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Period 4　Using Language
Task 1：Fast reading for the structure of the text.
Ⅰ.Skim the passage to find out the general idea of the text by filling in the chart below.
Ⅱ.Summarize the main idea of the text.
The text mainly tells us how the teacher knows what the students are thinking by looking at their body language.
Task 2：Careful reading for the details of the text.
1．What does “what makes each student tick” in the last sentence in para.1 mean
A．Students know how to tick on papers.
B．Every student is made to do some questions.
C．The things that make one behave in a certain way.
D．Each student puts a mark beside an item on a list，an answer，etc.
答案　C
2．What will students do if they are interested in a lesson
A．Look out of the window.
B．Hide their faces in their hands.
C．Lean forward and look at the teacher.
D．Lower their heads to look at the books.
答案　C
3．What does the phrase “who knows what” in paragraph 4 mean
A．The student knows how to enjoy himself.
B．The student isn’t sure about his own interest.
C．Someone is aware of what interests the students.
D．The teacher has no idea what interests the student.
答案　D
4．What does the author find harder to distinguish
A．When the students are sleepy.
B．When the students are troubled.
C．When the students are distracted.
D．When the students are interested.
答案　B
5．Where is the text likely to be taken from
A．A science book.
B．A research report.
C．A social magazine.
D．A health magazine.
答案　C
Task 3：Translate the following phrases into English.
1．同时 at the same time
2．多于；非常；不仅仅 more than
3．与某人进行一对一的谈话 have one-on-one conversations with sb
4．往往做某事，倾向于做某事 tend to do sth/have a tendency to do sth
5．向上看；查阅 look up
6．做眼神交流 make eye contact
7．谈论 talk about
8．好像，仿佛 as if/though
9．被……逗乐 be amused by
10．凝视窗外 stare out of the window
11．盯着……看 stare at
12．注意 pay attention
13．用手捂住脸 hide one’s face in one’s hands
14．害怕 be afraid of
15．(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请；号召 call on
16．费心做某事 bother to do sth
17．梳头发 brush one’s hair
18．有某种影响；在工作 at work
19．与……发生冲突 have conflicts with
20．对……作出反应 react to
Task 4：Analyse some long and difficult sentences.
1．As an educator，people often ask me how I know what is going on in the minds of my students.(P44 Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，how引导宾语从句，作ask的宾语，what is going on in the minds of my students是what引导的宾语从句，作know的宾语。
[汉语翻译] 作为一名教育工作者，人们经常问我，我是怎么知道学生的脑子里在想什么的。
2．At the same time，in a classroom of more than forty students，it is hard to have many one-on-one conversations with each person.(P44 Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是简单句，it是形式主语，to have...with each person是不定式短语作真正的主语。
[汉语翻译] 同时，班上的学生有四十多人，想与每位学生一对一谈话不是那么容易。
3．It is easy to recognise when students are interested in a lesson.(P44 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，it是形式主语，to recognise...是不定式短语作真正的主语，when引导宾语从句。
[汉语翻译] 学生对一堂课感兴趣时，很容易就可以看出来。
4．I know when students are really interested，however，because they lean forward and look at me.(P44 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，when引导宾语从句，because引导原因状语从句。
[汉语翻译] 然而，学生兴趣盎然时，我也看得出来，因为他们会身体前倾，注视着我。
5．So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch，it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end.(P44 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，if引导条件状语从句，此从句中的has his head lowered为“have＋宾语＋宾补”结构。he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end是省略了that的宾语从句。
[汉语翻译] 所以，如果一名学生低头看手表，这就表明他觉得无聊，数着时间，只盼早点下课。
6．The main thing is reminding distracted students that they need to pay attention in class.(P44 Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，reminding...是动词-ing形式作表语，that引导宾语从句。
[汉语翻译] 重要的是提醒走神的学生专心听讲。
7．While it is easy to perceive when students are interested，bored or distracted，it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.(P44 Para.5)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，while引导让步状语从句，此从句中含有when引导的宾语从句；在主句中it是形式主语，to distinguish when students are troubled是真正的主语，其中when引导宾语从句。
[汉语翻译] 尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。
8．Students who are angry，afraid，or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed，like they are guarding their bodies.(P44 Para.5)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，who are angry，afraid，or experiencing anxiety是who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词students；like引导方式状语从句。
[汉语翻译] 生气、害怕或者焦虑的学生会双臂交叉抱在胸前，他们的腿并拢或交叉，就像他们在保护自己的身体。
9．Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher.(P44 Para.5)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，because引导原因状语从句，being called on by the teacher是动词-ing形式作介词of的宾语。
[汉语翻译] 有些学生这副模样，只是因为他们害怕老师提问。
10．However，if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping，then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work.(P44 Para.5)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，if引导条件状语从句，主句中含有that引导的宾语从句。
[汉语翻译] 但是，要是学生都懒得梳头，并且两眼因哭泣而发红，那么我能够推断她遇到了更严重的问题。
11．Whatever it is，I know I need to inquire and assess what is going on.(P44 Para.5)
[结构分析] 此句是复合句，Whatever it is是whatever引导的让步状语从句，相当于no matter what it is；I need to...是省略that的宾语从句，作know的宾语，该从句中包含what引导的宾语从句。
[汉语翻译] 不管是什么，我知道我必须去探个究竟，搞明白发生了什么事情。
12．Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities，when to intervene，and when to talk to students individually，so they can all get the most out of school.(P44 Para.6)
[结构分析] 此句是并列句，when to adjust class activities，when to intervene，and when to talk to students individually是三个并列的“疑问词＋to do”结构作宾语。
[汉语翻译] 他们的肢体语言让我知道该何时调整课堂活动、何时干预、何时与学生单独谈话，从而让他们在校收获最大。
13．Reacting to body language is an important component of being a teacher.(P44 Para.6)
[结构分析] 此句是简单句，Reacting to body language是动词-ing形式作主语，being a teacher是动词-ing形式作介词of的宾语。
[汉语翻译] 对肢体语言作出反应是教师职责的重要组成部分。
in other words换句话说；也就是说
[北师大版必修第一册Unit 1]In other words，you can make a list and do all the important things first.换句话说，你可以列个清单，先做所有重要的事情。
in a/one word总之，简言之 have a word with与……谈一谈 have words with与……吵嘴 break one’s word失信，食言 keep one’s word遵守诺言
(1)The other day she had words with(与……吵嘴) her husband because he broke his word(食言) and she felt a wave of anger hitting her chest.After calming down，the husband decided on having a word with(与……谈一谈) his wife sincerely and promised to keep his word(遵守诺言) no matter what happened.
(2)They refused to employ him.In other words，he didn’t obtain the position.
[写作佳句]
(3)(2023·上海1月，书面表达)总之，只有你组织一些有趣的话题，创造一个和谐的学习环境，我们才能积极参与英语口语课。(“only＋状语”位于句首引起的倒装句)
In a/one word，only if/when you organize some interesting topics and create a harmonious learning environment can we take an active part in the oral English class.
distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别；使杰出；看清；认出(distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的)
[教材原句P44]While it is easy to perceive when students are interested，bored，or distracted，it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。
[外研版必修第三册Unit 5]The solar rays shone through the watery mass easily，and consumed all colour，and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.阳光轻易地穿透水层，并消除了所有的色彩，我能清晰地辨认出150码以内的物体。
·distinguish between...and...区分/辨别……和…… ·distinguish...from...使……有别于……；把……与……区分开 ·distinguish oneself (as...)使出众；使著名
(1)He distinguishes himself as an environmentalist.Distinguished(distinguish) and responsible，he calls on those around him to contribute to the protection of the environment.
[写作佳句]
(2)(记叙文之人物描写)我们的老师不仅教我们如何区分善恶，而且他还采用有趣的教学方法。
Not only does our teacher teach us how to distinguish good from evil/distinguish between good and evil but he also employs interesting teaching methods.
anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕；渴望 (anxious adj.忧虑的；焦虑的；渴望的anxiously adv.焦虑地)
[教材原句P44]Students who are angry，afraid，or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed，like they are guarding their bodies.愤怒、害怕或焦虑的学生会双臂交叉放在胸前，双腿并拢或交叉，像是在保护自己的身体。
[译林版选择性必修第二册Unit 3]And it has been used to treat more than just physical problems—acupuncturists have discovered that the treatment helps with mental problems like depression and anxiety too.针灸师发现，这种疗法不仅可以治疗身体问题，还可以治疗抑郁症和焦虑症等精神问题。
·with anxiety焦虑地 ·be anxious to do sth急于做某事 be anxious for/about sb/sth担心/忧虑某人/某事 be anxious for sb to do sth渴望某人做某事 be anxious that...(should) do急切希望……
(1)As August draws to a close，the students are becoming more and more anxious to receive(receive) their admission notices.
