资源简介

Period 2　Learning About Language
阅读以下短文，感知每句话，完成下面的练习：
①Tom’s spending most of his time searching for information on the Internet each day made his parents worried.In his father’s opinion，②sitting in front of a computer did great harm to his son’s health.However，he found that ③it was no use advising Tom to spend less time on the Internet，for he wouldn’t listen.④Being forced to change his job by his parents made Tom quite annoyed.At last Tom said that he was fond of it and ⑤staying up late had become his habit.
In my opinion，it is not wise to spend too much time on the Internet.⑥Not having a rest regularly will be harmful to our health while working at the computer.In addition，⑦setting aside some time to relax is also very important.
1．标注序号的句子中都是动词-ing形式短语作主语，表示经常性、习惯性的动作。单个-ing形式(短语)作主语时，谓语动词应该用单数形式。
2．句③中it是形式主语，而动词-ing形式短语是真正的主语。
3．①②③⑤⑥⑦是动词-ing形式的主动形式，其中①是动名词的复合结构作主语，其结构是one’s doing；⑥是动词-ing形式的否定形式，其结构是not doing；④是动名词的被动语态，其结构是being done。
1．动词-ing形式作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首；单个的动词-ing形式(短语)作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
Wasting a person’s time is the same as killing him for his property.
浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。
His being admitted to a key university made his parents quite excited.
他被一所重点大学录取使他父母非常激动。
Not finishing my task on time made my head teacher disappointed.
没有按时完成任务让我的班主任很失望。
[点津]　(1)意义不同的两个动词-ing形式并列作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
Listening to English songs and watching English films are good ways to improve English.
听英文歌曲和看英文电影是提高英语的好方法。
(2)不定式作主语时往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。
To lie to her is wrong.对她撒谎不对。
2．it代替动词-ing形式作主语
it作形式主语代替动词-ing形式的常用句型有：
(1)It is/feels funny doing sth.做某事(感觉)很有趣。
It is useless doing sth.做某事无用。
It is worthwhile/worth doing sth.
做某事是值得的。
(2)It’s a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间。
(3)It’s no good/no use/no fun doing sth.做某事没好处/没用/没趣。
It is worthwhile/worth reading such a wonderful novel.这么好的小说值得一读。
It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。
It’s no use complaining without taking action.不行动只抱怨是没有用的。
[点津]　不定式作主语时，也可用it充当形式主语。如：
It’s not easy to learn a foreign language well.
学好一门外语不容易。
It’s difficult for us to finish the work in a week.
对我们来说，一周之内完成这项工作很困难。
3．动词-ing的复合结构作主语
动词-ing的复合结构作主语的构成：名词所有格或形容词性物主代词＋动词-ing。
His son’s winning first prize made him quite proud.
他儿子赢得一等奖使他非常骄傲。
His coming made me quite glad and we chatted excitedly for over an hour.
他的到来让我非常高兴，我们兴奋地聊了一个多小时。
4．特殊结构
(1)用于布告形式的省略结构中。
No smoking！(＝ Smoking is not allowed here！) 禁止吸烟！
No littering！禁止乱丢垃圾！
(2)当句型“There is no...”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时，需用动词-ing形式作主语。
There is no denying that the environment is from bad to worse.
不可否认环境状况正在逐步恶化。
There is no joking about such matters.
这种事开不得玩笑。
[即时训练]
①Lying(lie) on the beach in summer really makes us feel relaxed mentally.
②It is no use waiting(wait) here for a long time because he won’t come tonight.
③It is a waste of time trying(try) to persuade him to give up his former plan.
④Being commanded(command) to do this job made me in low spirits.
⑤As is known to us，eating and sleeping are(be) both vital for our health.
⑥It is crucial for us to revise(revise) regularly what we have learnt in class.
⑦汤姆来帮忙对我们是一个很大的鼓励。
Tom’s coming to help was a great encouragement to us.
⑧他没有每天早晨读英语使他几乎没有进步。
His not reading English every morning enabled him to make little progress.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It is no use advocating(advocate) such a life in a remote village.
2．To be honest，his opposing(oppose) my plan made me frustrated and disappointed.
3．It is acknowledged that swimming is(be) a rewarding sport in summer.
4．Since then，finding(find) superb ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.
5．Being banned(ban) from going outside made me live a miserable life.
6．It’s fun spending(spend) the holiday in this entertaining theme park.
7．It is well worth cycling(cycle) along the route，which will reward you with breathtaking sights.
8．It is significant for us to use(use) clone and artificial intelligence in a proper way.
Ⅱ.完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用本单元语法
随着晚会的进行，话题转到了即将到来的节日。毫无疑问谈论圣诞节使每个人异常激动。然而，身处一个新的环境使Kelly陷入完全的沉默中，一种失落感悄悄向她袭来。Jennifer意识到发生了什么，这驱使她问道：“Kelly，泰国人这个时候庆祝什么？”其他孩子非常好奇地盯着她。“为感谢水妈妈而庆祝一个大型的节日是我们通常所做的。”Jennifer想出一个好主意，她的眼睛闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 “对我们来说一起体验这个美丽的节日是容易的。”被朋友帮助使Kelly感动得哭了，她的孤独感消失了。
With the party going on，the talk turned to the coming festivals.1.There is no denying that talking about Christmas made everyone extremely excited.However,2.being in a new environment made Kelly in total silence，a sense of loss creeping up on her.3. Jennifer’s being aware of what happened drove her to ask，“Kelly，what do Thai people celebrate at this time？” The other kids all stared at her with overwhelming curiosity.“4.Celebrating a grand festival to thank the Mother of Water is what we usually do.” A good idea occurred to Jennifer，with her eyes twinkling with excitement.“It is easy for us 5.to experience the beautiful festival together.” 6.Being helped by her friends made Kelly moved to tears and her sense of loneliness melted away.
