资源简介

Period 2　Learning About Language
阅读以下短文，感知每句话，完成下面的练习
My classmate is named Li Meng，①who is an easy going boy.He was born into a wealthy family，②whose parents are doctors.Li Meng studies hard and he is good at all the subjects，③the best of which is maths.Last week he won first prize in the Maths Competition，④which made his parents full of pride.However，there was a time ⑤when he disliked learning maths.It was our maths teacher，⑥who had a long talk with him，that informed him of the reason ⑦why we should learn maths well.
1．①的先行词是Li Meng，指人，并在从句中作主语，故用who引导非限制性定语从句。
2．②的先行词是He，指人，先行词与parents为所属关系，故用whose引导非限制性定语从句。
3．③的先行词是subjects，指物，此处是“介词＋关系代词which”引导的非限制性定语从句。
4．④的先行词是前面一句话，故用which引导非限制性定语从句，意为“这一点，这件事”。
5．⑤的先行词是a time，指时间，并在从句中作状语，故用when引导限制性定语从句。
6．⑥的先行词是teacher，指人，并在从句中作主语，故用who引导非限制性定语从句。
7．⑦的先行词是the reason，指原因，并在从句中作状语，故用why引导限制性定语从句。
8．非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号隔开，而限制性定语从句与主句之间没有逗号隔开。
非限制性定语从句是对意义已经非常明确的先行词给予补充说明，与先行词之间有逗号隔开，删去非限制性定语从句，主句仍然意思清楚、结构完整。引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有：关系代词who，whom，whose，which，as；关系副词when，where。关系代词that、关系副词why不引导非限制性定语从句。
一、引导非限制性定语从句的关系词
关系词 指代的先行词 充当的句子成分
关系代词 who 人 主语/宾语
whom 人 宾语
whose 人/物 定语
which 物/整个主句 主语/宾语
as 人/物/整个主句 主语/宾语
关系副词 when 时间名词 时间状语
where 通常是地点名词 地点状语
This is our headmaster，who I think has something crucial to tell you.(who在从句中作主语)
这是我们的校长，我认为他有非常重要的事情要告诉你。
Peter，whom you met in Beijing，is now back in his motherland.(whom在从句中作宾语)
彼得现在回他的祖国了，你在北京见过他。
Mr White，whose son went to Tsinghua University last year，retired yesterday.(whose在从句中作定语)怀特先生昨天退休了，他儿子去年上了清华大学。
He lived in a small town，which was surrounded with mountains.(which在从句中作主语)
他住在一个小镇上，小镇被群山环绕。
I borrowed the book The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，which my classmates recommended to me.(which在从句中作宾语)
上周我从图书馆借了《福尔摩斯探案集》这本书，该书是我的同班同学向我推荐的。
He fled his hometown in 1992，when he was only 12 years old.(when在从句中作时间状语)
他于1992年逃离家乡，当时他只有12岁。
Chaplin lived the last years of his life in Switzerland，where he was buried in 1977.(where在从句中作地点状语)
卓别林在瑞士度过了他的晚年，1977年他被安葬在那里。
[点津]
(1)整个主句作先行词时，非限制性定语从句的谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
Jack studies hard and is ready to help others，which enables him to be popular with his classmates.杰克学习努力且乐于助人，这使他很受同学们的欢迎。
(2)与限制性定语从句一样，非限制性定语从句中的whose指物时，相当于“the＋名词＋of which”；when，where 相当于“介词＋which”。
The house，whose window(＝the window of which) is open，is his.
窗户开着的那个房子是他的。
I still remember the biggest day in my life，when(＝on which) I was admitted to Peking University.
我仍然记得生命中最重要的那一天，那天我被北京大学录取了。
On June 2，they flew to Hainan，where(＝in which) they stayed for ten days.
他们于六月二号乘飞机去海南，在那里住了十天。
(3)在非限制性定语从句中，of whom，of which 前面可以加some/many/both/all等，表示部分或全部的人或物。
Many people，some of whom are not overweight，are going on a diet to look slimmer.
为了看起来更苗条，许多人在节食，其中一些人并不超重。
I have bought two pencils，both of which are blue.
我买了两只铅笔，这两者都是蓝色的。
[即时训练1]　单句语法填空
①Our foreign teacher，who speaks Spanish，teaches us in a very attractive way.
②Jack，whose father is one of my former classmates in high school，came to see me from London.
③Molai built a bamboo platform at the top of each small tree，where he placed earthen pots with small holes to collect rainwater.
④Our graduation ceremony will be held in July，in which we will say goodbye to our teachers and classmates.
⑤I can speak English correctly and fluently，which makes it easy for me to communicate with foreigners.
二、as和which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别
as which
搭配 常用于某些习惯用语中；谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动的动词 无动词的限制
位置 所引导的定语从句可位于主句之前、之中或之后 所引导的定语从句只能位于主句之后
意义 正如，正像 这/那一点，这/那件事
As we all know，he studies very hard.
我们都知道他学习很用功。
The student，as was expected，achieved great success.正如所期盼的，这位学生取得巨大成功。
He is late for class again，as is often the case.
他上课又迟到了，这是常有的事。
I want to buy the house，which has a garden.(which指代the house)
我想买这座房子，它带有一个花园。
He was late for the meeting，which made the chairman very angry.(which指代整个主句的内容)
他开会迟到了，这使得主席非常生气。
[点津]
as引导非限制性定语从句时常用于以下结构：
as we all know/as is known to (us) all众所周知
as is often the case情况常常如此
as is hoped正如所希望的那样
as was expected/as we had expected正如所预料的那样
as has been stated/said above如上所述
as is mentioned正如所提及的
as often happens正如经常发生的那样
as we all can see正如我们都能看到的那样
as I can remember正如我所记得的
as scheduled正如所安排的
[即时训练2]　单句语法填空
①The weather turned out to be very warm，which/as was more than we could expect.
②As is often the case，we will feel nervous before important examinations.
③The boy failed to pass his exam，which made his mother boil with anger.
④His speech，which he had written on little bits of paper，seemed endless.
三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
关系词和先行词之间不用逗号分开 关系词和先行词之间用逗号分开
先行词只能是名词/代词 先行词是名词/代词/句子
可用that，why引导；关系代词作宾语时可省略 不用that，why引导(可用for which代替why)；关系代词作宾语时不可省略
I have two foreign teachers，both of whom are from America.
我有两个外教，他们都来自美国。
The foreign teacher who/that comes from America teaches us literature.
从美国来的那位外教教我们文学。
This is the man，whom we talked about just now.
这就是那个人，我们刚才谈论过的。
This is the man (that/who/whom) we are talking about.这就是我们正谈论的那个人。
When you reach the village，you will first find a house whose windows are made of wood.
