资源简介

Period 2　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
1．友谊触礁 friendship on the rocks
2．愿意做某事 be willing to do sth
3．闲逛 hang out
4．伤透某人的心 break one’s heart
5．(使)恢复，补救，收拾残局 pick up the pieces
6．在社交媒体上 on social media
7．和……玩得开心 have fun with
8．对……作出回复/反应 respond to
9．不知所措，困惑 at a loss
10．有错，应承担责任 in the wrong
11．被……欺骗 be tricked by
12．放弃，摒弃；松手，放开 let go of
sight n．视野；视力；看见
[教材原句P30]Whether we’re walking to school，doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend，we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.
不论是去上学、做作业，还是周末出去玩儿，我们俩几乎形影不离。
[外研版]I was frightened at the sight of the test paper.
我一看到试卷就好害怕。
[人教版]I’ve heard that it is an amazing sight，and I can’t wait to go.
我听说兵马俑是一个令人惊奇的景点，我已经迫不及待了。
out of one’s sight脱离某人的视线 lose sight of看不见 catch sight of看见 come into sight进入视野 at first sight乍一看；初次见到 at the sight of...一看见……
(1)At the sight of the dark figure，they let out a cry.
(2)At the bus station，we waved goodbye to the expert until we lost sight of him.
[写作佳句]
(3)(读后续写之景物描写)当我们拐过最后一个弯时，这座山城映入眼帘。
The mountain town came into sight when we turned the last corner.
(4)当那个孩子终于看到那间小屋时，她的心开始狂跳起来。
When the child caught sight of the hut at last，her heart began to beat wildly.
make it 能够出席；准时到达；获得成功
[教材原句P30]When I called her，she said she might not be able to make it to the cinema.
当我打电话给她时，她说她可能去不了电影院了。
make out理解；(费力地)看出 make sense有道理，有意义 make up for弥补；偿还 make use of利用 make up one’s mind (to do sth)下决心(做某事)
(1)I could hear voices but I could not make out what they were saying.
[写作佳句]
(2)当你减肥时，均衡饮食是有道理的。
It makes sense to eat a balanced diet when you lose weight.
(3)愧疚难当，她下决心做些什么来弥补她的过错。
Overcome by feelings of guilt，she made up her mind to do something to make up for her mistake.
(4)(应用文写作之道歉信)很抱歉，因为一些意外情况我今晚不能去参加你的生日聚会了。
I’m sorry that I can’t make it to your birthday party this evening because of something unexpected.
recover vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 vt.全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制(recovery n．恢复；复苏；痊愈)
[教材原句P30]Instead of recovering at home，she was out having fun with someone else.
她并没有在家养病，而是在外边和别人玩得很开心。
[外研版]When I recovered from the shock，I looked at my camera.
当我从震惊中回过神来，我查看了相机。
·recover from...从……中恢复过来 recover oneself 镇定下来 ·make a recovery from...从……中恢复过来
(1)It can take many years to recover from the death of a loved one.
(2)He didn’t recover himself(he) until they sent him to the hospital.
(3)How we wish he would make a full recovery (recover) from the operation！
[写作佳句]
(4)(应用文写作之慰问信)我真诚地希望你能早日康复，恢复正常。
I sincerely expect that you will make a quick recovery/recover quickly and return to normal.
judge vt.& vi.评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为 n．法官；裁判员[ judg(e) ment n．判断力；意见，看法]
[教材原句P31]Don’t be so quick to judge your friend.别这么快就评判你的朋友。
[人教版]Should we judge people based on how much money they have
我们应该根据人们有多少钱来评判他们吗？
·judge...by/from...根据……判断…… as far as I can judge据我判断 judging by/from...从……来判断 ·in one’s judg(e)ment在某人看来
(1)As the old saying goes，“You can’t judge a book by/from its cover.”
(2)Judging(judge) from her blank face，she didn’t know what we were talking about.
[写作佳句]
(3)(2021·上海6月，书面表达)我认为，阅读和写作课程很适合你，因为你打算阅读书面文本并分享你的想法。
As far as I can judge/In my judg(e)ment，the Reading and Writing courses are fit for you，because you intend to read written texts and share your thoughts.
apologize vi.道歉，谢罪(apology n．[ C] &[ U]道歉；歉意)
[教材原句P31]Perhaps she knows she’s in the wrong and wants to apologize，or maybe she has a simple explanation for her behaviour.
也许她知道自己错了，想要道歉，或者她也许会对自己的行为有一个简单的解释。
[外研版]Act out the conversation to apologize to a family member.
表演对话，向家人道歉。
·apologize to sb for (doing) sth 为(做)某事而向某人道歉 ·owe sb an apology＝owe an apology to sb 应该向某人表示歉意 make an apology to sb (for...)(为……)向某人道歉
(1)I am writing to convey my sincere apology(apologize) to you for my bad behaviour.
(2)I owe you an apology for the fact that I cannot keep my word.
[写作佳句]
(3)(应用文写作之道歉信)我写信向你致歉因为我无法在周末和你一起去博物馆。
I’m writing to apologize to you/to make an apology to you for not making it to the museum with you this weekend.
in any case 无论如何，不管怎样(case n．具体情况，事例；案件；容器)
[教材原句P31]In any case，find an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with her.
无论如何，找个机会和她深入、坦诚地谈一谈。
[北师大版]The gloves and mouth guards also help，in case anything happens.
手套和护口器也有帮助，以防发生任何事情。
in that/this case既然那/这样；假使那样/这样的话 in case...(后跟句子)以防万一，以防 in case of如果，假使 in no case决不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装) as is often the case这是常有的事
(1)As is often the case，we misunderstand our friends，and finally our friendship is on the rocks.
