资源简介

Period 3　Discovering Useful Structures
阅读以下短文，感知加黑部分，并完成练习
①Observed on the first day of the first month in the Chinese lunar calendar，Chinese Lunar New Year，also ②called the Spring Festival，is well received by all the Chinese people all over the world.At the Spring Festival，most people have big meals ③cooked by themselves and chat with family members，while others may take a trip to visit their friends or to spend their long holiday.Besides，people will say “Happy New Year” to express good wishes for the coming new year.It is also a children’s festival.They become very ④excited because they can get lucky money in a red packet.
1.①为过去分词短语作状语；
2．②③为过去分词短语作后置定语；
3．④为过去分词作表语。
过去分词作表语和状语
一、过去分词作表语
1．过去分词跟在be，get，feel，remain，seem，look，become等系动词之后作表语，表示主语的特点或所处的状态。
Tom felt relaxed when he was sitting on the sofa and listening to soft music.
当汤姆坐在沙发上听轻音乐时，他感到很放松。
Although the little girl was frightened，she answered in a calm voice.
虽然小女孩很害怕，但她还是用平静的声音回答。
2．过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别
过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。这一结构从形式上与被动语态相同，但被动语态强调主语所承受的动作。试比较：
The book is well written.
这本书写得好。
The book was written by a soldier.
这本书是由一位士兵写的。
3．形容词化的分词
英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来指人、人的声音、笑容或表情等。常用的这类词有：
His words were discouraging，which made many people discouraged.
他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。
The man standing there looks frightening，and the little boy is frightened.站在那里的那个人看起来很可怕，那个小男孩很害怕。
The news was exciting and we were excited the whole night.
这则消息令人激动，我们激动了整整一晚上。
[即时训练1]　单句语法填空
①He was too tired(tire) to walk any further，and thus，he stopped to have a rest.
②When I heard the moving story，I was deeply moved.(move)
③Jack was more surprised(surprise) than disappointed(disappoint) at this piece of news.
④ After watching the inspiring film，I felt inspired.(inspire)
二、过去分词(短语)作状语
1．语法意义
过去分词作状语表示被动或完成，其逻辑主语为句子的主语，且与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
2．句法功能
(1)过去分词作时间状语，在句中相当于一个时间状语从句。
Looked at(＝When it is looked at) from a distance，the painting seems much more beautiful.从远处看，这幅画似乎美多了。
Asked about his address(＝When he was asked about his address)，the little boy didn’t respond.被问及他的地址时，小男孩没有作答。
(2)过去分词作原因状语，在句中相当于一个原因状语从句。
Absorbed in painting(＝Because he was absorbed in painting)，John didn’t notice evening approaching.
约翰全神贯注地画画，没有注意到天黑了。
Annoyed at the decision(＝As he was annoyed at the decision)，he refused to attend the meeting.
由于对这个决定很生气，他拒绝参加会议。
(3)过去分词作条件状语，在句中相当于一个条件状语从句。
Given more time(＝If they were given more time)，the trees could grow taller.
如果再多给一点时间，这些树会长得更高。
Heated to a high temperature(＝If it is heated to a high temperature)，water will change into vapor.如果被加热到很高的温度，水就能变成蒸气。
(4)过去分词作让步状语，在句中相当于一个让步状语从句。
Left (＝Although he was left) alone at home，John didn’t feel afraid at all.
虽然约翰被单独留在家里，但他一点都不害怕。
(5)过去分词作方式、伴随状语，在句中相当于一个并列的分句。
Followed by a group of students，the teacher entered the classroom.
＝The teacher entered the classroom and he/she was followed by a group of students.
老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。
The patient got off the bed，supported by the nurse.
＝The patient got off the bed，and he/she was supported by the nurse.
那个病人在护士的搀扶下下了床。
3．过去分词作状语的位置
过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语，后面有逗号与主句隔开；也可放在主句后面，前面有逗号与主句隔开。
He stood there silently，moved to tears.
＝Moved to tears，he stood there silently.
他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。
点津　(1)过去分词(短语)作状语时，前面有时可以加上when，if，while，though，even if，until，unless等连词，这种结构可以看作状语从句的省略形式(省略部分多为“主语＋be的多种形式”)。需要注意的是，省略的主语必须和主句的主语相同或是it。
Even if invited(＝Even if I’m invited)，I won’t attend the party.
即使受到邀请，我也不会参加这场聚会的。
(2)部分过去分词(短语)来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动关系，常见的有seated(坐着的)，hidden(躲着)，lost/absorbed in(全神贯注；沉浸于)，dressed in(穿着)，tired of(厌烦)等。
Lost/Absorbed in deep thought，she didn’t hear the sound.由于陷入沉思，所以她没有听到那个声音。
Dressed in a new dress，she looks very beautiful.穿着一件新衣服，她看上去很漂亮。
[即时训练2] 　单句语法填空
①Raised(raise) in the poorest village，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.
②Children，when accompanied(accompany) by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.
③Founded(found) in the early 20th century，the school sticks to inspiring children’s love of art.
④Used(use) over and over again，the tool was finally broken.
⑤Determined(determine) to achieve his goal，he studies harder than before.
⑥When asked(ask) about the embarrassing problem，I didn’t know how to hide my embarrassment.
三、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别
过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。
[巧学助记]　分词作状语记忆口诀
分词作状语，主语是问题。
前后两动作，共用一主语。
主语找出后，再来判关系。
主动用-ing，被动用-ed。
Used for a long time，the book looks old.
由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。
Using the book，I find it very useful.
在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。
点津　无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。
If caught，the police will punish the thief.(×)
If caught，the thief will be punished by the police.(√)
If the thief is caught，the police will punish him/her.(√)
[即时训练3]　单句语法填空
①When I was little，my mother used to sit by my bed，telling(tell) me stories till I fell asleep.
②—Where is Jimmy
—Just now he was seen sitting under the tree，absorbed(absorb) in his video games.
