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Period 1　Reading and Thinking
1．Why did Yuan Longping consider himself a farmer
A．He was born in a farmer family.
B．He was educated at an agricultural college.
C．He was known as the “father of hybrid rice”．
D．He continually worked the land in his research.
答案　D
2．What contributed to Yuan Longping’s studying agriculture
A．His parents’ wish.
B．His eagerness to win awards in agriculture.
C．His desire to pursue wealth by selling seeds.
D．Helping farmers suffering from a lack of food.
答案　D
3．How long did it take Yuan Longping to develop his super hybrid rice
A．12 years. B．14 years.
C．21 years. D．30 years.
答案　C
4．How has Yuan’s work helped China and other countries
A．Yuan helped farmers earn more money.
B．It helped farmers yield more rice to feed the world.
C．Yuan donated his rice to farmers at home and abroad.
D．He helped farmers throughout the world study agriculture.
答案　B
5．How does the author demonstrate Yuan’s qualities based on paragraph 5
A．By listing examples.
B．By listing numbers.
C．By making contrasts.
D．By giving definitions.
答案　C
6．What does the word “envisioned” mean in paragraph 6
A．Designed. B．Heard.
C．Imagined. D．Witnessed.
答案　C
7．What kind of writing is this text
A．A novel. B．A diary.
C．A biography. D．A news report.
答案　C
A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE
Yuan Longping，[1]known as the “father of hybrid rice”，was one of China’s most famous scientists.Yet，he considered himself a farmer because he continually worked the land1 in his research.Indeed，his slim but strong body was just like2 that of millions of Chinese farmers，[2]to whom he had devoted his life3.
[1]动词-ed形式短语known as...作定语，修饰Yuan Longping。be known as...意为“作为……而出名”。
[2]to whom he had devoted his life是“介词＋whom”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词Chinese farmers。devote...to是固定搭配，介词to被提到了关系代词前面。
词块翻译：
1．耕种土地，在地里工作
2．像
3．奉献他的一生
Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing.His parents wanted him to pursue a career in4 science or medicine.However，[3]what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of5 food to eat.[4]To tackle this crisis，he chose to6 study agriculture and received an education7 at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.
[3]what concerned him most was that...是主从复合句。what concerned him most是主语从句，what在此处的意思是“……的事”。that farmers often had poor harvests...是表语从句。
[4]动词不定式短语To tackle this crisis在句中作目的状语。
4.从事……工作
5．严重缺乏
6．选择做某事
7．接受教育
After graduating in 1953，he worked as8 a researcher.Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution.Instead，farmers needed to boost yields9 in the fields [5]they had.[6]How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.Yuan was convinced that10 the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species.One characteristic of hybrids is [7]that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops11.However，[8]whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of12 great debate.The common assumption then was that it could not be done.Through intense effort，Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties13 to develop the first hybrid rice [9]that could be used for farming in 1974.This hybrid enabled farmers to14 expand their output greatly.
[5]they had 是定语从句，修饰先行词the fields。引导词that/which 因在从句中作宾语而被省略了。
[6]How this could be done 是由How引导的主语从句。
[7]that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops是表语从句，引导词是that，在从句中无实义，只起连接作用，不可省略。
[8]whether it was possible...rice是由whether引导的主语从句，在整个句子中作主语。
[9]that could be used for farming in 1974 是定语从句，先行词是hybrid rice，引导词that在定语从句中作主语。
8.担任；以……身份而工作
9．增加产量
10．确信
11．传统的作物
12．关乎……的事情
13．攻克了许多技术难题
14．使……做某事
Today，[10]it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of15 crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains，and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year16.Yuan’s innovation has helped feed not just China，but many other countries [11]that depend on17 rice as well，such as India and Vietnam.Because of18 his invaluable contributions，Yuan Longping received numerous awards both in China and abroad.
[10]it is estimated that...中it是形式主语，后面的that从句是真正的主语。that只起连接作用，不作任何成分。it作形式主语时，真正的主语可以是动词不定式、动词-ing形式(短语)或从句。本句中generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains是动词-ed形式短语作定语，可转化为定语从句which are generated from...。
[11]that depend on rice as well，such as India and Vietnam是定语从句，先行词是countries，that在定语从句中作主语，这里that也可换成which。
15.包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)
16．每年
17．依靠；取决于
18．因为
[12]Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy，one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure19.However，this is far from20 the case.Deep down21，Yuan was still very much a farmer at heart.As a man of the soil，he cared little for22 celebrity or money.Instead，he made large donations to23 support agricultural research.
[12]given that“考虑到；鉴于”，引导原因状语从句。
19.退休享受悠闲的生活
20．远非；绝不是
21．在内心深处；本质上；实际上
22．关心，照顾；喜欢
23．捐款做某事
[13]What impressed people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams24.Long ago，he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum，with each ear of rice as big as a broom，and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut.He succeeded in25 producing a kind of rice [14]that could feed more people at home and abroad26.His later vision for “seawater rice” also became a reality27，and potentially opened up28 nearly one million square kilometres of salty land in China for rice production.Even in his later years，Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision，and everyone was always excited to see what he would dream up29 next.
[13]What impressed people most about Yuan Longping是主语从句。What是主语从句的连接词，且在主语从句中作主语，意思是“……的事情”。
[14]that could feed more people at home and abroad是定语从句，修饰先行词a kind of rice，that在定语从句中作主语。
24.实现他的梦想
25．成功地做某事
26．在国内外
27．变成现实
28．打开；开发
29．凭空想出(不同寻常的计划、主意)
析篇章结构
devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于(常与介词to连用) (devoted adj.挚爱的；全心全意的；忠诚的devotion n．奉献；忠诚；挚爱)
[教材原句P50]Indeed，his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he had devoted his life.确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。
[译林版必修第二册Unit 4]My meaning simply is，that whatever I have tried to do in life，I have tried with all my heart to do well；that whatever I have devoted myself to，I have devoted myself to completely；that in great aims and in small，I have always been thoroughly in earnest.我的意思很简单：我在生活中尝试做的任何事情，我都会全心全意去做好；我致力于做的任何事，我都会全身心投入；无论是大的目标，还是小的目标，我都会非常认真。
·devote...to把……用于；献身；致力；专心 devote oneself to致力于；献身于 ·be devoted to专心于；致力于
(1)Devoted(devote) to his research，rarely does the distinguished scientist go to the cinema with his family.
＝Devoting(devote) himself to his research，rarely does the distinguished scientist go to the cinema with his family.
[写作佳句]
(2)(话题写作之人物介绍)我最尊敬的人是袁隆平，他终生致力于研究杂交水稻和为人民服务。正是他的奉献和无私为他赢得了国内外的赞誉和尊重。
The person I respect most is Yuan Longping，who devoted his whole life to studying hybrid rice and serving the people/devoted himself to/was devoted to studying hybrid rice and serving the people in his whole life.It was his devotion and selflessness that won him much praise and respect both at home and abroad.
convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服(convincing adj.有说服力的；使人信服的convinced adj.确信的；坚信的)
[教材原句P50]Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.袁隆平确信答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。
[译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 3]Columbus called the natives living on the islands Indians because he was convinced that he was in the East Indies.哥伦布称居住在群岛上的土著为印第安人，因为他确信自己在东印度群岛。
·convince sb of sth使某人确信/明白某事 convince sb that...使某人相信…… convince sb to do sth说服某人做某事 ·be convinced (that)/of...坚信……
(1)Convinced(convince) that my most reliable friend，Li Hua，has the ability to do the job，I am writing to recommend him to you.
