资源简介

Period 2　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
1．不吃饭 skip meals
2．昏迷，失去知觉 pass out
3．被迅速送往医院 be rushed to hospital
4．完全康复 make a full recovery
5．做某事有困难 have trouble doing sth
6．借助极端的方法 turn to extreme methods
7．变苗条，减肥 slim down
8．对……担忧 be concerned about
9．副作用 side effect
10．对……有害 be harmful to
11．减肥 lose weight
12．保持均衡饮食 have a balanced diet
13．运转良好 function well
14．摄入，吸收 take in
15．作息规律 keep regular hours
16．保持精力旺盛、身体健康 stay energetic and fit
17．遵从这些生活方式的建议 follow these lifestyle tips
18．强身健体 get into shape
immediately adv.立即，马上 conj.一……就
[教材原句P44]Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately.医生发现珍妮弗的血糖已经低到了很危险的程度，于是马上对她进行治疗。
[外研版]I’ll join a beginner’s swimming class immediately.我得马上报个游泳入门班。
immediately conj.(＝as soon as) 一……就，后跟时间状语从句 一 ……就……
(1)More effective measures should be taken immediately(immediate) to protect wild animals and plants.
[写作佳句]　一句多译
(2)(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)一听说我的搭档正患重病，我就非常着急，急忙赶到医院，希望他能早日康复。
①Immediately/Instantly/Directly I heard that my partner was suffering from a serious illness，I was so anxious that I rushed to the hospital，hoping that he could recover soon.
②The moment /minute/instant I heard that my partner was suffering from a serious illness，I was so anxious that I rushed to the hospital，hoping that he could recover soon.
③On/Upon hearing that my partner was suffering from a serious illness，I was so anxious that I rushed to the hospital，hoping that he could recover soon.
concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注(concentration n．集中；专注 concentrated adj.浓缩的；集中的；全力以赴的)
[教材原句P45]She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.
她告诉我她在课堂上难以集中注意力。
[外研版]While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene，I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched.我正聚精会神地拍摄这惊人的景观，突然感觉有什么在盯着我。
concentrate on (doing) sth专心于(做)某事 concentrate (one’s mind/attention) on集中注意力于；致力于；专心于
(1)He concentrated his energy on studying(study) the history of Loulan.
(2)(2023·全国乙，书面表达)By learning how to make xiao long bao，I have been aware that concentration(concentrate) and patience do make a great difference to us.
[写作佳句]
(3)(2024·北京，应用文写作)如果你能把注意力集中在中国在过去75年里取得的经济增长和技术进步上，那将是一个好主意。
It would be a good idea if you could concentrate (your mind/attention) on the economic growth and technological advances that China has acquired over the past 75 years.
effect n．效果，作用；影响(effective adj.有效的；生效的)
[教材原句P45]They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.他们加大力度教育青少年有关快速减肥引起的不良反应。
[外研版]Then use the sentences to complete the “cause-effect” flow charts.
然后用这些句子来完成“因果”流程图。
take effect生效；奏效 come/go into effect生效 have an effect/influence/impact on对……有影响 bring/put...into effect实施；使生效 in effect实际上；事实上
(1)In effect，the government has decided to put/bring the project into effect.
[写作佳句]
(2)(应用文写作之倡议书)我呼吁我们学校采取有效措施创建低碳校园。我真诚地希望这些措施可以尽快生效。
I call on our school to take effective measures to build a low-carbon campus.I sincerely hope that the measures can take effect/come/go into effect/can be put/brought into effect as soon as possible.
(3)(2024·天津3月，应用文写作)既然你对科技如何影响中国人的生活感到好奇，我真诚地邀请你访问中国，亲身体验这些进步。
Now that you are curious about how technologies have an effect/influence/impact on the lives of Chinese people，I sincerely invite you to visit China and experience these advancements first-hand.
get into shape 强身健体
[教材原句P45]We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips，because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape.
我们强烈推荐所有青少年遵从这些生活方式的建议，因为好好生活是最健康、最有效的强身健体方式。
in good shape情况良好；健康状况良好 in bad shape情况不佳；健康状况不佳 get/keep/stay in shape保持健康 out of shape变形的；身体不好 in the shape of...呈……的形状
(1)I made my father a card in the shape of a heart to express my love.
(2)Working out regularly helps us get into shape and keep a slim figure.
多年来整天坐在办公室里，南希·琼斯感到身体不好。她决定是时候保持健康了。每天早上她都去慢跑，下班后参加瑜伽班。几周后，感觉好多了，精力更充沛了，她又恢复了健康。她的新日常生活证明，保持活跃是健康的关键。
After years of sitting in an office all day，Nancy Jones felt (3)out of shape/was (4)in bad shape.She decided it was time that she (5)got/kept/stayed in shape.Every morning she went jogging and she joined a yoga class after work. Within weeks，feeling much better and more energetic，she was (6)in good shape again.Her new routine proved that staying active was key to good health.
frightened adj.恐惧的，害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的(frighten vt.使吃惊；惊吓；吓唬 frightening adj.令人恐惧的，可怕的)
[教材原句P47]I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday.
上星期四我在医院醒来时非常害怕。
[外研版]I was frightened at the sight of the test paper.
我一看到试卷的时候好害怕。
·be frightened to do sth 不敢做某事；害怕做某事 be frightened of/that...害怕…… ·frighten sb into/out of doing sth 吓唬某人做/不做某事
(1)Walking alone in the dark forest was so frightening(frighten) as to make my hair stand on end.
(2)He conveys that nobody could frighten him into doing(do) something he doesn’t want to do.
(3)Because of her last terrible experience，she is frightened to skip(skip) meals to slim down.
[写作佳句]
(4)(读后续写之心理描写)他非常害怕，吓得两膝直哆嗦。
He was very frightened，so his knees knocked together.
→He was so frightened that his knees knocked together.(so...that...)
