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Period 4　Using Language
Task 1：Fast reading for the structure of the text.
Skim the text to find out the general idea of the text by filling in the chart below.
答案　(1)Crashes　(2)absence　(3)provided　(4)resist
Task 2：Careful reading for the details of the text.
1．Why do many people oppose driverless cars
A．Because they think driverless mode is risky.
B．Because they are the families of the deceased.
C．Because they consider technology unnecessary.
D．Because the company didn’t apologise for the accident.
答案　A
2．What can we learn from the Amish
A．They are curious about the outside.
B．They want to live in large and polluted cities.
C．They live happily without new technology.
D．They desire to follow the lives of the rich and famous.
答案　C
3．How does the author support his ideas in paragraph 3
A．By listing examples.
B．By doing experiments.
C．By using exact figures.
D．By performing surveys.
答案　A
4．What’s the main idea of the text
A．New technology has offered people many advantages.
B．Opinions are divided on the benefits of new technology.
C．Numerous people lead a happy life without new technology.
D．People are to travel by driverless car in spite of car accidents.
答案　B
5．Why did the author determine to write about the topic
A．Because he was keen on driverless cars.
B．Because he doubted advanced technology.
C．Because he was in favor of the families of the deceased.
D．Because he wanted to reflect on what he read in a newspaper.
答案　D
Task 3：Translate the following phrases into English.
1．公众 the public
2．开发无人驾驶汽车 develop driverless cars
3．停止接受技术 cease accepting technology
4．因……道歉 apologise for
5．死者 the deceased
6．一方面……另一方面…… on the one hand...on the other hand...
7．在没有……的情况下 in the absence of
8．在遥远的将来 in the distant future
9．倡导简单的生活 advocate a simple life
10．在意，关心 care about
11．生活质量 quality of life
12．欣赏自然环境 appreciate the natural environment
13．而不是 rather than
14．提供给某人某物 provide sb with sth
15．潜在的自然灾害 potential natural disaster
16．保持联系 keep in touch
17．即使 even if
18．允许某人做某事 allow sb to do sth
19．社交媒体 social media
20．受益于 benefit from
21．技术进步 technological advance
22．一个可怕的前景 a scary prospect
23．旁观，看待 look on
Task 4：Analyse some long and difficult sentences.
1．In the article，various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars.(P20 Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，that引导宾语从句，developing driverless cars是动词-ing形式作介词of的宾语。
[汉语翻译] 在这篇报道中，多位人士表示公众应该反对发展无人驾驶汽车这一想法。
2．Hence，we should cease accepting technology just because it is new.(P20 Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，because引导原因状语从句。
[汉语翻译] 所以，我们应停止仅仅因为技术是新的就接受它。
3．The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologised for the accident，but the families of the deceased said it was not enough.(P20 Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是but连接的并列复合句，第一个分句中含有that引导的宾语从句，第二个分句中含有省略that的宾语从句。
[汉语翻译] 该报称汽车公司已经为此次事故道歉，但是死者家属表示这还不够。
4．On the one hand，there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.(P20 Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，who live happily...是定语从句，修饰先行词many different groups of people。
[汉语翻译] 一方面，世界上有许多不同群体的人，在没有新技术的情况下依然过着幸福的生活。
5.Probably the most well-known are the Amish，a group of Christians living in rural America.(P20 Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是倒装句，a group of Christians...是the Amish的同位语，living in rural America是动词-ing形式作定语。
[汉语翻译] 也许最广为人知的要数阿曼门诺派——生活在美国乡村的一个基督教群体。
6．It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large，polluted cities.(P20 Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。it是形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句，其中since引导原因状语从句。
[汉语翻译] 甚至有人认为，阿曼门诺派的生活质量更高，因为他们生活在自然的环境中，怡然自得，而不是生活在污染严重的大城市里。
7．For example，the latest weather-tracking computer programs give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters，which saves many lives.(P20 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，which saves many lives是非限制性定语从句。
[汉语翻译] 例如，最新的追踪天气的计算机程序为人们提供潜在自然灾害的种种预警，挽救了许多生命。
8．It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier，as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.(P20 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，as引导原因状语从句，using social media是动词-ing形式作介词through的宾语。
[汉语翻译] 互联网还使人们在生活中更加容易找到机会，因为它让人们能够通过社交媒体建立更大的朋友圈。
9．My health monitor，which I wear all the time，has also helped me get into the best shape of my life.(P20 Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，which I wear all the time是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词health monitor。
[汉语翻译] 我一直随身佩戴的健康监护仪也帮助我达到了生活中的最佳状态。
oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠；反抗；与(某人)较量(opposed adj.反对的；截然不同的 opposite adj.相反的；对面的 prep.在……对面opposition n．反对)
[教材原句P20]In the article，various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars.在这篇报道中，多位人士表示公众应该反对发展无人驾驶汽车这一想法。
[北师大版选择性必修第三册Unit 9]So a very rare disease will have a low baseline and just a few cases of it in one place will be classified as an epidemic；as opposed to more common diseases，such as the flu，that have a higher baseline.罕见疾病的基线很低，即使某一地区只出现少数病例，也会被认定为流行病；与此相反，常见疾病的基线较高，如流感。
·oppose (doing) sth 反对(做)某事 oppose sb/sb’s doing sth 反对某人做某事 ·be opposed to反对…… as opposed to (doing) sth [表示对比]而；相对于
(1)After quarreling with her husband fiercely，Jane walked off in the opposite(oppose) direction in anger.
(2)Unexpectedly，the professor’s proposal met with strong opposition(oppose) at yesterday’s meeting.
(3)I shouted angrily，“I employ you to work as opposed to just sitting(sit)！”
[写作佳句]
(4)(应用文写作之求助信)我父母反对我选文科，这使我情绪低落，因此，你可以给我一些建议吗？
My parents oppose me/my choosing arts/are opposed to me/my choosing arts，which puts me in low spirits and hence，could you be kind enough to offer me some tips
absence n．不存在；缺乏；缺席(absent adj.缺席；不存在；缺乏)
[教材原句P20]On the one hand，there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.一方面，世界上有许多不同群体的人，在没有新技术的情况下依然过着幸福的生活。
[译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 2]Due to the near absence of gravity in space，we have to attach ourselves so that we don’t float around.由于太空中近乎没有重力，我们必须把我们自己固定住，才不会四处漂浮。
·in one’s absence某人不在的时候 in the absence of在没有……的情况下；由于缺乏 ·be absent from缺席，不在
(1)He gave us a warning that we would be punished if we were absent from the coming meeting.
[写作佳句]
(2)(读后续写之情绪描写)她的丈夫不在时，简是如此害怕以至于她坐在地上，泪水模糊了双眼。
In her husband’s absence/In the absence of her husband，so frightened was Jane that she sat down on the ground，with tears clouding her eyes.
advocate vt.提倡；支持；拥护 n．提倡者；支持者；拥护者
[教材原句P20]They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work，family，and community.
他们提倡简朴的生活，强调实干、家庭和社区。
[北师大版必修第二册Unit 6]Reeve became a passionate and energetic advocate for people with back injuries and disabilities，raising millions of dollars in support of medical research.里夫成为脊背受伤和残疾人士的热情而积极的支持者，他为医学研究筹集了数百万美元的支持。
·advocate (doing) sth 提倡/主张(做)某事 advocate that...(should) do...主张/提倡…… ·an advocate for/of...……的支持者/拥护者
(1)There is no doubt that this remarkable professor is an advocate for/of the meaningful activity.
(2)I strongly advocate combining(combine) theory with practice in our routine scientific research.