(2)She was quite anxious about/for the safety of her husband and she couldn’t help weeping.
[写作佳句]
(3)(读后续写之情绪描写)夜幕降临，我们站在山脚下，焦急地等他回来。
The night fell and we stood at the foot of the mountain，waiting for his return anxiously/with anxiety.
(4)(2024·上海1月，书面表达)我们希望您能谈谈文学在我们的精神生活中所扮演的角色。
We are anxious for you to talk about the role/are anxious that you (should) talk about the role literature plays in our mental and spiritual life.
embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的(embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬embarrassing adj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的embarrassment n．尴尬，难为情)
[教材原句P44]They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.他们也会双手捂脸，一副尴尬或羞愧的样子。
[外研版选择性必修第一册Unit 2]I felt embarrassed，even though no one could see me.即使没有人能看见我，我也觉得尴尬。
·be/feel embarrassed to do sth因做某事感到尴尬 be/feel embarrassed about/at...因……感到难为情/不知所措 ·to one’s embarrassment让某人尴尬的是
(1)(读后续写之尴尬情绪描写)Embarrassed(embarrass) and ashamed，she opened her mouth with her eyes widening and her face turning red.
(2)(2021·浙江1月，读后续写)To my embarrassment(embarrass)，my head was ultimately stuck in the huge pumpkin.
(3)I was embarrassed about/at making such a silly mistake in public and I had no choice but to lower my head.
[写作佳句]
(4)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)学校教练担心如果他在越野赛跑中失利，大卫会因受到来自其他学校孩子的嘲笑而感到尴尬。
The school’s coach was afraid that David was/felt embarrassed to be laughed at by kids from other schools if he failed in the cross-country run.
ashamed adj.羞愧的；惭愧的(shame n．羞耻；羞愧；遗憾的事shameful adj.可耻的shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的)
·be ashamed of...为……而感到羞耻 be ashamed to do sth羞于/耻于做某事 be ashamed that...对……感到羞愧 ·It’s a shame that...……真让人遗憾。 What a shame/pity！真遗憾！
(1)(应用文写作之道歉信)I am ashamed to bother(bother) you with so much trouble and please accept my apology.
[写作佳句]
(2)(2024·上海6月，书面表达)真遗憾，你父母不赞成你做饭，我完全理解你的失望和沮丧。
It’s a shame that your parents don’t approve of your cooking and I completely perceive your disappointment and sadness.
(3)(读后续写之心理描写)她的脸上泛起了红晕，头轻轻地垂着，眼角上闪着羞愧的泪光。
Her face flushed，her head was hanging gently，and tears of shame were shining from the corners of her eyes.
(4)(读后续写之心理描写)为自己犯了愚蠢的错误感到羞愧，我觉得好像有一把刀在割我的心，泪水模糊了我的眼睛。
Ashamed of the silly mistake I had made/Ashamed that I had made the silly mistake，I felt as if a knife were cutting my heart and tears clouded my eyes.(形容词短语作状语)
call on (短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请；号召
[教材原句P44]Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher.有些学生这副模样，只是因为他们害怕老师提问。
[译林版选择性必修第二册Unit 2]The 2008 Beijing Olympics called on the whole world to join in the Olympic spirit and build a better future for humanity with the slogan “One World，One Dream”.2008年北京奥运会以“同一个世界，同一个梦想”为口号，号召全世界共同弘扬奥林匹克精神，为人类建设更加美好的未来。
call for需要 call up给……打电话；使回忆起 call back回电话；收回 call in请来；召来 call off取消
(1)(2022·全国甲，书面表达)Representing my classmates，I call on each individual to make(make) contributions to ocean protection.
(2)The old scarf called up memories of my old friend，and hence，I called him up，asking whether we could meet at the amusement center the next day.
(3)No matter who opposes me，by no means will I call off my plan to carry out the experiment.
[写作佳句]
(4)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)这对双胞胎在准备母亲节早餐时遇到很大困难，因此，他们请来父亲帮助他们。父亲和蔼地告诉他们：“做一顿美味的早餐需要极大的耐心和一些技能。”
The twins had great difficulty preparing a Mother’s Day breakfast，so they called in their father to help them.The father told them kindly，“Cooking a delicious breakfast calls for great patience and some skills.”
adjust vt.调整；调节vi.&vt.适应；(使)习惯(adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的adjustment n．调整；调节；适应)
[教材原句P44]Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities，when to intervene，and when to talk to students individually，so they can all get the most out of school.他们的肢体语言让我知道该何时调整课堂活动、何时干预、何时与学生单独谈话，从而让他们在校收获最大。
[外研版必修第三册Unit 1]When Riley moves to a new city，she has a hard time adjusting to her new surroundings.当莱利搬到一个新的城市时，她很难适应新的环境。
adjust (oneself) to (doing) sth (使某人自己)适应(做)某事 make an adjustment/adjustments (to sth)(对……)做出调整
(1)I am writing to inquire about how to adjust to the new school life.
[写作佳句]
(2)(应用文写作之结束语)如果你有任何问题，请尽管联系我以便我可以调整先前的安排。
If you have any questions，don’t hesitate to contact me so that I can make adjustments to/adjust the former arrangements.
with的复合结构
[教材原句P44](1)It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open.
他们好像睁着眼睛在睡觉。
(2)With their chins on their hands，they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.他们托着下巴，全神贯注地盯着窗外或天花板。
[结构分析] 第(1)句是复合句，as though引导表语从句；第(2)句是简单句，staring out of the window or up at the ceiling是动词-ing形式作介词by的宾语，两句中都含有with的复合结构。
with的复合结构在句中作状语和定语，主要包括： ·with＋宾语＋to do(表示将来的动作) ·with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动或进行) ·with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成) ·with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj./adv.
(1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我的心狂跳着，我冲进老师的办公室，兴奋地说：“如果没有您的帮助，我不会赢得第一名。”然后我的老师轻轻地拍了拍我的肩膀，回答说：“你的文章经过一遍又一遍的重写，难怪你能成功。”
With my heart beating wildly，I dashed into the teacher’s office，saying excitedly，“But for your help，I wouldn’t have won first prize.” Then my teacher patted me on the shoulder gently，responding，“With your article rewritten over and over again，it is no wonder you made it.”
(2)(读后续写之情绪描写)随着比赛的临近，有那么多的工作要做，我焦虑得无法控制地流下了眼泪。
With the competition approaching/drawing near/around the corner and (with) so much work to do，so anxious was I that I shed tears uncontrollably.
(3)门开着，灯亮着，他冲出房子，寻找他丢失的狗。
With the door open and the light on，he rushed out of the house，searching for his lost dog.
Ⅰ.品句猜词
1．His work occupies him for the whole day.vt.使忙碌
2．He distinguished himself by winning four gold medals.vt.使杰出
3．The insurance manager bears the responsibility of adjusting losses.vt.评估(损失)
4．These new problems pose a challenge to all of us students.vt.造成(威胁、问题等)
Ⅱ.单词拼写
1．Now that she is occupied with her work，I don’t want to bother her with my problems.
2．How each of you reacts to the event will influence our final assessment.
3．I am writing to inquire about why my son came into conflict with his classmate.
4．The incident that happened just now is distracting(使分心) me from my work.
5．I perceived that the boy was staring(凝视) at me and I asked him the reason curiously.
6．Seeing the adorable kid，the woman bent(弯腰) to kiss his face gently.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．The washing machine seems to have broken down again，so the educator determines to buy a new one.
2．He revealed my personal life in public，which made me more than embarrassed(embarrass)．
3．This distinguished(distinguish) professor at Peking University provides us with many superb suggestions on how to improve our professional ability.
4．I was so ashamed of my performance that tears rolled down my cheeks.
5．I will adopt his proposals on how to make an adjustment(adjust) to the former plan.