作业2　Learning About Language
[分值：83.5分]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共8小题；每小题1.5分，满分12分)
1．Listening(listen) to joyful music will lift our spirits.
2．It is not easy for the man to obtain(obtain) a lot of knowledge.
3．Keep in mind that it is no good memorizing(memorize) these phrases without understanding.
4．It is necessary for us to form(form) a good habit when we’re young.
5．It is worthwhile having/to have(have) a try even if you may fail in the semi-final.
6．Travelling along the old Silk Road is (be) an interesting and rewarding experience.
7．It was due to Jane’s being(be) careless that caused so much trouble.
8．Being brought(bring) up in a poor family made Tom very hard-working when he studied at school.
Ⅱ.完成句子(动词-ing作主语)(共8小题；每小题3分，满分24分)
1．许多学生在即将到来的高考前的焦虑使家长和老师都非常担心。
Many students’ being anxious before the upcoming college entrance examination makes both parents and teachers extremely concerned.
2．不可否认的是：经常锻炼和保持均衡的饮食对我们的健康非常有益处。
There is no denying that exercising regularly and keeping a balanced diet are of great benefit to our health.
3．在森林里迷路使得简后悔与她的丈夫吵架。
Being lost in the forest made Jane regret quarrelling with her husband.
4．和Bernard一起制作爆米花是帮助他摆脱困境的好方法。
Making popcorn together with Bernard was a splendid way to help him out of the difficulty.
5．被允许独自做饭使我很激动。
Being allowed to cook on my own makes me more than excited.
6．不知道下一步做什么使杰克不知所措。
Not knowing what to do next made Jack at a loss.
7．每天用英语写日记是一种提高书面英语的好方法。
Keeping diaries in English every day is a good way to improve written English.
8．了解一点唐朝历史有助于你更好地理解唐诗。
Knowing a little about the history of the Tang Dynasty can help you have a better understanding of Tang poetry.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Scream if you want to charge your phone.Thanks to the wonders of science，riders on Thorpe Park’s new attraction，a roller coaster called The Walking Dead，can now power their smart phones by screaming loudly.That’s because there are devices on it that “harvest kinetic energy(动能)”．The park conducted research which shows that people’s biggest fear is their phones running out of battery，so the device should prove popular.
All of the Walking Dead’s carriages have been fitted with the harvesting devices，which not only harvest the energy of screams，but that from g-force and vibrations(震动) of the ride，too.It is stored in a power management unit.The unit is then removed from the carriages by staff and deposited into an on-site mobile charging point where ride goers will charge their devices.The 188mm×188mm×67mm energy harvester is jet black，blending into its dark and mysterious surroundings on the roller coaster themed around the global TV shows.
Thorpe Park said：“If thrill-seekers are brave enough to open their eyes，they will see a set of LED lights in blood red powering up as guests’ screams become louder...throughout the 90-second experience.”
Designed and installed by researchers at Queen Mary University of London and the engineering team at Thorpe Park Resort，the technology took three months to be carried out，from design to installation.It will be available at the theme park for an initial trial period.
Thorpe Park Resort’s John Burton，who came up with the ride concept，said，“The Walking Dead’s ride is 15 out of 10 on the scare factor scale，so it makes sense to be able to combine and use the power of our visitors’ screams and the ride’s vibrations to help solve a problem each and every one of us faces—losing the charge on our mobiles when we’re on a day out.”
Dr Joe Briscoe，School of Engineering and Materials Science at Queen Mary University of London，said，“This is an exciting concept that will undoubtedly be used more frequently in the future.The system uses a mini energy harvester to capture the kinetic energy，transferring it to a separate electrical circuit and storage unit，which is enough to charge a mobile phone.”
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项技术——英国索普公园通过收集游客尖叫产生的声能和过山车滑行产生的重力及震动的能量来方便游客给手机充电。
1．Where could ride goers easily get their phones charged in Thorpe Park
A．At the carriage.
B．At the charging point.
C．At the LED light.
D．At the energy harvester.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“...and deposited into an on-site mobile charging point where ride goers will charge their devices.”可知，乘客可以在充电点给手机充电，故选B。
2．Why does John Burton consider the concept workable
A．Because a mini energy harvester is applied.
B．Because The Walking Dead is most frightening.
C．Because the park has quite a number of scary rides.
D．Because almost everyone is faced with power failure.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，游乐园里有很多惊吓系数很高的游乐设施，这样游客的尖叫声就会和游乐设施的震动结合起来产生能量来为手机充电，故选C。
3．What’s Dr Joe Briscoe’s attitude toward the technology
A．Favorable. B．Doubtful.
C．Neutral. D．Disapproving.
答案　A
解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Dr Joe Briscoe...said，‘This is an exciting concept that will undoubtedly be used more frequently in the future...’”可知，乔·布里斯科博士对这项技术的前景很乐观，应该是支持这项技术，故选A。
4．What’s the main idea of the text
A．A new battery for powering your phone is invented.
B．The traditional way of charging your phone is on the way out.
C．Visitors’ scream in Thorpe Park can be used to charge the phone.
D．The most effective way of charging your phone has been found in Thorpe Park.
答案　C
解析　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段内容可知，本文介绍了一项技术——英国索普公园通过收集游客尖叫产生的声能和过山车滑行产生的重力及震动的能量来方便游客给手机充电。故选C。
B(此篇精读)
Yellowstone National Park withdrew more than 10,000 visitors after a flash flood hit the park.Houses，roads and bridges were washed away，and the park’s gateway communities were cut off from roads.Even though scientists and land managers are caught off guard by the flood，unseen in 100 years of recorded history，they recognize the similarities between the situation their data predicted and the flood.They just didn’t expect the flood would occur this year.
