advanced in the technique can engage in the activity for up to an hour.
5.What is the purpose of Paragraph 1？（　　）
A.To offer some questions.
B.To provide some examples.
C.To explain what power walking is.
D.To make a comparison with jogging.
6.Which of the following is mentioned in the text？（　　）
A.Landing on the toes first.
B.Keeping the whole body relaxed.
C.Walking with small but fast steps.
D.Keeping his or her arms bent at a 45-degree angle.
7.What can we learn about power walking according to the text？（　　）
A.Anyone can do the sport.
B.It can benefit body and mind.
C.There is no time limit when doing power walking.
D.Sports shoes are a must when doing power walking.
8.From which is the text probably taken？（　　）
A.A health magazine.
B.A travel brochure.
C.A biology textbook.
D.An advertisement column.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Sports day！These two words can inspire both joy and fear in the hearts of students everywhere.9.（　　） And it’s also the chance to bag a prize or two.For others， it might feel like having to take part in something they aren’t good at.
　　Today， more and more schools have recognised the importance of exercise.Many of them have non-competitive sports days.They hope that by making sports days less competitive， children of all abilities will be encouraged to take part without fear of losing.Exercise and fitness are important for everyone， no matter how good at sport you are.10.（　　）
　　However， some people feel that it’s important that sport has winners and that learning to lose is just as important as learning how to win.11.（　　） Particularly， on a sports day when this is your chance to really prove yourself！
　　12.（　　） According to a 2017 survey by Families Onlines， 82% of parents say they prefer “traditional” competitive sports days. Many adults feel that children can learn valuable lessons in both winning and losing.It’s also an opportunity for some children to show off their physical and sporting skills.
　　People have different ideas about whether it is the winning or the taking part that counts when it comes to school sports days.13.（　　） We want to know your ideas.
A.What’s the point if no one wins？
B.Should sport just be about winning？
C.For many， the sports day can be a great day of fun.
D.So， should School Sports Day be competitive or not？
E.Everyone should be celebrated for trying and playing their part.
F.There are lots of people who agree with the idea — parents in particular！
G.Many parents are worried that their kids can get injured when doing sports.
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　Where do you go when you want to learn something？School？A friend？A tutor？These are all 　14　 places of learning.But it may well be that the learning you really want 　15　 somewhere else instead.I had the chance of seeing this first-hand at a 　16　.
　　My daughter plays on an amateur （业余的） soccer team.They did well this season and so 　17　 a tournament， which normally was only for more skilled club teams.This led to some 　18　 experiences on Saturday as they played against teams 　19　 trained.Through the first two games， her team did not get one shot at the goal.As a parent， I 　20　 seeing my daughter playing her best， 　21　 still being defeated.
　　It seemed that something clicked among the girls between Saturday and Sunday.When they 　22　 for their Sunday game， they were 　23　 different.They began to apply all kinds of plays and teamwork they had seen the day before to their 　24　.They played much better and 　25　 scored a goal.
　　It 　26　 me that playing against the other team was a great 　27　 moment for all the girls on the team.I think it is a general principle.　28　 is the best teacher.The lessons they learnt may not be different from what they would get in school， but are certainly more personal and meaningful， because they had to work them out on their own.
14.（　　）A.public B.traditional
C.official D.special
15.（　　）A.passes B.works
C.lies D.ends
16.（　　）A.trip B.holiday
C.weekend D.square
17.（　　）A.won B.entered
C.organized D.watched
18.（　　）A.painful B.strange
C.common D.practical
19.（　　）A.less B.poorly
C.newly D.better
20.（　　）A.imagined B.hated
C.avoided D.missed
21.（　　）A.if B.or
C.but D.as
22.（　　）A.dressed up B.showed up
C.made up D.gave up
23.（　　）A.slightly B.hardly
C.basically D.completely
24.（　　）A.styles B.training
C.game D.rules
25.（　　）A.even B.still
C.seldom D.again
26.（　　）A.confused B.struck
C.reminded D.warned
27.（　　）A.touching B.thinking
C.encouraging D.learning
28.（　　）A.Experience B.Independence
C.Curiosity D.Interest
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　American-born flying disc （飞盘） sport is played with a flying disc.Recently the activity has become one of 29.　　　　　　 most popular emerging （新兴的） sports in China.
　　“I was under the 30.　　　　　　 （impress） that it was only a toy for children and pets，” says Qu Xinchen， 30， of Beijing， 31.　　　　　　 started playing with the flying discs in April 2022.“The idea that it was a competitive game with social functions never crossed my mind.”
　　Qu says he went with friends to a game for new players.“It was quite 32.　　　　　　 （enjoy）， and we had a coach walking 33.　　　　　　 （we） through the rules and basic skills.”Qu plays with flying discs with his friends twice a week and has been to events 34.　　　　　　 （organize） by four different clubs across the capital.
　　On 7 July 2022， China’s General Administration of Sport 35.　　　　　　 （announce） the first Chinese Flying Disc League.
　　The low threshold （入门） for playing in terms of age limits and equipment has both helped increase the popularity of the flying disc in China.
Zhang Kun， an experienced player and organizer 36.　　　　　　 events in Beijing， says social media platforms and online influencers played a positive role in promoting （推广） the sport.“The sport is easy 37.　　　　　　 （pick） up and understand，” he says.“Your attention is fixed on the flying disc once it 38.　　　　　　 （throw）， and you may feel you’re flying too.”
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
基础知识自测
维度一
1.My computer has been attacked by an unknown virus very quickly.
2.The side effects of the new drug are being researched.
3.Students are being tested by the teachers on their knowledge of fitness.
4.Its computers have been given away by the company to a local school.
5.In that area， a supermarket is being built by the workers these days.