It＋be＋ adj.＋that...
[教材原句P45]However，for those who are dangerously overweight，it is very important that they try to lose weight properly.
不过，如果超重达到危险程度，尝试以适当方式减重是十分重要的。
[结构分析] 本句中who引导定语从句，修饰those；it充当形式主语，that引导主语从句，作真正的主语。
it作形式主语的常用结构有： ·It＋be＋形容词(possible，obvious，important，certain...)＋that从句 ·It＋be＋名词短语(a pity，a fact，a wonder，an honour，an idea，no wonder...)＋that从句 ·It＋be＋过去分词(said，thought，believed，suggested，reported...)＋that从句
(1)他已经花了大量的时间复习，所以他肯定会考得很好。
He has spent a large amount of time reviewing，so it is certain that he will do well in his exam.
(2)遗憾的是他失败了，辜负了父母的期望。
It’s a pity that he failed and didn’t live up to his parents’ expectations.
(3)众所周知，中国在太空探索方面取得了巨大成就。
It is known to all that China has made great achievements in space exploration.
[写作佳句]
(4)(2022·浙江6月，应用文写作)在这样一个房间里，我们可以做一些小组项目，分享我们的想法，这是很方便的。
It is convenient that we can do some group projects and share our thoughts in such a room.
Ⅰ.短语填空
1．Thirsty and hungry，the poor guy passed out(昏迷) in the street.
2．Concentrating on(专心于) things you can control is how you make good things happen.
3．Some people spend long hours on the app，which is harmful to(对……有害) their health.
4．For those who want to get into shape(强身健体)，rock climbing is a fun and effective way.
5．Television has an effect on(对……有影响) young people，which many teachers are concerned about.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．人们普遍认为读书可以丰富我们的思想。
It is widely believed that reading can enrich our minds.
2．我一走进教室，就看到了黑板上的那个句子。
Immediately I came into the classroom，I saw the sentence on the blackboard.
3．我很难适应新环境，这让我很焦虑。
I have trouble adapting to the new environment，which makes me very anxious.
作业2　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points
[分值：65分]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．The moment he heard the bad news，he got up immediately.
2．Liza was so frightened(frighten) that she couldn’t make a sound.
3．The students found it easy to take in what their teacher had taught.
4．The film finally proved to be(be) a success and it won several prizes.
5．The teenager seeks to use more effective(effect) ways to improve his English.
6．Doing physical exercise a couple of times a week makes me feel more energetic(energy)．
7．It is obvious that some old traditions and values are no longer treasured by the young people.
8．As far as I’m concerned(concern)，it is important for teenagers to have a balanced healthy diet and do sports regularly.
9．While we’re always using our brains，we’re not necessarily doing much to keep them in good shape.
10．An extremely(extreme) low body temperature can cause the heart to beat so slowly that a pulse may be difficult to find.
Ⅱ.主题微写作(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)
1．我的朋友玛丽经常感觉很累，对她来说集中精力学习很难。(It＋be＋adj.＋for sb＋to do)
My friend Mary often feels tired and it is difficult for her to concentrate on her studies.
2．事实证明，减肥药造成了她的疲劳。(It＋be＋过去分词＋that)
It is proved that weight-loss medicine contributes to her tiredness.
3．医生警告说，这种药对我们的健康有副作用。(that引导宾语从句)
The doctor warns that this kind of medicine has a side effect on our health.
4．立即停止使用极端的方法来保持身材是必要的。(动名词短语作主语)
Stopping using extreme methods to keep figure immediately is necessary.
5．此外，健康的饮食和规律的锻炼可以帮助我们强身健体。(get into shape)
In addition，a healthy diet and regular exercise can help us get into shape.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·湖南多校联考高一上期中)
Lack of sleep has been linked with some health problems.As a result，the National Sleep Foundation recommends that adults receive at least seven hours of shut-eye each night.Now，new research offers another reason to focus on nightly rest.According to results from Stockholm University，a few nights of fitful sleep can make you feel years older than you really are，while sleep with a consistent pattern in the same time and space can have the opposite effect，making you feel younger.
“Sleep has a main effect on how old you feel，and it’s not only your long-term sleep patterns，” says Balter，a co-author of the study.“Even when you only sleep less for two nights，that has a real effect on how you feel.” This feeling is known as “subjective age”．Previous studies have found that how old a person feels，both physically and mentally，may have a real effect on health and lifetime.
In the research，Balter and another sleep expert，John，first asked 429 people questions to check their past month of sleep.They found that with each day of bad sleep the average person had got in the past month，their “subjective age” increased by nearly three months.And those who had experienced no days of bad sleep said they felt an average of six years younger than their true age.Next，they ran an experiment in which 186 volunteers experienced two consistent nights of bad sleep—a sleep limited to four hours per night，or two consistent nights of good sleep—nine hours of enough sleep.Then，each volunteer described their “subjective age”．After two nights of limited sleep，the volunteers reported feeling an average of 4.4 years older than their true age，while those with two nights of enough sleep felt an average of three months younger.
“If you protect your sleep，you can feel younger，” Balter says.“We know those who feel younger than their actual age live healthier and longer，so try to develop good sleep habits.”
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了睡眠对人们主观年龄感知的影响及相关研究。
1．What does the underlined word “fitful” in paragraph 1 mean
A．Irregular. B．Unexpected.
C．Enough. D．Proper.
答案　A
解析　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“According to results...opposite effect，making you feel younger.”可知while表对比，其后面说“持续的睡眠会让人感觉更年轻”，那么，其前面说的应是“断断续续的睡眠会让人感觉变老”，由此可知画线词的意思是“断断续续的”，与A项“不规律的，紊乱的”意义相近。故选A。
2．What is the effect of sleeping less for two nights according to Balter
A．It improves people’s emotions.
B．It makes people feel much older.
C．It changes long-term sleep patterns.
