资源简介

Period 3　Discovering Useful Structures
阅读以下两段对话，感知黑体部分并完成下面的小题
1．Lily：I haven’t seen you recently.What are you doing these days
Bob：I am doing research on how to protect wildlife.
Lily：You have never done such research before，have you
Bob：Yes，this is the first time that I have done this.I have read some papers on this topic and also attended a lecture.
Lily：The lecture is very useful to your research，isn’t it
Bob：Yes，it is.It is also inspiring.
Lily：It inspires you to find more information about the topic，doesn’t it
Bob：Yes，it does.It gives me suggestions on finding more information.
2．Sam：Amy，there will be a film in the school hall tonight，won’t there
Amy：I’ve just heard about it.It is called A Brief History of Time，a film about Stephen Hawking.
Sam：It must be a great movie，isn’t it
Amy：I think so.Let’s watch it together，shall we/shan’t we
Sam：OK，we can meet in front of the school hall at about six，can’t we
Amy：OK，see you then!
Sam：See you！
1.附加疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是陈述句式，后一部分是疑问句式，两者用逗号隔开。
2．附加疑问句一般是前肯定后否定，或者前否定后肯定。
3．附加疑问句又称反意疑问句。附加疑问部分的句式是：助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语，其中的主语必须用代词。
附加疑问句
一、含义
附加疑问句是附加在陈述句后的简短问句，对陈述句所叙述的事实或观点提出疑问。
二、构成
1．肯定陈述句＋否定附加疑问部分
You have already got our invitation，haven’t you？你们已经收到了我们的请帖，是吧？
2．否定陈述句＋肯定附加疑问部分
You won’t be away for long，will you
你不会离开太久，是吧？
3．祈使句＋附加疑问部分
(1)肯定祈使句＋will you？(为了使祈使句听起来更委婉、客气，附加疑问部分还可以用would you，won’t you，can you，could you，can’t you等)
Have another cup of coffee，will you
再喝杯咖啡，好吗？
(2)否定式祈使句＋will you
Don’t close the door，will you？别关门，好吗？
(3)以Let’s开头的祈使句，其附加疑问部分用“shall we”或“shan’t we”；以Let us/me开头的祈使句，其附加疑问部分用“will you”。
Let’s go and listen to the music，shall we
我们去听音乐，好吗？
Let us wait in the reading room，will you
让我们在阅览室等，好吗？
[即时训练1]　完成下列附加疑问句
1．She wasn’t seriously injured in the car accident，was she
2．He has given up his goal，hasn’t he
3．Let’s go to the cinema together，shall we/shan’t we
4．Don’t hike alone，will you
三、附加疑问句的几种特殊情况
特殊情况 例句
陈述部分有little，few，never，hardly，seldom，no，nothing，nobody，no one，none，neither等表示否定意义的词时，其附加疑问部分用肯定结构。 He seldom contacts his family，does he？
陈述部分含有由un-，im-，in-，dis- 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，视为肯定含义，附加疑问部分用否定形式。 Your little son is unhappy，isn’t he？(不能用is he) It is impossible to learn English well in that situation，isn’t it？(不能用is it)
陈述部分主语是this，that，these，those时，疑问部分主语用it或they。 These are credit cards，aren’t they？
当陈述部分是there be句型时，其附加疑问部分中要用 there。 There was an old stadium in front of our school，wasn’t there？
陈述部分用“used to＋动词原形”时，附加疑问部分用“didn’t＋主语”或“usedn’t＋主语”形式。 He used to live in the poor country，didn’t/usedn’t he？
若陈述部分是一个主从复合句，附加疑问部分一般要与主句一致。 He said the match was a failure，didn’t he？
感叹句后加附加疑问句时，附加疑问部分需用be的一般现在时的否定形式。 What fine weather，isn’t it？
[温馨提示]　当陈述部分是“I’m sure，I’m afraid，I think/suppose/expect/imagine/believe等＋宾语从句”结构时，附加疑问部分一般与从句的主语和谓语一致，而且要注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。
I don’t think he cheated in the match，did he
[即时训练2]　完成下列附加疑问句
1．I don’t think it is a good novel，is it
2．What a wonderful picture，isn’t it
3．He thought that he would stick to his dream，didn’t he
4．She used to play soccer on the school playground on the weekend，didn’t she/usedn’t she
5．There is a computer on the desk，isn’t there
6．This is a car，isn’t it
7．Your coming was unnecessary，wasn’t it
8．I could hardly refuse，could I
四、回答
(1)当陈述部分为肯定式，附加疑问部分为否定式时，其回答一般不会造成困难，一般只需照实际情况回答即可。
(2)当陈述部分为否定式，附加疑问部分为肯定式时，要根据事实来回答，事实是肯定的用Yes；事实是否定的用No；此时的Yes译为“不”，No译为“是的”。
—He wants to go，doesn’t he
—No，he doesn’t.
——他想去，不是吗？
——不，他不想去。
—You aren’t a student，are you
—Yes，I am.
