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Period 2　Reading and Thinking
1．Why were people asleep as usual before the earthquake
A．Because they knew well about earthquakes.
B．Because they paid no attention to unusual things.
C．Because they realized the arrival of an earthquake.
D．Because something strange happened in many places.
答案　B
2．What does the last sentence “Slowly，the city began to breathe again.” in paragraph 4 mean
A．The trees turned green.
B．The animals began to breathe.
C．The city returned to normal gradually.
D．People who were trapped came to life.
答案　C
3．What has Tangshan city proved to the world
A．We should work hard and be kind.
B．We should be caring and help others.
C．We should be hopeful and unite as one.
D．We should keep trying and never give up.
答案　C
4．How does the author show the seriousness of the earthquake in the text
A．By telling some stories.
B．By using some pictures.
C．By quoting some experts.
D．By describing some events.
答案　A
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP
Strange things were happening in the countryside1 of northeastern Hebei.For several days，the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell.There were deep cracks [1]that appeared in the well walls.At least2 one well had some smelly gas [2]coming out of it.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to3 go inside buildings.Mice ran out of the fields [3]looking for4 places to hide，and fish jumped out of the water.At about 3：00 a．m.，on 28 July 1976，bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard.But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual5 that night.
[1]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词cracks，that在从句中作主语，不能省略。
[2]coming out of it是动词-ing形式短语作后置定语，修饰gas。
[3]looking for places to hide是动词-ing形式短语作伴随状语。
词块翻译：
1．在乡村
2．至少
3．拒绝做某事
4．寻找
5．像往常一样
At 3：42 a．m.，everything began to shake.It seemed as if6 the world were coming to an end7！Eleven kilometres directly below the city，one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun，[4]a quake that even caused damage8 more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it！A huge crack，eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide，cut across houses，roads，and waterways.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In less than9 one minute，a large city lay in ruins10.Two thirds of the people [5]who lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children were left without parents.The number of11 people [6]who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
[4] a quake是one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century的同位语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a quake，that在从句中作主语。
[5][6]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词people，who在从句中作主语。
6.好像；似乎
7．结束
8．造成损失
9．少于
10．严重受损；破败不堪
11．……的数量
[7]Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins.Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings,90 percent of its homes，and all of its hospitals were gone.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves，but no wind could blow them away12.Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross.The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal.Tens of thousands of cows，hundreds of thousands of pigs，and millions of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of13 water.People were in shock14—and then，later that afternoon，another big quake shook Tangshan again.Even more buildings fell down15.[8]Water，food，and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder [9]how long the disaster would last.
[7]Everywhere survivors looked 是由从属连词everywhere引导的地点状语从句。
[8]此句为“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”的句型，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
[9]how引导宾语从句。
12.把……吹走
13．代替；而不是
14．震惊；吃惊
15．倒塌；跌倒
But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan [10]to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care16.Workers built shelters for17 survivors [11]whose homes had been destroyed.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.Water and food were brought into the city by train，truck，and plane.Slowly，the city began to breathe again.
[10]to dig out those who were trapped和to bury the dead是两个不定式短语作目的状语；其中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词those，who在从句中作主语。
[11]whose引导定语从句，修饰先行词survivors，whose在从句中作定语修饰homes。
16.提供医疗护理
17．为……建立避难所
Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet18.With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts19 of the city’s people，a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.The new city has become a home to more than seven million people，with great improvements in transportation，industry，and environment.Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world [12]that in times of20 disaster，people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive21 and rebuild for a brighter future.
[12]that引导宾语从句。
18.恢复健康；振作起来
19．不懈的努力
20．在……时期
21．保持积极
析篇章结构
ruin n．破坏；毁坏；废墟 vt.破坏；毁坏；使破产
[教材原句P50]In less than one minute，a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。
[北师大版]As one of the Olympic athletes，I miss birthday parties，ruin family holidays and skip nights out，but there is a very good reason for giving up so much.作为一名奥林匹克运动员，我错过生日聚会、破坏家庭旅行、放弃夜晚外出，但是放弃这么多是有合理的理由的。
·be/lie in ruins严重受损；破败不堪 ·ruin one’s hope/health/plan...毁掉/破坏某人的希望/健康/计划等
(1)Even if our hope was ruined(ruin)，we wouldn’t give up and we were still positive about our future.
[写作佳句]
(2)(读后续写之动作描写)地震后，整个城市成了一片废墟，军队像箭一样赶到城市营救幸存者。
The whole city was/lay in ruins after the earthquake and the army hurried to the city like an arrow to rescue survivors.
shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊 (shocking adj.令人震惊的 shocked adj.震惊的，惊讶的)
[教材原句P50]People were in shock—and then，later that afternoon，another big quake shook Tangshan again.人们惊恐万状，然而临近傍晚时分，又一场强烈的地震撼动唐山。
[外研版]When I recovered from the shock，I looked at my camera.当我从震惊中回过神来，我查看了相机。
·be a great shock to sb对某人来说是极大的震惊 in shock震惊地；吃惊地 to one’s shock 令某人吃惊的是 ·be shocked at/by sth对……吃惊 be shocked to do sth做某事很吃惊
(1)The captain looked at me in shock and couldn’t believe what had happened.
(2)To his fans’ shock，the athlete didn’t win a gold medal in the Olympic Games.His failure was a great shock to himself，too.
[写作佳句]
(3)(读后续写之情绪描写)简很震惊地发现自己在森林里迷了路，她双手捂着脸，无法控制地哭了起来。
Jane was rather shocked to find that she was lost in the forest and she buried her face in her hands，crying uncontrollably.
(4)(读后续写之震惊心理描写)我对他的失败感到震惊，我愣住了，一动不动地站着。
I was shocked at/by his failure and I froze，standing rooted to the spot.
trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱
[教材原句P50]Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。
[北师大版]Having once been a healthy and successful young man to being trapped in a broken body was like a living nightmare to him.他曾经是一个健康、成功的年轻人，现在却被困在一副受伤的身体里，这对他来说就像一个真实的噩梦。
·be trapped in被困在……中；陷在……中 trap sb into (doing) sth诱使某人(做)某事 ·set a trap for给……设圈套 fall into a trap落入圈套/陷阱
(1)I，rather than he，succeeded in trapping Bob into telling(tell) the truth.
(2)I would like to set a trap for the wolf in order to catch it and could you please come along with me
(3)If you are not careful enough，you will probably fall into a trap and you will be cheated out of lots of money.
[写作佳句]
(4)(读后续写之情绪描写)徒步旅行时，我不仅被困在山里，还受伤了，我是如此无助，泪水模糊了我的眼睛。
When hiking，I was not only trapped in the mountain but also got injured and I was so helpless that tears clouded my eyes.
bury vt.埋葬；安葬
[译林版]The time capsule，buried 50 feet below the ground in a park，was designed to be opened in the year 6939.这个时间舱埋在一个公园地下50英尺处，设计于6939年打开。
bury one’s face/head in one’s hands双手捂脸/抱头 埋头/专心 做 某事
(1)The embarrassed host buried his head in his hands and wondered how to hide his embarrassment.
(2)A graceful lady sat at a wooden table，buried in reading(read) English articles.
[写作佳句]
(3)这对双胞胎专心做早饭，他们没有注意到爸爸溜进了厨房。
The twins buried themselves in/were buried in cooking breakfast and they didn’t notice their father slide into the kitchen.
breathe vi.& vt.呼吸 (breath n．呼吸 breathless adj.气喘吁吁的)
[教材原句P50]Slowly，the city began to breathe again.慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
[译林版]The practice of tai chi aims to maintain the balance of yin and yang in the body through opposite movements：forwards and backwards，up and down，left and right，breathing in and breathing out.练习太极拳旨在通过一些相对的动作——进退、上下、左右、吐纳——来保持体内的阴阳平衡。
·breathe in/out 吸气/呼气 ·take a deep breath深呼吸 out of breath上气不接下气 hold one’s breath屏住呼吸 lose one’s breath喘不过气来 take one’s breath away令人惊叹；让人叹绝
(1)When you do yoga，breathe in deeply from the nose and breathe out slowly from the mouth.
