资源简介

(共73张PPT)
Period 3
Grammar and usage—Passive voice in the present continuous and present perfect tenses
Unit 2
Be sporty，be healthy
内容索引
情境导读
语法精讲
作业3
达标检测
情境导读
阅读以下短文，感知加颜色部分并归纳填空。
Are you ready to get fit We are happy to announce that the Community Sports Centre will soon be open to the public once again！①Our facilities have been enlarged and redone，and our centre is now bigger and better than ever before.②The finishing touches are now being put to a new swimming pool, and our workout rooms have been updated with modern e by and check them out!
There are a lot of fitness courses for you to choose from.③In response to public interest，our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options，including modern dance.You can find more details about all our courses on our website.Better still，we will update our fitness courses every few months so that more popular courses can be included.④Weight training classes，for example，are being designed and will be added to our programme soon.We will invite professional athletes to be our coaches.We are confident that we have something for everyone.We look forward to seeing you here!
[自主发现]
上文中加颜色部分均使用了 语态，时态分别为 和____________。句 含有现在进行时的被动语态，其结构是_________
__________。句 含有现在完成时的被动语态，其结构是_________
_________。
被动
返 回
现在进行时
现在完成时
am/is/are
being done
have/has
been done
②④
①②③
语法精讲
现在进行时的被动语态
一、现在进行时的被动语态的用法
1.表示说话时正在进行的被动动作，句中常用now，at the moment等时间状语。
My younger sister is now being tended to by our mother in the hospital.
我妹妹现在正在医院里由母亲照顾。
2.表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(说话时不一定在进行)。
These animals are being hunted at such a speed that they will disappear soon.
这些动物正在以这样的速度被猎杀，它们很快就会消失。
3.表示一种习惯的被动行为，常与always，constantly，frequently等词连用，表示赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感彩。
I feel very surprised that the window of our classroom is frequently being broken.
我感到非常吃惊的是我们教室的那扇窗户经常被打破。
4.与某些情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的被动动作的推测。
Jim may be being interviewed by the reporters at the very moment.
吉姆此刻可能正在接受记者的采访。
5.有些“介词＋名词”结构可以表示现在进行时的被动意义。如on show，in use，under protection，under repair，under discussion，under consideration，under treatment等。
The telephone is in use now.＝The telephone is being used now.
现在电话正在使用中。
The problem is under discussion at the meeting now.
＝The problem is being discussed at the meeting now.
现在这个问题正在会议上被讨论。
二、现在进行时的被动语态注意事项
1.不可遗漏being。
在现在进行时的被动语态中be(am/is/are)为第一助动词，being为第二助动词，缺一不可，且位置不可互换。如果我们把being漏掉，就会成为一般现在时的被动语态或系表结构。
Look! The children are being taken care of by their aunt.瞧！那些孩子正由他们的姑妈照看着。
Children are taken good care of at school.
孩子们在学校被照顾得很好。(一般现在时的被动语态)
The report is well written.
这份报告写得很好。(系表结构)
2.现在进行时的被动语态也可以表示将来。
现在进行时的被动语态有时可表示按计划或安排将要进行的一个被动动作(此种用法仅限于少数及物动词，如hold，take等)。
A party is being held tonight.
今晚将要举行一场晚会。
3.一些表示状态、心理活动、拥有、存在等的动词，如have，want，need，like，realize等，一般没有进行时的被动语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态表示此时此刻或目前主语正在承受谓语动词表示的动作。
Mary，come here.You are wanted on the phone.玛丽，过来，有你的电话。
4.take care of，look after，talk about，think of等“动词＋介词”构成的短语用于现在进行时的被动语态时，其中的介词不可省略。
The ways to stop illegal hunting are being talked about.阻止非法捕猎的方法正在讨论中。
现在完成时的被动语态
一、现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1.现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的被动动作对现在的影响或结果，通常与already，yet，just，never，recently等副词连用。
The car has already been well maintained and is in good condition.
这辆汽车一直保养得很好，状况不错。
2.表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long...？”句式中。
Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours.