——你不是学生，是吗？
——不，我是。
Ⅰ.完成下列附加疑问句
1．He knows the athlete who has won four gold medals，doesn’t he
2.Taking notes carefully makes you learn better，doesn’t it
3．Alice，you wash the plates today，will you
4．You must have been there，haven’t you
5．The economy of our country develops well，doesn’t it
6．He is not the man who gave us a lecture，is he
7．Don’t contact the guy addicted to drug，will you
8．It is the third time that he has been a champion，isn’t it
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．评论这件事意义不大，不是吗？
There is little point in commenting on it，is there
2．我相信下周五他会来派对的，对吗？
I believe that he will come to the party next Friday，won’t he
3．他从没告诉我们他是怎么受伤的，是不是？
He never told us how he was injured，did he
4．你认为我们不会跑完这次马拉松，是吗？
You don’t think we can finish the marathon，do you
5．她告诉我们她完成了任务，是吗？
She told us that she had finished the task，didn’t she
6．郎平是一个意志非常坚定的人，不是吗？
Lang Ping is a person with great determination，isn’t she
7．停止玩手机，给你儿子树立个好榜样，不行吗？
Stop playing on your cellphone and set a good example for your son，will/won’t you
8．这个交换生过去常常去汉语角，不是吗？
This exchange student used to go to the Chinese corner，didn’t/usedn’t he
作业3
[分值：75.5分]
Ⅰ.用附加疑问句补全句子(共10小题；每题2分，满分20分)
1．Few people are here，are they
2．Lucy would like an apple，wouldn’t she
3．There is little bread in this plate，is there
4．Everything seems all right，doesn’t it
5．You must have told her about it，haven’t you
6．Let’s go there by bus，shall we/shan’t we
7．Don’t forget to give Polly some food and change her water，will you
8．No one can answer this question，can they/can he
9．He must be tired，isn’t he
10．I suppose you have finished your homework，haven’t you
Ⅱ.阅读下面短文，运用本单元所学语法补全句子(共4小题；每题2分，满分8分)
The Old Cat
An old woman had a cat.The cat was very old；she could not run quickly,1.could she And she could not bite，because she was so old.One day the old cat saw a mouse and she jumped and caught the mouse.She could not bite it，so the mouse got out of her mouth and ran away.
Then the old woman became very annoyed because the cat had not killed the mouse.She began to hit the cat.The cat said，“Do not hit your old servant,2.will you I have worked for you for many years,3.haven’t I And I would work for you still，but I am too old.Do not be unkind to the old,4.will you But remember what good work the old did when they were young.”
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·河南高一上期中)
Being able to run 26.2 miles means you’re in good health，right Not exactly.We’ve already found some of the benefits of long-distance running，but now we’ll see the darker side of the marathon.
Marathoners who die in training or on the race course usually make headlines(头条) because these tragedies(悲剧) seem so unusual—who could be in better health and less likely to die than a runner At the age of 52，Jim Fixx，a celebrated runner，died in 1984.In this condition，the walls of the arteries(动脉) become thickened，causing less blood to flow through them.In 2007,28-year-old Ryan Shay died while competing in the U．S.Olympic marathon trials.His death was caused by an irregular(不规则的) heartbeat.
It’s obvious that running influences the heart，but did you know running can increase the size of the heart Hearts can become bigger when an athlete is doing physical training.The body supplies the increased amount(数量) of blood needed by increasing the size of the organ.After that the hearts can lead to irregular heartbeat，which can lead to heart failure.
Some marathoners think their fitness level absolves them from health problems.This simply isn’t the case.Medical examinations can find the risk factors(因素) that kill and injure runners.There are ways to reduce your risk factors.Don’t think you can eat or drink whatever you want because running will burn off the calories—diets rich in fat can lead to heart problems.
In addition to these life-threatening aspects(威胁生命的方面) of the sport，there are other sports injuries to be known.Most of these are overuse or overtraining injuries that can be prevented by resting properly.While you should do the sport with caution(谨慎)，you should also have fun running.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了马拉松这项运动的负面影响，包括可能导致的健康问题和其他运动损伤。
1．Why were the examples of Jim Fixx and Ryan Shay given
A．To show the possible danger of the marathon.
B．To take pity on their death.
C．To tell the importance of regular exercise.
D．To call on people not to exercise by themselves.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“but now we’ll see the darker side of the marathon”和第二段内容可知，举吉姆·菲克斯和瑞安·沙伊的例子是为了表明马拉松可能存在的危险。故选A。
2．How does the heart manage to provide the increased need of blood
A．By beating faster.
B．By enlarging itself.
C．By beating more heavily.
D．By working with other body parts.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Hearts can become bigger when an athlete is doing physical training.The body supplies the increased amount(数量) of blood needed by increasing the size of the organ.”可知，心脏通过扩大自身来满足不断增加的血液需求。故选B。
3．What does the underlined word “absolves” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Shapes. B．Separates.
