资源简介

Period 2　Reading and Thinking
1．What is the function of paragraph 1
A．To introduce the topic.
B．To attract readers’ interest.
C．To stress the importance of challenge.
D．To open a new period for high school.
答案　A
2．How did Adam feel in his first week at senior high school
A．Happy. B．Worried.
C．Annoyed. D．Puzzled.
答案　D
3．Who gave Adam advice on courses
A．Parents. B．Teachers.
C．Classmates. D．The school adviser.
答案　D
4．How did Adam feel when hearing he was poor in playing football
A．He felt disappointed and quit.
B．He felt sad but would try to improve.
C．He felt confused and left the football team.
D．He felt worried and registered for a new team.
答案　B
5．Which words can best describe Adam
A．Careful and clever.
B．Shy and strong-willed.
C．Humorous and confident.
D．Hard-working and responsible.
答案　D
6．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．The importance of taking courses.
B．Why Adam joined a volunteer club.
C．How Adam dealt with the freshman challenge.
D．Adam was worried about his advanced course.
答案　C
THE FRESHMAN CHALLENGE
Hi！My name is Adam and I’m a freshman at senior high school.[1]Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge1.The first week2 was a little confusing.
[2]First，I had to think very carefully about3 which courses I wanted to take. The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones：maths，English，chemistry，world history，and Chinese.[3]I know that Chinese is a very difficult language4，but I hope to be fluent when I graduate.[4]My adviser recommended that I should sign up for5 advanced literature6 because I like English and I’m good at7 it.
[1]本句是主系表结构的简单句，动名词短语作主语。
[2]本句为复合句。which引导宾语从句。
[3]本句是but连接的并列复合句，第一个分句中，that引导宾语从句；第二个分句中，when引导时间状语从句。
[4]本句为复合句。that引导宾语从句；because引导原因状语从句。
词块翻译：
1．一个很大的挑战
2．第一周
3．考虑
4．一门非常难的语言
5．报名(参加课程)
6．高级文学
7．擅长
I had to choose extra-curricular activities8，too.[5]I tried to join the school football team9，but the coach told me that I didn’t play well enough. Obviously，I was unhappy，but I won’t quit.[6]I’ll find a way to10 improve on my own11 so that I can make the team12 next year.I joined a volunteer club instead.Every Wednesday，we work at a soup kitchen13 and hand out14 food to homeless people in the community.
I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to15 being responsible for16 a lot more.[7]I’m a bit worried about keeping up with17 the other students in my advanced course，and it’ll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework. Still，I’m happy to be here.[8]Studying hard isn’t always fun，but I’ll be well prepared for18 university or whatever else comes in the future.
[5]本句是but连接的并列复合句。第二个分句中的that引导宾语从句。
[6]本句为复合句。so that引导目的状语从句。
[7]本句是and连接的并列句。第二个分句中的it是形式主语，不定式短语to get used to all the homework是真正的主语。
[8]本句是but连接的并列复合句。前一分句中的主语为动名词短语studying hard；后一分句中的whatever引导宾语从句，作介词for的宾语。
8.选择课外活动
9．加入校足球队
10．一个做某事的方法
11．靠自己，独自
12．入选球队
13．食品救济站
14．分发
15．习惯于
16．对……负责
17．跟上
18．为……做准备
析篇章结构
答案　1.challenge　2.courses　3.activities　4.planning
prefer vt.较喜欢[preference n．偏爱；优先(权)；偏爱的事物]
[教材原句P12]I prefer helping others.我更喜欢帮助别人。
[译林版]However，the aid of computers isn’t always preferred.然而，计算机的辅助并不总是受到青睐。
·prefer doing/to do sth更喜欢做某事 prefer sb to do...宁愿某人做…… prefer (doing) A to (doing) B宁愿(做)A而不愿(做)B，更喜欢(做)A而不是(做)B prefer to do A rather than do B宁愿做A而不愿做B，更喜欢做A而不是做B ·have a preference for偏爱……
(1)Actually I prefer my teenage son to take(take) part in some social activities.
(2)The freshman prefers taking/to take(take) a ballet course in his spare time，which is more suitable for him.
＝The freshman has a preference(prefer) for a ballet course in his spare time，which is more suitable for him.
[写作佳句]
(3)(话题写作之语言学习)当我学习英语时，我更喜欢读英语书而不是听英语歌曲。
When I study English，I prefer reading English books to listening to English songs/prefer to read English books rather than listen to English songs.
content n．内容；[pl.]目录；(书、讲话、节目等的)主题；满意；含量 vt.使满足；使满意 adj.满意的；满足的
[教材原句P12]Predict content 预测内容
[外研版]All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts’ content with a ball made of plastic bags；just like Pelé did when he was a boy.
在世界各地你都可以看到孩子们心满意足地踢着用塑料袋团成的球——贝利小时候也就是那样的。
·with content满意地 to one’s heart’s content尽情地；心满意足地 ·content oneself with sth满足于 ·feel/be content with...对……满足/满意 be content to do sth满足于/愿意做某事
(1)With a smile on his face，the editor nodded to me with content.
(2)If you content yourself with the present situation，you won’t make more advances.
(3)That guy at last was tired of city life and he was content to live(live) in the countryside.
[写作佳句]
(4)(读后续写之情感描写)老师对我们的项目很满意，因此我们得了一个好分数。当我激动地告诉我的搭档我们的成功时，他满意地笑了。我满足于完成这个项目，心满意足地笑了。
The teacher was content with our project，so we got an excellent grade.When I excitedly told my partner about our success，he smiled with content.I was content to finish the project and smiled to my heart’s content.
[点津]　“对……满意”的常用短语小结：
①be content with　②be pleased with　③be satisfied with　④be happy with
suitable adj.合适的；适用的(suit vt.适合；适宜 n．西装；套装 unsuitable adj.不合适的；不适用的)
[教材原句P14]The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones：maths，English，chemistry，world history，and Chinese.学校的指导老师帮我选择了适合我的课程：数学、英语、化学、世界史和中文。
[北师大版]But then they realised that it might not be suitable for a marketplace where products and services are in direct competition with each other.
但后来他们意识到，在产品与服务直接竞争的市场上，这种广告类型可能不太适合。
·be suitable for sb/sth适合某人/某物 be suitable to do sth适合做某事 ·suit sb满足/适合某人；合身 suit one’s needs满足某人的需求
(1)Tai Chi suits(suit) almost everyone and it can be practised at home or outdoors.Obviously，it can suit different people’s(people) needs.
(2)Firstly，because I speak fluent English，I think I am suitable to be(be) your tourist guide.
[写作佳句]
(3)(应用文写作之求职信)得知您需要一名合适的运动会志愿者，我相信我适合这份工作。
Learning that you want a suitable volunteer for the sports meeting，I am confident that I am suitable for the job/am suitable to do the job.
recommend vt.建议；推荐；介绍 (recommendation n．建议；推荐)
[教材原句P14]My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it.我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学，因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错。
[译林版]All in all，I highly recommend this film.总之，我强烈推荐这部电影。
recommend sb/sth (to sb)(向某人)推荐某人/某物 recommend sb/sth as...推荐某人/某物当…… recommend doing sth建议做某事 recommend sb to do sth建议某人做某事 recommend that...(should) do... 建议……做……
(1)I will recommend the outgoing guy as your teaching assistant.He will recommend organizing(organize) some extra-curricular activities that are suitable for teenagers.