③Written(write) in a hurry，this article was not so good.
④Reading(read) carefully，he found something he hadn’t known before.
完成句子
1．如果你对此感兴趣，请告知我，我会给你发送更多信息。
If you are interested in it，please let me know and I’ll send you more information.
2．我太激动了，迫不及待地想穿上它们。
I was so excited that I couldn’t wait to put them on.
3．您能来参加我们的“英语周”活动，我们深感荣幸。
We are/feel honoured to have you here in the middle of our English Week activity.
4．由于在事故中受伤了，这名运动员只好退出了比赛。
Injured in the accident，the player had to drop out of the match.
5．由于献身于科学研究事业，他在全世界享有盛名。
Devoted to/Devoting himself to scientific research，he was famous all over the world.
6．受到父亲的惩罚，这个男孩情绪低落。
Punished by his father，the boy was in low spirits.
7．由于专心于为音乐节做准备，他没有时间放松。
Absorbed in/Absorbing himself in his preparation for the music festival，he has no time to relax.
8．我对昨晚看的令人失望的电影很失望。
I was disappointed at the disappointing film I saw last night.
作业3　Discovering Useful Structures
[分值：88.5分]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
1．The window of my room was broken(break) because of the hurricane.
2．The movie directed by a famous director is touching(touch)．
3．I am very delighted(delight) at the news that my brother got first place in the long-distance race.
4．We were all inspired by the inspiring speech made by the well-known teacher.(inspire)
5．The plan for our summer vacation is quite satisfying/satisfactory(satisfy)．
6．Tony is really amusing and tells jokes when he finds we’re getting bored(bore)．
7．Guided(guide) by an artist，the girl made great progress.
8．Praised(praise) by the head teacher，Amy was excited all day.
9．Completely examined(examine) by the doctors，Mr Lee went back to work right now.
10．Seeing(see) from the top of the hill，we find that our county is quite fascinating.
Ⅱ.完成句子(共7小题；每小题3分，满分21分)
1．我很高兴有机会向外国人介绍中国画。
I am very pleased/delighted to have an opportunity to introduce Chinese paintings to foreigners.
2．为了赢得比赛，我们应该充分准备并努力练习。
In order to win the match，we should get fully prepared and practise hard.
3．我对各种音乐都感兴趣，其中爵士乐是我的最爱。
I am interested in all kinds of music，among which Jazz is my favourite.
4．外国学生们被我的一举一动所吸引，再一次被这种独特的文化所震撼。
Attracted by my every move，the foreign students were once again amazed by this unique culture.
5．当被问到对未来的计划时，这个女孩说她想成为一名教师。
When asked/Asked about her plan for the future，the girl said that she wanted to be a teacher.
6．我经常参加各种各样的活动，使我比别人有更广博的知识。
I often take part in various activities，enabling me to have a wider knowledge than others.
7．这部电影如此有趣我们笑得很开心。
The film was so interesting that we laughed happily.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2024·广东广州高一下期中)
George Gershwin，born in 1898，was one of America’s greatest composers.He published his first song when he was eighteen years old.During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs.
Many of Gershwin’s songs were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in New York City.These plays were a popular form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s.Many of his songs have remained popular as ever.Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way—from jazz to country.
In the 1920s there was a debate in the United States about jazz music.Could jazz，some people asked，be considered serious music In 1924 jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music.Gershwin agreed to compose something for the concert before he realized he had just a few weeks to do it.And in that short time，he composed a piece for piano and orchestra which he called Rhapsody in Blue.Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert.The audience were thrilled when they heard his music.It made him world-famous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.
In 1928，Gershwin went to Paris.He applied to study composition with the well-known musician Nadia Boulanger，but she rejected him.She was afraid that classical study would ruin his jazz-influenced style.While there，Gershwin wrote An American in Paris.When it was first performed，critics(评论家) were divided over the music.Some called it happy and full of life，to others it was silly and boring.But it quickly became popular in Europe and the United States.It still remains one of his most famous works.
George Gershwin died in 1937，just days after doctors learned he had brain cancer.He was only thirty-nine years old.Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍的是美国最伟大的作曲家之一George Gershwin的生平和他的音乐。
1．What do we know about Gershwin’s musical works
A．They were written about New Yorkers.
B．They were composed for Paul Whiteman.
C．They were performed in various ways.
D．They were played mainly in the countryside.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段末句“Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way—from jazz to country.”可知，其作品以不同的方式被演绎。故选C。
2．What do we know about the concert organized by Whiteman
A．It attracted more people to theatres.
B．It proved jazz could be serious music.
C．It made Gershwin leader of the orchestra.
D．It caused a debate among jazz musicians.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段末句“It made him world-famous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.”可知，此次音乐会证明了爵士乐也可以是严肃的音乐。故选B。
3．What did Gershwin do during his stay in Paris
A．He created one of his best works.
B．He studied with Nadia Boulanger.
C．He argued with French critics.
D．He changed his music style.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“While there，Gershwin wrote An American in Paris.”及“But it quickly became popular in Europe and the United States.It still remains one of his most famous works.”可知，他在巴黎创作了他最好的作品之一An American in Paris。故选A。
4．Which of the following best describes Gershwin
A．Talented and productive.
B．Serious and boring.
C．Popular but unhappy.
D．Friendly and honest.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“He published his first song when he was eighteen years old.During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs.”可知，他极具天赋，并且是多产的作曲家。故选A。
B(此篇精读)
(2024·浙江高一下期中)
As a young music therapist in Colorado，Shannon de L’Etoile saw that when mothers were encouraged to sing to their babies，they were amazed by the positive responses they received.She quickly realized that music could be a powerful tool for helping mothers learn more about their infants(婴儿)．Soon，de L’Etoile began researching the practice，called infant-directed singing.She says it helps babies learn to regulate their feelings，which allows them to later behave well in school，and in the social and professional world.