6．If you hadn’t had a word with him about academic learning，he would not have made enormous progress.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
As a teacher，I try to know what each student is thinking about by 1.watching(watch) their body language.Recognizing 2.when students are interested in a lesson is easy.Most students tend 3.to look(look) up and make eye contact and sometimes they lean forward and look at me.If a student lowers his head to look at his watch，it implies he is 4.bored(bore)．If two friends are leaning their heads together，they are 5.probably(probable) writing notes to each other.Some students are easy to be distracted.Instead of looking at me，they spend all their time looking anywhere.Then again，some students prefer daydreaming.6.With their chins on their hands，they occupy 7.themselves(they) by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.In these 8.cases(case)，they should 9.be reminded(remind) to concentrate.Reacting to body language is 10.an important component of being a teacher.
作业4　Using Language
[分值：76.5分]
Ⅰ.短语填空(共7小题；每小题2分，满分14分)
1．He strongly suggests looking up(查阅) unfamiliar words in the newly-bought English-Chinese dictionary.
2．The little girl is so shy that she is afraid of making eye contact(害怕做眼神交流) with others.
3．We have talked about/have been talking about(谈论) this challenging issue for about two hours but we haven’t reached an agreement.
4．Scientists made an attempt to pay attention to(注意) every detail when they performed the experiment.
5．He was staring at(盯着……看) his cellphone when someone knocked at the door.
6．He reacted to(对……作出反应) my suggestion positively，which made me more than happy.
7．He had conflicts with(与……发生冲突) his classmate yesterday and was considering how to break down their conflicts.
Ⅱ.主题微写作——学校生活(满分15分)
1．听说你急于学习中国的肢体语言，我写信是想告诉你在中国使用肢体语言时要注意什么。(疑问词＋不定式)
Hearing that you are anxious to learn Chinese body language，I’m writing to tell you what to pay attention to when you use body language in China.
2．当中国人见面时，他们经常轻轻握手来表示问候，但戴着手套握手被认为是不礼貌的。(with的复合结构)
When Chinese people meet each other，they often shake hands lightly to express greetings，but it is thought impolite to shake hands with gloves on.
3．当你和中国人交流时，适当调整你和别人的距离，不要太近也不要太远。(it作形式主语)
When you communicate with Chinese people，it is proper to adjust your distance from others，neither too close nor too far away.
4．如果你使用不得体的肢体语言，你会觉得很尴尬和羞愧。(if引导条件状语从句)
If you use improper body language，you will feel quite embarrassed and ashamed.
5．当然，恰当地使用肢体语言需要不断的练习，所以为什么不来中国亲身体验一下中国人的肢体语言呢？(动词-ing形式作主语)
Of course，using body language appropriately calls for constant practice，so why not come to China to experience Chinese body language in person
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2024·广东广州高二上期末)
There are many things that technology can do well when it comes to monitoring body language.Artificial intelligence(AI) can detect the slightest micro-expressions that even highly trained experts don’t always catch，and can tell the difference between a genuine smile and a fake one.But，when it comes to interpreting the subtle differences of body language，technology has a long way to go.
One of the primary challenges AI faces in understanding body language lies in the complexity of human communication.Body language is not governed by strict rules or fixed patterns；it is heavily influenced by context，culture，and individual differences，making it difficult for AI to deal with such complicated situation.A simple nod can convey agreement or encouragement in one setting，but it might indicate impatience or disapproval in another，which can only be picked up by an experienced observer.
There’s also a problem because AI lacks the emotional intelligence and empathy that are unique to humans.Human beings interpret emotions not only by observing body language but also by drawing on their personal experiences，inborn empathy，and basic understanding of human psychology.AI，on the other hand，can only analyze data and recognize specific patterns associated with emotions，as it lacks the underlying emotional comprehension that is essential for a deeper understanding of body language.
Body language comprises a complicated web of non-verbal clues，such as facial expressions，gestures，posture，eye contact，and touch.As technology advances and research progresses，AI may become more skillful at detecting body language signals，but it is unlikely to obtain the necessary depth of human perception and emotional comprehension in the foreseeable future.Meanwhile，understanding and responding to non-verbal communication will continue to rely primarily on the human brain，which has been “wired” to read body language from the time human began communicating with one another.
语篇解读　这是一篇议论文。文章从三个方面论证了人工智能尚且无法解读肢体语言的细微差异。
1．In what way is AI better than human，according to the passage
A．Noticing the subtle facial expressions.
B．Understanding micro-expressions.
C．Interpreting body language.
D．Distinguishing feelings and attitudes.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Artificial intelligence(AI) can detect the slightest micro-expressions that even highly trained experts don’t always catch，and can tell the difference between a genuine smile and a fake one.”可知，人工智能在捕捉微表情方面做得比人类更好。故选A。
2．What is the key factor in humans’ understanding body language
A．Cultural communication.
B．Personal connections.
C．Understanding signals.
D．Emotional comprehension.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“AI，on the other hand，can only analyze data and recognize specific patterns associated with emotions，as it lacks the underlying emotional comprehension that is essential for a deeper understanding of body language.”可知，人工智能无法读懂肢体语言是因为它缺乏对深层理解肢体语言所必需的潜在情感理解。由此推知，人类理解肢体语言的关键因素是情感理解。故选D。
3．What will happen in the foreseeable future
A．AI will finally understand body language as deeply as humans.
B．AI will do better in detecting body language signals than humans.
C．AI cannot replace humans in reading and reacting to body language.
D．AI may become more automatic with the development of technology.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As technology advances and research progresses...it is unlikely to obtain...in the foreseeable future.Meanwhile，understanding and responding to non-verbal communication will continue to rely primarily on the human brain”可知，在可预见的未来，人工智能在解读和回应肢体语言方面无法取代人类，故选C。
4．Which can be the best title of the passage
A．How AI Comprehends Body Language
B．Why AI Can’t Read Body Language Yet
C．Who Is Better at Reading Body Language
D．How Humans Respond to Body Language
答案　B
解析　标题归纳题。根据全文内容，并结合第一段中“But，when it comes to interpreting the subtle differences of body language，technology has a long way to go.”可知，文章从三个方面论证了人工智能尚且无法解读肢体语言的细微差异。故B项“为什么人工智能还不能读懂肢体语言”适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。
B(此篇精读)
New glove can translate sign language instantly through an app，researchers say.
California researchers developed a glove embedded with electronic sensors that can translate American Sign Language(ASL) into English in real time through an app on your smartphone.
Unlike its past counterparts，the new glove is lightweight，inexpensive and long-lasting.The device could help remove communication barriers between signers and non-signers.Hopefully，this may open up an easy way for people who use sign language to communicate directly with non-signers without needing someone else to translate for them.
The team worked with four people who are deaf and use ASL and had them repeat gestures up to 15 times while wearing the glove-like device，simultaneously teaching a machine how to recognize them.
The glove has thin，stretchable sensors made from “electrically conducting yarns” that run up each finger and convert the movements into signals.These signals are sent to a “dollar-coin-sized” circuit board placed on the person’s wrist，which then wirelessly transfers them over to a smartphone.
The system was able to recognize 660 hand motions and finger placements that stand for each letter in the English alphabet，different phrases and each number.The algorithm(计算程序) recognized the correct signs about 99% of the time，and in less than one second—or about a tone word per second.
The researchers also placed sensors in between the participants’ eyebrows and on the sides of their mouths to “capture facial expressions that are a part of ASL”．The same exact hand-shape and movement can totally change meaning because of the facial expression that is used to accompany it.Take the word MUCH for example.The degree of how much can totally be determined by the facial expression alone while the sign stays the same.
Researchers said the glove would need to learn more vocabulary and be able to translate signs faster in order to get a commercial version of it in stores.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型手套，该手套由加州研究人员开发，内置传感器，能通过智能手机应用把美国手语实时翻译为英语，促进手语与非手语使用者间的沟通。
5．Who is the new glove intended for
A．Translators.
B．Deaf people.
C．English learners.
D．Sign language users.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Hopefully，this may open up an easy way for people who use sign language to communicate directly with non-signers without needing someone else to translate for them.”可知，这款新手套是为手语使用者设计的。故选D。
6．What does paragraph 4 mainly say about the new glove
A．Its reliability.
B．Its components.
C．Its working principle.
D．Its broad applications.