(2)(动作描写)After swimming for a few minutes，the slim girl was out of breath and immediately swam back to the bank.
＝After swimming for a few minutes，the slim girl lost(lose) her breath and immediately swam back to the bank.
[写作佳句]
(3)(读后续写之动作链描写)他脱下衣服，深呼吸，然后跳进了冷水中。
He took off his clothes，took a deep breath and then jumped into the cold water.
(4)(读后续写之情绪描写)感觉到有什么东西朝我走来，我屏住呼吸，心狂跳。
Sensing that something was coming towards me，I held my breath and my heart beat wildly.
(5)第一次从空中看到这座岛令我叹赏不已。
My first view of the island from the air took my breath away.
effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
[教材原句P50]With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people，a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈的努力，一座新的唐山在废墟中被建立起来。
[外研版]I really don’t think it’s worth the effort of spending so much time preparing for a single meal，and then another hour cleaning up the mess after it’s over.花这么长时间准备一顿饭，饭后再花一个小时收拾，我真心觉得不值。
spare no effort to do sth不遗余力做某事 make efforts/an effort to do sth努力做某事 make every effort/all efforts to do sth尽全力做某事 in an effort to do sth为了做成某事；努力做某事 with joint efforts共同努力 without effort毫不费力
(1)Only with joint efforts can we make it to the destination，so never lose heart.
(2)The boy made an effort to work(work) out the difficult math problems.
(3)I solved the challenging problem without effort and I cracked a smile.
[写作佳句]
(4)(应用文写作之申请信)如果我获准成为您的助教，我将不遗余力履行我的职责。
If I am accepted as your teaching assistant，I will spare no effort to/make every effort to/make all efforts to perform my duties.
(5)(2024·浙江1月，读后续写)为了记住这座大教学楼里的方向，伊娃用了她的意念技巧，她的努力终于得到了回报。
In an effort to memorize the directions in this big teaching building，Eva used her mind trick and her efforts finally paid off.
suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦 (suffering n．苦难；痛苦 sufferer n．患者；受害者)
[教材原句P51]Some were found alive，though they were suffering from terrible injuries，but others had already stopped breathing when they were discovered.
有些人被发现时还活着，尽管他们受了重伤，但其他人在被发现时已经停止了呼吸。
[外研版]We all love roast beef and vegetables，but Mum says we’d better not eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies，according to traditional Chinese medicine.我们都喜欢烤的牛肉和蔬菜，但妈妈说最好不要吃太多烧烤食物，因为根据传统中医的说法，这会引起上火。
suffer pain/damage/loss/failure遭受痛苦/破坏/损失/失败 suffer from受……的折磨；因……而受苦 注意：suffer from的宾语一般是a bad back(背疼)，headache(头疼)，toothache(牙疼)，cold(感冒)等
(1)The survivor never talked about his suffering(s)(suffer) in the flood.
[写作佳句]
(2)这个小镇因严重干旱而遭受了巨大的损失，我们努力帮助这个小镇。
The small town suffered a great loss from the serious drought and we made an effort to help the town.
(3)(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)得知我的搭档得了重病，我焦虑得像热锅上的蚂蚁。
Learning that my partner was suffering from a serious illness，I was anxious like an ant on a hot pan.
as if/though
[教材原句P50]It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！仿佛世界末日即将来临！
as if/though在句中引导表语从句，也可引导方式状语从句，其用法如下：
(1)(应用文写作之建议信)看起来好像你真的对中国文化感兴趣，因此我建议你申请北京大学，中国最好的大学之一。
It seems as if/though you are really interested in Chinese culture，so I recommend you to apply for Peking University，one of the best universities in China.
(2)(读后续写之环境描写) 开满樱花的乡村看起来犹如铺满了粉红的雪。
The country，covered with cherry blossoms，looks as if/though it were covered with pink snow.
(3)(读后续写之悲伤心理描写) 他非常沮丧，似乎他已陷入悲伤的海洋中。
He was quite upset and it seemed as if/though he had been thrown into an ocean of sadness.
(4)(读后续写之动作描写)他不安地抬头看着我，动了动嘴唇，好像要对我说些什么。
He looks up at me anxiously and opens his lips as if/though he would say something to me.
分数/百分数＋of＋名词
[教材原句P50]Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it！全国几乎三分之一的地区均有震感！
[教材原句P50]About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings,90 percent of its homes，and all of its hospitals were gone.市内大约75%的工厂和大楼、90%的住房和所有的医院都倒塌了。
此两句含有分数one third和百分数75 percent,90 percent，其用法如下：
“分数/百分数＋of”之后的名词或代词 谓语动词
复数概念 复数
单数名词/不可数名词/表示单数的代词 单数
(1)80 percent of the family’s income was spent(spend) buying medicine last year.
(2)About two thirds of the students in our class are(be) interested in paper-cutting and the other students like drama.
[写作佳句]
(3)(图表类作文)根据上面的图表，65%的学生选择听英文歌曲，12%的学生更喜欢访问英语学习网站。
According to the above chart,65% of the students choose to listen to English songs while 12% prefer visiting/to visit English learning websites.
主语＋be＋adj.＋to do
[教材原句P50]Water，food，and electricity were hard to get.水、食物和电很难获得。
此句为“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”句式，其中的不定式是用主动形式表被动含义。若不定式为不及物动词，应在其后面加上适当的介词。此句式常用的形容词有：hard，difficult，easy，important，interesting，necessary，pleasant，comfortable。
(1)(应用文写作之感谢信)幸亏你及时慷慨的建议，这次主题班会对外国人来说很容易理解。
Thanks to your timely and generous advice，the theme class meeting is easy to understand for foreigners.
(2)(应用文写作之求助信)这些问题难以解决，因此我写信向你求助。
These problems are difficult/hard to solve，so I am writing to turn to you for help.
(3)It is interesting to take part in various after-class activities.
→Various after-class activities are interesting to take part in.(用“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”句式改写)
Ⅰ.品句猜词
1．What shocked① us was that several of those who survived the accident have been taken to hospital in a state of shock②.①vt.使震惊　 ②n.休克
2．Our English teacher preferred using slides to show us the important language points in our English class.n.幻灯片
3．A simple click can bring us a flood of music，films and PC games.n.大量
Ⅱ.单词拼写
1．The captain fell into an icy river and was fortunately rescued by some local villagers.
2．93 percent of the students in our class have mastered the grammar in this textbook.
3．Our English teacher now and then requests us to guess the meanings of unfamiliar words according to contexts(语境)．
4．He rather than I has lifted one thousand bricks(砖块) and he is quite tired.
5．With our leaders’ wisdom and intelligence，our country was unified.
6.Millions of people were sad about the scientist’s death and they couldn’t contain their tears.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．The guy trapped me into cheating in the important examination.
2．This experience caused the athlete much mental and physical suffering(suffer)．
3．There is no doubt that natural disasters cause damage to people every year.
4.Even if the city was destroyed(destroy) by the 7.8-magnitude earthquake，those survivors didn’t lose hope.
5．The organisation spared no effort to provide(provide) the homeless with food or shelter.
6. Compared to me，my partner is buried(bury) in learning and studies better than me.
7．I was shocked to find(find) that my son could hardly bear so much learning stress.
8.Even if the problem is difficult to solve(solve)，I won’t give up and I strongly believe that I will make it sooner or later.
9．He made a serious error，but he acted as if he had done(do) nothing wrong.