当你到达那个村庄时，你首先会发现一所有着木窗的房子。
They enjoyed the beautiful scenery in the mountain area，where they also did some climbing.
他们在这个山区欣赏到了美景，在那里他们也做了一些爬山运动。
[即时训练3]　单句语法填空
①The man that/who/whom I met in the street was my former English teacher at senior high school.
②Last night I saw a very good film，which is about the great thinker，Confucius.
③She and her family bicycle to work，which helps them keep fit.
④The reason，for which he was absent from the meeting，wasn’t given.
⑤His wife，whom/who you met at my house，was bored too.
Ⅰ.用适当的关系词完成下面的短文
When Li Hua was young，he worked on an old farm,1.where there were few young people.He felt very lonely.He often walked near the village in his free time，hoping to talk to some villagers.One day，he came across an old man，2.who used to be a brave soldier when he was young.Li Hua found the old man so interesting that he made friends with him.Once，the old man told him his experiences in the battles，most of 3.which were very interesting.Li Hua was moved by the old man’s story and he decided to write a novel.As a result，the novel attracted so many people，among 4.whom was a young woman.The woman,5.whose husband was a famous director，was touched by that novel and recommended it to her husband.6.As we all know，a clever director won’t give up an interesting story.One year later，the film,7.which was adapted from that novel，became a big hit.
Ⅱ.完成下列读后续写片段，尽可能多地使用本单元语法
看到凶猛的鳄鱼，我们发出惊恐的尖叫。同时，离我们不远的两名猎人听到了我们的尖叫声。他们冲到我们所在的地方。一看到还在我身后的水中漂浮的鳄鱼，其中一个人朝空中开了一枪。正如所期望的，鳄鱼被吓跑了。然后，我昏倒了，这让两名猎人急忙把我送到医院。
Seeing the fierce crocodile，we let out screams of fright.Meanwhile，our shouts were heard by two hunters 1.that/who were not far away from us.They dashed over to the place 2.where we were.Upon seeing the crocodile,3.which was still floating in the water behind me，one of them fired a shot in the air.4.As was/had been expected，the crocodile was frightened away.Then I was unconscious,5.which made the two hunters rush me to hospital.
作业2　Learning About Language
[分值：93.5分]
Ⅰ.句型转换(用定语从句改写)(共6小题；每小题3分，满分18分)
1．The novelist got hurt in the accident and it made his wife so worried.
The novelist got hurt in the accident，which made his wife so worried.
2．I have a friend and his father fled to the mountains when he was young.
I have a friend，whose father fled to the mountains when he was young.
3．It has been announced that we shall have our final exam next month.
As has been announced，we shall have our final exam next month.
4．We walked down the village street and people were having a market day there.
We walked down the village street，where people were having a market day.
5．The little boys were cleaning the windows and most of them were dirty.
The little boys were cleaning the windows，most of which were dirty.
6．My close friend is my deskmate.She always comes to my aid without hesitation.
My close friend is my deskmate，who always comes to my aid without hesitation.
Ⅱ.完成句子(共7小题；每小题4分，满分28分)
1．我们都知道，定期散步对我们的健康有很大的好处。
As we all know，walking regularly does a lot of good to our health.
2．她是第三次赢得比赛了，这让我们都很吃惊。
It is the third time that she has won the race，which has surprised us all.
3．金先生的双腿严重受伤，被迅速送往医院。
Mr King，whose legs were badly hurt，was quickly transported to hospital.
4．当下起倾盆大雨时，想踢足球的孩子们非常失望。
The children，who wanted to play football，were more than disappointed when it rained cats and dogs.
5．他是个有丰富经验的人，从他那里我们能获益很多。
He is a man of rich experience，from whom we can benefit a lot.
6．我们别无选择只能把远足延期到下周，那时我们就不会这么忙了。
We have no choice but to put off the outing until next week，when we won’t be so busy.
7．教授有两个儿子，他们都对科学研究感兴趣。
The professor has two sons，both of whom are interested in scientific research.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·浙江绍兴高二上期中)
Madame Curie will always be remembered as the discoverer of the element radium.
A certain scientist had discovered that a metal called uranium gave off a kind of radiation，which Marie Curie was later to call radioactivity.But where did this radiation come from，and what was it like This was what she set out to discover.She did experiment after experiment.All seemed to prove that in the mineral which she was examining there was some source of radiation which man knew nothing about.
At this time her husband left his own laboratory work，in which he had been very successful，and joined her in her research for this unknown radiation.In 1898 they declared that they believed there was something in nature which gave out radiation.To this something，still unseen，they gave the name radium.
There was an old building at the back of the university，where Pierre Curie had been working.Its walls and roof were made of wood and glass.There were some old tables，a blackboard，and an old stove.It was not much better than a shed，and no one else seemed to want it.The Curies moved in and set up their laboratory and workshops.Here for four difficult years they worked every moment that they could spare，weighing and boiling and measuring and calculating and thinking.They believed that radium was hidden somewhere in the mass of mineral dirt which was sent to them from far away.But where
Then，one evening in 1902，as husband and wife sat together in their home，Marie Curie said：“Let’s go down there for a moment.”It was nine o’clock and they had been “down there” only two hours before.But they put on their coats and were soon walking along the street to the shed.Pierre turned the key in the lock and opened the door.“Don’t light the lamps，” said Marie，and they stood there in the darkness.“Look！...Look！”
And there，glowing with a faint blue light in the glass test-tubes on the tables，was the mysterious something which they had worked so hard to find：Radium.
1．What words can be used to describe Madame Curie according to the passage
A．Rich and generous.
B．Energetic but stubborn.
C．Committed and patient.
D．Popular and confident.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She did experiment after experiment.”以及第四段中的“Here for four difficult years they worked every moment that they could spare，weighing and boiling and measuring and calculating and thinking.”可推知，居里夫人非常的尽心尽力和有耐心。故选C。
2．What contributed most to the discovery of the element radium
A．The advanced equipment in the laboratory.
B．The fund raised by the government for the experiment.
C．Madame Curie’s four years of hard work with her husband.
D．The challenges and doubts from other scientists.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Here for four difficult years they worked every moment that they could spare，weighing and boiling and measuring and calculating and thinking.They believed that radium was hidden somewhere in the mass of mineral dirt which was sent to them from far away.”可推知，居里夫人和她丈夫四年的辛勤工作对镭元素的发现贡献最大。故选C。
3．What’s the main idea of the text
A．How Madame Curie discovered the element radium.
B．How Madame Curie fell in love with Pierre Curie.
C．What contributions Madame Curie made to help her country.