[写作佳句]
(2)请明天再次提醒我关于开会的事，以防我忘了。
Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow in case I forget.
(3)以防紧急情况发生，随身携带一个急救箱总是一个好主意。
It is always a good idea to keep an emergency kit at hand，in case of emergency.
(4)(话题写作之语言学习)我们将讨论英语初学者不能恰当地使用这一语言的情况。
We’ll discuss a case where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
用法点拨　当case作先行词且在从句中作状语时，要用where引导定语从句。
whether...or...引导让步状语从句
[教材原句P30]Whether we’re walking to school，doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend，we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.
不论是去上学、做作业，还是周末出去玩儿，我们俩几乎形影不离。
[结构分析]本句中whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。
whether还可以引导名词性从句，常和or not连用，构成whether...or not结构，意为“是否……”。
(1)Whether happy or sad，she always tries to keep smiling.
[写作佳句]
(2)父母应该表扬孩子的努力，不管他们是成功还是失败。
Parents should praise their children’s efforts，whether they succeed or fail.
(3)(话题写作之环境保护)无论你是学生还是老师，都应该保持校园清洁。
Whether you are a student or a teacher，you should keep the campus clean.
(4)我不知道他是否能按时到达这里。
I don’t know whether he can arrive here (or not) on time.
Ⅰ.短语填空
1．She at once recovered herself(镇定下来) and stopped crying.
2．Let go of(摒弃) things you can’t change；sometimes it’s necessary to give up something.
3．He also responds to(对……作出回应) email questions that are short and to the point.
4．There’s no point complaining now—we are leaving tomorrow in any case(不管怎样)．
5．Feeling at a loss(不知所措)，he saw a notice online looking for volunteers to work in hospitals.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．无论你喜欢还是不喜欢这项任务，你都必须准时完成它。
Whether you like or dislike the task，you have to finish it on time.
2．从他们妈妈脸上的神情看，她一定很惊讶。
Judging by/from the expression on her face，their mother must be very surprised.
3．我快要迟到了，但我想我还能在上午10点之前赶上会议。
I’m running late，but I think I can still make it to the meeting by 10 a．m.
作业2　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
[分值：62分]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．The teacher is at a loss how to teach the naughty boy.
2．Judging(judge) from what he did，he must be a generous man.
3．You can depend on it that he knows how to respond to a challenge.
4．We all miss you very much and wish you a quick recovery(recover)．
5.In any case，I must apologize to you for taking your umbrella by mistake.
6．He enjoyed chatting(chat) about the things with his friends on social media.
7．After what seemed long hours，she finally let go of her anger and forgave him.
8．It is likely that you will suffer from bad health if you ignore the doctor’s advice.
9．All people，whether they are young or old，will benefit a lot from the new policy.
10.From my point of view，you will make it if you don’t lose heart and keep on trying.
Ⅱ.主题微写作(共4小题；每小题3分，满分12分)
1．玛丽和她最好的朋友的友谊濒临崩溃，这让她很痛苦。(which引导定语从句)
Mary’s friendship with her best friend was on the rocks，which made her suffer a lot.
2．她不知道她是否应该放弃这段友谊。(whether...or...)
She was at a loss whether she should let go of the friendship or not.
3．她的妈妈告诉她，无论如何，她都应该和她的朋友坦诚地谈一谈。(that引导宾语从句)
Her mother told her that in any case she should have a frank talk with her friend.
4．她意识到她错了，她会向她的朋友道歉以挽救她们的友谊。(apologize)
She realized that she was in the wrong and would apologize to her friend to save their friendship.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·江苏常州高一上期中)
Relationships—romantic or not—are full of disappointment and frustration(沮丧)．Even the most sincere friends will have differing opinions.Sometimes，our hearts break when our friends arrive.Imagine this：you’ve just painted a picture you consider a great work，but the meaningful smile on your friends’ face upon seeing it tells you that，however highly they praise your painting，it is no masterpiece to them.
People have long sought ways to circumvent these frustrations with art or technology.An old Roman tale tells of a man who once made his ideal friend out of stone，which was later brought to life through his prayer and communicated only with him.Similarly，modern young people also refuse undesirable socializing by watching movies and surfing the Internet.
When I first began having conversations with ChatGPT，I wondered if I had found a new friend.The chatbot seemed able to discuss anything.We had discussion on countless topics and its conclusion mirrored my own thoughts in a way that made me think，“Yes，we’re on the same wavelength！”
As a friend，ChatGPT has qualities that a human friend could hardly match.It can offer a wealth of knowledge on any subject although sometimes it may repeat misinformation or make minor mistakes.Furthermore，it will never tell you that it is too busy or not in the mood to talk with you.
However，if we can not accept the frustrations brought by human friends，there is a great chance that we can’t really know ourselves，and thus we won’t really grow.How do you react when you realize that your painting is actually not a great one You won’t know unless you show it to someone and get a true answer.When you and a friend want to do different things，will you compromise or force your ideas on your friend ChatGPT won’t give you the responses you expect from a human friend.However enjoyable your discussions with it may be，the relationships you develop with your fellow humans have no equal.
语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文论证虽然人们在社交关系中常遇到失望与沮丧，并通过艺术、科技等方式来规避这种情绪，但是人与人之间的关系是无与伦比的。
1．What does the example in paragraph 1 show
A．The possibility of friends lying to you.
B．The difference in opinion between friends.
C．The difficulty in creating a great artwork.
D．The importance of seeking friends’ praise.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句话以及“Imagine this：you’ve...no masterpiece to them.”可知，这个例子是在印证第二句：即使是最真诚的朋友之间也会有不同的看法，所以它展现了朋友间的观点分歧。 故选B。
2．What does the underlined word “circumvent” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Experience. B．Face.
C．Avoid. D．Judge.