[写作佳句]
(3)(话题写作之环境保护)随着世界环境日的临近，我倡议做好分内事来保护环境。
With World Environment Day approaching，I advocate doing our part/advocate that we (should) do our part to protect the environment.
keep in touch(with...) (与……)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况)
[教材原句P20]Moreover，the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.此外，互联网使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能轻松保持联系。
be in touch with与……有联系(状态) be out of touch with与……失去联系(状态) get in touch with与……取得联系(动作) lose touch with与……失去联系(动作)
(1)We lost touch with each other ten years ago.Hence，we have been(be) out of touch for ten years.
[写作佳句]
(2)(2024·天津3月，书面表达)俗话说：“尝梨才知其味。”我强烈建议你访问中国，亲身了解这些进步。
As an old saying goes，“Only by tasting a pear can you learn its flavor.” I highly recommend that you visit China and keep in touch with these advances first-hand.
(3)(读后续写之情绪描写)和他的童年的朋友杰克联系上之后，汤姆是如此激动，泪水顺着脸庞流淌。
After getting in touch with his childhood friend，Jack，Tom was so excited that tears flowed down his face.
resist vt.& vi.抵制；反抗；抵挡(resistance n．抵制；抗拒；反对resistant adj.抵制的，阻止的；有抵抗力的)
[教材原句P20]Nevertheless，I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.然而，我将始终着眼于变革的积极一面，接受变革，而不是抗拒变革。
·resist doing sth 抵制做某事 can’t/couldn’t resist doing sth 忍不住做某事 ·be resistant to对……有抵抗力；抵制……
(1)With the temperature rising to 37℃，all the students strongly resist switching(switch) off the air conditioner.
＝With the temperature rising to 37℃，all the students are strongly resistant(resist) to switching off the air conditioner.
[写作佳句]
(2)(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)窗户边的声音引起了我的注意，我忍不住踮着脚走(tiptoe)上前看看发生了什么事。
A noise at the window caught my attention and I couldn’t resist tiptoeing forward to see what was happening.
动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语
[教材原句P20]Moreover，the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.
此外，互联网使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能轻松保持联系。
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。主句the Internet has made it possible...easily 中的it是形式宾语，possible是宾语补足语，不定式复合结构for friends and family to keep in touch easily是真正的宾语；even if引导让步状语从句。
“动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语”结构也叫 “6123结构”： “6”指常用的六个动词：think，believe，make，find，consider，feel； “1”指形式宾语it； “2”指宾语补足语的两种形式：形容词和名词； “3”指真正宾语的三种形式：不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、that引导的宾语从句。 注意：真正宾语为动名词(短语)只限于少数宾语补足语为no good，useless，no use，senseless或worthwhile等的情况。在多数情况下真正宾语为不定式(短语)。
(1)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)我认为每天读半小时英文报Youth对我们学生来说非常有用。因此，我养成了每天读它的习惯。
I think/consider it quite useful for us students to read the English newspaper Youth for half an hour on a daily basis.As a consequence，I make it a rule to read it every day.
(2)(2024·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)Gunter面带微笑地说：“我觉得帮助有困难的人是我的责任。”
Gunter said，with a smile on his face，“I feel it my duty/responsibility to help others in trouble/that I should help others in trouble.”
(3)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)我相信将学生随机配对进行课后英语口语训练是没有好处的。
I believe it no good randomly pairing students up for the spoken English training after class.
the way作先行词的定语从句
[教材原句P20]Of course，when new technology changes the way we live，it can be a scary prospect.
当然，当新技术改变我们的生活方式时，它可能会产生出一个让人担惊受怕的前景。
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。when引导时间状语从句，其中we live是省略了that/in which的定语从句，修饰先行词the way；本句的主句it can be a scary prospect是“主系表”结构。
·the way作先行词的定语从句中，当关系词在定语从句中作方式状语时，用that或in which引导都可以，且现代英语倾向于省略关系词； ·the way作先行词的定语从句中，当关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，用that或which引导均可，作宾语时可省略关系词。
(1)(2023·全国乙，书面表达)我写信是想告诉你小笼包的制作方法，这是我在暑假里学到的新技能。
I am writing to tell you the way (that/in which) Xiaolongbao is made and this is the new skill I have learnt during the summer vacation.
(2)(应用文写作之求助信)你能给我提供一种容易操作的方法吗？
Could you be kind enough to offer me a way that/which is easy to operate
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.品句猜词
1．Clinton was seen as a strong advocate for a variety of educational improvements.n.支持者，提倡者
2．There is every prospect of the weather remaining dry this week.n.可能性
3．Attempts to modify the curriculum have met with strong resistance in many colleges.n.抵制
Ⅱ.单词拼写
1．Could you please give the accurate translation of the long sentence in this extract？
2．I can’t lay emphasis on the importance of artificial intelligence too much.
3.In this sense，she gave up a promising career in advertising in order to look after her children.
4.Nevertheless，the authors point out that their study was done in a rural(乡村的) area and results may differ with urban clients.
5．The following paragraphs(段落) suggest what potential privileges our users will be assigned.
6．The cost of transport is a major expense for an industry.Hence(因此)，factory location is a crucial consideration.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．I couldn’t resist having(have) a look at the new signpost there.
2.Apparently the mother took advantage of the children’s absence(absent) to tidy their rooms.
3．He gradually forgot the accident and set about talking about his occupation(occupy)．
4．It is easy to keep in touch with the friends in the academy due to the Internet.
5．Opposed(oppose) to my buying the new device，my father didn’t give me any money.
6．It is acknowledged that innovation(innovate) plays an important part in social progress.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
The article with the shocking headline—“Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”—1.caused(cause) great concern among various people.2.Opposed(oppose) to the idea of developing driverless cars，some people said some achievements in technology were 3.unnecessary(necessary) and could even be dangerous.The car company apologised 4.for the accident，but claimed that most people would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon.On the one hand，many different groups of people live 5.happily(happy) in the absence of new technology.The most well-known are the Amish,6.who live mainly as farmers and advocate a simple life with 7.an emphasis on hard work，family，and community.On the other hand，people everywhere have benefited a lot from new technology over the years.For example，the Internet has made it possible for friends and family 8.to keep(keep) in touch conveniently even if they are on opposite sides of the world.Personally speaking，technological 9.advances(advance) are good for me.So I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it instead of 10.resisting(resist) it.
作业4　Using Language
[分值：77.5分]
Ⅰ.短语填空(共6小题；每小题2.5分，满分15分)
1．He sincerely apologised for(因为……道歉) the mistake he had made and I readily accepted his apology.
2．Everyone cares about(在意) his/her education and hence，each person is committed to studying.
3．We have kept in touch(保持联系) for ten years；we share happiness and sorrow with one another.
4．In the absence of(在没有……的情况下) water，plants would not grow well.
5．I constantly participate in extra-curricular activities and I have benefited from(受益于) them.
6．My parents have taught me not to look on(旁观) whenever I encounter some accidents.
Ⅱ.主题微写作——文明网民(满分15分)
(应用文写作之倡议书)
1．为了创建友好的网络环境，我强烈提倡做文明网民。(advocate)
In order to create a friendly network environment，I strongly advocate being civilized netizens.
2．由于网络上有各种各样的信息，我反对学生浏览不好的网页。(oppose)
With various kinds of information on the Internet，I oppose students’/students browsing bad web pages.
3．许多学生每天都忙于上网，以至于他们觉得上学很无聊。(动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语)
Many students are so occupied in surfing the Internet every day that they find it boring to attend school.
4．一些学生甚至忍不住在一座陌生的城市见网友，这有可能导致一些意外的后果。(resist)
Some students even can’t resist meeting net friends in a strange city，which may bring about some unexpected consequences.