“If a mother can sing in a way that catches the infant’s attention，it can help to promote the development of the infant’s brain，” said de L’Etoile.“Infant-directed singing is a way in which mothers can communicate with their babies that most infants can recognize and respond to.But mothers need to be sensitive to infant cues(提示)．”
De L’Etoile is working with people at the Linda Ray Intervention Center to create a coaching program that will guide mothers in the practice.She is now in the process of training workers at the center，who will coach mothers for a month in the most beneficial ways to sing to their infants.The process includes watching and recording mothers as they sing to their infants and then showing these mothers how they can be sensitive to their infants’ feelings while singing.Mothers will be able to notice if the infant is benefiting because the baby will look longer at the mother and reach a happy state.
As part of the study，after each mother completes the training，de L’Etoile will work with a music engineering program to study recordings of the mother’s voice.The study result can show changes over time in the mother’s ability to change her singing according to the infant’s feelings.Videos of the babies will also be studied to discover their connections with their mothers over time.De L’Etoile has been working closely with center workers to develop the program so that it will meet the needs of different families.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科罗拉多州的一位年轻音乐治疗专家Shannon de L’Etoile的研究，她发现母亲对婴儿唱歌时婴儿会有积极的反应，并认为音乐是帮助母亲了解婴儿的有力工具。
5．What does the underlined word “regulate” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Manage. B．Produce.
C．Hide. D．Observe.
答案　A
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后定语从句“which allows them to later behave well in school，and in the social and professional world”可推知，“regulate their feelings”是一种可以让人们在将来受益的行为，结合常识可推知，学会“管理自己的情绪”会让人们受益，所以regulate与manage同义，意为“控制，管理”。故选A。
6．What can we learn from paragraph 2
A．Singing is the best way to comfort babies.
B．Mothers can benefit from singing to their babies.
C．Building a positive parent-child relationship is hard.
D．Mothers’ singing can help with infant development.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中de L’Etoile的话“If a mother can sing in a way that catches the infant’s attention，it can help to promote the development of the infant’s brain”可知，母亲的歌声有助于婴儿的发育。故选D。
7．What is the purpose of de L’Etoile’s coaching program
A．To train babies to respond to their mothers.
B．To get babies to reach a happy state.
C．To help mothers notice the babies’ feelings.
D．To teach mothers to sing to babies effectively.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“De L’Etoile is working with people at the Linda Ray Intervention Center to create a coaching program that will guide mothers in the practice.She is now in the process of training workers at the center，who will coach mothers for a month in the most beneficial ways to sing to their infants.”可知，de L’Etoile的培训项目在教母亲有效地、正确地给婴儿唱歌。故选D。
8．How will de L’Etoile carry out her study according to the last paragraph
A．By communicating directly with mothers.
B．By collecting babies’ reactions to videos and voices.
C．By observing changes in mothers and infants after training.
D．By comparing the effects of family members’ voices on babies.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As part of the study，after each mother completes the training，de L’Etoile will work with a music engineering program to study recordings of the mother’s voice.The study result can show changes over time in the mother’s ability to change her singing according to the infant’s feelings.Videos of the babies will also be studied to discover their connections with their mothers over time.”可知，de L’Etoile通过观察训练后母亲和婴儿的变化来展开她的研究。故选C。
[词汇积累]
1．therapist n．治疗专家
2．practice 熟义：v.练习(＝practise) n．练习；实践 生义(文义)：n.做法
3．engineering(派)＝engineer＋ing n．工程(学)
[句式分析]
1．Infant-directed singing is a way in which mothers can communicate with their babies that most infants can recognize and respond to.
分析：此句为复合句。in which引导定语从句，way是先行词，in which在从句中作方式状语；that引导定语从句，与in which引导的定语从句并列，way是先行词，that在从句中充当宾语。
翻译：婴儿导向歌唱是一种母亲与婴儿交流的方式，大多数婴儿都能识别并做出反应。
2．The process includes watching and recording mothers as they sing to their infants and then showing these mothers how they can be sensitive to their infants’ feelings while singing.
分析：此句为复合句。as引导时间状语从句；how引导宾语从句；while singing为时间状语从句的省略。
翻译：这个过程包括观察和记录母亲对婴儿唱歌的过程，然后向这些母亲展示她们如何在唱歌时对婴儿的感受敏感。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2024·浙江高一下期中)
Power of Self-Talk
Life is like a big swing，dangling between the depths of happiness and sadness.To overcome tough times you have to cheer yourself up.When you are feeling low and confused，this can be done effectively by self-talk.
1 It can be effectively used for soul searching.When talking to ourselves，we hardly lie as our conscience controls our speech.Self-talk is useful because when we speak out our thoughts，it makes a larger effect on our brain. 2 This repetition talks and thoughts pass message to our brain.
Self-talk is a software，which when properly loaded onto our mind directs ourselves for better results and a healthy mind.Actually many times in our life，we find others advising us to do better in studies，sports，life etc.We usually blank our ears out of their suggestions. 3 And when something comes from within you，you always try your best to do it.
If you are a shy person and you want to be the outgoing person like your friend next door，all you need to do is talk to yourself. 4 “ I am a natural born speaker.” “I do like people and speaking comes naturally to me.” “I just have to be ready to listen and speak.” If you are highly confident to do better，there is no better motivator(动机) than self-talk. 5
A．So，guys，start talking!
B．Every person loves to be loved.
C．Self-talk can thus improve our status.
D．Self-talk is a way of talking to oneself.
E．It is because they don’t come from within us.
F．Tell yourself with all the sincerity and emotions that “I can be like him.”