D．It has no effect on “subjective age”．
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中Balter说的“Even when you only sleep less for two nights，that has a real effect on how you feel.”和第三段中的“They found that...by nearly three months.”可知，Balter认为两晚的睡眠不足也会让人感觉更老。故选B。
3．How did Balter and John carry out their research into sleep
A．By making assumptions.
B．By drawing comparisons.
C．By asking other experts.
D．By checking historical data.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In the research，Balter and...younger than their true age.”和最后一句“After two nights of limited sleep，the volunteers...while those with...felt an average of three months younger.”可知，Balter和John通过对比在过去一个月内睡眠充足和睡眠不足的人、连续两天睡眠充足和睡眠不足的志愿者对年龄的感知来进行研究，即Balter和John是通过对比来进行睡眠研究的。故选B。
4．What does Balter want to do in the last paragraph
A．Make a suggestion.
B．Make a complaint.
C．Show his actual age.
D．Show his personal habit.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“...so try to develop good sleep habits.”可知，Balter在最后一段想给人们提建议，即养成良好的睡眠习惯。故选A。
B(此篇精读)
(2025·浙江金砖高中联盟高一上期中)
As we age，the quality of our sleep experiences great changes，which are likely to increase our risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia(痴呆)．A recent study has shown how the loss of slow-wave sleep—a very important stage for brain health—related to an increased risk of developing dementia over time.
Slow-wave sleep，also known as deep sleep，is the third stage of the sleep cycle.It’s during this period that the brain experiences restorative processes(恢复过程)，including the clearance of the unwanted or materials that could make trouble，such as beta-amyloid protein.This protein is especially important for us to know about Alzheimer’s disease，the most common form of dementia.
In the study led by Matthew P．Pase，an associate professor of psychology and neurology at Monash University in Australia，researchers discovered that aging was related to a noticeable decrease in the amount of slow-wave sleep.Moreover，people experiencing greater declines in slow-wave sleep over time exhibited a higher risk of developing dementia over the next 17 years of follow-up.
Dr.Richard Isaacson，director of research at the Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases in Florida，stressed the importance of these findings.He highlighted that slow-wave sleep is considered the most restorative period for the brain.The study points up the importance of not just monitoring the total hours of sleep but also focusing on the quality of sleep to reduce the risk of cognitive(认知的) decline and dementia.
This research adds to the growing body of evidence suggesting that sleep quality plays an important role in maintaining cognitive health.As we continue to uncover the mysteries of sleep and its impact on the brain，actions aimed at improving sleep quality could possibly become a key factor in the prevention and management of dementia.
In conclusion，the study serves as a powerful reminder of the close connection between sleep and brain health.By highlighting sleep quality and seeking medical advice when experiencing sleep issues，people can take preventative steps towards safeguarding their cognitive well-being as they age.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了深度睡眠减少与老年人痴呆风险增加之间的联系，强调改善睡眠质量对预防认知衰退的重要性。
5．What is the main focus of the study mentioned in the passage
A．Aging and sleep quality in relation to neurodegenerative diseases.
B．The effectiveness of various sleep medications for slow-wave sleep.
C．The role of diet in preventing dementia and other cognitive problems.
D．The benefits of physical exercise for improving sleep quality in older adults.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段“As we age，the quality of our sleep...developing dementia over time.”和第三段“In the study...researchers discovered that aging was related to...developing dementia over the next 17 years of follow-up.”可知，根据该研究，衰老与深度睡眠的显著减少有关，而深度睡眠的减少与患神经退行性疾病(如痴呆)的风险增加有关，因此，该研究的重点是衰老和睡眠质量与神经退行性疾病之间的关系。故选A。
6．Which of the following factors may lead to dementia
A．High-quality sleep.
B．Harmful materials.
C．Beta-amyloid protein.
D．A large amount of sleep.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It’s during this period that...such as beta-amyloid protein.This protein is especially important for us to know about Alzheimer’s disease，the most common form of dementia.”可知，大脑在恢复过程会清除β-淀粉样蛋白，而β-淀粉样蛋白又是了解一种痴呆症的重要物质，可推知β-淀粉样蛋白可能是导致痴呆的因素之一。故选C。
7．What does the author suggest readers do
A．People should maintain a good living environment.
B．People should take measures to prevent the aging process.
C．People should be aware of the connection between sleep and brain well-being.
D．People should highlight seeking medical support as they notice health problems.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段“In conclusion，the study serves as...safeguarding their cognitive well-being as they age.”可推知，作者建议人们应当意识到睡眠与脑健康之间的联系，并及时处理睡眠问题以守护脑健康。故选C。
8．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．The Impact of Aging on Sleep Patterns
B．The Benefits of Deep Sleep for Brain Health
C．Highlighting Sleep Quality to Prevent Aging
D．Improving Sleep Quality to Guard Against Dementia
答案　D
解析　标题归纳题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段和最后一段可知，文章主要说明了研究发现衰老会影响睡眠质量进而增加痴呆风险，并建议通过改善睡眠质量来预防痴呆。因此，选项D “提高睡眠质量以预防痴呆”最能概括文章的主旨，是文章的最佳标题。故选D。
[词汇积累] 1．noticeable(派)＝notice＋able adj.明显的，显著的 2．decline n．衰退，衰落，减少，下降 vi.& vt.减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝 3．follow-up(合)＝follow＋up n．后续行动，后续事物 adj.进一步的 4．uncover(派)＝un＋cover v．揭开 5．conclusion n．结论，推论；结束，结果；签订，达成 [句式分析] It’s during this period that the brain experiences restorative processes，including the clearance of the unwanted or materials that could make trouble，such as beta-amyloid protein. 分析：It’s...that...是强调句型，第二个that引导限制性定语从句。 翻译：正是在这个阶段，大脑经历恢复过程，包括清除那些不想要的或者可能制造麻烦的物质，例如β-淀粉样蛋白。
Ⅳ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
It was a bitter winter morning in Kennewick，Washington.John Lunceford saw a crying child along his bus 1 to school.Tears rolled down the young boy’s cheeks as his bare hands and ears were 2 red because of the bitter cold.Lunceford took his 3 off，which he gave to the child，and said，“It’ll be OK.” “I’m a grandfather.No one wants a kid to 4 like that，” Lunceford said.His heart 5 because of the poor child，knowing the 6 winter was still lying ahead.