C．Frees. D．Advises.
答案　C
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“them from health problems”以及“This simply isn’t the case.Medical examinations can find the risk factors(因素) that kill and injure runners.”可知，画线词所在句提出了相反的事实，说明一些马拉松运动员错误地认为他们的健康水平使他们免受健康问题的困扰。故画线词意思是“使……免于”。故选C。
4．What does the author suggest in the last paragraph
A．Having a rest after injuries.
B．Paying more attention to other injuries.
C．Stopping running completely.
D．Being careful and having fun running.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While you should do the sport with caution(谨慎)，you should also have fun running.”可知，作者建议虽然应该谨慎对待(跑步)这项运动，但也应该享受跑步的乐趣。故选D。
B(此篇精读)
We have all heard those people who say “exercise addiction，” but for many of us，it is hard to really love exercise.Some might even say they hate it or fear it.Why do they hate exercise And how can they overcome this bad habit to get their bodies moving
Throughout most of human history，because of lack of food，being active was not a wise choice.As soon as our ancestors were well fed，they rested to save energy，because they did not know where their next meal was coming from.So if you have the urge to sit down rather than go to the gym，you might find comfort in the knowledge that humans have a natural tendency to stay still.
Having said that，a growing number of people in modern society have adopted a sedentary(惯于久坐不动的) lifestyle.Yet，remaining physically inactive is terrible for our health.It is recommended that adults aged 18 to 65 get at least 150 (preferably 300) minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity each week.If this sounds too difficult，here are some tips to help you get motivated.
According to psychologists，there are two kinds of motivation for engaging in any activity：intrinsic and extrinsic.Intrinsic motivation arises from within an individual，while extrinsic motivation relies on external factors.
Do you work out to pass physical fitness tests or for your own sake Having a clear picture in your mind of what you want to gain from doing exercise can help put your fitness programs into action.To boost your extrinsic motivation，try arranging to meet a friend to exercise together.You will be more likely to follow through because most people don’t want to let their friends down.Furthermore，reward yourself with a new piece of sports clothing or shoes that you hope to wear while working out.Be sure to make the reward conditional on doing a certain amount of exercise so that you have to earn it.
Whatever method you adopt，be patient with yourself and keep the long game in mind—it takes around three to four months to get into the habit of regular exercise.After that，the intrinsic motivators will take over to keep your exercise routine going.
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了人们讨厌运动的问题并提供了解决该问题的建议。
5．What does the author want to show by mentioning our ancestors
A．Our ancestors actually liked exercise.
B．It’s important to get into the habit of working out.
C．It may do harm to our health if we work out too much.
D．It’s understandable that some people don’t want to do exercise.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，作者提到我们的祖先就是为了说明人类有天生倾向于静止的习性，也就是说，有些人不想运动是可以理解的，故选D。
6．When should you reward yourself according to paragraph 5
A．The moment you decide to work out regularly.
B．After you have achieved a goal set by yourself before.
C．When you have saved enough money to buy something.
D．Before you start to make a long-term exercise plan.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Be sure to make the reward conditional on doing a certain amount of exercise so that you have to earn it.”可知，要完成一定运动量，也就是达到了自己设定的目标之后才能奖励自己，故选B。
7．What is the author’s attitude toward people who hate exercise
A．Positive. B．Indifferent.
C．Hateful. D．Objective.
答案　D
解析　观点态度题。根据第一段中“Why do they hate exercise And how can they overcome this bad habit to get their bodies moving？”并通读全文内容可知，作者对讨厌运动的人表示理解，但也指出不运动会带来危害，综合可知，作者对讨厌运动的人持客观态度，故选D。
8．What is the main purpose of this article
A．To tell the difference between two kinds of motivation.
B．To analyze the reason why people hate exercise.
C．To encourage people to do some exercise.
D．To solve the problem of people lacking motivation.
答案　C
解析　写作意图题。根据最后一段以及通读全文内容可知，本文首先指出人们不爱运动这一问题，然后对运动的重要性做出解释，最后就如何养成运动习惯提出了详细建议。因此文章的主要目的是鼓励人们做运动，故选C。
[词汇积累] 1．lack of 缺乏 2．inactive(派)＝in＋active adj.不活跃的 3．motivate v．成为……的动机；激励，激发→motivated adj.积极的；主动的→motivation n．动力；积极性；动机 4．engage in (使)从事；参与 5．furthermore(派)＝further＋more adv.此外，而且 6．reward vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬 n．回报；奖励；报酬 reward sb with sth用某物奖励某人 [句式分析] So if you have the urge to sit down rather than go to the gym，you might find comfort in the knowledge that humans have a natural tendency to stay still. 分析：此句为复合句。if引导条件状语从句；that引导同位语从句，说明解释knowledge的内容。 翻译：所以，如果你有坐下来而不是去健身房的冲动，你可能会因为知道人类有一种天生喜欢静止不动的自然倾向而感到安慰。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·浙江衢州六校联盟高一上期中)
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner”．One reason was：“You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym，”while another read：“ 1 ” With a workout partner，you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle(微妙的) competition.