答案　C
解析　段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，这款手套有细长的可伸缩传感器，可以将动作转化为信号。这些信号被发送到放置在人手腕上的一个电路板上，然后被无线传输到智能手机上。由此可知，本段主要介绍了这款新手套的工作原理。故选C。
7．How do researchers improve the glove’s correctness of recognition
A．By connecting it to smartphones.
B．By catching information from more angles.
C．By lengthening the time of catching gestures.
D．By inputting more letters and words in English.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第七段中的“The researchers also placed sensors in between the participants’ eyebrows and on the sides of their mouths to ‘capture facial expressions that are a part of ASL’．”可推知，研究人员通过从更多角度捕捉手语的信息来提高手套的识别准确性。故选B。
8．What will researchers do with the glove in the future
A．Bring it to market.
B．Update its outlook.
C．Extend its service life.
D．Improve its performance.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，这款手套需要学习更多的词汇，并能够更快地翻译手语，才能在商店中销售。由此推知，在未来，研究人员将进一步提高这款手套的性能。故选D。
[词汇积累] 1．develop熟义：v.发展　生义(文义)：v.研发 2．stretch vi.延伸；延续 vi.& vt.伸展；舒展→stretchable adj.能伸展的；可伸缩的 [句式分析] The team worked with four people who are deaf and use ASL and had them repeat gestures up to 15 times while wearing the glove-like device，simultaneously teaching a machine how to recognize them. 分析：此句为复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰people；while wearing...为状语从句的省略，teaching...为现在分词短语作伴随状语。 翻译：该团队与四名使用美国手语的聋哑人合作，让他们戴着类似手套的设备重复手势多达15次，同时教机器如何识别这些手势。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·浙江温州高二上期末)
Many people suspect the effectiveness of body language. 1 The following is a list of popular myths(谬论) and misconceptions.
Myth 1：Faking body language is not OK.
Faking is part of human’s way of life and people seem to be always fascinated with any method that allows them to fake when they need it.Is that wrong The truth is that there is no harm in trying.The ultimate aim with body language is to improve the overall quality of the communication and allow you to get what you want.As selfish as this may sound，this is what everybody is after. 2 If you find that a particular technique works for you，go ahead and use it.
Myth 2：You can spot a lie through body language.
Over the years there have been many claims that certain non-verbal signals indicate that a person is lying.These gestures and non-verbal signals are now well-known，such as touching the nose and covering the mouth.However，some researchers have found that these signals don’t directly indicate that someone is lying. 3 Pressure doesn’t necessarily mean that the person is lying；it is only a signal among others.
Myth 3： 4
For a long time，presentation coaches on body language seem to have been advising people that holding their hands behind them is a sign of power. 5 Hence，putting hands behind you with an intention to show off your power is a myth.Generally，when hands are hidden from view，people become mistrustful of you because they cannot see what you are doing or holding.
A．There is no point in denying it.
B．Body language is specific to culture.
C．All they indicate is that someone is stressed.
D．Research shows that most people find it wrong.
E．Putting your hands behind your back shows power.
F．The question is whether it is possible to fake body language.
G．This negative view towards body language is often due to myths.
1．答案　G
解析　根据上文“Many people suspect the effectiveness of body language.”和下文“The following is a list of popular myths(谬论) and misconceptions.”可知，本句应说明上文“许多人怀疑肢体语言的有效性”这种对肢体语言的负面看法是由于谬论，G选项能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。
2．答案　F
解析　由上文“Faking is part of human’s way of life and people seem to be always fascinated with any method that allows them to fake when they need it.Is that wrong？...The ultimate aim with body language is to improve the overall quality of the communication and allow you to get what you want.”以及下文“If you find...go ahead and use it.”可知，“假装使用肢体语言”是可取的，大家都这样做。F选项承接上文，说明假装使用肢体语言要注意什么问题，符合题意。故选F。
3．答案　C
解析　根据上文“However，some researchers have found...is lying.”和下文“Pressure doesn’t necessarily mean that the person is lying；it is only a signal among others.”可知，本空要说摸鼻子、捂嘴这样的肢体动作可能表明人们有压力，故C选项能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。
4．答案　E
解析　根据下文“For a long time，presentation coaches on body language seem to have been advising people that holding their hands behind them is a sign of power.”可知，本空要说跟“把手放在背后显示权力”有关的谬论，故E选项能概括本段主题，符合题意。故选E。
5．答案　D
解析　根据下文“Hence，putting hands behind you with an intention to show off your power is a myth.”可知，本空与后文为因果关系，解释后文。故D选项能引起下文，符合题意。故选D。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·广东惠州高二上期中)
Gestures are the “silent language” of every culture.We point a finger or move another part of the body to show what we want to say,1. is common in our daily life.It is important to know the body language of every country，or we may 2. (misunderstand)．
In the USA，in general，people greet each other with a handshake in a formal introduction and the handshake must be firm.Space is of 3. (important) to Americans.Americans are not 4. (comfort) when a person stands too close.They will move back to have their space 5. (instant)．Americans are likely 6. (look) at the other person in the eyes when they are talking.If you don’t do so，it means you are bored，hiding something，or are not interested.
For Americans，thumbs-up 7. (represent) yes，very good，or well done.Thumbs-down means the opposite.8. is all right to point at things but not at people with the index finger.Americans shake their index finger at children when they scold them and pat them on 9. head when they admire them.
Learning a culture’s unspoken language is sometimes 10. (confuse)．If you don’t know what to do，the safest thing to do is smile.
1．答案　which
解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，句中“用手指或移动身体的另一部分来表达我们想说的话”这一行为在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
2．答案　be misunderstood
解析　考查动词语态。分析句意和句子结构可知，misunderstand(误解)是句中谓语动词，与主语we之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态。在情态动词后助动词be用原形。故填be misunderstood。
3．答案　importance
解析　考查名词。“be of＋抽象名词”是固定结构，用来说明主语的性质或特征；is of importance相当于is important。故填importance。
4．答案　comfortable
解析　考查形容词。空格处作表语，应用形容词comfortable，表明主语的心理状态。故填comfortable。
5．答案　instantly
解析　考查副词。空格处修饰动词move，用副词instantly作状语，意为“立刻”。故填instantly。
6．答案　to look
解析　考查非谓语动词。固定搭配be likely to do sth表示“很有可能做某事”。故填to look。
7．答案　represents
解析　考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，represent(代表)是句中谓语动词，与主语thumbs-up之间是主动关系，描述一般性事实，用一般现在时，又因主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填represents。
8．答案　It
解析　考查it作形式主语。It is all right to do...是固定句型，意为“做……是可以的”，其中it作形式主语；句首单词首字母大写。故填It。
9．答案　the
解析　考查冠词。定冠词the用于“动词＋sb＋介词＋the＋某个部位”。故填the。
10．答案　confusing
解析　考查形容词。空格处作表语，表明主语Learning a culture’s unspoken language的特征，用-ing结尾的形容词confusing，意为“令人困惑的”。故填confusing。(共109张PPT)
Period 4
Using Language
Body language
Unit 4
内容索引
Step 1　课文深度理解
Step 2　语言知识梳理
Step 3　基础达标检测
作业4
课文深度理解
Question:How can I really know what makes each student 1._____
Task 1：Fast reading for the structure of the text.
Ⅰ.Skim the passage to find out the general idea of the text by filling in the chart below.
How Do I Know My Students
Introduction
(Paras.1-2)
tick
Recognise when students are 3.__________ or 4.______(Para.3)
Conclusion
(Para.6)
Recognise when students are 5._________(Para.4)
7.____________ body language is an important component of being a teacher.
Answer:I look at their 2._____________.
Ways
(Paras.3-5)
Distinguish when students are 6.________(Para.5)
body language
interested
bored
distracted
troubled
Reacting to
Ⅱ.Summarize the main idea of the text.
The text mainly tells us __________________________________________
______________________________________.
how the teacher knows what the students are thinking by looking at their body language
Task 2：Careful reading for the details of the text.
1.What does “what makes each student tick” in the last sentence in para.1 mean
A.Students know how to tick on papers.
B.Every student is made to do some questions.
C.The things that make one behave in a certain way.
D.Each student puts a mark beside an item on a list，an answer，etc.
√
2.What will students do if they are interested in a lesson
A.Look out of the window.
B.Hide their faces in their hands.
C.Lean forward and look at the teacher.
D.Lower their heads to look at the books.
√
3.What does the phrase “who knows what” in paragraph 4 mean
A.The student knows how to enjoy himself.