维度二
1.is being operated on　2.has never been heard of
3.have been printed by the teachers in the newspaper
4.has been used for two years　5.has this film been shown　6.be taken away from the library
维度三
1.has become a more and more serious problem
2.are being used
3.has been seen everywhere
4.a great deal of paper has been wasted
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了奥运会的最后一个比赛项目——马拉松赛跑，以及马拉松的起源、变化和有趣的故事等。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的As the leader comes into the stadium ...its feet to shout and cheer.可知，当领跑者走进体育场时，人群兴奋地叫喊起来。
2.A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的The marathon has been ...at the London Olympics， it was changed.可知，第二段是按照时间顺序展开的。
3.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的But experts believe that most people ...if they train for it.可知，不擅长运动的人不经过训练是跑不了马拉松的。
4.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的But perhaps one of the most beautiful ...the toughest course to run.可知，长城马拉松是最特别的马拉松。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是疾走、疾走的好处以及参加疾走健身活动的注意事项。
5.C　目的意图题。第一段主要介绍疾走是一项什么样的运动。
6.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，C项符合题意，文中的small but quick pace表示“小而快的步伐”，与C项中的small but fast steps同义。
7.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，疾走不仅对我们的身体有益，在精神方面也可以帮助我们减压并有益于睡眠。
8.A　文章出处题。本文主要介绍了疾走这项运动并说明疾走对我们的身体很有好处，在身心方面能让我们更加健康。文章最后还给了读者一些关于参加疾走健身活动的注意事项。综上所述，本文最可能出现在健康杂志上面。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了人们对运动会是否要设定输赢规则的不同观点。
9.C　上文提到了学生喜欢运动会和恐惧运动会这两种情况；下文For others， it might feel like having to take part in something they aren’t good at.讲述了学生恐惧运动会的情况，所以设空处应提到学生喜欢运动会的情况。故C项（对许多学生来说，运动会那天是充满乐趣的一天）符合语境。
10.E　上文讲述竞争性不太强的运动会让所有孩子不必担心失败，尽情地参与，这是它的益处，E项（每个人都应该因作出努力和发挥自己的作用而受到赞扬）承接上文，符合语境。
11.A　上下文讲述了赢的重要性，A项（如果没有人赢，那又有什么意义？）体现了支持运动会有必要设置输赢规则的人对赢的看重。
12.F　由设空处位置可知，设空处起到引领全段的作用，是对本段的高度概括。根据下文可知，本段是在讲述大部分人都同意上文提到的观点，特别是父母。F项符合语境。
13.D　根据空后的We want to know your ideas.可推断，设空处应是提出了一个问题；再根据空前一句可知，本段主要是在讨论在学校运动会中是赢重要还是参与重要，所以应该是对此进行提问。D项符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者的女儿所在的球队入围锦标赛。虽然在与强手角逐的比赛中失利，但是善于吸取教训的孩子们在周日的比赛中进球了。通过这次经历，作者感悟到通过亲身实践得来的经验更加富有意义。
14.B　根据上文的A friend？A tutor？可知，这些都是传统意义上的学习途径。
15.C　根据somewhere else可知，此处表示有可能你真正想要学习的东西在别处。
16.C　根据第三段第一句中的between Saturday and Sunday可知，这场比赛是在周末举行，即作者在周末见到了这样的事情。
17.B　根据本句的They did well this season可知，女儿所在的球队这个赛季表现得很好，所以进入了锦标赛。
18.A　根据第二段最后一句中的still being defeated可知，女儿的球队失败了，所以这些是痛苦的经历。
19.D　根据上一句中的more skilled club teams可知，她们的对手受过更好的训练。
20.B　根据常识可知，作为父母，谁也不愿意看到竭尽全力踢球的孩子遭受失败的打击。所以hated （讨厌） 符合语境。
21.C　根据空前的playing her best以及空后的still being defeated可知，虽然女儿竭尽全力，但还是失败了。前后是转折关系。
22.B　根据下文They began to apply all kinds of plays and teamwork可知，女儿的球队出现在周日的赛场上。
23.D　根据下文They played much better可知，女孩们表现得非常好，与之前比赛中的表现截然不同。
24.C　女儿的球队跟昨天相比已经完全不同了，由此推断出女儿的球队开始把前一天看到的和学到的各种打法和团队协作的技巧运用到她们的比赛当中了。
25.A　根据They played much better可知，此处表示递进关系，她们表现得更好，甚至还进了一个球。
26.B　由作者接下来阐述的感想可知，这是作者从这场比赛中突然想到的。固定句型It strikes/struck sb that ...意为“某人突然想到……”。
27.D　根据下文The lessons they learnt可知，作者认为对于球队的每个女孩来说，这场比赛是一个学习的好机会。
28.A　结合整个故事可知，和训练有素的对手比赛让孩子们学到了以前没有接触到的东西，获得了成功的经验，所以经验是最好的老师。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。飞盘运动在中国悄然兴起。
29.the　考查冠词。形容词最高级前应用定冠词the修饰。
30.impression　考查词形转换。under the impression that ...以为……。
31.who　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，故填who。
32.enjoyable　考查词形转换。设空处作表语，表示“有乐趣的，使人快乐的”，故填形容词enjoyable。
33.us　考查代词。设空处作walking的宾语，应用宾格，故填us。walk sb through sth （循序渐进地）教，逐步引导。
34.organized　考查非谓语动词。设空处作后置定语，修饰events，且organize与events之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填organized。
35.announced　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语On 7 July 2022可知，设空处描述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填announced。
36.of　考查介词。设空处表示所属关系，指Zhang Kun是北京赛事的组织者，故填介词of。
37.to pick　考查非谓语动词。设空处所在部分为“be＋adj.＋动词不定式”结构，其中动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义，故填to pick。
38.is thrown　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，又因it（指代the flying disc）与throw之间是被动关系，故填is thrown。
5 / 6Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态
Part One　现在进行时的被动语态
阅读下列句子，思考现在进行时的被动语态用法。
1.Weight training classes， for example， are being designed and will be added to our programme soon.
2.The plan is not being discussed at the meeting now.
3.The finishing touches are now being put to a new swimming pool and our workout rooms have been updated with modern equipment.
【我的发现】
现在进行时的被动语态，其谓语肯定形式构成是　　　　　　，如句1、3；否定结构为　　　　　　，如句2。
一、现在进行时的被动语态的含义及结构
现在进行时的被动语态表示某动作正在被执行，强调主语是动作的承受者。其基本结构为：
肯定式 主语＋is/am/are being done ...
否定式 主语＋is/am/are not being done ...
一般疑问式 Is/Am/Are＋主语＋being done ...？
特殊疑问式 疑问词＋is/am/are＋主语＋being done ...？
More than 2，500 people are being treated in hospital.