After 7 the kids at school，the three-year bus driver and former U．S.Army soldier went to the 8 to buy ten sets of gloves and hats.He returned to the 9 and determined to find the boy.A school worker 10 Lunceford to the library，where the boy was studying with his class.There Lunceford 11 the boy with a new pair of gloves and a hat.
But the little boy was just the 12 .Many other students would receive the 13 of their familiar bus driver.He announced to the students in the library that any child found without a hat or gloves along his bus route would be given a set.
One little girl 14 said she didn’t have a hat.As Lunceford 15 her a comfortable hat，he smiled and said，“I’ll take care of you，sweetie.”
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了公交车司机Lunceford在一个寒冷的早晨，看到一个男孩因没有手套和帽子，手和耳朵冻得通红，他先是把自己的手套给了男孩，然后把学生送到学校后，去商店购买手套和帽子分发给有需要的学生的感人故事。
1．A.chain B．route
C．trip D．duty
答案　B
解析　chain链条；route路线；trip旅行；duty义务。根据后文“to school”以及“along his bus route”可知，Lunceford在公交车行驶路线上看到了一个哭泣的孩子。故选B。
2．A.hardly B．simply
C．completely D．truly
答案　C
解析　hardly几乎不；simply仅仅；completely完全；truly真正。根据后文“because of the bitter cold”可知，因为严寒，男孩的手和耳朵都被完全冻红了。故选C。
3．A.gloves B．glasses
C．overcoat D．socks
答案　A
解析　glove手套；glasses眼镜；overcoat大衣；sock袜子。根据后文“buy ten sets of gloves and hats”可知，Lunceford买了手套和帽子，此时他是把自己的手套给了那个孩子。故选A。
4．A.work B．behave
C．wait D．suffer
答案　D
解析　work工作；behave表现；wait等待；suffer遭受。前文提到孩子的耳朵和手被冻红，可知此处是指遭受痛苦。故选D。
5．A.lost B．delivered
C．ached D．changed
答案　C
解析　lose丢失；deliver递，送；ache疼痛；change改变。根据前后文“His heart...because of the poor child”可知，Lunceford为那个可怜的孩子感到心痛。故选C。
6．A.latest B．coldest
C．hottest D．shortest
答案　B
解析　latest最新的；coldest最冷的；hottest最热的；shortest最短的。根据后文“winter was still lying ahead”可知，此处是指冬天最寒冷的时候还没到来。故选B。
7．A.setting off B．showing off
C．putting off D．dropping off
答案　D
解析　set off动身出发，燃放；show off炫耀；put off推迟；drop off放下，送到。根据后文“the kids at school”以及“the three-year bus driver”可知，此处是指把孩子送到学校，固定短语drop sb off意为“让某人下车”。故选D。
8．A.company B．store
C．park D．bank
答案　B
解析　company公司；store商店；park公园；bank银行。根据后文“buy ten sets of gloves and hats”可知，此处是去商店买手套和帽子。故选B。
9．A.home B．school
C．library D．station
答案　B
解析　home家；school学校；library图书馆；station车站。根据后文“and determined to find the boy.A school worker”可知，Lunceford买了东西后又回到学校，想找到刚才那个男孩。故选B。
10．A.attracted B．invited
C．followed D．guided
答案　D
解析　attract吸引；invite邀请；follow跟随；guide带领。根据后文“Lunceford to the library，where the boy was studying with his class”可知，一位学校工作人员带领Lunceford去图书馆。故选D。
11．A.disappointed B．annoyed
C．surprised D．charged
答案　C
解析　disappoint使失望；annoy使恼怒；surprise使惊奇；charge指责，控告。根据后文“the boy with a new pair of gloves and a hat”可知，Lunceford与男孩并不认识，却来给他送手套和帽子，所以这个男孩觉得惊讶。故选C。
12．A.beginning B．center
C．attention D．end
答案　A
解析　beginning开始；center中心；attention注意力；end结束。根据后文“Many other students would receive the”可知，还有其他的学生得到了帮助，男孩只是个开始。故选A。
13．A.comment B．prize
C．kindness D．challenge
答案　C
解析　comment评论；prize奖品；kindness善意；challenge挑战。根据语境可知，Lunceford给学生送帽子和手套，是一种善意。故选C。
14．A.jokingly B．obviously
C．finally D．immediately
答案　D
解析　jokingly开玩笑地；obviously显然；finally终于；immediately立即。根据前后文“One little girl said she didn’t have a hat.”可知，此处指女孩立即说自己没有帽子。故选D。
15．A.handed B．promised
C．made D．lent
答案　A
解析　hand递给；promise承诺；make制作；lend借给。根据后文“her a comfortable hat”可知，Lunceford递给女孩一顶舒适的帽子。故选A。(共72张PPT)
Period 2
Looking good，feeling good
Unit 4
Welcome to the unit & Reading
—Language points
内容索引
Part 1　课文词块自查
Part 2　语言知识梳理
Part 3　基础达标检测
作业2
课文词块自查
1.不吃饭 ___________
2.昏迷，失去知觉 _________
3.被迅速送往医院 ____________________
4.完全康复 ___________________
5.做某事有困难 _____________________
6.借助极端的方法 _______________________
7.变苗条，减肥 ___________
8.对……担忧 __________________
9.副作用 __________
skip meals
pass out
be rushed to hospital
make a full recovery
have trouble doing sth
turn to extreme methods
slim down
be concerned about
side effect
10.对……有害 _____________
11.减肥 ___________
12.保持均衡饮食 ___________________
13.运转良好 ____________
14.摄入，吸收 _______
15.作息规律 __________________
16.保持精力旺盛、身体健康 ___________________
17.遵从这些生活方式的建议 _______________________
18.强身健体 _____________
be harmful to
lose weight
have a balanced diet
function well
take in
keep regular hours
stay energetic and fit
follow these lifestyle tips
get into shape
返 回
语言知识梳理
adv.立即，马上 conj.一……就
[教材原句P44]Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately.医生发现珍妮弗的血糖已经低到了很危险的程度，于是马上对她进行治疗。
[外研版]I’ll join a beginner’s swimming class immediately.我得马上报个游泳入门班。
1
immediately
immediately conj.(＝as soon as)
一……就，后跟时间状语从句
一 ……就……
(1)More effective measures should be taken _____________(immediate) to protect wild animals and plants.