5．总之，我相信强调网络安全的重要性是非常必要的。(believe it＋adj.＋to do；emphasis)
To sum up，I believe it quite necessary to lay emphasis on the importance of network security.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
AI has advanced significantly over the years.However，its current models largely disregard human psychology，such as emotional intelligence.
“The main focus of our work was how we could bring the emotional part of intelligence to AI，” says Saptarshi Das，associate professor at Penn State.“Human behavior is easy to observe but difficult to measure and that makes it difficult to replicate(复制) in a robot and make it emotionally intelligent.There is no real way right now to do that.”
Eating habits serve as a prime example of this emotional intelligence.While hunger is the physiological drive to eat，our choices of what to eat are influenced by our sense of taste.As Das explains，even when one is not hungry，the psychological desire can drive him or her to consume a sweet treat，rather than a piece of meat.
To grasp the intricacies(错综复杂的细节) of taste，Penn State researchers looked to the human tongue，which translates chemical data into electrical signals sent to the brain’s gustatory cortex(味觉皮层)．In this brain region，complex neuronal networks shape our sense of taste.To imitate this，the team created an electronic “tongue”．
This technology can be adapted to recognize all primary taste characteristics，from sweet and salty to umami(鲜味)．Looking ahead，the researchers see numerous applications，including AI-designed diets based on emotional preferences or tailored restaurant meal suggestions.
The team’s immediate goal is to expand the electronic tongue’s capacity.“We are trying to imitate the 10,000 or so taste receptors(味蕾) we have on our tongue that are each slightly different compared to the others，which enables us to distinguish between small differences in tastes，” says Das.“The example I think of is people who train their tongue and become a wine taster.Perhaps in the future，we can have an AI system that you can train to be an even better wine taster.”
Beyond taste，the team wants to broaden this concept to other senses，leading to a more comprehensive and emotionally intelligent AI system.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了让人工智能更好地具备情商，研究人员创造了一种电子“舌头”。这项技术可以用来识别主要的味道特征，从甜、咸到鲜味。
1．What can be learned from the first two paragraphs
A．It is necessary to make robots emotionally intelligent.
B．It is hard to make robots emotionally intelligent.
C．Emotional intelligence is complex and difficult to observe.
D．Few researchers pay attention to emotional intelligence of AI.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“Human behavior is easy to observe but difficult to measure and that makes it difficult to replicate(复制) in a robot and make it emotionally intelligent.There is no real way right now to do that.”可知，让机器人具有情商是很困难的。故选B。
2．What might this electronic tongue be applied to in the future
A．Evaluating people’s diet plans.
B．Designing a healthier diet plan for people.
C．Correcting people’s poor dietary preferences.
D．Helping restaurants serve customers better.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段末句“Looking ahead，the researchers see numerous applications，including AI-designed diets based on emotional preferences or tailored restaurant meal suggestions.”可知，这种电子“舌头”将来会帮助餐馆更好地为顾客服务。故选D。
3．What is the team’s plan according to the last two paragraphs
A．Improving people’s taste sensitivity with the electronic tongue.
B．Making the electronic tongue available for everyone.
C．Bringing all the human senses into the AI system.
D．Attracting the attention of other researchers to AI’s innovation.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段“Beyond taste，the team wants to broaden this concept to other senses，leading to a more comprehensive and emotionally intelligent AI system.”可知，团队的计划是将人类的所有感官引入人工智能系统。故选C。
4．What is the text mainly about
A．The progress in bringing emotional intelligence into AI.
B．The advantage of the “electronic tongue”．
C．The future development trend of AI.
D．The big role of AI in developing emotional intelligence.
答案　A
解析　主旨大意题。根据全文，尤其是第一、四、五段可知，这篇文章的主要内容是研究人员将情商引入人工智能的进展。故选A。
B (此篇精读)
(2025·浙江台州高二上期中)
Shortly after ChatGPT was released，in early 2023，a freelance writer named Jason Colavito posted on social media that a computer was replacing him with AI，because it could write content for free.But he is also wanted—at a small amount of his normal rate—to “rewrite” the AI-generated text.This is not the first time that technology has slashed salaries instead of jobs，and the real problem is not AI.The problem is a culture that devalues human labor(劳动)．
With the release of new AI applications，discussions about the future of work are back in full force.A recent study looked at professions in the United States，from poets to financial managers，predicting the 19 percent will soon lose 50 percent of their tasks to AI.But our precious experience with automation suggests it’s much more complicated than technology simply replacing human work.
In 2019，independent research organization Data & Society studied how automation is being integrated in farm management and grocery stores.Counter to the popular belief that the technology was reducing the need for human labor，researchers Alexandra Mateescu and Madeleine Clare Elish discovered that introducing new devices was mostly changing the nature of the work.For example，automated checkout machines kept employees busy，because they were assisting confused customers，troubleshooting machines，and taking on other tasks to ensure their smooth operation in the store.Most importantly，Mateescu and Elish discovered that the new tasks，which helped accommodate and employ the “automated” technology，were often undervalued or even invisible.
The important thing to understand is that the current deskilling and devaluing of labor isn’t because the robots are coming for us—it’s cultural.As jobs get disrupted and people’s livelihoods are threatened，it’s easy to point fingers at technology as the unavoidable reason，whether you’re an expert or an employer.But what is actually to blame is a society that is willing to let workers be mistreated.It’s a big thing to change，but it’s not set in stone.And that’s the real “robots and jobs” conversation we need to be having.
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是人工智能对未来工作的影响——人工智能并不会夺走我们的工作，而是会改变工作的性质。
5．What does the underlined word “slashed” in paragraph 1 mean
A．Created. B．Improved.
C．Reduced. D．Removed.
答案　C
解析　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“But he is also wanted—at a small amount of his normal rate—to ‘rewrite’ the AI-generated text.”可知，技术减少了他的薪水，因此slash的意思是“减少”，和reduce意思相近，故选C。
6．What did Mateescu and Elish find
A．Automated technology was taking away almost all jobs.
B．New advanced devices were being integrated in various jobs.
C．Humans were still needed to take care of AI-generated problems.
D．Humans couldn’t understand the real value in their own jobs.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“For example，automated checkout machines kept employees busy，because they were assisting confused customers，troubleshooting machines，and taking on other tasks to ensure their smooth operation in the store.”可知，Mateescu和Elish发现人类仍然需要处理人工智能产生的问题。故选C。
7．What’s the main cause of the deskilling and devaluing of labor
A．The introduction of robots.
B．The nature of jobs.
C．The change of workers.
D．The attitude to labor.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The important thing to understand is that the current deskilling and devaluing of labor isn’t because the robots are coming for us—it’s cultural.”和“But what is actually to blame is a society that is willing to let workers be mistreated.”可知，劳动力低技能化和贬值的主要原因是社会对待劳动的态度。故选D。
8．What’s the best title for the text
A．Work Gets Deskilled by Robots
B．Robots Aren’t Coming for Our Jobs
C．A Promising Future：Humans and Robots
D．A Wanted Conversation：Humans and Robots
答案　B
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第二段末句和第三段第二句可知，本文主要论述的是人工智能对未来工作的影响——它不会夺走我们的工作，而是会改变工作的性质，因此最好的题目是B选项(机器人不会抢走我们的工作)。故选B。
[词汇积累] 1．release vt.&n.排放；释放；发布 2．complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的 3．counter to与……相反 4．invisible adj.看不见的；无形的→visible adj.看得见的；可见的→visibility n．能见度；可见性 [句式分析] 1．This is not the first time that technology has slashed salaries instead of jobs，and the real problem is not AI. 分析：此句包含句型：That/This/It is the first time that...(that从句用现在完成时)；That/This/It was the first time that...(that从句用过去完成时) 翻译：技术大幅度削减了工资却没有完全取代人的工作，这不是第一次了，真正的问题并不是人工智能。 2．Counter to the popular belief that the technology was reducing the need for human labor，researchers Alexandra Mateescu and Madeleine Clare Elish discovered that introducing new devices was mostly changing the nature of the work. 分析：此句为复合句。句中第一个that引导同位语从句，解释说明belief的内容；第二个that引导宾语从句。 翻译：与人们普遍认为这项技术减少了对人力需求的想法相反，研究人员亚历山德拉·马泰斯库和玛德琳·克莱尔·埃利什发现，引入新设备主要是在改变工作的性质。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·浙江杭州高二上期末)
In a world where technology is king，hardly does a day go by without the launch of some “world-changing” product in the field of alternate reality. 1 These include VR，AR，MR，XR and the list goes on.