10．After he worked out for two hours in the school stadium，he breathed(breath) hard and broke into a sweat.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Many strange things happened before Tangshan earthquake happened.The well walls had deep cracks.Some 1.smelly(smell) gas came out of wells.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous 2.to eat(eat)．At 3：42 a．m.3.on 28 July 1976，everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world 4.were coming(come) to an end.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In less than one minute，the whole city lay in 5.ruins(ruin)．Two thirds of the people died or were injured.Nearly everything in the city 6.was destroyed(destroy)．People were shocked at this and wondered how long the disaster would last.
The army organized teams to dig out those 7.who were trapped and to bury the dead.Workers built shelters for survivors.Fresh water and food were taken to the city.8.Slowly(slow)，the city began to breathe again.With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people,9.a new Tangshan was built.It has proved that in times of disaster，people must unify and show the 10.wisdom(wise) to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.　　　　 　
作业2
[分值：60分]
Ⅰ.短语填空(共5小题；每题2分，满分10分)
1．She refused to(拒绝) accept my advice on how to become slim.
2．Now the captain is looking for(寻找) a better way to train all the athletes.
3．Everyone stresses the importance of the meeting that came to an end(结束) yesterday.
4．Many things were blown away(把……吹走) by the terrible tornado that happened yesterday.
5．Many houses and hospitals fell down(倒塌) in the earthquake and many soldiers came to rescue those survivors.
Ⅱ.主题微写作——自然灾害(满分15分)
1．我们都知道每年会发生许多自然灾害。(that引导宾语从句)
We all know that many natural disasters happen every year.
2．面对灾难，人们感觉世界末日到了。(as if)
Facing disasters，people feel as if the world were coming to an end.
3．人们所看之处，除了废墟什么都没有，这让所有的人都感到震惊。(everywhere引导地点状语从句)
Everywhere people look，there is nothing but ruins，which is a great shock to all the people.
4．幸运的是，政府不遗余力地帮助那些正在遭受灾难的人。(who引导定语从句)
Luckily，the government spares no effort to help those who are suffering from disasters.
5．通过共同努力，新的家园不难重建。(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do)
With joint efforts，the new home is not difficult/hard to rebuild.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·山东济宁高一上期中)
Many people love volcanoes，but few would love to face the extreme heat on their own.However，Katia and Maurice Krafft，a French couple，were different.Over the past few decades，they had followed volcanic eruptions，getting very close to dangerous hot lava(岩浆) and gases，and taking their discoveries with amazing photos.
The couple met by chance at the University of Strasbourg in the 1960s，and soon they became close because of their shared love for volcanoes.After graduating，they focused on studying volcanoes even though they didn’t have any extra money to support their work.They traveled with limited money and a deep love for the beauty of volcanoes.
Their journey was filled with risk and excitement.To get valuable first-hand information，they put their lives in danger by facing the heat and falling rocks，getting closer to danger than anyone else.As a result，they took close photos of many volcanoes erupting，like the eruption of Nevado del Ruiz in Colombia.These wonderful photos caught the attention of local governments，who later supported the couple with money to visit hundreds，or even thousands，of volcanoes around the world.
In June 1991，along with 40 other people，the couple went to record the eruption of Mount Unzen in Japan.Sadly，Katia and Maurice lost their lives while researching volcanic activity to warn people in the area to evacuate.Later，it was found that their bodies were nearest to the center of volcano.
In 2022，their story was turned into a film called Fire of Love by Sara Dosa，a prize-winning director.One viewer commented，“I was amazed by the couple’s achievement.All of this was done before drones(无人机)，which are used today to study volcanoes，were created.”
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Katia和Maurice夫妻二人生前致力于研究火山，近距离拍摄火山喷发的照片和影像，他们不惧危险，完全把生死置之度外。
1．What makes the French couple different from other volcano lovers
A．They were good at taking photos.
B．They were highly educated volcano experts.
C．They managed to stay safe from lava and gases.
D．They were not afraid of danger and ready to take risks.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，这对夫妻与其他人的不同之处在于他们没有因火山的高温、危险的岩浆和有毒的气体而退缩，而是无惧个人安危，迎难而上。故选D。
2．What did the couple do during their volcano travels
A．They recorded their journey to make a film.
B．They asked for money from the government.
C．They tried to warn and save lives during volcanic activity.
D．They got closer to the eruption center than anyone else.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Sadly，Katia and Maurice lost their lives while researching volcanic activity to warn people in the area to evacuate.”可知，两人研究火山喷发活动，以此警示当地人做好撤离准备，以免命丧火山。因此他们在火山之旅中试图警示并拯救生命。故选C。
3．What can be guessed from the last paragraph
A．The viewer wanted to study volcanoes.
B．The couple created drones for research.
C．The couple lived in a time without drones.
D．The couple applied drones to study volcanoes.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I was amazed by the couple’s achievement.All of this was done before drones(无人机)，which are used today to study volcanoes，were created.”可推断，这对夫妇生活在没有无人机的时代。故选C。
4．Which of the following words could best describe Katia and Maurice
A．Adventurous and selfless.
B．Patient and peace-loving.
C．Organized and careful.
D．Creative and hard-working.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“they had followed volcanic eruptions，getting very close to dangerous hot lava(岩浆) and gases”、第三段中“To get valuable first-hand information，they put their lives in danger by facing the heat and falling rocks，getting closer to danger than anyone else.”和第四段中“Sadly，Katia and Maurice lost their lives while researching volcanic activity to warn people in the area to evacuate.”可知，两人有冒险精神且很无私，故选A。
B(此篇精读)
(2025·广东高一上期末)
The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake，in which tens of thousands of people died and hundreds of thousands injured，was the event that changed everything for China in this field.The 8.0-magnitude quake had presented the most difficult relief challenges to the country since 1949，leading to a complete review and improvement of the country’s emergency response(响应) capabilities.Since then，preventing and controlling disasters has become a top concern for the Chinese government.
For earthquakes，getting an early warning is extremely important.The Chengdu High-tech Disaster Reduction Center found that a three-second early warning can lower the number of the injured by 14%；a ten-second warning，by 39%；a 20-second warning，by 63%.So in the following years China has developed an automatic(自动的) early warning system which can send out warnings to millions of people in China within just two minutes after an earthquake.
In 2018，the Chinese government also created the Ministry of Emergency Management，together with civil services，the Red Cross，and the National Fire and Rescue Administration to ensure a round-the-clock emergency response.There are now 27 specialized teams for mountain，water，and air rescues，as well as earthquake relief，and seven teams for helping with international rescue efforts.
Whether it is earthquake，typhoon，flood or forest fire，China has an excellent record in post-disaster recovery，as it is able to organize resources from various(各种各样的) departments including power，water conservancy(水利) and supply，telecommunications and disease control.To reduce the effects of follow-up disasters，these departments would do their parts to repair damaged roads and railways，restore power，water supply，communication and other services to help people get back to normal life.
Disaster relief requires the whole society to work together.And China sets an example of how to prevent loss and save lives by putting the people first.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国在灾害应对和恢复方面所做的努力和取得的成效。
5．How does this text show the importance of early warning systems
A．By using quotes.
B．By giving examples.
C．By listing numbers.
D．By making contrast.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The Chengdu High-tech Disaster Reduction Center found that a three-second early warning can lower the number of the injured by 14%；a ten-second warning，by 39%；a 20-second warning，by 63%.”可知，本文通过列举数字来展示预警系统的重要性。故选C。
6．Why has the government set up the specialized teams
A．To carry out disaster relief internationally.
B．To help with the rescue and recovery work.
C．To train local people in disaster prevention.
D．To handle forest fires more effectively.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 2018，the Chinese government also created...to ensure a round-the-clock emergency response.”可知，政府建立专业队伍是为了协助救援和恢复工作。故选B。
7．What can we learn from paragraph 4
A．The effects of follow-up disasters have been reduced.