(2)Based on so much convincing(convince) evidence，I ultimately convinced all the judges that it was Tom who committed the crime.
[写作佳句]
(3)(2024·上海6月，书面表达)首先，你可以让你的父母相信你有能力确保烹饪时的安全。此外，你最好让你的父母相信你可以在烹饪和学习之间保持平衡。我相信，只要你按照上面的建议，你一定可以说服你的父母允许你自己做饭。
First of all，you can convince your parents of your ability to ensure safety when cooking.Furthermore，you’d better convince your parents that you can keep a balance between cooking and learning.I am convinced that as long as you follow the above suggestions，you can definitely convince your parents to allow you to cook on your own.
assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得(assume v．假定；认为；承担；担任assuming conj.假定；假设)
[教材原句P50]The common assumption then was that it could not be done.当时人们普遍认为这是不可能实现的。
[北师大版选择性必修第二册Unit 5]People make the assumption that if someone important and respected says that something is right，then it must be so.如果一个重要的、受人尊敬的人说某件事是对的，那么人们就会认为这件事一定是对的。
·on the assumption that...假定…… ·assume sb/sth to be＋adj./n.假定/认为某人/某事(为)…… It is assumed that...人们认为…… ·assuming (that)...假设……
(1)Assuming(assume) that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Council，I will organize more colorful after-class activities，varying from English speech competitions to outdoor sports.
＝On the assumption(assume) that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Council，I will organize more colorful after-class activities，varying from English speech competitions to outdoor sports.
(2)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)The mother assumed the Mother’s Day breakfast of the twins to be(be) the most delicious in the world.
[写作佳句]
(3)(应用文写作之传统文化)人们普遍认为喝茶不仅能使我们更有活力，还能提高我们的记忆力。
People generally assume that/It is generally assumed that drinking tea can not only make us more energetic but also improve our memory.
overcome(＝get over) vt.克服；解决；战胜；(常用于被动语态)受到……的极大影响
[教材原句P50]Through intense effort，Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974.历经千辛万苦，袁隆平攻克了艰巨的技术难题，在1974年开发出了可用于耕作的第一代杂交水稻。
[译林版选择性必修第一册Unit 2]Overcome with sorrow，she jumps into his grave.她悲痛欲绝，于是跳进了他的坟墓。
be overcome by/with fear/despair/depression 被恐惧/绝望/抑郁深深影响
(1)The wolf was overcome(overcome) with extreme anger；it began to roar and smack(猛击) the window like crazy.
[写作佳句]
(2)(读后续写之快乐心理描写)他们欣喜若狂，伸出双臂，紧紧地拥抱在一起，好像永远不会再分开。
Overcome by/with great joy，they stretched out their arms and hugged each other tightly as if they would never separate again.
(3)(读后续写之感激情绪描写)感激的泪水顺着脸颊流淌，伯纳德说道：“任何言语都无法表达我对你们帮助我克服困难的感激之情。”
With tears of gratitude streaming down his cheeks，Bernard said，“No words can express how grateful I am to you for your helping me (to) overcome my problem.”
comprise vt.包括；包含；由……组成
[教材原句P50]Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains，and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。
由……组成 注意：make up 组成，构成
(1)(话题写作之活动安排)The coming-of-age ceremony is comprised(comprise) of three parts—raising the national flag and singing the national anthem(国歌)，speeches by the headmaster as well as three top students and the closing ceremony.
[写作佳句]
(2)(话题写作之学校活动)由听讲座、参加汉语书法比赛和观看视频组成，我们俱乐部提供的这些活动受到所有学生的欢迎。
Comprised of/Consisting of/Made up of/Composed of listening to lectures，taking part in Chinese calligraphy competitions and watching videos，the activities our club provides are popular with all the students.
given that...
[教材原句P51]Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy，one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.
鉴于袁隆平开发杂交水稻而变得相当富有，有人可能认为他会退休享受悠闲的生活。
·given that用作连词，可根据语境译为“考虑到、鉴于、假如、如果、只要、在有……的情况下”； ·其他同义表达有considering/regarding (鉴于、考虑到)，supposing(假如)，assuming(假使)，as long as (只要)
(1)(应用文写作之邀请信)考虑到你痴迷于乒乓球，我写信告诉你我们学校的乒乓球队现在正招募新队员。
Given that you are keen on table tennis，I am writing to tell you that the Table Tennis Team of our school is recruiting new members at present.
(2)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)考虑到这对双胞胎没有做母亲节早餐的经验，父亲面带笑容地乐意帮助他们。
Given that/Considering that the twins had no experience in cooking a Mother’s Day breakfast，the father was willing to help them，with a smile spreading on his face.
(3)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我的老师带着鼓励的微笑，温柔地说：“只要你专心写作，你一定会成功的。”
Wearing an encouraging smile，my teacher said gently，“As long as you devote yourself to writing，you will definitely make it.”
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.品句猜词
1．Despite numerous challenges，the brave boy didn’t yield to them，but instead，he would persist until he succeeded.vi.屈服，让步
2．Winning the competition was a wonderful boost for her spirit.n.激励
3．The night before the test I was overcome by fear and despair.vt.受到……的极大影响
4．I repeated the question and waited for her to expand.vi.详细阐明
Ⅱ.单词拼写
1.In other words，we should take a positive attitude to reality，and then we can live a happier life.
2．Some students are under intense pressure，which makes some educators worried.
3．Our English teacher called on us to read more English novels with the intention of expanding our vocabulary.
4.Merely five years after his death，smartphones defeated conventional PCs in sales.
5．More and more small shops have the tendency to be absorbed into big ones due to these global financial crises(危机)．
6．It was estimated(估计) that the cost to rebuild the stadium would be $8 million，so we should adjust the previous design.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．Devoted(devote) to tackling the difficult problem，he has no time to care for his family affairs.
2．My conclusion was based on the assumption(assume) that the new method could yield wonderful results.
3．I found his speech not convincing(convince) as a consequence of a lack of reliable data.
4．(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)The boss of the grocery store was overcome with/by great sadness，tears rolling down his cheeks without control.
5．The medical team comprised(comprise) of five experts discussed how to boost such patients’ well-being.
6．A shortage(short) of medicine and medical workers implied that many soldiers died without being treated.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Yuan Longping，who is known as the “father of hybrid rice”，considered himself 1.a farmer.Indeed，his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to 2.whom he had devoted his life.When he was young,3.what concerned him most was farmers’ 4.shortage(short) of food to eat，so he chose to study agriculture at college.After graduating in 1953，he worked as a researcher.He realised that larger fields were not the solution and devoted himself to 5.creating(create) a kind of hybrid rice，which could attain a 6.higher(high) yield.In 1974，he succeeded in making it a reality.Today,60% of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops 7.generated(generate) from his hybrid strains，for which he received numerous awards both in China and abroad.But the humorous old “farmer”，8.caring(care) little for celebrity or money，still lived a simple life.Even 9.in his later life，he still tried 10.to fulfil(fulfil) his dreams of ridding the world of hunger.
作业1　Reading and Thinking
[分值：64分]
Ⅰ.短语填空(共7小题；每小题2分，满分14分)
1．I chose to(选择做) tackle this problem in a more scientific way on that day.
2．I am convinced that(确信) you can adjust yourself to the new environment as soon as possible.
3．I have worked as(担任) a tourist guide for two months and in other words，I have been familiar with the position.
4．He always depends on(依赖) me to offer him some tips on how to break down conflicts with others.
5．On the assumption that I dreamed/dreamt up(凭空想出) a good plan to get through the crisis，I would tell you immediately.