the instant/moment/minute＋(that)从句
instantly/immediately/directly＋(that)从句
on/upon doing...或on/upon＋名词
immediately
(2)(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)一听说我的搭档正患重病，我就非常着急，急忙赶到医院，希望他能早日康复。
①_____________________________________________________
____________________________，I was so anxious that I rushed to the hospital，hoping that he could recover soon.
写作佳句
Immediately/Instantly/Directly I heard that my partner was suffering from a serious illness
②_____________________________________________________
___________________________，I was so anxious that I rushed to the hospital，hoping that he could recover soon.
③_____________________________________________________
_____________，I was so anxious that I rushed to the hospital，hoping that he could recover soon.
The moment /minute/instant I heard that my partner was suffering from a serious illness
On/Upon hearing that my partner was suffering from a serious illness
2
vi.& vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注(concentration n.集中；专注 concentrated adj.浓缩的；集中的；全力以赴的)
[教材原句P45]She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.
她告诉我她在课堂上难以集中注意力。
[外研版]While I was concentrating on photographing this amazing scene，I suddenly had a feeling that I was being watched.我正聚精会神地拍摄这惊人的景观，突然感觉有什么在盯着我。
concentrate
(1)He concentrated his energy on __________(study) the history of Loulan.
(2)(2023·全国乙，书面表达)By learning how to make xiao long bao，I have been aware that _______________(concentrate) and patience do make a great difference to us.
concentrate on (doing) sth专心于(做)某事
concentrate (one’s mind/attention) on集中注意力于；致力于；专心于
studying
concentration
(3)(2024·北京，应用文写作)如果你能把注意力集中在中国在过去75年里取得的经济增长和技术进步上，那将是一个好主意。
It would be a good idea if _________________________________
_______________________________ and technological advances that China has acquired over the past 75 years.
写作佳句
you could concentrate (your mind/
attention) on the economic growth
n.效果，作用；影响(effective adj.有效的；生效的)
effect
3
[教材原句P45]They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.他们加大力度教育青少年有关快速减肥引起的不良反应。
[外研版]Then use the sentences to complete the “cause-effect” flow charts.
然后用这些句子来完成“因果”流程图。
take effect生效；奏效
come/go into effect生效
have an effect/influence/impact on对……有影响
bring/put...into effect实施；使生效
in effect实际上；事实上
(1)____ effect，the government has decided to put/bring the project ____ effect.
In
into
(2)(应用文写作之倡议书)我呼吁我们学校采取有效措施创建低碳校园。我真诚地希望这些措施可以尽快生效。
I call on our school to ____________________ to build a low-carbon campus.I sincerely hope that the measures ____________
_______________________________________________________________.
写作佳句
can take effect
/come/go into effect/can be put/brought into effect as soon as possible
take effective measures
(3)(2024·天津3月，应用文写作)既然你对科技如何影响中国人的生活感到好奇，我真诚地邀请你访问中国，亲身体验这些进步。
Now that you are curious about how technologies ____________
__________________________________________，I sincerely invite you to visit China and experience these advancements first-hand.
have an effect
/influence/impact on the lives of Chinese people
强身健体
get into shape
4
[教材原句P45]We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips，because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape.
我们强烈推荐所有青少年遵从这些生活方式的建议，因为好好生活是最健康、最有效的强身健体方式。
in good shape情况良好；健康状况良好
in bad shape情况不佳；健康状况不佳
get/keep/stay in shape保持健康
out of shape变形的；身体不好
in the shape of...呈……的形状
(1)I made my father a card in _____ shape of a heart to express my love.
(2)Working out regularly helps us get ______ shape and keep a slim figure.
the
into
多年来整天坐在办公室里，南希·琼斯感到身体不好。她决定是时候保持健康了。每天早上她都去慢跑，下班后参加瑜伽班。几周后，感觉好多了，精力更充沛了，她又恢复了健康。她的新日常生活证明，保持活跃是健康的关键。
After years of sitting in an office all day，Nancy Jones felt (3)______
______ /was (4)____________.She decided it was time that she (5)_______
___________________.Every morning she went jogging and she joined a yoga class after work. Within weeks，feeling much better and more energetic，she was (6)_____________ again.Her new routine proved that staying active was key to good health.
out of
shape
in bad shape
got/
kept/stayed in shape
in good shape
5
adj.恐惧的，害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的(frighten vt.使吃惊；惊吓；吓唬 frightening adj.令人恐惧的，可怕的)
frightened
[教材原句P47]I was very frightened when I woke up in hospital last Thursday.
上星期四我在医院醒来时非常害怕。
[外研版]I was frightened at the sight of the test paper.
我一看到试卷的时候好害怕。
·be frightened to do sth 不敢做某事；害怕做某事
be frightened of/that...害怕……
·frighten sb into/out of doing sth 吓唬某人做/不做某事
(1)Walking alone in the dark forest was so ____________(frighten) as to make my hair stand on end.
(2)He conveys that nobody could frighten him into ______ (do) something he doesn’t want to do.