B．A lot of natural disasters have happened in the world.
C．Disaster relief needs efforts across various departments.
D．Different departments are responsible for building roads and railways.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Whether it is earthquake，typhoon，flood or forest fire，China has an excellent record in post-disaster recovery，as it is able to organize resources from various(各种各样的) departments including power，water conservancy(水利) and supply，telecommunications and disease control.”可知，救灾工作需要多个部门的共同努力。故选C。
8．What’s the main idea of this text
A．China has improved disaster response and recovery.
B．China has developed an early warning system for earthquakes.
C．China organized various departments for post-disaster recovery.
D．China has created specialized departments to respond to earthquakes.
答案　A
解析　主旨大意题。根据第一段以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了中国在灾害应对和恢复方面所做的努力和取得的成效。故选A。
[词汇积累] 1．capability(派)＝capable＋ility n．能力；才能 2．develop 熟义：v.发展　生义(文义)：v.研发 3．ensure(派)＝en＋sure v．确保，保证 4．round-the-clock(合)＝round＋the＋clock adj.不分昼夜的 5．specialized(派)＝special＋ize＋d adj.专业的，专门的 [句式分析] The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake，in which tens of thousands of people died and hundreds of thousands injured，was the event that changed everything for China in this field. 分析：此句为复合句。in which的结构为“介词＋关系代词”，引导定语从句，修饰The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake；that引导定语从句，修饰the event。 翻译：2008年汶川地震造成数万人死亡、数十万人受伤，这一事件彻底改变了中国在这一(灾害应对)领域的一切。
Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题；每题1分，满分15分)
(2025·广东深圳高一上期中)
Peyton Thorby was only 8 years old，but this cheerleader proved to already be a star when she performed by herself.The 1 kid was a member of the K-Tech Krakens，and they were ready to compete in the Showcase for Champions Cheerleading Competition in Tampa，Florida.Peyton had been 2 this day for so long.However，when she and her mom 3 as quickly as possible，they 4 such surprising news.Her coaches were there，but for some reason，she was the only member that showed up.
This left little Peyton with two 5 .She could quit or she could compete as a team of one.According to her mom，Peyton was a little 6 this news as any child was.Once she 7 herself，though，she made the brave decision to perform 8 without a solo routine(一套动作) planned.
“I was 9 a lot，and I felt 10 in my stomach，” Peyton said.Although she felt nervous，Peyton 11 to put together a wonderful solo routine. 12 ，this cheerleader even earned herself first place.Needless to say，she was very happy with her decision to take a 13 .
“We were all proud of her，telling her how well she did，” her mom said，“because we took pride in not only the fact that she determined to do it by herself，but also the fact that they awarded her the first place trophy(奖杯)．That was all a(n) 14 .We had no idea.” Since getting this unbelievable 15 ，Peyton has entered the spotlight.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了8岁的Peyton Thorby在其他队员缺席的情况下独自参加啦啦队比赛并获得第一名的故事。
1．A.frightened B．tired
C．bored D．talented
答案　D
解析　frightened害怕的；tired累的；bored无聊的；talented有才能的。根据上文“this cheerleader proved to already be a star when she performed by herself”可知，Peyton很有天赋，故选D。
2．A.working out B．looking forward to
C．keeping away from D．getting on with
答案　B
解析　work out锻炼，解决；look forward to期待；keep away from远离；get on with进展，继续。根据上文“they were ready to compete”和空后“this day for so long”可知，她们准备好了参加比赛，Peyton期待这一天已经很久了，故选B。
3．A.arrived B．returned
C．behaved D．debated
答案　A
解析　arrive到达；return返回；behave举止，表现；debate辩论。根据下文“she was the only member that showed up”可知，她是唯一一个出现的队员，故此处指当她和妈妈赶到时，故选A。
4．A.applied to B．looked for
C．learnt about D．turned up
答案　C
解析　apply to适用于；look for寻找；learn about了解；turn up出现，调高(音量)。结合空后“such surprising news”可知，此处指她们得知了这样一个令人惊讶的消息，故选C。
5．A.levels B．rules
C．models D．choices
答案　D
解析　level水平；rule规则；model模型；choice选择。根据下文“She could quit or she could compete as a team of one.”可知，Peyton面临两种选择，故选D。
6．A.disappointed at B．anxious for
C．excited about D．content with
答案　A
解析　(be)disappointed at对……失望；(be)anxious for担心；(be)excited about对……感到兴奋；(be)content with对……感到满意。根据上文可知，其他队员没有出现，她要么退出，要么一个人参加比赛，她对此应是感到失望，故选A。
7．A.expressed B．collected
C．selected D．respected
答案　B
解析　express表达；collect使镇定；select选择；respect尊重。根据下文“she made the brave decision”可知，她镇静下来，作出了一个勇敢的决定，collect oneself “镇定下来，敛神专注”，故选B。
8．A.above B．about
C．away D．alone
答案　D
解析　above在(或向)……上面；about关于；away离开；alone独自。根据上文“she could compete as a team of one”可知，她独自参赛，故选D。
9．A.shaking B．exercising
C．chatting D．wondering
答案　A
解析　shake颤抖；exercise锻炼；chat聊天；wonder想知道。根据语境及下文“she felt nervous”可知，独自参赛，她感到紧张，故她颤抖得很厉害，故选A。
10．A.unfair B．uncomfortable
C．unlucky D．unnecessary
答案　B
解析　unfair不公平的；uncomfortable不舒服的；unlucky不幸的；unnecessary不必要的。结合下文“she felt nervous”可知，她很紧张，故此处指胃里不舒服，故选B。
11．A.agreed B．refused
C．managed D．afforded
答案　C
解析　agree同意；refuse拒绝；manage设法完成；afford支付得起。根据上文“Although she felt nervous”表达的让步关系和下文“this cheerleader even earned herself first place”可知，虽然感到紧张，但她还是设法完成了一段精彩的独舞，故选C。
12．A.Actually B．Obviously
C．Safely D．Hurriedly
答案　A
解析　actually事实上；obviously明显地；safely安全地；hurriedly匆忙地。根据上文“a wonderful solo routine”以及空后“this cheerleader even earned herself first place”可知，她完成了一段精彩的独舞，事实上，她甚至赢得了第一名，故选A。
13．A.break B．look
C．chance D．breath
答案　C
解析　break休息；look看；chance机会；breath呼吸。结合上文“she made the brave decision to perform”可知，她决定独自参赛表演，故此处指她很高兴自己决定冒险一试，take a chance“冒险”，符合语境，故选C。
14．A.measure B．order
C．promise D．surprise
答案　D
解析　measure措施；order命令；promise承诺；surprise惊喜。结合下文“We had no idea.”可知，她们没有想到Peyton会获得第一名，因此这个奖对她们来说是个惊喜，故选D。
15．A.example B．achievement
C．power D．opinion
答案　B
解析　example例子；achievement成就；power力量，权力；opinion观点。结合上文“they awarded her the first place trophy(奖杯)”可知，Peyton获得了令人难以置信的成就，故选B。(共102张PPT)
Period 2
Reading and Thinking
Natural disasters
Unit 4
内容索引
Step 1　课文深度理解
Step 2　语言知识梳理
Step 3　基础达标检测
作业2
课文深度理解
1.Why were people asleep as usual before the earthquake
A.Because they knew well about earthquakes.
B.Because they paid no attention to unusual things.
C.Because they realized the arrival of an earthquake.
D.Because something strange happened in many places.
√
泛读速选
2.What does the last sentence “Slowly，the city began to breathe again.” in paragraph 4 mean
A.The trees turned green.
B.The animals began to breathe.
C.The city returned to normal gradually.
D.People who were trapped came to life.
√
3.What has Tangshan city proved to the world
A.We should work hard and be kind.