While it will take more research to confirm if climate change made this flood event more extreme，the 2021 Greater Yellowstone Climate Assessment predicts significant changes in precipitation(降水)，including when it will arrive and what forms it will take.Scientists expect more spring rain and less winter snow.The assessment also predicts increasing annual precipitation in Yellowstone National Park.
Changes have been already documented in the assessment.Since 1950，spring precipitation in the region has increased by 17－23 percent in April and May.Snowfall has dwindled even as overall annual precipitation has increased.That means rather than slowly increasing meltwater flowing to valleys during the summer months，rain tends to combine with melting snow，causing riskier events like the recent flood.
June precipitation this year is now at more than 400 percent above average in the parts of Montana and Wyoming that include Yellowstone National Park.And as temperatures rise，these rain-on-snow events are projected to become more frequent at higher elevations(海拔) in western North America，while lower snowpack will make them less frequent at low elevations.
Bruce Stein，chief scientist of the National Wildlife Federation，said several years ago，when he trained Yellowstone employees for climate planning，they focused on the features that drew visitors to the park—like bison and wolves.Roads，bridges，and houses being washed away were out of their consideration.“I think it’s urgent and necessary for the park to look ahead to plan for different situations that could possibly happen as the climate changes，” said Stein.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国黄石国家公园遭遇百年不遇的洪水，给公园造成极大破坏，并阐释了这种现象产生的可能原因。
5．What can we learn about the flood
A．It’s the most destructive in history.
B．It has been predicted with certainty.
C．It was worsened by changes in the weather.
D．It’s partly in line with scientists’ expectations.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的“...they recognize the similarities between the situation their data predicted and the flood.They just didn’t expect the flood would occur this year.”可知，科学家们发现这次洪灾与他们之前通过数据预测的情况有一定的相似性，他们只是没预料到今年会发生洪水。由此可知，这次洪灾在一定程度上符合科学家的预期。故选D。
6．What does the underlined word “dwindled” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Varied. B．Balanced.
C．Doubled. D．Reduced.
答案　D
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“That means rather than slowly increasing meltwater flowing to valleys during the summer months，rain tends to combine with melting snow”可知，这意味着，在夏季的几个月里，不是缓慢增加的雪融水流到山谷中，而是降雨与融化的雪水结合在一起。再结合第二段中的“Scientists expect more spring rain and less winter snow.”可知，画线词所在句表示在全年降水量增加的同时，降雪量却在减少。画线词意为“减少”，故选D。
7．What does Stein think the park should do next
A．Take preventative measures.
B．Rebuild damaged structures.
C．Focus on its attractive features.
D．Receive training in climate planning.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Stein所说的话“I think it’s urgent and necessary for the park to look ahead to plan for different situations that could possibly happen as the climate changes”可知，Stein认为黄石国家公园必须向前看，为气候变化可能引发的不同情况做好计划，这是非常紧迫和必要的。也就是说，黄石国家公园应该做到防患于未然。故选A。
8．Which is the best title of the text
A．Yellowstone Area：Is It More at Risk of Flood
B．Yellowstone Flooding：Why Does It Happen Now
C．Climate Planning：Why Is It Important to Yellowstone
D．Climate Change：Does It Mean More Rain for Yellowstone
答案　B
解析　标题归纳题。综观全文可知，文章前两段提到黄石国家公园遭遇百年不遇的洪水，给公园造成极大破坏，虽然评估报告预测黄石国家公园的降雨量会增加，但是科学家们没料到今年会发生洪水。第三至五段重点阐释了这种现象产生的可能原因，如降雨量增加而降雪量减少、公园的气候规划不完善等。因此B项“黄石洪水：为什么现在发生？”为最佳标题。故选B。
[词汇积累] 1．withdraw v．撤离 2．assess v．评价，评定→assessment n．评估，评价 3．project熟义：n.项目；计划；专题研究　生义(文义)：v.预计 [句式分析] And as temperatures rise，these rain-on-snow events are projected to become more frequent at higher elevations in western North America，while lower snowpack will make them less frequent at low elevations. 分析：此句为并列复合句。as引导时间状语从句；while 意为“然而”，引导并列句。 翻译：随着气温的升高，预计在北美西部的高海拔地区，这些雨雪事件将变得更加频繁，而在低海拔地区，积雪减少将使它们发生的频率降低。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Are you looking for a way to connect with nature but not knowing how to do that when you live in the city Here are a few ways to live in harmony with nature and reduce your pressure.
Go on a wildlife walk.
There’s lots of urban wildlife for you to discover，so you can reach out to your city park departments to get some valuable information. 1 A wildlife walk is one of the easiest ways to connect with nature because it helps you to realize that you’re surrounded by nature.
　2　
Nothing will make you feel as closely connected with the earth as walking without shoes on grass for a couple of minutes.This very direct connection with nature will make you realize that you’re part of the huge world，helping you to relax and feel calmer.
Attract nature yourself.
One of the best ways to connect with nature is to make it come to you. 3 You can also fill some tubs(盆) with flowers to attract butterflies.Create a friendly place for nature and you’re sure to attract all kinds of beings passing close to your home.
Create a small garden.
Plants and flowers are part of nature as well and even the tiniest amount of space can be turned into a beautiful garden.If you’ve got a balcony(阳台)，fill it with pots full of flowers. 4 Imagine how satisfying it would be to share them with your friends and family.
Use these tips for connecting with nature and living a more comfortable life in a big city. 5
A．Have a walk in a park.
B．Take off your shoes and walk barefoot(赤脚地)．
C．You can grow your own vegetables on it as well.
D．You can put a bird feeder(喂食器) on your balcony or by your window.
E．Meantime，this is an excellent method of improving your health and well-being.
F．They often offer guided walks to help you enjoy the natural beauty in your cities.