公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。
How long has this film been shown
这部电影已经放映多长时间了？
3.用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的被动动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
You shouldn’t leave school before your homework has been finished.
在你的作业完成之前你不应该离开学校。
[点津] 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语：
already已经；yet已经，尚，还；recently/lately最近；since then从那时起；ever since自那以来；ever曾经；so far迄今为止；for a long time很长一段时间；by now到现在为止；in recent years在最近的几年里；in/during/over the past/last years在过去的几年里
二、现在完成时的被动语态注意事项
1.与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。
The park was restored last year.
这个公园去年被修复了。(仅说明动作发生于过去)
The park has been restored.
这个公园已被修复了。(说明动作发生于过去，但对现在有影响，即现在公园已经被修复了)
2.非延续性动词，如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时间状语。
The work was finished two weeks ago.
这项工作于两周前被完成。
The work has been finished.
这项工作已经被完成。
3.短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持其完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。
It is said that the problem has been looked into.
据说这个问题已经被调查过了。
4.不及物动词或词组无被动语态。
Great changes have taken place since 1978.
自1978年以来发生了巨大的变化。
5.带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass，promise等，变为被动语态时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。
We have given him a lot of cash.
→He has been given a lot of cash.
→A lot of cash has been given to him.
我们给了他很多现金。
6.带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语改为主语补足语。原来省略to的不定式作宾补的，被动语态中要用带to的不定式。
The boss has made us work hard in order to finish the project on time.
→We have been made to work hard by the boss in order to finish the project on time.
老板让我们努力工作，以便按时完成这个项目。
返 回
达标检测
1.Paper money (use) for over one thousand years.
2.Many new things (invent) in the last ten years.
3.As you can see，many trees (cut) down by humans at present.
4.More than 100 famous films (show) in the city since July.
5.This dictionary (use) at the moment，so I can’t lend it to you now.
has been used
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
have been invented
are being cut
have been shown
is being used
6.Wait for a minute.The dishes for dinner (cook) in the kitchen.
7.It is the first time that the old computer (check) since I bought it.
8.Little Mary always (praise) for her good performance by her teacher.
9.The boy is so curious that he wants to know what ___________________
(discuss) now in the secret room.
10.To our relief，up to now the injured in the crash __________________
(carry) to the nearby hospital.
are being cooked
has been checked
is
being praised
is being discussed
have been carried
1.我感到很奇怪，我们店的商品总是被偷。
I feel very puzzled that the goods in our shop .
2.这位老人已经在养老院被照顾了二十年了。
The old man for twenty years in the nursing home.
3.我的洗衣机这周正在被修理，所以我不得不手洗衣服。
My washing machine this week，so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
Ⅱ.完成句子
are always being stolen
has been looked after/taken care of
is being repaired
4.到目前为止，给你多少建议了？
How many suggestions to you so far
have been given
返 回
作业3
1.At the moment people are carrying out further research into the virus.
→At the moment further research into the virus .
2.Don’t worry! We are taking measures at present to stop such a thing from happening again.
→Don’t worry! Measures at present to stop such a thing from happening again.
is being carried out
Ⅰ.同义句转换
are being taken
3.Frank has to go to work by taxi currently because his car is under repair at the garage.
→Frank has to go to work by taxi currently because his car ___________
________ at the garage.
4.They haven’t given any permission to enter the lab since it was closed.
→Not any permission to enter the lab since it was closed.
5.We have not decided when and where to go on holiday yet.
→When and where to go on holiday .
is being
repaired
has been given (by them)
has not been decided yet
As is known to all，waste 1.___________________________________
________(已经成为一个越来越严重的问题).We can easily see many people do not turn off the lights after using them; many disposable(一次性的) products 2. (正在被使用) in our daily life; some good food 3. (已经到处可见) in the garbage can.In the office，some equipment is often on for a long time but nobody is using it.What’s worse，a great deal of paper 4. (已经被浪费了).
In my opinion，we should call on more and more people to fight against waste.
