资源简介

Period 3　Discovering Useful Structures
阅读以下短文，感知黑体部分，并把序号写在右边相应的短语类型后面
Because everything had been ready，Bernard started out on ①his new business.Although it was ②a hard time and things were difficult for everybody，Bernard’s business worked out ③quite well.He carried the popcorn on ④his small bike and went from door to door to sell it.People were surprised to see ⑤such a little，poorly-dressed boy selling popcorn at their doors，but at last almost all of them would buy a bag or two.Bernard was ⑥quite happy.Love makes the world go round and Bernard felt it deep in ⑦his little heart.
1.名词短语：①②④⑤⑦
2．形容词短语：⑥
3．副词短语：③
短　语
短语或词组(Phrases)是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。在高中阶段，常见的短语形式有名词短语(Noun Phrase)、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)、副词短语(Adverb Phrase)、介词短语(Prepositional Phrase)及动词短语(Verb Phrase)等。本单元只讲解前面三种短语形式。
一、名词短语(Noun Phrase)
1．概念：指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。
2．组成
限定词＋名词 the girl，two cars
限定词＋形容词(短语)＋名词 the beautiful girl，that handsome boy
限定词＋名词＋介词短语 the campus of my school
限定词＋描述性名词＋名词 my school life，some apple trees
[温馨提示]　限定词包括以下几类：
3．功能
句法功能 例句
主语 The interesting title of the article attracted a lot of readers.这篇文章有趣的标题吸引了很多读者。
表语 How to fight against such a disease is a hot topic today.怎样与那种疾病作斗争是今天的一个热点话题。
宾语 She bought her mother some flowers.她给她母亲买了一些花。
宾补 People considered him the better man for the work.人们认为他比较适合做这项工作。
[温馨提示]　名词短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要与名词短语中的中心词保持一致。
A number of books are on the desk.
许多书在桌子上。
The number of books is not large.
书的数量并不多。
二、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)
1．概念：指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。
2．组成
副词＋形容词 very suitable
形容词＋enough good enough
形容词＋介词短语 good for nothing
副词＋形容词＋介词短语 well worthy of praise
3.功能
句法功能 例句
定语(修饰名词或代词等) This is a most serious problem.这是一个极其严重的问题。
表语 He is interested in watching TV.他对看电视感兴趣。
宾补 I consider your solution quite wonderful.我认为你的解决办法很棒。
状语 Much interested，he agreed to have a try.非常感兴趣，他同意试一下。
三、副词短语(Adverb Phrase)
1．概念：指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词。
2．组成
副词＋and/but/or＋副词 faster and faster
副词＋副词 pretty well
a lot/a little＋副词(比较级) a little better
副词＋enough fast enough
3.功能
句法功能 例句
修饰动词 He studies English most slowly of the three.三个人中，他学英语学得最慢。
修饰形容词 The coat is rather too small for her.这件外套对她来说太小了。
修饰副词 He drives far too fast and we are worried about him.他开得太快了，我们很担心他。
[温馨提示]　副词enough在修饰形容词或副词构成形容词短语或副词短语时，一般放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。
Ⅰ.写出句子中加黑部分所属短语类型和所作成分
1．The tallest boy in our class is Li Lei.
2．She studies English very hard.
3．Tom carefully wrote some letters to his friends.
4．I’d like to go to the coffee shop this weekend.
5．The exam was surprisingly easy.
6．He looked very worried.
7．Corn is a useful plant that can be eaten by both humans and animals.
8．John，an old friend of mine，comes from America.
短语类型 充当成分 短语类型 充当成分
1 名词短语 主语 5 形容词短语 表语
2 副词短语 状语 6 形容词短语 表语
3 名词短语 宾语 7 名词短语 表语
4 名词短语 宾语 8 名词短语 同位语
Ⅱ.完成下列语段，尽可能使用名词短语、形容词短语或者副词短语
上周日我去看电影。我的座位很好，电影很有意思，但我完全无法欣赏。一青年男子与一青年女子坐在我的身后，很大声地说着话。我非常生气，我听不清台词。我转过身，非常愤怒地看着这一男一女。他们不理会我。最终，我再也受不了了。我又一次转过身。“我一个字也听不见，”我说道。 “不关你的事，”年轻男子非常粗鲁地说，“这是私人谈话。”
1．Last Sunday I went to 2.the cinema.I had 3.a very good seat.The film was 4.very interesting，but I did not enjoy it at all.5.A young man and 6.a young woman were sitting behind me.They were talking 7.quite loudly.I got 8.very annoyed.I could not hear the lines.I turned around and looked at 9.the man and the woman very angrily.They paid no attention to me.At last，I could not stand it 10.any longer.I turned around 11.once again.“I can’t hear 12.a word，” I said.“It’s none of 13.your business，” the young man said 14.very rudely.“This is 15.a private conversation.”
作业3
[分值：81.5分]
Ⅰ.写出下列句子中加黑部分所属的短语类型(共10小题；每题1分，满分10分)
1．The girl is my friend.名词短语
2．He is a worker interested in advanced literature.形容词短语
3．There are some red roses on that small table.名词短语
4．They spent seven days in the wind and snow，cold and hungry.形容词短语
5．Everyone may feel time go by very quickly when they do something interesting.副词短语
6．To live an enjoyable and meaningful life，let’s read more good books！名词短语
7．As long as there is kindness，the world will become more beautiful.形容词短语
8．I’m more than happy to know that you are learning Chinese.形容词短语
9．A student who studies hard will become an excellent student.名词短语
10．Only in this way can we live more happily.副词短语
Ⅱ.完成句子(共8小题；每题3分，满分24分)
1．这个毕业生将成为一名优秀的教师。
The graduate will become a good teacher.