(3)Because of her last terrible experience，she is frightened _______(skip) meals to slim down.
frightening
doing
to skip
(4)(读后续写之心理描写)他非常害怕，吓得两膝直哆嗦。
_____________________，so his knees knocked together.
→________________________ his knees knocked together. (so... that...)
写作佳句
He was very frightened
He was so frightened that
It＋be＋adj.＋that...
6
[教材原句P45]However，for those who are dangerously overweight，it is very important that they try to lose weight properly.
不过，如果超重达到危险程度，尝试以适当方式减重是十分重要的。
[结构分析] 本句中who引导定语从句，修饰those；it充当形式主语，that引导主语从句，作真正的主语。
it作形式主语的常用结构有：
·It＋be＋形容词(possible，obvious，important，certain...)＋that从句
·It＋be＋名词短语(a pity，a fact，a wonder，an honour，an idea，no
wonder...)＋that从句
·It＋be＋过去分词(said，thought，believed，suggested，reported...)＋
that从句
(1)他已经花了大量的时间复习，所以他肯定会考得很好。
He has spent a large amount of time reviewing，so _______________ he will do well in his exam.
(2)遗憾的是他失败了，辜负了父母的期望。
______________________ and didn’t live up to his parents’ expectations.
(3)众所周知，中国在太空探索方面取得了巨大成就。
____________________ China has made great achievements in space exploration.
it is certain that
It’s a pity that he failed
It is known to all that
(4)(2022·浙江6月，应用文写作)在这样一个房间里，我们可以做一些小组项目，分享我们的想法，这是很方便的。
___________________ we can do some group projects and share our thoughts in such a room.
写作佳句
It is convenient that
返 回
基础达标检测
1.Thirsty and hungry，the poor guy ___________ (昏迷) in the street.
2._________________ (专心于) things you can control is how you make good things happen.
3.Some people spend long hours on the app，which ______________ (对……有害) their health.
4.For those who want to _______________ (强身健体)，rock climbing is a fun and effective way.
5.Television ________________(对……有影响) young people，which many teachers are concerned about.
Ⅰ.短语填空
passed out
Concentrating on
is harmful to
get into shape
has an effect on
1.人们普遍认为读书可以丰富我们的思想。
_______________________ reading can enrich our minds.
2.我一走进教室，就看到了黑板上的那个句子。
___________________________________，I saw the sentence on the blackboard.
3.我很难适应新环境，这让我很焦虑。
I _________________________________________，which makes me very anxious.
Ⅱ.完成句子
返 回
It is widely believed that
Immediately I came into the classroom
have trouble adapting to the new environment
作业2
1.____ moment he heard the bad news，he got up immediately.
2.Liza was so ___________(frighten) that she couldn’t make a sound.
3.The students found it easy to take ____ what their teacher had taught.
4.The film finally proved _______ (be) a success and it won several prizes.
5.The teenager seeks to use more _________ (effect) ways to improve his English.
6.Doing physical exercise a couple of times a week makes me feel more _________(energy).
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
The
frightened
in
to be
effective
energetic
7.___ is obvious that some old traditions and values are no longer treasured by the young people.
8.As far as I’m ___________(concern)，it is important for teenagers to have a balanced healthy diet and do sports regularly.
9.While we’re always using our brains，we’re not necessarily doing much to keep them ____ good shape.
10.An ___________(extreme) low body temperature can cause the heart to beat so slowly that a pulse may be difficult to find.
It
concerned
in
extremely
1.我的朋友玛丽经常感觉很累，对她来说集中精力学习很难。(It＋be＋adj.＋for sb＋to do)
My friend Mary often feels tired and _______________________________
______________.
2.事实证明，减肥药造成了她的疲劳。(It＋be＋过去分词＋that)
____________ that weight-loss medicine contributes to her tiredness.
Ⅱ.主题微写作
it is difficult for her to concentrate
on her studies
It is proved
3.医生警告说，这种药对我们的健康有副作用。(that引导宾语从句)
The doctor warns _______________________________________________.
4.立即停止使用极端的方法来保持身材是必要的。(动名词短语作主语)
____________________________________________________ is necessary.
5.此外，健康的饮食和规律的锻炼可以帮助我们强身健体。(get into shape)
In addition，a healthy diet and regular exercise ______________________.
that this kind of medicine has a side effect on our health
Stopping using extreme methods to keep figure immediately
can help us get into shape
A
(2025·湖南多校联考高一上期中)
Lack of sleep has been linked with some health problems.As a result，the National Sleep Foundation recommends that adults receive at least seven hours of shut-eye each night.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了睡眠对人们主观年龄感知的影响及相关研究。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
Now，new research offers another reason to focus on nightly rest. According to results from Stockholm University，a few nights of fitful sleep can make you feel years older than you really are，while sleep with a consistent pattern in the same time and space can have the opposite effect，making you feel younger.
“Sleep has a main effect on how old you feel，and it’s not only your long-term sleep patterns，” says Balter，a co-author of the study.“Even when you only sleep less for two nights，that has a real effect on how you feel.” This feeling is known as “subjective age”.Previous studies have found that how old a person feels，both physically and mentally，may have a real effect on health and lifetime.
In the research，Balter and another sleep expert，John，first asked 429 people questions to check their past month of sleep.They found that with each day of bad sleep the average person had got in the past month，their “subjective age” increased by nearly three months.And those who had experienced no days of bad sleep said they felt an average of six years younger than their true age.
Next，they ran an experiment in which 186 volunteers experienced two consistent nights of bad sleep—a sleep limited to four hours per night，or two consistent nights of good sleep—nine hours of enough sleep.Then，each volunteer described their “subjective age”.After two nights of limited sleep，the volunteers reported feeling an average of 4.4 years older than their true age，while those with two nights of enough sleep felt an average of three months younger.
“If you protect your sleep，you can feel younger，” Balter says.“We know those who feel younger than their actual age live healthier and longer，so try to develop good sleep habits.”