答案　C
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“People have long sought ways...these frustrations with art or technology.”并结合后面举的用石头制作理想的朋友、年轻人拒绝社交的例子可知，人们一直在寻求通过艺术或科技来避免这些令人沮丧的情绪，也就是避免第一段中所提及的朋友之间出现分歧的情况，画线词与C选项为同义词。 故选C。
3．What makes ChatGPT seem like a good friend
A．It’s knowledgeable and like-minded.
B．It never makes a mistake in discussion.
C．It considers your painting a great work.
D．It allows you to know yourself and grow.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句和第四段中“It can offer a wealth of knowledge on any subject”可知，ChatGPT之所以看起来像是一个好朋友，是因为它既知识渊博又与作者志同道合。故选A。
4．What does the author want to say according to the text
A．Humans should avoid all social activities.
B．ChatGPT is the perfect friend for everyone.
C．There is no replacement for human friends.
D．Technology and art are better than friendship.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However，if we cannot accept...we won’t really grow.”以及“However enjoyable your discussions...have no equal.”可知，尽管与ChatGPT的讨论可能很有趣，但与人类建立的关系是无与伦比的。因此，作者想要表达的是人类朋友是无可替代的。 故选C。
B(此篇精读)
(2025·山东枣庄高一上期中)
When you are a kid，gaining a best friend forever can happen in a single play date.But when you grow up to be an adult，making and maintaining friendships gets harder.So how much quality time do you need before that stranger becomes your friend A new study recently found that，on average，it takes about 50 hours with someone before you consider them a casual friend，about 90 hours before you become real friends，and about 200 hours to become close friends.
The study’s author Jeffrey Hall，a communications professor，invited adults who are eager to make friends to take part in two experiments—people who had just moved to a new city in the past six months and college freshmen.He asked them to rate and track the degree of closeness and time spent together with a new person.“Results suggest that the chance of changing from casual friend to real friend is greater than 50% after around 80－100 hours together，” said Hall.
The study found that the amount of time spent talking together，or the fact that you spent time at school or work with them，was unrelated to friendship closeness.“It is really easy to spend a lot of time with people as they are routinely in the same place at the same time as you，” Hall said.“However，my study shows you can have workmates you spend hundreds and hundreds of hours with and still not develop a friendship.”
You do not need to become best friends with your workmates to develop meaningful relationships with them.But for those of us hoping to change from “girl who I eat lunch at work with” to “friend I can depend on”，Hall suggests that you need to take the relationship out of the workplace for it to become a friendship.The participants who did activities outside of work with someone，such as being invited to have lunch in their home，were more likely to develop deeper relationships with them.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是研究发现一个成年人需要多长时间才能交到一个新朋友，并且建议要想发展成为朋友需要将这种关系带出工作场所。
5．What is the new study mainly about
A．Different levels of friendship.
B．How long it takes to develop a friendship.
C．Why people need to make different friends.
D．Ways of making friends in a new environment.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A new study recently found that，on average，it takes...become close friends.”可知，一项新研究发现与一个人相处大约50个小时能发展成普通朋友，相处大约90个小时能发展成真正的朋友，而相处大约200个小时能发展成亲密朋友。所以，该新研究主要是关于发展一段友谊需要多长时间。故选B项。
6．What do we know about the participants in the study
A．They knew each other before.
B．They were in great need of friends.
C．They had difficulty in making new friends.
D．They started their new life in the same city.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The study’s author Jeffrey Hall，a communications professor，invited adults who are eager to make friends to take part in...and college freshmen.”可知，这项研究的参与者都是渴望交朋友、很需要朋友的人。故选B项。
7．What does the underlined word “routinely” probably mean in paragraph 3
A．Usually. B．Actively.
C．Seldom. D．Confidently.
答案　A
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线单词前的“It is really easy...with people as”可知，花很多时间与别人在一起很容易，且as前后为因果关系。联系画线词后的“in the same place at the same time as you”可知，这是因为他们通常和你同时在同一地点。由此可以推断，画线单词与A项“经常”意义相近。故选A项。
8．Which can help people build deeper relationships with workmates according to Hall
A．Joining the same work team.
B．Having lunch at work with them.
C．Inviting them to your home after work.
D．Sharing work experience with each other.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据尾段中的“...Hall suggests that you need...being invited to have lunch in their home...relationships with them.”可知，Hall建议把与同事的关系拓展到工作场所之外，且他的研究结果也证明在下班之后邀请同事到你的家里有助于和他们建立更深的关系。故选C项。
[词汇积累] 1．maintain v．维持；维修；保养 2．consider v．认为；考虑→considerate adj.考虑周到的，体贴的→consideration n．考虑；体贴 3．close adj.亲密的；紧密的 v．关闭；合上→closeness n．亲密；接近 4．relate v．联系，使有联系→ related adj.相关的，有联系的→unrelated adj.无关的；不相关的 5．participate v．参加，参与→participation n．参加，参与→participant n．参加者，参与者 [句式分析] The participants who did activities outside of work with someone，such as being invited to have lunch in their home，were more likely to develop deeper relationships with them. 分析：who 引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词participants；主句为The participants were more likely to develop deeper relationships with them。 翻译：在工作之外与他人一起参加活动的参与者，比如被邀请到他们家里吃午饭，更有可能与他们建立更深的关系。
Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
A mother and her son，who were once homeless，achieved their Olympic dreams in Paris.
Ivan was an excellent student and swimmer，with his mother，Robyn，training him as his 1 .However，while Ivan was in high school，Robyn lost 2 in her right eye，which caused money problems and made them homeless.
Robyn’s life was 3 and she had to decide between feeding her children and buying her medication.She 4 to feed her kids，saying she would do anything for them.Ivan said the next year and a half were difficult for them. 5 ，the family finally recovered，but Robyn’s health problems 6 .