2．不要难过，一切都会好的。
Don’t feel upset.Everything will be all right.
3．出席会议的人被带到城里各处参观。
The people present at the meeting were shown around the city.
4．珍妮对待事情总是太严肃。
Jenny always takes things too seriously.
5．我们很幸运地找到了一个解决这个问题的办法。
We were lucky enough to find a solution to the question.
6．在他十几岁的时候，一场车祸差点要了他的命。
When he was a teenager，a car accident nearly took his life.
7．开始下雨时，玛丽感到非常焦虑和害怕。
Mary felt really anxious and frightened when it was beginning to rain.
8．她是一个聪明的女孩，能很快地学习新技能。
She is a clever girl and can learn new skills very fast.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Australian teenagers are missing important，basic kitchen skills and it’s having a negative(消极的) influence on their health.It’s also leading our next generation towards increased rates of obesity(肥胖)，according to the findings of a new survey.
A national survey of 1,006 parents found that close to half of all 12 to 18 years old teenagers can’t boil an egg；1 in 5 only have kitchen skills that allow them to pour milk on cereal；42% can’t boil noodles；83.9% don’t know how to roast a chicken；60.1 percent can’t bake a potato.
Research company Pureprofile asked parents to judge(评判) how well their kids could perform in the kitchen across some tasks.More than half (67.3%) of parents believe their children could do better when it comes to healthy food and lifestyle knowledge.Close to half of parents (42.5%) believe poor food choices are caused by lack of education at middle school，with 9 in 10 parents in support of schools doing more to encourage a healthy lifestyle.
Miriam Raleigh，an expert on the relationship between food and health，said she was already seeing a generation of young parents who had “no idea how to cook”．“They depend on convenience(方便) meals and easy snacks，and those foods often have a higher fat and salt content which can lead to obesity and a lot of health problems，” Ms Raleigh said.
The school’s Kitchen Garden program founder，Stephanie Alexander，said that if more was not done to improve the situation we would be heading towards a generation of fatter and more unhealthy kids.Ms Alexander also said she would introduce her Kitchen Garden program into middle schools so teenagers can learn the art of cooking food.“I’m so proud of what we have achieved in the primary school and I really believe we can have the same success in middle schools，” she said.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了澳大利亚青少年缺乏基本的厨房技能，这对他们的健康产生了负面影响，并提出了改进措施。
1．What did the national survey find about Australian teenagers
A．They eat unhealthy food.
B．They like convenience meals.
C．They are interested in cooking.
D．They are poor at cooking.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，关于澳大利亚青少年的全国性调查发现，澳大利亚青少年不擅长烹饪。故选D。
2．What did Miriam Raleigh try to express
A．Her worry about the unhealthy lifestyle.
B．Her concern in young parents’ education.
C．The way to reduce obesity in young people.
D．The need to improve everyone’s cooking skills.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段“Miriam Raleigh...said she was already seeing a generation of young parents who had ‘no idea how to cook’．‘They depend on convenience(方便) meals and easy snacks，and those foods often have a higher fat and salt content which can lead to obesity and a lot of health problems，’ Ms Raleigh said.”可知，Miriam Raleigh想要表达她对不健康的生活方式的担忧。故选A。
3．What is Alexander’s attitude toward the Kitchen Garden program
A．Disappointed. B．Hopeful.
C．Unconcerned. D．Worried.
答案　B
解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段中“Ms Alexander also said she would introduce her Kitchen Garden program into middle schools...‘I’m so proud of what we have achieved in the primary school and I really believe we can have the same success in middle schools，’ she said.”可知，她对Kitchen Garden项目充满希望。故选B。
4．What is the purpose of this passage
A．To teach teenagers cooking.
B．To improve school education.
C．To care about teenagers’ health.
D．To promote a cooking program.
答案　C
解析　写作意图题。根据全文内容及第一段中“Australian teenagers are missing important，basic kitchen skills and it’s having a negative(消极的) influence on their health.”和最后一段中“The school’s Kitchen Garden program founder，Stephanie Alexander，said that if more was not done to improve the situation we would be heading towards a generation of fatter and more unhealthy kids.”可知，文章讲了澳大利亚青少年缺乏基本厨房技能的问题，以及这对他们健康的影响。文章还提到了专家和教育者的担忧和建议，目的是引起人们对青少年健康问题的关注。故选C。
B(此篇精读)
(2025·山东济宁高一上期中)
Math is everywhere in our life，from working out the bill after dinner to your personal costs.While some people enjoy solving math problems，many others are afraid of the moment when they have to deal with numbers and feel really anxious.It might seem discouraging(使人沮丧的)，but this “math anxiety” is quite common，and you’re far from being the only one who feels this way.Besides，our worries and fears don’t always show how able we are.
