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(共26张PPT)
Unit 2 Amazing numbers
主题范畴：
人与社会
主题群：
历史、社会与文化；科学与技术
子主题：
对世界、国家、人民和社会进步有突出贡献的人物；科学技术与工程，人类发明与创新
Key question
What is the role of numbers in our daily lives
master the meanings and usages of some key words;
extract the key information on the development of numbers from the text；
understand the culture of numbers and experience cultural diversity.
Learning objectives 学习目标
At the end of the class, I’ll be able to:
count
system
symbol
represent
exactly
write down
instead of
/ka nt/ v. 计算（或清点）总数
/ s st m/ n. 系统
/ s mbl/ n. 符号；记号
/ repr zent/ v. 代表
/ ɡ z ktli/ adv. 准确地；确切地
写下；记下
代替；作为······的替换
New words and phrases
Warming up
How many kinds of number forms do you know And how did numbers develop
Numbers are everywhere today. How did people in ancient times record numbers
Lead-in
Section 4 Extending and developing competencies
Pre-reading
What do you think the passage will talk about Which ancient country’s number system may be mentioned
Look at the title and the picture
While-reading
Read the article after the recording.
不同文化背景的人使用不同的数字。下面是数字1到5的三种写法。
中国数字：一、二、三、四、五
罗马数字：I、II、III、IV、V
阿拉伯数字:1、2、3、4、5
Skimming
What’s the main idea of the passage
A. How people count animals in ancient times.
B. The development history of number systems.
C. The difference between Roman numerals and Arabic numerals.
D. Why tally sticks are not used today.

Scanning
Read and match.
Time/Region Number System
Ancient times
Ancient India
Ancient Rome
tally sticks, draw one stick for each thing
abstract symbols, no real-life shapes
Roman numerals, use letters like “XII”
How did Indian numerals become Arabic numerals and spread Find the key information in the text.
Discussion
Compare Roman numerals and Arabic numerals. What are their advantages or disadvantages
XII
vs
12
Ancient Roman numerals were written in a complex way.
Arabic numerals are more simple.
Post-reading
In modern life, do we still need traditional number systems like Roman numerals Why or why not
While Roman numerals have cultural, historical, and aesthetic value that justifies their preservation in certain contexts, they are not necessary for the practical, day-to-day functioning of modern society. However, they still hold importance in preserving our cultural heritage and providing educational and aesthetic diversity.
Practice
In ancient times, people developed a counting system called (1)__________. Later, people replaced this system with abstract (2)________. These were more convenient because they were quicker to write. The numbers we use today are called (3)_____________. They were invented in (4)_____. Thanks to the (5)______, this system spread to other parts of the world. Sometimes we also see numbers written with (6)________________________ on clock faces and buildings. These are called Roman numerals.
tally sticks
symbols
Arabic numerals
India
Arabs
letters from Roman alphabet
Complete the summary below with the information from the article on page 30.
Complete the sentences with the words below. Change the form if necessary.
(1) The Roman symbol IV _________ the number 4 in Arabic numerals.
(2) This palace was a(n) _________ of the king’s wealth and power.
(3) The Roman alphabet is not the only writing _________ in the world—there are many others.
(4) We don’t know _________ how many animal species there are on Earth.
represents
symbol
system
exactly
What influences did the development of counting methods have on peoples daily lives
短语收藏夹
在古代
发展不同的计数方法
代表
花很长时间去做……
代替；而不是
几个世纪以来
幸亏……；多亏……
传播到…
被称为……
阿拉伯数字
曾经是……
最常见的做法
不如……
in ancient times
develop different counting methods
stand for
take a long time to do ...
instead of
over the centuries
thanks to ...
spread to ...
be known as ...
Arabic numerals
used to be ...
the most common way of doing ...
not as ... as ...
1. Each “stick” (or pebble, or other counting tool) stands for a thing we want to count ...
① stand for 代表 ② count 计算 拓展：count up 共计
Language points
完成句子：
在中国，它们代表着幸福和好运。
They ______ ______ happiness and good luck in China.
比利还不会数数。
Billy can’t ________ yet.
stand for
count
2. Nowadays, they are known as Arabic numerals.
be known as 被称为……
拓展： be known for; be famous for; be famous for
be known as
含义：意为 “被称为；作为…… 而出名”，侧重表示某人或某物以某种身份、角色或称号而被大家所熟知。
例句：Mo Yan is known as a great writer.（莫言作为一位伟大的作家而闻名。强调他是以作家这个身份被大家熟知 ）
用法说明：后接表示身份、职业、称号等的名词，表明主语被人们认可的特定身份。
be known for
含义：意思是“因……而闻名”，突出某人或某物因为具有某种特点、特长、成就或事物本身所具备的某种性质等而被人们知晓。
例句：France is known for its fine wines and delicious cuisine.（法国因其优质的葡萄酒和美味的菜肴而闻名。强调法国闻名是因为葡萄酒和菜肴这些特点）
用法说明：后接表示特点、特长、成就等的名词或动名词，说明使主语出名的原因。
be famous for
含义：与“be known for”意思相近，也是“因……而著名”，同样强调因为某方面的特点、优势、成就等让某人或某物广为人知。
例句：The city is famous for its beautiful beaches.（这座城市因其美丽的海滩而闻名。突出城市闻名是因为海滩这一特点 ）
用法说明：后面通常接名词、动名词等，阐述使主语出名的具体事物或方面。
be famous as
含义：意为“作为……而著名”，主要强调某人或某物以特定的身份、职业、角色等在某个领域或范围内出名。与“be known as”用法较为相似，但“be famous as”所表达的“著名”程度通常更高，更强调广为人知的程度。
例句：Lang Lang is famous as a pianist.（郎朗作为一名钢琴家而闻名。强调郎朗以钢琴家的身份被众人熟知，且名气较大 ）
用法说明：后接表示身份、职业、称号等的名词，表明主语在某个领域以特定身份而享有盛誉。
完成句子：
爱迪生被称为伟大的发明家。
Edison ________________________ a great inventor.
这个小镇因古老的城堡而闻名。
This town ______________________ its ancient castles.
is known as/is famous as
is known for/is famous for
Translate
①她喝了水，而不是果汁。
②他看书，而不是看电视。
3. Instead of using tally sticks, people began using ...
Instead of 代替；而不是 = rather than
She drank water instead of juice.
She drank water rather than juice.
He reads books instead of watching TV.
He reads books rather than watching TV.
基础作业：
背诵文本中描述计数法演变的关键句子，巩固语言知识；
拓展作业：
查阅资料，找一个“数字文化趣事”，用英语写100词左右短文，下节课分享。

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