资源简介

Period 5　Writing
写作一　应用文写作——概要写作
本单元的写作任务是为新闻报道(记叙文)写概要。概要写作是一种要求阅读和写作并重的英语高考题型，有准确性、完整性、概括性、客观性和个体性等特点。概要写作提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生在阅读原文后，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。概要既要用词准确、结构合理、语意连贯、不得抄袭原文，又要完全概括出文章的中心大意。
注意事项
1．词数要限制在60词左右，上下限不得超出10个单词。
2．要根据文章的体裁特点进行概要写作。
3．人称和时态要与所给文章中的人称和时态保持一致，但必要时也可以转变成第三人称。
4．写作时尽可能地使用复合句，必要时可转换词性，不得完全照抄照搬原文。
5．进行概要写作时，一定不要加入自己的观点并对原文加以评论；一定不要引入与原文内容无关的信息。
写作步骤
1．确定体裁，明确主题及结构
体裁 结构
记叙文 记叙文：人物、时间、地点、事件(起因—发展—结果) 夹叙夹议文：六要素＋寓意/启示
说明文 事物的性质功能类：对象＋性质功能 问题/现象＋解决方法类：现象＋原因＋结果
议论文 论点＋论据＋结论
2.确定主题句，找关键信息
画出每一段的主题句，抓住关键信息，忽略次要信息。
3．改写关键信息，得出要点
使用意义相同或相近的单词、短语或句式，或使用不同的句子结构表达同样的意思，如改变语态，肯定变否定等。
4．添加连接词，使行文连贯
要牢记各段落要点之间的逻辑关系和自然衔接，用恰当的关联词连贯全文。 常用的关联词有 however，besides，in addition，therefore，instead等。
1．This article/passage mainly tells a story about...
这篇文章主要讲述一个关于……的故事。
2．This passage mainly deals with/discusses/explores...
这篇文章主要处理/讨论/探索……
3．This article focuses on the topic of...
这篇文章关注……的话题。
4．This essay presents knowledge that...
这篇短文呈现……的知识。
5．In this passage (about...)，the author...
在这篇(关于……的)文章里，作者……
6．The author began the essay/passage by telling/presenting...
作者通过讲述/呈现……开始这篇短文/文章。
7．First/Firstly/In the beginning/In the first part，the author argues/explains/mentions/states/points out (that)．..
首先，作者论证/解释/提及/陈述/指出……
8．Secondly/Next/Then/In the next part/In the main part，the author goes on with...
第二/接下来/然后/在下一部分/在主要部分，作者继续……
9．Finally，the author stresses that...
最后，作者强调……
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Most of the survivors had to stay in the open area overnight after a 7.1-magnitude earthquake toppled(使倒塌) houses，cut off power and first-aid materials supply in Yushu，northwest China’s Qinghai Province on Wednesday while rescuers faced difficulties in searching for the buried.
Rescuers have set up more than 40 tents for survivors in the Gyegu Town，near the epicenter(震中) in the Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Yushu in southern Qinghai.But the effort seems far less than enough for the area inhabited by some 100,000 people.
Many people sought temporary shelters in buildings that remained unaffected by the tremor(轻微地震)．
In the yard of Yushu’s Sports Committee，nearly 1,000 people were sitting or lying on the ground in sheer(完全的，十足的) darkness.Some wrapped themselves up with quilts taken out from the debris(碎片，残骸)．Some brought their own tents and others turned on the lights of motorcycles.
“I’m hungry and thirsty.We’ve been waiting for help since the morning，” said Zhaxi Toinzhub.
The woman said her three children were still buried in the rubble(碎石，瓦砾)．
The National Meteorological Station forecast Wednesday that temperatures may hit minus 3 degrees Celsius at night and 15 degrees Celsius in the daytime in the coming days.
The town would see strong winds and sunny weather in the coming days，providing favorable conditions for rescue operations.
The town is located in a remote area in Qinghai and the quake and ensuing(随后的) landslides have damaged roads，causing great difficulties for rescuers and，especially，machines from outside to enter the region.
“Rescuers had to dig with bare hands or iron sticks，looking forward to the arrival of digging machines，” said a rescuer surnamed Wang，who was working at a collapsed hostel.
“The searching operation became even harder at night without lighting facilities，” he said.
In addition，rescuers may easily get exhausted working at a place with an altitude(海拔) of above 4,000 metres.
Thousands of rescuers and medical staff are rushing to Yushu from many regions of China，bringing machines，disaster-relief materials and medicines to the quake-hit town.Governments，organizations，enterprises and individuals are offering donations of money and materials to the region.