6．Thanks for caring for(关心) me and without you，I could have barely dealt with the problem.
7．It is because of(因为) my ability and sense of responsibility that enable me to be employed by the international company.
Ⅱ.主题微写作——校园农场(满分15分)
1．鉴于你对我们的校园农场项目感兴趣，我想与你分享一些有关它的信息。(given that)
Given that you are interested in our Campus Farm project，I’d like to share some information about it with you.
2．我们的校园农场项目包括种植、浇水、除草和收获作物，旨在促进可持续农业，为我们的社区提供新鲜农产品。(动词-ed形式作定语)
Our Campus Farm project comprised of planting，watering，weeding，and harvesting crops is aimed at promoting sustainable agriculture and providing fresh produce for our community.
3．学生们每天课后做的是学习土壤准备和害虫管理，以保持一个健康的农场。(what引导的主语从句)
What students do after class every day is learn about soil preparation and pest management to maintain a healthy farm.
4．事实是这个项目不仅使我们学校社区受益，而且提高了人们对发展健康农业重要性的认识。(that引导表语从句)
The fact is that the project not only benefits our school community but also raises people’s awareness of the importance of developing healthy agriculture.
5．假设你来我们学校，我会很高兴带你参观校园农场，它肯定会立刻吸引你。(定语从句)
On the assumption that you come to our school，I will be delighted to show you around the campus farm that/which will definitely attract you immediately.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2024·福建福州高二上期末)
As a kid，I was always around animals and I always enjoyed it.After my senior year of high school，we started renting this farm.Then I went away to Rhode Island School of Design to become an architect.After about two years and a half，I found that was not quite what I wanted to do.I felt I wanted to be an architect and have a hobby farm.But why not just have a farm and make it my career
It’s an exciting business.I think a lot of people don’t realize what’s involved with dairy farming(奶牛业)．We took some trips to some progressive farms out in New York when we first started.And it really changed my attitude of what you can do.You can be a successful business person with a lot of challenges.And those challenges are part of what makes it very exciting—it’s not just milking cows.There’s nutrition and finances and a lot of big day-to-day decisions.
Well，land is the biggest obstacle.Securing enough land is important.We don’t just need the land for the animals；we also need it to distribute the manure from the cows.And there’s a real balance，a real recycling.You take the feed；you give it to the cows，and the cows give you milk，but they also give you a lot of manure.And the best thing is putting it back on the land.You need 2 acres per cow basically，a cow and its calf.
The land that we rent is beautiful and the land that we own is beautiful.If you get half a mile off the road and look back at scenery across the valley，it’s impressive.You get the rows of grass and the cows in the distance.
1．Which of the following is included in the dairy farming according to the text
A．Designing for the dairy farming.
B．Playing with the cows around the farm.
C．Taking trips around the farm to enjoy life.
D．Milking cows，nutrition，finances and decisions.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“And those challenges are part of what makes it very exciting—it’s not just milking cows.There’s nutrition and finances and a lot of big day-to-day decisions.”可知，奶牛养殖包括挤奶、营养、财务和日常决策。故选D。
2．What’s the biggest challenge that the author faces
A．Huge amounts of money.
B．Securing enough land.
C．Highly qualified milk cows.
D．Quantities of workers.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Well，land is the biggest obstacle.Securing enough land is important.”可知，作者面临的最大挑战是确保有足够的土地，故选B。
3．What’s the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 3
A．Milk from the cows.
B．Chemical fertilizers.
C．Waste of the cows.
D．Food offered to the cows.
答案　C
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句和下文“And there’s a real balance，a real recycling.You take the feed；you give it to the cows，and the cows give you milk，but they also give you a lot of manure.And the best thing is putting it back on the land.”以及常识可知，奶牛不仅产奶，而且还会产生大量粪便，粪便被回收，作为土地的营养，由此可推知，画线单词意为“粪便”，故选C。
4．Which one is the best title for this text
A．The Architecture Designer
B．Highly Qualified Milk Cows
C．Famous Farmers Around the World
D．Building a Successful Dairy Business
答案　D
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第二段可知，文章主要介绍了作者成功经营奶牛农场的经历，所以D项“创立成功的乳品事业”是本文的最佳标题，故选D。
B (此篇精读)
(2025·山东临沂高二上期中)
Plants need phosphorus(磷) to grow.At first，people used organic or natural fertilizer.In 1842，English agricultural chemist John Bennet Lawes patented a process for treating phosphorus-rich bones and rocks with acid，making it easier for plants to obtain，and soon the world’s first human-made fertilizer began selling.
Later，scientists discovered that phosphorus was a bit tricky.The fertilizer Lawes produced contained a form of phosphorus that plants can easily use.But as soon as the phosphorus hit the soil，a large part of it reacted with soil minerals，forming substances that crops can’t access.Some also got locked away in equally unavailable organic forms.
So scientists concluded farmers shouldn’t cut back phosphorus.They should use more，especially as they raced to feed the world’s growing populations during the 20th century.In fact，it was once soil scientist Paul Withers’ job to spread the word.As a government farm advisor in the 1980s，he drove a red station wagon around the winding roads of rural England，telling farmers to make sure their crops got plenty of key nutrients.This method，which Withers calls “insurance-based farming”，is still widely used around the world.
But is the large amount of unused phosphorus in the soil—so-called legacy(遗留) phosphorus—actually as difficult to obtain as scientists once thought English crop scientist Roger Sylvester-Bradley has taken a first common-sense step：They stopped adding phosphorus fertilizer to half the barley field to see how the plants would grow.Eight years later，they have only just started to observe the first signs of phosphorus shortage.Barbara Cade-Menun，who oversees similar experiments in Canada，says，“Our production isn’t changing.”
“The plants can use our mistakes from the past，” says Sheida Sattari，whose 2012 analysis found global soils contain enough legacy phosphorus to cut the expected demand for new fertilizer in half by 2050.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，过去强调的每年要给农作物足够的磷肥是错误的，其实农作物可以靠土壤中的遗留磷生存。
5．What was the disadvantage of Lawes’ fertilizer
A．The cost of producing it was a bit high.
B．Too much of it would do harm to plants.
C．It could only be partly absorbed by plants.
D．It led to the loss of some minerals in the soil.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The fertilizer Lawes produced contained a form of phosphorus that plants can easily use.But as soon as the phosphorus hit the soil，a large part of it reacted with soil minerals，forming substances that crops can’t access.Some also got locked away in equally unavailable organic forms.”可知，Lawes研制的肥料缺点是只能部分被植物吸收。故选C。
6．What was Withers’ attitude to phosphorus overuse
A．He felt uncertain of it.
B．He was in favor of it.
C．He was worried about it.
D．He showed no interest in it.
答案　B
解析　观点态度题。根据第三段“So scientists concluded farmers shouldn’t cut back phosphorus.They should use more...In fact，it was once soil scientist Paul Withers’ job to spread the word...he...telling farmers to make sure their crops got plenty of key nutrients.This method，which Withers calls ‘insurance-based farming’，is still widely used around the world.”可推知，Withers对磷的过度使用持赞成态度。故选B。
7．What does paragraph 4 mainly focus on
A．The increasing costs of fertilizer.
B．The shortage of phosphorus resources.
C．The ineffectiveness of “insurance-based farming”．
D．The phosphorus pollution of the environment.