The reason for this problem often begins to appear in our childhood at school.Studies have shown that math teachers who feel nervous about teaching the subject can pass their anxiety to their students，and girls might be more affected by this anxiety.According to the Program for International Student Assessment，around 31% of 15 and 16-year-olds in 34 countries said that they felt very nervous when solving math problems,33% said they got nervous doing math homework，and nearly 60% worried that math classes would be difficult.Shulamit Kahn，from Boston University’s Questrom School of Business，told the BBC that providing students，especially girls，with good role models “is important，especially at a young age. ”She believes the key is to have people，especially women who love teaching math，educate younger kids.
David Robson，writing for BBC Future，mentioned，“It’s unclear why math causes so much fear compared to other subjects like geography.But knowing there’s a right or wrong answer might make you more anxious about not doing well.”
And if we believe that we’re not “math people”，we may question about ourselves and avoid solving problems that we could deal with.
Researchers have been trying to work out why mental math can make us nervous.This fear might come from all kinds of sources，but some suggest that openly expressing your fears can weaken their control on you and encourage children to see math tests as challenges rather than threats(威胁)．We need to have a positive view(有积极的看法) on math and give it another try.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。许多人有“数学焦虑症”，文章主要分析了其原因以及给出了一些建议。
5．What’s the main idea of paragraph 2
A．Girls are better at math than boys.
B．Math classes are difficult for everyone.
C．Students’ anxiety only comes from teachers.
D．Math anxiety in childhood affect students’ confidence.
答案　D
解析　段落大意题。根据第二段“The reason for this problem often begins to appear in our childhood at school.Studies have shown that math teachers who feel nervous about teaching the subject can pass their anxiety to their students...providing students，especially girls，with good role models ‘is important，especially at a young age.’ She believes the key is to have people，especially women who love teaching math，educate younger kids.”可知，本段的主旨是童年数学焦虑影响学生的自信心。故选D。
6．What might happen if someone believes they’re not a “math person”？
A．They will study math harder.
B．They will doubt their abilities.
C．They will face challenges bravely.
D．They won’t see math as a threat.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“And if we believe that we’re not ‘math people’，we may question about ourselves and avoid solving problems that we could deal with.”可知，如果有人认为自己不是“擅长数学的人”，他们会怀疑自己的能力。故选B。
7．According to the last paragraph，what are children advised to do
A．Find the reasons of math fear positively.
B．Give up challenges to avoid anxiety actively.
C．Speak out their fears for improvement bravely.
D．Examine the reasons for math failure carefully.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“...some suggest that openly expressing your fears can weaken their control on you and encourage children to see math tests as challenges rather than threats(威胁)．”可知，建议孩子们勇敢地说出他们对数学的畏惧以助改进。故选C。
8．What might be the best title for the passage
A．Math Anxiety：How to Fix It
B．Math Application：How to Use Math
C．Math Learning：The Key to Success in All Fields
D．Math Competition：Race Between Boys and Girls
答案　A
解析　标题归纳题。综合全文内容可知，文章主要说明了许多人有“数学焦虑症”，并分析了其原因以及给出了一些建议。由此可知，A选项“数学焦虑：如何解决？”是文章的最佳标题。故选A。
[词汇积累] 1．far from远非 2．affect v．影响(本文为此义)；(疾病)侵袭，感染；(在感情上)深深打动 3．compared to 与……相比 4．openly(派)＝open＋ly adv.公开地；毫不隐瞒地；公然 5．weaken(派)＝weak＋en v．(使)变弱 [句式分析] Studies have shown that math teachers who feel nervous about teaching the subject can pass their anxiety to their students，and girls might be more affected by this anxiety. 分析：此句为复合句。that引导宾语从句，从句中主干为“math teachers can pass their anxiety to their students，and girls might be more affected by this anxiety”，在该从句中who引导定语从句，修饰math teachers。 翻译：研究表明，在教学过程中感到紧张的数学老师会把他们的焦虑传递给学生，而且女孩可能更容易受到这种焦虑的影响。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·安徽高一上期中)
School can be stressful unless you know how to manage your stress.
Learn to deal with your tasks.
1 But the biggest one is the tasks and learning materials students need to deal with continually.This is why one of the simplest ways to reduce stress for students is to deal with some of the work.The best choice for students is the job writing service Edubirdie where students can find expert writers who will take over some of their tasks.
Make changes in your food.
Stress management for students starts with what they eat.This might come as a surprise. 2 What you need to manage stress and keep yourself focused on your school tasks is a proper diet.We are talking about food rich in vegetables，fruits，meat and whole grains.
Find a way to exercise properly.
When asked why they aren’t exercising often，most students say that they don’t have the time or energy for it. 3 And the best part is，you don’t need to exercise for hours every day.You can try easier activities.For example，after a long day of study，taking a walk at night can make up your energy.Take the stairs instead of the lift every day. 4
Don’t cut down on your sleep.
When you are too worried，you cannot act at your best.The tasks have taken you more time than they should，and you simply have no time left to study or write.When this happens，most students will reduce their sleep to focus on their duties. 5 If you keep reducing sleep，this will make you more worried.
A．This is a great mistake.
B．Walk to school or other places.
C．Try to avoid fatty food and sugar.
D．School is stressful for a number of reasons.
E．But your food is one of the keys to your energy levels.
F．But exercise is what will actually raise your energy levels.