G．Our brain then receives the same message from the mind as well as the ears.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了生活就像在幸福和悲伤之间摇摆不定，要度过艰难的时刻，你必须鼓励自己。通过自我对话可以有效地做到这一点。
1．答案　D
解析　根据下文“It can be effectively used for soul searching.When talking to ourselves，we hardly lie as our conscience controls our speech.”可知，自我对话是对自己说话，我们几乎不会对自己撒谎，因为我们的良心控制着我们的讲话，D项“自言自语是一种对自己说话的方式”符合语境，总领下文。故选D。
2．答案　G
解析　根据上文“Self-talk is useful because when we speak out our thoughts，it makes a larger effect on our brain.”和下文“This repetition talks and thoughts pass message to our brain.”可知，此处讲述自我对话对大脑产生的影响。因此推断G项“然后我们的大脑从大脑和耳朵接收到相同的信息”符合语境，承上启下。故选G。
3．答案　E
解析　根据上文“Actually many times in our life，we find others advising us to do better in studies，sports，life etc.We usually blank our ears out of their suggestions.”和下文“And when something comes from within you，you always try your best to do it.”可知，别人的好建议我们通常听不进去，当我们内心有些想法时，我们总是愿意接受，因此推断E项“那是因为他们不是来自我们内心”符合语境，与前文构成因果关系。故选E。
4．答案　F
解析　根据上文“If you are a shy person and you want to be the outgoing person like your friend next door，all you need to do is talk to yourself.”以及下文的举例可知，想要成为外向的人，你可以对自己说话，因此推断F项“真心实意地告诉自己：‘我可以像他一样。’”符合语境，承接上文“想要成为朋友那样的人”。故选F。
5．答案　A
解析　根据上一句“If you are highly confident to do better，there is no better motivator(动机) than self-talk.”可知，此处内容与鼓励开始说话有关，因此推断A项“所以，伙计们，开始说话吧”符合语境。故选A。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Dating back to the Song Dynasty，Baduanjin has a history of more than 800 years.1._____________(compare) with more demanding sports such as the ball games，Baduanjin is slow and usually done with soft music,2. it used to be considered as the sport for the elders.Actually，it’s perfect for office workers，as they often suffer from lower back pain caused by hours sitting in front of the computer.A video published by the General Administration of Sport of China 3. (teach) the public to do the exercise has gained about 10 million views on a video platform in China.
“Living in Shanghai alone 4. (make) me feel anxious.When I do Baduanjin，all my attention is focused 5. my body and soul，and the slow 6. (movement) help me relax，” said Jiang Xi,7. fashion designer working in Pudong.She 8.____________(follow) by over 10 thousand people aged between 20 and 30 within five months since she shared video clips of her doing Baduanjin on social media.
But not all people are 9. (suit) for practicing Baduanjin.Liu Xiaodan，a professor at Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，cautioned that people should always put safety first when doing Baduanjin，and patients 10. are weak and easy to fall should not take up this exercise.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了八段锦的历史，其适合的人群以及它在年轻人中也受到欢迎的情况，同时也提到了并非所有人都适合练习八段锦以及相关注意事项。
1．答案　Compared
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，“ (compare) with more demanding sports such as the ball games”作比较状语，compare(比较，对比)与其逻辑主语Baduanjin之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以需用过去分词形式表被动；位于句首，首字母大写，故填Compared。
2．答案　so
解析　考查连词。前文描述了八段锦 “slow and usually done with soft music”的特点，后文说 “it used to be considered as the sport for the elders”，根据语境，前后呈现因果关系，正是因为八段锦有这样的特点，所以才会被认为是老年人的运动，所以用连词“so”连接，故填 so。
3．答案　teaching
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是has gained，设空处为非谓语动词，设空处作后置定语，teach(教)与其逻辑主语A video之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词表主动，故填 teaching。
4．答案　makes
解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处为此句的谓语，根据语境可知，此处用一般现在时；单个的动名词短语Living in Shanghai alone作主语，谓语动词用单数，故填makes。
5．答案　on/upon
解析　考查介词。“focus on/upon”为固定短语，意为 “专注于”。句中使用了其被动语态be focused on/upon，故填on/upon。
6．答案　movements
解析　考查名词。可数名词movement作分句主语，意为“动作”，根据谓语help的形式可知，主语为复数名词，故填 movements。
7．答案　a
解析　考查冠词。可数名词designer在句中表示泛指，且fashion发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a来修饰，故填 a。
8．答案　has been followed
解析　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。follow(仿效，密切关注)是主句谓语动词，与主语She 之间是被动关系，根据时间状语“since she shared video clips of her doing Baduanjin on social media”可知，此处应用现在完成时，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，同时，主语She是第三人称单数代词，谓语用单数形式，故填has been followed。
9．答案　suitable
解析　考查形容词。“be suitable for”为固定短语，意为 “适合……”，故填 suitable。
10．答案　who/that
解析　考查定语从句。“ are weak and easy to fall”是限制性定语从句，用来修饰先行词patients，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导从句，故填who/that。(共78张PPT)
Period 3
Discovering Useful Structures
Music
Unit 5
内容索引
情境导读
语法精讲
达标检测
作业3
情境导读
阅读以下短文，感知加颜色部分，并完成练习
①Observed on the first day of the first month in the Chinese lunar calendar，Chinese Lunar New Year，also ②called the Spring Festival，is well received by all the Chinese people all over the world.At the Spring Festival，most people have big meals ③cooked by themselves and chat with family members，while others may take a trip to visit their friends or to spend their long holiday.Besides，people will say “Happy New Year” to express good wishes for the coming new year.It is also a children’s festival.They become very ④excited because they can get lucky money in a red packet.
1.①为过去分词短语作 ；
2.②③为过去分词短语作 ；
3.④为过去分词作 。
返 回
状语
后置定语
表语
语法精讲
过去分词作表语和状语
一、过去分词作表语
1.过去分词跟在be，get，feel，remain，seem，look，become等系动词之后作表语，表示主语的特点或所处的状态。
Tom felt relaxed when he was sitting on the sofa and listening to soft music.
当汤姆坐在沙发上听轻音乐时，他感到很放松。
Although the little girl was frightened，she answered in a calm voice.