答案　C
解析　段落大意题。根据第三段末句和第四段中的“English crop scientist Roger Sylvester-Bradley has taken a first common-sense step：They stopped adding phosphorus fertilizer to half the barley field to see how the plants would grow.Eight years later，they have only just started to observe the first signs of phosphorus shortage.”以及“Our production isn’t changing.”可知，本段强调说明了“保险农业”的无效性，即没有必要每年都使用那么多磷肥。故选C。
8．What do Sattari’s words mean in the last paragraph
A．Crops can live on legacy phosphorus.
B．Phosphorus is a necessity to grow crops.
C．Unused phosphorus is causing big trouble.
D．It is wrong to use a large amount of phosphorus.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，Sattari的话说明农作物可以靠土壤中的遗留磷生存。故选A。
[词汇积累] 1．patent熟义 n．专利(权)，专利证书；专利发明 生义(文义)：v.获得……的专利权 2．trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏→tricky adj.难对付的，棘手的 3．oversee(派)＝over＋see v．监管，监督 [句式分析] In 1842，English agricultural chemist John Bennet Lawes patented a process for treating phosphorus-rich bones and rocks with acid，making it easier for plants to obtain，and soon the world’s first human-made fertilizer began selling. 分析：此句为and连接的并列句。句中的making...to obtain为现在分词短语作结果状语，这个结构中it作形式宾语。 翻译：1842年，英国农业化学家约翰·班纳特·劳斯申请了一项专利，用酸处理富含磷的骨头和岩石，使植物更容易获得(磷)。不久，世界上第一种人造肥料开始销售。
Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
I remember dreading(惧怕) having to sit through fifty-five whole minutes of a poetry class when I was in high school.But walking into that class 1 my life.
Before I took the 2 ，I believed poetry was all fluff(没多大意义的娱乐)—just rhymes about rainbows，flowers，love and the stars.I soon 3 that poetry could be about that，but it was also so much more.Poetry is about 4 yourself in a completely raw form and using phrases other than “the sky is blue”．Poetry is a reminder that it’s okay to feel pain. 5 is supposed to evoke emotion.
Through that high school poetry class，I found I was able to 6 the perspectives of so many lives.People I only knew the names of became people I was 7 invested in because I was forced to try to understand the experiences they had to 8 .Before the class，I was aware of the hardships my classmates suffered，but the poetry class let me 9 the same emotions they had through their poetry.
Since high school，I have taken two more poetry classes. 10 these classes，my writing has been strengthened，my listening skills have 11 and my public speaking has developed greatly.
My poetry classes helped me to view the world with a(n) 12 set of eyes and have taught me to 13 criticism with open arms.
Critical thinking，writing and public speaking are 14 in the workforce，and my poetry classes have enabled me to 15 those tools.Poetry has really changed my life.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了诗歌课给作者带来的好处，不仅使他具有同理心，教会他批判性思维，还加强了他的写作、听力和公开演讲能力。
1．A.changed B．ruined
C．simplified D．threatened
答案　A
解析　change改变；ruin毁掉；simplify简化；threaten危及。根据前文“But”及文章末句“Poetry has really changed my life.”可知，诗歌课改变了作者的生活。故选A。
2．A.chance B．job
C．test D．class
答案　D
解析　chance机会；job工作；test测试；class课程。根据前文“fifty-five whole minutes of a poetry class”可知，在上诗歌课之前，作者认为这门课没有意义。故选D。
3．A.claimed B．realized
C．considered D．hoped
答案　B
解析　claim宣称；realize意识到；consider考虑；hope希望。根据前文“I believed poetry was all fluff(没多大意义的娱乐)”及后文“poetry could be about that，but it was also so much more”可知，上课之后，作者对诗歌有了更深刻的认识。故选B。
4．A.expressing B．praising
C．examining D．proving
答案　A
解析　express表达；praise称赞；examine检查；prove证明。根据后文“yourself in a completely raw form”可知，诗歌是用一种完全原始的形式来表达你自己的情感。故选A。
5．A.Pain B．Love
C．Poetry D．Rhyme
答案　C
解析　pain痛苦；love爱；poetry诗歌；rhyme押韵。根据前文“Poetry is a reminder”及后文“to evoke emotion”可知，此处描述诗歌的功能，诗歌能够唤起情感。故选C。
6．A.challenge B．understand
C．adopt D．control
答案　B
解析　challenge挑战；understand理解；adopt采取；control控制。根据后文“the perspectives of so many lives”及“to understand the experiences”可知，通过诗歌课，作者对他人有了更好的理解。故选B。
7．A.emotionally B．wisely
C．initially D．widely
答案　A
解析　emotionally情感上；wisely明智地；initially最初；widely广泛地。根据前文“ is supposed to evoke emotion.”可知，诗歌课可以唤起情感，此处指作者开始从情感上理解周围的人和事。故选A。
8．A.talk about B．learn from
C．deal with D．make up
答案　C
解析　talk about讨论；learn from从……中学习；deal with应对；make up组成。根据前文“to understand the experiences they had to”可知，作者尝试去理解他们不得不应对的生活经历。故选C。
9．A.release B．display
C．hide D．experience
答案　D
解析　release释放；display展览；hide隐藏；experience体验。根据后文“the same emotions they had through their poetry”可知，通过他们的诗歌，作者对同学们的困难可以感同身受。故选D。
10．A.Instead of B．Apart from
C．Because of D．Regardless of
答案　C
解析　instead of代替；apart from除了；because of因为；regardless of不管。根据后文“my writing has been strengthened，my listening skills have and my public speaking has developed greatly”可知，因为诗歌课，作者各方面的能力都得到了提高。故选C。
11．A.helped B．appeared
C．remained D．improved
答案　D
解析　help帮助；appear出现；remain保持；improve提高。根据后文“my public speaking has developed greatly”可知，此处指作者的听力获得了提升。故选D。
12．A.different B．objective
C．complex D．additional
答案　A
解析　different不同的；objective客观的；complex复杂的；additional另外的。根据前文“Through that high school poetry class，I found I was able to the perspectives of so many lives.”及后文“Poetry has really changed my life.”可知，诗歌教会作者用不同的眼光看待世界。故选A。
13．A.avoid B．silence
C．accept D．voice
答案　C
解析　avoid避免；silence使安静；accept接受；voice表达。根据后文“Critical thinking”可知，诗歌课锻炼了作者的批判性思维，此处指诗歌课教会作者积极地接受批评。故选C。
14．A.unnecessary B．important
C．similar D．missing
答案　B
解析　unnecessary没必要的；important重要的；similar相似的；missing丢失的。根据前文“Critical thinking，writing and public speaking”可知，批判性思维、写作和公开演讲都是工作中非常重要的方面。故选B。
15．A.measure B．share
C．choose D．sharpen
答案　D
解析　measure衡量；share分享；choose选择；sharpen提高。根据前文“my writing has been strengthened，my listening skills have and my public speaking has developed greatly”可知，诗歌课大大提高了作者的写作、听力和公开演讲能力。故选D。(共98张PPT)
Period 1
Reading and Thinking
Working the land
Unit 5
内容索引
Step 1　课文深度理解
Step 2　语言知识梳理
Step 3　基础达标检测
作业1
课文深度理解
1.Why did Yuan Longping consider himself a farmer
A.He was born in a farmer family.
B.He was educated at an agricultural college.
C.He was known as the “father of hybrid rice”.
D.He continually worked the land in his research.
√
泛读速选
2.What contributed to Yuan Longping’s studying agriculture
A.His parents’ wish.
B.His eagerness to win awards in agriculture.
C.His desire to pursue wealth by selling seeds.
D.Helping farmers suffering from a lack of food.
√
3.How long did it take Yuan Longping to develop his super hybrid rice
A.12 years. B.14 years.