G．In this way，you can have enough time to party with friends.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了如何管理学校造成的压力。
1．答案　D
解析　根据下文“But the biggest one is the tasks and learning materials students need to deal with continually.”可知，下文指出了造成学校压力的最重要的原因，D选项“学校造成的压力有很多原因”引出下文，故选D。
2．答案　E
解析　根据上文“Stress management for students starts with what they eat.This might come as a surprise.”可推知，下文应说明管理饮食的原因，所以E选项“但是你吃的食物是你能量水平的关键之一”符合题意，并且和上文构成转折关系，故选E。
3．答案　F
解析　根据上文“When asked why they aren’t exercising often，most students say that they don’t have the time or energy for it.”和下文“And the best part is，you don’t need to exercise for hours every day.You can try easier activities.” 可知，F选项“但是运动才是真正能提高你能量水平的事情”说明了锻炼的好处，承接上文学生们说的没时间锻炼的情况，又引出下文可采取的简单锻炼方式等内容。故选F。
4．答案　B
解析　根据上文“For example，after a long day of study，taking a walk at night can make up your energy.Take the stairs instead of the lift every day.”可知，这里是举例说明一些简单的锻炼方式，所以B选项“步行去学校或其他地方”承接上文，紧扣题意，故选B。
5．答案　A
解析　根据上文“The tasks have taken you more time than they should，and you simply have no time left to study or write.When this happens，most students will reduce their sleep to focus on their duties.”可知，学生会为了专注于任务而减少睡眠，根据下文“If you keep reducing sleep，this will make you more worried.”可知，一直减少睡眠会让你更焦虑，A 选项 “这是一个大错误”对前文减少睡眠这件事进行评价，且与下文说的不良后果相呼应。故选A。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·河北保定高一上期中)
Pre-made dishes，also known as precooked food，have been gaining increasing 1. (popular) in recent years.These are meals that are partially or fully prepared in a factory or commercial kitchen before being sold to consumers.
One of the main 2. (advantage) of pre-made dishes is convenience(方便)．People with busy lifestyles prefer to buy them instead of cooking from scratch.Pre-made dishes can 3. (place) in the refrigerator and heated up quickly when needed.
The variety of pre-made dishes is also increasing.There are different dishes 4. can satisfy different tastes.For example，you can find Italian-style pasta dishes，Chinese stir-fries and American-style burgers.
5. ，there are also some concerns.Some pre-made dishes are high 6. salt and fat.The long-term consumption may lead to health problems.In addition，some pre-made dishes contain additives(添加剂)．Although these additives are used 7. (keep) the food fresh，they may cause concerns among consumers.Some pre-made dishes lack the freshness of home-cooked meals.When 8. (cook) at home，we can choose fresh ingredients.But for pre-made dishes，we don’t know 9. (exact) how long the ingredients have been stored.
In conclusion，pre-made dishes are convenient but have some problems that we should consider.We should make 10. wise choice according to our own needs.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了预制菜的优缺点。
1．答案　popularity
解析　考查名词。根据空格前的动词gaining可知，空格处应该用名词popularity作宾语。故填popularity。
2．答案　advantages
解析　考查名词复数。根据空格前的one of the可知，空格处应该用名词复数形式advantages。故填advantages。
3．答案　be placed
解析　考查被动语态。动词place与句子的主语pre-made dishes之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，空格前有can，be动词用原形。故填be placed。
4．答案　that/which
解析　考查定语从句。空格处引导限制性定语从句，对先行词dishes进行限定说明，从句中缺少主语，先行词指物，所以应该用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
5．答案　However/Nevertheless
解析　考查副词。上文的内容是说预制菜的优点，而空格后的内容是说人们担忧和预制菜的缺点，所以上下文是转折关系，空格处应该用表示转折的副词however或nevertheless，句首单词的首字母应大写。故填However/Nevertheless。
6．答案　in
解析　考查介词。be high in“富含……”是固定搭配。故填in。
7．答案　to keep
解析　考查非谓语动词。be used to do“被用于做……”是固定搭配。故填to keep。
8．答案　cooking
解析　考查非谓语动词。根据空格前的when可知，此处是状语从句的省略，when引导的完整从句是when we are cooking at home，符合状语从句省略的条件，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。故填cooking。
9．答案　exactly
解析　考查副词。修饰空格前的动词know，应该用副词exactly作状语。故填exactly。
10．答案　a
解析　考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处表示“一个明智的选择”，空格处应该用不定冠词，wise的发音是辅音音素开头，应该用a。故填a。(共66张PPT)
Period 3
Discovering Useful Structures
Teenage life
Unit 1
内容索引
情境导读
语法精讲
达标检测
作业3
情境导读
阅读以下短文，感知加颜色部分，并把序号写在右边相应的短语类型后面
Because everything had been ready，Bernard started out on ①his new business.Although it was ②a hard time and things were difficult for everybody，Bernard’s business worked out ③quite well.He carried the popcorn on ④his small bike and went from door to door to sell it.People were surprised to see ⑤such a little，poorly-dressed boy selling popcorn at their doors，but at last almost all of them would buy a bag or two.Bernard was ⑥quite happy.Love makes the world go round and Bernard felt it deep in ⑦his little heart.