So，how do you find a workout partner
First of all，decide what you want from that person. 2 Or do you just want to be physically fit，able to move with strength and flexibility(灵活性)？Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media，but it probably won’t result in a useful response. 3 If you plan on working out in a gym，that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do，how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session，and her age.It also listed her favorite sports and activities，and provided her phone number. 4
You and your partner will probably have different skills. 5 Over time，both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.The core(核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A．Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B．A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C．You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D．Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E．How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F．Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G．Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了与伙伴一起健身的好处以及如何找到一个一起健身的伙伴。
1．答案　C
解析　上文提到感谢健身伙伴的一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去健身”，再根据“while another read”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起健身的理由。所以C项“如果你和别人一起健身，你会更努力”符合语境。故选C。
2．答案　D
解析　根据下文“Or do you just want to be physically fit，able to move with strength and flexibility？”可知，空处与其并列，也应是一个疑问句，D项“你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗？”符合语境。故选D。
3．答案　B
解析　根据下文“If you plan on working out in a gym，that person must belong to the same gym.”可知，B项“健身伙伴通常需要住在附近”符合语境，下文中的“that person”对应B项中的“A workout partner”。故选B。
4．答案　G
解析　空处位于段尾，应该是总结性的句子，上文列出了寻找健身伙伴的帖子所要包含的信息。所以G项“任何寻找健身伙伴的帖子都应包含这些信息”总结上文，符合语境。故选G。
5．答案　F
解析　根据上文“You and your partner will probably have different skills.”以及下文“Over time，both of you will benefit”可知，F项“接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作”符合语境。上文中的“different skills”对应F项中的“differences”。故选F。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·广东中山高一上阶段练习)
The Paris Olympics have turned the city’s famous landmarks into sports venues(场馆)，1._____________(create) a culture-defining backdrop(背景) for the exciting events.This combination(结合) of architecture and 2. (compete) has left people with unforgettable memories.
One of the standout venues is the Esplanade des Invalides，3. large space outside the Hotel des Invalides that is hosting the archery(射箭) events.The hotel has a history dating back over 300 years，which originally served 4. a hospital for the wounded and retired soldiers.Today，it includes history museums and monuments，as well as the tomb of Napoleon Bonaparte.Watching 5. (athlete) draw their bows and release arrows 6._____________ fly through the air against the backdrop of the ancient buildings is a sight to behold(奇观)．
7． (similar)，the shooting hall for the 2008 Beijing Olympics is a wonder of architectural design.The two-story venue features innovative(创新的) lighting，noise reduction and space design.Its outside surface 8. (cover) in brown，wood-like stripes(条纹)．As its architect from Tsinghua University said，the stripes represented a forest and were cleverly used 9.________________(provide) shade inside the venue.
Sports venues both at Beijing and Paris Olympics show 10. (they) uniqueness—a mixture of modernity and history，sport and culture.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了巴黎奥运会将著名地标转变为体育场馆，把历史建筑和比赛相结合，创造出令人难忘的氛围，并与北京奥运会场馆的现代设计进行了对比。
1．答案　creating
解析　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词have turned，空处需用非谓语动词，逻辑主语The Paris olympics和create之间是主动关系，用现在分词creating作结果状语。故填creating。
2．答案　competition
解析　考查名词。根据空前的“architecture and”可知，空处需用名词形式competition“竞赛”与“architecture”并列，作介词of的宾语，句中指的是“竞赛”这一概念，用单数形式。故填competition。
3．答案　a
解析　考查冠词。根据空后的“large space”可知，空处表泛指，需用不定冠词表示“一个”，且large为辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
4．答案　as
解析　考查介词。serve as“充当；担任”，为固定短语。故填as。
5．答案　athletes
解析　考查名词复数。athlete“运动员”为可数名词，由后文“draw their bows and release arrows”可知，不止一个运动员，应用复数形式。故填athletes。
6．答案　that/which
解析　考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词arrows，在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
7．答案　Similarly
解析　考查副词。空处需用副词形式similarly来修饰整个句子，作状语，表示“同样地”。位于句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Similarly。
8．答案　is covered
解析　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空处是句子的谓语动词，陈述客观事实用一般现在时；主语“Its outside surface”与谓语动词cover“覆盖”之间构成被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为单数名词，故be动词用is。故填is covered。
9．答案　to provide
解析　考查非谓语动词。be used to do sth“被用来做某事”，为固定用法。故填to provide。
10．答案　their
解析　考查代词。此处修饰名词uniqueness应用形容词性物主代词形式their，作定语。故填their。(共65张PPT)
Period 3
Discovering Useful Structures
Sports and fitness
Unit 3
内容索引
情境导读
语法精讲
达标检测
作业3
情境导读
阅读以下两段对话，感知加颜色部分并完成下面的小题
1.Lily：I haven’t seen you recently.What are you doing these days
Bob：I am doing research on how to protect wildlife.