C.21 years. D.30 years.
√
4.How has Yuan’s work helped China and other countries
A.Yuan helped farmers earn more money.
B.It helped farmers yield more rice to feed the world.
C.Yuan donated his rice to farmers at home and abroad.
D.He helped farmers throughout the world study agriculture.
√
5.How does the author demonstrate Yuan’s qualities based on paragraph 5
A.By listing examples.
B.By listing numbers.
C.By making contrasts.
D.By giving definitions.
√
6.What does the word “envisioned” mean in paragraph 6
A.Designed. B.Heard.
C.Imagined. D.Witnessed.
√
7.What kind of writing is this text
A.A novel. B.A diary.
C.A biography. D.A news report.
√
A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE
Yuan Longping，[1]known as the “father of hybrid rice”，was one of China’s most famous scientists.
[1]动词-ed形式短语known as...作定语，修饰Yuan Longping。be known as...意为“作为……而出名”。
精读细研
Yet，he considered himself a farmer because he continually worked the land1 in his research.Indeed，his slim but strong body was just like2 that of millions of Chinese farmers，[2]to whom he had devoted his life3.
[2]to whom he had devoted his life是“介词＋whom”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词Chinese farmers。devote...to是固定搭配，介词to被提到了关系代词前面。
词块翻译：
1._____________________
2.___
3._____________
耕种土地，在地里工作
像
奉献他的一生
Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing.His parents wanted him to pursue a career in4 science or medicine.However，[3]what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of5 food to eat.
[3]what concerned him most was that...是主从复合句。what concerned him most是主语从句，what在此处的意思是“……的事”。that farmers often had poor harvests...是表语从句。
词块翻译：
4._____________
5._________
从事……工作
严重缺乏
[4]To tackle this crisis，he chose to6 study agriculture and received an education7 at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.
[4]动词不定式短语To tackle this crisis在句中作目的状语。
词块翻译：
6.___________
7._________
选择做某事
接受教育
After graduating in 1953，he worked as8 a researcher.Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution.Instead，farmers needed to boost yields9 in the fields [5]they had.[6]How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.Yuan was convinced that10 the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.
[5]they had 是定语从句，修饰先行词the fields。引导词that/which 因在从句中作宾语而被省略了。
[6]How this could be done 是由How引导的主语从句。
词块翻译：
8.________________________
9.__________
10.______
担任；以……身份而工作
增加产量
确信
A hybrid is a cross between two or more varieties of a species.One characteristic of hybrids is [7]that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops11.However，[8]whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of12 great debate.
[7]that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops是表语从句，引导词是that，在从句中无实义，只起连接作用，不可省略。
[8]whether it was possible...
rice是由whether引导的主语从句，在整个句子中作主语。
词块翻译：
11.___________
12._______________
传统的作物
关乎……的事情
The common assumption then was that it could not be done.Through intense effort，Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties13 to develop the first hybrid rice [9]that could be used for farming in 1974.This hybrid enabled farmers to14 expand their output greatly.
[9]that could be used for farming in 1974 是定语从句，先行词是hybrid rice，引导词that在定语从句中作主语。
词块翻译：
13.___________________
14._____________
攻克了许多技术难题
使……做某事
Today，[10]it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of15 crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains，and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year16.
[10]it is estimated that...中it是形式主语，后面的that从句是真正的主语。that只起连接作用，不作任何成分。it作形式主语时，真正的主语可以是动词不定式、动词-ing形式(短语)或从句。本句中generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains是动词-ed形式短语作定语，可转化为定语从句which are generated from...。
词块翻译：
15._____________________________
16._____
包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)
每年
Yuan’s innovation has helped feed not just China，but many other countries [11]that depend on17 rice as well，such as India and Vietnam.Because of18 his invaluable contributions，Yuan Longping received numerous awards both in China and abroad.
[11]that depend on rice as well，such as India and Vietnam是定语从句，先行词是countries，that在定语从句中作主语，这里that也可换成which。
词块翻译：
17._____________
18._____
依靠；取决于
因为
[12]Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy，one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure19.However，this is far from20 the case.Deep down21，Yuan was still very much a farmer at heart.As a man of the soil，he cared little for22 celebrity or money.Instead，he made large donations to23 support agricultural research.
[12]given that“考虑到；鉴于”，引导原因状语从句。
词块翻译：
19.____________________
20._____________
21._________________________
22._________________
23.___________
退休享受悠闲的生活
远非；绝不是
在内心深处；本质上；实际上
关心，照顾；喜欢
捐款做某事
[13]What impressed people most about Yuan Longping was his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams24.
Long ago，he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum，with each ear of rice as big as a broom，and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut.
[13]What impressed people most about Yuan Longping是主语从句。What是主语从句的连接词，且在主语从句中作主语，意思是“……的事情”。
词块翻译：
24._____________
实现他的梦想
He succeeded in25 producing a kind of rice [14]that could feed more people at home and abroad26.His later vision for “seawater rice” also became a reality27，and potentially opened up28 nearly one million square kilometres of salty land in China for rice production.Even in his later years，
[14]that could feed more people at home and abroad是定语从句，修饰先行词a kind of rice，that在定语从句中作主语。
词块翻译：
25._____________
26._________
27._________
28.___________
成功地做某事
在国内外
变成现实
打开；开发
Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision，and everyone was always excited to see what he would dream up29 next.
词块翻译：
29.________________________
______
凭空想出(不同寻常的计划、
主意)
析篇章结构
self-assessment
contributions
Overall
assessment
返 回
语言知识梳理
vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于(常与介词to连用) (devoted adj.挚爱的；全心全意的；忠诚的devotion n.奉献；忠诚；挚爱)
[教材原句P50] Indeed，his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he had devoted his life.确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。
1
devote
[译林版必修第二册Unit 4] My meaning simply is，that whatever I have tried to do in life，I have tried with all my heart to do well；that whatever I have devoted myself to，I have devoted myself to completely；that in great aims and in small，I have always been thoroughly in earnest.我的意思很简单：我在生活中尝试做的任何事情，我都会全心全意去做好；我致力于做的任何事，我都会全身心投入；无论是大的目标，还是小的目标，我都会非常认真。
·devote...to把……用于；献身；致力；专心
devote oneself to致力于；献身于
·be devoted to专心于；致力于
(1)________(devote) to his research，rarely does the distinguished scientist go to the cinema with his family.
＝________(devote) himself to his research，rarely does the distinguished scientist go to the cinema with his family.
Devoted
Devoting
(2)(话题写作之人物介绍)我最尊敬的人是袁隆平，他终生致力于研究杂交水稻和为人民服务。正是他的奉献和无私为他赢得了国内外的赞誉和尊重。
The person I respect most is Yuan Longping，who ___________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.It was _________________________ that won him much praise and respect both at home and abroad.
devoted his whole life to studying hybrid rice and serving the people/devoted himself to/was devoted to studying hybrid rice and serving the people in his whole life
写作佳句
his devotion and selflessness
vt.使相信；使确信；说服(convincing adj.有说服力的；使人信服的convinced adj.确信的；坚信的)
2
convince
[教材原句P50] Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.袁隆平确信答案可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到。
[译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 3] Columbus called the natives living on the islands Indians because he was convinced that he was in the East Indies.哥伦布称居住在群岛上的土著为印第安人，因为他确信自己在东印度群岛。
·convince sb of sth使某人确信/明白某事
convince sb that...使某人相信……
convince sb to do sth说服某人做某事
·be convinced (that)/of...坚信……
(1)__________(convince) that my most reliable friend，Li Hua，has the ability to do the job，I am writing to recommend him to you.