1.What does the underlined word “fitful” in paragraph 1 mean
A.Irregular. B.Unexpected.
C.Enough. D.Proper.
√
词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“According to results...opposite effect，making you feel younger.”可知while表对比，其后面说“持续的睡眠会让人感觉更年轻”，那么，其前面说的应是“断断续续的睡眠会让人感觉变老”，由此可知画线词的意思是“断断续续的”，与A项“不规律的，紊乱的”意义相近。故选A。
解析
2.What is the effect of sleeping less for two nights according to Balter
A.It improves people’s emotions.
B.It makes people feel much older.
C.It changes long-term sleep patterns.
D.It has no effect on “subjective age”.
细节理解题。根据第二段中Balter说的“Even when you only sleep less for two nights，that has a real effect on how you feel.”和第三段中的“They found that...by nearly three months.”可知，Balter认为两晚的睡眠不足也会让人感觉更老。故选B。
解析
√
3.How did Balter and John carry out their research into sleep
A.By making assumptions. B.By drawing comparisons.
C.By asking other experts. D.By checking historical data.
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In the research，Balter and...younger than their true age.”和最后一句“After two nights of limited sleep，the volunteers...while those with...felt an average of three months younger.”可知，Balter和John通过对比在过去一个月内睡眠充足和睡眠不足的人、连续两天睡眠充足和睡眠不足的志愿者对年龄的感知来进行研究，即Balter和John是通过对比来进行睡眠研究的。故选B。
解析
√
4.What does Balter want to do in the last paragraph
A.Make a suggestion.
B.Make a complaint.
C.Show his actual age.
D.Show his personal habit.
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“...so try to develop good sleep habits.”可知，Balter在最后一段想给人们提建议，即养成良好的睡眠习惯。故选A。
解析
√
B(此篇精读)
(2025·浙江金砖高中联盟高一上期中)
As we age，the quality of our sleep experiences great changes，which are likely to increase our risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia(痴呆).A recent study has shown how the loss of slow-wave sleep—a very important stage for brain health—related to an increased risk of developing dementia over time.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了深度睡眠减少与老年人痴呆风险增加之间的联系，强调改善睡眠质量对预防认知衰退的重要性。
Slow-wave sleep，also known as deep sleep，is the third stage of the sleep cycle.It’s during this period that the brain experiences restorative processes(恢复过程)，including the clearance of the unwanted or materials that could make trouble，such as beta-amyloid protein.This protein is especially important for us to know about Alzheimer’s disease，the most common form of dementia.
In the study led by Matthew P.Pase，an associate professor of psychology and neurology at Monash University in Australia，researchers discovered that aging was related to a noticeable decrease in the amount of slow-wave sleep.Moreover，people experiencing greater declines in slow-wave sleep over time exhibited a higher risk of developing dementia over the next 17 years of follow-up.
Dr.Richard Isaacson，director of research at the Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases in Florida，stressed the importance of these findings.He highlighted that slow-wave sleep is considered the most restorative period for the brain.The study points up the importance of not just monitoring the total hours of sleep but also focusing on the quality of sleep to reduce the risk of cognitive(认知的) decline and dementia.
This research adds to the growing body of evidence suggesting that sleep quality plays an important role in maintaining cognitive health.As we continue to uncover the mysteries of sleep and its impact on the brain，actions aimed at improving sleep quality could possibly become a key factor in the prevention and management of dementia.
In conclusion，the study serves as a powerful reminder of the close connection between sleep and brain health.By highlighting sleep quality and seeking medical advice when experiencing sleep issues，people can take preventative steps towards safeguarding their cognitive well-being as they age.
5.What is the main focus of the study mentioned in the passage
A.Aging and sleep quality in relation to neurodegenerative diseases.
B.The effectiveness of various sleep medications for slow-wave sleep.
C.The role of diet in preventing dementia and other cognitive problems.
D.The benefits of physical exercise for improving sleep quality in older
adults.
√
细节理解题。根据第一段“As we age，the quality of our sleep... developing dementia over time.”和第三段“In the study...researchers discovered that aging was related to...developing dementia over the next 17 years of follow-up.”可知，根据该研究，衰老与深度睡眠的显著减少有关，而深度睡眠的减少与患神经退行性疾病(如痴呆)的风险增加有关，因此，该研究的重点是衰老和睡眠质量与神经退行性疾病之间的关系。故选A。
解析
6.Which of the following factors may lead to dementia
A.High-quality sleep. B.Harmful materials.
C.Beta-amyloid protein. D.A large amount of sleep.
√
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It’s during this period that...such as beta-amyloid protein.This protein is especially important for us to know about Alzheimer’s disease，the most common form of dementia.”可知，大脑在恢复过程会清除β-淀粉样蛋白，而β-淀粉样蛋白又是了解一种痴呆症的重要物质，可推知β-淀粉样蛋白可能是导致痴呆的因素之一。故选C。
解析
7.What does the author suggest readers do
A.People should maintain a good living environment.
B.People should take measures to prevent the aging process.
C.People should be aware of the connection between sleep and brain well-being.
D.People should highlight seeking medical support as they notice health
problems.
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In conclusion，the study serves as... safeguarding their cognitive well-being as they age.”可推知，作者建议人们应当意识到睡眠与脑健康之间的联系，并及时处理睡眠问题以守护脑健康。故选C。
解析
√
8.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.The Impact of Aging on Sleep Patterns
B.The Benefits of Deep Sleep for Brain Health
C.Highlighting Sleep Quality to Prevent Aging
D.Improving Sleep Quality to Guard Against Dementia
√
标题归纳题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段和最后一段可知，文章主要说明了研究发现衰老会影响睡眠质量进而增加痴呆风险，并建议通过改善睡眠质量来预防痴呆。因此，选项D “提高睡眠质量以预防痴呆”最能概括文章的主旨，是文章的最佳标题。故选D。
解析
1.noticeable(派)＝notice＋able adj.明显的，显著的
2.decline n.衰退，衰落，减少，下降 vi.& vt.减少，下降，衰退，衰落；谢绝
3.follow-up(合)＝follow＋up n.后续行动，后续事物 adj.进一步的
4.uncover(派)＝un＋cover v.揭开
5.conclusion n.结论，推论；结束，结果；签订，达成
词汇积累
It’s during this period that the brain experiences restorative processes，including the clearance of the unwanted or materials that could make trouble，such as beta-amyloid protein.