2500多人正在医院接受治疗。
The meeting room isn’t being used at the moment.
目前会议室没有人用。
Is Jessie being interviewed now？
杰西现在正在接受采访吗？
Where is the activity being held now？
现在这项活动在哪里举行？
【即时演练1】　句型转换
　They are building a modern school in his hometown.
①A modern school 　　　　　　in his hometown.（改为被动语态）
②A modern school 　　　　　　in his hometown.（把句①改为否定句）
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（把句①改为一般疑问句）
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（对句①就in his hometown进行提问）
二、现在进行时的被动语态的用法
1.表示说话时正在进行或发生的被动动作，常与now、 at the moment等时间状语连用。
He is being interviewed by the headmaster now.
他现在正在接受校长的面试。
2.表示现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作（说话时不一定在进行）。
The plan to explore the South Pole is being made these days.
最近正在制订勘探南极的计划。
3.表示经常性的被动行为，常和always， often， constantly 等词连用，表达某种感彩。
He is always being praised by the teacher.
他总是被老师表扬。
4.与部分情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。
He may be being scolded by his father at the very moment.
此刻他也许正被他父亲责骂。
5.现在进行时的被动语态可以由“be＋under/in/on等介词＋名词”结构代替。例如：on show、in use、under protection、under repair、under discussion、under consideration 等。
The telephone is in use now.
＝The telephone is being used now.
电话现在正在被使用。
Many new inventions are on exhibition.
＝Many new inventions are being exhibited.
许多新发明正在被展出。
6.一些表示状态、心理活动、拥有、存在等的动词，一般不用现在进行时的被动语态，而是常用一般现在时的被动语态来表示此时此刻或目前主语正承受的动作。
Mary， come here.You are wanted on the phone.
玛丽，过来。有人给你打电话。
【即时演练2】　完成句子
　①A new gym 　　　　　　　　　　　　.They hope to finish it next month.
一个新的体育馆正在建造中。他们希望下个月完工。
②Look！ The baby 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
看！这个婴儿正由她的阿姨照顾。
③One third of the class 　　　　　　　　by the teachers now.
现在班上三分之一的学生正在接受老师的提问。
④The problem 　　　　　　　　　　　　at the meeting now.
这个问题现在正在会议上被讨论。
Part Two　现在完成时的被动语态
阅读下列句子，思考现在完成时的被动语态用法。
1.Our facilities have been enlarged and redone， and our centre is now bigger and better than ever before.
2. ... and our workout rooms have been updated with modern equipment.
3.In response to public interest， our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options， including modern dance.
4.Five novels have been read since we last saw each other， you know.
5.The new hybrid rice has been developed by Yuan Longping and his team.
【我的发现】
（1）现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去，到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响。谓语动词形式为　　　　　　　　　　。
（2）由句4可知，现在完成时的被动语态也可与 　　　　　　引导的时间状语从句连用。
一、现在完成时的被动语态的含义及结构
现在完成时的被动语态表示某动作已经被完成。其基本结构为：
肯定式 主语＋has/have been done ...
否定式 主语＋has/have not been done ...
一般疑问式 Has/Have＋主语＋been done ...？
特殊疑问式 疑问词＋has/have＋主语＋been done ...？
—Has her work been finished？
—Yes， it has./No， it hasn’t.
——她的工作完成了吗？
——是的， 完成了。/不， 没有完成。
How long has her homework been completed？
她的作业完成多久了？
The car has not been repaired.
这辆汽车还没有被修好。
Financial problems have been discussed for nearly two hours.
财务问题已经被讨论了近两个小时。
【即时演练3】　完成句子
　①The child 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　by his grandma all these years.
这些年来，这个孩子一直受到奶奶的悉心照顾。
②The movie 　　　　　　　　　　　　for 10 minutes.
这部电影已经被下载了10分钟。
③She 　　　　　　　　　　since then.
从那时起，她就没来过信。
二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1.表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在产生的影响或造成的结果，通常与already、yet、never、recently等副词及时间状语so far、by now、up till now、since等连用。
The room has already been cleaned.
这个房间已经被打扫干净了。（现在已经不用打扫房间了）
2.表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since等引导的时间状语（从句）连用，或用于How long ...？句型中。
The machine has been repaired for two hours.
这台机器已经被修理两个小时了。（可能还会继续被修理）
3.用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
You shouldn’t leave school before your homework has been finished.
在完成作业之前你不应该离开学校。
【即时演练4】　用被动语态改写句子
①A heavy storm has just attacked many villagers.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
②They have found a good place to build a school in the village.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
③They haven’t yet decided how to solve that difficult technological problem.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知
【教材原句】　We are happy to announce that the Community Sports Centre will soon be open to the public once again！我们很高兴地宣布，社区健身中心不久将会重新开放供市民使用！
【用法】
（1）announce sth to sb 　　向某人宣告某事
announce that ... 宣布……，宣告……
it is announced that ... 据宣布……
（2）announcement n. 宣布；通告；声明
make an announcement 下通知；宣布；发布公告
（3）announcer n. 播音员
【佳句】　A ring at the doorbell announced Jack’s arrival.门铃响预示杰克到了。
The announcer made an announcement that all the details should be announced through the broadcast.
广播员宣布所有的细节都应通过广播发布。
【点津】　announce的宾语只能是sth或that从句，不能加双宾语。表示“向某人宣布或通知某事”应用announce sth to sb。
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①They will announce the result of the vote 　　　　the public tonight.
②I will make an 　　　　　　（announce） to remind them that they should check their belongings.
③The authority announced 　　　　the new library which is under construction would be opened to the public next year.
④　　　　　　　　　　　　 the new speed restrictions would be introduced.
据宣布，新的限速规定将被发布。
【写美】　翻译句子
⑤请大家注意。我要宣布一个通知。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
put the finishing touches to 对……进行最后的润色或修饰
【教材原句】　The finishing touches are now being put to a new swimming pool and our workout rooms have been updated with modern equipment.