Even with all the 7 ，Ivan excelled as a teenager，winning junior championships，earning a 8 at the University of Southern California and going to college.In February，he qualified(取得资格) for the 2024 Olympics for Team USA by placing 14th at the World Aquatics Championships in Doha.At first，he couldn’t believe he 9 the team.Meanwhile，watching from home，Robyn was 10 and cried “happy tears”．
The experience became even more 11 when a friend started a GoFundMe page in April to help fund Robyn’s trip to Paris to see her son 12 .The fundraising page collected over $31,000 to 13 the trip and her medical expenses.Robyn was very 14 for the support that helped her witness(见证) her son achieve his Olympic dreams.
In Paris，Robyn cheered for her son as he 15 in the 10-kilometer marathon for Team USA.This great mother deserved to witness the fruits of her efforts.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对母子Robyn和Ivan实现梦想的故事。
1．A.director B．partner
C．family D．coach
答案　D
解析　director导演；partner合伙人；family家庭；coach教练。根据上文“training him”可知，她是儿子的教练，故选D。
2．A.sight B．trust
C．control D．focus
答案　A
解析　sight视力；trust信任；control控制；focus聚焦。根据下文“in her right eye，which caused money problems and made them homeless”并结合常识可知，Robyn右眼失明，即失去了右眼的视力，家庭也因为为她治疗眼疾陷入困境。故选A。
3．A.turned over B．called up
C．worn out D．spoken of
答案　C
解析　turn over翻转；call up号召；wear out使疲惫不堪；speak of提及。根据下文“she had to decide between feeding her children and buying her medication”可知，Robyn的生活很艰难，故选C。
4．A.refused B．advised
C．agreed D．chose
答案　D
解析　refuse拒绝；advise建议；agree同意；choose选择。根据上文“she had to decide between feeding her children and buying her medication”及下文“saying she would do anything for them”可知，在喂养孩子和买自己的药之间，她选择了喂养孩子，故选D。
5．A.Regretfully B．Unexpectedly
C．Luckily D．Certainly
答案　C
解析　regretfully遗憾地；unexpectedly出乎意料地；luckily幸运地；certainly肯定地。根据下文“the family finally recovered”可知，家庭最终恢复了，所以是幸运地，故选C。
6．A.appeared B．continued
C．formed D．improved
答案　B
解析　appear出现；continue继续；form形成；improve改善。根据上文“the family finally recovered，but Robyn’s health problems”可知，虽然家庭恢复正常了，但Robyn的健康问题还在继续，故选B。
7．A.doubts B．challenges
C．instructions D．faults
答案　B
解析　doubt疑惑；challenge挑战；instruction指示；fault错误。根据上文“which caused money problems and made them homeless”及“but Robyn’s health problems”可知，他们经历了很多困难，这里表示即使有这些挑战，故选B。
8．A.game B．life
C．seat D．place
答案　D
解析　game游戏；life生活；seat座位；place位置，入学名额。根据下文“at the University of Southern California and going to college”可知，他获得了南加州大学的入学资格并去上学了，故选D。
9．A.picked B．discovered
C．made D．founded
答案　C
解析　pick采摘；discover发现；make制作，成为；found成立。根据上文“he qualified(取得资格) for the 2024 Olympics for Team USA”及下文“the team”可知，他不敢相信自己入选了国家队，make the team为固定短语，表示“成为队员”，故选C。
10．A.uneasy B．overjoyed
C．awkward D．perfect
答案　B
解析　uneasy不安的；overjoyed欣喜若狂的；awkward尴尬的；perfect完美的。结合下文“and cried ‘happy tears’”可知，儿子取得奥运会资格，母亲应该是非常高兴的，故选B。
11．A.amazing B．predictable
C．strange D．successful
答案　A
解析　amazing令人惊叹的；predictable可预测的；strange奇怪的；successful成功的。根据下文“when a friend started a GoFundMe page in April to help fund Robyn’s trip to Paris”可知，朋友发起筹款帮助Robyn去巴黎看儿子比赛可知，这个经历更加令人惊叹，故选A。
12．A.win B．prepare
C．compete D．train
答案　C
解析　win赢；prepare准备；compete竞争，比赛；train训练。根据下文“her son achieve his Olympic dreams”可知，她去巴黎看儿子比赛，故选C。
13．A.enjoy B．cover
C．plan D．start
答案　B
解析　enjoy享受；cover支付；plan计划；start开始。根据上文“to help fund Robyn’s trip to Paris”可知，筹款是为了支付她去巴黎的旅行和她的医疗费用，故选B。
14．A.thankful B．eager
C．ready D．responsible
答案　A
解析　thankful感恩的；eager热切的；ready准备就绪的；responsible有责任的。根据上文“the trip and her medical expenses”及下文“for the support that helped her witness(见证) her son achieve his Olympic dreams”可知，Robyn对帮助她的支持非常感激，故选A。
15．A.tried B．rode
C．ran D．swam
答案　D
解析　try尝试；ride骑；run跑步；swim游泳。根据上文“Ivan was an excellent student and swimmer”可知Ivan是游泳运动员，所以在奥运会上是游泳，故选D。(共76张PPT)
Period 2
Getting along with others
Unit 3
Welcome to the unit & Reading
—Language points
内容索引
Part 1　课文词块自查
Part 2　语言知识梳理
Part 3　基础达标检测
作业2
课文词块自查
1.友谊触礁 _____________________
2.愿意做某事 _________________
3.闲逛 __________
4.伤透某人的心 _________________
5.(使)恢复，补救，收拾残局 _________________
6.在社交媒体上 _______________
7.和……玩得开心 ______________
friendship on the rocks
be willing to do sth
hang out
break one’s heart
pick up the pieces
on social media
have fun with
8.对……作出回复/反应 ____________
9.不知所措，困惑 _________
10.有错，应承担责任 _____________
11.被……欺骗 ____________
12.放弃，摒弃；松手，放开 _________
respond to
at a loss
in the wrong
be tricked by
let go of
返 回
语言知识梳理
n.视野；视力；看见
[教材原句P30]Whether we’re walking to school，doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend，we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.