B.We should be caring and help others.
C.We should be hopeful and unite as one.
D.We should keep trying and never give up.
√
4.How does the author show the seriousness of the earthquake in the text
A.By telling some stories.
B.By using some pictures.
C.By quoting some experts.
D.By describing some events.
√
THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP
Strange things were happening in the countryside1 of northeastern Hebei.For several days，the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell.There were deep cracks [1]that appeared in the well walls.
[1]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词cracks，that在从句中作主语，不能省略。
精读细研
词块翻译：
1.________
在乡村
At least2 one well had some smelly gas [2]coming out of it.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to3 go inside buildings.Mice ran out of the fields [3]looking for4 places to hide，and fish jumped out of the water.
[2]coming out of it是动词-ing形式短语作后置定语，修饰gas。
[3]looking for places to hide是动词-ing形式短语作伴随状语。
词块翻译：
2.______
3.____________
4.______
至少
拒绝做某事
寻找
At about 3：00 a.m.，on 28 July 1976，bright lights were seen in the sky outside the city of Tangshan and loud noises were heard.But the city’s one million people were asleep as usual5 that night.
词块翻译：
5._____________
像往常一样
At 3：42 a.m.，everything began to shake.It seemed as if6 the world were coming to an end7！Eleven kilometres directly below the city，one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century had begun，[4]a quake that even caused damage8 more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.
[4] a quake是one of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century的同位语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a quake，that在从句中作主语。
词块翻译：
6.____________
7.______
8.__________
好像；似乎
结束
造成损失
Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it！A huge crack，eight kilometres long and 30 metres wide，cut across houses，roads，and waterways.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In less than9 one minute，a large city lay in ruins10.
词块翻译：
9.______
10.____________________
少于
严重受损；破败不堪
Two thirds of the people [5]who lived there were dead or injured.Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of11 people [6]who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.
[5][6]who引导定语从句，修饰先行词people，who在从句中作主语。
词块翻译：
11.____________
……的数量
[7]Everywhere survivors looked，there was nothing but ruins.Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings,90 percent of its homes，and all of its hospitals were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves，but no wind could blow them away12.
[7]Everywhere survivors looked 是由从属连词everywhere引导的地点状语从句。
词块翻译：
12._____________
把……吹走
Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross.The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal.Tens of thousands of cows，hundreds of thousands of pigs，and millions of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of13 water. People were in shock14—and then，later that afternoon，another big quake shook Tangshan again.
词块翻译：
13.______________
14.____________
代替；而不是
震惊；吃惊
Even more buildings fell down15. [8]Water，food，and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder [9]how long the disaster would last.
[8]此句为“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”的句型，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
[9]how引导宾语从句。
词块翻译：
15.____________
倒塌；跌倒
But hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan [10]to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide medical care16.
[10]to dig out those who were trapped和to bury the dead是两个不定式短语作目的状语；其中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词those，who在从句中作主语。
词块翻译：
16.______________
提供医疗护理
Workers built shelters for17 survivors [11]whose homes had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.Water and food were brought into the city by train，truck，and plane.Slowly，the city began to breathe again.
[11]whose引导定语从句，修饰先行词survivors，whose在从句中作定语修饰homes。
词块翻译：
17.__________________
为……建立避难所
Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet18.With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts19 of the city’s people，a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.The new city has become a home to more than seven million people，with great improvements in transportation，industry，and environment.
词块翻译：
18.___________________
19.___________
恢复健康；振作起来
不懈的努力
Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world [12]that in times of20 disaster，people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive21 and rebuild for a brighter future.
[12]that引导宾语从句。
词块翻译：
20.___________
21.__________
在……时期
保持积极
析篇章结构
返 回
signs
during
revival
strange
shake
were buried
语言知识梳理
n.破坏；毁坏；废墟 vt.破坏；毁坏；使破产
[教材原句P50]In less than one minute，a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟的时间里，一座大城市沦为废墟。
[北师大版]As one of the Olympic athletes，I miss birthday parties，ruin family holidays and skip nights out，but there is a very good reason for giving up so much.作为一名奥林匹克运动员，我错过生日聚会、破坏家庭旅行、放弃夜晚外出，但是放弃这么多是有合理的理由的。
1
ruin
(1)Even if our hope (ruin)，we wouldn’t give up and we were still positive about our future.
was ruined
·be/lie in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
·ruin one’s hope/health/plan...毁掉/破坏某人的希望/健康/计划等
(2)(读后续写之动作描写)地震后，整个城市成了一片废墟，军队像箭一样赶到城市营救幸存者。
after the earthquake and the army hurried to the city like an arrow to rescue survivors.
写作佳句
The whole city was/lay in ruins
n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊 (shocking adj.令人震惊的 shocked adj.震惊的，惊讶的)
2
shock
[教材原句P50]People were in shock—and then，later that afternoon，another big quake shook Tangshan again.人们惊恐万状，然而临近傍晚时分，又一场强烈的地震撼动唐山。
[外研版]When I recovered from the shock，I looked at my camera.当我从震惊中回过神来，我查看了相机。
(1)The captain looked at me shock and couldn’t believe what had happened.
(2) his fans’ shock，the athlete didn’t win a gold medal in the Olympic Games.His failure was great shock to himself，too.
in
·be a great shock to sb对某人来说是极大的震惊
in shock震惊地；吃惊地
to one’s shock 令某人吃惊的是
·be shocked at/by sth对……吃惊
be shocked to do sth做某事很吃惊
To
a
(3)(读后续写之情绪描写)简很震惊地发现自己在森林里迷了路，她双手捂着脸，无法控制地哭了起来。
Jane was rather _________________________________________
and she buried her face in her hands，crying uncontrollably.
(4)(读后续写之震惊心理描写)我对他的失败感到震惊，我愣住了，一动不动地站着。
I and I froze，standing rooted to the spot.
写作佳句
shocked to find that she was lost in the forest
was shocked at/by his failure
vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n.险境；陷阱
[教材原句P50]Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。
[北师大版]Having once been a healthy and successful young man to being trapped in a broken body was like a living nightmare to him.他曾经是一个健康、成功的年轻人，现在却被困在一副受伤的身体里，这对他来说就像一个真实的噩梦。
3
trap
·be trapped in被困在……中；陷在……中
trap sb into (doing) sth诱使某人(做)某事
·set a trap for给……设圈套
fall into a trap落入圈套/陷阱
(1)I，rather than he，succeeded in trapping Bob into (tell) the truth.
(2)I would like to set a trap the wolf in order to catch it and could you please come along with me
(3)If you are not careful enough，you will probably fall into trap and you will be cheated out of lots of money.
telling
for
a
(4)(读后续写之情绪描写)徒步旅行时，我不仅被困在山里，还受伤了，我是如此无助，泪水模糊了我的眼睛。
When hiking，I but also got injured and I was so helpless that tears clouded my eyes.
写作佳句
was not only trapped in the mountain
vt.埋葬；安葬
[译林版]The time capsule，buried 50 feet below the ground in a park，was designed to be opened in the year 6939.这个时间舱埋在一个公园地下50英尺处，设计于6939年打开。
4
bury
bury one’s face/head in one’s hands双手捂脸/抱头
bury oneself in (doing) sth
be buried in (doing) sth
埋头/专心(做)某事
(1)The embarrassed host buried his head his hands and wondered how to hide his embarrassment.
(2)A graceful lady sat at a wooden table，buried in (read) English articles.
in
reading
(3)这对双胞胎专心做早饭，他们没有注意到爸爸溜进了厨房。
The twins ______________________________________________
and they didn’t notice their father slide into the kitchen.