1.名词短语： 2.形容词短语：____
3.副词短语：____
①②④⑤⑦
⑥
③
返 回
语法精讲
短　语
短语或词组(Phrases)是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。在高中阶段，常见的短语形式有名词短语(Noun Phrase)、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)、副词短语(Adverb Phrase)、介词短语(Prepositional Phrase)及动词短语(Verb Phrase)等。本单元只讲解前面三种短语形式。
一、名词短语(Noun Phrase)
1.概念：指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。
2.组成
限定词＋名词 the girl，two cars
限定词＋形容词(短语)＋名词 the beautiful girl，that handsome boy
限定词＋名词＋介词短语 the campus of my school
限定词＋描述性名词＋名词 my school life，some apple trees
[温馨提示]　限定词包括以下几类：
3.功能
句法功能 例句
主语 The interesting title of the article attracted a lot of readers.这篇文章有趣的标题吸引了很多读者。
表语 How to fight against such a disease is a hot topic today.怎样与那种疾病作斗争是今天的一个热点话题。
宾语 She bought her mother some flowers.她给她母亲买了一些花。
宾补 People considered him the better man for the work.人们认为他比较适合做这项工作。
[温馨提示]　名词短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要与名词短语中的中心词保持一致。
A number of books are on the desk.
许多书在桌子上。
The number of books is not large.
书的数量并不多。
二、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)
1.概念：指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。
2.组成
副词＋形容词 very suitable
形容词＋enough good enough
形容词＋介词短语 good for nothing
副词＋形容词＋介词短语 well worthy of praise
3.功能
句法功能 例句
定语(修饰名词或代词等) This is a most serious problem.这是一个极其严重的问题。
表语 He is interested in watching TV.他对看电视感兴趣。
宾补 I consider your solution quite wonderful.我认为你的解决办法很棒。
状语 Much interested，he agreed to have a try.非常感兴
趣，他同意试一下。
三、副词短语(Adverb Phrase)
1.概念：指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词。
2.组成
副词＋and/but/or＋副词 faster and faster
副词＋副词 pretty well
a lot/a little＋副词(比较级) a little better
副词＋enough fast enough
3.功能
句法功能 例句
修饰动词 He studies English most slowly of the three.三个人中，他学英语学得最慢。
修饰形容词 The coat is rather too small for her.这件外套对她来说太小了。
修饰副词 He drives far too fast and we are worried about him.他开得太快了，我们很担心他。
[温馨提示]　副词enough在修饰形容词或副词构成形容词短语或副词短语时，一般放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。
返 回
达标检测
1.The tallest boy in our class is Li Lei.
2.She studies English very hard.
3.Tom carefully wrote some letters to his friends.
4.I’d like to go to the coffee shop this weekend.
Ⅰ.写出下列句子中加颜色部分所作的成分
短语类型 充当成分 短语类型 充当成分
1 _________ ______ 2 _________ ______
3 _________ ______ 4 _________ ______
名词短语
主语
副词短语
状语
名词短语
宾语
名词短语
宾语
5.The exam was surprisingly easy.
6.He looked very worried.
7.Corn is a useful plant that can be eaten by both humans and animals.
8.John，an old friend of mine，comes from America.
短语类型 充当成分 短语类型 充当成分
5 ___________ ______ 6 ___________ ______
7 _________ ______ 8 _________ _______
形容词短语
表语
形容词短语
表语
名词短语
同位语
名词短语
表语
上周日我去看电影。我的座位很好，电影很有意思，但我完全无法欣赏。一青年男子与一青年女子坐在我的身后，很大声地说着话。我非常生气，我听不清台词。
1. I went to 2. .I had 3. .The film was 4. ，but I did not enjoy it at all.5._____________
and 6. were sitting behind me.They were talking 7.______
.I got 8. .I could not hear the lines.
Ⅱ.完成下列语段，尽可能使用名词短语、形容词短语或者副词短语
Last Sunday
the cinema
a very good seat
very interesting
A young man
a young woman
quite
loudly
very annoyed
我转过身，非常愤怒地看着这一男一女。他们不理会我。最终，我再也受不了了。我又一次转过身。“我一个字也听不见，”我说道。 “不关你的事，”年轻男子非常粗鲁地说，“这是私人谈话。”
I turned around and looked at 9. .
They paid no attention to me.At last，I could not stand it 10. .
I turned around 11. .“I can’t hear 12. ，” I said.“It’s none of 13. ，” the young man said 14. .“This is 15. .”
返 回
the man and the woman very angrily
any longer
once again
a word
your business
very rudely
a private conversation
作业3
1.The girl is my friend.
2.He is a worker interested in advanced literature.
3.There are some red roses on that small table.
4.They spent seven days in the wind and snow，cold and hungry.
5.Everyone may feel time go by very quickly when they do something interesting.
6.To live an enjoyable and meaningful life，let’s read more good books！
Ⅰ.写出下列句子中加颜色部分所属的短语类型
_________
___________
_________
___________
_________
__________
名词短语
形容词短语
名词短语
形容词短语
副词短语
名词短语
7.As long as there is kindness，the world will become more beautiful.
8.I’m more than happy to know that you are learning Chinese.
9.A student who studies hard will become an excellent student.
10.Only in this way can we live more happily.
___________
___________
_________
__________
形容词短语
形容词短语
名词短语
副词短语
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.这个毕业生将成为一名优秀的教师。
The graduate will become .