不论是去上学、做作业，还是周末出去玩儿，我们俩几乎形影不离。
[外研版]I was frightened at the sight of the test paper.
我一看到试卷就好害怕。
[人教版]I’ve heard that it is an amazing sight，and I can’t wait to go.
我听说兵马俑是一个令人惊奇的景点，我已经迫不及待了。
1
sight
out of one’s sight脱离某人的视线
lose sight of看不见
catch sight of看见
come into sight进入视野
at first sight乍一看；初次见到
at the sight of...一看见……
(1)____ the sight of the dark figure，they let out a cry.
(2)At the bus station，we waved goodbye to the expert until we lost sight ____ him.
At
of
(3)(读后续写之景物描写)当我们拐过最后一个弯时，这座山城映入眼帘。
The mountain town ________________ when we turned the last corner.
(4)当那个孩子终于看到那间小屋时，她的心开始狂跳起来。
When _____________________________ at last，her heart began to beat wildly.
写作佳句
came into sight
the child caught sight of the hut
能够出席；准时到达；获得成功
[教材原句P30]When I called her，she said she might not be able to make it to the cinema.
当我打电话给她时，她说她可能去不了电影院了。
2
make it
(1)I could hear voices but I could not make ______ what they were saying.
make out理解；(费力地)看出
make sense有道理，有意义
make up for弥补；偿还
make use of利用
make up one’s mind (to do sth)下决心(做某事)
out
(2)当你减肥时，均衡饮食是有道理的。
________________________________ when you lose weight.
(3)愧疚难当，她下决心做些什么来弥补她的过错。
Overcome by feelings of guilt，she _________________________
__________________________________.
写作佳句
It makes sense to eat a balanced diet
made up her mind to do
something to make up for her mistake
(4)(应用文写作之道歉信)很抱歉，因为一些意外情况我今晚不能去参加你的生日聚会了。
I’m sorry that I can’t _____________________________ this evening because of something unexpected.
make it to your birthday party
vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 vt.全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制(recovery n.恢复；复苏；痊愈)
recover
3
[教材原句P30]Instead of recovering at home，she was out having fun with someone else.
她并没有在家养病，而是在外边和别人玩得很开心。
[外研版]When I recovered from the shock，I looked at my camera.
当我从震惊中回过神来，我查看了相机。
·recover from...从……中恢复过来
recover oneself 镇定下来
·make a recovery from...从……中恢复过来
(1)It can take many years to recover _______ the death of a loved one.
(2)He didn’t recover _________ (he) until they sent him to the hospital.
(3)How we wish he would make a full _________ (recover) from the operation！
from
himself
recovery
(4)(应用文写作之慰问信)我真诚地希望你能早日康复，恢复正常。
I sincerely expect that ____________________________________
________ and return to normal.
写作佳句
you will make a quick recovery/recover
quickly
vt.& vi.评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为 n.法官；裁判员[ judg(e) ment n.判断力；意见，看法]
judge
4
[教材原句P31]Don’t be so quick to judge your friend.别这么快就评判你的朋友。
[人教版]Should we judge people based on how much money they have
我们应该根据人们有多少钱来评判他们吗？
·judge...by/from...根据……判断……
as far as I can judge据我判断
judging by/from...从……来判断
·in one’s judg(e)ment在某人看来
(1)As the old saying goes，“You can’t judge a book ________ its cover.”
(2)________(judge) from her blank face，she didn’t know what we were talking about.
by/from
Judging
(3)(2021·上海6月，书面表达)我认为，阅读和写作课程很适合你，因为你打算阅读书面文本并分享你的想法。
____________________________________，the Reading and Writing courses are fit for you，because you intend to read written texts and share your thoughts.
写作佳句
As far as I can judge/In my judg(e)ment
vi.道歉，谢罪(apology n.[ C] &[ U]道歉；歉意)
apologize
5
[教材原句P31]Perhaps she knows she’s in the wrong and wants to apologize，or maybe she has a simple explanation for her behaviour.
也许她知道自己错了，想要道歉，或者她也许会对自己的行为有一个简单的解释。
[外研版]Act out the conversation to apologize to a family member.
表演对话，向家人道歉。
·apologize to sb for (doing) sth 为(做)某事而向某人道歉
·owe sb an apology＝owe an apology to sb 应该向某人表示歉意
make an apology to sb (for...)(为……)向某人道歉
(1)I am writing to convey my sincere _________ (apologize) to you for my bad behaviour.
(2)I owe you _____ apology for the fact that I cannot keep my word.
apology
an
(3)(应用文写作之道歉信)我写信向你致歉因为我无法在周末和你一起去博物馆。
I’m writing _________________________________________ for not making it to the museum with you this weekend.
写作佳句
to apologize to you/to make an apology to you
无论如何，不管怎样(case n.具体情况，事例；案件；容器)
in any case
6
[教材原句P31]In any case，find an opportunity to have a full and frank talk with her.
无论如何，找个机会和她深入、坦诚地谈一谈。
[北师大版]The gloves and mouth guards also help，in case anything happens.
手套和护口器也有帮助，以防发生任何事情。
in that/this case既然那/这样；假使那样/这样的话
in case...(后跟句子)以防万一，以防
in case of如果，假使
in no case决不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
as is often the case这是常有的事
(1)____ is often the case，we misunderstand our friends，and finally our friendship is on the rocks.