(2)Based on so much ___________(convince) evidence，I ultimately convinced all the judges ______ it was Tom who committed the crime.
Convinced
convincing
that
(3)(2024·上海6月，书面表达)首先，你可以让你的父母相信你有能力确保烹饪时的安全。此外，你最好让你的父母相信你可以在烹饪和学习之间保持平衡。我相信，只要你按照上面的建议，你一定可以说服你的父母允许你自己做饭。
First of all，you can ________________________________________
______ when cooking.Furthermore，you’d better ________________
__________________________________________________________.I ________________ as long as you follow the above suggestions，you can definitely _______________________________________________.
convince your parents of your ability to ensure safety
写作佳句
convince your parents that you can keep a balance between cooking and learning
am convinced that
convince your parents to allow you to cook on your own
n.假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得(assume v.假定；认为；承担；担任assuming conj.假定；假设)
3
assumption
[教材原句P50] The common assumption then was that it could not be done.当时人们普遍认为这是不可能实现的。
[北师大版选择性必修第二册Unit 5] People make the assumption that if someone important and respected says that something is right，then it must be so.如果一个重要的、受人尊敬的人说某件事是对的，那么人们就会认为这件事一定是对的。
·on the assumption that...假定……
·assume sb/sth to be＋adj./n.假定/认为某人/某事(为)……
It is assumed that...人们认为……
·assuming (that)...假设……
(1)__________(assume) that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Council，I will organize more colorful after-class activities，varying from English speech competitions to outdoor sports.
＝On the ___________(assume) that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Council，I will organize more colorful after-class activities，varying from English speech competitions to outdoor sports.
Assuming
assumption
(2)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)The mother assumed the Mother’s Day breakfast of the twins _____(be) the most delicious in the world.
to be
(3)(应用文写作之传统文化)人们普遍认为喝茶不仅能使我们更有活力，还能提高我们的记忆力。
___________________________________________________________________________________________ but also improve our memory.
People generally assume that/It is generally assumed that drinking tea can not only make us more energetic
写作佳句
vt.克服；解决；战胜；(常用于被动语态)受到……的极大影响
4
Overcome
(＝get over)
[教材原句P50] Through intense effort，Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974.历经千辛万苦，袁隆平攻克了艰巨的技术难题，在1974年开发出了可用于耕作的第一代杂交水稻。
[译林版选择性必修第一册Unit 2] Overcome with sorrow，she jumps into his grave.她悲痛欲绝，于是跳进了他的坟墓。
be overcome by/with fear/despair/depression 被恐惧/绝望/抑郁深深影响
(1)The wolf ______________(overcome) with extreme anger；it began to roar and smack(猛击) the window like crazy.
was overcome
(2)(读后续写之快乐心理描写)他们欣喜若狂，伸出双臂，紧紧地拥抱在一起，好像永远不会再分开。
_________________________，they stretched out their arms and hugged each other tightly as if they would never separate again.
Overcome by/with great joy
写作佳句
(3)(读后续写之感激情绪描写)感激的泪水顺着脸颊流淌，伯纳德说道：“任何言语都无法表达我对你们帮助我克服困难的感激之情。”
With tears of gratitude streaming down his cheeks，Bernard said，“No words can express how grateful I am to you for _____
_________________________________.”
your helping me (to) overcome my problem
vt.包括；包含；由……组成
5
comprise
[教材原句P50] Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains，and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。
由……组成
注意：make up 组成，构成
(1)(话题写作之活动安排)The coming-of-age ceremony is ______________
(comprise) of three parts—raising the national flag and singing the national anthem(国歌)，speeches by the headmaster as well as three top students and the closing ceremony.
comprised
(2)(话题写作之学校活动)由听讲座、参加汉语书法比赛和观看视频组成，我们俱乐部提供的这些活动受到所有学生的欢迎。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________，the activities our club provides are popular with all the students.
写作佳句
Comprised of/Consisting of/Made up of/Composed of listening to lectures，taking part in Chinese calligraphy competitions and watching videos
[教材原句P51] Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy，one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.
鉴于袁隆平开发杂交水稻而变得相当富有，有人可能认为他会退休享受悠闲的生活。
6
given that...
·given that用作连词，可根据语境译为“考虑到、鉴于、假如、如果、
只要、在有……的情况下”；
·其他同义表达有considering/regarding (鉴于、考虑到)，supposing(假
如)，assuming(假使)，as long as (只要)
(1)(应用文写作之邀请信)考虑到你痴迷于乒乓球，我写信告诉你我们学校的乒乓球队现在正招募新队员。
___________________________________，I am writing to tell you that the Table Tennis Team of our school is recruiting new members at present.
Given that you are keen on table tennis
(2)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)考虑到这对双胞胎没有做母亲节早餐的经验，父亲面带笑容地乐意帮助他们。
____________________________________________________________________________________，the father was willing to help them，with a smile spreading on his face.
(3)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我的老师带着鼓励的微笑，温柔地说：“只要你专心写作，你一定会成功的。”
Wearing an encouraging smile，my teacher said gently，“_____________
_______________________，you will definitely make it.”
Given that/Considering that the twins had no experience in cooking a Mother’s Day breakfast
As long as you devote yourself to writing
返 回
基础达标检测
1.Despite numerous challenges，the brave boy didn’t yield to them，but instead，he would persist until he succeeded. 　 _____________
2.Winning the competition was a wonderful boost for her spirit.　 ______
3.The night before the test I was overcome by fear and despair.
______________________
4.I repeated the question and waited for her to expand. ___________
vi.屈服，让步
n.激励
Ⅰ.品句猜词
vt.受到……的极大影响
vi.详细阐明
1.In other words，we should take a positive attitude to _______，and then we can live a happier life.
2.Some students are under ________ pressure，which makes some educators worried.
3.Our English teacher called on us to read more English novels with the intention of ___________ our vocabulary.
4.Merely five years after his death，smartphones defeated ____________ PCs in sales.
reality
intense
expanding
conventional
Ⅱ.单词拼写
5.More and more small shops have the tendency to be absorbed into big ones due to these global financial ______(危机).
6.It was __________(估计) that the cost to rebuild the stadium would be $8 million，so we should adjust the previous design.
crises
estimated
1._________(devote) to tackling the difficult problem，he has no time to care for his family affairs.
2.My conclusion was based on the ____________(assume) that the new method could yield wonderful results.
3.I found his speech not ___________(convince) as a consequence of a lack of reliable data.
4.(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)The boss of the grocery store was overcome ________ great sadness，tears rolling down his cheeks without control.
Devoted
assumption
convincing
with/by
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
5.The medical team ___________(comprise) of five experts discussed how to boost such patients’ well-being.
6.A _________(short) of medicine and medical workers implied that many soldiers died without being treated.
comprised
shortage
Yuan Longping，who is known as the “father of hybrid rice”，considered himself 1.____ farmer.Indeed，his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to 2.______ he had devoted his life.When he was young,3.______ concerned him most was farmers’ 4.__________(short) of food to eat，so he chose to study agriculture at college.After graduating in 1953，he worked as a researcher.He realised that larger fields were not the solution and devoted himself to 5.________ (create) a kind of hybrid rice，which could attain a 6._______(high) yield.
a
whom
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
what
shortage
creating
higher
In 1974，he succeeded in making it a reality.Today,60% of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops 7.__________(generate) from his hybrid strains，for which he received numerous awards both in China and abroad.But the humorous old “farmer”，8._______(care) little for celebrity or money，still lived a simple life.Even 9.____ his later life，he still tried 10.________(fulfil) his dreams of ridding the world of hunger.
generated
caring
in
to fulfil
返 回
作业1
1.I _________(选择做) tackle this problem in a more scientific way on that day.