Many people confuse augmented reality (AR) with virtual reality (VR)，and understandably so.Both AR and VR offer alternate or altered reality experiences and as a result，it is easy for users to be attracted and wonder what is real and what is not. 2 Both aim to provide an enhanced or enriched experience to users，most commonly used in the gaming scene，but also increasingly used in other areas.
However，AR and VR can be quite different in many ways.The main difference lies in the mode of delivery.Simply put，VR “transports” the user to another world，by “replacing” the real world with a virtual substitute most commonly done through helmets or goggles to completely immerse the gamer in a different reality. 3
AR，however，does not change the entire landscape of what users see. 4 While AR may be less immersive than VR，the success of games which use AR is proof that it can be just as or even more entertaining than VR games.Moreover，since AR does not require the use of goggles or helmets，it is more accessible.
VR and AR are both powerful technologies which are still relatively new to many consumers. 5 They can completely change how we use our electronic devices in the future，but whether one will edge out the other is anyone’s guess.
A．VR can be interactive or non-interactive.
B．In fact，it adds to reality with digital images.
C．In short，at the heart of VR and AR are two very similar technologies.
D．However，they have already begun to shake things up in the gaming world.
E．For example，it can make users feel as if they are falling，thereby igniting fear.
F．They would see computer-made images as an overlay to what they see in real life.
G．It is also getting increasingly difficult to keep up with the “R”s that have come into existence.
1．答案　G
解析　根据本段上下文可知，此处承接上文，说明跟上科技进步很困难，因为新科技产品不断在出现，并对应下文列举的带有“R”的单词。G选项“跟上已经出现的这些‘R’的步伐也变得越来越困难”切题。故选G。
2．答案　C
解析　根据下文“Both aim to provide an enhanced or enriched experience to users，most commonly used in the gaming scene，but also increasingly used in other areas.”可知，VR和AR技术很相似。C选项“简而言之，VR和AR的核心是两种非常相似的技术”切题。故选C。
3．答案　E
解析　根据上文“Simply put，VR ‘transports’ the user to another world，by ‘replacing’ the real world with a virtual substitute most commonly done through helmets or goggles to completely immerse the gamer in a different reality.”可知，此处承接上文，具体举例说明VR的特点。E选项“例如，它可以让用户感觉自己好像在坠落，从而引发恐惧”切题。故选E。
4．答案　B
解析　根据上文“AR，however，does not change the entire landscape of what users see.”可知，此处承接上文说明实际的情况。B选项“事实上，它通过数字图像增强了现实”切题。故选B。
5．答案　D
解析　根据本段上下文可知，此处与上文为转折关系，说明虽然VR和AR对很多消费者来说还很陌生，但它们已经开始产生影响。D选项“然而，它们已经开始撼动游戏世界”切题。故选D。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
From robots delivering coffee to office chairs rearranging 1. (they) after a meeting，a smart city project in China aims to put artificial intelligence 2. charge.
In 2020，Danish architecture firm BIG and Chinese tech company Terminus 3. (discuss) plans to build an AI-run campus-style development in the southwestern Chinese city of Chongqing during 4. online global tech conference.
The project,5. (name) Cloud Valley，plans to use sensors and wi-fi-connected devices to gather data on everything from weather and pollution to people’s eating habits to meet residents’ needs 6. (automatic)，said Terminus.
Cities around the world are racing to embrace technology to improve urban life by collecting data to address problems like traffic jams and crime.More than 500 smart cities are being built across China 7. (promote) growth in a global economic downturn.The city，which includes offices，homes，public spaces and self-driving cars 8. move around under the watchful eye of AI，is due for completion in a few years，according to Terminus.
Yet，like other smart cities，its tech-driven approach has raised privacy concerns.
“Isn’t all of this a little 9. (frighten)？” asked a conference-goer.Another attendee said smart cities risked becoming a threat to human rights if 10. (company) and governments didn’t take steps to limit surveillance(监视) and ensure inclusivity.
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一个完全由人工智能管理的智慧城市项目“云谷”。
1．答案　themselves
解析　考查代词。根据空前的office chairs可推知，此处用themselves“它们自己”，作rearranging的宾语。故填themselves。
2．答案　in
解析　考查介词。put...in charge为固定短语，意为“让……负责”。故填in。
3．答案　discussed
解析　考查动词时态。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语In 2020可知，句子在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填discussed。
4．答案　an
解析　考查冠词。此处泛指“一次在线全球科技会议”，应用不定冠词，且online的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
5．答案　named
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处是非谓语动词，作The project的后置定语，name和The project是逻辑上的被动关系，且动作当时已完成，应用name的过去分词形式。故填named。
6．答案　automatically
解析　考查副词。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词meet，应用automatic的副词形式automatically，意为“自动地”。故填automatically。
7．答案　to promote
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作句子的目的状语，表示“为了……”，应用不定式形式。故填to promote。
8．答案　that/which
解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词self-driving cars，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
9．答案　frightening
解析　考查形容词。分析句子可知，空处作句子的表语，且此处表示“令人害怕的”。故填frightening。
10．答案　companies
解析　考查名词复数。分析句子可知，空处和governments并列，作if引导的条件状语从句的主语，空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词company“公司”应用复数形式。故填companies。(共100张PPT)
Period 4
Using Language
Looking into the future
Unit 2
内容索引
Step 1　课文深度理解
Step 2　语言知识梳理
Step 3　基础达标检测
作业4
课文深度理解
Task 1：Fast reading for the structure of the text.
Skim the text to find out the general idea of the text by filling in the chart below.
This morning,I saw the shocking headline:“Passenger Dies When Car (1)_________ in Driverless Mode”.
Introduce the topic about new technology
Crashes
On the one hand,there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the (2)________ of new technology.
The situation of living without new technology
absence
On the other hand, new technology has (3)_________ people everywhere with many benefits over the years.
provided
I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than (4)______ it.
The author’s attitude towards new technology
resist
The advantage of the presence of new technology
Task 2：Careful reading for the details of the text.
1.Why do many people oppose driverless cars
A.Because they think driverless mode is risky.
B.Because they are the families of the deceased.
C.Because they consider technology unnecessary.
D.Because the company didn’t apologise for the accident.
√
2.What can we learn from the Amish
A.They are curious about the outside.
B.They want to live in large and polluted cities.
C.They live happily without new technology.
D.They desire to follow the lives of the rich and famous.
√
3.How does the author support his ideas in paragraph 3
A.By listing examples.
B.By doing experiments.
C.By using exact figures.
D.By performing surveys.
√
4.What’s the main idea of the text
A.New technology has offered people many advantages.
B.Opinions are divided on the benefits of new technology.
C.Numerous people lead a happy life without new technology.
D.People are to travel by driverless car in spite of car accidents.
√
5.Why did the author determine to write about the topic
A.Because he was keen on driverless cars.
B.Because he doubted advanced technology.