B.The student isn’t sure about his own interest.
C.Someone is aware of what interests the students.
D.The teacher has no idea what interests the student.
√
4.What does the author find harder to distinguish
A.When the students are sleepy.
B.When the students are troubled.
C.When the students are distracted.
D.When the students are interested.
√
5.Where is the text likely to be taken from
A.A science book.
B.A research report.
C.A social magazine.
D.A health magazine.
√
Task 3：Translate the following phrases into English.
1.同时
2.多于；非常；不仅仅
3.与某人进行一对一的谈话
4.往往做某事，倾向于做某事
5.向上看；查阅
6.做眼神交流
7.谈论
8.好像，仿佛
_______________
__________
__________________________________
___________________________________
________
________________
__________
___________
at the same time
more than
have one-on-one conversations with sb
tend to do sth/have a tendency to do sth
look up
make eye contact
talk about
as if/though
9.被……逗乐
10.凝视窗外
11.盯着……看
12.注意
13.用手捂住脸
14.害怕
15.(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请；号召
16.费心做某事
_____________
_____________________
_______
____________
__________________________
___________
______
______________
be amused by
stare out of the window
stare at
pay attention
hide one’s face in one’s hands
be afraid of
call on
bother to do sth
17.梳头发
18.有某种影响；在工作
19.与……发生冲突
20.对……作出反应
_______________
________
_________________
_______
brush one’s hair
at work
have conflicts with
react to
Task 4：Analyse some long and difficult sentences.
1.As an educator，people often ask me how I know what is going on in the minds of my students.(P44 Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，how引导宾语从句，作____的宾语，what is going on in the minds of my students是what引导的宾语从句，作_____的宾语。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
ask
know
作为一名教育工作者，人们经常问我，我是怎么知道学生的脑子里在想什么的。
2.At the same time，in a classroom of more than forty students，it is hard to have many one-on-one conversations with each person.(P44 Para.1)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，it是_________，to have...with each person是不定式短语作真正的_____。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
简单
形式主语
主语
同时，班上的学生有四十多人，想与每位学生一对一谈话不是那么容易。
3.It is easy to recognise when students are interested in a lesson.(P44 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，it是_________，to recognise...是不定式短语作真正的_____，when引导_____从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
复合
形式主语
主语
学生对一堂课感兴趣时，很容易就可以看出来。
宾语
4.I know when students are really interested，however，because they lean forward and look at me.(P44 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，when引导_____从句，because引导________从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
宾语
然而，学生兴趣盎然时，我也看得出来，因为他们会身体前倾，注视着我。
原因状语
5.So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch，it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end.(P44 Para.3)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，if引导_________从句，此从句中的has his head lowered为“_________________”结构。he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end是省略了_____的宾语从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
条件状语
have＋宾语＋宾补
that
所以，如果一名学生低头看手表，这就表明他觉得无聊，数着时间，只盼早点下课。
6.The main thing is reminding distracted students that they need to pay attention in class.(P44 Para.4)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，reminding...是动词-ing形式作_____，that引导_____从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
复合
表语
宾语
重要的是提醒走神的学生专心听讲。
7.While it is easy to perceive when students are interested，bored or distracted，it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.(P44 Para.5)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，while引导_________从句，此从句中含有when引导的_____从句；在主句中it是_________，to distinguish when students are troubled是真正的_____，其中when引导_____从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
让步状语
尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。
宾语
形式主语
主语
宾语
8.Students who are angry，afraid，or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed，like they are guarding their bodies.(P44 Para.5)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，who are angry，afraid，or experiencing anxiety是who引导的_____从句，修饰先行词________；like引导_______
___从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
定语
生气、害怕或者焦虑的学生会双臂交叉抱在胸前，他们的腿并拢或交叉，就像他们在保护自己的身体。
students
方式状
语
9.Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher.(P44 Para.5)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，because引导_________从句，being called on by the teacher是动词-ing形式作介词of的_____。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
复合
原因状语
有些学生这副模样，只是因为他们害怕老师提问。
宾语
10.However，if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping，then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work.(P44 Para.5)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，if引导_________从句，主句中含有that引导的 从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
条件状语
但是，要是学生都懒得梳头，并且两眼因哭泣而发红，那么我能够推断她遇到了更严重的问题。
宾语
11.Whatever it is，I know I need to inquire and assess what is going on.(P44 Para.5)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，Whatever it is是whatever引导的_________从句，相当于no matter what it is；I need to...是省略that的_____从句，作know的_____，该从句中包含what引导的_____从句。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
复合
让步状语
不管是什么，我知道我必须去探个究竟，搞明白发生了什么事情。
宾语
宾语
宾语
12.Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities，when to intervene，and when to talk to students individually，so they can all get the most out of school.(P44 Para.6)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，when to adjust class activities，when to intervene，and when to talk to students individually是三个并列的“疑问词＋to do”结构作_____。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
并列
宾语
他们的肢体语言让我知道该何时调整课堂活动、何时干预、何时与学生单独谈话，从而让他们在校收获最大。
13.Reacting to body language is an important component of being a teacher.(P44 Para.6)
[结构分析] 此句是_____句，Reacting to body language是动词-ing形式作_____，being a teacher是动词-ing形式作介词of的_____。
[汉语翻译] _____________________________________________________
返 回
简单
主语
对肢体语言作出反应是教师职责的重要组成部分。
宾语
语言知识梳理
换句话说；也就是说
[北师大版必修第一册Unit 1] In other words，you can make a list and do all the important things first.换句话说，你可以列个清单，先做所有重要的事情。
1
in other words
in a/one word总之，简言之
have a word with与……谈一谈
have words with与……吵嘴
break one’s word失信，食言
keep one’s word遵守诺言
(1)The other day she ______________(与……吵嘴) her husband because he ______________(食言) and she felt a wave of anger hitting her chest.After calming down，the husband decided on __________________
(与……谈一谈) his wife sincerely and promised to ______________(遵守诺言) no matter what happened.
(2)They refused to employ him.________________ ，he didn’t obtain the position.
had words with
broke his word
having a word with
keep his word
In other words
(3)(2023·上海1月，书面表达)总之，只有你组织一些有趣的话题，创造一个和谐的学习环境，我们才能积极参与英语口语课。(“only＋状语”位于句首引起的倒装句)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ take an active part in the oral English class.
In a/one word，only if/when you organize some interesting topics and create a harmonious learning environment can we
写作佳句
vi.&vt.区分；辨别；使杰出；看清；认出(distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的)
2
distinguish
[教材原句P44] While it is easy to perceive when students are interested，bored，or distracted，it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。
[外研版必修第三册Unit 5] The solar rays shone through the watery mass easily，and consumed all colour，and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.阳光轻易地穿透水层，并消除了所有的色彩，我能清晰地辨认出150码以内的物体。
·distinguish between...and...区分/辨别……和……
·distinguish...from...使……有别于……；把……与……区分开
·distinguish oneself (as...)使出众；使著名
(1)He distinguishes himself ____ an environmentalist._____________ (distinguish) and responsible，he calls on those around him to contribute to the protection of the environment.
as
Distinguished
(2)(记叙文之人物描写)我们的老师不仅教我们如何区分善恶，而且他还采用有趣的教学方法。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ but he also employs interesting teaching methods.
写作佳句
Not only does our teacher teach us how to distinguish good from evil/distinguish between good and evil
n.焦虑；担心；害怕；渴望 (anxious adj.忧虑的；焦虑的；渴望的anxiously adv.焦虑地)
anxiety
3
[教材原句P44] Students who are angry，afraid，or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed，like they are guarding their bodies.愤怒、害怕或焦虑的学生会双臂交叉放在胸前，双腿并拢或交叉，像是在保护自己的身体。
[译林版选择性必修第二册Unit 3] And it has been used to treat more than just physical problems—acupuncturists have discovered that the treatment helps with mental problems like depression and anxiety too.针灸师发现，这种疗法不仅可以治疗身体问题，还可以治疗抑郁症和焦虑症等精神问题。
·with anxiety焦虑地
·be anxious to do sth急于做某事
be anxious for/about sb/sth担心/忧虑某人/某事
be anxious for sb to do sth渴望某人做某事
be anxious that...(should) do急切希望……
(1)As August draws to a close，the students are becoming more and more anxious _________(receive) their admission notices.