虽然小女孩很害怕，但她还是用平静的声音回答。
2.过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别
过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。这一结构从形式上与被动语态相同，但被动语态强调主语所承受的动作。试比较：
The book is well written.
这本书写得好。
The book was written by a soldier.
这本书是由一位士兵写的。
3.形容词化的分词
英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来指人、人的声音、笑容或表情等。常用的这类词有：
exciting令人激动的
excited激动的，兴奋的
astonishing令人惊讶的astonished惊讶的
disappointing令人失望的
disappointed感到失望的
encouraging鼓舞人心的
encouraged受到鼓舞的
frightening令人害怕的
frightened受惊的，害怕的
interesting令人感兴趣的interested感兴趣的
moving感人的，令人感动的
moved受感动的
pleasing令人满意的
pleased满意的
shocking令人震惊的shocked感到震惊的
tiring令人困倦的
tired感到困倦的
worrying令人担心的
worried感到担心的
satisfying令人满意的satisfied感到满意的
puzzling令人迷惑的
puzzled感到迷惑的
His words were discouraging，which made many people discouraged.
他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。
The man standing there looks frightening，and the little boy is frightened.站在那里的那个人看起来很可怕，那个小男孩很害怕。
The news was exciting and we were excited the whole night.
这则消息令人激动，我们激动了整整一晚上。
[即时训练1]　单句语法填空
①He was too (tire) to walk any further，and thus，he stopped to have a rest.
②When I heard the story，I was deeply .(move)
③Jack was more (surprise) than (disappoint) at this piece of news.
④ After watching the film，I felt .(inspire)
tired
moving
moved
surprised
disappointed
inspiring
inspired
二、过去分词(短语)作状语
1.语法意义
过去分词作状语表示被动或完成，其逻辑主语为句子的主语，且与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
2.句法功能
(1)过去分词作时间状语，在句中相当于一个时间状语从句。
Looked at(＝When it is looked at) from a distance，the painting seems much more beautiful.从远处看，这幅画似乎美多了。
Asked about his address(＝When he was asked about his address)，the little boy didn’t respond.被问及他的地址时，小男孩没有作答。
(2)过去分词作原因状语，在句中相当于一个原因状语从句。
Absorbed in painting(＝Because he was absorbed in painting)，John didn’t notice evening approaching.
约翰全神贯注地画画，没有注意到天黑了。
Annoyed at the decision(＝As he was annoyed at the decision)，he refused to attend the meeting.
由于对这个决定很生气，他拒绝参加会议。
(3)过去分词作条件状语，在句中相当于一个条件状语从句。
Given more time(＝If they were given more time)，the trees could grow taller.
如果再多给一点时间，这些树会长得更高。
Heated to a high temperature(＝If it is heated to a high temperature)，water will change into vapor.如果被加热到很高的温度，水就能变成蒸气。
(4)过去分词作让步状语，在句中相当于一个让步状语从句。
Left (＝Although he was left) alone at home，John didn’t feel afraid at all.
虽然约翰被单独留在家里，但他一点都不害怕。
(5)过去分词作方式、伴随状语，在句中相当于一个并列的分句。
Followed by a group of students，the teacher entered the classroom.
＝The teacher entered the classroom and he/she was followed by a group of students.
老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。
The patient got off the bed，supported by the nurse.
＝The patient got off the bed，and he/she was supported by the nurse.
那个病人在护士的搀扶下下了床。
3.过去分词作状语的位置
过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语，后面有逗号与主句隔开；也可放在主句后面，前面有逗号与主句隔开。
He stood there silently，moved to tears.
＝Moved to tears，he stood there silently.
他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。
[点津]　(1)过去分词(短语)作状语时，前面有时可以加上when，if，while，though，even if，until，unless等连词，这种结构可以看作状语从句的省略形式(省略部分多为“主语＋be的多种形式”)。需要注意的是，省略的主语必须和主句的主语相同或是it。
Even if invited(＝Even if I’m invited)，I won’t attend the party.
即使受到邀请，我也不会参加这场聚会的。
(2)部分过去分词(短语)来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动关系，常见的有seated(坐着的)，hidden(躲着)，lost/absorbed in(全神贯注；沉浸于)，dressed in(穿着)，tired of(厌烦)等。
Lost/Absorbed in deep thought，she didn’t hear the sound.由于陷入沉思，所以她没有听到那个声音。
Dressed in a new dress，she looks very beautiful.穿着一件新衣服，她看上去很漂亮。
[即时训练2] 　单句语法填空
① (raise) in the poorest village，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.
②Children，when (accompany) by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.
③ (found) in the early 20th century，the school sticks to inspiring children’s love of art.
④ (use) over and over again，the tool was finally broken.
Raised
accompanied
Founded
Used
⑤ (determine) to achieve his goal，he studies harder than before.
⑥When (ask) about the embarrassing problem，I didn’t know how to hide my embarrassment.
Determined
asked
三、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别
过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。
[巧学助记]　分词作状语记忆口诀
分词作状语，主语是问题。
前后两动作，共用一主语。
主语找出后，再来判关系。
主动用-ing，被动用-ed。
Used for a long time，the book looks old.
由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。
Using the book，I find it very useful.
在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。
[点津]　无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。
If caught，the police will punish the thief.(×)
If caught，the thief will be punished by the police.(√)
If the thief is caught，the police will punish him/her.(√)
[即时训练3]　单句语法填空
①When I was little，my mother used to sit by my bed， (tell) me stories till I fell asleep.
②—Where is Jimmy
—Just now he was seen sitting under the tree， (absorb) in his video games.
③ (write) in a hurry，this article was not so good.
④ (read) carefully，he found something he hadn’t known before.
返 回
telling
absorbed
Written
Reading
达标检测
1.如果你对此感兴趣，请告知我，我会给你发送更多信息。
If you ，please let me know and I’ll send you more information.