G．It’s a different way of experiencing nature helping you to enjoy it from a different viewpoint.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生活在城市里亲近大自然、与大自然和谐相处的四条建议。
1．答案　F
解析　根据段落标题“Go on a wildlife walk.”可知，本段建议在散步时观察野生动物，空前“you can reach out to your city park departments to get some valuable information”说明你可以从城市公园管理部门获取一些有效信息，F项“他们通常提供一些有向导的徒步，帮你享受你所在城市的自然之美”承接上文，符合题意。F项中的They指代上文中的“your city park departments”。故选F。
2．答案　B
解析　空格处为段落标题。根据下文“Nothing will make you feel as closely connected with the earth as walking without shoes on grass for a couple of minutes.”可知，本段建议在草地上脱下鞋子赤脚行走，B项中的“walk barefoot(赤脚地)”呼应下文。故选B。
3．答案　D
解析　上文“One of the best ways to connect with nature is to make it come to you.”说明接近自然的最好方法之一是让自然来到你身边，下文“You can also fill some tubs(盆) with flowers to attract butterflies.”提出另一项建议，即用花填满花盆来吸引蝴蝶，因此推断空格处应该也是提出一项建议，D项“你可以在阳台上或窗户边放一个喂鸟器”符合语境。故选D。
4．答案　C
解析　上文“If you’ve got a balcony(阳台)，fill it with pots full of flowers.”提到种植一些花，又因下文的them可知，空格处应该代表种植某种植物，结合选项可知，C项“你也可以在阳台上自己种蔬菜”符合语境，vegetables和flowers相对应，故选C。
5．答案　E
解析　空格处是最后一句，根据上文“Use these tips for connecting with nature and living a more comfortable life in a big city.”可知，应该填写一句总结性的话，E项“同时，这是改善你的健康和幸福感的一个极好的方法”符合语境，选项中的this指代“connecting with nature”，符合首尾呼应的原则，故选E。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
An English teacher from New Zealand recently explored the beautiful countryside of Baoding in North China’s Hebei Province by cycling with his family.
Along with more than 100 cycling enthusiasts，Robert John Murray and his family took part 1.___________ the “Riding in Baoding” event on Saturday，experiencing the natural beauty，rich culture and prosperity of rural areas in Baoding 2. (locate) about 150 kilometres southwest of downtown Beijing.
“I 3. (be) in Baoding for almost 10 years and have witnessed the rapid development here，especially in the rural areas 4. people are kind and happily living a well-off life，” said the 56-year-old Robert.
Robert came to Baoding in 2015 and has worked at Hebei Finance University as 5.________ English teacher.During his time in Baoding，he has enjoyed participating in 6.__________(variety) activities to immerse(使沉浸) himself in Chinese culture.Exploring traditional Chinese medicine,7._________(celebrate) a special Mid-Autumn Festival，and discovering the innovative progress of China’s textile industry were activities that attracted him a lot.
For this time，Robert and his family rode along the countryside roads，making stops along the way from time to time 8. enjoying magnificent views over the open countryside.
The activities include exploring the 9. (countryside) natural beauty，visiting historical sites，uncovering village 10. (story) and sampling local delicacies，showcasing the unique features and charm of the beautiful countryside and achievements of rural revitalization(振兴)．
语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道，文章讲述了一位来自新西兰的英语老师和家人一起骑自行车游览河北省保定市美丽乡村的故事。
1．答案　in
解析　考查介词。固定短语take part in意为“参加”，故填in。
2．答案　located
解析　考查形容词。此处意为“坐落在，位于”，使用形容词作后置定语，故填located。
3．答案　have been
解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据“for almost 10 years”可知，句子使用现在完成时，主语是I，助动词使用have，故填have been。
4．答案　where
解析　考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词是rural areas，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，使用关系副词where引导，故填where。
5．答案　an
解析　考查冠词。teacher是可数名词，此处泛指“一位英语老师”，使用不定冠词修饰，且English的发音是以元音音素开头，故填an。
6．答案　various/varied
解析　考查形容词。空处修饰名词activities，使用形容词作定语。故填various/varied。
7．答案　celebrating
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，“Exploring traditional Chinese medicine， (celebrate) a special Mid-Autumn Festival，and discovering the innovative progress of China’s textile industry”在句中作主语，设空处与exploring和discovering是三个并列的动名词。故填celebrating。
8．答案　and
解析　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，making和enjoying为现在分词作伴随状语，是并列结构。故填and。
9．答案　countryside’s
解析　考查名词所有格。此处指“乡村的自然美景”，使用名词所有格形式修饰beauty，故填countryside’s。
10．答案　stories
解析　考查名词复数。乡村故事应不止一个，故此处使用名词复数形式，故填stories。(共72张PPT)
Period 2
Learning About Language
Fascinating parks
Unit 3
内容索引
情境导读
语法精讲
作业2
达标检测
情境导读
阅读以下短文，感知每句话，完成下面的练习：
①Tom’s spending most of his time searching for information on the Internet each day made his parents worried.In his father’s opinion，②sitting in front of a computer did great harm to his son’s health.However，he found that ③it was no use advising Tom to spend less time on the Internet，for he wouldn’t listen.④Being forced to change his job by his parents made Tom quite annoyed.At last Tom said that he was fond of it and ⑤staying up late had become his habit.
In my opinion，it is not wise to spend too much time on the Internet.⑥Not having a rest regularly will be harmful to our health while working at the computer.In addition，⑦setting aside some time to relax is also very important.
1.标注序号的句子中都是动词-ing形式短语作_____，表示经常性、习惯性的动作。单个-ing形式(短语)作主语时，谓语动词应该用_____形式。
2.句③中it是_________，而 是真正的主语。
3.①②③⑤⑥⑦是动词-ing形式的_____形式，其中①是动名词的复合结构作主语，其结构是___________；⑥是动词-ing形式的_____形式，其结构是__________；④是动名词的_____语态，其结构是___________。
主语
单数
形式主语
主动
返 回
one’s doing
否定
not doing
被动
being done
动词-ing形式短语
语法精讲
1.动词-ing形式作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首；单个的动词-ing形式(短语)作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
Wasting a person’s time is the same as killing him for his property.
浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。
His being admitted to a key university made his parents quite excited.
他被一所重点大学录取使他父母非常激动。
Not finishing my task on time made my head teacher disappointed.
没有按时完成任务让我的班主任很失望。
[点津]　(1)意义不同的两个动词-ing形式并列作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
Listening to English songs and watching English films are good ways to improve English.
听英文歌曲和看英文电影是提高英语的好方法。
(2)不定式作主语时往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。
To lie to her is wrong.对她撒谎不对。
2.it代替动词-ing形式作主语
it作形式主语代替动词-ing形式的常用句型有：
(1)It is/feels funny doing sth.做某事(感觉)很有趣。
It is useless doing sth.做某事无用。
It is worthwhile/worth doing sth.
做某事是值得的。
(2)It’s a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间。
(3)It’s no good/no use/no fun doing sth.做某事没好处/没用/没趣。
It is worthwhile/worth reading such a wonderful novel.这么好的小说值得一读。
It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。
It’s no use complaining without taking action.不行动只抱怨是没有用的。
[点津]　不定式作主语时，也可用it充当形式主语。如：
It’s not easy to learn a foreign language well.
学好一门外语不容易。
It’s difficult for us to finish the work in a week.
对我们来说，一周之内完成这项工作很困难。
3.动词-ing的复合结构作主语
动词-ing的复合结构作主语的构成：名词所有格或形容词性物主代词＋动词-ing。
His son’s winning first prize made him quite proud.
他儿子赢得一等奖使他非常骄傲。
His coming made me quite glad and we chatted excitedly for over an hour.
他的到来让我非常高兴，我们兴奋地聊了一个多小时。
4.特殊结构
(1)用于布告形式的省略结构中。
No smoking！(＝ Smoking is not allowed here！) 禁止吸烟！
No littering！禁止乱丢垃圾！
(2)当句型“There is no...”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时，需用动词-ing形式作主语。
There is no denying that the environment is from bad to worse.
不可否认环境状况正在逐步恶化。
There is no joking about such matters.
这种事开不得玩笑。
[即时训练]
①_____(lie) on the beach in summer really makes us feel relaxed mentally.
②It is no use ________(wait) here for a long time because he won’t come tonight.
③It is a waste of time ______(try) to persuade him to give up his former plan.
④__________________(command) to do this job made me in low spirits.
⑤As is known to us，eating and sleeping ___(be) both vital for our health.
⑥It is crucial for us __________(revise) regularly what we have learnt in class.
Lying
waiting
trying
Being commanded
are
to revise
⑦汤姆来帮忙对我们是一个很大的鼓励。
____________________ was a great encouragement to us.
⑧他没有每天早晨读英语使他几乎没有进步。
_____________________________________ enabled him to make little progress.
Tom’s coming to help
His not reading English every morning
返 回
达标检测
1.It is no use ___________(advocate) such a life in a remote village.
2.To be honest，his _________(oppose) my plan made me frustrated and disappointed.
3.It is acknowledged that swimming ___(be) a rewarding sport in summer.
4.Since then，_________(find) superb ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.
5._____________(ban) from going outside made me live a miserable life.
6.It’s fun _________(spend) the holiday in this entertaining theme park.
advocating
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
opposing
is
finding
Being banned
spending
7.It is well worth _________(cycle) along the route，which will reward you with breathtaking sights.
8.It is significant for us _______(use) clone and artificial intelligence in a proper way.
cycling
to use
随着晚会的进行，话题转到了即将到来的节日。毫无疑问谈论圣诞节使每个人异常激动。然而，身处一个新的环境使Kelly陷入完全的沉默中，一种失落感悄悄向她袭来。
With the party going on，the talk turned to the coming festivals.
1._______________________________________________ made everyone extremely excited.However,2.__________________________ made Kelly in total silence，a sense of loss creeping up on her.
Ⅱ.完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用本单元语法
There is no denying that talking about Christmas
being in a new environment
Jennifer意识到发生了什么，这驱使她问道：“Kelly，泰国人这个时候庆祝什么？”其他孩子非常好奇地盯着她。“为感谢水妈妈而庆祝一个大型的节日是我们通常所做的。”
3._____________________________________ drove her to ask，“Kelly，what do Thai people celebrate at this time？” The other kids all stared at her with overwhelming curiosity.“4.________________________________ the Mother of Water is what we usually do.”
Jennifer’s being aware of what happened
Celebrating a grand festival to thank
Jennifer想出一个好主意，她的眼睛闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 “对我们来说一起体验这个美丽的节日是容易的。”被朋友帮助使Kelly感动得哭了，她的孤独感消失了。
A good idea occurred to Jennifer，with her eyes twinkling with excitement.“It is easy for us 5._____________________________________.” 6._________________________ made Kelly moved to tears and her sense of loneliness melted away.
返 回
to experience the beautiful festival together
Being helped by her friends
作业2
1._________(listen) to joyful music will lift our spirits.
2.It is not easy for the man ________(obtain) a lot of knowledge.
3.Keep in mind that it is no good ____________(memorize) these phrases without understanding.
4.It is necessary for us ________(form) a good habit when we’re young.
5.It is worthwhile ______________(have) a try even if you may fail in the semi-final.
Listening
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
to obtain
memorizing
to form
having/to have
6.Travelling along the old Silk Road ___(be) an interesting and rewarding experience.
7.It was due to Jane’s ______(be) careless that caused so much trouble.