现在正在为一个新的游泳池做最后的润色，我们的健身室也更新了现代化的设备。
【用法】
a sense of touch　　　　　触觉
in/out of touch with sb与某人有联系/无联系
keep in touch with sb 与某人保持联系
get in touch with sb 与某人取得联系
lose touch with sb 与某人失去联系
【佳句】　Engineers are putting the finishing touches to Chinese suspension bridge that will be one of the world’s biggest.
工程师们正给将成为世界最大的悬索桥之一的中国悬索桥进行最后的润色。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Both of us agreed to keep 　　　　touch with each other forever.
②Employees are putting the finishing touches 　　　　the hospital.
③We have been out 　　　　touch with them for about two years.
【写美】　完成句子
④He wondered 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
他想知道怎样与那家工厂取得联系。
in response to 对……作出反应；作为对……的回复
【教材原句】　In response to public interest， our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options，including modern dance.为了满足公众的喜好，我们的有氧运动课程已经停开，取而代之的是一些有趣的课程，包括现代舞。
【用法】
（1）make （a） response to回答/响应……，对……作出反应
（2）respond vi. 回答；响应；作出反应
respond to 对……作出反应
【佳句】　I’m writing to have a brief introduction of Beijing Opera in response to your request.
我写信简要介绍京剧以回应你的要求。
【点津】　in response to、respond to、make （a） response to中的to都是介词，后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
【练透】　完成句子
①Carl 　　　　　　　　　　　　， and carried on with his temporary work.
卡尔没有回应，继续他的临时性工作。
②“I will never do that again，” he 　　　　　　　　　　with tears of regret in his eyes.
他眼里含着后悔的泪水回答我说：“我再也不会那样做了。”
【写美】　句型转换
③The girl responded to his rude words with a smile.
→The girl 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　his rude words with a smile.
replace vt.用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新；把……放回原处
【用法】
（1）replace sb/sth＝take the place of sb/sth　　代替某人/某物
replace ...with/by ... 用……替换……
take one’s place＝take the place of 代替……
in place of＝in one’s place 代替；取代
（2）replacement n. 代替；替换；替代者
【佳句】　Please replace the books after reading.
阅读完毕后请把书放回原处。
To live a happy life we are supposed to learn to replace negative thoughts with positive thoughts.
要过上幸福的生活，我们应该学会用积极的思想代替消极的思想。
【点津】　与replace词义相近的还有take the place of、in place of、substitute等。in replace of为介词短语，不可单独作谓语。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced 　　　　　　a modern hotel or not.
②She will continue in her present job until a 　　　　　　（replace） can be found.
③Jane was ill， so I went to the conference 　　　　place of her.
【写美】　一句多译
④找一个人来代替现在的经理是困难的。
→It would be difficult to find a man 　　　　　　　　　　　　.（in place of）
→It would be difficult to find a man 　　　　　　　　　　　　.（replace）
→It would be difficult to find a man 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（take the place of）
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
【重难语法·要攻克】
Part One
我的发现
is/am/are being done； is/am/are not being done
即时演练1
①is being built　②isn’t being built
③Is a modern school being built in his hometown？
④Where is a modern school being built？
即时演练2
①is being built　②is being taken care of by her aunt
③are being questioned
④is under discussion/is being discussed
Part Two
我的发现
（1）has/have been done　（2）since
即时演练3
①has been taken good care of　②has been downloaded　③hasn’t been heard from
即时演练4
①Many villagers have just been attacked by a heavy storm.
②A good place has been found by them to build a school in the village.
③How to solve that difficult technological problem has not been decided by them yet.
【核心知识·巧突破】
1.①to　②announcement　③that　④It was announced that
⑤Attention， please.I have an announcement to make.
2.①in　②to　③of　④how to get in touch with that factory
3.①made no response　②responded to me
③made （a） response to
4.①with/by　②replacement　③in
④in place of the present manager； to replace the present manager； to take the place of the present manager(共86张PPT)
Section Ⅱ
Grammar and usage
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
2
核心知识·巧突破
3
课时检测·提能力
重难语法 · 要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
现在进行时和现在完成时的被动语态
Part One　现在进行时的被动语态
阅读下列句子，思考现在进行时的被动语态用法。
1. Weight training classes， for example， are being designed and will
be added to our programme soon.
2. The plan is not being discussed at the meeting now.
3. The finishing touches are now being put to a new swimming pool and
our workout rooms have been updated with modern equipment.
【我的发现】
现在进行时的被动语态，其谓语肯定形式构成是
，如句1、3；否定结构为
，如句2。
is/am/are
being done　
is/am/are not being
done　
一、现在进行时的被动语态的含义及结构
现在进行时的被动语态表示某动作正在被执行，强调主语是动作的承
受者。其基本结构为：
肯定式 主语＋is/am/are being done ...
否定式 主语＋is/am/are not being done ...
一般疑问式 Is/Am/Are＋主语＋being done ...？
特殊疑问式 疑问词＋is/am/are＋主语＋being done ...？
More than 2，500 people are being treated in hospital.
2500多人正在医院接受治疗。
The meeting room isn’t being used at the moment.
目前会议室没有人用。
Is Jessie being interviewed now？
杰西现在正在接受采访吗？
Where is the activity being held now？
现在这项活动在哪里举行？
【即时演练1】　句型转换
　They are building a modern school in his hometown.
①A modern school in his hometown.（改为被
动语态）
②A modern school in his hometown.（把句①改
为否定句）
③ （把句①改为一
般疑问句）
④ （对句①就in his
hometown进行提问）
is being built　
isn’t being built　
Is a modern school being built in his hometown？　
Where is a modern school being built？　
二、现在进行时的被动语态的用法
1. 表示说话时正在进行或发生的被动动作，常与now、 at the moment
等时间状语连用。
He is being interviewed by the headmaster now.
他现在正在接受校长的面试。
2. 表示现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作（说话时不一定在进行）。
The plan to explore the South Pole is being made these days.
最近正在制订勘探南极的计划。
3. 表示经常性的被动行为，常和always， often， constantly 等词连
用，表达某种感彩。
He is always being praised by the teacher.
他总是被老师表扬。
4. 与部分情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。
He may be being scolded by his father at the very moment.
此刻他也许正被他父亲责骂。
5. 现在进行时的被动语态可以由“be＋under/in/on等介词＋名词”结
构代替。例如：on show、in use、under protection、under repair、
under discussion、under consideration 等。
The telephone is in use now.