第一步　审题谋篇
第二步　遣词造句
信息归纳
快速阅读短文，找出每一部分的核心词汇，并连词成句
Part 1
1．核心词汇　a 7.1-magnitude earthquake，toppled，cut off，Qinghai Province，Yushu，Wednesday
2．连词成句　①A 7.1-magnitude earthquake hit Yushu，Qinghai on Wednesday.It toppled houses and cut off supplies.
Part 2
3．核心词汇　100,000 people，shelters，hungry and thirsty，darkness，wind，damaged roads，dig with bare hands，the searching operation became even harder，get exhausted
4．连词成句　②About 100,000 people are suffering hunger and cold from it，and the damaged roads，lack of machines and the high altitude make it harder to rescue the survivors.
Part 3
5．核心词汇　governments，organizations，enterprises and individuals，donations，money，materials
6．连词成句　③Governments，organizations，enterprises and individuals are donating money and materials to the area.
第三步　句式升级
把第①句变成含有定语从句的句子。
A 7.1-magnitude earthquake hit Yushu，Qinghai on Wednesday，which toppled houses and cut off supplies.
第四步　组句成篇
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式组成一篇60词左右的短文。
参考范文
A 7.1-magnitude earthquake hit Yushu，Qinghai on Wednesday，which toppled houses and cut off supplies.About 100,000 people are suffering hunger and cold from it.In addition，the damaged roads，lack of machines and the high altitude make it harder to rescue the survivors.Governments，organizations，enterprises and individuals are donating money and materials to the area.
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The new exhibition at the National Gallery of Victoria，the NGV，is on a much larger scale than the previous showing of these well-known Chinese relics.
“Terracotta Warriors: Guardians of Immortality” features 8 life-size warriors,2 life-size horses，and 2 half-size replica bronze chariots，each drawn by four horses.Gold，jade，and bronze artifacts dating back thousands of years are also showcased in the exhibition.Sasha Grishin，an art historian from the Australian National University，traveled from Canberra to Melbourne for the chance to see these sculptures again up close.He was here when the Terracotta Warriors came to Melbourne back in 1982.“In 1982，when the Terracotta Warriors came，that was already a very long time ago.And we had a different perspective on China.It was exotic then.Here we’re looking not at the exotic，but we’re looking at important art.And we’re seeing China not as something out there，but China as being part of the global art community.And seeing it in the context of very important contemporary Chinese art，that’s a very important development.”
Zhou Kuiying is the deputy director of the Cultural Heritage Administration of Shaanxi Province，the home of the Terracotta Warriors.He said the exhibition can play a role in building cultural ties between China and Australia.“Over more than 30 years，we have discovered many artifacts in China，including more Terracotta Warriors.Many of the sculptures and artifacts here today are part of the new discoveries.We hope exhibits like this will help Australians，especially young people，to understand ancient Chinese culture，and the China of today，as this can strengthen mutual trust and friendship between Chinese and Australian people.”
Alongside the Terracotta Warriors exhibition，the NGV is also showcasing works by the contemporary Chinese artist Cai Guoqiang.
The exhibition opens to the public on Friday and will run until October.
参考范文
A large exhibition of Terracotta Warriors is going on at NGV.(要点1)This exhibition displays many precious cultural relics，which attracts people like Sasha Grishin who love art.(要点2)The exhibition is a link between Chinese and Australian culture.(要点3)Besides the Terracotta Warriors，there are also works by Cai Guoqiang on display.(要点4)The exhibition runs from Friday to October.(要点5)
写作二　读后续写微技能
Ⅰ.续写技法指导——如何写续写衔接句和主题升华句
1.Whenever thinking of that heart-warming scene，Jenna couldn’t help getting deeply moved by the selfless love and care of her neighbors.
每当詹娜想起那暖心的场景，她都会情不自禁地被邻居无私的关爱深深打动。(点题式)
2．Not until then did I realize what true friendship was：A friend in need is a friend indeed.
直到那时我才意识到什么是真正的友谊：患难见真情。(人生感悟式)
3．Through the experience，we learned that helping people in need makes our day as well.Just as the saying goes，“Roses given，fragrance in hand.”
通过这次经历，我们认识到帮助有需要的人也会让我们很快乐。正如俗话所说：“赠人玫瑰，手留余香。”(主题升华式)
4．With the warm sunlight flooding in，they hugged together，feeling forgiven，loved and trusted.