2.不要难过，一切都会好的。
Don’t feel upset.Everything will be .
3.出席会议的人被带到城里各处参观。
The people were shown around the city.
4.珍妮对待事情总是太严肃。
Jenny always takes things .
a good teacher
all right
present at the meeting
too seriously
5.我们很幸运地找到了一个解决这个问题的办法。
We were to find a solution to the question.
6.在他十几岁的时候，一场车祸差点要了他的命。
When he was a teenager， nearly took his life.
7.开始下雨时，玛丽感到非常焦虑和害怕。
Mary felt when it was beginning to rain.
8.她是一个聪明的女孩，能很快地学习新技能。
She is and can learn new skills .
lucky enough
a car accident
really anxious and frightened
a clever girl
very fast
A
Australian teenagers are missing important，basic kitchen skills and it’s having a negative(消极的) influence on their health.It’s also leading our next generation towards increased rates of obesity(肥胖)，according to the findings of a new survey.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了澳大利亚青少年缺乏基本的厨房技能，这对他们的健康产生了负面影响，并提出了改进措施。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
A national survey of 1,006 parents found that close to half of all 12 to 18 years old teenagers can’t boil an egg；1 in 5 only have kitchen skills that allow them to pour milk on cereal；42% can’t boil noodles；83.9% don’t know how to roast a chicken；60.1 percent can’t bake a potato.
Research company Pureprofile asked parents to judge(评判) how well their kids could perform in the kitchen across some tasks.More than half (67.3%) of parents believe their children could do better when it comes to healthy food and lifestyle knowledge.Close to half of parents (42.5%) believe poor food choices are caused by lack of education at middle school，with 9 in 10 parents in support of schools doing more to encourage a healthy lifestyle.
Miriam Raleigh，an expert on the relationship between food and health，said she was already seeing a generation of young parents who had “no idea how to cook”.“They depend on convenience(方便) meals and easy snacks，and those foods often have a higher fat and salt content which can lead to obesity and a lot of health problems，” Ms Raleigh said.
The school’s Kitchen Garden program founder，Stephanie Alexander，said that if more was not done to improve the situation we would be heading towards a generation of fatter and more unhealthy kids. Ms Alexander also said she would introduce her Kitchen Garden program into middle schools so teenagers can learn the art of cooking food.“I’m so proud of what we have achieved in the primary school and I really believe we can have the same success in middle schools，” she said.
1.What did the national survey find about Australian teenagers
A.They eat unhealthy food.
B.They like convenience meals.
C.They are interested in cooking.
D.They are poor at cooking.
√
推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知，关于澳大利亚青少年的全国性调查发现，澳大利亚青少年不擅长烹饪。故选D。
解析
2.What did Miriam Raleigh try to express
A.Her worry about the unhealthy lifestyle.
B.Her concern in young parents’ education.
C.The way to reduce obesity in young people.
D.The need to improve everyone’s cooking skills.
√
推理判断题。根据第四段“Miriam Raleigh...said she was already seeing a generation of young parents who had ‘no idea how to cook’.‘They depend on convenience(方便) meals and easy snacks，and those foods often have a higher fat and salt content which can lead to obesity and a lot of health problems，’ Ms Raleigh said.”可知，Miriam Raleigh想要表达她对不健康的生活方式的担忧。故选A。
解析
3.What is Alexander’s attitude toward the Kitchen Garden program
A.Disappointed. B.Hopeful.
C.Unconcerned. D.Worried.
√
观点态度题。根据最后一段中“Ms Alexander also said she would introduce her Kitchen Garden program into middle schools...‘I’m so proud of what we have achieved in the primary school and I really believe we can have the same success in middle schools，’ she said.”可知，她对Kitchen Garden项目充满希望。故选B。
解析
4.What is the purpose of this passage
A.To teach teenagers cooking.
B.To improve school education.
C.To care about teenagers’ health.
D.To promote a cooking program.
√
写作意图题。根据全文内容及第一段中“Australian teenagers are missing important，basic kitchen skills and it’s having a negative(消极的) influence on their health.”和最后一段中“The school’s Kitchen Garden program founder，Stephanie Alexander，said that if more was not done to improve the situation we would be heading towards a generation of fatter and more unhealthy kids.”可知，文章讲了澳大利亚青少年缺乏基本厨房技能的问题，以及这对他们健康的影响。文章还提到了专家和教育者的担忧和建议，目的是引起人们对青少年健康问题的关注。故选C。
解析
B(此篇精读)
(2025·山东济宁高一上期中)
Math is everywhere in our life，from working out the bill after dinner to your personal costs.While some people enjoy solving math problems，many others are afraid of the moment when they have to deal with numbers and feel really anxious.It might seem discouraging(使人沮丧的)，but this “math anxiety” is quite common，and you’re far from being the only one who feels this way.Besides，our worries and fears don’t always show how able we are.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。许多人有“数学焦虑症”，文章主要分析了其原因以及给出了一些建议。
The reason for this problem often begins to appear in our childhood at school.Studies have shown that math teachers who feel nervous about teaching the subject can pass their anxiety to their students，and girls might be more affected by this anxiety.According to the Program for International Student Assessment，around 31% of 15 and 16-year-olds in 34 countries said that they felt very nervous when solving math problems,33% said they got nervous doing math homework，and nearly 60% worried that math classes would be difficult.Shulamit Kahn，from Boston University’s Questrom School of Business，told the BBC that providing students，especially girls，with good role models “is important，especially at a young age. ” She believes the key is to have people，especially women who love teaching math，educate younger kids.