C.Because he was in favor of the families of the deceased.
D.Because he wanted to reflect on what he read in a newspaper.
√
Task 3：Translate the following phrases into English.
1.公众
2.开发无人驾驶汽车
3.停止接受技术
4.因……道歉
5.死者
6.一方面……另一方面……
7.在没有……的情况下
8.在遥远的将来
__________
_____________________
________________________
____________
____________
_________________________________
________________
__________________
the public
develop driverless cars
cease accepting technology
apologise for
the deceased
on the one hand...on the other hand...
in the absence of
in the distant future
9.倡导简单的生活
10.在意，关心
11.生活质量
12.欣赏自然环境
13.而不是
14.提供给某人某物
15.潜在的自然灾害
16.保持联系
17.即使
___________________
__________
____________
_______________________________
___________
_________________
_______________________
____________
_______
advocate a simple life
care about
quality of life
appreciate the natural environment
rather than
provide sb with sth
potential natural disaster
keep in touch
even if
18.允许某人做某事
19.社交媒体
20.受益于
21.技术进步
22.一个可怕的前景
23.旁观，看待
________________
____________
____________
____________________
_______________
_______
allow sb to do sth
social media
benefit from
technological advance
a scary prospect
look on
Task 4：Analyse some long and difficult sentences.
1.In the article，various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars.(P20 Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，that引导_____从句，developing driverless cars是动词-ing形式作介词of的_____。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
宾语
宾语
在这篇报道中，多位人士表示公众应该反对发展无人驾驶汽车这一想法。
2.Hence，we should cease accepting technology just because it is new.(P20 Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，because引导__________从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
复合
原因状语
所以，我们应停止仅仅因为技术是新的就接受它。
3.The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologised for the accident，but the families of the deceased said it was not enough.(P20 Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是but连接的__________句，第一个分句中含有that引导的_____从句，第二个分句中含有省略_____的宾语从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
并列复合
宾语
that
该报称汽车公司已经为此次事故道歉，但是死者家属表示这还不够。
4.On the one hand，there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.(P20 Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，who live happily...是定语从句，修饰先行词_____________________________。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
many different groups of people
一方面，世界上有许多不同群体的人，在没有新技术的情况下依然过着幸福的生活。
5.Probably the most well-known are the Amish，a group of Christians living in rural America.(P20 Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，a group of Christians...是the Amish的______，living in rural America是动词-ing形式作_____。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
倒装
同位语
定语
也许最广为人知的要数阿曼门诺派——生活在美国乡村的一个基督教群体。
6.It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large，polluted cities.(P20 Para.2)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句。___是形式主语，_____引导真正的主语从句，其中since引导_____状语从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
that
原因
甚至有人认为，阿曼门诺派的生活质量更高，因为他们生活在自然的环境中，怡然自得，而不是生活在污染严重的大城市里。
it
7.For example，the latest weather-tracking computer programs give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters，which saves many lives.(P20 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，which saves many lives是____________从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
非限制性定语
例如，最新的追踪天气的计算机程序为人们提供潜在自然灾害的种种预警，挽救了许多生命。
8.It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier，as it allows people to make larger networks of friends through using social media.(P20 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，as引导_________从句，using social media是动词-ing形式作介词through的_____。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
原因状语
互联网还使人们在生活中更加容易找到机会，因为它让人们能够通过社交媒体建立更大的朋友圈。
宾语
9.My health monitor，which I wear all the time，has also helped me get into the best shape of my life.(P20 Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，which I wear all the time是_____________从句，修饰先行词______________。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
返 回
复合
非限制性定语
我一直随身佩戴的健康监护仪也帮助我达到了生活中的最佳状态。
health monitor
语言知识梳理
vt.反对；抵制；阻挠；反抗；与(某人)较量(opposed adj.反对的；截然不同的 opposite adj.相反的；对面的 prep.在……对面opposition n.反对)
[教材原句P20] In the article，various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars.在这篇报道中，多位人士表示公众应该反对发展无人驾驶汽车这一想法。
[北师大版选择性必修第三册Unit 9] So a very rare disease will have a low baseline and just a few cases of it in one place will be classified as an epidemic；as opposed to more common diseases，such as the flu，that have a higher baseline.罕见疾病的基线很低，即使某一地区只出现少数病例，也会被认定为流行病；与此相反，常见疾病的基线较高，如流感。
1
oppose
·oppose (doing) sth 反对(做)某事
oppose sb/sb’s doing sth 反对某人做某事
·be opposed to反对……
as opposed to (doing) sth [表示对比]而；相对于
(1)After quarreling with her husband fiercely，Jane walked off in the __________(oppose) direction in anger.
(2)Unexpectedly，the professor’s proposal met with strong ___________
(oppose) at yesterday’s meeting.
(3)I shouted angrily，“I employ you to work as opposed to just _______(sit)！”
opposite
opposition
sitting
(4)(应用文写作之求助信)我父母反对我选文科，这使我情绪低落，因此，你可以给我一些建议吗？
My parents ____________________________________________
_____________，which puts me in low spirits and hence，could you be kind enough to offer me some tips
oppose me/my choosing arts/are opposed to me/my choosing arts
写作佳句
n.不存在；缺乏；缺席(absent adj.缺席；不存在；缺乏)
2
absence
[教材原句P20] On the one hand，there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.一方面，世界上有许多不同群体的人，在没有新技术的情况下依然过着幸福的生活。
[译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 2] Due to the near absence of gravity in space，we have to attach ourselves so that we don’t float around.由于太空中近乎没有重力，我们必须把我们自己固定住，才不会四处漂浮。
·in one’s absence某人不在的时候
in the absence of在没有……的情况下；由于缺乏
·be absent from缺席，不在
(1)He gave us a warning that we would be punished if we were absent ______ the coming meeting.
from
(2)(读后续写之情绪描写)她的丈夫不在时，简是如此害怕以至于她坐在地上，泪水模糊了双眼。
____________________________________________________，so frightened was Jane that she sat down on the ground，with tears clouding her eyes.
写作佳句
In her husband’s absence/In the absence of her husband
vt.提倡；支持；拥护 n.提倡者；支持者；拥护者
advocate
3
[教材原句P20] They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work，family，and community.
他们提倡简朴的生活，强调实干、家庭和社区。
[北师大版必修第二册Unit 6] Reeve became a passionate and energetic advocate for people with back injuries and disabilities，raising millions of dollars in support of medical research.里夫成为脊背受伤和残疾人士的热情而积极的支持者，他为医学研究筹集了数百万美元的支持。
·advocate (doing) sth 提倡/主张(做)某事
advocate that...(should) do...主张/提倡……
·an advocate for/of...……的支持者/拥护者
(1)There is no doubt that this remarkable professor is an advocate ______ the meaningful activity.
(2)I strongly advocate __________(combine) theory with practice in our routine scientific research.
for/of
combining
(3)(话题写作之环境保护)随着世界环境日的临近，我倡议做好分内事来保护环境。
With World Environment Day approaching，I ______________
__________________________________________to protect the environment.
advocate doing
写作佳句
our part/advocate that we (should) do our part
(与……)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况)
keep in touch(with...)