温暖的阳光照进来，他们拥抱在一起，感到被原谅、被爱和被信任。(寓情于景式)
Ⅱ.教材语料积累
词汇 情感描写 shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊　in shock震惊；吃惊　calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静
动作描写 slide vi.& vt.(使)滑行；滑动　flood vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没　rescue n．& vt.营救；救援　trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱　tap vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍　effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力　aid vi.& vt.帮助；援助 n．援助；帮助；救援物资　crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n．撞车；碰撞　sweep vt.& vi.打扫；清扫　wave vi.& vt.挥手；招手 n．海浪；波浪　suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦　survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过
句型 1.For several days，the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell.(反复) 2．Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide，and fish jumped out of the water.(排比) 3．It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！(夸张) 4．Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.(夸张) 5．Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves，but no wind could blow them away.(比喻) 6．Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.(动作描写) 7．Slowly，the city began to breathe again.(拟人) 8．Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.(拟人) 9．Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster，people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.(主旨升华)
续写语料运用
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。
读后续写片段描写——头被卡在大南瓜里
我的头陷入大南瓜里，我是如此震惊以至于我的喉咙发紧，膝盖发软，各种各样糟糕的想法涌入我的心头。我尝试把头从南瓜里拔出来，但是白费力气。我弟弟不顾我正遭受的事情，他竟然咯咯地笑着轻拍这个大南瓜。我爸爸咧嘴笑着，来帮助我，安慰地说，“保持镇静！”我被成功地营救了，一阵感激之情向我袭来，泪水像断了线的珠子一样滚下我的脸庞。
1．My head was trapped in the huge pumpkin and I was 2.in such shock that my throat tightened and my knees felt weak.Various terrible thoughts 3.flooded into my mind.I 4.made every effort to pull my head out of it，but in vain.Ignoring 5.what I was suffering，my brother should 6.tap the huge pumpkin，giggling.Grinning from ear to ear，my father 7.came to my aid，saying in comfort，“8.Keep calm！” I 9.was successfully rescued and 10.a wave of gratitude washed over me，tears trickling down my cheeks like a broken line of beads.(共38张PPT)
Period 5
Writing
Natural disasters
Unit 4
内容索引
写作一　应用文写作——概要写作
写作二　读后续写微技能
写作一　应用文写作——概要写作
本单元的写作任务是为新闻报道(记叙文)写概要。概要写作是一种要求阅读和写作并重的英语高考题型，有准确性、完整性、概括性、客观性和个体性等特点。概要写作提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生在阅读原文后，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。概要既要用词准确、结构合理、语意连贯、不得抄袭原文，又要完全概括出文章的中心大意。
注意事项
1.词数要限制在60词左右，上下限不得超出10个单词。
2.要根据文章的体裁特点进行概要写作。
3.人称和时态要与所给文章中的人称和时态保持一致，但必要时也可以转变成第三人称。
4.写作时尽可能地使用复合句，必要时可转换词性，不得完全照抄照搬原文。
5.进行概要写作时，一定不要加入自己的观点并对原文加以评论；一定不要引入与原文内容无关的信息。
写作步骤
1.确定体裁，明确主题及结构
体裁 结构
记叙文 记叙文：人物、时间、地点、事件(起因—发展—结果)
夹叙夹议文：六要素＋寓意/启示
说明文 事物的性质功能类：对象＋性质功能
问题/现象＋解决方法类：现象＋原因＋结果
议论文 论点＋论据＋结论
2.确定主题句，找关键信息
画出每一段的主题句，抓住关键信息，忽略次要信息。
3.改写关键信息，得出要点
使用意义相同或相近的单词、短语或句式，或使用不同的句子结构表达同样的意思，如改变语态，肯定变否定等。
4.添加连接词，使行文连贯
要牢记各段落要点之间的逻辑关系和自然衔接，用恰当的关联词连贯全文。常用的关联词有 however，besides，in addition，therefore，instead等。
常用表达
1.This article/passage mainly tells a story about...
这篇文章主要讲述一个关于……的故事。
2.This passage mainly deals with/discusses/explores...
这篇文章主要处理/讨论/探索……
3.This article focuses on the topic of...
这篇文章关注……的话题。
4.This essay presents knowledge that...
这篇短文呈现……的知识。
5.In this passage (about...)，the author...
在这篇(关于……的)文章里，作者……
6.The author began the essay/passage by telling/presenting...