Lily：You have never done such research before，have you
Bob：Yes，this is the first time that I have done this.I have read some papers on this topic and also attended a lecture.
Lily：The lecture is very useful to your research，isn’t it
Bob：Yes，it is.It is also inspiring.
Lily：It inspires you to find more information about the topic，doesn’t it
Bob：Yes，it does.It gives me suggestions on finding more information.
2.Sam：Amy，there will be a film in the school hall tonight，won’t there
Amy：I’ve just heard about it.It is called A Brief History of Time，a film about Stephen Hawking.
Sam：It must be a great movie，isn’t it
Amy：I think so.Let’s watch it together，shall we/shan’t we
Sam：OK，we can meet in front of the school hall at about six，can’t we
Amy：OK，see you then!
Sam：See you！
1.附加疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是 句式，后一部分是 句式，两者用逗号隔开。
2.附加疑问句一般是前肯定后 ，或者前否定后 。
3.附加疑问句又称反意疑问句。附加疑问部分的句式是：_______________
＋主语，其中的主语必须用 。
陈述
疑问
肯定
返 回
助动词/情态动
否定
词/be动词
代词
语法精讲
附加疑问句
一、含义
附加疑问句是附加在陈述句后的简短问句，对陈述句所叙述的事实或观点提出疑问。
二、构成
1.肯定陈述句＋否定附加疑问部分
You have already got our invitation，haven’t you？
你们已经收到了我们的请帖，是吧？
2.否定陈述句＋肯定附加疑问部分
You won’t be away for long，will you
你不会离开太久，是吧？
3.祈使句＋附加疑问部分
(1)肯定祈使句＋will you？(为了使祈使句听起来更委婉、客气，附加疑问部分还可以用would you，won’t you，can you，could you，can’t you等)
Have another cup of coffee，will you
再喝杯咖啡，好吗？
(2)否定式祈使句＋will you
Don’t close the door，will you？别关门，好吗？
(3)以Let’s开头的祈使句，其附加疑问部分用“shall we”或“shan’t we”；以Let us/me开头的祈使句，其附加疑问部分用“will you”。
Let’s go and listen to the music，shall we
我们去听音乐，好吗？
Let us wait in the reading room，will you
让我们在阅览室等，好吗？
[即时训练1]　完成下列附加疑问句
1.She wasn’t seriously injured in the car accident，
2.He has given up his goal，
3.Let’s go to the cinema together，
4.Don’t hike alone，
was she
hasn’t he
shall we/shan’t we
will you
三、附加疑问句的几种特殊情况
特殊情况 例句
陈述部分有little，few，never，hardly，seldom，no，nothing，nobody，no one，none，neither等表示否定意义的词时，其附加疑问部分用肯定结构。 He seldom contacts his family，does he？
特殊情况 例句
陈述部分含有由un-，im-，in-，dis- 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，视为肯定含义，附加疑问部分用否定形式。 Your little son is unhappy，isn’t he？(不能用is he)
It is impossible to learn English well in that situation，isn’t it？(不能用is it)
陈述部分主语是this，that，these，those时，疑问部分主语用it或they。 These are credit cards，aren’t they？
特殊情况 例句
当陈述部分是there be句型时，其附加疑问部分中要用 there。 There was an old stadium in front of our school，wasn’t there？
陈述部分用“used to＋动词原形”时，附加疑问部分用“didn’t＋主语”或“usedn’t＋主语”形式。 He used to live in the poor country，didn’t/usedn’t he？
若陈述部分是一个主从复合句，附加疑问部分一般要与主句一致。 He said the match was a failure，didn’t he？
感叹句后加附加疑问句时，附加疑问部分需用be的一般现在时的否定形式。 What fine weather，isn’t it？
[温馨提示]　当陈述部分是“I’m sure，I’m afraid，I think/suppose/expect/
imagine/believe等＋宾语从句”结构时，附加疑问部分一般与从句的主语和谓语一致，而且要注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。
I don’t think he cheated in the match，did he
[即时训练2]　完成下列附加疑问句
1.I don’t think it is a good novel，
2.What a wonderful picture，
3.He thought that he would stick to his dream，
4.She used to play soccer on the school playground on the weekend，

5.There is a computer on the desk，
6.This is a car，
7.Your coming was unnecessary，
8.I could hardly refuse，
is it
isn’t it
didn’t he
didn’t she/usedn’t she
isn’t there
isn’t it
wasn’t it
could I
四、回答
(1)当陈述部分为肯定式，附加疑问部分为否定式时，其回答一般不会造成困难，一般只需照实际情况回答即可。
(2)当陈述部分为否定式，附加疑问部分为肯定式时，要根据事实来回答，事实是肯定的用Yes；事实是否定的用No；此时的Yes译为“不”，No译为“是的”。
—He wants to go，doesn’t he
—No，he doesn’t.