＝The telephone is being used now.
电话现在正在被使用。
Many new inventions are on exhibition.
＝Many new inventions are being exhibited.
许多新发明正在被展出。
6. 一些表示状态、心理活动、拥有、存在等的动词，一般不用现在进
行时的被动语态，而是常用一般现在时的被动语态来表示此时此刻
或目前主语正承受的动作。
Mary， come here.You are wanted on the phone.
玛丽，过来。有人给你打电话。
【即时演练2】　完成句子
①A new gym .They hope to finish it next month.
一个新的体育馆正在建造中。他们希望下个月完工。
②Look！ The baby .
看！这个婴儿正由她的阿姨照顾。
③One third of the class by the teachers now.
现在班上三分之一的学生正在接受老师的提问。
④The problem at the meeting
now.
这个问题现在正在会议上被讨论。
is being built　
is being taken care of by her aunt　
are being questioned　
is under discussion/is being discussed　
Part Two　现在完成时的被动语态
阅读下列句子，思考现在完成时的被动语态用法。
1. Our facilities have been enlarged and redone， and our centre is now
bigger and better than ever before.
2. ... and our workout rooms have been updated with modern
equipment.
3. In response to public interest， our aerobics class has been replaced
with several fun options， including modern dance.
4. Five novels have been read since we last saw each other， you know.
5. The new hybrid rice has been developed by Yuan Longping and his
team.
【我的发现】
（1）现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去，到现在已经完
成或对现在仍有影响。谓语动词形式为
。
（2）由句4可知，现在完成时的被动语态也可与 引导的
时间状语从句连用。
has/have been
done　
since　
一、现在完成时的被动语态的含义及结构
现在完成时的被动语态表示某动作已经被完成。其基本结构为：
肯定式 主语＋has/have been done ...
否定式 主语＋has/have not been done ...
一般疑问式 Has/Have＋主语＋been done ...？
特殊疑问式 疑问词＋has/have＋主语＋been done ...？
—Has her work been finished？
—Yes， it has./No， it hasn’t.
——她的工作完成了吗？
——是的， 完成了。/不， 没有完成。
How long has her homework been completed？
她的作业完成多久了？
The car has not been repaired.
这辆汽车还没有被修好。
Financial problems have been discussed for nearly two hours.
财务问题已经被讨论了近两个小时。
【即时演练3】　完成句子
①The child by his grandma all these
years.
这些年来，这个孩子一直受到奶奶的悉心照顾。
②The movie for 10 minutes.
这部电影已经被下载了10分钟。
③She since then.
从那时起，她就没来过信。
has been taken good care of　
has been downloaded　
hasn’t been heard from　
二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1. 表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在产生
的影响或造成的结果，通常与already、yet、never、recently等副词
及时间状语so far、by now、up till now、since等连用。
The room has already been cleaned.
这个房间已经被打扫干净了。（现在已经不用打扫房间了）
2. 表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能持
续下去，常与for或since等引导的时间状语（从句）连用，或用于
How long ...？句型中。
The machine has been repaired for two hours.
这台机器已经被修理两个小时了。（可能还会继续被修理）
3. 用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作，即用
现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
You shouldn’t leave school before your homework has been finished.
在完成作业之前你不应该离开学校。
【即时演练4】　用被动语态改写句子
①A heavy storm has just attacked many villagers.
→
②They have found a good place to build a school in the village.
→

③They haven’t yet decided how to solve that difficult technological
problem.
→

Many villagers have just been attacked by a heavy storm.　
A good place has been found by them to build a school in the
village.　
How to solve that difficult technological problem has not been
decided by them yet.　
2
核心知识·巧突破探究课堂重点
announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知
【教材原句】　We are happy to announce that the Community Sports
Centre will soon be open to the public once again！我们很高兴地宣布，
社区健身中心不久将会重新开放供市民使用！
（2）announcement n. 宣布；通告；声明
make an announcement 下通知；宣布；发布公告
（3）announcer n. 播音员
【用法】
（1）announce sth to sb 向某人宣告某事
announce that ... 宣布……，宣告……
it is announced that ... 据宣布……
【佳句】　A ring at the doorbell announced Jack’s arrival.门铃响预示
杰克到了。
The announcer made an announcement that all the details should be
announced through the broadcast.
广播员宣布所有的细节都应通过广播发布。
【点津】　announce的宾语只能是sth或that从句，不能加双宾语。表
示“向某人宣布或通知某事”应用announce sth to sb。
【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①They will announce the result of the vote the public tonight.
②I will make an （announce） to remind them that
they should check their belongings.
③The authority announced the new library which is under
construction would be opened to the public next year.
④ the new speed restrictions would be
introduced.
据宣布，新的限速规定将被发布。
to　
announcement　
that　
It was announced that　
【写美】　翻译句子
⑤请大家注意。我要宣布一个通知。

Attention， please.I have an announcement to make.
put the finishing touches to 对……进行最后的润色或修饰
【教材原句】　The finishing touches are now being put to a new
swimming pool and our workout rooms have been updated with modern
equipment.现在正在为一个新的游泳池做最后的润色，我们的健身室
也更新了现代化的设备。
【用法】
a sense of touch 触觉
in/out of touch with sb 与某人有联系/无联系
keep in touch with sb 与某人保持联系
get in touch with sb 与某人取得联系
lose touch with sb 与某人失去联系
【佳句】　Engineers are putting the finishing touches to Chinese
suspension bridge that will be one of the world’s biggest.
工程师们正给将成为世界最大的悬索桥之一的中国悬索桥进行最后的
润色。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Both of us agreed to keep touch with each other forever.
②Employees are putting the finishing touches the hospital.
③We have been out touch with them for about two years.
in　
to　
of　
【写美】　完成句子
④He wondered .
他想知道怎样与那家工厂取得联系。
how to get in touch with that factory　
in response to 对……作出反应；作为对……的回复
【教材原句】　In response to public interest， our aerobics class has
been replaced with several fun options，including modern dance.