(2)He strongly recommends me to sign (sign) up for the English literature competition.
[写作佳句]
(3)(应用文写作之推荐地点)得知你要来中国旅游，我想向你推荐北京。我尤其建议你参观北京的故宫。我的确希望你觉得我的建议有用。
Learning that you will travel to China，I’d like to recommend Beijing to you.I especially recommend that you (should) visit/you to visit the Palace Museum in Beijing.I do hope that you can find my recommendation useful.
responsible adj.有责任的；负责的(irresponsible adj.不负责的 responsibly adv.认真负责地 responsibility n．责任；义务)
[教材原句P14]I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more.我知道作为高中生我得更加努力地学习，学会习惯承担更多的责任。
[北师大版]The other two local teachers were responsible for maths and Chinese.另外两名当地教师负责教授数学和语文。
·be responsible for对……负责 ·take responsibility for (doing) sth/to do sth承担(做)……的责任 a sense of responsibility责任感 It is sb’s responsibility to do sth.做某事是某人的职责。
(1)I am content with the show because Tom with a sense of responsibility has organized it responsibly.(responsible)
(2)The members of the Student Union will be responsible for cleaning up the greenhouse.
[写作佳句]
(3)(话题写作之传统文化)弘扬中华传统文化是年轻一代的责任。
It is the younger generation’s responsibility to promote traditional Chinese culture.
(4)(2024·天津6月，书面表达)我们学生应该承担起建设绿色校园的责任，让我们现在就行动起来！
We students should take responsibility for building/to build a green campus and let’s take action right now!
schedule n．工作计划；日程安排；时刻表 vt.安排；预定
[教材原句P15]Finding time for both studies and extra-curricular activities is a big challenge，so I need to make a workable schedule.
找时间既学习又参加课外活动是一个很大的挑战，所以我需要制定一个可行的时间表。
[译林版]Try to stick to your sleep schedule at the weekend too...尽量周末也要坚持你的睡眠时间表……
·on schedule准时；按时间表 ahead of schedule提前 behind schedule迟于预定时间 ·be scheduled for预定于；安排在……时间 be scheduled to do...预定做……
(1)Do something every day as planned，and you will achieve your goal on schedule or even ahead of schedule.Otherwise，you will realize it behind schedule.
(2)A lecture on advanced maths is scheduled for 9 p.m. tomorrow.
[写作佳句]
(3)(应用文写作之活动安排)运动会定于下周六早上八点在我们学校的操场举行。
The sports meet is scheduled to be held in our school’s playground at 8 a．m.next Saturday.
so that 引导目的状语从句
[教材原句P14]I’ll find a way to improve on my own so that I can make the team next year.
我会找到一个让自己提高球技的方法，这样明年我就能加入球队了。
so that的用法如下： ·so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”，可用in order that 替换，从句中常有may，can，could等情态动词。 ·表示目的还可以用“so as to/in order to＋动词原形”。 ·so that也可引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，所以”，通常不与情态动词连用，从句前可用逗号与主句隔开。 注意：in order that也可以引导目的状语从句，so that一般不用于句首，而in order that可用于句首。
(1)(2023·北京，书面表达)为什么不在北京参观一些环保建筑，以便我们可以了解它们的设计呢？
Why not visit some eco-friendly buildings in Beijing so that/in order that we can learn about/in order to learn about/so as to learn about their design
(2)(读后续写之动作描写)马克拿起一块石头，扔向狼，结果它转身离开了。
Mac picked up a stone and threw it to the wolf，so that it turned back and left.
(3)(2023·上海1月，书面表达)为了让我们学生能积极地参与到英语口语课堂中，我给您推荐几个有趣的游戏。
In order that we students can actively take part in the spoken English class，I recommend some interesting games to you.
Ⅰ.品句猜词
1．I won’t eat food with a high fat content because I don’t want to become fat.n.含量
2．The disease is so advanced that he has just several months to live.adj.晚期的
3．He is a graduate of Peking University and he is an able man.n.毕业生
Ⅱ.单词拼写
1．Today’s topic is how to use survival skills in a dangerous situation to save yourself.
2．To be fluent in English，I often surf the Internet to get some practical strategies.
3．Students in senior high school must study hard to get advanced education at universities.
4.Actually you should quit buying such a big house，because you don’t have much money.
5．The teenager challenged(向……挑战) me to compete with him in the running race and I readily accepted it.
6．The female students volunteered(自愿做) to clean up the greenhouse after school for the old professor yesterday.
7．These freshmen(一年级新生) began to explore the campus as soon as they arrived at the university.
8．They are discussing different solutions(解决办法) to the difficult problem.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．Obviously(obvious)，using flash cards in class is a good way to teach Chinese.
2．The extra-curricular activity is scheduled to take(take) place next Sunday.
3．The curious boy preferred exploring/to explore(explore) the museum on the weekend.
4．I was quite content with the title he offered and I smiled happily.
5．He is suitable to join(join) the debate club，because he has an outgoing personality.
6．He asked in confusion(confuse)，“How have you managed to enter this famous junior high school？”
7．The warm-hearted designer recommended me to organise(organise) this activity in this way.
8．It is my responsibility(responsible) to help those young men and women in the company.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
I’m Adam,1.a freshman at senior high school.The first week was a little 2.confusing(confuse) for me.
There are some 3.challenges(challenge) I have to face in my new school life.First，I had to think carefully about my courses.Chinese is hard to learn，but I hope I can speak it 4.fluently(fluent) when I graduate.My adviser 5.recommended(recommend) me to sign up for advanced literature because I’m good 6.at English.Second，I had to choose my extra-curricular activities.I tried 7.to join(join) the school football team 8.but failed，because the coach thought I didn’t do well enough.Instead，I joined a volunteer club.
In order to be well 9.prepared(prepare) for university or whatever else es(come) in the future，I make up my mind to study harder and get used to the new situation.
作业2
[分值：62分]
Ⅰ.短语填空(共6小题；每题2分，满分12分)
1．Now I am thinking about(正在考虑) using this strategy to achieve my goal.
2．I recommend this freshman to sign up for(报名参加) this volunteer club so that he can learn to take more responsibility.
3．The exchange students from America got used to(习惯于) studying in our junior high school and they were happy every day.
4．My outgoing partner has kept up with(跟上) the other students in studies so far and he has become more confident than before.
5．These warm-hearted teenagers are busy handing out(分发) food to homeless people in the community.
6．The young guy is responsible for(对……负责) the advanced literature course and he is popular with his students.
Ⅱ.主题微写作——学校生活(满分15分)
1．对我来说，适应新学校很难。(It is＋adj.＋for sb＋to do...)
It is difficult for me to adapt to my new school.
2．显而易见，面临如此多的挑战使我困惑。(动词-ing形式短语作主语)
It is obvious that facing so many challenges makes me confused.
3．因为我对自己不满意，因此我宁愿保持沉默也不愿和其他人交流。(because引导原因状语从句)
Because I am not content with myself，I prefer to be silent rather than communicate with others.
4．幸运的是，我的学校顾问建议我加入小组讨论以便我可以变得更外向。(so that引导目的状语从句)
Luckily，my school adviser recommends that I join in group discussions so that I could become more outgoing.