——他想去，不是吗？
——不，他不想去。
—You aren’t a student，are you
—Yes，I am.
——你不是学生，是吗？
——不，我是。
返 回
达标检测
1.He knows the athlete who has won four gold medals，
2.Taking notes carefully makes you learn better，
3.Alice，you wash the plates today，
4.You must have been there，
5.The economy of our country develops well，
6.He is not the man who gave us a lecture，
7.Don’t contact the guy addicted to drug，
8.It is the third time that he has been a champion，
Ⅰ.完成下列附加疑问句
doesn’t he
doesn’t it
will you
haven’t you
doesn’t it
is he
will you
isn’t it
1.评论这件事意义不大，不是吗？
_______________________________________________________________
2.我相信下周五他会来派对的，对吗？
_______________________________________________________________
3.他从没告诉我们他是怎么受伤的，是不是？
_______________________________________________________________
4.你认为我们不会跑完这次马拉松，是吗？
_______________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.单句写作
There is little point in commenting on it，is there
I believe that he will come to the party next Friday，won’t he
He never told us how he was injured，did he
You don’t think we can finish the marathon，do you
5.她告诉我们她完成了任务，是吗？
_______________________________________________________________
6.郎平是一个意志非常坚定的人，不是吗？
_______________________________________________________________
7.停止玩手机，给你儿子树立个好榜样，不行吗？
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
8.这个交换生过去常常去汉语角，不是吗？
_______________________________________________________________
返 回
She told us that she had finished the task，didn’t she
Lang Ping is a person with great determination，isn’t she
Stop playing on your cellphone and set a good example for your son，will/won’t you
This exchange student used to go to the Chinese corner，didn’t/usedn’t he
作业3
1.Few people are here，
2.Lucy would like an apple，
3.There is little bread in this plate，
4.Everything seems all right，
5.You must have told her about it，
6.Let’s go there by bus，
7.Don’t forget to give Polly some food and change her water，
8.No one can answer this question，
9.He must be tired，
10.I suppose you have finished your homework，
Ⅰ.用附加疑问句补全句子
are they
wouldn’t she
is there
doesn’t it
haven’t you
shall we/shan’t we
will you
can they/can he
isn’t he
haven’t you
The Old Cat
An old woman had a cat.The cat was very old；she could not run quickly,1. And she could not bite，because she was so old.One day the old cat saw a mouse and she jumped and caught the mouse.She could not bite it，so the mouse got out of her mouth and ran away.
Ⅱ.阅读下面短文，运用本单元所学语法补全句子
could she
Then the old woman became very annoyed because the cat had not killed the mouse.She began to hit the cat.The cat said，“Do not hit your old servant,2. I have worked for you for many years,3. And I would work for you still，but I am too old.Do not be unkind to the old,4. But remember what good work the old did when they were young.”
will you
haven’t I
will you
A
(2025·河南高一上期中)
Being able to run 26.2 miles means you’re in good health，right Not exactly.We’ve already found some of the benefits of long-distance running，but now we’ll see the darker side of the marathon.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了马拉松这项运动的负面影响，包括可能导致的健康问题和其他运动损伤。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
Marathoners who die in training or on the race course usually make headlines(头条) because these tragedies(悲剧) seem so unusual—who could be in better health and less likely to die than a runner At the age of 52，Jim Fixx，a celebrated runner，died in 1984.In this condition，the walls of the arteries(动脉) become thickened，causing less blood to flow through them.In 2007,28-year-old Ryan Shay died while competing in the U.S.Olympic marathon trials.His death was caused by an irregular(不规则的) heartbeat.
It’s obvious that running influences the heart，but did you know running can increase the size of the heart Hearts can become bigger when an athlete is doing physical training.The body supplies the increased amount(数量) of blood needed by increasing the size of the organ.After that the hearts can lead to irregular heartbeat，which can lead to heart failure.
Some marathoners think their fitness level absolves them from health problems.This simply isn’t the case.Medical examinations can find the risk factors(因素) that kill and injure runners.There are ways to reduce your risk factors.Don’t think you can eat or drink whatever you want because running will burn off the calories—diets rich in fat can lead to heart problems.
In addition to these life-threatening aspects(威胁生命的方面) of the sport，there are other sports injuries to be known.Most of these are overuse or overtraining injuries that can be prevented by resting properly. While you should do the sport with caution(谨慎)，you should also have fun running.
1.Why were the examples of Jim Fixx and Ryan Shay given
A.To show the possible danger of the marathon.
B.To take pity on their death.
C.To tell the importance of regular exercise.
D.To call on people not to exercise by themselves.
√
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“but now we’ll see the darker side of the marathon”和第二段内容可知，举吉姆·菲克斯和瑞安·沙伊的例子是为了表明马拉松可能存在的危险。故选A。
解析
2.How does the heart manage to provide the increased need of blood
A.By beating faster.
B.By enlarging itself.
C.By beating more heavily.
D.By working with other body parts.