(2)She was quite anxious _________ the safety of her husband and she couldn’t help weeping.
to receive
about/for
(3)(读后续写之情绪描写)夜幕降临，我们站在山脚下，焦急地等他回来。
The night fell and we stood at the foot of the mountain，_______
_________________________________.
(4)(2024·上海1月，书面表达)我们希望您能谈谈文学在我们的精神生活中所扮演的角色。
We ___________________________________________________
____________________________ literature plays in our mental and spiritual life.
waiting
写作佳句
for his return anxiously/with anxiety
are anxious for you to talk about the role/are anxious that you (should) talk about the role
adj.难堪的；尴尬的(embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬embarrassing adj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的embarrassment n.尴尬，难为情)
embarrassed
4
[教材原句P44] They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.他们也会双手捂脸，一副尴尬或羞愧的样子。
[外研版选择性必修第一册Unit 2] I felt embarrassed，even though no one could see me.即使没有人能看见我，我也觉得尴尬。
·be/feel embarrassed to do sth因做某事感到尴尬
be/feel embarrassed about/at...因……感到难为情/不知所措
·to one’s embarrassment让某人尴尬的是
(1)(读后续写之尴尬情绪描写)_____________(embarrass) and ashamed，she opened her mouth with her eyes widening and her face turning red.
(2)(2021·浙江1月，读后续写)To my _______________(embarrass)，my head was ultimately stuck in the huge pumpkin.
(3)I was embarrassed _________ making such a silly mistake in public and I had no choice but to lower my head.
Embarrassed
embarrassment
about/at
(4)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)学校教练担心如果他在越野赛跑中失利，大卫会因受到来自其他学校孩子的嘲笑而感到尴尬。
The school’s coach was afraid that David ___________________
______________________________________ if he failed in the cross-country run.
was/felt embarrassed
写作佳句
to be laughed at by kids from other schools
adj.羞愧的；惭愧的(shame n.羞耻；羞愧；遗憾的事shameful adj.可耻的shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的)
ashamed
5
·be ashamed of...为……而感到羞耻
be ashamed to do sth羞于/耻于做某事
be ashamed that...对……感到羞愧
·It’s a shame that...……真让人遗憾。
What a shame/pity！真遗憾！
(1)(应用文写作之道歉信)I am ashamed __________(bother) you with so much trouble and please accept my apology.
to bother
(2)(2024·上海6月，书面表达)真遗憾，你父母不赞成你做饭，我完全理解你的失望和沮丧。
________________ your parents don’t approve of your cooking and I completely perceive your disappointment and sadness.
(3)(读后续写之心理描写)她的脸上泛起了红晕，头轻轻地垂着，眼角上闪着羞愧的泪光。
Her face flushed，her head was hanging gently，and _________
___________________________________________.
It’s a shame that
写作佳句
tears of
shame were shining from the corners of her eyes
(4)(读后续写之心理描写)为自己犯了愚蠢的错误感到羞愧，我觉得好像有一把刀在割我的心，泪水模糊了我的眼睛。
___________________________________________________________________________，I felt as if a knife were cutting my heart and tears clouded my eyes.(形容词短语作状语)
Ashamed of the silly mistake I had made/Ashamed that I had made the silly mistake
(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请；号召
call on
6
[教材原句P44] Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher.有些学生这副模样，只是因为他们害怕老师提问。
[译林版选择性必修第二册Unit 2] The 2008 Beijing Olympics called on the whole world to join in the Olympic spirit and build a better future for humanity with the slogan “One World，One Dream”.2008年北京奥运会以“同一个世界，同一个梦想”为口号，号召全世界共同弘扬奥林匹克精神，为人类建设更加美好的未来。
call for需要
call up给……打电话；使回忆起
call back回电话；收回
call in请来；召来
call off取消
(1)(2022·全国甲，书面表达)Representing my classmates，I call on each individual _________(make) contributions to ocean protection.
to make
(2)The old scarf called ____ memories of my old friend，and hence，I called him ____，asking whether we could meet at the amusement center the next day.
(3)No matter who opposes me，by no means will I call ____ my plan to carry out the experiment.
up
up
off
(4)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)这对双胞胎在准备母亲节早餐时遇到很大困难，因此，他们请来父亲帮助他们。父亲和蔼地告诉他们：“做一顿美味的早餐需要极大的耐心和一些技能。”
The twins had great difficulty preparing a Mother’s Day breakfast，so they _____________________________.The father told them kindly，“_____________________________________
___________________________.”
called in their father to help them
写作佳句
Cooking a delicious breakfast calls for
great patience and some skills
vt.调整；调节vi.&vt.适应；(使)习惯(adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的adjustment n.调整；调节；适应)
adjust
7
[教材原句P44] Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities，when to intervene，and when to talk to students individually，so they can all get the most out of school.他们的肢体语言让我知道该何时调整课堂活动、何时干预、何时与学生单独谈话，从而让他们在校收获最大。
[外研版必修第三册Unit 1] When Riley moves to a new city，she has a hard time adjusting to her new surroundings.当莱利搬到一个新的城市时，她很难适应新的环境。
adjust (oneself) to (doing) sth (使某人自己)适应(做)某事
make an adjustment/adjustments (to sth)(对……)做出调整
(1)I am writing to inquire about how to adjust ____ the new school life.
to
(2)(应用文写作之结束语)如果你有任何问题，请尽管联系我以便我可以调整先前的安排。
If you have any questions，don’t hesitate to contact me so that _____________________________________________________.
I can make adjustments to/adjust the former arrangements
写作佳句
[教材原句P44] (1)It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open.
他们好像睁着眼睛在睡觉。
(2)With their chins on their hands，they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.他们托着下巴，全神贯注地盯着窗外或天花板。
[结构分析] 第(1)句是复合句，as though引导表语从句；第(2)句是简单句，staring out of the window or up at the ceiling是动词-ing形式作介词by的宾语，两句中都含有with的复合结构。
8
with的复合结构
with的复合结构在句中作状语和定语，主要包括：
·with＋宾语＋to do(表示将来的动作)
·with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动或进行)
·with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成)
·with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj./adv.
(1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我的心狂跳着，我冲进老师的办公室，兴奋地说：“如果没有您的帮助，我不会赢得第一名。”然后我的老师轻轻地拍了拍我的肩膀，回答说：“你的文章经过一遍又一遍的重写，难怪你能成功。”
____________________________，I dashed into the teacher’s office，saying excitedly，“But for your help，I wouldn’t have won first prize.” Then my teacher patted me on the shoulder gently，responding，“_____
_____________________________________，it is no wonder you made it.”
With my heart beating wildly
With
your article rewritten over and over again
(2)(读后续写之情绪描写)随着比赛的临近，有那么多的工作要做，我焦虑得无法控制地流下了眼泪。
_______________________________________________________________________________________，so anxious was I that I shed tears uncontrollably.
(3)门开着，灯亮着，他冲出房子，寻找他丢失的狗。
__________________________________，he rushed out of the house，searching for his lost dog.
With the competition approaching/drawing near/around the corner and (with) so much work to do
With the door open and the light on
返 回
基础达标检测
1.His work occupies him for the whole day. 　_________
2.He distinguished himself by winning four gold medals. _________
3.The insurance manager bears the responsibility of adjusting losses.
____________
4.These new problems pose a challenge to all of us students.
____________________
vt.使忙碌
Ⅰ.品句猜词
vt.使杰出
vt.评估(损失)
vt.造成(威胁、问题等)
1.Now that she is occupied with her work，I don’t want to _______ her with my problems.
2.How each of you ______ to the event will influence our final assessment.
3.I am writing to ________ about why my son came into conflict with his classmate.
4.The incident that happened just now is ____________(使分心) me from my work.
bother
Ⅱ.单词拼写
reacts
inquire
distracting
5.I perceived that the boy was ________(凝视) at me and I asked him the reason curiously.
6.Seeing the adorable kid，the woman _____(弯腰) to kiss his face gently.
staring
bent
1.The washing machine seems to have broken _______ again，so the educator determines to buy a new one.
2.He revealed my personal life in public，which made me more than ____________(embarrass).
3.This _____________(distinguish) professor at Peking University provides us with many superb suggestions on how to improve our professional ability.
4.I was so ashamed ___ my performance that tears rolled down my cheeks.
down
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
embarrassed
distinguished
of
5.I will adopt his proposals on how to make an __________(adjust) to the former plan.