5．他也提醒我必须勇敢地为自己的学习负责。(that引导宾语从句)
He also reminds me that I must be responsible for my own learning bravely.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Some of the classrooms at Taft Elementary in Santa Clara，California，have one disadvantage in common：They don’t have windows.That’s true for Logan Earnest’s fifth grade classroom，and he felt it was influencing his students.
“Most of the day，they’re inside，” Earnest told CBS News.“And they don’t really get to see any trees，grass，or the blue sky.” He said the gray walls could be depressing to the kids and may influence their attention and even their attendance.
This was confirmed(证实) by former school psychologist Ernesto Rodriguez，who said the lack(缺乏) of windows does influence kids，because research shows being in and around nature eases anxiety and benefits students.Though no longer a practicing psychologist，perhaps he knows now more than ever the influence nature has on mental health.Rodriguez became a park keeper on Southern California’s Catalina Island and began focusing on his passion—landscape photography.
It was during his training to become a park ranger that he learned a fact that kids who have views out windows to trees do better academically，emotionally(情感上) and creatively.So an idea to bring nature into rooms came to his mind：bring landscapes into classrooms—through the ceiling(天花板)，because teachers don’t typically use the ceiling.
Rodriguez took 360 degree shots of tree canopies(树冠) using his photography skills，then he printed them and fit them onto the classroom ceiling of Earnest’s fifth grade.“Beautiful，” one student said as she entered the room.Another student said the trees brought him peace，“When you look up，it feels like you’re sitting under a tree.”
Earnest said he thought there would be many positive influences on his students.“I think my attendance is going to go up.The kids are going to want to come here more frequently.Overall，I think the kids are going to be happier，” he said.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Ernesto Rodriguez将风景“带进”教室，让孩子们能够在没有窗户的教室里接触到自然。
1．What is the common challenge shared by some classrooms at Taft Elementary
A．Lack of fresh air.
B．They don’t have enough lighting.
C．Absence of windows.
D．They have limited access to technology.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Some of the classrooms at Taft Elementary in Santa Clara，California，have one disadvantage in common：They don’t have windows.”可知，这个学校的一些教室面临的一个共同挑战是它们都没有窗户。故选C。
2．Why did Ernesto Rodriguez bring landscapes into classrooms
A．To advance his photography skills.
B．To connect the students with nature.
C．To improve the teachers’ performance.
D．To cause the students great excitement.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This was confirmed(证实) by former school psychologist Ernesto Rodriguez，who said the lack(缺乏) of windows does influence kids，because research shows being in and around nature eases anxiety and benefits students.”以及第四段可知，Ernesto Rodriguez了解到自然可以缓解焦虑并对学生有益，缺乏窗户会影响孩子，而那些能看到窗外树木的孩子在学业、情感和创造力方面都表现更好，所以他想到了通过天花板把风景带进教室这个方法。其目的是为了将学生和自然联系在一起。故选B。
3．How did the students react to Rodriguez’s pictures on the classroom ceiling
A．They did not notice the change.
B．They failed to focus on lessons.
C．They preferred the usual ceiling.
D．They agreed with the new additions.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第五段中两名学生的评价“‘Beautiful，’ one student said as she entered the room.Another student said the trees brought him peace，‘When you look up，it feels like you’re sitting under a tree.’”可推知，学生很喜欢教室天花板上的风景，即他们认可这新添加的东西。故选D。
4．What’s Logan Earnest’s attitude towards the change in the classroom
A．Unsure. B．Supportive.
C．Alarmed. D．Anxious.
答案　B
解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段“Earnest said he thought there would be many positive influences on his students.‘I think my attendance is going to go up.The kids are going to want to come here more frequently.Overall，I think the kids are going to be happier，’ he said.”可推知，他对教室里的改变是持欣赏和赞同的态度的。故选B。
B(此篇精读)
(2025·福建宁德五校高一上期中联考)
Sometimes having a teenager at home can be a real headache.Many teenagers develop bad habits or do strange things at will(任意)．Basically，they are often taking risks.
Earlier studies have shown that teenagers are more likely(可能的) to make irrational decisions than people from any other age group，including children and adults.According to professor Laurence Steinberg，the reason is that teens care a lot about how their peers see them—that’s the influence of “peer influence”，reported Science Daily.As children enter their teenage years，they spend more time with their friends and classmates and also become more sensitive to their feedback.This sensitivity drives teenagers to concentrate on the short-term benefits of making risky choices and overlook the costs.
In a test，a group of teenagers were asked to play a video driving game.When they played with their friends watching，they took more chances and drove more carelessly because that would increase their possibility of winning.But when they played alone，they tended to(往往会) drive more safely.
Why does pressure from peers have such a big influence on teens’ behavior As Steinberg sees it，a teenager’s brain is like a car with a good accelerator(油门) but a weak brake.The “accelerator”，the brain’s ability to notice the benefits of things，is fully developed by teenage years while the “brake”，the brain part related to controlling impulses(冲动) and long-term thinking，is still immature(不成熟的)．When teens are under the pressure of being judged by their peers，they tend to push hard on the accelerator.Given how weak the brake is，it is likely that they are going to end up in a crash.
But the good news here，according to Steinberg，is that a violent teenager doesn’t necessarily become a violent adult.About two-thirds to three-quarters of violent youth grow out of it.“They get more self-controlled，” Steinberg told Live Science.
Also，people who haven’t committed a violent crime(犯下暴力罪行) by age 19 are less likely to start doing it later，added Steinberg.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了青少年因非常关心同龄人对自己的看法而容易冒险，有同龄人在身边，青少年倾向于更多地关注短期利益。
5．What does the underlined word “irrational” in the second paragraph mean
A．Crazy. B．Quick.
C．Careful. D．Independent.
答案　A
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“As children enter their teenage years...This sensitivity drives teenagers to concentrate on the short-term benefits of making risky choices and overlook the costs.”可知，青少年对他们的朋友和同学的反馈更敏感，这使得他们关注由冒险选择带来的短期好处而忽视其代价，也就是说青少年更有可能做一些疯狂的决定。故画线词意思是“疯狂的”。故选A。
6．Why are teenagers likely to take risks according to the text
A．They are eager to challenge themselves.
B．They are too young to tell right from wrong.
C．Their brains are more sensitive to thrilling events.
D．They care a lot about what their peers think of them.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“According to professor Laurence Steinberg，the reason is that teens care a lot about how their peers see them...”可知，青少年容易冒险因为他们非常在乎同龄人对他们的看法。故选D。
7．Why are teenagers influenced by pressure from their peers
A．They are playing alone.
B．They are often taking risks.
C．They are making decisions without thinking about others.
D．They are weak at controlling themselves and seldom have long-term thinking.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The ‘accelerator’，the brain’s ability to notice the benefits of things，is fully developed by teenage years while the ‘brake’，the brain part related to controlling impulses(冲动) and long-term thinking，is still immature(不成熟的)．When teens are under the pressure of being judged by their peers，they tend to push hard on the accelerator.Given how weak the brake is，it is likely that they are going to end up in a crash.”可知，青少年的对控制冲动和长期思考有关的大脑部分还不成熟。当青少年处于被同龄人评判的压力之下时，他们往往会刹不住车。故选D。
8．What can we know from the text
A．The majority of teenagers become less violent when they grow up.