As
(2)请明天再次提醒我关于开会的事，以防我忘了。
Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow ____________
_______.
(3)以防紧急情况发生，随身携带一个急救箱总是一个好主意。
It is always a good idea to keep an emergency kit at hand，____ _________________.
写作佳句
forget
in case I
in
case of emergency
(4)(话题写作之语言学习)我们将讨论英语初学者不能恰当地使用这一语言的情况。
We’ll discuss a case ______________________________________
_________________.
用法点拨　当case作先行词且在从句中作状语时，要用where引导定语从句。
where beginners of English fail to use the
language properly
引导让步状语从句
whether...or...
7
[教材原句P30]Whether we’re walking to school，doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend，we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.
不论是去上学、做作业，还是周末出去玩儿，我们俩几乎形影不离。
[结构分析]本句中whether...or...意为“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。
whether还可以引导名词性从句，常和or not连用，构成whether...or not结构，意为“是否……”。
(1)_________ happy or sad，she always tries to keep smiling.
Whether
(2)父母应该表扬孩子的努力，不管他们是成功还是失败。
Parents should praise their children’s efforts，_______________
_______________.
(3)(话题写作之环境保护)无论你是学生还是老师，都应该保持校园清洁。
_____________________________________，you should keep the campus clean.
(4)我不知道他是否能按时到达这里。
I don’t know _______________________________on time.
写作佳句
whether they
succeed or fail
Whether you are a student or a teacher
whether he can arrive here (or not)
返 回
基础达标检测
1.She at once _________________ (镇定下来) and stopped crying.
2.__________(摒弃) things you can’t change；sometimes it’s necessary to give up something.
3.He also ____________ (对……作出回应) email questions that are short and to the point.
4.There’s no point complaining now—we are leaving tomorrow ____________(不管怎样).
5.Feeling ________(不知所措)，he saw a notice online looking for volunteers to work in hospitals.
Ⅰ.短语填空
recovered herself
Let go of
responds to
in any case
at a loss
1.无论你喜欢还是不喜欢这项任务，你都必须准时完成它。
________________________________，you have to finish it on time.
2.从他们妈妈脸上的神情看，她一定很惊讶。
______________________________________ ，their mother must be very surprised.
3.我快要迟到了，但我想我还能在上午10点之前赶上会议。
I’m running late，but I think I can still ____________________ by 10 a.m.
Ⅱ.完成句子
返 回
Whether you like or dislike the task
Judging by/from the expression on her face
make it to the meeting
作业2
1.The teacher is ___ a loss how to teach the naughty boy.
2._________ (judge) from what he did，he must be a generous man.
3.You can depend on it that he knows how to respond ___ a challenge.
4.We all miss you very much and wish you a quick __________(recover).
5.In any case，I must apologize ____ you for taking your umbrella by mistake.
6.He enjoyed _________(chat) about the things with his friends on social media.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
at
Judging
recovery
to
to
chatting
7.After what seemed long hours，she finally let go ___ her anger and forgave him.
8.It is likely that you will suffer _______ bad health if you ignore the doctor’s advice.
9.All people，whether they are young ___ old，will benefit a lot from the new policy.
10.From my point of view，you will make ___ if you don’t lose heart and keep on trying.
of
from
or
it
1.玛丽和她最好的朋友的友谊濒临崩溃，这让她很痛苦。(which引导定语从句)
Mary’s friendship with her best friend was on the rocks，_____________
________________.
2.她不知道她是否应该放弃这段友谊。(whether...or...)
She was at a loss ___________________________________________.
Ⅱ.主题微写作
which made
her suffer a lot
whether she should let go of the friendship or not
3.她的妈妈告诉她，无论如何，她都应该和她的朋友坦诚地谈一谈。(that引导宾语从句)
Her mother told her _____________________________________________
___________.
4.她意识到她错了，她会向她的朋友道歉以挽救她们的友谊。(apologize)
She realized that she was in the wrong and __________________________
_____________________.
that in any case she should have a frank talk with
her friend
would apologize to her friend
to save their friendship
A
(2025·江苏常州高一上期中)
Relationships—romantic or not—are full of disappointment and frustration(沮丧).Even the most sincere friends will have differing opinions.Sometimes，our hearts break when our friends arrive.
语篇解读　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文论证虽然人们在社交关系中常遇到失望与沮丧，并通过艺术、科技等方式来规避这种情绪，但是人与人之间的关系是无与伦比的。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
Imagine this：you’ve just painted a picture you consider a great work，but the meaningful smile on your friends’ face upon seeing it tells you that，however highly they praise your painting，it is no masterpiece to them.
People have long sought ways to circumvent these frustrations with art or technology.An old Roman tale tells of a man who once made his ideal friend out of stone，which was later brought to life through his prayer and communicated only with him.Similarly，modern young people also refuse undesirable socializing by watching movies and surfing the Internet.
When I first began having conversations with ChatGPT，I wondered if I had found a new friend.The chatbot seemed able to discuss anything.We had discussion on countless topics and its conclusion mirrored my own thoughts in a way that made me think，“Yes，we’re on the same wavelength！”
As a friend，ChatGPT has qualities that a human friend could hardly match.It can offer a wealth of knowledge on any subject although sometimes it may repeat misinformation or make minor mistakes. Furthermore，it will never tell you that it is too busy or not in the mood to talk with you.
However，if we can not accept the frustrations brought by human friends，there is a great chance that we can’t really know ourselves，and thus we won’t really grow.How do you react when you realize that your painting is actually not a great one You won’t know unless you show it to someone and get a true answer.When you and a friend want to do different things，will you compromise or force your ideas on your friend ChatGPT won’t give you the responses you expect from a human friend.However enjoyable your discussions with it may be，the relationships you develop with your fellow humans have no equal.