D．What sacrifice Pierre made to help Madame Curie achieve success.
答案　A
解析　主旨大意题。根据第一段“Madame Curie will always be remembered as the discoverer of the element radium.”以及后文内容可知，文章主要讲述的是居里夫人是如何发现镭元素的。故选A。
4．Where is the passage probably taken from
A．A book review. B．A science report.
C．A history magazine. D．A biography.
答案　D
解析　文章出处题。根据第一段“Madame Curie will always be remembered as the discoverer of the element radium.”以及后文介绍可知，文章主要讲述的是居里夫人是如何发现镭元素的。由此推知，文章可能来自一本传记。故选D。
B (此篇精读)
(2024·广东高二上期末)
Growing up in a small village in southern Ghana，Osei Boateng watched many of his family members and neighbors struggle to access basic health care.In many regions of the country，it can take hours to get to the nearest hospital.Boateng said many people lost their lives due to preventable or treatable diseases.His grandmother and aunt were among them.
Feeling an urgent call to help，Boateng decided he would make it his life’s mission to bring health care to remote communities in Ghana where education and preventative health care were lacking.
Boateng wanted to find a way to remove these barriers to health care access and education.He started his nonprofit organization，OKB Hope Foundation.In 2021，he converted(转变) a van(面包车) into a mobile doctor’s office and started bringing health care directly to those in need.A few times a week，the mobile clinic and medical team travel long distances to remote communities and provide free routine medical care.
On each trip，Boateng’s team is made up of a nurse，a physician assistant，a doctor，and an operation assistant.In the van，they can run basic labs like bloodwork and urinalysis(尿液分析) as well as provide medicine.“It’s like a one-stop shop for people，” said Boateng，adding that most of the people they see have one health issue or another.Since its launch，the Hope Health Van has served more than 4,000 Ghanaians across more than 45 rural communities who otherwise don’t have easily accessible medical care，according to Boateng.
Boateng has gone all in on his OKB Hope Foundation，recently quitting his job to dedicate(奉献) his time to bringing health care to his home country.But for him，the sacrifices(牺牲) are well worth.“Words cannot describe the feeling that you provide care for someone who otherwise wouldn’t be alive if your mobile health van wasn’t there.” He has big plans for the future.He hopes to expand them to provide more consistent and high-quality medical care not only to those living in remote areas of Ghana but those in other countries.
语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了Osei Boateng通过由一辆面包车改装而成的移动诊所为人们提供医疗服务，并解释了他这么做背后的原因以及取得的一些成绩。
5．What is the purpose of mentioning the example in paragraph 1
A．To show the importance of life.
B．To describe how hard Boateng’s family lived.
C．To point out what’s wrong with the hospital.
D．To stress the seriousness of lacking health care.
答案　D
解析　写作意图题。根据第一段“...Osei Boateng watched many of his family members and neighbors struggle to access basic health care...it can take hours to get to the nearest hospital.Boateng said many people lost their lives due to preventable or treatable diseases.His grandmother and aunt were among them.”可推知，作者在本段举例的目的是强调缺乏医疗保健的严重性。故选D。
6．How does Boateng carry out his mission
A．He operates on patients in the van.
B．He rents a doctor’s office wherever he goes.
C．He provides medical care by charging some fees.
D．He offers people health care using mobile clinic.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 2021，he converted(转变) a van(面包车) into a mobile doctor’s office and started bringing health care directly to those in need.”可知，Boateng通过移动诊所为人们提供医疗服务来履行他的使命。故选D。
7．What do we know about the Hope Health Van
A．It really works.
B．It makes a profit.
C．It serves the whole Ghana.
D．It produces some good medicine.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Since its launch，the Hope Health Van has served more than 4,000 Ghanaians across more than 45 rural communities who otherwise don’t have easily accessible medical care，according to Boateng.”可知，“希望健康车”确实有效。故选A。
8．Which of the following can best describe Boateng
A．Dependable and creative.
B．Caring and ambitious.
C．Thoughtful and humorous.
D．Determined and demanding.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段以及最后一段中的“He hopes to expand them to provide more consistent and high-quality medical care not only to those living in remote areas of Ghana but those in other countries.”可推知，Boateng为有需要的人提供医疗服务，并且想要将来为其他国家的人们提供更持续和高质量的医疗服务，说明了他有爱心，有抱负。故选B。
[词汇积累] 1．preventable(派)＝prevent＋able adj.可预防的；可阻止的；可防止的 preventative(派)＝prevent＋ative adj.预防性的；防止的 2．barrier n．隔阂；障碍 3．nonprofit(派)＝non＋profit adj.非营利的；不以营利为目的的 4．one-stop(合)＝one＋stop adj.一站式的 5．accessible(派)＝access＋ible adj.可到达的；可进入的；可得到的；可使用的 [句式分析] 1．Feeling an urgent call to help，Boateng decided he would make it his life’s mission to bring health care to remote communities in Ghana where education and preventative health care were lacking. 分析：此句为复合句。Feeling an urgent call to help为现在分词短语作状语；decided后为省略了that的宾语从句，在该从句中，make it his life’s mission 为make的复合结构，it作形式宾语，后面不定式是真正的宾语；where引导定语从句，修饰Ghana。 翻译：Boateng感到迫切需要改善状况，他决定把医疗保健带到加纳缺乏教育和预防性医疗保健的偏远社区，并把此行动作为自己一生的使命。 2．Words cannot describe the feeling that you provide care for someone who otherwise wouldn’t be alive if your mobile health van wasn’t there. 分析：此句为复合句。that引导同位语从句，who引导定语从句，if引导条件状语从句。 翻译：语言无法描述这种感觉，即你为那些如果没有你的移动医疗车就不会活着的人提供医疗服务的感觉。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Hard work has been part of every laureate’s(获奖者的) journey towards the Nobel Prize.There are many examples.Francoise Barré-Sinoussi spent time in the lab on the morning of her wedding.After Michael Brown’s first daughter was born，he went straight back to discuss the next day’s experiments.Early-career scientists often ask laureates about work-life balance. 1
Spend time with your family and friends.Many laureates stress the value of maintaining personal relationships.Doctor Brian Kobilka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. 2 However，despite a heavy workload，he also made time for his family.As Brian Kobilka explains，family provides essential support.
Sleep well at night. 3 It is therefore tempting to finish work before health-promoting activities.However，this is a trap which Oliver Smithies advises against.Not only is sleep needed to stay healthy，but your brain needs sleep to function at full capacity，so you can generate ideas and solve problems.
4 Family，work and sleep are all important to a scientist’s success.But they don’t all have to be a constant focus.Sometimes it will be important to avoid maintaining everything at a high level.Don’t be daunted by the idea you have to do everything perfectly at once—you can have a different focus at different times.