B．Those who love taking risks are more likely to commit violent crimes.
C．Violent teenagers often grow to be adults who cannot control themselves well.
D．People who are over 19 years old are less likely to commit a crime than teenagers.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“About two-thirds to three-quarters of violent youth grow out of it.‘They get more self-controlled，’ Steinberg told Live Science.”可知，大多数青少年长大后变得不那么暴力了。故选A。
[词汇积累] 1．basically(派)＝basic＋ally adv.基本上，大体上 2．sensitive adj.敏感的→sensitivity n．敏感；敏锐 3．feedback(合)＝feed＋back n．反馈 4．drive 熟义：v.驾驶　生义：v.驱使 5．overlook(派)＝over＋look v．忽视，忽略 [句式分析] When they played with their friends watching，they took more chances and drove more carelessly because that would increase their possibility of winning. 分析：此句为复合句。when引导时间状语从句，with their friends watching为with 的复合结构，because引导原因状语从句。 翻译：当他们在朋友们的关注下玩(游戏)时，他们会冒更多的险，开车时也更不小心，因为这样会增加他们获胜的可能性。
Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题；每题1分，满分15分)
(2025·福建高一上期中)
This morning，as I finished my shopping and was leaving，a heartwarming scene unfolded right before my eyes.A young mother，together with her little boy，perhaps around four or five years old，was also on their way out of the 1 .Just then the young mother 2 halfway suddenly，as she 3 a homeless man sitting right in front of them.
Thinking for a while，the mother 4 into her shopping bag and took out a packet(包) of chocolate.With a smile，she quickly opened the pack，sharing two pieces of chocolate with her child.But the 5 didn’t end there.She whispered(耳语) something to her son and the boy seemed to 6 and nodded his head.The little boy was 7 to offer two pieces of the treats to the homeless man.Though shocked，the man’s face lit up(喜形于色) with pure 8 and gratitude(感激) as the child shyly handed over the chocolate.The mother then 9 more food from her shopping bag to the man.The process included a brief，friendly 10 .Their interaction(互动) was filled with warmth.
Watching this warm scene in person，I couldn’t help but feel 11 ，realizing that even a 12 act can make others’ day.That little boy，learning empathy(同情) and generosity(慷慨) at such a young age，will 13 grow into a caring and well-rounded individual，spreading 14 wherever he goes.The world needs more 15 like these，when love and goodwill shine brightly.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位年轻的母亲和她的孩子给一个无家可归的人食物的故事。
1．A.restaurant B．supermarket
C．hospital D．cinema
答案　B
解析　restaurant餐馆；supermarket超市；hospital医院；cinema电影院。由上文“I finished my shopping and was leaving”可知，这里指走出“超市”。故选B。
2．A.listened B．shouted
C．stopped D．drove
答案　C
解析　listen听；shout喊叫；stop停止；drive开车。由下文“halfway suddenly”以及语境可知，这里指这位母亲半路上突然“停”了下来。故选C。
3．A.took notice of B．kept away from
C．thought of D．depended on
答案　A
解析　take notice of注意到；keep away from远离；think of想起；depend on取决于，依靠。由下文“a homeless man sitting right in front of them”以及语境可知，这里指这位母亲“注意到”一个无家可归的男人坐在前面。故选A。
4．A.broke B．ran
C．separated D．reached
答案　D
解析　break打破；run跑；separate分开；reach到达，伸手。由下文“into her shopping bag and took out a packet(包) of chocolate”可知，这里指这位母亲“伸手”进购物袋，然后拿出一包巧克力。故选D。
5．A.advantage B．performance
C．sweetness D．adventure
答案　C
解析　advantage优点，有利条件；performance表演；sweetness甜，甜蜜；adventure冒险。由上文“sharing two pieces of chocolate with her child”以及下文“The little boy was to offer two pieces of the treats to the homeless man.”可知，这里指分享巧克力这样“甜蜜”的事情并未就这样结束，后面孩子还把巧克力给了那个无家可归的男人。故选C。
6．A.cancel B．understand
C．announce D．succeed
答案　B
解析　cancel取消，终止；understand理解；announce宣布，宣告；succeed成功。由下文“nodded his head”可知，这里指小孩“理解”母亲所说的，然后点了头。故选B。
7．A.instructed B．forced
C．ordered D．scared
答案　A
解析　instruct指示；force强迫；order命令；scare (使)害怕。由上文“She whispered(耳语) something to her son”可知，这里指小孩按照母亲的“指示”给那个无家可归的男人两块巧克力。故选A。
8．A.luck B．goal
C．fright D．joy
答案　D
解析　luck运气；goal目标；fright恐惧；joy快乐。由上文“the man’s face lit up(喜形于色)”可知，收到小孩给的巧克力，男人脸上因为“快乐”而露出喜悦之色。故选D。
9．A.introduced B．borrowed
C．gifted D．showed
答案　C
解析　introduce介绍；borrow借；gift赠送；show显示。由下文“more food from her shopping bag to the man”可知，这里指男孩母亲送给无家可归的男人更多食物。故选C。
10．A.conversation B．impression
C．lecture D．diary
答案　A
解析　conversation对话；impression印象；lecture讲座；diary日记。由下文“Their interaction(互动) was filled with warmth.”可知，男孩母亲和无家可归的男人还通过“对话”进行了互动。故选A。
11．A.disappointed B．touched
C．content D．confident
答案　B
解析　disappointed失望的；touched感动的；content满意的；confident自信的。由上文“Watching this warm scene in person”可知，这里指作者被这暖人的场景“感动”了。故选B。
12．A.brave B．rude
C．mistaken D．simple
答案　D
解析　brave勇敢的；rude粗鲁的；mistaken被误解的；simple简单的。由上文“The little boy was to offer two pieces of the treats to the homeless man.”和“The mother then more food from her shopping bag to the man.”可知，这里指给食物这样“简单的”行为也能让别人十分开心。故选D。
13．A.surely B．directly
C．hardly D．narrowly
答案　A
解析　surely当然，肯定；directly直接地；hardly几乎没有；narrowly勉强地。由下文“grow into a caring and well-rounded individual”可知，这里指作者认为小男孩“肯定”会成长为一个有爱心、全面发展的人。故选A。
14．A.risk B．sweat
C．kindness D．loneliness
答案　C
解析　risk风险；sweat汗水；kindness善良；loneliness孤独。由上文“The little boy was to offer two pieces of the treats to the homeless man.”可知，这里指小男孩无论走到哪里都会传播善意。故选C。
15．A.requests B．rules
C．speeches D．moments
答案　D
解析　request请求；rule规则；speech演讲；moment时刻。由下文“when love and goodwill shine brightly”可知，这里指世界需要更多像这样充满爱的“时刻”。故选D。(共91张PPT)
Period 2
Reading and Thinking
Teenage life
Unit 1
内容索引
Step 1　课文深度理解
Step 2　语言知识梳理
Step 3　基础达标检测
作业2
课文深度理解
1.What is the function of paragraph 1
A.To introduce the topic.
B.To attract readers’ interest.
C.To stress the importance of challenge.
D.To open a new period for high school.
√
泛读速选
2.How did Adam feel in his first week at senior high school
A.Happy. B.Worried.