8.______________(bring) up in a poor family made Tom very hard-working when he studied at school.
is
being
Being brought
1.许多学生在即将到来的高考前的焦虑使家长和老师都非常担心。
___________________________________________________________________________ makes both parents and teachers extremely concerned.
2.不可否认的是：经常锻炼和保持均衡的饮食对我们的健康非常有益处。
There is no denying that _________________________________________
_______________________ our health.
3.在森林里迷路使得简后悔与她的丈夫吵架。
_____________________ made Jane regret quarrelling with her husband.
Ⅱ.完成句子
Being lost in the forest
Many students’ being anxious before the upcoming college entrance examination
exercising regularly and keeping a balanced diet are of great benefit to
4.和Bernard一起制作爆米花是帮助他摆脱困境的好方法。
____________________________________ was a splendid way to help him out of the difficulty.
5.被允许独自做饭使我很激动。
______________________________ makes me more than excited.
6.不知道下一步做什么使杰克不知所措。
__________________________ made Jack at a loss.
Making popcorn together with Bernard
Being allowed to cook on my own
Not knowing what to do next
7.每天用英语写日记是一种提高书面英语的好方法。
__________________________________ is a good way to improve written English.
8.了解一点唐朝历史有助于你更好地理解唐诗。
________________________________________________ can help you have a better understanding of Tang poetry.
Keeping diaries in English every day
Knowing a little about the history of the Tang Dynasty
A
Scream if you want to charge your phone.Thanks to the wonders of science，riders on Thorpe Park’s new attraction，a roller coaster called The Walking Dead，can now power their smart phones by screaming loudly.That’s because there are devices on it that “harvest kinetic energy(动能)”.The park conducted research which shows that people’s biggest fear is their phones running out of battery，so the device should prove popular.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项技术——英国索普公园通过收集游客尖叫产生的声能和过山车滑行产生的重力及震动的能量来方便游客给手机充电。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
All of the Walking Dead’s carriages have been fitted with the harvesting devices，which not only harvest the energy of screams，but that from g-force and vibrations(震动) of the ride，too.It is stored in a power management unit.The unit is then removed from the carriages by staff and deposited into an on-site mobile charging point where ride goers will charge their devices.The 188mm×188mm×67mm energy harvester is jet black，blending into its dark and mysterious surroundings on the roller coaster themed around the global TV shows.
Thorpe Park said：“If thrill-seekers are brave enough to open their eyes，they will see a set of LED lights in blood red powering up as guests’ screams become louder...throughout the 90-second experience.”
Designed and installed by researchers at Queen Mary University of London and the engineering team at Thorpe Park Resort，the technology took three months to be carried out，from design to installation.It will be available at the theme park for an initial trial period.
Thorpe Park Resort’s John Burton，who came up with the ride concept，said，“The Walking Dead’s ride is 15 out of 10 on the scare factor scale，so it makes sense to be able to combine and use the power of our visitors’ screams and the ride’s vibrations to help solve a problem each and every one of us faces—losing the charge on our mobiles when we’re on a day out.”
Dr Joe Briscoe，School of Engineering and Materials Science at Queen Mary University of London，said，“This is an exciting concept that will undoubtedly be used more frequently in the future.The system uses a mini energy harvester to capture the kinetic energy，transferring it to a separate electrical circuit and storage unit，which is enough to charge a mobile phone.”
1.Where could ride goers easily get their phones charged in Thorpe Park
A.At the carriage.
B.At the charging point.
C.At the LED light.
D.At the energy harvester.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段中“...and deposited into an on-site mobile charging point where ride goers will charge their devices.”可知，乘客可以在充电点给手机充电，故选B。
解析
2.Why does John Burton consider the concept workable
A.Because a mini energy harvester is applied.
B.Because The Walking Dead is most frightening.
C.Because the park has quite a number of scary rides.
D.Because almost everyone is faced with power failure.
√
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，游乐园里有很多惊吓系数很高的游乐设施，这样游客的尖叫声就会和游乐设施的震动结合起来产生能量来为手机充电，故选C。
解析
3.What’s Dr Joe Briscoe’s attitude toward the technology
A.Favorable. B.Doubtful.
C.Neutral. D.Disapproving.
观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Dr Joe Briscoe...said，‘This is an exciting concept that will undoubtedly be used more frequently in the future...’”可知，乔·布里斯科博士对这项技术的前景很乐观，应该是支持这项技术，故选A。
解析
√
4.What’s the main idea of the text
A.A new battery for powering your phone is invented.
B.The traditional way of charging your phone is on the way out.
C.Visitors’ scream in Thorpe Park can be used to charge the phone.
D.The most effective way of charging your phone has been found in
Thorpe Park.
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段内容可知，本文介绍了一项技术——英国索普公园通过收集游客尖叫产生的声能和过山车滑行产生的重力及震动的能量来方便游客给手机充电。故选C。
解析
√
B(此篇精读)
Yellowstone National Park withdrew more than 10,000 visitors after a flash flood hit the park.Houses，roads and bridges were washed away，
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国黄石国家公园遭遇百年不遇的洪水，给公园造成极大破坏，并阐释了这种现象产生的可能原因。
and the park’s gateway communities were cut off from roads.Even though scientists and land managers are caught off guard by the flood，unseen in 100 years of recorded history，they recognize the similarities between the situation their data predicted and the flood.They just didn’t expect the flood would occur this year.
While it will take more research to confirm if climate change made this flood event more extreme，the 2021 Greater Yellowstone Climate Assessment predicts significant changes in precipitation(降水)，including when it will arrive and what forms it will take.Scientists expect more spring rain and less winter snow.The assessment also predicts increasing annual precipitation in Yellowstone National Park.