4
[教材原句P20] Moreover，the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.此外，互联网使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能轻松保持联系。
be in touch with与……有联系(状态)
be out of touch with与……失去联系(状态)
get in touch with与……取得联系(动作)
lose touch with与……失去联系(动作)
(1)We lost touch _____each other ten years ago.Hence，we _________(be) out of touch for ten years.
with
have been
(2)(2024·天津3月，书面表达)俗话说：“尝梨才知其味。”我强烈建议你访问中国，亲身了解这些进步。
As an old saying goes，“Only by tasting a pear can you learn its flavor.” I highly recommend that you visit China and _________
_________________________________.
(3)(读后续写之情绪描写)和他的童年的朋友杰克联系上之后，汤姆是如此激动，泪水顺着脸庞流淌。
__________________________________________，Jack，Tom was so excited that tears flowed down his face.
keep in
写作佳句
touch with these advances first-hand
After getting in touch with his childhood friend
vt.& vi.抵制；反抗；抵挡(resistance n.抵制；抗拒；反对resistant adj.抵制的，阻止的；有抵抗力的)
resist
5
[教材原句P20] Nevertheless，I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.然而，我将始终着眼于变革的积极一面，接受变革，而不是抗拒变革。
·resist doing sth 抵制做某事
can’t/couldn’t resist doing sth 忍不住做某事
·be resistant to对……有抵抗力；抵制……
(1)With the temperature rising to 37℃，all the students strongly resist __________(switch) off the air conditioner.
＝With the temperature rising to 37℃，all the students are strongly _________(resist) to switching off the air conditioner.
switching
resistant
(2)(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)窗户边的声音引起了我的注意，我忍不住踮着脚走(tiptoe)上前看看发生了什么事。
A noise at the window caught my attention and I _____________
_________________ to see what was happening.
couldn’t resist
写作佳句
tiptoeing forward
[教材原句P20] Moreover，the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.
此外，互联网使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能轻松保持联系。
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。主句the Internet has made it possible...easily 中的it是形式宾语，possible是宾语补足语，不定式复合结构for friends and family to keep in touch easily是真正的宾语；even if引导让步状语从句。
6
动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语
“动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语”结构也叫 “6123结构”：
“6”指常用的六个动词：think，believe，make，find，consider，feel；
“1”指形式宾语it；
“2”指宾语补足语的两种形式：形容词和名词；
“3”指真正宾语的三种形式：不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、that引导的宾语从句。
注意：真正宾语为动名词(短语)只限于少数宾语补足语为no good，useless，no use，senseless或worthwhile等的情况。在多数情况下真正宾语为不定式(短语)。
(1)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)我认为每天读半小时英文报Youth对我们学生来说非常有用。因此，我养成了每天读它的习惯。
I _____________________________________________________________
___________ Youth for half an hour on a daily basis.As a consequence，I ______________________ every day.
(2)(2024·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)Gunter面带微笑地说：“我觉得帮助有困难的人是我的责任。”
Gunter said，with a smile on his face，“I ___________________________
_____________________________________________________.”
think/consider it quite useful for us students to read the English
make it a rule to read it
newspaper
feel it my duty/responsibility to help others in trouble/that I should help others in trouble
(3)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)我相信将学生随机配对进行课后英语口语训练是没有好处的。
I ____________________________________________ for the spoken English training after class.
believe it no good randomly pairing students up
[教材原句P20] Of course，when new technology changes the way we live，it can be a scary prospect.
当然，当新技术改变我们的生活方式时，它可能会产生出一个让人担惊受怕的前景。
[结构分析] 此句是复合句。when引导时间状语从句，其中we live是省略了that/in which的定语从句，修饰先行词the way；本句的主句it can be a scary prospect是“主系表”结构。
7
the way作先行词的定语从句
·the way作先行词的定语从句中，当关系词在定语从句中作方式状语时，
用that或in which引导都可以，且现代英语倾向于省略关系词；
·the way作先行词的定语从句中，当关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语
时，用that或which引导均可，作宾语时可省略关系词。
(1)(2023·全国乙，书面表达)我写信是想告诉你小笼包的制作方法，这是我在暑假里学到的新技能。
I am writing to tell you the way ________________________________ and this is the new skill I have learnt during the summer vacation.
(that/in which) Xiaolongbao is made
(2)(应用文写作之求助信)你能给我提供一种容易操作的方法吗？
Could you be kind enough to offer me a way ___________________________
that/which is easy to operate
返 回
基础达标检测
1.Clinton was seen as a strong advocate for a variety of educational improvements. 　 _________________
2.There is every prospect of the weather remaining dry this week.
________
3.Attempts to modify the curriculum have met with strong resistance in many colleges. 　　 _______
n.支持者，提倡者
Ⅰ.品句猜词
n.可能性
n.抵制
1.Could you please give the _________ translation of the long sentence in this extract？
2.I can’t lay ___________ on the importance of artificial intelligence too much.
3.In this sense，she gave up a promising ______ in advertising in order to look after her children.
4.Nevertheless，the authors point out that their study was done in a ______(乡村的) area and results may differ with urban clients.
accurate
Ⅱ.单词拼写
emphasis
career
rural
5.The following ___________(段落) suggest what potential privileges our users will be assigned.
6.The cost of transport is a major expense for an industry._______(因此)，factory location is a crucial consideration.
paragraphs
Hence
1.I couldn’t resist _______(have) a look at the new signpost there.
2.Apparently the mother took advantage of the children’s _______(absent) to tidy their rooms.
3.He gradually forgot the accident and set about talking about his ___________(occupy).
4.It is easy to keep ____ touch with the friends in the academy due to the Internet.
having
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
absence
occupation
in
5._________(oppose) to my buying the new device，my father didn’t give me any money.
6.It is acknowledged that ___________(innovate) plays an important part in social progress.
Opposed
innovation
The article with the shocking headline—“Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”—1.________(cause) great concern among various people.2._________(oppose) to the idea of developing driverless cars，some people said some achievements in technology were 3.____________(necessary) and could even be dangerous.The car company apologised 4._____ the accident，but claimed that most people
would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon.On the one hand，
caused
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Opposed
unnecessary
for
many different groups of people live 5.________(happy) in the absence of new technology.The most well-known are the Amish,6._____ live mainly as farmers and advocate a simple life with 7.____ emphasis on hard work，family，and community.On the other hand，people everywhere have benefited a lot from new technology over the years.For example，the Internet has made it possible for friends and family 8._______(keep) in touch conveniently even if they are on opposite sides of the world.Personally speaking，technological 9._________(advance) are good for me.So I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it instead of 10._________(resist) it.
happily
who
返 回
an
to keep
advances
resisting
作业4
1.He sincerely _______________(因为……道歉) the mistake he had made and I readily accepted his apology.
2.Everyone ___________(在意) his/her education and hence，each person is committed to studying.
3.We _________________(保持联系) for ten years；we share happiness and sorrow with one another.
4._________________(在没有……的情况下) water，plants would not grow well.
apologised for
cares about
Ⅰ.短语填空
have kept in touch
In the absence of
5.I constantly participate in extra-curricular activities and I have ______________(受益于) them.
6.My parents have taught me not to _______(旁观) whenever I encounter some accidents.
benefited from
look on
(应用文写作之倡议书)
1.为了创建友好的网络环境，我强烈提倡做文明网民。(advocate)
In order to create a friendly network environment，__________________
_____________________.
2.由于网络上有各种各样的信息，我反对学生浏览不好的网页。(oppose)
With various kinds of information on the Internet，I _________________
______________________________.
I strongly advocate
Ⅱ.主题微写作——文明网民
being civilized netizens
oppose students’/
students browsing bad web pages
3.许多学生每天都忙于上网，以至于他们觉得上学很无聊。(动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语)
Many students are so occupied in surfing the Internet every day that ____
___________________________.
4.一些学生甚至忍不住在一座陌生的城市见网友，这有可能导致一些意外的后果。(resist)
Some students even ___________________________________________，which may bring about some unexpected consequences.
they
find it boring to attend school
can’t resist meeting net friends in a strange city
5.总之，我相信强调网络安全的重要性是非常必要的。(believe it＋adj.＋to do；emphasis)
To sum up，I __________________________________________________
____________________________.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
believe it quite necessary to lay emphasis on the importance of network security
A
AI has advanced significantly over the years.However，its current models largely disregard human psychology，such as emotional intelligence.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了让人工智能更好地具备情商，研究人员创造了一种电子“舌头”。这项技术可以用来识别主要的味道特征，从甜、咸到鲜味。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
“The main focus of our work was how we could bring the emotional part of intelligence to AI，” says Saptarshi Das，associate professor at Penn State.“Human behavior is easy to observe but difficult to measure and that makes it difficult to replicate(复制) in a robot and make it emotionally intelligent.There is no real way right now to do that.”