C.Annoyed. D.Puzzled.
√
3.Who gave Adam advice on courses
A.Parents. B.Teachers.
C.Classmates. D.The school adviser.
√
4.How did Adam feel when hearing he was poor in playing football
A.He felt disappointed and quit.
B.He felt sad but would try to improve.
C.He felt confused and left the football team.
D.He felt worried and registered for a new team.
√
5.Which words can best describe Adam
A.Careful and clever.
B.Shy and strong-willed.
C.Humorous and confident.
D.Hard-working and responsible.
√
6.What’s the main idea of the passage
A.The importance of taking courses.
B.Why Adam joined a volunteer club.
C.How Adam dealt with the freshman challenge.
D.Adam was worried about his advanced course.
√
THE FRESHMAN CHALLENGE
Hi！My name is Adam and I’m a freshman at senior high school. [1]Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge1.The first week2 was a little confusing.
[1]本句是主系表结构的简单句，动名词短语作主语。
精读细研
词块翻译：
1.________________
2._______
一个很大的挑战
第一周
[2]First，I had to think very carefully about3 which courses I wanted to take. The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones：maths，English，chemistry，world history，and Chinese.[3]I know that Chinese is a very difficult language4，but I hope to be fluent when I graduate.
[2]本句为复合句。which引导宾语从句。
[3]本句是but连接的并列复合句，第一个分句中，that引导宾语从句；第二个分句中，when引导时间状语从句。
词块翻译：
3.______
4._________________
考虑
一门非常难的语言
[4]My adviser recommended that I should sign up for5 advanced literature6 because I like English and I’m good at7 it.
[4]本句为复合句。that引导宾语从句；because引导原因状语从句。
词块翻译：
5._______________
6._________
7.______
报名(参加课程)
高级文学
擅长
I had to choose extra-curricular activities8，too.[5]I tried to join the school football team9，but the coach told me that I didn’t play well enough. Obviously，I was unhappy，but I won’t quit.
[5]本句是but连接的并列复合句。第二个分句中的that引导宾语从句。
词块翻译：
8.______________
9._______________
选择课外活动
加入校足球队
[6]I’ll find a way to10 improve on my own11 so that I can make the team12 next year.I joined a volunteer club instead.Every Wednesday，we work at a soup kitchen13 and hand out14 food to homeless people in the community.
[6]本句为复合句。so that引导目的状语从句。
词块翻译：
10.__________________
11.______________
12.__________
13.____________
14.______
一个做某事的方法
靠自己，独自
入选球队
食品救济站
分发
I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to15 being responsible for16 a lot more.[7]I’m a bit worried about keeping up with17 the other students in my advanced course，and it’ll be quite difficult to get used to all the homework. Still，I’m happy to be here.
[7]本句是and连接的并列句。第二个分句中的it是形式主语，不定式短语to get used to all the homework是真正的主语。
词块翻译：
15._______
16.____________
17.______
习惯于
对……负责
跟上
[8]Studying hard isn’t always fun，but I’ll be well prepared for18 university or whatever else comes in the future.
[8]本句是but连接的并列复合句。前一分句中的主语为动名词短语studying hard；后一分句中的whatever引导宾语从句，作介词for的宾语。
词块翻译：
18.______________
为……做准备
析篇章结构
返 回
challenge
courses
activities
planning
语言知识梳理
vt.较喜欢[preference n.偏爱；优先(权)；偏爱的事物]
[教材原句P12]I prefer helping others.我更喜欢帮助别人。
[译林版]However，the aid of computers isn’t always preferred.
然而，计算机的辅助并不总是受到青睐。
1
prefer
·prefer doing/to do sth更喜欢做某事
prefer sb to do...宁愿某人做……
prefer (doing) A to (doing) B宁愿(做)A而不愿(做)B，更喜欢(做)A而不
是(做)B
prefer to do A rather than do B宁愿做A而不愿做B，更喜欢做A而不是
做B
·have a preference for偏爱……
(1)Actually I prefer my teenage son (take) part in some social activities.
(2)The freshman prefers (take) a ballet course in his spare time，which is more suitable for him.
＝The freshman has a (prefer) for a ballet course in his spare time，which is more suitable for him.
to take
taking/to take
preference
(3)(话题写作之语言学习)当我学习英语时，我更喜欢读英语书而不是听英语歌曲。
When I study English，I _________________________________
_______________________________________________________
.
写作佳句
prefer reading English books to listening to English songs/prefer to read English books rather than listen to English songs
n.内容；[pl.]目录；(书、讲话、节目等的)主题；满意；含量 vt.使满足；使满意 adj.满意的；满足的
2
content
[教材原句P12]Predict content 预测内容
[外研版]All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts’ content with a ball made of plastic bags；just like Pelé did when he was a boy.
在世界各地你都可以看到孩子们心满意足地踢着用塑料袋团成的球——贝利小时候也就是那样的。
·with content满意地
to one’s heart’s content尽情地；心满意足地
·content oneself with sth满足于
·feel/be content with...对……满足/满意
be content to do sth满足于/愿意做某事
(1)With a smile on his face，the editor nodded to me content.
(2)If you content yourself the present situation，you won’t make more advances.
(3)That guy at last was tired of city life and he was content (live) in the countryside.
with
with
to live
(4)(读后续写之情感描写)老师对我们的项目很满意，因此我们得了一个好分数。当我激动地告诉我的搭档我们的成功时，他满意地笑了。我满足于完成这个项目，心满意足地笑了。
The teacher ，so we got an excellent grade.When I excitedly told my partner about our success，he smiled . I and smiled .
写作佳句
was content with our project
with content
to my heart’s content
was content to finish the project
[点津]　“对……满意”的常用短语小结：
①be content with　②be pleased with　③be satisfied with　④be happy with
adj.合适的；适用的(suit vt.适合；适宜 n.西装；套装 unsuitable adj.不合适的；不适用的)
[教材原句P14]The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones：maths，English，chemistry，world history，and Chinese.学校的指导老师帮我选择了适合我的课程：数学、英语、化学、世界史和中文。
[北师大版]But then they realised that it might not be suitable for a marketplace where products and services are in direct competition with each other.
但后来他们意识到，在产品与服务直接竞争的市场上，这种广告类型可能不太适合。
3
suitable
·be suitable for sb/sth适合某人/某物
be suitable to do sth适合做某事
·suit sb满足/适合某人；合身
suit one’s needs满足某人的需求
(1)Tai Chi (suit) almost everyone and it can be practised at home or outdoors.Obviously，it can suit different (people) needs.
(2)Firstly，because I speak fluent English，I think I am suitable (be) your tourist guide.
suits
people’s
to be
(3)(应用文写作之求职信)得知您需要一名合适的运动会志愿者，我相信我适合这份工作。
Learning that for the sports meeting，I am confident that I _______________________________________
.
写作佳句
you want a suitable volunteer
am suitable for the job/am suitable to do the job
vt.建议；推荐；介绍 (recommendation n.建议；推荐)
[教材原句P14]My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it.
我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学，因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错。
[译林版]All in all，I highly recommend this film.