Don’t work too hard.Ultimately，working too hard won’t be beneficial.Not only do you risk burning yourself out，but you are also limited in your thinking.Taking time away from work can allow you to approach problems in a new way. 5 Laureates often point out that working long hours doesn’t always lead to efficiency.
A．Their answers can be inspiring.
B．My solutions may be of some help.
C．Focus on different aspects of your life.
D．Never hesitate to bravely rise to challenge.
E．Sleep，exercise and eating well can all conflict with working long hours.
F．He would work part-time in an emergency room as well as working in the lab.
G．Going for a walk，for example，gives you the chance to take a step back and see things differently.
语篇解读　本篇是一篇说明文。文章通过讲述诺贝尔奖得主的一些平衡工作和生活的方法，说明了在努力工作的同时保持健康和人际关系的重要性。
1．答案　A
解析　根据上文“Hard work has been part of every laureate’s(获奖者的) journey towards the Nobel Prize.”和“Early-career scientists often ask laureates about work-life balance.”可知，获得诺贝尔奖是需要努力工作的，但是工作和生活不容易取得平衡，结合下文每段的首句可知，下文讲述了诺贝尔获奖者维持生活和工作平衡的策略，因此推断A项“他们的回答很有启发性”符合语境，其中的answers对应前文的ask，“Their”对应前文的laureates。故选A。
2．答案　F
解析　根据空前一句“Doctor Brian Kobilka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.”和下文“However，despite a heavy workload，he also made time for his family.”可知，空格处应该描述布赖恩·科比尔卡博士的繁重的工作内容，因此推断F项“除了在实验室工作外，他还会在急诊室兼职”符合语境，其中的“He”指代Doctor Brian Kobilka。故选F。
3．答案　E
解析　根据段落首句“Sleep well at night.”可知，本段建议晚上好好休息，睡个好觉，下文“However，this is a trap which Oliver Smithies advises against.Not only is sleep needed to stay healthy，but your brain needs sleep to function at full capacity，so you can generate ideas and solve problems.”提到睡眠与工作并不冲突，However表示前后文是转折关系，因此推断E项“睡眠、锻炼和饮食都可能与长时间工作相冲突”符合语境。故选E。
4．答案　C
解析　空处为段落中心句。根据下文“Family，work and sleep are all important to a scientist’s success.But they don’t all have to be a constant focus...you can have a different focus at different times.”可知，家庭、工作和睡眠都重要，但不需要一直关注所有的内容，也不必立刻把每件事都做得完美，可以在不同的时间有不同的关注点，因此推断C项“关注生活的不同方面”可概括本段主旨，符合语境。故选C。
5．答案　G
解析　上文“Taking time away from work can allow you to approach problems in a new way.”说明可以从工作中抽出一些时间放松，下文“Laureates often point out that working long hours doesn’t always lead to efficiency.”说明诺贝尔奖得主的观点，即长时间工作并不总是获得高效率，由此可知空格处应该是建议休息，因此推断G项“例如，去散步，给你一个退一步以不同方式看事物的机会”符合语境。故选G。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·浙江台州山海协作体高二上期中)
Five-day work weeks are commonly accepted and practiced.But trials of a four-day week in Iceland were considered 1. (remarkable) successful.They led 2. many workers moving to shorter hours and workers around the world are following the trend.Why has this practice gained 3. (popular) and is it possible to apply it cross-culturally
The trials,4. involved more than 2,500 workers，took place several years ago.It 5. (report) that productivity remained the same or improved in the majority of workplaces.Meanwhile，they found their working conditions were 6. (little) stressful and they were no longer at risk of burnout，and their health and work life balance also improved.
Therefore，the world’s largest ever trial of a shorter working week was 7. complete success,8. (show) that the public’s service is ripe for being a pioneer of shorter working weeks and lessons can be learned by other governments.
A number of other trials 9. (run) across the world now.For instance，a company in New Zealand is giving staff a chance to cut their hours by 20% without hurting their pay in a trial.People feel actually more 10. (attach) to the job as they get rewarded by having more time.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一周四天工作制这一新兴形式很受欢迎，同时也大大提高了生产效率。
1．答案　remarkably
解析　考查副词。此处修饰形容词successful需使用副词，作状语。故填remarkably。
2．答案　to
解析　考查介词。根据句意可知，此处为固定搭配lead to，意为“导致，引起”，to是介词，故填to。
3．答案　popularity
解析　考查名词。根据空前gained可知，此处为gained的宾语，需使用名词，popularity为不可数名词。故填popularity。
4．答案　which
解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the trials，指物，在从句中作主语，因此需使用关系代词which，故填which。
5．答案　was reported
解析　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，空前It为形式主语，与动词report之间是被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语It为第三人称单数，be动词用was。It was reported that意为“据报道”。故填was reported。
6．答案　less
解析　考查副词比较级。根据stressful及句意可知，此处表示“压力更小”，所以副词little应用其比较级，意为“更少地”。故填less。
7．答案　a
解析　考查冠词。根据后文的success及句意可知，此处表示“一个完全成功的案例”，success在此处是可数名词，因此需使用不定冠词，且complete的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
8．答案　showing
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处用非谓语动词，show与其逻辑主语(前面的句子)构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填showing。
9．答案　are being run
解析　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据now可知，用现在进行时，主语trials和动词run之间是被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语为名词复数，be动词用are。故填are being run。
10．答案　attached
解析　考查形容词。此处应用形容词attached作表语，意为“热爱，钟爱”。故填attached。(共81张PPT)
Period 2
Learning About Language
People of achievement
Unit 1
内容索引
情境导读
语法精讲
作业2
达标检测
情境导读
阅读以下短文，感知每句话，完成下面的练习
My classmate is named Li Meng，①who is an easy going boy.He was born into a wealthy family，②whose parents are doctors.Li Meng studies hard and he is good at all the subjects，③the best of which is maths.Last week he won first prize in the Maths Competition，④which made his parents full of pride.However，there was a time ⑤when he disliked learning maths.It was our maths teacher，⑥who had a long talk with him，that informed him of the reason ⑦why we should learn maths well.