2.我太激动了，迫不及待地想穿上它们。
I I couldn’t wait to put them on.
3.您能来参加我们的“英语周”活动，我们深感荣幸。
We in the middle of our English Week activity.
完成句子
are interested in it
was so excited that
are/feel honoured to have you here
4.由于在事故中受伤了，这名运动员只好退出了比赛。
，the player had to drop out of the match.
5.由于献身于科学研究事业，他在全世界享有盛名。
，he was famous all over the world.
6.受到父亲的惩罚，这个男孩情绪低落。
，the boy was in low spirits.
Injured in the accident
Devoted to/Devoting himself to scientific research
Punished by his father
7.由于专心于为音乐节做准备，他没有时间放松。
，he has no time to relax.
8.我对昨晚看的令人失望的电影很失望。
I saw last night.
返 回
Absorbed in/Absorbing himself in his preparation for the music festival
I was disappointed at the disappointing film
作业3
1.The window of my room was (break) because of the hurricane.
2.The movie directed by a famous director is (touch).
3.I am very (delight) at the news that my brother got first place in the long-distance race.
4.We were all by the speech made by the well-known teacher.(inspire)
5.The plan for our summer vacation is quite (satisfy).
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
broken
touching
delighted
inspired
inspiring
satisfying/satisfactory
6.Tony is really amusing and tells jokes when he finds we’re getting
(bore).
7. (guide) by an artist，the girl made great progress.
8. (praise) by the head teacher，Amy was excited all day.
9.Completely (examine) by the doctors，Mr Lee went back to work right now.
10. (see) from the top of the hill，we find that our county is quite fascinating.
bored
Guided
Praised
examined
Seeing
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.我很高兴有机会向外国人介绍中国画。
Chinese paintings to foreigners.
2.为了赢得比赛，我们应该充分准备并努力练习。
In order to win the match， .
3.我对各种音乐都感兴趣，其中爵士乐是我的最爱。
，among which Jazz is my favourite.
4.外国学生们被我的一举一动所吸引，再一次被这种独特的文化所震撼。
，the foreign students were once again amazed by this unique culture.
I am very pleased/delighted to have an opportunity to introduce
we should get fully prepared and practise hard
I am interested in all kinds of music
Attracted by my every move
5.当被问到对未来的计划时，这个女孩说她想成为一名教师。
，the girl said that she wanted to be a teacher.
6.我经常参加各种各样的活动，使我比别人有更广博的知识。
I often take part in various activities，______________________________
.
7.这部电影如此有趣我们笑得很开心。
The film we laughed happily.
When asked/Asked about her plan for the future
enabling me to have a wider
knowledge than others
was so interesting that
A
(2024·广东广州高一下期中)
George Gershwin，born in 1898，was one of America’s greatest composers.He published his first song when he was eighteen years old.During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍的是美国最伟大的作曲家之一George Gershwin的生平和他的音乐。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
Many of Gershwin’s songs were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in New York City.These plays were a popular form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s.Many of his songs have remained popular as ever.Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way—from jazz to country.
In the 1920s there was a debate in the United States about jazz music.Could jazz，some people asked，be considered serious music In 1924 jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music.Gershwin agreed to compose something for the concert before he realized he had just a few weeks to do it.And in that short time，he composed a piece for piano and orchestra which he called Rhapsody in Blue.Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert.The audience were thrilled when they heard his music.It made him world-famous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.
In 1928，Gershwin went to Paris.He applied to study composition with the well-known musician Nadia Boulanger，but she rejected him.She was afraid that classical study would ruin his jazz-influenced style.While there，Gershwin wrote An American in Paris.When it was first performed，critics(评论家) were divided over the music.Some called it happy and full of life，to others it was silly and boring.But it quickly became popular in Europe and the United States.It still remains one of his most famous works.
George Gershwin died in 1937，just days after doctors learned he had brain cancer.He was only thirty-nine years old.Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages.
1.What do we know about Gershwin’s musical works
A.They were written about New Yorkers.
B.They were composed for Paul Whiteman.
C.They were performed in various ways.
D.They were played mainly in the countryside.
细节理解题。根据第二段末句“Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way—from jazz to country.”可知，其作品以不同的方式被演绎。故选C。
解析
√
2.What do we know about the concert organized by Whiteman
A.It attracted more people to theatres.
B.It proved jazz could be serious music.
C.It made Gershwin leader of the orchestra.
D.It caused a debate among jazz musicians.
细节理解题。根据第三段末句“It made him world-famous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.”可知，此次音乐会证明了爵士乐也可以是严肃的音乐。故选B。
解析
√
3.What did Gershwin do during his stay in Paris
A.He created one of his best works.
B.He studied with Nadia Boulanger.
C.He argued with French critics.
D.He changed his music style.
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“While there，Gershwin wrote An American in Paris.”及“But it quickly became popular in Europe and the United States.It still remains one of his most famous works.”可知，他在巴黎创作了他最好的作品之一An American in Paris。故选A。
解析
√
4.Which of the following best describes Gershwin
A.Talented and productive.
B.Serious and boring.
C.Popular but unhappy.
D.Friendly and honest.
推理判断题。根据第一段中“He published his first song when he was eighteen years old.During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs.”可知，他极具天赋，并且是多产的作曲家。故选A。
解析
√
B(此篇精读)
(2024·浙江高一下期中)
As a young music therapist in Colorado，Shannon de L’Etoile saw that when mothers were encouraged to sing to their babies，they were amazed by the positive responses they received.She quickly realized that music could be a powerful tool for helping mothers learn more about their infants(婴儿).Soon，de L’Etoile began researching the practice，called infant-directed singing.She says it helps babies learn to regulate their feelings，which allows them to later behave well in school，and in the social and professional world.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科罗拉多州的一位年轻音乐治疗专家Shannon de L’Etoile的研究，她发现母亲对婴儿唱歌时婴儿会有积极的反应，并认为音乐是帮助母亲了解婴儿的有力工具。
“If a mother can sing in a way that catches the infant’s attention，it can help to promote the development of the infant’s brain，” said de L’Etoile.“Infant-directed singing is a way in which mothers can communicate with their babies that most infants can recognize and respond to.But mothers need to be sensitive to infant cues(提示).”