总之，我强烈推荐这部电影。
4
recommend
recommend sb/sth (to sb)(向某人)推荐某人/某物
recommend sb/sth as...推荐某人/某物当……
recommend doing sth建议做某事
recommend sb to do sth建议某人做某事
recommend that...(should) do... 建议……做……
(1)I will recommend the outgoing guy your teaching assistant.He will recommend (organize) some extra-curricular activities that are suitable for teenagers.
(2)He strongly recommends me (sign) up for the English literature competition.
as
organizing
to sign
(3)(应用文写作之推荐地点)得知你要来中国旅游，我想向你推荐北京。我尤其建议你参观北京的故宫。我的确希望你觉得我的建议有用。
Learning that you will travel to China，I’d like to ____________
.I especially ______________________________
the Palace Museum in Beijing.I do hope that you can .
写作佳句
recommend
Beijing to you
recommend that you (should) visit/
you to visit
find my recommendation useful
adj.有责任的；负责的(irresponsible adj.不负责的 responsibly adv.认真负责地 responsibility n.责任；义务)
[教材原句P14]I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more.我知道作为高中生我得更加努力地学习，学会习惯承担更多的责任。
[北师大版]The other two local teachers were responsible for maths and Chinese.另外两名当地教师负责教授数学和语文。
5
responsible
·be responsible for对……负责
·take responsibility for (doing) sth/to do sth承担(做)……的责任
a sense of responsibility责任感
It is sb’s responsibility to do sth.做某事是某人的职责。
(1)I am content with the show because Tom with a sense of ____________
has organized it .(responsible)
(2)The members of the Student Union will be responsible cleaning up the greenhouse.
responsibility
responsibly
for
(3)(话题写作之传统文化)弘扬中华传统文化是年轻一代的责任。
to promote traditional Chinese culture.
(4)(2024·天津6月，书面表达)我们学生应该承担起建设绿色校园的责任，让我们现在就行动起来！
We students ____________________________________________
and let’s take action right now!
写作佳句
It is the younger generation’s responsibility
should take responsibility for building/to build a green campus
n.工作计划；日程安排；时刻表 vt.安排；预定
[教材原句P15]Finding time for both studies and extra-curricular activities is a big challenge，so I need to make a workable schedule.
找时间既学习又参加课外活动是一个很大的挑战，所以我需要制定一个可行的时间表。
[译林版]Try to stick to your sleep schedule at the weekend too...尽量周末也要坚持你的睡眠时间表……
6
schedule
·on schedule准时；按时间表
ahead of schedule提前
behind schedule迟于预定时间
·be scheduled for预定于；安排在……时间
be scheduled to do...预定做……
(1)Do something every day as planned，and you will achieve your goal _____ schedule or even ahead schedule.Otherwise，you will realize it _______
schedule.
(2)A lecture on advanced maths is scheduled 9 p.m. tomorrow.
on
of
behind
for
(3)(应用文写作之活动安排)运动会定于下周六早上八点在我们学校的操场举行。
The sports meet __________________________________________
.
写作佳句
is scheduled to be held in our school’s playground at 8 a.m.next Saturday
[教材原句P14]I’ll find a way to improve on my own so that I can make the team next year.我会找到一个让自己提高球技的方法，这样明年我就能加入球队了。
7
so that 引导目的状语从句
so that的用法如下：
·so that引导目的状语从句，意为“以便，为了”，可用in order that 替换，从句中常
有may，can，could等情态动词。
·表示目的还可以用“so as to/in order to＋动词原形”。
·so that也可引导结果状语从句，意为“因此，所以”，通常不与情态动词连用，从
句前可用逗号与主句隔开。
注意：in order that也可以引导目的状语从句，so that一般不用于句首，而in order that可用于句首。
(1)(2023·北京，书面表达)为什么不在北京参观一些环保建筑，以便我们可以了解它们的设计呢？
Why not visit some eco-friendly buildings in Beijing __________________
_______________________________________________________________

(2)(读后续写之动作描写)马克拿起一块石头，扔向狼，结果它转身离开了。
Mac picked up a stone and threw it to the wolf，_____________________
.
so that/in order that we can learn about/in order to learn about/so as to learn about their design
so that it turned back and left
(3)(2023·上海1月，书面表达)为了让我们学生能积极地参与到英语口语课堂中，我给您推荐几个有趣的游戏。
we students can actively take part in the spoken English class，I recommend some interesting games to you.
In order that
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基础达标检测
1.I won’t eat food with a high fat content because I don’t want to become fat.
2.The disease is so advanced that he has just several months to live.
3.He is a graduate of Peking University and he is an able man.
Ⅰ.品句猜词
________
___________
_________
n.毕业生
adj.晚期的
n.含量
1.Today’s is how to use survival skills in a dangerous situation to save yourself.
2.To be in English，I often surf the Internet to get some practical strategies.
3.Students in senior high school must study hard to get education at universities.
4.Actually you should buying such a big house，because you don’t have much money.
Ⅱ.单词拼写
topic
fluent
advanced
quit
5.The teenager (向……挑战) me to compete with him in the running race and I readily accepted it.
6.The female students (自愿做) to clean up the greenhouse after school for the old professor yesterday.
7.These (一年级新生) began to explore the campus as soon as they arrived at the university.
8.They are discussing different (解决办法) to the difficult problem.
challenged
volunteered
freshmen
solutions
1. (obvious)，using flash cards in class is a good way to teach Chinese.
2.The extra-curricular activity is scheduled (take) place next Sunday.
3.The curious boy preferred (explore) the museum on the weekend.
4.I was quite content the title he offered and I smiled happily.
5.He is suitable (join) the debate club，because he has an outgoing personality.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
Obviously
to take
exploring/to explore
with
to join
6.He asked in (confuse)，“How have you managed to enter this famous junior high school？”
7.The warm-hearted designer recommended me (organise) this activity in this way.
8.It is my (responsible) to help those young men and women in the company.
confusion
to organise
responsibility
I’m Adam,1. freshman at senior high school.The first week was a little 2. (confuse) for me.
There are some 3. (challenge) I have to face in my new school life. First，I had to think carefully about my courses.Chinese is hard to learn，but I hope I can speak it 4. (fluent) when I graduate.My adviser 5. (recommend) me to sign up for advanced literature because I’m good 6. English.Second，I had to choose my extra-curricular activities.I tried 7. (join) the school football team 8._____
failed，because the coach thought I didn’t do well enough.Instead，I joined a volunteer club.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
a
confusing
challenges
fluently
recommended
at
to join
but
In order to be well 9. (prepare) for university or whatever else 10. (come) in the future，I make up my mind to study harder and get used to the new situation.
prepared
comes
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作业2
1.Now I (正在考虑) using this strategy to achieve my goal.
2.I recommend this freshman (报名参加) this volunteer club so that he can learn to take more responsibility.
3.The exchange students from America (习惯于) studying in our junior high school and they were happy every day.
4.My outgoing partner (跟上) the other students in studies so far and he has become more confident than before.
Ⅰ.短语填空
am thinking about
to sign up for
got used to
has kept up with
5.These warm-hearted teenagers are busy (分发) food to homeless people in the community.
6.The young guy (对……负责) the advanced literature course and he is popular with his students.
handing out
is responsible for
1.对我来说，适应新学校很难。(It is＋adj.＋for sb＋to do...)
my new school.
2.显而易见，面临如此多的挑战使我困惑。(动词-ing形式短语作主语)
It is obvious that makes me confused.