1.①的先行词是_________，指___，并在从句中作______，故用who引导_________定语从句。
2.②的先行词是____，指___，先行词与parents为_____关系，故用whose引导_________定语从句。
3.③的先行词是_________，指____，此处是“介词＋关系代词which”引导的_________定语从句。
4.④的先行词是__________，故用which引导_________定语从句，意为“_______________”。
5.⑤的先行词是_______，指_____，并在从句中作_____，故用when引导_______定语从句。
Li Meng
人
He
非限制性
主语
人
所属
非限制性
subjects
物
非限制性
前面一句话
非限制性
这一点，这件事
a time
时间
状语
限制性
6.⑥的先行词是_______，指___，并在从句中作______，故用who引导_________定语从句。
7.⑦的先行词是__________，指_____，并在从句中作_____，故用why引导_______定语从句。
8.非限制性定语从句与主句之间___逗号隔开，而限制性定语从句与主句之间______逗号隔开。
teacher
人
返 回
主语
非限制性
the reason
原因
状语
限制性
有
没有
语法精讲
非限制性定语从句是对意义已经非常明确的先行词给予补充说明，与先行词之间有逗号隔开，删去非限制性定语从句，主句仍然意思清楚、结构完整。引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有：关系代词who，whom，whose，which，as；关系副词when，where。关系代词that、关系副词why不引导非限制性定语从句。
一、引导非限制性定语从句的关系词
关系词 指代的先行词 充当的句子成分
关系代词 who 人 主语/宾语
whom 人 宾语
whose 人/物 定语
which 物/整个主句 主语/宾语
as 人/物/整个主句 主语/宾语
关系副词 when 时间名词 时间状语
where 通常是地点名词 地点状语
This is our headmaster，who I think has something crucial to tell you.(who在从句中作主语)
这是我们的校长，我认为他有非常重要的事情要告诉你。
Peter，whom you met in Beijing，is now back in his motherland.(whom在从句中作宾语)
彼得现在回他的祖国了，你在北京见过他。
Mr White，whose son went to Tsinghua University last year，retired yesterday.(whose在从句中作定语)怀特先生昨天退休了，他儿子去年上了清华大学。
He lived in a small town，which was surrounded with mountains.(which在从句中作主语)
他住在一个小镇上，小镇被群山环绕。
I borrowed the book The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes from the library last week，which my classmates recommended to me.(which在从句中作宾语)
上周我从图书馆借了《福尔摩斯探案集》这本书，该书是我的同班同学向我推荐的。
He fled his hometown in 1992，when he was only 12 years old.(when在从句中作时间状语)
他于1992年逃离家乡，当时他只有12岁。
Chaplin lived the last years of his life in Switzerland，where he was buried in 1977.(where在从句中作地点状语)
卓别林在瑞士度过了他的晚年，1977年他被安葬在那里。
[点津]
(1)整个主句作先行词时，非限制性定语从句的谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
Jack studies hard and is ready to help others，which enables him to be popular with his classmates.杰克学习努力且乐于助人，这使他很受同学们的欢迎。
(2)与限制性定语从句一样，非限制性定语从句中的whose指物时，相当于“the＋名词＋of which”；when，where 相当于“介词＋which”。
The house，whose window(＝the window of which) is open，is his.
窗户开着的那个房子是他的。
I still remember the biggest day in my life，when(＝on which) I was admitted to Peking University.
我仍然记得生命中最重要的那一天，那天我被北京大学录取了。
On June 2，they flew to Hainan，where(＝in which) they stayed for ten days.
他们于六月二号乘飞机去海南，在那里住了十天。
(3)在非限制性定语从句中，of whom，of which 前面可以加some/many/both/all等，表示部分或全部的人或物。
Many people，some of whom are not overweight，are going on a diet to look slimmer.
为了看起来更苗条，许多人在节食，其中一些人并不超重。
I have bought two pencils，both of which are blue.
我买了两只铅笔，这两者都是蓝色的。
[即时训练1]　单句语法填空
①Our foreign teacher，_____ speaks Spanish，teaches us in a very attractive way.
②Jack，______ father is one of my former classmates in high school，came to see me from London.
③Molai built a bamboo platform at the top of each small tree，______ he placed earthen pots with small holes to collect rainwater.
④Our graduation ceremony will be held in July，in ______ we will say goodbye to our teachers and classmates.
who
whose
where
which
⑤I can speak English correctly and fluently，_______ makes it easy for me to communicate with foreigners.
which
二、as和which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别
as which
搭配 常用于某些习惯用语中；谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动的动词 无动词的限制
位置 所引导的定语从句可位于主句之前、之中或之后 所引导的定语从句只能位于主句之后
意义 正如，正像 这/那一点，这/那件事
As we all know，he studies very hard.
我们都知道他学习很用功。
The student，as was expected，achieved great success.正如所期盼的，这位学生取得巨大成功。
He is late for class again，as is often the case.
他上课又迟到了，这是常有的事。
I want to buy the house，which has a garden.(which指代the house)
我想买这座房子，它带有一个花园。
He was late for the meeting，which made the chairman very angry.
(which指代整个主句的内容)
他开会迟到了，这使得主席非常生气。
[点津]
as引导非限制性定语从句时常用于以下结构：
as we all know/as is known to (us) all众所周知
as is often the case情况常常如此
as is hoped正如所希望的那样
as was expected/as we had expected正如所预料的那样
as has been stated/said above如上所述
as is mentioned正如所提及的
as often happens正如经常发生的那样
as we all can see正如我们都能看到的那样
as I can remember正如我所记得的
as scheduled正如所安排的
[即时训练2]　单句语法填空
①The weather turned out to be very warm，__________ was more than we could expect.
②_____ is often the case，we will feel nervous before important examinations.
③The boy failed to pass his exam，_______ made his mother boil with anger.
④His speech，_______ he had written on little bits of paper，seemed endless.
which/as
As
which
which
三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
关系词和先行词之间不用逗号分开 关系词和先行词之间用逗号分开
先行词只能是名词/代词 先行词是名词/代词/句子
可用that，why引导；关系代词作宾语时可省略 不用that，why引导(可用for which代替why)；关系代词作宾语时不可省略
I have two foreign teachers，both of whom are from America.
我有两个外教，他们都来自美国。
The foreign teacher who/that comes from America teaches us literature.
从美国来的那位外教教我们文学。
This is the man，whom we talked about just now.
这就是那个人，我们刚才谈论过的。
This is the man (that/who/whom) we are talking about.这就是我们正谈论的那个人。
When you reach the village，you will first find a house whose windows are made of wood.
当你到达那个村庄时，你首先会发现一所有着木窗的房子。
They enjoyed the beautiful scenery in the mountain area，where they also did some climbing.
他们在这个山区欣赏到了美景，在那里他们也做了一些爬山运动。
[即时训练3]　单句语法填空
①The man _______________ I met in the street was my former English teacher at senior high school.
②Last night I saw a very good film，______ is about the great thinker，Confucius.
③She and her family bicycle to work，______ helps them keep fit.
④The reason，___ which he was absent from the meeting，wasn’t given.