为了满足公众的喜好，我们的有氧运动课程已经停开，取而代之的是
一些有趣的课程，包括现代舞。
【用法】
（1）make （a） response to 回答/响应……，对……作出反应
（2）respond vi. 回答；响应；作出反应
respond to 对……作出反应
【佳句】　I’m writing to have a brief introduction of Beijing Opera in
response to your request.
我写信简要介绍京剧以回应你的要求。
【点津】　in response to、respond to、make （a） response to中的to都
是介词，后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
【练透】　完成句子
①Carl ， and carried on with his temporary work.
卡尔没有回应，继续他的临时性工作。
②“I will never do that again，” he with tears of
regret in his eyes.
他眼里含着后悔的泪水回答我说：“我再也不会那样做了。”
【写美】　句型转换
③The girl responded to his rude words with a smile.
→The girl his rude words with a smile.
made no response　
responded to me　
made （a） response to　
replace vt.用……替换；代替，取代；更换，更新；把……放回原
处
【用法】
（1）replace sb/sth＝take the place of sb/sth 代替某人/某物
replace ...with/by ... 用……替换……
take one’s place＝take the place of 代替……
in place of＝in one’s place 代替；取代
（2）replacement n. 代替；替换；替代者
【佳句】　Please replace the books after reading.
阅读完毕后请把书放回原处。
To live a happy life we are supposed to learn to replace negative thoughts
with positive thoughts.
要过上幸福的生活，我们应该学会用积极的思想代替消极的思想。
【点津】　与replace词义相近的还有take the place of、in place of、
substitute等。in replace of为介词短语，不可单独作谓语。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be
replaced a modern hotel or not.
②She will continue in her present job until a
（replace） can be found.
③Jane was ill， so I went to the conference place of her.
with/by　
replacement　
in　
【写美】　一句多译
④找一个人来代替现在的经理是困难的。
→It would be difficult to find a man .
（in place of）
→It would be difficult to find a man .
（replace）
→It would be difficult to find a man
.（take the place of）
in place of the present manager　
to replace the present manager　
to take the place of the present
manager　
课时检测 · 提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：品句填词
将下列句子改为被动语态。
1. An unknown virus has attacked my computer very quickly.
→

2. The side effects of the new drug are under research.
→
My computer has been attacked by an unknown virus very
quickly.　
The side effects of the new drug are being researched.　
3. The teachers are testing students on their knowledge of fitness.
→

4. The company has given its computers away to a local school.
→

5. In that area，the workers are building a supermarket these days.
→

Students are being tested by the teachers on their knowledge of
fitness.　
Its computers have been given away by the company to a local
school.　
In that area， a supermarket is being built by the workers these
days.　
维度二：语法与写作
用被动语态完成下列句子。
1. The patient .
病人正在动手术。
2. Such a thing .
从来没有听说过这样的事。
3. The dates of each course
.
每门课的日期都由老师们印在报纸上。
is being operated on　
has never been heard of　
have been printed by the teachers in the
newspaper　
4. This mobile phone .
这部手机已经使用两年了。
5. How long ？
这部电影已放映多长时间了？
6. This dictionary mustn’t .
不能从图书馆拿走这本词典。
has been used for two years　
has this film been shown　
be taken away from the library　
维度三：语法与语篇
阅读下面短文，根据括号内的汉语提示完成语篇。
　　As is known to all， waste 1.
（已经成为一个越来越严重的问题）.We can easily see
many people do not turn off the lights after using them； many disposable
products 2. （正在被使用） in our daily lives； some
good food 3. （已经到处可见） in the
garbage can.In the office， some equipment is often on for a long time but
nobody is using it.What’s worse， 4.
（大量的纸张已经被浪费了）.
In my opinion， we should call on more and more people to fight
against waste.
has become a more and more serious
problem　
are being used　
has been seen everywhere　
a great deal of paper has been
wasted　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The final event in the Olympics is the marathon.It is also usually the
most exciting.As the leader comes into the stadium to run the last few
meters of the 42-kilometer race， the crowd rises to its feet to shout and
cheer.The name of the race comes from a battle （战争） in Ancient
Greece.According to the story， a soldier ran from the battle field，
Marathon， to Athens， to bring the news of a Greek victory against the
Persians.He died just after arriving.
The marathon has been an Olympic event since the modern games
started in 1896.At first the distance was 40 kilometers — the distance
between Marathon and Athens.In 1908， however， at the London
Olympics， it was changed.The King of England wanted the runners to
leave from his castle in Windsor and arrive in a new stadium in central
London.The distance was 26 miles — about 42 kilometers.In fact， the
1908 marathon ended dramatically （戏剧性地）.When the leader， an
Italian， entered the stadium he turned the wrong way and fell onto the
ground.Officials picked him up and helped him to the finishing line， just
as the second runner， an American， entered the stadium.The Americans
protested （抗议） and in the end the American runner was declared the
winner.Since then， there have been many more exciting marathons.
In fact， you don’t have to wait for the Olympic Games to run or
watch a marathon， as there are marathons in over sixty countries and
hundreds of cities around the world today.One of the most famous
marathons is in New York， and is watched by two million people around
the streets and across the bridges of the city， and past New York’s
famous landmarks.But perhaps one of the most beautiful and unique
marathons ever is the Great Wall Marathon， which most competitors find
is the toughest course to run.
The marathon is the final Olympic event because it is thought to be
the hardest.But experts believe that most people — even people who are
not very good at sport — can run a marathon， if they train for it.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了奥运会的最后一个比赛
项目——马拉松赛跑，以及马拉松的起源、变化和有趣的故事等。
1. What did the crowd do when the leader came into the stadium？（　　）
A. They stood up quietly.
B. They shouted with excitement.
C. They carried him to the line.
D. They cried sadly.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段中的As the leader comes into the
stadium ...its feet to shout and cheer.可知，当领跑者走进体育场
时，人群兴奋地叫喊起来。
2. How is the second paragraph developed？（　　）
A. By following time order.
B. By listing numbers.
C. By following space order.
D. By giving reasons.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段中的The marathon has
been ...at the London Olympics， it was changed.可知，第二段是按
照时间顺序展开的。
3. What do we know about the marathon according to the passage？（　　）
A. The name of the race comes from a battle in Greece.
B. The Marathons have the same length all the time.
C. The Great Wall Marathon is the easiest course to run.
D. People not good at sport cannot run a marathon unless trained.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的But experts believe that
most people ...if they train for it.可知，不擅长运动的人不经过训练
是跑不了马拉松的。
4. Which is the most special marathon mentioned in the passage？（　　）
A. The Marathon in London in 1908.
B. The Great Wall Marathon.
C. The Marathon in New York.
D. The Marathon in 1896.
解析：　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的But perhaps one of the
most beautiful ...the toughest course to run.可知，长城马拉松是最
特别的马拉松。
B
　　Power walking， also referred to as speed walking， is an aerobic
（有氧的） activity that can be done just about anywhere or anytime.An
individual who participates in the activity travels at a pace that is faster
than walking but slower than jogging.