作者通过讲述/呈现……开始这篇短文/文章。
7.First/Firstly/In the beginning/In the first part，the author argues/
explains/mentions/states/points out (that)...
首先，作者论证/解释/提及/陈述/指出……
8.Secondly/Next/Then/In the next part/In the main part，the author goes on with...
第二/接下来/然后/在下一部分/在主要部分，作者继续……
9.Finally，the author stresses that...
最后，作者强调……
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Most of the survivors had to stay in the open area overnight after a 7.1-magnitude earthquake toppled(使倒塌) houses，cut off power and first-aid materials supply in Yushu，northwest China’s Qinghai Province on Wednesday while rescuers faced difficulties in searching for the buried.
Rescuers have set up more than 40 tents for survivors in the Gyegu Town，near the epicenter(震中) in the Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Yushu in southern Qinghai.But the effort seems far less than enough for the area inhabited by some 100,000 people.
典例演练
Many people sought temporary shelters in buildings that remained unaffected by the tremor(轻微地震).
In the yard of Yushu’s Sports Committee，nearly 1,000 people were sitting or lying on the ground in sheer(完全的，十足的) darkness.Some wrapped themselves up with quilts taken out from the debris(碎片，残骸).Some brought their own tents and others turned on the lights of motorcycles.
“I’m hungry and thirsty.We’ve been waiting for help since the morning，” said Zhaxi Toinzhub.
The woman said her three children were still buried in the rubble(碎石，瓦砾).
The National Meteorological Station forecast Wednesday that temperatures may hit minus 3 degrees Celsius at night and 15 degrees Celsius in the daytime in the coming days.
The town would see strong winds and sunny weather in the coming days，providing favorable conditions for rescue operations.
The town is located in a remote area in Qinghai and the quake and ensuing(随后的) landslides have damaged roads，causing great difficulties for rescuers and，especially，machines from outside to enter the region.
“Rescuers had to dig with bare hands or iron sticks，looking forward to the arrival of digging machines，” said a rescuer surnamed Wang，who was working at a collapsed hostel.
“The searching operation became even harder at night without lighting facilities，” he said.
In addition，rescuers may easily get exhausted working at a place with an altitude(海拔) of above 4,000 metres.
Thousands of rescuers and medical staff are rushing to Yushu from many regions of China，bringing machines，disaster-relief materials and medicines to the quake-hit town.Governments，organizations，enterprises and individuals are offering donations of money and materials to the region.
第一步　审题谋篇
第二步　遣词造句
信息归纳
快速阅读短文，找出每一部分的核心词汇，并连词成句
Part 1
1.核心词汇　a 7.1-magnitude earthquake，toppled，cut off，Qinghai Province，Yushu，Wednesday
2.连词成句　①A 7.1-magnitude earthquake hit Yushu，Qinghai on Wednesday.It toppled houses and cut off supplies.
Part 2
3.核心词汇　100,000 people，shelters，hungry and thirsty，darkness，wind，damaged roads，dig with bare hands，the searching operation became even harder，get exhausted
4.连词成句　②_________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
About 100,000 people are suffering hunger and cold from it，and the damaged roads，lack of machines and the high altitude make it harder to rescue the survivors.
Part 3
5.核心词汇　governments，organizations，enterprises and individuals，donations，money，materials
6.连词成句　③_________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Governments，organizations，enterprises and individuals are donating money and materials to the area.
把第①句变成含有定语从句的句子。
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
A 7.1-magnitude earthquake hit Yushu，Qinghai on Wednesday，which toppled houses and cut off supplies.
第三步　句式升级
第四步　组句成篇
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式组成一篇60词左右的短文。
参考范文
A 7.1-magnitude earthquake hit Yushu，Qinghai on Wednesday，which toppled houses and cut off supplies.About 100,000 people are suffering hunger and cold from it.In addition，the damaged roads，lack of machines and the high altitude make it harder to rescue the survivors.Governments，organizations，enterprises and individuals are donating money and materials to the area.
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The new exhibition at the National Gallery of Victoria，the NGV，is on a much larger scale than the previous showing of these well-known Chinese relics.
达标检测
“Terracotta Warriors: Guardians of Immortality” features 8 life-size warriors,2 life-size horses，and 2 half-size replica bronze chariots，each drawn by four horses.Gold，jade，and bronze artifacts dating back thousands of years are also showcased in the exhibition.Sasha Grishin，an art historian from the Australian National University，traveled from Canberra to Melbourne for the chance to see these sculptures again up close.He was here when the Terracotta Warriors came to Melbourne back in 1982.“In 1982，when the Terracotta Warriors came，that was already a very long time ago.And we had a different perspective on China.