2.I __________________(确信) you can adjust yourself to the new environment as soon as possible.
3.I _______________(担任) a tourist guide for two months and in other words，I have been familiar with the position.
4.He always ____________(依赖) me to offer him some tips on how to break down conflicts with others.
chose to
am convinced that
have worked as
Ⅰ.短语填空
depends on
5.On the assumption that I ___________________(凭空想出) a good plan to get through the crisis，I would tell you immediately.
6.Thanks for __________(关心) me and without you，I could have barely dealt with the problem.
7.It is __________(因为) my ability and sense of responsibility that enable me to be employed by the international company.
dreamed/dreamt up
caring for
because of
1.鉴于你对我们的校园农场项目感兴趣，我想与你分享一些有关它的信息。(given that)
____________________________________________________，I’d like to share some information about it with you.
2.我们的校园农场项目包括种植、浇水、除草和收获作物，旨在促进可持续农业，为我们的社区提供新鲜农产品。(动词-ed形式作定语)
Our Campus Farm project _______________________________________
___________________ is aimed at promoting sustainable agriculture and providing fresh produce for our community.
Given that you are interested in our Campus Farm project
comprised of planting，watering，weeding，
Ⅱ.主题微写作——校园农场
and harvesting crops
3.学生们每天课后做的是学习土壤准备和害虫管理，以保持一个健康的农场。(what引导的主语从句)
__________________________________ is learn about soil preparation and pest management to maintain a healthy farm.
4.事实是这个项目不仅使我们学校社区受益，而且提高了人们对发展健康农业重要性的认识。(that引导表语从句)
The fact is __________________________________________________ but also raises people’s awareness of the importance of developing healthy agriculture.
What students do after class every day
that the project not only benefits our school community
5.假设你来我们学校，我会很高兴带你参观校园农场，它肯定会立刻吸引你。(定语从句)
On the assumption that you come to our school，I will be delighted to show you around the campus farm _________________________________
____________.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
that/which will definitely attract you
immediately
A
(2024·福建福州高二上期末)
As a kid，I was always around animals and I always enjoyed it.After my senior year of high school，we started renting this farm.Then I went away to Rhode Island School of Design to become an architect.After about two years and a half，I found that was not quite what I wanted to do.I felt I wanted to be an architect and have a hobby farm.But why not just have a farm and make it my career
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者经营奶牛农场的经历。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
It’s an exciting business.I think a lot of people don’t realize what’s involved with dairy farming(奶牛业).We took some trips to some progressive farms out in New York when we first started.And it really changed my attitude of what you can do.You can be a successful business person with a lot of challenges.And those challenges are part of what makes it very exciting—it’s not just milking cows.There’s nutrition and finances and a lot of big day-to-day decisions.
Well，land is the biggest obstacle.Securing enough land is important.We don’t just need the land for the animals；we also need it to distribute the manure from the cows.And there’s a real balance，a real recycling.You take the feed；you give it to the cows，and the cows give you milk，but they also give you a lot of manure.And the best thing is putting it back on the land.You need 2 acres per cow basically，a cow and its calf.
The land that we rent is beautiful and the land that we own is beautiful.If you get half a mile off the road and look back at scenery across the valley，it’s impressive.You get the rows of grass and the cows in the distance.
1.Which of the following is included in the dairy farming according to the text
A.Designing for the dairy farming.
B.Playing with the cows around the farm.
C.Taking trips around the farm to enjoy life.
D.Milking cows，nutrition，finances and decisions.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段中“And those challenges are part of what makes it very exciting—it’s not just milking cows.There’s nutrition and finances and a lot of big day-to-day decisions.”可知，奶牛养殖包括挤奶、营养、财务和日常决策。故选D。
解析
2.What’s the biggest challenge that the author faces
A.Huge amounts of money.
B.Securing enough land.
C.Highly qualified milk cows.
D.Quantities of workers.
√
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Well，land is the biggest obstacle.
Securing enough land is important.”可知，作者面临的最大挑战是确保有足够的土地，故选B。
解析
3.What’s the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 3
A.Milk from the cows.
B.Chemical fertilizers.
C.Waste of the cows.
D.Food offered to the cows.
√
词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句和下文“And there’s a real balance，a real recycling.You take the feed；you give it to the cows，and the cows give you milk，but they also give you a lot of manure.And the best thing is putting it back on the land.”以及常识可知，奶牛不仅产奶，而且还会产生大量粪便，粪便被回收，作为土地的营养，由此可推知，画线单词意为“粪便”，故选C。
解析
4.Which one is the best title for this text
A.The Architecture Designer
B.Highly Qualified Milk Cows
C.Famous Farmers Around the World
D.Building a Successful Dairy Business
√
标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第二段可知，文章主要介绍了作者成功经营奶牛农场的经历，所以D项“创立成功的乳品事业”是本文的最佳标题，故选D。
解析
B (此篇精读)
(2025·山东临沂高二上期中)
Plants need phosphorus(磷) to grow.At first，people used organic or natural fertilizer.In 1842，English agricultural chemist John Bennet Lawes patented a process for treating phosphorus-rich bones and rocks with acid，making it easier for plants to obtain，and soon the world’s first human-made fertilizer began selling.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，过去强调的每年要给农作物足够的磷肥是错误的，其实农作物可以靠土壤中的遗留磷生存。
Later，scientists discovered that phosphorus was a bit tricky.The fertilizer Lawes produced contained a form of phosphorus that plants can easily use.But as soon as the phosphorus hit the soil，a large part of it reacted with soil minerals，forming substances that crops can’t access.Some also got locked away in equally unavailable organic forms.
So scientists concluded farmers shouldn’t cut back phosphorus.They should use more，especially as they raced to feed the world’s growing populations during the 20th century.In fact，it was once soil scientist Paul Withers’ job to spread the word.As a government farm advisor in the 1980s，he drove a red station wagon around the winding roads of rural England，telling farmers to make sure their crops got plenty of key nutrients.This method，which Withers calls “insurance-based farming”，is still widely used around the world.
But is the large amount of unused phosphorus in the soil—so-called legacy(遗留) phosphorus—actually as difficult to obtain as scientists once thought English crop scientist Roger Sylvester-Bradley has taken a first common-sense step：They stopped adding phosphorus fertilizer to half the barley field to see how the plants would grow.Eight years later，they have only just started to observe the first signs of phosphorus shortage.Barbara Cade-Menun，who oversees similar experiments in Canada，says，“Our production isn’t changing.”
“The plants can use our mistakes from the past，” says Sheida Sattari，whose 2012 analysis found global soils contain enough legacy phosphorus to cut the expected demand for new fertilizer in half by 2050.
5.What was the disadvantage of Lawes’ fertilizer
A.The cost of producing it was a bit high.
B.Too much of it would do harm to plants.
C.It could only be partly absorbed by plants.
D.It led to the loss of some minerals in the soil.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The fertilizer Lawes produced contained a form of phosphorus that plants can easily use.But as soon as the phosphorus hit the soil，a large part of it reacted with soil minerals，forming substances that crops can’t access.Some also got locked away in equally unavailable organic forms.”可知，Lawes研制的肥料缺点是只能部分被植物吸收。故选C。
解析
6.What was Withers’ attitude to phosphorus overuse
A.He felt uncertain of it.
B.He was in favor of it.
C.He was worried about it.
D.He showed no interest in it.