写作佳句
buried themselves in/were buried in cooking breakfast
vi.& vt.呼吸 (breath n.呼吸 breathless adj.气喘吁吁的)
[教材原句P50]Slowly，the city began to breathe again.慢慢地，这座城市又开始恢复了生机。
[译林版]The practice of tai chi aims to maintain the balance of yin and yang in the body through opposite movements：forwards and backwards，up and down，left and right，breathing in and breathing out.练习太极拳旨在通过一些相对的动作——进退、上下、左右、吐纳——来保持体内的阴阳平衡。
5
breathe
(1)When you do yoga，breathe deeply from the nose and breathe
slowly from the mouth.
in
·breathe in/out 吸气/呼气
·take a deep breath深呼吸
out of breath上气不接下气
hold one’s breath屏住呼吸
lose one’s breath喘不过气来
take one’s breath away令人惊叹；让人叹绝
out
(2)(动作描写)After swimming for a few minutes，the slim girl was of breath and immediately swam back to the bank.
＝After swimming for a few minutes，the slim girl (lose) her breath and immediately swam back to the bank.
out
lost
(3)(读后续写之动作链描写)他脱下衣服，深呼吸，然后跳进了冷水中。
He took off his clothes， and then jumped into the cold water.
(4)(读后续写之情绪描写)感觉到有什么东西朝我走来，我屏住呼吸，心狂跳。
Sensing that something was coming towards me，I ____________
and my heart beat wildly.
(5)第一次从空中看到这座岛令我叹赏不已。
My first view of the island from the air .
写作佳句
took a deep breath
held my
breath
took my breath away
n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
[教材原句P50]With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people，a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.有了来自政府的大力支持以及唐山人民的不懈的努力，一座新的唐山在废墟中被建立起来。
[外研版]I really don’t think it’s worth the effort of spending so much time preparing for a single meal，and then another hour cleaning up the mess after it’s over.花这么长时间准备一顿饭，饭后再花一个小时收拾，我真心觉得不值。
6
effort
(1)Only joint efforts can we make it to the destination，so never lose heart.
(2)The boy made an effort (work) out the difficult math problems.
(3)I solved the challenging problem effort and I cracked a smile.
with
spare no effort to do sth不遗余力做某事
make efforts/an effort to do sth努力做某事
make every effort/all efforts to do sth尽全力做某事
in an effort to do sth为了做成某事；努力做某事
with joint efforts共同努力
without effort毫不费力
to work
without
(4)(应用文写作之申请信)如果我获准成为您的助教，我将不遗余力履行我的职责。
If I am accepted as your teaching assistant，I will ____________
perform my duties.
写作佳句
spare no
effort to/make every effort to/make all efforts to
(5)(2024·浙江1月，读后续写)为了记住这座大教学楼里的方向，伊娃用了她的意念技巧，她的努力终于得到了回报。
in this big teaching building，Eva used her mind trick and .
In an effort to memorize the directions
her efforts finally paid off
vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(suffering n.苦难；痛苦 sufferer n.患者；受害者)
7
suffer
[教材原句P51]Some were found alive，though they were suffering from terrible injuries，but others had already stopped breathing when they were discovered.有些人被发现时还活着，尽管他们受了重伤，但其他人在被发现时已经停止了呼吸。
[外研版]We all love roast beef and vegetables，but Mum says we’d better not eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies，according to traditional Chinese medicine.我们都喜欢烤的牛肉和蔬菜，但妈妈说最好不要吃太多烧烤食物，因为根据传统中医的说法，这会引起上火。
(1)The survivor never talked about his (suffer) in the flood.
suffering(s)
suffer pain/damage/loss/failure遭受痛苦/破坏/损失/失败
suffer from受……的折磨；因……而受苦
注意：suffer from的宾语一般是a bad back(背疼)，headache(头疼)，toothache(牙疼)，cold(感冒)等
(2)这个小镇因严重干旱而遭受了巨大的损失，我们努力帮助这个小镇。
The small town from the serious drought and we made an effort to help the town.
(3)(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)得知我的搭档得了重病，我焦虑得像热锅上的蚂蚁。
Learning that ，I was anxious like an ant on a hot pan.
写作佳句
suffered a great loss
my partner was suffering from a serious illness
[教材原句P50]It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！仿佛世界末日即将来临！
8
as if/though
as if/though在句中引导表语从句，也可引导方式状语从句，其用法如下：
(1)(应用文写作之建议信)看起来好像你真的对中国文化感兴趣，因此我建议你申请北京大学，中国最好的大学之一。
It seems ，so I recommend you to apply for Peking University，one of the best universities in China.
(2)(读后续写之环境描写) 开满樱花的乡村看起来犹如铺满了粉红的雪。
The country，covered with cherry blossoms，looks __________________
.
as if/though you are really interested in Chinese culture
as if/though it were
covered with pink snow
(3)(读后续写之悲伤心理描写) 他非常沮丧，似乎他已陷入悲伤的海洋中。
He was quite upset and it seemed __________________________________
an ocean of sadness.
(4)(读后续写之动作描写)他不安地抬头看着我，动了动嘴唇，好像要对我说些什么。
He looks up at me anxiously and opens his lips _______________________
.
as if/though he had been thrown into
as if/though he would say
something to me
9
分数/百分数＋of＋名词
[教材原句P50]Nearly one third of the whole nation felt it！全国几乎三分之一的地区均有震感！
[教材原句P50]About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings,90 percent of its homes，and all of its hospitals were gone.市内大约75%的工厂和大楼、90%的住房和所有的医院都倒塌了。
此两句含有分数one third和百分数75 percent,90 percent，其用法如下：
“分数/百分数＋of”之后的名词或代词 谓语动词
复数概念 复数
单数名词/不可数名词/表示单数的代词 单数
(1)80 percent of the family’s income (spend) buying medicine last year.
(2)About two thirds of the students in our class (be) interested in paper-cutting and the other students like drama.
was spent
are
(3)(图表类作文)根据上面的图表，65%的学生选择听英文歌曲，12%的学生更喜欢访问英语学习网站。
According to the above chart, to listen to English songs while _______________________________
.
写作佳句
65% of the students choose
12% prefer visiting/to visit English
learning websites
主语＋be＋adj.＋to do
[教材原句P50]Water，food，and electricity were hard to get.水、食物和电很难获得。
此句为“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”句式，其中的不定式是用主动形式表被动含义。若不定式为不及物动词，应在其后面加上适当的介词。此句式常用的形容词有：hard，difficult，easy，important，interesting，necessary，pleasant，comfortable。
10
(1)(应用文写作之感谢信)幸亏你及时慷慨的建议，这次主题班会对外国人来说很容易理解。
Thanks to your timely and generous advice，________________________
for foreigners.
(2)(应用文写作之求助信)这些问题难以解决，因此我写信向你求助。
，so I am writing to turn to you for help.
(3)It is interesting to take part in various after-class activities.
→ (用“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”句式改写)
the theme class meeting is
These problems are difficult/hard to solve
Various after-class activities are interesting to take part in.
返 回
easy to understand
基础达标检测
1.What shocked① us was that several of those who survived the accident have been taken to hospital in a state of shock②.
　
2.Our English teacher preferred using slides to show us the important language points in our English class.
3.A simple click can bring us a flood of music，films and PC games.
Ⅰ.品句猜词
①___________　 ②________　
__________
________
n.幻灯片
n.休克
vt.使震惊
n.大量
1.The captain fell into an icy river and was fortunately by some local villagers.
2.93 of the students in our class have mastered the grammar in this textbook.
3.Our English teacher now and then requests us to guess the meanings of unfamiliar words according to (语境).
4.He rather than I has lifted one thousand (砖块) and he is quite tired.
Ⅱ.单词拼写
rescued
percent
contexts
bricks
5.With our leaders’ and intelligence，our country was unified.
6.Millions of people were sad about the scientist’s and they couldn’t contain their tears.
wisdom
death
1.The guy trapped me cheating in the important examination.