6.If you hadn’t had ___ word with him about academic learning，he would not have made enormous progress.
adjustment
a
As a teacher，I try to know what each student is thinking about by 1._________(watch) their body language.Recognizing 2._____ students are interested in a lesson is easy.Most students tend 3._______(look) up and make eye contact and sometimes they lean forward and look at me.If a student lowers his head to look at his watch，it implies he is 4._______ (bore).If two friends are leaning their heads together，they are 5._________ (probable) writing notes to each other.Some students are easy to be distracted.
watching
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
when
to look
bored
probably
Instead of looking at me，they spend all their time looking anywhere.
Then again，some students prefer daydreaming.6._____ their chins on their hands，they occupy 7.____________(they) by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.In these 8._______(case)，they should 9._____
_________(remind) to concentrate.Reacting to body language is 10.____ important component of being a teacher.
With
themselves
返 回
cases
be
reminded
an
作业4
1.He strongly suggests __________(查阅) unfamiliar words in the newly-bought English-Chinese dictionary.
2.The little girl is so shy that she ____________________________(害怕做眼神交流) with others.
3.We ______________________________________(谈论) this challenging issue for about two hours but we haven’t reached an agreement.
4.Scientists made an attempt to _______________(注意) every detail when they performed the experiment.
looking up
is afraid of making eye contact
Ⅰ.短语填空
have talked about/have been talking about
pay attention to
5.He ______________(盯着……看) his cellphone when someone knocked at the door.
6.He _________(对……作出反应) my suggestion positively，which made me more than happy.
7.He _________________(与……发生冲突) his classmate yesterday and was considering how to break down their conflicts.
was staring at
reacted to
had conflicts with
1.听说你急于学习中国的肢体语言，我写信是想告诉你在中国使用肢体语言时要注意什么。(疑问词＋不定式)
Hearing that you are anxious to learn Chinese body language，I’m writing to tell you _______________________________________________
_________.
what to pay attention to when you use body language
Ⅱ.主题微写作——学校生活
in China
2.当中国人见面时，他们经常轻轻握手来表示问候，但戴着手套握手被认为是不礼貌的。(with的复合结构)
When Chinese people meet each other，they often shake hands lightly to express greetings，but ________________________________________________.
3.当你和中国人交流时，适当调整你和别人的距离，不要太近也不要太远。(it作形式主语)
When you communicate with Chinese people，______________________
________________________，neither too close nor too far away.
it is thought impolite to shake hands with gloves on
it is proper to adjust
your distance from others
4.如果你使用不得体的肢体语言，你会觉得很尴尬和羞愧。(if引导条件状语从句)
_______________________________，you will feel quite embarrassed and ashamed.
5.当然，恰当地使用肢体语言需要不断的练习，所以为什么不来中国亲身体验一下中国人的肢体语言呢？(动词-ing形式作主语)
Of course，____________________________________________________，so why not come to China to experience Chinese body language in person
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
If you use improper body language
using body language appropriately calls for constant practice
A
(2024·广东广州高二上期末)
There are many things that technology can do well when it comes to monitoring body language.Artificial intelligence(AI) can detect the slightest micro-expressions that even highly trained experts don’t always catch，and can tell the difference between a genuine smile and a fake one.But，when it comes to interpreting the subtle differences of body language，technology has a long way to go.
语篇解读　这是一篇议论文。文章从三个方面论证了人工智能尚且无法解读肢体语言的细微差异。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
One of the primary challenges AI faces in understanding body language lies in the complexity of human communication.Body language is not governed by strict rules or fixed patterns；it is heavily influenced by context，culture，and individual differences，making it difficult for AI to deal with such complicated situation.A simple nod can convey agreement or encouragement in one setting，but it might indicate impatience or disapproval in another，which can only be picked up by an experienced observer.
There’s also a problem because AI lacks the emotional intelligence and empathy that are unique to humans.Human beings interpret emotions not only by observing body language but also by drawing on their personal experiences，inborn empathy，and basic understanding of human psychology.AI，on the other hand，can only analyze data and recognize specific patterns associated with emotions，as it lacks the underlying emotional comprehension that is essential for a deeper understanding of body language.
Body language comprises a complicated web of non-verbal clues，such as facial expressions，gestures，posture，eye contact，and touch.As technology advances and research progresses，AI may become more skillful at detecting body language signals，but it is unlikely to obtain the necessary depth of human perception and emotional comprehension in the foreseeable future.Meanwhile，understanding and responding to non-verbal communication will continue to rely primarily on the human brain，which has been “wired” to read body language from the time human began communicating with one another.
1.In what way is AI better than human，according to the passage
A.Noticing the subtle facial expressions.
B.Understanding micro-expressions.
C.Interpreting body language.
D.Distinguishing feelings and attitudes.
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Artificial intelligence(AI) can detect the slightest micro-expressions that even highly trained experts don’t always catch，and can tell the difference between a genuine smile and a fake one.”可知，人工智能在捕捉微表情方面做得比人类更好。故选A。
解析
√
2.What is the key factor in humans’ understanding body language
A.Cultural communication.
B.Personal connections.
C.Understanding signals.
D.Emotional comprehension.
√
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“AI，on the other hand，can only analyze data and recognize specific patterns associated with emotions，as it lacks the underlying emotional comprehension that is essential for a deeper understanding of body language.”可知，人工智能无法读懂肢体语言是因为它缺乏对深层理解肢体语言所必需的潜在情感理解。由此推知，人类理解肢体语言的关键因素是情感理解。故选D。
解析
3.What will happen in the foreseeable future
A.AI will finally understand body language as deeply as humans.
B.AI will do better in detecting body language signals than humans.
C.AI cannot replace humans in reading and reacting to body language.
D.AI may become more automatic with the development of technology.
√
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As technology advances and research progresses...it is unlikely to obtain...in the foreseeable future.Meanwhile，understanding and responding to non-verbal communication will continue to rely primarily on the human brain”可知，在可预见的未来，人工智能在解读和回应肢体语言方面无法取代人类，故选C。
解析
4.Which can be the best title of the passage
A.How AI Comprehends Body Language
B.Why AI Can’t Read Body Language Yet
C.Who Is Better at Reading Body Language
D.How Humans Respond to Body Language
√
标题归纳题。根据全文内容，并结合第一段中“But，when it comes to interpreting the subtle differences of body language，technology has a long way to go.”可知，文章从三个方面论证了人工智能尚且无法解读肢体语言的细微差异。故B项“为什么人工智能还不能读懂肢体语言”适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。
解析
B(此篇精读)
New glove can translate sign language instantly through an app，researchers say.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型手套，该手套由加州研究人员开发，内置传感器，能通过智能手机应用把美国手语实时翻译为英语，促进手语与非手语使用者间的沟通。
California researchers developed a glove embedded with electronic sensors that can translate American Sign Language(ASL) into English in real time through an app on your smartphone.
Unlike its past counterparts，the new glove is lightweight，inexpensive and long-lasting.The device could help remove communication barriers between signers and non-signers.Hopefully，this may open up an easy way for people who use sign language to communicate directly with non-signers without needing someone else to translate for them.
The team worked with four people who are deaf and use ASL and had them repeat gestures up to 15 times while wearing the glove-like device，simultaneously teaching a machine how to recognize them.
The glove has thin，stretchable sensors made from “electrically conducting yarns” that run up each finger and convert the movements into signals.These signals are sent to a “dollar-coin-sized” circuit board placed on the person’s wrist，which then wirelessly transfers them over to a smartphone.
The system was able to recognize 660 hand motions and finger placements that stand for each letter in the English alphabet，different phrases and each number.The algorithm(计算程序) recognized the correct signs about 99% of the time，and in less than one second—or about a tone word per second.
The researchers also placed sensors in between the participants’ eyebrows and on the sides of their mouths to “capture facial expressions that are a part of ASL”.The same exact hand-shape and movement can totally change meaning because of the facial expression that is used to accompany it.Take the word MUCH for example.The degree of how much can totally be determined by the facial expression alone while the sign stays the same.
Researchers said the glove would need to learn more vocabulary and be able to translate signs faster in order to get a commercial version of it in stores.
5.Who is the new glove intended for
A.Translators.
B.Deaf people.
C.English learners.
D.Sign language users.