⑤His wife，___________ you met at my house，was bored too.
that/who/whom
which
which
for
whom/who
返 回
达标检测
When Li Hua was young，he worked on an old farm,1._______ there were few young people.He felt very lonely.He often walked near the village in his free time，hoping to talk to some villagers.One day，he came across an old man，2._____ used to be a brave soldier when he was young.Li Hua found the old man so interesting that he made friends with him.Once，the old man told him his experiences in the battles，most of 3.______ were very interesting.Li Hua was moved by the old man’s story and he decided to write a novel.As a result，the novel attracted so many people，
where
Ⅰ. 用适当的关系词完成下面的短文
who
which
among 4.______ was a young woman.The woman,5._______ husband was a famous director，was touched by that novel and recommended it to her husband.6.____ we all know，a clever director won’t give up an interesting story.One year later，the film,7._______ was adapted from that novel，became a big hit.
whom
whose
As
which
看到凶猛的鳄鱼，我们发出惊恐的尖叫。同时，离我们不远的两名猎人听到了我们的尖叫声。他们冲到我们所在的地方。一看到还在我身后的水中漂浮的鳄鱼，其中一个人朝空中开了一枪。
Ⅱ.完成下列读后续写片段，尽可能多地使用本单元语法
Seeing the fierce crocodile，we let out screams of fright.Meanwhile，our shouts were heard by two hunters 1.____________________________
________.They dashed over to the place 2._______________.Upon seeing the crocodile,3.__________________________________________ ，one of them fired a shot in the air.
that/who were not far away
from us
where we were
which was still floating in the water behind me
正如所期望的，鳄鱼被吓跑了。然后，我昏倒了，这让两名猎人急忙把我送到医院。
4.________________________，the crocodile was frightened away.Then I was unconscious,5.___________________________________________.
As was/had been expected
which made the two hunters rush me to hospital
返 回
作业2
1.The novelist got hurt in the accident and it made his wife so worried.
The novelist got hurt in the accident，____________________________.
2.I have a friend and his father fled to the mountains when he was young.
I have a friend，________________________________________________.
3.It has been announced that we shall have our final exam next month.
______________________，we shall have our final exam next month.
which made his wife so worried
Ⅰ.句型转换
whose father fled to the mountains when he was young
As has been announced
4.We walked down the village street and people were having a market day there.
We walked down the village street，__________________________________.
5.The little boys were cleaning the windows and most of them were dirty.
The little boys were cleaning the windows，______________________.
6.My close friend is my deskmate.She always comes to my aid without hesitation.
My close friend is my deskmate，__________________________________
__________.
where people were having a market day
most of which were dirty
who always comes to my aid without
hesitation
1.我们都知道，定期散步对我们的健康有很大的好处。
_______________，walking regularly does a lot of good to our health.
2.她是第三次赢得比赛了，这让我们都很吃惊。
It is the third time that she has won the race，_______________________.
3.金先生的双腿严重受伤，被迅速送往医院。
Mr King，__________________________，was quickly transported to hospital.
Ⅱ.完成句子
As we all know
which has surprised us all
whose legs were badly hurt
4.当下起倾盆大雨时，想踢足球的孩子们非常失望。
The children，___________________________，were more than disappointed when it rained cats and dogs.
5.他是个有丰富经验的人，从他那里我们能获益很多。
He is a man of rich experience，_____________________________.
6.我们别无选择只能把远足延期到下周，那时我们就不会这么忙了。
We have no choice but to put off the outing until next week，__________
________________.
who wanted to play football
from whom we can benefit a lot
when we
won’t be so busy
7.教授有两个儿子，他们都对科学研究感兴趣。
The professor has two sons，______________________________ scientific research.
both of whom are interested in
A
(2025·浙江绍兴高二上期中)
Madame Curie will always be remembered as the discoverer of the element radium.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是居里夫人是如何发现镭元素的。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
A certain scientist had discovered that a metal called uranium gave off a kind of radiation，which Marie Curie was later to call radioactivity.But where did this radiation come from，and what was it like This was what she set out to discover.She did experiment after experiment.All seemed to prove that in the mineral which she was examining there was some source of radiation which man knew nothing about.
At this time her husband left his own laboratory work，in which he had been very successful，and joined her in her research for this unknown radiation.In 1898 they declared that they believed there was something in nature which gave out radiation.To this something，still unseen，they gave the name radium.
There was an old building at the back of the university，where Pierre Curie had been working.Its walls and roof were made of wood and glass.There were some old tables，a blackboard，and an old stove.It was not much better than a shed，and no one else seemed to want it.The Curies moved in and set up their laboratory and workshops.Here for four difficult years they worked every moment that they could spare，weighing and boiling and measuring and calculating and thinking.They believed that radium was hidden somewhere in the mass of mineral dirt which was sent to them from far away.But where
Then，one evening in 1902，as husband and wife sat together in their home，Marie Curie said：“Let’s go down there for a moment.”It was nine o’clock and they had been “down there” only two hours before.But they put on their coats and were soon walking along the street to the shed.Pierre turned the key in the lock and opened the door.“Don’t light the lamps，” said Marie，and they stood there in the darkness.“Look！...Look！”
And there，glowing with a faint blue light in the glass test-tubes on the tables，was the mysterious something which they had worked so hard to find：Radium.
1.What words can be used to describe Madame Curie according to the passage
A.Rich and generous.
B.Energetic but stubborn.
C.Committed and patient.
D.Popular and confident.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She did experiment after experiment.”以及第四段中的“Here for four difficult years they worked every moment that they could spare，weighing and boiling and measuring and calculating and thinking.”可推知，居里夫人非常的尽心尽力和有耐心。故选C。
解析
2.What contributed most to the discovery of the element radium
A.The advanced equipment in the laboratory.
B.The fund raised by the government for the experiment.
C.Madame Curie’s four years of hard work with her husband.
D.The challenges and doubts from other scientists.
√
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Here for four difficult years they worked every moment that they could spare，weighing and boiling and measuring and calculating and thinking.They believed that radium was hidden somewhere in the mass of mineral dirt which was sent to them from far away.”可推知，居里夫人和她丈夫四年的辛勤工作对镭元素的发现贡献最大。故选C。
解析
3.What’s the main idea of the text
A.How Madame Curie discovered the element radium.
B.How Madame Curie fell in love with Pierre Curie.
C.What contributions Madame Curie made to help her country.
D.What sacrifice Pierre made to help Madame Curie achieve success.
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Madame Curie will always be remembered as the discoverer of the element radium.”以及后文内容可知，文章主要讲述的是居里夫人是如何发现镭元素的。故选A。
解析
√
4.Where is the passage probably taken from
A.A book review. B.A science report.