2.This experience caused the athlete much mental and physical _________
(suffer).
3.There is no doubt that natural disasters cause damage people every year.
4.Even if the city (destroy) by the 7.8-magnitude earthquake，those survivors didn’t lose hope.
5.The organisation spared no effort (provide) the homeless with food or shelter.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
into
suffering
to
was destroyed
to provide
6. Compared to me，my partner is (bury) in learning and studies better than me.
7.I was shocked (find) that my son could hardly bear so much learning stress.
8.Even if the problem is difficult (solve)，I won’t give up and I strongly believe that I will make it sooner or later.
9.He made a serious error，but he acted as if he (do) nothing wrong.
10.After he worked out for two hours in the school stadium，he _________
(breath) hard and broke into a sweat.
buried
to find
to solve
had done
breathed
Many strange things happened before Tangshan earthquake happened. The well walls had deep cracks.Some 1. (smell) gas came out of wells. Chickens and even pigs were too nervous 2. (eat).At 3：42 a.m.3. 28 July 1976，everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world 4. (come) to an end.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In less than one minute，the whole city lay in 5. (ruin).Two thirds of the people died or were injured.Nearly everything in the city
6. (destroy).People were shocked at this and wondered how long the disaster would last.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
smelly
to eat
on
were coming
ruins
was destroyed
The army organized teams to dig out those 7. were trapped and to bury the dead.Workers built shelters for survivors.Fresh water and food were taken to the city.8. (slow)，the city began to breathe again.With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city’s people,9. new Tangshan was built.It has proved that in times of disaster，people must unify and show the 10. (wise) to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
who
Slowly
a
wisdom
返 回
作业2
1.She (拒绝) accept my advice on how to become slim.
2.Now the captain (寻找) a better way to train all the athletes.
3.Everyone stresses the importance of the meeting that ________________
(结束) yesterday.
4.Many things (把……吹走) by the terrible tornado that happened yesterday.
5.Many houses and hospitals (倒塌) in the earthquake and many soldiers came to rescue those survivors.
Ⅰ.短语填空
refused to
is looking for
came to an end
were blown away
fell down
1.我们都知道每年会发生许多自然灾害。(that引导宾语从句)
We all know .
2.面对灾难，人们感觉世界末日到了。(as if)
Facing disasters，people .
3.人们所看之处，除了废墟什么都没有，这让所有的人都感到震惊。(everywhere引导地点状语从句)
，there is nothing but ruins，which is a great shock to all the people.
Ⅱ.主题微写作——自然灾害
that many natural disasters happen every year
feel as if the world were coming to an end
Everywhere people look
4.幸运的是，政府不遗余力地帮助那些正在遭受灾难的人。(who引导定语从句)
Luckily，the government spares no effort to help those _________________
.
5.通过共同努力，新的家园不难重建。(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do)
With joint efforts， .
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
who are suffering
from disasters
the new home is not difficult/hard to rebuild
A
(2025·山东济宁高一上期中)
Many people love volcanoes，but few would love to face the extreme heat on their own.However，Katia and Maurice Krafft，a French couple，were different.Over the past few decades，they had followed volcanic eruptions，getting very close to dangerous hot lava(岩浆) and gases，and taking their discoveries with amazing photos.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Katia和Maurice夫妻二人生前致力于研究火山，近距离拍摄火山喷发的照片和影像，他们不惧危险，完全把生死置之度外。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
The couple met by chance at the University of Strasbourg in the 1960s，and soon they became close because of their shared love for volcanoes.After graduating，they focused on studying volcanoes even though they didn’t have any extra money to support their work.They traveled with limited money and a deep love for the beauty of volcanoes.
Their journey was filled with risk and excitement.To get valuable first-hand information，they put their lives in danger by facing the heat and falling rocks，getting closer to danger than anyone else.As a result，they took close photos of many volcanoes erupting，like the eruption of Nevado del Ruiz in Colombia.These wonderful photos caught the attention of local governments，who later supported the couple with money to visit hundreds，or even thousands，of volcanoes around the world.
In June 1991，along with 40 other people，the couple went to record the eruption of Mount Unzen in Japan.Sadly，Katia and Maurice lost their lives while researching volcanic activity to warn people in the area to evacuate.Later，it was found that their bodies were nearest to the center of volcano.
In 2022，their story was turned into a film called Fire of Love by Sara Dosa，a prize-winning director.One viewer commented，“I was amazed by the couple’s achievement.All of this was done before drones(无人机)，which are used today to study volcanoes，were created.”
1.What makes the French couple different from other volcano lovers
A.They were good at taking photos.
B.They were highly educated volcano experts.
C.They managed to stay safe from lava and gases.
D.They were not afraid of danger and ready to take risks.
√
细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，这对夫妻与其他人的不同之处在于他们没有因火山的高温、危险的岩浆和有毒的气体而退缩，而是无惧个人安危，迎难而上。故选D。
解析
2.What did the couple do during their volcano travels
A.They recorded their journey to make a film.
B.They asked for money from the government.
C.They tried to warn and save lives during volcanic activity.
D.They got closer to the eruption center than anyone else.
√
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Sadly，Katia and Maurice lost their lives while researching volcanic activity to warn people in the area to evacuate.”可知，两人研究火山喷发活动，以此警示当地人做好撤离准备，以免命丧火山。因此他们在火山之旅中试图警示并拯救生命。故选C。
解析
3.What can be guessed from the last paragraph
A.The viewer wanted to study volcanoes.
B.The couple created drones for research.
C.The couple lived in a time without drones.
D.The couple applied drones to study volcanoes.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I was amazed by the couple’s achievement.All of this was done before drones(无人机)，which are used today to study volcanoes，were created.”可推断，这对夫妇生活在没有无人机的时代。故选C。
解析
4.Which of the following words could best describe Katia and Maurice
A.Adventurous and selfless.
B.Patient and peace-loving.
C.Organized and careful.
D.Creative and hard-working.
√
推理判断题。根据第一段中“they had followed volcanic eruptions，getting very close to dangerous hot lava(岩浆) and gases”、第三段中“To get valuable first-hand information，they put their lives in danger by facing the heat and falling rocks，getting closer to danger than anyone else.”和第四段中“Sadly，Katia and Maurice lost their lives while researching volcanic activity to warn people in the area to evacuate.”可知，两人有冒险精神且很无私，故选A。
解析
B(此篇精读)
(2025·广东高一上期末)
The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake，in which tens of thousands of people died and hundreds of thousands injured，was the event that changed everything for China in this field.The 8.0-magnitude quake had presented the most difficult relief challenges to the country since 1949，leading to a complete review and improvement of the country’s emergency response(响应) capabilities.Since then，preventing and controlling disasters has become a top concern for the Chinese government.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国在灾害应对和恢复方面所做的努力和取得的成效。
For earthquakes，getting an early warning is extremely important. The Chengdu High-tech Disaster Reduction Center found that a three-second early warning can lower the number of the injured by 14%；a ten-second warning，by 39%；a 20-second warning，by 63%.So in the following years China has developed an automatic(自动的) early warning system which can send out warnings to millions of people in China within just two minutes after an earthquake.
In 2018，the Chinese government also created the Ministry of Emergency Management，together with civil services，the Red Cross，and the National Fire and Rescue Administration to ensure a round-the-clock emergency response.There are now 27 specialized teams for mountain，water，and air rescues，as well as earthquake relief，and seven teams for helping with international rescue efforts.
Whether it is earthquake，typhoon，flood or forest fire，China has an excellent record in post-disaster recovery，as it is able to organize resources from various(各种各样的) departments including power，water conservancy(水利) and supply，telecommunications and disease control.To reduce the effects of follow-up disasters，these departments would do their parts to repair damaged roads and railways，restore power，water supply，communication and other services to help people get back to normal life.