√
观点态度题。根据第三段“So scientists concluded farmers shouldn’t cut back phosphorus.They should use more...In fact，it was once soil scientist Paul Withers’ job to spread the word...he...telling farmers to make sure their crops got plenty of key nutrients.This method，which Withers calls ‘insurance-based farming’，is still widely used around the world.”可推知，Withers对磷的过度使用持赞成态度。故选B。
解析
7.What does paragraph 4 mainly focus on
A.The increasing costs of fertilizer.
B.The shortage of phosphorus resources.
C.The ineffectiveness of “insurance-based farming”.
D.The phosphorus pollution of the environment.
√
段落大意题。根据第三段末句和第四段中的“English crop scientist Roger Sylvester-Bradley has taken a first common-sense step：They stopped adding phosphorus fertilizer to half the barley field to see how the plants would grow.Eight years later，they have only just started to observe the first signs of phosphorus shortage.”以及“Our production isn’t changing.”可知，本段强调说明了“保险农业”的无效性，即没有必要每年都使用那么多磷肥。故选C。
解析
8.What do Sattari’s words mean in the last paragraph
A.Crops can live on legacy phosphorus.
B.Phosphorus is a necessity to grow crops.
C.Unused phosphorus is causing big trouble.
D.It is wrong to use a large amount of phosphorus.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，Sattari的话说明农作物可以靠土壤中的遗留磷生存。故选A。
解析
1.patent熟义 n.专利(权)，专利证书；专利发明
生义(文义)：v.获得……的专利权
2.trick n.诀窍；计谋；把戏→tricky adj.难对付的，棘手的
3.oversee(派)＝over＋see v.监管，监督
词汇积累
In 1842，English agricultural chemist John Bennet Lawes patented a process for treating phosphorus-rich bones and rocks with acid，making it easier for plants to obtain，and soon the world’s first human-made fertilizer began selling.
分析：此句为and连接的并列句。句中的making...to obtain为现在分词短语作结果状语，这个结构中it作形式宾语。
翻译：1842年，英国农业化学家约翰·班纳特·劳斯申请了一项专利，用酸处理富含磷的骨头和岩石，使植物更容易获得(磷)。不久，世界上第一种人造肥料开始销售。
句式分析
I remember dreading(惧怕) having to sit through fifty-five whole minutes of a poetry class when I was in high school.But walking into that class 1 my life.
1.A.changed B.ruined
C.simplified D.threatened
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了诗歌课给作者带来的好处，不仅使他具有同理心，教会他批判性思维，还加强了他的写作、听力和公开演讲能力。
Ⅳ.完形填空
√
change改变；ruin毁掉；simplify简化；threaten危及。根据前文“But”及文章末句“Poetry has really changed my life.”可知，诗歌课改变了作者的生活。故选A。
解析
Before I took the 2 ，I believed poetry was all fluff(没多大意义的娱乐)—just rhymes about rainbows，flowers，love and the stars.
2.A.chance B.job
C.test D.class
√
chance机会；job工作；test测试；class课程。根据前文“fifty-five whole minutes of a poetry class”可知，在上诗歌课之前，作者认为这门课没有意义。故选D。
解析
I soon 3 that poetry could be about that，but it was also so much more.
3.A.claimed B.realized
C.considered D.hoped
√
claim宣称；realize意识到；consider考虑；hope希望。根据前文“I believed poetry was all fluff(没多大意义的娱乐)”及后文“poetry could be about that，but it was also so much more”可知，上课之后，作者对诗歌有了更深刻的认识。故选B。
解析
Poetry is about 4 yourself in a completely raw form and using phrases other than “the sky is blue”.Poetry is a reminder that it’s okay to feel pain.
4.A.expressing B.praising
C.examining D.proving
√
express表达；praise称赞；examine检查；prove证明。根据后文“yourself in a completely raw form”可知，诗歌是用一种完全原始的形式来表达你自己的情感。故选A。
解析
5 is supposed to evoke emotion.
5.A.Pain B.Love
C.Poetry D.Rhyme
√
pain痛苦；love爱；poetry诗歌；rhyme押韵。根据前文“Poetry is a reminder”及后文“to evoke emotion”可知，此处描述诗歌的功能，诗歌能够唤起情感。故选C。
解析
Through that high school poetry class，I found I was able to 6 the perspectives of so many lives.People I only knew the names of became people I was 7 invested in because I was forced to try to understand the experiences they had to 8 .
6.A.challenge B.understand
C.adopt D.control
7.A.emotionally B.wisely
C.initially D.widely
8.A.talk about B.learn from
C.deal with D.make up
√
√
√
6.challenge挑战；understand理解；adopt采取；control控制。根据后文“the perspectives of so many lives”及“to understand the experiences”可知，通过诗歌课，作者对他人有了更好的理解。故选B。
7.emotionally情感上；wisely明智地；initially最初；widely广泛地。根据前文“ is supposed to evoke emotion.”可知，诗歌课可以唤起情感，此处指作者开始从情感上理解周围的人和事。故选A。
8.talk about讨论；learn from从……中学习；deal with应对；make up组成。根据前文“to understand the experiences they had to”可知，作者尝试去理解他们不得不应对的生活经历。故选C。
解析
Before the class，I was aware of the hardships my classmates suffered，but the poetry class let me 9 the same emotions they had through their poetry.
9.A.release B.display
C.hide D.experience
√
release释放；display展览；hide隐藏；experience体验。根据后文“the same emotions they had through their poetry”可知，通过他们的诗歌，作者对同学们的困难可以感同身受。故选D。
解析
Since high school，I have taken two more poetry classes. 10 these classes，my writing has been strengthened，my listening skills have 11 and my public speaking has developed greatly.
10.A.Instead of B.Apart from
C.Because of D.Regardless of
11.A.helped B.appeared
C.remained D.improved
√
√
10.instead of代替；apart from除了；because of因为；regardless of不管。根据后文“my writing has been strengthened，my listening skills have and my public speaking has developed greatly”可知，因为诗歌课，作者各方面的能力都得到了提高。故选C。
11.help帮助；appear出现；remain保持；improve提高。根据后文“my public speaking has developed greatly”可知，此处指作者的听力获得了提升。故选D。
解析
My poetry classes helped me to view the world with a(n) 12 set of eyes and have taught me to 13 criticism with open arms.
12.A.different B.objective
C.complex D.additional
13.A.avoid B.silence
C.accept D.voice
√
√
12.different不同的；objective客观的；complex复杂的；additional另外的。根据前文“Through that high school poetry class，I found I was able to the perspectives of so many lives.”及后文“Poetry has really changed my life.”可知，诗歌教会作者用不同的眼光看待世界。故选A。
13.avoid避免；silence使安静；accept接受；voice表达。根据后文“Critical thinking”可知，诗歌课锻炼了作者的批判性思维，此处指诗歌课教会作者积极地接受批评。故选C。
解析
Critical thinking，writing and public speaking are 14 in the workforce，
14.A.unnecessary B.important
C.similar D.missing
√
unnecessary没必要的；important重要的；similar相似的；missing丢失的。根据前文“Critical thinking，writing and public speaking”可知，批判性思维、写作和公开演讲都是工作中非常重要的方面。故选B。
解析
and my poetry classes have enabled me to 15 those tools.Poetry has really changed my life.
15.A.measure B.share
C.choose D.sharpen
√
measure衡量；share分享；choose选择；sharpen提高。根据前文“my writing has been strengthened，my listening skills have and my public speaking has developed greatly”可知，诗歌课大大提高了作者的写作、听力和公开演讲能力。故选D。
解析
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