C.A history magazine. D.A biography.
文章出处题。根据第一段“Madame Curie will always be remembered as the discoverer of the element radium.”以及后文介绍可知，文章主要讲述的是居里夫人是如何发现镭元素的。由此推知，文章可能来自一本传记。故选D。
解析
√
B (此篇精读)
(2024·广东高二上期末)
Growing up in a small village in southern Ghana，Osei Boateng watched many of his family members and neighbors struggle to access basic health care.In many regions of the country，it can take hours to get to the nearest hospital.Boateng said many people lost their lives due to preventable or treatable diseases.His grandmother and aunt were among them.
语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了Osei Boateng通过由一辆面包车改装而成的移动诊所为人们提供医疗服务，并解释了他这么做背后的原因以及取得的一些成绩。
Feeling an urgent call to help，Boateng decided he would make it his life’s mission to bring health care to remote communities in Ghana where education and preventative health care were lacking.
Boateng wanted to find a way to remove these barriers to health care access and education.He started his nonprofit organization，OKB Hope Foundation.In 2021，he converted(转变) a van(面包车) into a mobile doctor’s office and started bringing health care directly to those in need.A few times a week，the mobile clinic and medical team travel long distances to remote communities and provide free routine medical care.
On each trip，Boateng’s team is made up of a nurse，a physician assistant，a doctor，and an operation assistant.In the van，they can run basic labs like bloodwork and urinalysis(尿液分析) as well as provide medicine.“It’s like a one-stop shop for people，” said Boateng，adding that most of the people they see have one health issue or another.Since its launch，the Hope Health Van has served more than 4,000 Ghanaians across more than 45 rural communities who otherwise don’t have easily accessible medical care，according to Boateng.
Boateng has gone all in on his OKB Hope Foundation，recently quitting his job to dedicate(奉献) his time to bringing health care to his home country.But for him，the sacrifices(牺牲) are well worth.“Words cannot describe the feeling that you provide care for someone who otherwise wouldn’t be alive if your mobile health van wasn’t there.” He has big plans for the future.He hopes to expand them to provide more consistent and high-quality medical care not only to those living in remote areas of Ghana but those in other countries.
5.What is the purpose of mentioning the example in paragraph 1
A.To show the importance of life.
B.To describe how hard Boateng’s family lived.
C.To point out what’s wrong with the hospital.
D.To stress the seriousness of lacking health care.
√
写作意图题。根据第一段“...Osei Boateng watched many of his family members and neighbors struggle to access basic health care...it can take hours to get to the nearest hospital.Boateng said many people lost their lives due to preventable or treatable diseases.His grandmother and aunt were among them.”可推知，作者在本段举例的目的是强调缺乏医疗保健的严重性。故选D。
解析
6.How does Boateng carry out his mission
A.He operates on patients in the van.
B.He rents a doctor’s office wherever he goes.
C.He provides medical care by charging some fees.
D.He offers people health care using mobile clinic.
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 2021，he converted(转变) a van(面包车) into a mobile doctor’s office and started bringing health care directly to those in need.”可知，Boateng通过移动诊所为人们提供医疗服务来履行他的使命。故选D。
解析
√
7.What do we know about the Hope Health Van
A.It really works.
B.It makes a profit.
C.It serves the whole Ghana.
D.It produces some good medicine.
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Since its launch，the Hope Health Van has served more than 4,000 Ghanaians across more than 45 rural communities who otherwise don’t have easily accessible medical care，according to Boateng.”可知，“希望健康车”确实有效。故选A。
解析
√
8.Which of the following can best describe Boateng
A.Dependable and creative.
B.Caring and ambitious.
C.Thoughtful and humorous.
D.Determined and demanding.
√
推理判断题。根据第二段以及最后一段中的“He hopes to expand them to provide more consistent and high-quality medical care not only to those living in remote areas of Ghana but those in other countries.”可推知，Boateng为有需要的人提供医疗服务，并且想要将来为其他国家的人们提供更持续和高质量的医疗服务，说明了他有爱心，有抱负。故选B。
解析
1.preventable(派)＝prevent＋able adj.可预防的；可阻止的；可防止的
preventative(派)＝prevent＋ative adj.预防性的；防止的
2.barrier n.隔阂；障碍
3.nonprofit(派)＝non＋profit adj.非营利的；不以营利为目的的
4.one-stop(合)＝one＋stop adj.一站式的
5.accessible(派)＝access＋ible adj.可到达的；可进入的；可得到的；可使用的
词汇积累
1.Feeling an urgent call to help，Boateng decided he would make it his life’s mission to bring health care to remote communities in Ghana where education and preventative health care were lacking.
分析：此句为复合句。Feeling an urgent call to help为现在分词短语作状语；decided后为省略了that的宾语从句，在该从句中，make it his life’s mission 为make的复合结构，it作形式宾语，后面不定式是真正的宾语；where引导定语从句，修饰Ghana。
翻译：Boateng感到迫切需要改善状况，他决定把医疗保健带到加纳缺乏教育和预防性医疗保健的偏远社区，并把此行动作为自己一生的使命。
句式分析
2.Words cannot describe the feeling that you provide care for someone who otherwise wouldn’t be alive if your mobile health van wasn’t there.
分析：此句为复合句。that引导同位语从句，who引导定语从句，if引导条件状语从句。
翻译：语言无法描述这种感觉，即你为那些如果没有你的移动医疗车就不会活着的人提供医疗服务的感觉。
Hard work has been part of every laureate’s(获奖者的) journey towards the Nobel Prize.There are many examples.Francoise Barré-Sinoussi spent time in the lab on the morning of her wedding.
语篇解读　本篇是一篇说明文。文章通过讲述诺贝尔奖得主的一些平衡工作和生活的方法，说明了在努力工作的同时保持健康和人际关系的重要性。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
After Michael Brown’s first daughter was born，he went straight back to discuss the next day’s experiments.Early-career scientists often ask laureates about work-life balance. 1
A.Their answers can be inspiring.
B.My solutions may be of some help.
C.Focus on different aspects of your life.
D.Never hesitate to bravely rise to challenge.
E.Sleep，exercise and eating well can all conflict with working long hours.
F.He would work part-time in an emergency room as well as working in the lab.
G.Going for a walk，for example，gives you the chance to take a step back
and see things differently.
√
根据上文“Hard work has been part of every laureate’s(获奖者的) journey towards the Nobel Prize.”和“Early-career scientists often ask laureates about work-life balance.”可知，获得诺贝尔奖是需要努力工作的，但是工作和生活不容易取得平衡，结合下文每段的首句可知，下文讲述了诺贝尔获奖者维持生活和工作平衡的策略，因此推断A项“他们的回答很有启发性”符合语境，其中的answers对应前文的ask，“Their”对应前文的laureates。故选A。
解析
Spend time with your family and friends.Many laureates stress the value of maintaining personal relationships.Doctor Brian Kobilka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
2 However，despite a heavy workload，he also made time for his family.As Brian Kobilka explains，family provides essential support.