Disaster relief requires the whole society to work together.And China sets an example of how to prevent loss and save lives by putting the people first.
5.How does this text show the importance of early warning systems
A.By using quotes. B.By giving examples.
C.By listing numbers. D.By making contrast.
√
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The Chengdu High-tech Disaster Reduction Center found that a three-second early warning can lower the number of the injured by 14%；a ten-second warning，by 39%；a 20-second warning，by 63%.”可知，本文通过列举数字来展示预警系统的重要性。故选C。
解析
6.Why has the government set up the specialized teams
A.To carry out disaster relief internationally.
B.To help with the rescue and recovery work.
C.To train local people in disaster prevention.
D.To handle forest fires more effectively.
√
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 2018，the Chinese government also created...to ensure a round-the-clock emergency response.”可知，政府建立专业队伍是为了协助救援和恢复工作。故选B。
解析
7.What can we learn from paragraph 4
A.The effects of follow-up disasters have been reduced.
B.A lot of natural disasters have happened in the world.
C.Disaster relief needs efforts across various departments.
D.Different departments are responsible for building roads and railways.
√
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Whether it is earthquake，typhoon，flood or forest fire，China has an excellent record in post-disaster recovery，as it is able to organize resources from various(各种各样的) departments including power，water conservancy(水利) and supply，telecommunications and disease control.”可知，救灾工作需要多个部门的共同努力。故选C。
解析
8.What’s the main idea of this text
A.China has improved disaster response and recovery.
B.China has developed an early warning system for earthquakes.
C.China organized various departments for post-disaster recovery.
D.China has created specialized departments to respond to earthquakes.
√
主旨大意题。根据第一段以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了中国在灾害应对和恢复方面所做的努力和取得的成效。故选A。
解析
1.capability(派)＝capable＋ility n.能力；才能
2.develop 熟义：v.发展　生义(文义)：v.研发
3.ensure(派)＝en＋sure v.确保，保证
4.round-the-clock(合)＝round＋the＋clock adj.不分昼夜的
5.specialized(派)＝special＋ize＋d adj.专业的，专门的
词汇积累
The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake，in which tens of thousands of people died and hundreds of thousands injured，was the event that changed everything for China in this field.
分析：此句为复合句。in which的结构为“介词＋关系代词”，引导定语从句，修饰The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake；that引导定语从句，修饰the event。
翻译：2008年汶川地震造成数万人死亡、数十万人受伤，这一事件彻底改变了中国在这一(灾害应对)领域的一切。
句式分析
(2025·广东深圳高一上期中)
Peyton Thorby was only 8 years old，but this cheerleader proved to already be a star when she performed by herself.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了8岁的Peyton Thorby在其他队员缺席的情况下独自参加啦啦队比赛并获得第一名的故事。
Ⅳ.完形填空
The 1 kid was a member of the K-Tech Krakens，and they were ready to compete in the Showcase for Champions Cheerleading Competition in Tampa，Florida.Peyton had been 2 this day for so long.
1.A.frightened B.tired
C.bored D.talented
2.A.working out B.looking forward to
C.keeping away from D.getting on with
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1.frightened害怕的；tired累的；bored无聊的；talented有才能的。根据上文“this cheerleader proved to already be a star when she performed by herself”可知，Peyton很有天赋，故选D。
2.work out锻炼，解决；look forward to期待；keep away from远离；get on with进展，继续。根据上文“they were ready to compete”和空后“this day for so long”可知，她们准备好了参加比赛，Peyton期待这一天已经很久了，故选B。
解析
However，when she and her mom 3 as quickly as possible，they 4 such surprising news.Her coaches were there，but for some reason，she was the only member that showed up.
3.A.arrived B.returned
C.behaved D.debated
4.A.applied to B.looked for
C.learnt about D.turned up
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3.arrive到达；return返回；behave举止，表现；debate辩论。根据下文“she was the only member that showed up”可知，她是唯一一个出现的队员，故此处指当她和妈妈赶到时，故选A。
4.apply to适用于；look for寻找；learn about了解；turn up出现，调高(音量)。结合空后“such surprising news”可知，此处指她们得知了这样一个令人惊讶的消息，故选C。
解析
This left little Peyton with two 5 .She could quit or she could compete as a team of one.According to her mom，Peyton was a little 6 this news as any child was.
5.A.levels B.rules
C.models D.choices
6.A.disappointed at B.anxious for
C.excited about D.content with
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5.level水平；rule规则；model模型；choice选择。根据下文“She could quit or she could compete as a team of one.”可知，Peyton面临两种选择，故选D。
6.(be)disappointed at对……失望；(be)anxious for担心；(be)excited about对……感到兴奋；(be)content with对……感到满意。根据上文可知，其他队员没有出现，她要么退出，要么一个人参加比赛，她对此应是感到失望，故选A。
解析
Once she 7 herself，though，she made the brave decision to perform 8 without a solo routine(一套动作) planned.
7.A.expressed B.collected
C.selected D.respected
8.A.above B.about
C.away D.alone
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7.express表达；collect使镇定；select选择；respect尊重。根据下文“she made the brave decision”可知，她镇静下来，作出了一个勇敢的决定，collect oneself “镇定下来，敛神专注”，故选B。
8.above在(或向)……上面；about关于；away离开；alone独自。根据上文“she could compete as a team of one”可知，她独自参赛，故选D。
解析
“I was 9 a lot，and I felt 10 in my stomach，” Peyton said. Although she felt nervous，Peyton 11 to put together a wonderful solo routine.
9.A.shaking B.exercising
C.chatting D.wondering
10.A.unfair B.uncomfortable
C.unlucky D.unnecessary
11.A.agreed B.refused
C.managed D.afforded
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9.shake颤抖；exercise锻炼；chat聊天；wonder想知道。根据语境及下文“she felt nervous”可知，独自参赛，她感到紧张，故她颤抖得很厉害，故选A。
10.unfair不公平的；uncomfortable不舒服的；unlucky不幸的；unnecessary不必要的。结合下文“she felt nervous”可知，她很紧张，故此处指胃里不舒服，故选B。
11.agree同意；refuse拒绝；manage设法完成；afford支付得起。根据上文“Although she felt nervous”表达的让步关系和下文“this cheerleader even earned herself first place”可知，虽然感到紧张，但她还是设法完成了一段精彩的独舞，故选C。
解析
12 ，this cheerleader even earned herself first place.Needless to say，she was very happy with her decision to take a 13 .
12.A.Actually B.Obviously
C.Safely D.Hurriedly
13.A.break B.look
C.chance D.breath
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12.actually事实上；obviously明显地；safely安全地；hurriedly匆忙地。根据上文“a wonderful solo routine”以及空后“this cheerleader even earned herself first place”可知，她完成了一段精彩的独舞，事实上，她甚至赢得了第一名，故选A。
13.break休息；look看；chance机会；breath呼吸。结合上文“she made the brave decision to perform”可知，她决定独自参赛表演，故此处指她很高兴自己决定冒险一试，take a chance“冒险”，符合语境，故选C。
解析
“We were all proud of her，telling her how well she did，” her mom said，“because we took pride in not only the fact that she determined to do it by herself，but also the fact that they awarded her the first place trophy(奖杯).That was all a(n) 14 .We had no idea.” Since getting this unbelievable 15 ，Peyton has entered the spotlight.
14.A.measure B.order
C.promise D.surprise
15.A.example B.achievement
C.power D.opinion
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14.measure措施；order命令；promise承诺；surprise惊喜。结合下文“We had no idea.”可知，她们没有想到Peyton会获得第一名，因此这个奖对她们来说是个惊喜，故选D。
15.example例子；achievement成就；power力量，权力；opinion观点。结合上文“they awarded her the first place trophy(奖杯)”可知，Peyton获得了令人难以置信的成就，故选B。
解析
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