3.因为我对自己不满意，因此我宁愿保持沉默也不愿和其他人交流。(because引导原因状语从句)
，I prefer to be silent rather than communicate with others.
Ⅱ.主题微写作——学校生活
It is difficult for me to adapt to
facing so many challenges
Because I am not content with myself
4.幸运的是，我的学校顾问建议我加入小组讨论以便我可以变得更外向。(so that引导目的状语从句)
Luckily，my school adviser recommends that I join in group discussions
.
5.他也提醒我必须勇敢地为自己的学习负责。(that引导宾语从句)
He also reminds me my own learning bravely.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
so that I could become more outgoing
that I must be responsible for
A
Some of the classrooms at Taft Elementary in Santa Clara，California，have one disadvantage in common：They don’t have windows.That’s true for Logan Earnest’s fifth grade classroom，and he felt it was influencing his students.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Ernesto Rodriguez将风景“带进”教室，让孩子们能够在没有窗户的教室里接触到自然。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
“Most of the day，they’re inside，” Earnest told CBS News.“And they don’t really get to see any trees，grass，or the blue sky.” He said the gray walls could be depressing to the kids and may influence their attention and even their attendance.
This was confirmed(证实) by former school psychologist Ernesto Rodriguez，who said the lack(缺乏) of windows does influence kids，because research shows being in and around nature eases anxiety and benefits students.Though no longer a practicing psychologist，perhaps he knows now more than ever the influence nature has on mental health. Rodriguez became a park keeper on Southern California’s Catalina Island and began focusing on his passion—landscape photography.
It was during his training to become a park ranger that he learned a fact that kids who have views out windows to trees do better academically，emotionally(情感上) and creatively.So an idea to bring nature into rooms came to his mind：bring landscapes into classrooms—through the ceiling(天花板)，because teachers don’t typically use the ceiling.
Rodriguez took 360 degree shots of tree canopies(树冠) using his photography skills，then he printed them and fit them onto the classroom ceiling of Earnest’s fifth grade.“Beautiful，” one student said as she entered the room.Another student said the trees brought him peace，“When you look up，it feels like you’re sitting under a tree.”
Earnest said he thought there would be many positive influences on his students.“I think my attendance is going to go up.The kids are going to want to come here more frequently.Overall，I think the kids are going to be happier，” he said.
1.What is the common challenge shared by some classrooms at Taft Elementary
A.Lack of fresh air.
B.They don’t have enough lighting.
C.Absence of windows.
D.They have limited access to technology.
√
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Some of the classrooms at Taft Elementary in Santa Clara，California，have one disadvantage in common：They don’t have windows.”可知，这个学校的一些教室面临的一个共同挑战是它们都没有窗户。故选C。
解析
2.Why did Ernesto Rodriguez bring landscapes into classrooms
A.To advance his photography skills.
B.To connect the students with nature.
C.To improve the teachers’ performance.
D.To cause the students great excitement.
√
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This was confirmed(证实) by former school psychologist Ernesto Rodriguez，who said the lack(缺乏) of windows does influence kids，because research shows being in and around nature eases anxiety and benefits students.”以及第四段可知，Ernesto Rodriguez了解到自然可以缓解焦虑并对学生有益，缺乏窗户会影响孩子，而那些能看到窗外树木的孩子在学业、情感和创造力方面都表现更好，所以他想到了通过天花板把风景带进教室这个方法。其目的是为了将学生和自然联系在一起。故选B。
解析
3.How did the students react to Rodriguez’s pictures on the classroom ceiling
A.They did not notice the change.
B.They failed to focus on lessons.
C.They preferred the usual ceiling.
D.They agreed with the new additions.
√
推理判断题。根据第五段中两名学生的评价“‘Beautiful，’ one student said as she entered the room.Another student said the trees brought him peace，‘When you look up，it feels like you’re sitting under a tree.’”可推知，学生很喜欢教室天花板上的风景，即他们认可这新添加的东西。故选D。
解析
4.What’s Logan Earnest’s attitude towards the change in the classroom
A.Unsure. B.Supportive.
C.Alarmed. D.Anxious.
√
观点态度题。根据最后一段“Earnest said he thought there would be many positive influences on his students.‘I think my attendance is going to go up.The kids are going to want to come here more frequently. Overall，I think the kids are going to be happier，’ he said.”可推知，他对教室里的改变是持欣赏和赞同的态度的。故选B。
解析
B(此篇精读)
(2025·福建宁德五校高一上期中联考)
Sometimes having a teenager at home can be a real headache.Many teenagers develop bad habits or do strange things at will(任意).Basically，they are often taking risks.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了青少年因非常关心同龄人对自己的看法而容易冒险，有同龄人在身边，青少年倾向于更多地关注短期利益。
Earlier studies have shown that teenagers are more likely(可能的) to make irrational decisions than people from any other age group，including children and adults.According to professor Laurence Steinberg，the reason is that teens care a lot about how their peers see them—that’s the influence of “peer influence”，reported Science Daily.As children enter their teenage years，they spend more time with their friends and classmates and also become more sensitive to their feedback.This sensitivity drives teenagers to concentrate on the short-term benefits of making risky choices and overlook the costs.
In a test，a group of teenagers were asked to play a video driving game.When they played with their friends watching，they took more chances and drove more carelessly because that would increase their possibility of winning.But when they played alone，they tended to(往往会) drive more safely.
Why does pressure from peers have such a big influence on teens’ behavior As Steinberg sees it，a teenager’s brain is like a car with a good accelerator(油门) but a weak brake.The “accelerator”，the brain’s ability to notice the benefits of things，is fully developed by teenage years while the “brake”，the brain part related to controlling impulses(冲动) and long-term thinking，is still immature(不成熟的).When teens are under the pressure of being judged by their peers，they tend to push hard on the accelerator.Given how weak the brake is，it is likely that they are going to end up in a crash.
But the good news here，according to Steinberg，is that a violent teenager doesn’t necessarily become a violent adult.About two-thirds to three-quarters of violent youth grow out of it.“They get more self-controlled，” Steinberg told Live Science.
Also，people who haven’t committed a violent crime(犯下暴力罪行) by age 19 are less likely to start doing it later，added Steinberg.
5.What does the underlined word “irrational” in the second paragraph mean
A.Crazy. B.Quick. C.Careful. D.Independent.
√
词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“As children enter their teenage years...This sensitivity drives teenagers to concentrate on the short-term benefits of making risky choices and overlook the costs.”可知，青少年对他们的朋友和同学的反馈更敏感，这使得他们关注由冒险选择带来的短期好处而忽视其代价，也就是说青少年更有可能做一些疯狂的决定。故画线词意思是“疯狂的”。故选A。
解析
6.Why are teenagers likely to take risks according to the text
A.They are eager to challenge themselves.
B.They are too young to tell right from wrong.
C.Their brains are more sensitive to thrilling events.
D.They care a lot about what their peers think of them.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“According to professor Laurence Steinberg，the reason is that teens care a lot about how their peers see them...”可知，青少年容易冒险因为他们非常在乎同龄人对他们的看法。故选D。
解析
7.Why are teenagers influenced by pressure from their peers
A.They are playing alone.
B.They are often taking risks.
C.They are making decisions without thinking about others.
D.They are weak at controlling themselves and seldom have long-term
thinking.