　　A proper technique for power walking includes taking small but quick
pace and landing on the heels， with toes aimed at a 45-degree angle from
the ground.Speed is produced by flexibility （柔韧性）， not long
pace.With each step， the walker rolls his or her feet forward and thrusts
（猛推） from the toes to start a new step.This thrust gives a walker more
force and power.With each step， the walker keeps his or her arms bent at
a 90-degree angle while keeping a closed fist and making a curved move
from the waist to the chest.The walker repeats the move while allowing
his or her arms to swing， which helps to keep a light pace and uses more
calories.
　　The activity provides many benefits for walkers.Power walking helps
build up muscles and burn calories.It can also help to control an
individual’s weight and can enhance the immune system.It improves
physical fitness， which may help lower the risk of injury； it also lowers
stress levels， and can help provide a comfortable night’s sleep.Power
walking can also improve the cardiovascular （心血管的） system.
　　Before beginning the activity， an individual should check with his
or her doctor.A walker should also make sure he or she has comfortable
fitting shoes before engaging in walking.Shoes that are light and flexible
can prevent soreness and tingling （刺痛） in the feet and toes.A
beginner will often walk up to 30 minutes， while a person more advanced
in the technique can engage in the activity for up to an hour.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是疾走、疾走
的好处以及参加疾走健身活动的注意事项。
5. What is the purpose of Paragraph 1？（　　）
A. To offer some questions.
B. To provide some examples.
C. To explain what power walking is.
D. To make a comparison with jogging.
解析：　目的意图题。第一段主要介绍疾走是一项什么样的
运动。
6. Which of the following is mentioned in the text？（　　）
A. Landing on the toes first.
B. Keeping the whole body relaxed.
C. Walking with small but fast steps.
D. Keeping his or her arms bent at a 45-degree angle.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，C项符合题意，
文中的small but quick pace表示“小而快的步伐”，与C项中的
small but fast steps同义。
7. What can we learn about power walking according to the text？（　　）
A. Anyone can do the sport.
B. It can benefit body and mind.
C. There is no time limit when doing power walking.
D. Sports shoes are a must when doing power walking.
解析：　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，疾走不仅对我
们的身体有益，在精神方面也可以帮助我们减压并有益于睡眠。
8. From which is the text probably taken？（　　）
A. A health magazine.
B. A travel brochure.
C. A biology textbook.
D. An advertisement column.
解析：　文章出处题。本文主要介绍了疾走这项运动并说明疾走
对我们的身体很有好处，在身心方面能让我们更加健康。文章最后
还给了读者一些关于参加疾走健身活动的注意事项。综上所述，本
文最可能出现在健康杂志上面。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Sports day！These two words can inspire both joy and fear in the
hearts of students everywhere.9.（　　） And it’s also the chance to
bag a prize or two.For others， it might feel like having to take part in
something they aren’t good at.
　　Today， more and more schools have recognised the importance of
exercise.Many of them have non-competitive sports days.They hope that
by making sports days less competitive， children of all abilities will be
encouraged to take part without fear of losing.Exercise and fitness are
important for everyone， no matter how good at sport you are.10.
（　　）
　　However， some people feel that it’s important that sport has
winners and that learning to lose is just as important as learning how to
win.11.（　　） Particularly， on a sports day when this is your chance
to really prove yourself！
　　12. （　　） According to a 2017 survey by Families Onlines，
82% of parents say they prefer “traditional” competitive sports days.
Many adults feel that children can learn valuable lessons in both winning
and losing.It’s also an opportunity for some children to show off their
physical and sporting skills.
　　People have different ideas about whether it is the winning or the
taking part that counts when it comes to school sports days.13.（　　）
We want to know your ideas.
A. What’s the point if no one wins？
B. Should sport just be about winning？
C. For many， the sports day can be a great day of fun.
D. So， should School Sports Day be competitive or not？
E. Everyone should be celebrated for trying and playing their part.
F. There are lots of people who agree with the idea — parents in
particular！
G. Many parents are worried that their kids can get injured when doing
sports.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了人们对运动会是否要设
定输赢规则的不同观点。
9. C　上文提到了学生喜欢运动会和恐惧运动会这两种情况；下文For
others， it might feel like having to take part in something they aren’t
good at.讲述了学生恐惧运动会的情况，所以设空处应提到学生喜欢
运动会的情况。故C项（对许多学生来说，运动会那天是充满乐趣的
一天）符合语境。
10. E　上文讲述竞争性不太强的运动会让所有孩子不必担心失败，
尽情地参与，这是它的益处，E项（每个人都应该因作出努力和发挥
自己的作用而受到赞扬）承接上文，符合语境。
11. A　上下文讲述了赢的重要性，A项（如果没有人赢，那又有什么
意义？）体现了支持运动会有必要设置输赢规则的人对赢的看重。
12. F　由设空处位置可知，设空处起到引领全段的作用，是对本段的
高度概括。根据下文可知，本段是在讲述大部分人都同意上文提到的
观点，特别是父母。F项符合语境。
13. D　根据空后的We want to know your ideas.可推断，设空处应是
提出了一个问题；再根据空前一句可知，本段主要是在讨论在学校运
动会中是赢重要还是参与重要，所以应该是对此进行提问。D项符合
语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　Where do you go when you want to learn something？School？A
friend？A tutor？These are all 　14　 places of learning.But it may well
be that the learning you really want 　15　 somewhere else instead.I had
the chance of seeing this first-hand at a 　16　.