1.What does the example in paragraph 1 show
A.The possibility of friends lying to you.
B.The difference in opinion between friends.
C.The difficulty in creating a great artwork.
D.The importance of seeking friends’ praise.
√
推理判断题。根据第一段第二句话以及“Imagine this：you’ve...no masterpiece to them.”可知，这个例子是在印证第二句：即使是最真诚的朋友之间也会有不同的看法，所以它展现了朋友间的观点分歧。 故选B。
解析
2.What does the underlined word “circumvent” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Experience. B.Face.
C.Avoid. D.Judge.
词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“People have long sought ways...these frustrations with art or technology.”并结合后面举的用石头制作理想的朋友、年轻人拒绝社交的例子可知，人们一直在寻求通过艺术或科技来避免这些令人沮丧的情绪，也就是避免第一段中所提及的朋友之间出现分歧的情况，画线词与C选项为同义词。 故选C。
解析
√
3.What makes ChatGPT seem like a good friend
A.It’s knowledgeable and like-minded.
B.It never makes a mistake in discussion.
C.It considers your painting a great work.
D.It allows you to know yourself and grow.
细节理解题。根据第三段第三句和第四段中“It can offer a wealth of knowledge on any subject”可知，ChatGPT之所以看起来像是一个好朋友，是因为它既知识渊博又与作者志同道合。故选A。
解析
√
4.What does the author want to say according to the text
A.Humans should avoid all social activities.
B.ChatGPT is the perfect friend for everyone.
C.There is no replacement for human friends.
D.Technology and art are better than friendship.
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However，if we cannot accept...we won’t really grow.”以及“However enjoyable your discussions...have no equal.”可知，尽管与ChatGPT的讨论可能很有趣，但与人类建立的关系是无与伦比的。因此，作者想要表达的是人类朋友是无可替代的。 故选C。
解析
√
B(此篇精读)
(2025·山东枣庄高一上期中)
When you are a kid，gaining a best friend forever can happen in a single play date.But when you grow up to be an adult，making and maintaining friendships gets harder.So how much quality time do you need before that stranger becomes your friend
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是研究发现一个成年人需要多长时间才能交到一个新朋友，并且建议要想发展成为朋友需要将这种关系带出工作场所。
A new study recently found that，on average，it takes about 50 hours with someone before you consider them a casual friend，about 90 hours before you become real friends，and about 200 hours to become close friends.
The study’s author Jeffrey Hall，a communications professor，invited adults who are eager to make friends to take part in two experiments—people who had just moved to a new city in the past six months and college freshmen.He asked them to rate and track the degree of closeness and time spent together with a new person.“Results suggest that the chance of changing from casual friend to real friend is greater than 50% after around 80－100 hours together，” said Hall.
The study found that the amount of time spent talking together，or the fact that you spent time at school or work with them，was unrelated to friendship closeness.“It is really easy to spend a lot of time with people as they are routinely in the same place at the same time as you，” Hall said.“However，my study shows you can have workmates you spend hundreds and hundreds of hours with and still not develop a friendship.”
You do not need to become best friends with your workmates to develop meaningful relationships with them.But for those of us hoping to change from “girl who I eat lunch at work with” to “friend I can depend on”，Hall suggests that you need to take the relationship out of the workplace for it to become a friendship.The participants who did activities outside of work with someone，such as being invited to have lunch in their home，were more likely to develop deeper relationships with them.
5.What is the new study mainly about
A.Different levels of friendship.
B.How long it takes to develop a friendship.
C.Why people need to make different friends.
D.Ways of making friends in a new environment.
√
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A new study recently found that，on average，it takes...become close friends.”可知，一项新研究发现与一个人相处大约50个小时能发展成普通朋友，相处大约90个小时能发展成真正的朋友，而相处大约200个小时能发展成亲密朋友。所以，该新研究主要是关于发展一段友谊需要多长时间。故选B项。
解析
6.What do we know about the participants in the study
A.They knew each other before.
B.They were in great need of friends.
C.They had difficulty in making new friends.
D.They started their new life in the same city.
√
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The study’s author Jeffrey Hall，a communications professor，invited adults who are eager to make friends to take part in...and college freshmen.”可知，这项研究的参与者都是渴望交朋友、很需要朋友的人。故选B项。
解析
7.What does the underlined word “routinely” probably mean in paragraph 3
A.Usually. B.Actively.
C.Seldom. D.Confidently.
词义猜测题。根据画线单词前的“It is really easy...with people as”可知，花很多时间与别人在一起很容易，且as前后为因果关系。联系画线词后的“in the same place at the same time as you”可知，这是因为他们通常和你同时在同一地点。由此可以推断，画线单词与A项“经常”意义相近。故选A项。
解析
√
8.Which can help people build deeper relationships with workmates according to Hall
A.Joining the same work team.
B.Having lunch at work with them.
C.Inviting them to your home after work.
D.Sharing work experience with each other.
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推理判断题。根据尾段中的“...Hall suggests that you need...being invited to have lunch in their home...relationships with them.”可知，Hall建议把与同事的关系拓展到工作场所之外，且他的研究结果也证明在下班之后邀请同事到你的家里有助于和他们建立更深的关系。故选C项。
解析
1.maintain v.维持；维修；保养
2.consider v.认为；考虑→considerate adj.考虑周到的，体贴的→consideration n.考虑；体贴
3.close adj.亲密的；紧密的 v.关闭；合上→closeness n.亲密；接近
4.relate v.联系，使有联系→related adj.相关的，有联系的→unrelated adj.无关的；不相关的
5.participate v.参加，参与→participation n.参加，参与→participant n.参加者，参与者
词汇积累
The participants who did activities outside of work with someone，such as being invited to have lunch in their home，were more likely to develop deeper relationships with them.