Eating habits serve as a prime example of this emotional intelligence.While hunger is the physiological drive to eat，our choices of what to eat are influenced by our sense of taste.As Das explains，even when one is not hungry，the psychological desire can drive him or her to consume a sweet treat，rather than a piece of meat.
To grasp the intricacies(错综复杂的细节) of taste，Penn State researchers looked to the human tongue，which translates chemical data into electrical signals sent to the brain’s gustatory cortex(味觉皮层).In this brain region，complex neuronal networks shape our sense of taste.To imitate this，the team created an electronic “tongue”.
This technology can be adapted to recognize all primary taste characteristics，from sweet and salty to umami(鲜味).Looking ahead，the researchers see numerous applications，including AI-designed diets based on emotional preferences or tailored restaurant meal suggestions.
The team’s immediate goal is to expand the electronic tongue’s capacity.“We are trying to imitate the 10,000 or so taste receptors(味蕾) we have on our tongue that are each slightly different compared to the others，which enables us to distinguish between small differences in tastes，” says Das.“The example I think of is people who train their tongue and become a wine taster.Perhaps in the future，we can have an AI system that you can train to be an even better wine taster.”
Beyond taste，the team wants to broaden this concept to other senses，leading to a more comprehensive and emotionally intelligent AI system.
1.What can be learned from the first two paragraphs
A.It is necessary to make robots emotionally intelligent.
B.It is hard to make robots emotionally intelligent.
C.Emotional intelligence is complex and difficult to observe.
D.Few researchers pay attention to emotional intelligence of AI.
细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“Human behavior is easy to observe but difficult to measure and that makes it difficult to replicate(复制) in a robot and make it emotionally intelligent.There is no real way right now to do that.”可知，让机器人具有情商是很困难的。故选B。
解析
√
2.What might this electronic tongue be applied to in the future
A.Evaluating people’s diet plans.
B.Designing a healthier diet plan for people.
C.Correcting people’s poor dietary preferences.
D.Helping restaurants serve customers better.
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段末句“Looking ahead，the researchers see numerous applications，including AI-designed diets based on emotional preferences or tailored restaurant meal suggestions.”可知，这种电子“舌头”将来会帮助餐馆更好地为顾客服务。故选D。
解析
√
3.What is the team’s plan according to the last two paragraphs
A.Improving people’s taste sensitivity with the electronic tongue.
B.Making the electronic tongue available for everyone.
C.Bringing all the human senses into the AI system.
D.Attracting the attention of other researchers to AI’s innovation.
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Beyond taste，the team wants to broaden this concept to other senses，leading to a more comprehensive and emotionally intelligent AI system.”可知，团队的计划是将人类的所有感官引入人工智能系统。故选C。
解析
√
4.What is the text mainly about
A.The progress in bringing emotional intelligence into AI.
B.The advantage of the “electronic tongue”.
C.The future development trend of AI.
D.The big role of AI in developing emotional intelligence.
主旨大意题。根据全文，尤其是第一、四、五段可知，这篇文章的主要内容是研究人员将情商引入人工智能的进展。故选A。
解析
√
B (此篇精读)
(2025·浙江台州高二上期中)
Shortly after ChatGPT was released，in early 2023，a freelance writer named Jason Colavito posted on social media that a computer was replacing him with AI，because it could write content for free.But he is also wanted—at a small amount of his normal rate—to “rewrite” the AI-generated text.
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是人工智能对未来工作的影响
——人工智能并不会夺走我们的工作，而是会改变工作的性质。
This is not the first time that technology has slashed salaries instead of jobs，and the real problem is not AI.The problem is a culture that devalues human labor(劳动).
With the release of new AI applications，discussions about the future of work are back in full force.A recent study looked at professions in the United States，from poets to financial managers，predicting the 19 percent will soon lose 50 percent of their tasks to AI.But our precious experience with automation suggests it’s much more complicated than technology simply replacing human work.
In 2019，independent research organization Data & Society studied how automation is being integrated in farm management and grocery stores.Counter to the popular belief that the technology was reducing the need for human labor，researchers Alexandra Mateescu and Madeleine Clare Elish discovered that introducing new devices was mostly changing the nature of the work.For example，automated checkout machines kept employees busy，because they were assisting confused customers，troubleshooting machines，and taking on other tasks to ensure their smooth operation in the store.Most importantly，Mateescu and Elish discovered that the new tasks，which helped accommodate and employ the “automated” technology，were often undervalued or even invisible.
The important thing to understand is that the current deskilling and devaluing of labor isn’t because the robots are coming for us—it’s cultural.As jobs get disrupted and people’s livelihoods are threatened，it’s easy to point fingers at technology as the unavoidable reason，whether you’re an expert or an employer.But what is actually to blame is a society that is willing to let workers be mistreated.It’s a big thing to change，but it’s not set in stone.And that’s the real “robots and jobs” conversation we need to be having.
5.What does the underlined word “slashed” in paragraph 1 mean
A.Created. B.Improved.
C.Reduced. D.Removed.
词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“But he is also wanted—at a small amount of his normal rate—to ‘rewrite’ the AI-generated text.”可知，技术减少了他的薪水，因此slash的意思是“减少”，和reduce意思相近，故选C。
解析
√
6.What did Mateescu and Elish find
A.Automated technology was taking away almost all jobs.
B.New advanced devices were being integrated in various jobs.
C.Humans were still needed to take care of AI-generated problems.
D.Humans couldn’t understand the real value in their own jobs.
√
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“For example，automated checkout machines kept employees busy，because they were assisting confused customers，troubleshooting machines，and taking on other tasks to ensure their smooth operation in the store.”可知，Mateescu和Elish发现人类仍然需要处理人工智能产生的问题。故选C。
解析
7.What’s the main cause of the deskilling and devaluing of labor
A.The introduction of robots.
B.The nature of jobs.
C.The change of workers.
D.The attitude to labor.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The important thing to understand is that the current deskilling and devaluing of labor isn’t because the robots are coming for us—it’s cultural.”和“But what is actually to blame is a society that is willing to let workers be mistreated.”可知，劳动力低技能化和贬值的主要原因是社会对待劳动的态度。故选D。
解析
8.What’s the best title for the text
A.Work Gets Deskilled by Robots
B.Robots Aren’t Coming for Our Jobs
C.A Promising Future：Humans and Robots
D.A Wanted Conversation：Humans and Robots
√
标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第二段末句和第三段第二句可知，本文主要论述的是人工智能对未来工作的影响——它不会夺走我们的工作，而是会改变工作的性质，因此最好的题目是B选项(机器人不会抢走我们的工作)。故选B。
解析
1.release vt.&n.排放；释放；发布
2.complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的
3.counter to与……相反
4.invisible adj.看不见的；无形的→visible adj.看得见的；可见的→visibility n.能见度；可见性
词汇积累
1.This is not the first time that technology has slashed salaries instead of jobs，and the real problem is not AI.