　　My daughter plays on an amateur （业余的） soccer team.They did
well this season and so 　17　 a tournament， which normally was only
for more skilled club teams.This led to some 　18　 experiences on
Saturday as they played against teams 　19　 trained.Through the first
two games， her team did not get one shot at the goal.As a parent，
I 　20　 seeing my daughter playing her best， 　21　 still being
defeated.
　　It seemed that something clicked among the girls between Saturday
and Sunday.When they 　22　 for their Sunday game， they
were 　23　 different.They began to apply all kinds of plays and
teamwork they had seen the day before to their 　24　.They played much
better and 　25　 scored a goal.
　　It 　26　 me that playing against the other team was a great 　27　
moment for all the girls on the team.I think it is a general
principle. 　28　 is the best teacher.The lessons they learnt may not be
different from what they would get in school， but are certainly more
personal and meaningful， because they had to work them out on their
own.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者的女儿所在的球队入围锦
标赛。虽然在与强手角逐的比赛中失利，但是善于吸取教训的孩子
们在周日的比赛中进球了。通过这次经历，作者感悟到通过亲身实
践得来的经验更加富有意义。
14. A. public B. traditional
C. official D. special
解析：　根据上文的A friend？A tutor？可知，这些都是传统意
义上的学习途径。
15. A. passes B. works C. lies D. ends
解析：　根据somewhere else可知，此处表示有可能你真正想要
学习的东西在别处。
16. A. trip B. holiday
C. weekend D. square
解析：　根据第三段第一句中的between Saturday and Sunday可
知，这场比赛是在周末举行，即作者在周末见到了这样的事情。
17. A. won B. entered
C. organized D. watched
解析：　根据本句的They did well this season可知，女儿所在的
球队这个赛季表现得很好，所以进入了锦标赛。
18. A. painful B. strange
C. common D. practical
解析：　根据第二段最后一句中的still being defeated可知，女儿
的球队失败了，所以这些是痛苦的经历。
19. A. less B. poorly C. newly D. better
解析：　根据上一句中的more skilled club teams可知，她们的对
手受过更好的训练。
20. A. imagined B. hated
C. avoided D. missed
解析：　根据常识可知，作为父母，谁也不愿意看到竭尽全力
踢球的孩子遭受失败的打击。所以hated （讨厌） 符合语境。
21. A. if B. or C. but D. as
解析：　根据空前的playing her best以及空后的still being
defeated可知，虽然女儿竭尽全力，但还是失败了。前后是转
折关系。
22. A. dressed up B. showed up
C. made up D. gave up
解析：　根据下文They began to apply all kinds of plays and
teamwork可知，女儿的球队出现在周日的赛场上。
23. A. slightly B. hardly
C. basically D. completely
解析：　根据下文They played much better可知，女孩们表现得
非常好，与之前比赛中的表现截然不同。
24. A. styles B. training
C. game D. rules
解析：　女儿的球队跟昨天相比已经完全不同了，由此推断出
女儿的球队开始把前一天看到的和学到的各种打法和团队协作的
技巧运用到她们的比赛当中了。
25. A. even B. still C. seldom D. again
解析：　根据They played much better可知，此处表示递进关
系，她们表现得更好，甚至还进了一个球。
26. A. confused B. struck
C. reminded D. warned
解析：　由作者接下来阐述的感想可知，这是作者从这场比赛
中突然想到的。固定句型It strikes/struck sb that ...意为“某人突
然想到……”。
27. A. touching B. thinking
C. encouraging D. learning
解析：　根据下文The lessons they learnt可知，作者认为对于球
队的每个女孩来说，这场比赛是一个学习的好机会。
28. A. Experience B. Independence
C. Curiosity D. Interest
解析：　结合整个故事可知，和训练有素的对手比赛让孩子们
学到了以前没有接触到的东西，获得了成功的经验，所以经验是
最好的老师。
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　American-born flying disc （飞盘） sport is played with a flying
disc.Recently the activity has become one of 29. 　　　　　　 most
popular emerging （新兴的） sports in China.
　　“I was under the 30. 　　　　　　 （impress） that it was only a
toy for children and pets，” says Qu Xinchen， 30， of Beijing，
31. 　　　　　　 started playing with the flying discs in April
2022.“The idea that it was a competitive game with social functions
never crossed my mind.”
　　Qu says he went with friends to a game for new players.“It was
quite 32. 　　　　　　 （enjoy）， and we had a coach walking
33. 　　　　　　 （we） through the rules and basic skills.”Qu plays
with flying discs with his friends twice a week and has been to events
34. 　　　　　　 （organize） by four different clubs across the capital.
　　On 7 July 2022， China’s General Administration of Sport
35. 　　　　　　 （announce） the first Chinese Flying Disc League.
　　The low threshold （入门） for playing in terms of age limits and
equipment has both helped increase the popularity of the flying disc in
China.
　　Zhang Kun， an experienced player and organizer 36. 　　　　　　
events in Beijing， says social media platforms and online influencers
played a positive role in promoting （推广） the sport.“The sport is easy
37. 　　　　　　 （pick） up and understand，” he says.“Your
attention is fixed on the flying disc once it 38. 　　　　　　 （throw），
and you may feel you’re flying too.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。飞盘运动在中国悄然兴起。
29. the　考查冠词。形容词最高级前应用定冠词the修饰。
30. impression　考查词形转换。under the impression that ...以
为……。
31. who　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句
中作主语，故填who。
32. enjoyable　考查词形转换。设空处作表语，表示“有乐趣的，使
人快乐的”，故填形容词enjoyable。
33. us　考查代词。设空处作walking的宾语，应用宾格，故填us。
walk sb through sth （循序渐进地）教，逐步引导。
34. organized　考查非谓语动词。设空处作后置定语，修饰events，且
organize与events之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填organized。
35. announced　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语On 7 July 2022可知，
设空处描述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填announced。
36. of　考查介词。设空处表示所属关系，指Zhang Kun是北京赛事的
组织者，故填介词of。
37. to pick　考查非谓语动词。设空处所在部分为“be＋adj.＋动词不
定式”结构，其中动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义，故填to
pick。
38. is thrown　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，
此处描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，又因it（指代the flying disc）
与throw之间是被动关系，故填is thrown。
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