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Hopefully，this may open up an easy way for people who use sign language to communicate directly with non-signers without needing someone else to translate for them.”可知，这款新手套是为手语使用者设计的。故选D。
解析
√
6.What does paragraph 4 mainly say about the new glove
A.Its reliability.
B.Its components.
C.Its working principle.
D.Its broad applications.
√
段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，这款手套有细长的可伸缩传感器，可以将动作转化为信号。这些信号被发送到放置在人手腕上的一个电路板上，然后被无线传输到智能手机上。由此可知，本段主要介绍了这款新手套的工作原理。故选C。
解析
7.How do researchers improve the glove’s correctness of recognition
A.By connecting it to smartphones.
B.By catching information from more angles.
C.By lengthening the time of catching gestures.
D.By inputting more letters and words in English.
推理判断题。根据第七段中的“The researchers also placed sensors in between the participants’ eyebrows and on the sides of their mouths to ‘capture facial expressions that are a part of ASL’.”可推知，研究人员通过从更多角度捕捉手语的信息来提高手套的识别准确性。故选B。
解析
√
8.What will researchers do with the glove in the future
A.Bring it to market.
B.Update its outlook.
C.Extend its service life.
D.Improve its performance.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，这款手套需要学习更多的词汇，并能够更快地翻译手语，才能在商店中销售。由此推知，在未来，研究人员将进一步提高这款手套的性能。故选D。
解析
1.develop熟义：v.发展　生义(文义)：v.研发
2.stretch vi.延伸；延续 vi.& vt.伸展；舒展→stretchable adj.能伸展的；可伸缩的
词汇积累
The team worked with four people who are deaf and use ASL and had them repeat gestures up to 15 times while wearing the glove-like device，simultaneously teaching a machine how to recognize them.
分析：此句为复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰people；while wearing...为状语从句的省略，teaching...为现在分词短语作伴随状语。
翻译：该团队与四名使用美国手语的聋哑人合作，让他们戴着类似手套的设备重复手势多达15次，同时教机器如何识别这些手势。
句式分析
(2024·浙江温州高二上期末)
Many people suspect the effectiveness of body language. 1 The following is a list of popular myths(谬论) and misconceptions.
A.There is no point in denying it.
B.Body language is specific to culture.
C.All they indicate is that someone is stressed.
D.Research shows that most people find it wrong.
E.Putting your hands behind your back shows power.
F.The question is whether it is possible to fake body language.
G.This negative view towards body language is often due to myths.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了关于肢体语言的谬论和误解。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
√
根据上文“Many people suspect the effectiveness of body language.”和下文“The following is a list of popular myths(谬论) and misconceptions.”可知，本句应说明上文“许多人怀疑肢体语言的有效性”这种对肢体语言的负面看法是由于谬论，G选项能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。
解析
A.There is no point in denying it.
B.Body language is specific to culture.
C.All they indicate is that someone is stressed.
D.Research shows that most people find it wrong.
E.Putting your hands behind your back shows power.
F.The question is whether it is possible to fake body language.
G.This negative view towards body language is often due to myths.
Myth 1：Faking body language is not OK.
Faking is part of human’s way of life and people seem to be always fascinated with any method that allows them to fake when they need it.Is that wrong The truth is that there is no harm in trying.The ultimate aim with body language is to improve the overall quality of the communication and allow you to get what you want.As selfish as this may sound，this is what everybody is after. 2 If you find that a particular technique works for you，go ahead and use it.
√
由上文“Faking is part of human’s way of life and people seem to be always fascinated with any method that allows them to fake when they need it.Is that wrong？...The ultimate aim with body language is to improve the overall quality of the communication and allow you to get what you want.”以及下文“If you find...go ahead and use it.”可知，“假装使用肢体语言”是可取的，大家都这样做。F选项承接上文，说明假装使用肢体语言要注意什么问题，符合题意。故选F。
解析
Myth 2：You can spot a lie through body language.
Over the years there have been many claims that certain non-verbal signals indicate that a person is lying.These gestures and non-verbal signals are now well-known，such as touching the nose and covering the mouth.
A.There is no point in denying it.
B.Body language is specific to culture.
C.All they indicate is that someone is stressed.
D.Research shows that most people find it wrong.
E.Putting your hands behind your back shows power.
F.The question is whether it is possible to fake body language.
G.This negative view towards body language is often due to myths.
However，some researchers have found that these signals don’t directly indicate that someone is lying. 3 Pressure doesn’t necessarily mean that the person is lying；it is only a signal among others.
√
根据上文“However，some researchers have found...is lying.”和下文“Pressure doesn’t necessarily mean that the person is lying；it is only a signal among others.”可知，本空要说摸鼻子、捂嘴这样的肢体动作可能表明人们有压力，故C选项能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。
解析
Myth 3： 4
For a long time，presentation coaches on body language seem to have been advising people that holding their hands behind them is a sign of power.
A.There is no point in denying it.
B.Body language is specific to culture.
C.All they indicate is that someone is stressed.
D.Research shows that most people find it wrong.
E.Putting your hands behind your back shows power.
F.The question is whether it is possible to fake body language.
G.This negative view towards body language is often due to myths.
√
根据下文“For a long time，presentation coaches on body language seem to have been advising people that holding their hands behind them is a sign of power.”可知，本空要说跟“把手放在背后显示权力”有关的谬论，故E选项能概括本段主题，符合题意。故选E。
解析
5 Hence，putting hands behind you with an intention to show off your power is a myth.Generally，when hands are hidden from view，people become mistrustful of you because they cannot see what you are doing or holding.
A.There is no point in denying it.
B.Body language is specific to culture.
C.All they indicate is that someone is stressed.
D.Research shows that most people find it wrong.
E.Putting your hands behind your back shows power.
F.The question is whether it is possible to fake body language.
G.This negative view towards body language is often due to myths.
√
根据下文“Hence，putting hands behind you with an intention to show off your power is a myth.”可知，本空与后文为因果关系，解释后文。故D选项能引起下文，符合题意。故选D。
解析
(2025·广东惠州高二上期中)
Gestures are the “silent language” of every culture.We point a finger or move another part of the body to show what we want to say,1. is common in our daily life.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了美国人的手势语言。
Ⅴ.语法填空
which
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，句中“用手指或移动身体的另一部分来表达我们想说的话”这一行为在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
解析
It is important to know the body language of every country，or we may 2.________________(misunderstand).
be misunderstood
考查动词语态。分析句意和句子结构可知，misunderstand(误解)是句中谓语动词，与主语we之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态。在情态动词后助动词be用原形。故填be misunderstood。
解析
In the USA，in general，people greet each other with a handshake in a formal introduction and the handshake must be firm.Space is of 3.__________(important) to Americans.Americans are not 4.___________
(comfort) when a person stands too close.They will move back to have their space 5.________(instant).Americans are likely 6.______(look) at the other person in the eyes when they are talking.If you don’t do so，it means you are bored，hiding something，or are not interested.
importance
comfortable
instantly
to look
3.考查名词。“be of＋抽象名词”是固定结构，用来说明主语的性质或特征；is of importance相当于is important。故填importance。
4.考查形容词。空格处作表语，应用形容词comfortable，表明主语的心理状态。故填comfortable。
5.考查副词。空格处修饰动词move，用副词instantly作状语，意为“立刻”。故填instantly。
6.考查非谓语动词。固定搭配be likely to do sth表示“很有可能做某事”。故填to look。
解析
For Americans，thumbs-up 7. (represent) yes，very good，or well done.Thumbs-down means the opposite.8. is all right to point at things but not at people with the index finger.Americans shake their index finger at children when they scold them and pat them on 9.____ head when they admire them.
represents
It
the
7.考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，represent(代表)是句中谓语动词，与主语thumbs-up之间是主动关系，描述一般性事实，用一般现在时，又因主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填represents。
8.考查it作形式主语。It is all right to do...是固定句型，意为“做……是可以的”，其中it作形式主语；句首单词首字母大写。故填It。
9.考查冠词。定冠词the用于“动词＋sb＋介词＋the＋某个部位”。故填the。
解析
Learning a culture’s unspoken language is sometimes 10.__________
(confuse).If you don’t know what to do，the safest thing to do is smile.
confusing
考查形容词。空格处作表语，表明主语Learning a culture’s unspoken language的特征，用-ing结尾的形容词confusing，意为“令人困惑的”。故填confusing。
解析
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