A.Their answers can be inspiring.
B.My solutions may be of some help.
C.Focus on different aspects of your life.
D.Never hesitate to bravely rise to challenge.
E.Sleep，exercise and eating well can all conflict with working long hours.
F.He would work part-time in an emergency room as well as working in the lab.
G.Going for a walk，for example，gives you the chance to take a step back
and see things differently.
√
根据空前一句“Doctor Brian Kobilka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.”和下文“However，despite a heavy workload，he also made time for his family.”可知，空格处应该描述布赖恩·科比尔卡博士的繁重的工作内容，因此推断F项“除了在实验室工作外，他还会在急诊室兼职”符合语境，其中的“He”指代Doctor Brian Kobilka。故选F。
解析
Sleep well at night. 3 It is therefore tempting to finish work before health-promoting activities.
A.Their answers can be inspiring.
B.My solutions may be of some help.
C.Focus on different aspects of your life.
D.Never hesitate to bravely rise to challenge.
E.Sleep，exercise and eating well can all conflict with working long hours.
F.He would work part-time in an emergency room as well as working in the lab.
G.Going for a walk，for example，gives you the chance to take a step back
and see things differently.
√
根据段落首句“Sleep well at night.”可知，本段建议晚上好好休息，睡个好觉，下文“However，this is a trap which Oliver Smithies advises against.Not only is sleep needed to stay healthy，but your brain needs sleep to function at full capacity，so you can generate ideas and solve problems.”提到睡眠与工作并不冲突，However表示前后文是转折关系，因此推断E项“睡眠、锻炼和饮食都可能与长时间工作相冲突”符合语境。故选E。
解析
However，this is a trap which Oliver Smithies advises against.Not only is sleep needed to stay healthy，but your brain needs sleep to function at full capacity，so you can generate ideas and solve problems.
4 Family，work and sleep are all important to a scientist’s success.But they don’t all have to be a constant focus.
A.Their answers can be inspiring.
B.My solutions may be of some help.
C.Focus on different aspects of your life.
D.Never hesitate to bravely rise to challenge.
E.Sleep，exercise and eating well can all conflict with working long hours.
F.He would work part-time in an emergency room as well as working in the lab.
G.Going for a walk，for example，gives you the chance to take a step back
and see things differently.
√
空处为段落中心句。根据下文“Family，work and sleep are all important to a scientist’s success.But they don’t all have to be a constant focus...you can have a different focus at different times.”可知，家庭、工作和睡眠都重要，但不需要一直关注所有的内容，也不必立刻把每件事都做得完美，可以在不同的时间有不同的关注点，因此推断C项“关注生活的不同方面”可概括本段主旨，符合语境。故选C。
解析
Sometimes it will be important to avoid maintaining everything at a high level.Don’t be daunted by the idea you have to do everything perfectly at once—you can have a different focus at different times.
Don’t work too hard.Ultimately，working too hard won’t be beneficial.Not only do you risk burning yourself out，but you are also limited in your thinking.Taking time away from work can allow you to approach problems in a new way.
5 Laureates often point out that working long hours doesn’t always lead to efficiency.
A.Their answers can be inspiring.
B.My solutions may be of some help.
C.Focus on different aspects of your life.
D.Never hesitate to bravely rise to challenge.
E.Sleep，exercise and eating well can all conflict with working long hours.
F.He would work part-time in an emergency room as well as working in the lab.
G.Going for a walk，for example，gives you the chance to take a step back
and see things differently.
√
上文“Taking time away from work can allow you to approach problems in a new way.”说明可以从工作中抽出一些时间放松，下文“Laureates often point out that working long hours doesn’t always lead to efficiency.”说明诺贝尔奖得主的观点，即长时间工作并不总是获得高效率，由此可知空格处应该是建议休息，因此推断G项“例如，去散步，给你一个退一步以不同方式看事物的机会”符合语境。故选G。
解析
(2025·浙江台州山海协作体高二上期中)
Five-day work weeks are commonly accepted and practiced.But trials of a four-day week in Iceland were considered 1.____________ (remarkable) successful.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一周四天工作制这一新兴形式很受欢迎，同时也大大提高了生产效率。
remarkably
考查副词。此处修饰形容词successful需使用副词，作状语。故填remarkably。
解析
Ⅴ.语法填空
They led 2. many workers moving to shorter hours and workers around the world are following the trend.Why has this practice gained 3.__________(popular) and is it possible to apply it cross-culturally
to
2.考查介词。根据句意可知，此处为固定搭配lead to，意为“导致，引起”，to是介词，故填to。
3.考查名词。根据空前gained可知，此处为gained的宾语，需使用名词，popularity为不可数名词。故填popularity。
解析
popularity
The trials,4. involved more than 2,500 workers，took place several years ago.It 5. (report) that productivity remained the same or improved in the majority of workplaces.
which
4.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the trials，指物，在从句中作主语，因此需使用关系代词which，故填which。
5.考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，空前It为形式主语，与动词report之间是被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语It为第三人称单数，be动词用was。It was reported that意为“据报道”。故填was reported。
解析
was reported
Meanwhile，they found their working conditions were 6. (little) stressful and they were no longer at risk of burnout，and their health and work life balance also improved.
less
考查副词比较级。根据stressful及句意可知，此处表示“压力更小”，所以副词little应用其比较级，意为“更少地”。故填less。
解析
Therefore，the world’s largest ever trial of a shorter working week was 7. complete success,8. (show) that the public’s service is ripe for being a pioneer of shorter working weeks and lessons can be learned by other governments.
a
7.考查冠词。根据后文的success及句意可知，此处表示“一个完全成功的案例”，success在此处是可数名词，因此需使用不定冠词，且complete的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
8.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处用非谓语动词，show与其逻辑主语(前面的句子)构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填showing。
解析
showing
A number of other trials 9. (run) across the world now.For instance，a company in New Zealand is giving staff a chance to cut their hours by 20% without hurting their pay in a trial.People feel actually more 10. (attach) to the job as they get rewarded by having more time.
are being run
9.考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据now可知，用现在进行时，主语trials和动词run之间是被动关系，应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语为名词复数，be动词用are。故填are being run。
10.考查形容词。此处应用形容词attached作表语，意为“热爱，钟爱”。故填attached。
解析
attached
返 回
本课结束

展开更多......

收起↑