分析：who 引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词participants；主句为The participants were more likely to develop deeper relationships with them。
翻译：在工作之外与他人一起参加活动的参与者，比如被邀请到他们家里吃午饭，更有可能与他们建立更深的关系。
句式分析
A mother and her son，who were once homeless，achieved their Olympic dreams in Paris.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对母子Robyn和Ivan实现梦想的故事。
Ⅳ.完形填空
Ivan was an excellent student and swimmer，with his mother，Robyn，training him as his 1 .However，while Ivan was in high school，Robyn lost 2 in her right eye，which caused money problems and made them homeless.
1.A.director B.partner C.family D.coach
2.A.sight B.trust C.control D.focus
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1.director导演；partner合伙人；family家庭；coach教练。根据上文“training him”可知，她是儿子的教练，故选D。
2.sight视力；trust信任；control控制；focus聚焦。根据下文“in her right eye，which caused money problems and made them homeless”并结合常识可知，Robyn右眼失明，即失去了右眼的视力，家庭也因为为她治疗眼疾陷入困境。故选A。
解析
Robyn’s life was 3 and she had to decide between feeding her children and buying her medication.She 4 to feed her kids，saying she would do anything for them.
3.A.turned over B.called up C.worn out D.spoken of
4.A.refused B.advised C.agreed D.chose
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3.turn over翻转；call up号召；wear out使疲惫不堪；speak of提及。根据下文“she had to decide between feeding her children and buying her medication”可知，Robyn的生活很艰难，故选C。
4.refuse拒绝；advise建议；agree同意；choose选择。根据上文“she had to decide between feeding her children and buying her medication”及下文“saying she would do anything for them”可知，在喂养孩子和买自己的药之间，她选择了喂养孩子，故选D。
解析
Ivan said the next year and a half were difficult for them. 5 ，the family finally recovered，but Robyn’s health problems 6 .
5.A.Regretfully B.Unexpectedly C.Luckily D.Certainly
6.A.appeared B.continued C.formed D.improved
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5.regretfully遗憾地；unexpectedly出乎意料地；luckily幸运地；certainly肯定地。根据下文“the family finally recovered”可知，家庭最终恢复了，所以是幸运地，故选C。
6.appear出现；continue继续；form形成；improve改善。根据上文“the family finally recovered，but Robyn’s health problems”可知，虽然家庭恢复正常了，但Robyn的健康问题还在继续，故选B。
解析
Even with all the 7 ，Ivan excelled as a teenager，winning junior championships，earning a 8 at the University of Southern California and going to college.
7.A.doubts B.challenges C.instructions D.faults
8.A.game B.life C.seat D.place
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7.doubt疑惑；challenge挑战；instruction指示；fault错误。根据上文“which caused money problems and made them homeless”及“but Robyn’s health problems”可知，他们经历了很多困难，这里表示即使有这些挑战，故选B。
8.game游戏；life生活；seat座位；place位置，入学名额。根据下文“at the University of Southern California and going to college”可知，他获得了南加州大学的入学资格并去上学了，故选D。
解析
In February，he qualified(取得资格) for the 2024 Olympics for Team USA by placing 14th at the World Aquatics Championships in Doha.At first，he couldn’t believe he 9 the team.Meanwhile，watching from home，Robyn was 10 and cried “happy tears”.
9.A.picked B.discovered C.made D.founded
10.A.uneasy B.overjoyed C.awkward D.perfect
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9.pick采摘；discover发现；make制作，成为；found成立。根据上文“he qualified(取得资格) for the 2024 Olympics for Team USA”及下文“the team”可知，他不敢相信自己入选了国家队，make the team为固定短语，表示“成为队员”，故选C。
10.uneasy不安的；overjoyed欣喜若狂的；awkward尴尬的；perfect完美的。结合下文“and cried ‘happy tears’”可知，儿子取得奥运会资格，母亲应该是非常高兴的，故选B。
解析
The experience became even more 11 when a friend started a GoFundMe page in April to help fund Robyn’s trip to Paris to see her son 12 .
11.A.amazing B.predictable C.strange D.successful
12.A.win B.prepare C.compete D.train
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11.amazing令人惊叹的；predictable可预测的；strange奇怪的；successful成功的。根据下文“when a friend started a GoFundMe page in April to help fund Robyn’s trip to Paris”可知，朋友发起筹款帮助Robyn去巴黎看儿子比赛可知，这个经历更加令人惊叹，故选A。
12.win赢；prepare准备；compete竞争，比赛；train训练。根据下文“her son achieve his Olympic dreams”可知，她去巴黎看儿子比赛，故选C。
解析
The fundraising page collected over $31,000 to 13 the trip and her medical expenses.Robyn was very 14 for the support that helped her witness(见证) her son achieve his Olympic dreams.
13.A.enjoy B.cover C.plan D.start
14.A.thankful B.eager C.ready D.responsible
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13.enjoy享受；cover支付；plan计划；start开始。根据上文“to help fund Robyn’s trip to Paris”可知，筹款是为了支付她去巴黎的旅行和她的医疗费用，故选B。
14.thankful感恩的；eager热切的；ready准备就绪的；responsible有责任的。根据上文“the trip and her medical expenses”及下文“for the support that helped her witness(见证) her son achieve his Olympic dreams”可知，Robyn对帮助她的支持非常感激，故选A。
解析
In Paris，Robyn cheered for her son as he 15 in the 10-kilometer marathon for Team USA.This great mother deserved to witness the fruits of her efforts.
A.tried B.rode C.ran D.swam
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try尝试；ride骑；run跑步；swim游泳。根据上文“Ivan was an excellent student and swimmer”可知Ivan是游泳运动员，所以在奥运会上是游泳，故选D。
解析
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