David Robson，writing for BBC Future，mentioned，“It’s unclear why math causes so much fear compared to other subjects like geography. But knowing there’s a right or wrong answer might make you more anxious about not doing well.”
And if we believe that we’re not “math people”，we may question about ourselves and avoid solving problems that we could deal with.
Researchers have been trying to work out why mental math can make us nervous.This fear might come from all kinds of sources，but some suggest that openly expressing your fears can weaken their control on you and encourage children to see math tests as challenges rather than threats(威胁).We need to have a positive view(有积极的看法) on math and give it another try.
5.What’s the main idea of paragraph 2
A.Girls are better at math than boys.
B.Math classes are difficult for everyone.
C.Students’ anxiety only comes from teachers.
D.Math anxiety in childhood affect students’ confidence.
√
段落大意题。根据第二段“The reason for this problem often begins to appear in our childhood at school.Studies have shown that math teachers who feel nervous about teaching the subject can pass their anxiety to their students...providing students，especially girls，with good role models ‘is important，especially at a young age.’ She believes the key is to have people，especially women who love teaching math，educate younger kids.”可知，本段的主旨是童年数学焦虑影响学生的自信心。故选D。
解析
6.What might happen if someone believes they’re not a “math person”？
A.They will study math harder.
B.They will doubt their abilities.
C.They will face challenges bravely.
D.They won’t see math as a threat.
√
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“And if we believe that we’re not ‘math people’，we may question about ourselves and avoid solving problems that we could deal with.”可知，如果有人认为自己不是“擅长数学的人”，他们会怀疑自己的能力。故选B。
解析
7.According to the last paragraph，what are children advised to do
A.Find the reasons of math fear positively.
B.Give up challenges to avoid anxiety actively.
C.Speak out their fears for improvement bravely.
D.Examine the reasons for math failure carefully.
√
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“...some suggest that openly expressing your fears can weaken their control on you and encourage children to see math tests as challenges rather than threats(威胁).”可知，建议孩子们勇敢地说出他们对数学的畏惧以助改进。故选C。
解析
8.What might be the best title for the passage
A.Math Anxiety：How to Fix It
B.Math Application：How to Use Math
C.Math Learning：The Key to Success in All Fields
D.Math Competition：Race Between Boys and Girls
√
标题归纳题。综合全文内容可知，文章主要说明了许多人有“数学焦虑症”，并分析了其原因以及给出了一些建议。由此可知，A选项“数学焦虑：如何解决？”是文章的最佳标题。故选A。
解析
1.far from远非
2.affect v.影响(本文为此义)；(疾病)侵袭，感染；(在感情上)深深打动
3.compared to 与……相比
4.openly(派)＝open＋ly adv.公开地；毫不隐瞒地；公然
5.weaken(派)＝weak＋en v.(使)变弱
词汇积累
Studies have shown that math teachers who feel nervous about teaching the subject can pass their anxiety to their students，and girls might be more affected by this anxiety.
分析：此句为复合句。that引导宾语从句，从句中主干为“math teachers can pass their anxiety to their students，and girls might be more affected by this anxiety”，在该从句中who引导定语从句，修饰math teachers。
翻译：研究表明，在教学过程中感到紧张的数学老师会把他们的焦虑传递给学生，而且女孩可能更容易受到这种焦虑的影响。
句式分析
(2025·安徽高一上期中)
School can be stressful unless you know how to manage your stress.
Learn to deal with your tasks.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了如何管理学校造成的压力。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
A.This is a great mistake.
B.Walk to school or other places.
C.Try to avoid fatty food and sugar.
D.School is stressful for a number of reasons.
E.But your food is one of the keys to your energy levels.
F.But exercise is what will actually raise your energy levels.
G.In this way，you can have enough time to party with friends.
√
1 But the biggest one is the tasks and learning materials students need to deal with continually.This is why one of the simplest ways to reduce stress for students is to deal with some of the work.The best choice for students is the job writing service Edubirdie where students can find expert writers who will take over some of their tasks.
根据下文“But the biggest one is the tasks and learning materials students need to deal with continually.”可知，下文指出了造成学校压力的最重要的原因，D选项“学校造成的压力有很多原因”引出下文，故选D。
解析
A.This is a great mistake.
B.Walk to school or other places.
C.Try to avoid fatty food and sugar.
D.School is stressful for a number of reasons.
E.But your food is one of the keys to your energy levels.
F.But exercise is what will actually raise your energy levels.
G.In this way，you can have enough time to party with friends.
√
Make changes in your food.
Stress management for students starts with what they eat.This might come as a surprise. 2 What you need to manage stress and keep yourself focused on your school tasks is a proper diet.We are talking about food rich in vegetables，fruits，meat and whole grains.
根据上文“Stress management for students starts with what they eat.This might come as a surprise.”可推知，下文应说明管理饮食的原因，所以E选项“但是你吃的食物是你能量水平的关键之一”符合题意，并且和上文构成转折关系，故选E。
解析
A.This is a great mistake.