Changes have been already documented in the assessment.Since 1950，spring precipitation in the region has increased by 17－23 percent in April and May.Snowfall has dwindled even as overall annual precipitation has increased.That means rather than slowly increasing meltwater flowing to valleys during the summer months，rain tends to combine with melting snow，causing riskier events like the recent flood.
June precipitation this year is now at more than 400 percent above average in the parts of Montana and Wyoming that include Yellowstone National Park.And as temperatures rise，these rain-on-snow events are projected to become more frequent at higher elevations(海拔) in western North America，while lower snowpack will make them less frequent at low elevations.
Bruce Stein，chief scientist of the National Wildlife Federation，said several years ago，when he trained Yellowstone employees for climate planning，they focused on the features that drew visitors to the park—like bison and wolves.Roads，bridges，and houses being washed away were out of their consideration.“I think it’s urgent and necessary for the park to look ahead to plan for different situations that could possibly happen as the climate changes，” said Stein.
5.What can we learn about the flood
A.It’s the most destructive in history.
B.It has been predicted with certainty.
C.It was worsened by changes in the weather.
D.It’s partly in line with scientists’ expectations.
√
细节理解题。根据第一段的“...they recognize the similarities between the situation their data predicted and the flood.They just didn’t expect the flood would occur this year.”可知，科学家们发现这次洪灾与他们之前通过数据预测的情况有一定的相似性，他们只是没预料到今年会发生洪水。由此可知，这次洪灾在一定程度上符合科学家的预期。故选D。
解析
6.What does the underlined word “dwindled” in paragraph 3 mean
A.Varied. B.Balanced.
C.Doubled. D.Reduced.
√
词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“That means rather than slowly increasing meltwater flowing to valleys during the summer months，rain tends to combine with melting snow”可知，这意味着，在夏季的几个月里，不是缓慢增加的雪融水流到山谷中，而是降雨与融化的雪水结合在一起。再结合第二段中的“Scientists expect more spring rain and less winter snow.”可知，画线词所在句表示在全年降水量增加的同时，降雪量却在减少。画线词意为“减少”，故选D。
解析
7.What does Stein think the park should do next
A.Take preventative measures.
B.Rebuild damaged structures.
C.Focus on its attractive features.
D.Receive training in climate planning.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Stein所说的话“I think it’s urgent and necessary for the park to look ahead to plan for different situations that could possibly happen as the climate changes”可知，Stein认为黄石国家公园必须向前看，为气候变化可能引发的不同情况做好计划，这是非常紧迫和必要的。也就是说，黄石国家公园应该做到防患于未然。故选A。
解析
8.Which is the best title of the text
A.Yellowstone Area：Is It More at Risk of Flood
B.Yellowstone Flooding：Why Does It Happen Now
C.Climate Planning：Why Is It Important to Yellowstone
D.Climate Change：Does It Mean More Rain for Yellowstone
√
标题归纳题。综观全文可知，文章前两段提到黄石国家公园遭遇百年不遇的洪水，给公园造成极大破坏，虽然评估报告预测黄石国家公园的降雨量会增加，但是科学家们没料到今年会发生洪水。第三至五段重点阐释了这种现象产生的可能原因，如降雨量增加而降雪量减少、公园的气候规划不完善等。因此B项“黄石洪水：为什么现在发生？”为最佳标题。故选B。
解析
1.withdraw v.撤离
2.assess v.评价，评定→assessment n.评估，评价
3.project熟义：n.项目；计划；专题研究　生义(文义)：v.预计
词汇积累
And as temperatures rise，these rain-on-snow events are projected to become more frequent at higher elevations in western North America，while lower snowpack will make them less frequent at low elevations.
分析：此句为并列复合句。as引导时间状语从句；while 意为“然而”，引导并列句。
翻译：随着气温的升高，预计在北美西部的高海拔地区，这些雨雪事件将变得更加频繁，而在低海拔地区，积雪减少将使它们发生的频率降低。
句式分析
Are you looking for a way to connect with nature but not knowing how to do that when you live in the city Here are a few ways to live in harmony with nature and reduce your pressure.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生活在城市里亲近大自然、与大自然和谐相处的四条建议。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
Go on a wildlife walk.
There’s lots of urban wildlife for you to discover，so you can reach out to your city park departments to get some valuable information. 1 A wildlife walk is one of the easiest ways to connect with nature because it helps you to realize that you’re surrounded by nature.
A.Have a walk in a park.
B.Take off your shoes and walk barefoot(赤脚地).
C.You can grow your own vegetables on it as well.
D.You can put a bird feeder(喂食器) on your balcony or by your window.
E.Meantime，this is an excellent method of improving your health and well-being.
F.They often offer guided walks to help you enjoy the natural beauty in your cities.
G.It’s a different way of experiencing nature helping you to enjoy it from a different
viewpoint.
√
根据段落标题“Go on a wildlife walk.”可知，本段建议在散步时观察野生动物，空前“you can reach out to your city park departments to get some valuable information”说明你可以从城市公园管理部门获取一些有效信息，F项“他们通常提供一些有向导的徒步，帮你享受你所在城市的自然之美”承接上文，符合题意。F项中的They指代上文中的“your city park departments”。故选F。
解析
　2　
Nothing will make you feel as closely connected with the earth as walking without shoes on grass for a couple of minutes.This very direct connection with nature will make you realize that you’re part of the huge world，helping you to relax and feel calmer.
A.Have a walk in a park.
B.Take off your shoes and walk barefoot(赤脚地).
C.You can grow your own vegetables on it as well.
D.You can put a bird feeder(喂食器) on your balcony or by your window.
E.Meantime，this is an excellent method of improving your health and well-being.
F.They often offer guided walks to help you enjoy the natural beauty in your cities.
G.It’s a different way of experiencing nature helping you to enjoy it from a different
viewpoint.