分析：此句包含句型：That/This/It is the first time that...(that从句用现在完成时)；That/This/It was the first time that...(that从句用过去完成时)
翻译：技术大幅度削减了工资却没有完全取代人的工作，这不是第一次了，真正的问题并不是人工智能。
句式分析
2.Counter to the popular belief that the technology was reducing the need for human labor，researchers Alexandra Mateescu and Madeleine Clare Elish discovered that introducing new devices was mostly changing the nature of the work.
分析：此句为复合句。句中第一个that引导同位语从句，解释说明belief的内容；第二个that引导宾语从句。
翻译：与人们普遍认为这项技术减少了对人力需求的想法相反，研究人员亚历山德拉·马泰斯库和玛德琳·克莱尔·埃利什发现，引入新设备主要是在改变工作的性质。
(2024·浙江杭州高二上期末)
In a world where technology is king，hardly does a day go by without the launch of some “world-changing” product in the field of alternate reality.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了AR(增强现实)和VR(虚拟现实)的相同点和不同点。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
A.VR can be interactive or non-interactive.
B.In fact，it adds to reality with digital images.
C.In short，at the heart of VR and AR are two very similar technologies.
D.However，they have already begun to shake things up in the gaming world.
E.For example，it can make users feel as if they are falling，thereby igniting fear.
F.They would see computer-made images as an overlay to what they see in
real life.
G.It is also getting increasingly difficult to keep up with the “R”s that have
come into existence.
1 These include VR，AR，MR，XR and the list goes on.
√
根据本段上下文可知，此处承接上文，说明跟上科技进步很困难，因为新科技产品不断在出现，并对应下文列举的带有“R”的单词。G选项“跟上已经出现的这些‘R’的步伐也变得越来越困难”切题。故选G。
解析
Many people confuse augmented reality (AR) with virtual reality (VR)，and understandably so.Both AR and VR offer alternate or altered reality experiences and as a result，it is easy for users to be attracted and wonder what is real and what is not.
2 Both aim to provide an enhanced or enriched experience to users，most commonly used in the gaming scene，but also increasingly used in other areas.
A.VR can be interactive or non-interactive.
B.In fact，it adds to reality with digital images.
C.In short，at the heart of VR and AR are two very similar technologies.
D.However，they have already begun to shake things up in the gaming world.
E.For example，it can make users feel as if they are falling，thereby igniting fear.
F.They would see computer-made images as an overlay to what they see in real life.
G.It is also getting increasingly difficult to keep up with the “R”s that have come
into existence.
√
根据下文“Both aim to provide an enhanced or enriched experience to users，most commonly used in the gaming scene，but also increasingly used in other areas.”可知，VR和AR技术很相似。C选项“简而言之，VR和AR的核心是两种非常相似的技术”切题。故选C。
解析
However，AR and VR can be quite different in many ways.The main difference lies in the mode of delivery.Simply put，VR “transports” the user to another world，by “replacing” the real world with a virtual substitute most commonly done through helmets or goggles to completely immerse the gamer in a different reality. 3
A.VR can be interactive or non-interactive.
B.In fact，it adds to reality with digital images.
C.In short，at the heart of VR and AR are two very similar technologies.
D.However，they have already begun to shake things up in the gaming world.
E.For example，it can make users feel as if they are falling，thereby igniting fear.
F.They would see computer-made images as an overlay to what they see in real life.
G.It is also getting increasingly difficult to keep up with the “R”s that have come into
existence.
√
根据上文“Simply put，VR ‘transports’ the user to another world，by ‘replacing’ the real world with a virtual substitute most commonly done through helmets or goggles to completely immerse the gamer in a different reality.”可知，此处承接上文，具体举例说明VR的特点。E选项“例如，它可以让用户感觉自己好像在坠落，从而引发恐惧”切题。故选E。
解析
AR，however，does not change the entire landscape of what users see. 4 While AR may be less immersive than VR，the success of games which use AR is proof that it can be just as or even more entertaining than VR games.Moreover，since AR does not require the use of goggles or helmets，it is more accessible.
A.VR can be interactive or non-interactive.
B.In fact，it adds to reality with digital images.
C.In short，at the heart of VR and AR are two very similar technologies.
D.However，they have already begun to shake things up in the gaming world.
E.For example，it can make users feel as if they are falling，thereby igniting fear.
F.They would see computer-made images as an overlay to what they see in real life.
G.It is also getting increasingly difficult to keep up with the “R”s that have come into
existence.
√
根据上文“AR，however，does not change the entire landscape of what users see.”可知，此处承接上文说明实际的情况。B选项“事实上，它通过数字图像增强了现实”切题。故选B。
解析
VR and AR are both powerful technologies which are still relatively new to many consumers. 5 They can completely change how we use our electronic devices in the future，but whether one will edge out the other is anyone’s guess.
A.VR can be interactive or non-interactive.
B.In fact，it adds to reality with digital images.
C.In short，at the heart of VR and AR are two very similar technologies.
D.However，they have already begun to shake things up in the gaming world.
E.For example，it can make users feel as if they are falling，thereby igniting fear.
F.They would see computer-made images as an overlay to what they see in real life.
G.It is also getting increasingly difficult to keep up with the “R”s that have come into
existence.
√
根据本段上下文可知，此处与上文为转折关系，说明虽然VR和AR对很多消费者来说还很陌生，但它们已经开始产生影响。D选项“然而，它们已经开始撼动游戏世界”切题。故选D。
解析
From robots delivering coffee to office chairs rearranging 1.___________(they) after a meeting，a smart city project in China aims to put artificial intelligence 2.___ charge.
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一个完全由人工智能管理的智慧城市项目“云谷”。
Ⅴ.语法填空
themselves
1.考查代词。根据空前的office chairs可推知，此处用themselves“它们自己”，作rearranging的宾语。故填themselves。
2.考查介词。put...in charge为固定短语，意为“让……负责”。故填in。
解析
in
In 2020，Danish architecture firm BIG and Chinese tech company Terminus 3._________(discuss) plans to build an AI-run campus-style development in the southwestern Chinese city of Chongqing during 4.___ online global tech conference.
discussed
an
3.考查动词时态。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语In 2020可知，句子在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填discussed。
4.考查冠词。此处泛指“一次在线全球科技会议”，应用不定冠词，且online的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
解析
The project,5.________(name) Cloud Valley，plans to use sensors and wi-fi-connected devices to gather data on everything from weather and pollution to people’s eating habits to meet residents’ needs 6._____________(automatic)，said Terminus.
named
automatically
5.考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处是非谓语动词，作The project的后置定语，name和The project是逻辑上的被动关系，且动作当时已完成，应用name的过去分词形式。故填named。
6.考查副词。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词meet，应用automatic的副词形式automatically，意为“自动地”。故填automatically。
解析
Cities around the world are racing to embrace technology to improve urban life by collecting data to address problems like traffic jams and crime.More than 500 smart cities are being built across China 7._____________(promote) growth in a global economic downturn.
to promote
考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作句子的目的状语，表示“为了……”，应用不定式形式。故填to promote。
解析
The city，which includes offices，homes，public spaces and self-driving cars 8.__________ move around under the watchful eye of AI，is due for completion in a few years，according to Terminus.
that/which
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词self-driving cars，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
解析
Yet，like other smart cities，its tech-driven approach has raised privacy concerns.
“Isn’t all of this a little 9._______________(frighten)？” asked a conference-goer.Another attendee said smart cities risked becoming a threat to human rights if 10.___________(company) and governments didn’t take steps to limit surveillance(监视) and ensure inclusivity.
frightening
companies
9.考查形容词。分析句子可知，空处作句子的表语，且此处表示“令人害怕的”。故填frightening。
10.考查名词复数。分析句子可知，空处和governments并列，作if引导的条件状语从句的主语，空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词company“公司”应用复数形式。故填companies。
解析
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