De L’Etoile is working with people at the Linda Ray Intervention Center to create a coaching program that will guide mothers in the practice.She is now in the process of training workers at the center，who will coach mothers for a month in the most beneficial ways to sing to their infants.The process includes watching and recording mothers as they sing to their infants and then showing these mothers how they can be sensitive to their infants’ feelings while singing.Mothers will be able to notice if the infant is benefiting because the baby will look longer at the mother and reach a happy state.
As part of the study，after each mother completes the training，de L’Etoile will work with a music engineering program to study recordings of the mother’s voice.The study result can show changes over time in the mother’s ability to change her singing according to the infant’s feelings.Videos of the babies will also be studied to discover their connections with their mothers over time.De L’Etoile has been working closely with center workers to develop the program so that it will meet the needs of different families.
5.What does the underlined word “regulate” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A.Manage. B.Produce.
C.Hide. D.Observe.
词义猜测题。根据画线词后定语从句“which allows them to later behave well in school，and in the social and professional world”可推知，“regulate their feelings”是一种可以让人们在将来受益的行为，结合常识可推知，学会“管理自己的情绪”会让人们受益，所以regulate与manage同义，意为“控制，管理”。故选A。
解析
√
6.What can we learn from paragraph 2
A.Singing is the best way to comfort babies.
B.Mothers can benefit from singing to their babies.
C.Building a positive parent-child relationship is hard.
D.Mothers’ singing can help with infant development.
细节理解题。根据第二段中de L’Etoile的话“If a mother can sing in a way that catches the infant’s attention，it can help to promote the development of the infant’s brain”可知，母亲的歌声有助于婴儿的发育。故选D。
解析
√
7.What is the purpose of de L’Etoile’s coaching program
A.To train babies to respond to their mothers.
B.To get babies to reach a happy state.
C.To help mothers notice the babies’ feelings.
D.To teach mothers to sing to babies effectively.
√
细节理解题。根据第三段中“De L’Etoile is working with people at the Linda Ray Intervention Center to create a coaching program that will guide mothers in the practice.She is now in the process of training workers at the center，who will coach mothers for a month in the most beneficial ways to sing to their infants.”可知，de L’Etoile的培训项目在教母亲有效地、正确地给婴儿唱歌。故选D。
解析
8.How will de L’Etoile carry out her study according to the last paragraph
A.By communicating directly with mothers.
B.By collecting babies’ reactions to videos and voices.
C.By observing changes in mothers and infants after training.
D.By comparing the effects of family members’ voices on babies.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As part of the study，after each mother completes the training，de L’Etoile will work with a music engineering program to study recordings of the mother’s voice.The study result can show changes over time in the mother’s ability to change her singing according to the infant’s feelings.Videos of the babies will also be studied to discover their connections with their mothers over time.”可知，de L’Etoile通过观察训练后母亲和婴儿的变化来展开她的研究。故选C。
解析
1.therapist n.治疗专家
2.practice 熟义：v.练习(＝practise) n.练习；实践 生义(文义)：n.做法
3.engineering(派)＝engineer＋ing n.工程(学)
词汇积累
句式分析
1.Infant-directed singing is a way in which mothers can communicate with their babies that most infants can recognize and respond to.
分析：此句为复合句。in which引导定语从句，way是先行词，in which在从句中作方式状语；that引导定语从句，与in which引导的定语从句并列，way是先行词，that在从句中充当宾语。
翻译：婴儿导向歌唱是一种母亲与婴儿交流的方式，大多数婴儿都能识别并做出反应。
2.The process includes watching and recording mothers as they sing to their infants and then showing these mothers how they can be sensitive to their infants’ feelings while singing.
分析：此句为复合句。as引导时间状语从句；how引导宾语从句；while singing为时间状语从句的省略。
翻译：这个过程包括观察和记录母亲对婴儿唱歌的过程，然后向这些母亲展示她们如何在唱歌时对婴儿的感受敏感。
(2024·浙江高一下期中)
Power of Self-Talk
Life is like a big swing，dangling between the depths of happiness and sadness.To overcome tough times you have to cheer yourself up.When you are feeling low and confused，this can be done effectively by self-talk.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了生活就像在幸福和悲伤之间摇摆不定，要度过艰难的时刻，你必须鼓励自己。通过自我对话可以有效地做到这一点。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
A.So，guys，start talking!
B.Every person loves to be loved.
C.Self-talk can thus improve our status.
D.Self-talk is a way of talking to oneself.
E.It is because they don’t come from within us.
F.Tell yourself with all the sincerity and emotions that “I can be like him.”
G.Our brain then receives the same message from the mind as well as the ears.
1 It can be effectively used for soul searching.When talking to ourselves，we hardly lie as our conscience controls our speech.
√
根据下文“It can be effectively used for soul searching.When talking to ourselves，we hardly lie as our conscience controls our speech.”可知，自我对话是对自己说话，我们几乎不会对自己撒谎，因为我们的良心控制着我们的讲话，D项“自言自语是一种对自己说话的方式”符合语境，总领下文。故选D。
解析
Self-talk is useful because when we speak out our thoughts，it makes a larger effect on our brain. 2 This repetition talks and thoughts pass message to our brain.
A.So，guys，start talking!
B.Every person loves to be loved.
C.Self-talk can thus improve our status.
D.Self-talk is a way of talking to oneself.
E.It is because they don’t come from within us.
F.Tell yourself with all the sincerity and emotions that “I can be like him.”
G.Our brain then receives the same message from the mind as well as the ears.