√
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The ‘accelerator’，the brain’s ability to notice the benefits of things，is fully developed by teenage years while the ‘brake’，the brain part related to controlling impulses(冲动) and long-term thinking，is still immature(不成熟的).When teens are under the pressure of being judged by their peers，they tend to push hard on the accelerator.Given how weak the brake is，it is likely that they are going to end up in a crash.”可知，青少年的对控制冲动和长期思考有关的大脑部分还不成熟。当青少年处于被同龄人评判的压力之下时，他们往往会刹不住车。故选D。
解析
8.What can we know from the text
A.The majority of teenagers become less violent when they grow up.
B.Those who love taking risks are more likely to commit violent crimes.
C.Violent teenagers often grow to be adults who cannot control
themselves well.
D.People who are over 19 years old are less likely to commit a crime than
teenagers.
√
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“About two-thirds to three-quarters of violent youth grow out of it.‘They get more self-controlled，’ Steinberg told Live Science.”可知，大多数青少年长大后变得不那么暴力了。故选A。
解析
1.basically(派)＝basic＋ally adv.基本上，大体上
2.sensitive adj.敏感的→sensitivity n.敏感；敏锐
3.feedback(合)＝feed＋back n.反馈
4.drive 熟义：v.驾驶　生义：v.驱使
5.overlook(派)＝over＋look v.忽视，忽略
词汇积累
When they played with their friends watching，they took more chances and drove more carelessly because that would increase their possibility of winning.
分析：此句为复合句。when引导时间状语从句，with their friends watching为with 的复合结构，because引导原因状语从句。
翻译：当他们在朋友们的关注下玩(游戏)时，他们会冒更多的险，开车时也更不小心，因为这样会增加他们获胜的可能性。
句式分析
(2025·福建高一上期中)
This morning，as I finished my shopping and was leaving，a heartwarming scene unfolded right before my eyes.A young mother，together with her little boy，perhaps around four or five years old，
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位年轻的母亲和她的孩子给一个无家可归的人食物的故事。
Ⅳ.完形填空
was also on their way out of the 1 .Just then the young mother 2 halfway suddenly，as she 3 a homeless man sitting right in front of them.
1.A.restaurant B.supermarket
C.hospital D.cinema
2.A.listened B.shouted
C.stopped D.drove
3.A.took notice of B.kept away from
C.thought of D.depended on
√
√
√
1.restaurant餐馆；supermarket超市；hospital医院；cinema电影院。由上文“I finished my shopping and was leaving”可知，这里指走出“超市”。故选B。
2.listen听；shout喊叫；stop停止；drive开车。由下文“halfway suddenly”以及语境可知，这里指这位母亲半路上突然“停”了下来。故选C。
3.take notice of注意到；keep away from远离；think of想起；depend on取决于，依靠。由下文“a homeless man sitting right in front of them”以及语境可知，这里指这位母亲“注意到”一个无家可归的男人坐在前面。故选A。
解析
Thinking for a while，the mother 4 into her shopping bag and took out a packet(包) of chocolate.With a smile，she quickly opened the pack，sharing two pieces of chocolate with her child.But the 5 didn’t end there.
4.A.broke B.ran
C.separated D.reached
5.A.advantage B.performance
C.sweetness D.adventure
√
√
4.break打破；run跑；separate分开；reach到达，伸手。由下文“into her shopping bag and took out a packet(包) of chocolate”可知，这里指这位母亲“伸手”进购物袋，然后拿出一包巧克力。故选D。
5.advantage优点，有利条件；performance表演；sweetness甜，甜蜜；adventure冒险。由上文“sharing two pieces of chocolate with her child”以及下文“The little boy was to offer two pieces of the treats to the homeless man.”可知，这里指分享巧克力这样“甜蜜”的事情并未就这样结束，后面孩子还把巧克力给了那个无家可归的男人。故选C。
解析
She whispered(耳语) something to her son and the boy seemed to 6 and nodded his head.The little boy was 7 to offer two pieces of the treats to the homeless man.Though shocked，the man’s face lit up(喜形于色) with pure 8 and gratitude(感激) as the child shyly handed over the chocolate.
6.A.cancel B.understand
C.announce D.succeed
7.A.instructed B.forced
C.ordered D.scared
8.A.luck B.goal
C.fright D.joy
√
√
√
6.cancel取消，终止；understand理解；announce宣布，宣告；succeed成功。由下文“nodded his head”可知，这里指小孩“理解”母亲所说的，然后点了头。故选B。
7.instruct指示；force强迫；order命令；scare (使)害怕。由上文“She whispered(耳语) something to her son”可知，这里指小孩按照母亲的“指示”给那个无家可归的男人两块巧克力。故选A。
8.luck运气；goal目标；fright恐惧；joy快乐。由上文“the man’s face lit up(喜形于色)”可知，收到小孩给的巧克力，男人脸上因为“快乐”而露出喜悦之色。故选D。
解析
The mother then 9 more food from her shopping bag to the man.The process included a brief，friendly 10 .Their interaction(互动) was filled with warmth.
9.A.introduced B.borrowed
C.gifted D.showed
10.A.conversation B.impression
C.lecture D.diary
√
√
9.introduce介绍；borrow借；gift赠送；show显示。由下文“more food from her shopping bag to the man”可知，这里指男孩母亲送给无家可归的男人更多食物。故选C。
10.conversation对话；impression印象；lecture讲座；diary日记。由下文“Their interaction(互动) was filled with warmth.”可知，男孩母亲和无家可归的男人还通过“对话”进行了互动。故选A。
解析
Watching this warm scene in person，I couldn’t help but feel 11 ，realizing that even a 12 act can make others’ day.That little boy，learning empathy(同情) and generosity(慷慨) at such a young age，
11.A.disappointed B.touched
C.content D.confident
12.A.brave B.rude
C.mistaken D.simple
√
√
11.disappointed失望的；touched感动的；content满意的；confident自信的。由上文“Watching this warm scene in person”可知，这里指作者被这暖人的场景“感动”了。故选B。
12.brave勇敢的；rude粗鲁的；mistaken被误解的；simple简单的。由上文“The little boy was to offer two pieces of the treats to the homeless man.”和“The mother then more food from her shopping bag to the man.”可知，这里指给食物这样“简单的”行为也能让别人十分开心。故选D。
解析
will 13 grow into a caring and well-rounded individual，spreading 14 wherever he goes.The world needs more 15 like these，when love and goodwill shine brightly.
13.A.surely B.directly
C.hardly D.narrowly
14.A.risk B.sweat
C.kindness D.loneliness
15.A.requests B.rules
C.speeches D.moments
√
√
√
13.surely当然，肯定；directly直接地；hardly几乎没有；narrowly勉强地。由下文“grow into a caring and well-rounded individual”可知，这里指作者认为小男孩“肯定”会成长为一个有爱心、全面发展的人。故选A。
14.risk风险；sweat汗水；kindness善良；loneliness孤独。由上文“The little boy was to offer two pieces of the treats to the homeless man.”可知，这里指小男孩无论走到哪里都会传播善意。故选C。
15.request请求；rule规则；speech演讲；moment时刻。由下文“when love and goodwill shine brightly”可知，这里指世界需要更多像这样充满爱的“时刻”。故选D。
解析
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