√
空格处为段落标题。根据下文“Nothing will make you feel as closely connected with the earth as walking without shoes on grass for a couple of minutes.”可知，本段建议在草地上脱下鞋子赤脚行走，B项中的“walk barefoot(赤脚地)”呼应下文。故选B。
解析
Attract nature yourself.
One of the best ways to connect with nature is to make it come to you. 3 You can also fill some tubs(盆) with flowers to attract butterflies.
A.Have a walk in a park.
B.Take off your shoes and walk barefoot(赤脚地).
C.You can grow your own vegetables on it as well.
D.You can put a bird feeder(喂食器) on your balcony or by your window.
E.Meantime，this is an excellent method of improving your health and well-being.
F.They often offer guided walks to help you enjoy the natural beauty in your cities.
G.It’s a different way of experiencing nature helping you to enjoy it from a different
viewpoint.
√
上文“One of the best ways to connect with nature is to make it come to you.”说明接近自然的最好方法之一是让自然来到你身边，下文“You can also fill some tubs(盆) with flowers to attract butterflies.”提出另一项建议，即用花填满花盆来吸引蝴蝶，因此推断空格处应该也是提出一项建议，D项“你可以在阳台上或窗户边放一个喂鸟器”符合语境。故选D。
解析
Create a friendly place for nature and you’re sure to attract all kinds of beings passing close to your home.
Create a small garden.
Plants and flowers are part of nature as well and even the tiniest amount of space can be turned into a beautiful garden.
If you’ve got a balcony(阳台)，fill it with pots full of flowers. 4 Imagine how satisfying it would be to share them with your friends and family.
A.Have a walk in a park.
B.Take off your shoes and walk barefoot(赤脚地).
C.You can grow your own vegetables on it as well.
D.You can put a bird feeder(喂食器) on your balcony or by your window.
E.Meantime，this is an excellent method of improving your health and well-being.
F.They often offer guided walks to help you enjoy the natural beauty in your cities.
G.It’s a different way of experiencing nature helping you to enjoy it from a different
viewpoint.
√
上文“If you’ve got a balcony(阳台)，fill it with pots full of flowers.”提到种植一些花，又因下文的them可知，空格处应该代表种植某种植物，结合选项可知，C项“你也可以在阳台上自己种蔬菜”符合语境，vegetables和flowers相对应，故选C。
解析
Use these tips for connecting with nature and living a more comfortable life in a big city. 5
A.Have a walk in a park.
B.Take off your shoes and walk barefoot(赤脚地).
C.You can grow your own vegetables on it as well.
D.You can put a bird feeder(喂食器) on your balcony or by your window.
E.Meantime，this is an excellent method of improving your health and well-being.
F.They often offer guided walks to help you enjoy the natural beauty in your cities.
G.It’s a different way of experiencing nature helping you to enjoy it from a different
viewpoint.
√
空格处是最后一句，根据上文“Use these tips for connecting with nature and living a more comfortable life in a big city.”可知，应该填写一句总结性的话，E项“同时，这是改善你的健康和幸福感的一个极好的方法”符合语境，选项中的this指代“connecting with nature”，符合首尾呼应的原则，故选E。
解析
An English teacher from New Zealand recently explored the beautiful countryside of Baoding in North China’s Hebei Province by cycling with his family.
语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道，文章讲述了一位来自新西兰的英语老师和家人一起骑自行车游览河北省保定市美丽乡村的故事。
Ⅴ.语法填空
Along with more than 100 cycling enthusiasts，Robert John Murray and his family took part 1.___ the “Riding in Baoding” event on Saturday，experiencing the natural beauty，rich culture and prosperity of rural areas in Baoding 2._______(locate) about 150 kilometres southwest of downtown Beijing.
in
1.考查介词。固定短语take part in意为“参加”，故填in。
2.考查形容词。此处意为“坐落在，位于”，使用形容词作后置定语，故填located。
解析
located
“I 3.__________(be) in Baoding for almost 10 years and have witnessed the rapid development here，especially in the rural areas 4.______ people are kind and happily living a well-off life，” said the 56-year-old Robert.
have been
3.考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据“for almost 10 years”可知，句子使用现在完成时，主语是I，助动词使用have，故填have been。
4.考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词是rural areas，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，使用关系副词where引导，故填where。
解析
where
Robert came to Baoding in 2015 and has worked at Hebei Finance University as 5.___ English teacher.During his time in Baoding，he has enjoyed participating in 6._______________(variety) activities to immerse
(使沉浸) himself in Chinese culture.Exploring traditional Chinese medicine,7.___________(celebrate) a special Mid-Autumn Festival，and discovering the innovative progress of China’s textile industry were activities that attracted him a lot.
an
various/varied
celebrating
5.考查冠词。teacher是可数名词，此处泛指“一位英语老师”，使用不定冠词修饰，且English的发音是以元音音素开头，故填an。
6.考查形容词。空处修饰名词activities，使用形容词作定语。故填various/varied。
7.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，“Exploring traditional Chinese medicine， (celebrate) a special Mid-Autumn Festival，and discovering the innovative progress of China’s textile industry”在句中作主语，设空处与exploring和discovering是三个并列的动名词。故填celebrating。
解析
For this time，Robert and his family rode along the countryside roads，making stops along the way from time to time 8. enjoying magnificent views over the open countryside.
考查连词。分析句子结构可知，making和enjoying为现在分词作伴随状语，是并列结构。故填and。
解析
and
The activities include exploring the 9. (countryside) natural beauty，visiting historical sites，uncovering village 10._________
(story) and sampling local delicacies，showcasing the unique features and charm of the beautiful countryside and achievements of rural revitalization(振兴).
countryside’s
9.考查名词所有格。此处指“乡村的自然美景”，使用名词所有格形式修饰beauty，故填countryside’s。
10.考查名词复数。乡村故事应不止一个，故此处使用名词复数形式，故填stories。
解析
stories
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