√
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Hearts can become bigger when an athlete is doing physical training.The body supplies the increased amount(数量) of blood needed by increasing the size of the organ.”可知，心脏通过扩大自身来满足不断增加的血液需求。故选B。
解析
3.What does the underlined word “absolves” in paragraph 4 mean
A.Shapes. B.Separates.
C.Frees. D.Advises.
√
词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“them from health problems”以及“This simply isn’t the case.Medical examinations can find the risk factors(因素) that kill and injure runners.”可知，画线词所在句提出了相反的事实，说明一些马拉松运动员错误地认为他们的健康水平使他们免受健康问题的困扰。故画线词意思是“使……免于”。故选C。
解析
4.What does the author suggest in the last paragraph
A.Having a rest after injuries.
B.Paying more attention to other injuries.
C.Stopping running completely.
D.Being careful and having fun running.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“While you should do the sport with caution(谨慎)，you should also have fun running.”可知，作者建议虽然应该谨慎对待(跑步)这项运动，但也应该享受跑步的乐趣。故选D。
解析
B(此篇精读)
We have all heard those people who say “exercise addiction，” but for many of us，it is hard to really love exercise.Some might even say they hate it or fear it.Why do they hate exercise And how can they overcome this bad habit to get their bodies moving
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了人们讨厌运动的问题并提供了解决该问题的建议。
Throughout most of human history，because of lack of food，being active was not a wise choice.As soon as our ancestors were well fed，they rested to save energy，because they did not know where their next meal was coming from.So if you have the urge to sit down rather than go to the gym，you might find comfort in the knowledge that humans have a natural tendency to stay still.
Having said that，a growing number of people in modern society have adopted a sedentary(惯于久坐不动的) lifestyle.Yet，remaining physically inactive is terrible for our health.It is recommended that adults aged 18 to 65 get at least 150 (preferably 300) minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity each week.If this sounds too difficult，here are some tips to help you get motivated.
According to psychologists，there are two kinds of motivation for engaging in any activity：intrinsic and extrinsic.Intrinsic motivation arises from within an individual，while extrinsic motivation relies on external factors.
Do you work out to pass physical fitness tests or for your own sake Having a clear picture in your mind of what you want to gain from doing exercise can help put your fitness programs into action.To boost your extrinsic motivation，try arranging to meet a friend to exercise together. You will be more likely to follow through because most people don’t want to let their friends down.Furthermore，reward yourself with a new piece of sports clothing or shoes that you hope to wear while working out.Be sure to make the reward conditional on doing a certain amount of exercise so that you have to earn it.
Whatever method you adopt，be patient with yourself and keep the long game in mind—it takes around three to four months to get into the habit of regular exercise.After that，the intrinsic motivators will take over to keep your exercise routine going.
5.What does the author want to show by mentioning our ancestors
A.Our ancestors actually liked exercise.
B.It’s important to get into the habit of working out.
C.It may do harm to our health if we work out too much.
D.It’s understandable that some people don’t want to do exercise.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，作者提到我们的祖先就是为了说明人类有天生倾向于静止的习性，也就是说，有些人不想运动是可以理解的，故选D。
解析
6.When should you reward yourself according to paragraph 5
A.The moment you decide to work out regularly.
B.After you have achieved a goal set by yourself before.
C.When you have saved enough money to buy something.
D.Before you start to make a long-term exercise plan.
√
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Be sure to make the reward conditional on doing a certain amount of exercise so that you have to earn it.”可知，要完成一定运动量，也就是达到了自己设定的目标之后才能奖励自己，故选B。
解析
7.What is the author’s attitude toward people who hate exercise
A.Positive. B.Indifferent.
C.Hateful. D.Objective.
√
观点态度题。根据第一段中“Why do they hate exercise And how can they overcome this bad habit to get their bodies moving？”并通读全文内容可知，作者对讨厌运动的人表示理解，但也指出不运动会带来危害，综合可知，作者对讨厌运动的人持客观态度，故选D。
解析
8.What is the main purpose of this article
A.To tell the difference between two kinds of motivation.
B.To analyze the reason why people hate exercise.
C.To encourage people to do some exercise.
D.To solve the problem of people lacking motivation.
√
写作意图题。根据最后一段以及通读全文内容可知，本文首先指出人们不爱运动这一问题，然后对运动的重要性做出解释，最后就如何养成运动习惯提出了详细建议。因此文章的主要目的是鼓励人们做运动，故选C。
解析
1.lack of 缺乏
2.inactive(派)＝in＋active adj.不活跃的
3.motivate v.成为……的动机；激励，激发→motivated adj.积极的；主动的→motivation n.动力；积极性；动机
4.engage in (使)从事；参与
5.furthermore(派)＝further＋more adv.此外，而且
6.reward vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬 n.回报；奖励；报酬
reward sb with sth用某物奖励某人
词汇积累
So if you have the urge to sit down rather than go to the gym，you might find comfort in the knowledge that humans have a natural tendency to stay still.