It was exotic then.Here we’re looking not at the exotic，but we’re looking at important art.And we’re seeing China not as something out there，but China as being part of the global art community.And seeing it in the context of very important contemporary Chinese art，that’s a very important development.”
Zhou Kuiying is the deputy director of the Cultural Heritage Administration of Shaanxi Province，the home of the Terracotta Warriors.He said the exhibition can play a role in building cultural ties between China and Australia.“Over more than 30 years，we have discovered many artifacts in China，including more Terracotta Warriors.Many of the sculptures and artifacts here today are part of the new discoveries.We hope exhibits like this will help Australians，especially young people，to understand ancient Chinese culture，and the China of today，as this can strengthen mutual trust and friendship between Chinese and Australian people.”
Alongside the Terracotta Warriors exhibition，the NGV is also showcasing works by the contemporary Chinese artist Cai Guoqiang.
The exhibition opens to the public on Friday and will run until October.
参考范文
A large exhibition of Terracotta Warriors is going on at NGV.(要点1)This exhibition displays many precious cultural relics，which attracts people like Sasha Grishin who love art.(要点2)The exhibition is a link between Chinese and Australian culture.(要点3)Besides the Terracotta Warriors，there are also works by Cai Guoqiang on display.(要点4)The exhibition runs from Friday to October.(要点5)
返 回
写作二　读后续写微技能
Ⅰ.续写技法指导——如何写续写衔接句和主题升华句
1.Whenever thinking of that heart-warming scene，Jenna couldn’t help getting deeply moved by the selfless love and care of her neighbors.
每当詹娜想起那暖心的场景，她都会情不自禁地被邻居无私的关爱深深打动。(点题式)
2.Not until then did I realize what true friendship was：A friend in need is a friend indeed.
直到那时我才意识到什么是真正的友谊：患难见真情。(人生感悟式)
3.Through the experience，we learned that helping people in need makes our day as well.Just as the saying goes，“Roses given，fragrance in hand.”
通过这次经历，我们认识到帮助有需要的人也会让我们很快乐。正如俗话所说：“赠人玫瑰，手留余香。”(主题升华式)
4.With the warm sunlight flooding in，they hugged together，feeling forgiven，loved and trusted.
温暖的阳光照进来，他们拥抱在一起，感到被原谅、被爱和被信任。(寓情于景式)
Ⅱ.教材语料积累
词汇 情感描写 shock n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊　in shock震惊；吃惊　calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静
动作描写 slide vi.& vt.(使)滑行；滑动　flood vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没　rescue n.& vt.营救；救援　trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱　tap vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍　effort n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力　aid vi.& vt.帮助；援助 n.援助；帮助；救援物资　crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n.撞车；碰撞　sweep vt.& vi.打扫；清扫　wave vi.& vt.挥手；招手 n.海浪；波浪　suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦　survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过
句型 1.For several days，the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell.(反复)
2.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide，and fish jumped out of the water.(排比)
3.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！(夸张)
4.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.(夸张)
5.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves，but no wind could blow them away.(比喻)
句 型 6.Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.(动作描写)
7.Slowly，the city began to breathe again.(拟人)
8.Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.(拟人)
9.Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster，people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.(主旨升华)
续写语料运用
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。
读后续写片段描写——头被卡在大南瓜里
我的头陷入大南瓜里，我是如此震惊以至于我的喉咙发紧，膝盖发软，各种各样糟糕的想法涌入我的心头。
1. the huge pumpkin and I was 2.________
that my throat tightened and my knees felt weak.Various terrible thoughts 3. .
My head was trapped in
in such
shock
flooded into my mind
我尝试把头从南瓜里拔出来，但是白费力气。我弟弟不顾我正遭受的事情，他竟然咯咯地笑着轻拍这个大南瓜。我爸爸咧嘴笑着，来帮助我，安慰地说，“保持镇静！”我被成功地营救了，一阵感激之情向我袭来，泪水像断了线的珠子一样滚下我的脸庞。
I 4. pull my head out of it，but in vain.Ignoring 5. ，my brother should 6. ，giggling.Grinning from ear to ear，my father 7. ，saying in comfort，“8. ！” I 9. and 10.____
washed over me，tears trickling down my cheeks like a broken line of beads.
made every effort to
what I was suffering
tap the huge pumpkin
came to my aid
Keep calm
was successfully rescued
a
wave of gratitude
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