√
根据上文“Self-talk is useful because when we speak out our thoughts，it makes a larger effect on our brain.”和下文“This repetition talks and thoughts pass message to our brain.”可知，此处讲述自我对话对大脑产生的影响。因此推断G项“然后我们的大脑从大脑和耳朵接收到相同的信息”符合语境，承上启下。故选G。
解析
Self-talk is a software，which when properly loaded onto our mind directs ourselves for better results and a healthy mind.Actually many times in our life，we find others advising us to do better in studies，sports，life etc.We usually blank our ears out of their suggestions.
3 And when something comes from within you，you always try your best to do it.
A.So，guys，start talking!
B.Every person loves to be loved.
C.Self-talk can thus improve our status.
D.Self-talk is a way of talking to oneself.
E.It is because they don’t come from within us.
F.Tell yourself with all the sincerity and emotions that “I can be like him.”
G.Our brain then receives the same message from the mind as well as the ears.
√
根据上文“Actually many times in our life，we find others advising us to do better in studies，sports，life etc.We usually blank our ears out of their suggestions.”和下文“And when something comes from within you，you always try your best to do it.”可知，别人的好建议我们通常听不进去，当我们内心有些想法时，我们总是愿意接受，因此推断E项“那是因为他们不是来自我们内心”符合语境，与前文构成因果关系。故选E。
解析
If you are a shy person and you want to be the outgoing person like your friend next door，all you need to do is talk to yourself. 4 “ I am a natural born speaker.”
A.So，guys，start talking!
B.Every person loves to be loved.
C.Self-talk can thus improve our status.
D.Self-talk is a way of talking to oneself.
E.It is because they don’t come from within us.
F.Tell yourself with all the sincerity and emotions that “I can be like him.”
G.Our brain then receives the same message from the mind as well as the ears.
√
根据上文“If you are a shy person and you want to be the outgoing person like your friend next door，all you need to do is talk to yourself.”以及下文的举例可知，想要成为外向的人，你可以对自己说话，因此推断F项“真心实意地告诉自己：‘我可以像他一样。’”符合语境，承接上文“想要成为朋友那样的人”。故选F。
解析
“I do like people and speaking comes naturally to me.” “I just have to be ready to listen and speak.” If you are highly confident to do better，there is no better motivator(动机) than self-talk. 5
A.So，guys，start talking!
B.Every person loves to be loved.
C.Self-talk can thus improve our status.
D.Self-talk is a way of talking to oneself.
E.It is because they don’t come from within us.
F.Tell yourself with all the sincerity and emotions that “I can be like him.”
G.Our brain then receives the same message from the mind as well as the ears.
√
根据上一句“If you are highly confident to do better，there is no better motivator(动机) than self-talk.”可知，此处内容与鼓励开始说话有关，因此推断A项“所以，伙计们，开始说话吧”符合语境。故选A。
解析
Ⅴ.语法填空
Dating back to the Song Dynasty，Baduanjin has a history of more than 800 years.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了八段锦的历史，其适合的人群以及它在年轻人中也受到欢迎的情况，同时也提到了并非所有人都适合练习八段锦以及相关注意事项。
1._____________(compare) with more demanding sports such as the ball games，Baduanjin is slow and usually done with soft music,2.____ it used to be considered as the sport for the elders.
Compared
so
1.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，“ (compare) with more demanding sports such as the ball games”作比较状语，compare(比较，对比)与其逻辑主语Baduanjin之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以需用过去分词形式表被动；位于句首，首字母大写，故填Compared。
2.考查连词。前文描述了八段锦 “slow and usually done with soft music”的特点，后文说 “it used to be considered as the sport for the elders”，根据语境，前后呈现因果关系，正是因为八段锦有这样的特点，所以才会被认为是老年人的运动，所以用连词“so”连接，故填 so。
解析
Actually，it’s perfect for office workers，as they often suffer from lower back pain caused by hours sitting in front of the computer.A video published by the General Administration of Sport of China 3.__________ (teach) the public to do the exercise has gained about 10 million views on a video platform in China.
teaching
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是has gained，设空处为非谓语动词，设空处作后置定语，teach(教)与其逻辑主语A video之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词表主动，故填 teaching。
解析
“Living in Shanghai alone 4. (make) me feel anxious.When I do Baduanjin，all my attention is focused 5. my body and soul，and the slow 6. (movement) help me relax，”
makes
on/upon
4.考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处为此句的谓语，根据语境可知，此处用一般现在时；单个的动名词短语Living in Shanghai alone作主语，谓语动词用单数，故填makes。
5.考查介词。“focus on/upon”为固定短语，意为 “专注于”。句中使用了其被动语态be focused on/upon，故填on/upon。
6.考查名词。可数名词movement作分句主语，意为“动作”，根据谓语help的形式可知，主语为复数名词，故填 movements。
解析
movements
said Jiang Xi,7. fashion designer working in Pudong.She 8.________ _________(follow) by over 10 thousand people aged between 20 and 30 within five months since she shared video clips of her doing Baduanjin on social media.
a
has been
followed
7.考查冠词。可数名词designer在句中表示泛指，且fashion发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a来修饰，故填 a。
8.考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。follow(仿效，密切关注)是主句谓语动词，与主语She 之间是被动关系，根据时间状语“since she shared video clips of her doing Baduanjin on social media”可知，此处应用现在完成时，强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，同时，主语She是第三人称单数代词，谓语用单数形式，故填has been followed。
解析
But not all people are 9. (suit) for practicing Baduanjin.Liu Xiaodan，a professor at Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，cautioned that people should always put safety first when doing Baduanjin，and patients 10. are weak and easy to fall should not take up this exercise.
suitable
who/that
9.考查形容词。“be suitable for”为固定短语，意为 “适合……”，故填 suitable。
10.考查定语从句。“ are weak and easy to fall”是限制性定语从句，用来修饰先行词patients，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导从句，故填who/that。
解析
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