B.Walk to school or other places.
C.Try to avoid fatty food and sugar.
D.School is stressful for a number of reasons.
E.But your food is one of the keys to your energy levels.
F.But exercise is what will actually raise your energy levels.
G.In this way，you can have enough time to party with friends.
√
Find a way to exercise properly.
When asked why they aren’t exercising often，most students say that they don’t have the time or energy for it. 3 And the best part is，you don’t need to exercise for hours every day.
根据上文“When asked why they aren’t exercising often，most students say that they don’t have the time or energy for it.”和下文“And the best part is，you don’t need to exercise for hours every day.You can try easier activities.” 可知，F选项“但是运动才是真正能提高你能量水平的事情”说明了锻炼的好处，承接上文学生们说的没时间锻炼的情况，又引出下文可采取的简单锻炼方式等内容。故选F。
解析
A.This is a great mistake.
B.Walk to school or other places.
C.Try to avoid fatty food and sugar.
D.School is stressful for a number of reasons.
E.But your food is one of the keys to your energy levels.
F.But exercise is what will actually raise your energy levels.
G.In this way，you can have enough time to party with friends.
√
You can try easier activities.For example，after a long day of study，taking a walk at night can make up your energy.Take the stairs instead of the lift every day. 4
根据上文“For example，after a long day of study，taking a walk at night can make up your energy.Take the stairs instead of the lift every day.”可知，这里是举例说明一些简单的锻炼方式，所以B选项“步行去学校或其他地方”承接上文，紧扣题意，故选B。
解析
A.This is a great mistake.
B.Walk to school or other places.
C.Try to avoid fatty food and sugar.
D.School is stressful for a number of reasons.
E.But your food is one of the keys to your energy levels.
F.But exercise is what will actually raise your energy levels.
G.In this way，you can have enough time to party with friends.
√
Don’t cut down on your sleep.
When you are too worried，you cannot act at your best.The tasks have taken you more time than they should，and you simply have no time left to study or write.When this happens，most students will reduce their sleep to focus on their duties. 5 If you keep reducing sleep，this will make you more worried.
根据上文“The tasks have taken you more time than they should，and you simply have no time left to study or write.When this happens，most students will reduce their sleep to focus on their duties.”可知，学生会为了专注于任务而减少睡眠，根据下文“If you keep reducing sleep，this will make you more worried.”可知，一直减少睡眠会让你更焦虑，A 选项 “这是一个大错误”对前文减少睡眠这件事进行评价，且与下文说的不良后果相呼应。故选A。
解析
Ⅴ.语法填空
(2025·河北保定高一上期中)
Pre-made dishes，also known as precooked food，have been gaining increasing 1.____________(popular) in recent years.These are meals that are partially or fully prepared in a factory or commercial kitchen before being sold to consumers.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了预制菜的优缺点。
popularity
考查名词。根据空格前的动词gaining可知，空格处应该用名词popularity作宾语。故填popularity。
解析
One of the main 2.____________(advantage) of pre-made dishes is convenience(方便).People with busy lifestyles prefer to buy them instead of cooking from scratch.Pre-made dishes can 3.__________(place) in the refrigerator and heated up quickly when needed.
advantages
2.考查名词复数。根据空格前的one of the可知，空格处应该用名词复数形式advantages。故填advantages。
3.考查被动语态。动词place与句子的主语pre-made dishes之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，空格前有can，be动词用原形。故填be placed。
解析
be placed
The variety of pre-made dishes is also increasing.There are different dishes 4.____________ can satisfy different tastes.For example，you can find Italian-style pasta dishes，Chinese stir-fries and American-style burgers.
that/which
考查定语从句。空格处引导限制性定语从句，对先行词dishes进行限定说明，从句中缺少主语，先行词指物，所以应该用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
解析
5._____________________，there are also some concerns.Some pre-made dishes are high 6.____ salt and fat.The long-term consumption may lead to health problems.In addition，some pre-made dishes contain additives (添加剂).
However/Nevertheless
5.考查副词。上文的内容是说预制菜的优点，而空格后的内容是说人们担忧和预制菜的缺点，所以上下文是转折关系，空格处应该用表示转折的副词however或nevertheless，句首单词的首字母应大写。故填However/Nevertheless。
6.考查介词。be high in“富含……”是固定搭配。故填in。
解析
in
Although these additives are used 7._________(keep) the food fresh，they may cause concerns among consumers.Some pre-made dishes lack the freshness of home-cooked meals.When 8.________(cook) at home，we can choose fresh ingredients.
to keep
7.考查非谓语动词。be used to do“被用于做……”是固定搭配。故填to keep。
8.考查非谓语动词。根据空格前的when可知，此处是状语从句的省略，when引导的完整从句是when we are cooking at home，符合状语从句省略的条件，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。故填cooking。
解析
cooking
But for pre-made dishes，we don’t know 9.________(exact) how long the ingredients have been stored.
exactly
考查副词。修饰空格前的动词know，应该用副词exactly作状语。故填exactly。
解析
In conclusion，pre-made dishes are convenient but have some problems that we should consider.We should make 10.____ wise choice according to our own needs.
考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处表示“一个明智的选择”，空格处应该用不定冠词，wise的发音是辅音音素开头，应该用a。故填a。
解析
a
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