分析：It’s...that...是强调句型，第二个that引导限制性定语从句。
翻译：正是在这个阶段，大脑经历恢复过程，包括清除那些不想要的或者可能制造麻烦的物质，例如β-淀粉样蛋白。
句式分析
It was a bitter winter morning in Kennewick，Washington.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了公交车司机Lunceford在一个寒冷的早晨，看到一个男孩因没有手套和帽子，手和耳朵冻得通红，他先是把自己的手套给了男孩，然后把学生送到学校后，去商店购买手套和帽子分发给有需要的学生的感人故事。
Ⅳ.完形填空
John Lunceford saw a crying child along his bus 1 to school.Tears rolled down the young boy’s cheeks as his bare hands and ears were 2 red because of the bitter cold.Lunceford took his 3 off，which he gave to the child，and said，“It’ll be OK.”
1.A.chain B.route C.trip D.duty
2.A.hardly B.simply C.completely D.truly
3.A.gloves B.glasses C.overcoat D.socks
√
√
√
1.chain链条；route路线；trip旅行；duty义务。根据后文“to school”以及“along his bus route”可知，Lunceford在公交车行驶路线上看到了一个哭泣的孩子。故选B。
2.hardly几乎不；simply仅仅；completely完全；truly真正。根据后文“because of the bitter cold”可知，因为严寒，男孩的手和耳朵都被完全冻红了。故选C。
3.glove手套；glasses眼镜；overcoat大衣；sock袜子。根据后文“buy ten sets of gloves and hats”可知，Lunceford买了手套和帽子，此时他是把自己的手套给了那个孩子。故选A。
解析
“I’m a grandfather.No one wants a kid to 4 like that，” Lunceford said.His heart 5 because of the poor child，knowing the 6 winter was still lying ahead.
4.A.work B.behave C.wait D.suffer
5.A.lost B.delivered C.ached D.changed
6.A.latest B.coldest C.hottest D.shortest
√
√
√
4.work工作；behave表现；wait等待；suffer遭受。前文提到孩子的耳朵和手被冻红，可知此处是指遭受痛苦。故选D。
5.lose丢失；deliver递，送；ache疼痛；change改变。根据前后文“His heart...because of the poor child”可知，Lunceford为那个可怜的孩子感到心痛。故选C。
6.latest最新的；coldest最冷的；hottest最热的；shortest最短的。根据后文“winter was still lying ahead”可知，此处是指冬天最寒冷的时候还没到来。故选B。
解析
After 7 the kids at school，the three-year bus driver and former U.S.Army soldier went to the 8 to buy ten sets of gloves and hats.He returned to the 9 and determined to find the boy.
7.A.setting off B.showing off C.putting off D.dropping off
8.A.company B.store C.park D.bank
9.A.home B.school C.library D.station
√
√
√
7.set off动身出发，燃放；show off炫耀；put off推迟；drop off放下，送到。根据后文“the kids at school”以及“the three-year bus driver”可知，此处是指把孩子送到学校，固定短语drop sb off意为“让某人下车”。故选D。
8.company公司；store商店；park公园；bank银行。根据后文“buy ten sets of gloves and hats”可知，此处是去商店买手套和帽子。故选B。
9.home家；school学校；library图书馆；station车站。根据后文“and determined to find the boy.A school worker”可知，Lunceford买了东西后又回到学校，想找到刚才那个男孩。故选B。
解析
A school worker 10 Lunceford to the library，where the boy was studying with his class.There Lunceford 11 the boy with a new pair of gloves and a hat.
10.A.attracted B.invited C.followed D.guided
11.A.disappointed B.annoyed C.surprised D.charged
√
√
10.attract吸引；invite邀请；follow跟随；guide带领。根据后文“Lunceford to the library，where the boy was studying with his class”可知，一位学校工作人员带领Lunceford去图书馆。故选D。
11.disappoint使失望；annoy使恼怒；surprise使惊奇；charge指责，控告。根据后文“the boy with a new pair of gloves and a hat”可知，Lunceford与男孩并不认识，却来给他送手套和帽子，所以这个男孩觉得惊讶。故选C。
解析
But the little boy was just the 12 .Many other students would receive the 13 of their familiar bus driver.He announced to the students in the library that any child found without a hat or gloves along his bus route would be given a set.
12.A.beginning B.center C.attention D.end
13.A.comment B.prize C.kindness D.challenge
√
√
12.beginning开始；center中心；attention注意力；end结束。根据后文“Many other students would receive the”可知，还有其他的学生得到了帮助，男孩只是个开始。故选A。
ment评论；prize奖品；kindness善意；challenge挑战。根据语境可知，Lunceford给学生送帽子和手套，是一种善意。故选C。
解析
One little girl 14 said she didn’t have a hat.As Lunceford 15 her a comfortable hat，he smiled and said，“I’ll take care of you，sweetie.”
14.A.jokingly B.obviously C.finally D.immediately
15.A.handed B.promised C.made D.lent
√
√
14.jokingly开玩笑地；obviously显然；finally终于；immediately立即。根据前后文“One little girl said she didn’t have a hat.”可知，此处指女孩立即说自己没有帽子。故选D。
15.hand递给；promise承诺；make制作；lend借给。根据后文“her a comfortable hat”可知，Lunceford递给女孩一顶舒适的帽子。故选A。
解析
返 回
本课结束

展开更多......

收起↑