分析：此句为复合句。if引导条件状语从句；that引导同位语从句，说明解释knowledge的内容。
翻译：所以，如果你有坐下来而不是去健身房的冲动，你可能会因为知道人类有一种天生喜欢静止不动的自然倾向而感到安慰。
句式分析
(2025·浙江衢州六校联盟高一上期中)
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner”.One reason was：“You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym，”
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了与伙伴一起健身的好处以及如何找到一个一起健身的伙伴。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
√
while another read：“ 1 ” With a workout partner，you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle(微妙的) competition.
上文提到感谢健身伙伴的一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就会去健身”，再根据“while another read”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起健身的理由。所以C项“如果你和别人一起健身，你会更努力”符合语境。故选C。
解析
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
√
So，how do you find a workout partner
First of all，decide what you want from that person. 2 Or do you just want to be physically fit，able to move with strength and flexibility(灵活性)？Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
根据下文“Or do you just want to be physically fit，able to move with strength and flexibility？”可知，空处与其并列，也应是一个疑问句，D项“你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗？”符合语境。故选D。
解析
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
√
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media，but it probably won’t result in a useful response. 3 If you plan on working out in a gym，that person must belong to the same gym.
根据下文“If you plan on working out in a gym，that person must belong to the same gym.”可知，B项“健身伙伴通常需要住在附近”符合语境，下文中的“that person”对应B项中的“A workout partner”。故选B。
解析
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
√
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park.Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do，how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session，and her age.It also listed her favorite sports and activities，and provided her phone number. 4
空处位于段尾，应该是总结性的句子，上文列出了寻找健身伙伴的帖子所要包含的信息。所以G项“任何寻找健身伙伴的帖子都应包含这些信息”总结上文，符合语境。故选G。
解析
A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B.A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C.You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport
E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice
F.Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
√
You and your partner will probably have different skills. 5 Over time，both of you will benefit—your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit.The core(核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
根据上文“You and your partner will probably have different skills.”以及下文“Over time，both of you will benefit”可知，F项“接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作”符合语境。上文中的“different skills”对应F项中的“differences”。故选F。
解析
Ⅴ.语法填空
(2025·广东中山高一上阶段练习)
The Paris Olympics have turned the city’s famous landmarks into sports venues(场馆)，
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了巴黎奥运会将著名地标转变为体育场馆，把历史建筑和比赛相结合，创造出令人难忘的氛围，并与北京奥运会场馆的现代设计进行了对比。
1._________(create) a culture-defining backdrop(背景) for the exciting events. This combination(结合) of architecture and 2.___________(compete) has left people with unforgettable memories.
competition
1.考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词have turned，空处需用非谓语动词，逻辑主语The Paris olympics和create之间是主动关系，用现在分词creating作结果状语。故填creating。
2.考查名词。根据空前的“architecture and”可知，空处需用名词形式competition“竞赛”与“architecture”并列，作介词of的宾语，句中指的是“竞赛”这一概念，用单数形式。故填competition。
解析
creating
One of the standout venues is the Esplanade des Invalides，3.______ large space outside the Hotel des Invalides that is hosting the archery(射箭) events.The hotel has a history dating back over 300 years，which originally served 4._____ a hospital for the wounded and retired soldiers.
a
3.考查冠词。根据空后的“large space”可知，空处表泛指，需用不定冠词表示“一个”，且large为辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
4.考查介词。serve as“充当；担任”，为固定短语。故填as。
解析
as
Today，it includes history museums and monuments，as well as the tomb of Napoleon Bonaparte.Watching 5._________(athlete) draw their bows and release arrows 6.___________ fly through the air against the backdrop of the ancient buildings is a sight to behold(奇观).
athletes
5.考查名词复数。athlete“运动员”为可数名词，由后文“draw their bows and release arrows”可知，不止一个运动员，应用复数形式。故填athletes。
6.考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词arrows，在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
解析
that/which
7._________(similar)，the shooting hall for the 2008 Beijing Olympics is a wonder of architectural design.The two-story venue features innovative (创新的) lighting，noise reduction and space design.Its outside surface 8.__________(cover) in brown，wood-like stripes(条纹).
Similarly
7.考查副词。空处需用副词形式similarly来修饰整个句子，作状语，表示“同样地”。位于句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Similarly。
8.考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。空处是句子的谓语动词，陈述客观事实用一般现在时；主语“Its outside surface”与谓语动词cover“覆盖”之间构成被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为单数名词，故be动词用is。故填is covered。
解析
is covered
As its architect from Tsinghua University said，the stripes represented a forest and were cleverly used 9.___________(provide) shade inside the venue.
to provide
考查非谓语动词。be used to do sth“被用来做某事”，为固定用法。故填to provide。
解析
Sports venues both at Beijing and Paris Olympics show 10._______(they) uniqueness—a mixture of modernity and history，sport and culture.
their
考查代词。此处修饰名词uniqueness应用形容词性物主代词形式their，作定语。故填their。
解析
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