Ⅱ.阅读下面短文，根据括号内的汉语提示补全语篇
has become a more and more serious
problem
are being used
has been seen everywhere
has been wasted
A
Kurt Fearnley，one of Australia’s most respected and recognized athletes，has won over 40 marathons，including New York，Chicago and London，in his career of more than 20 years.He became the first athlete with a disability to win The Don Award—given to honor those whose achievements inspire the whole nation—in the Sport Australia Hall of Fame in 2018.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚运动员Kurt Fearnley取得了非凡的成绩，同时他还致力于慈善事业，帮助残疾人。
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读
Kurt has always been determined.Being born without the lower part of his spine(脊椎) has never held him back，from backyard games of football to crewing an attractive Sydney to Hobart ship and winning dozens of marathons around the world.
Growing up in a large and loving family in the small town of Carcoar，Kurt was encouraged to make the most of every opportunity，and he did.He took on almost every challenge presented to him，encouraged by his parents.He even managed to move himself on his elbows up and down hills at an early age.
Turning his attention to wheelchair sports in his teens，Kurt quickly became a world beater.He started his career with two silver medals at the 2000 Sydney Paralympic Games，before making his winning breakthrough at the 2004 Athens Paralympics with gold medals in the 5,000m and marathon races.Following the 2004 Paralympics，Kurt conquered the world，winning seven world championships and more than 30 marathons around the globe.
Kurt is a person who supports the rights of people with disabilities.He throws himself into a number of charitable activities.For example，in 2009，Kurt spent two weeks crawling(爬) the 96 kilometer Kokoda Track to raise awareness and money for people’s health charity.
While Kurt’s athletic career is over，his commitment(投入) to sports and support for people with disabilities live on in so many different forms.Kurt believes that people with disabilities should be given more opportunities.
1.What does paragraph 1 tell us about Kurt
A.He contributed a lot to American spirit.
B.He is the most popular marathon athlete.
C.He is the first athlete to win The Don Award.
D.He is a disabled athlete with great achievements.
√
段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知，第一段告诉我们Kurt是一位成绩斐然的残疾运动员。故选D。
解析
2.What can we learn from paragraph 3
A.Kurt’s living conditions were poor.
B.Kurt’s parents were strict with him.
C.Kurt’s tough life inspired his creation.
D.Kurt’s childhood saw his determination.
√
推理判断题。根据第三段“Growing up in a large and loving family in the small town of Carcoar，Kurt was encouraged to make the most of every opportunity，and he did...He even managed to move himself on his elbows up and down hills at an early age.”可知，Kurt的童年见证了他的决心。故选D。
解析
3.Who will benefit from Kurt’s charitable activities probably
A.A sick teenager.
B.A blind boy.
C.An injured athlete.
D.A potential champion.
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Kurt is a person who supports the rights of people with disabilities.He throws himself into a number of charitable activities.”可知，Kurt支持维护残疾人士的权利并投身于很多慈善活动，因此，一个盲人男孩可能会从Kurt的慈善活动中受益。故选B。
解析
√
4.What does Kurt’s story tell us
A.Learn to walk before your run.
B.Ups and downs make one strong.
C.Become the light and warm others.
D.Disability is a force for great progress.
推理判断题。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚运动员Kurt Fearnley取得了非凡的成绩，同时他还致力于慈善事业，帮助残疾人。因此，他的故事告诉我们要成为光，温暖他人。故选C。
解析
√
B(此篇精读)
(2025·河南三门峡高一上期末)
Before the crowd of students rounded the track，Coach Matthew Moore at Sandburg Middle School explained the goal of Monday’s practice to get students adapted to running two miles continuously，something that was new to many of the middle-schoolers on the cross-country(越野的) team，and thus improve their fitness.However，some students’ reason for circling the track was hanging out with friends as much as running.
语篇解读　本文是说明文。文章主要以桑德堡中学为例，讲了费尔法克斯县公立学校首次在其中学引入体育活动，组织学生进行跑步训练，这不仅有助于提升学生的身体素质，还可以缓解学生面临的心理健康危机。
The teachers and administrators at Sandburg Middle School already knew that.In fact，creating opportunities to make friends and build community was part of the reason Fairfax County Public Schools decided to introduce sports to its middle schools for the first time this year.This came as schools around the county were confronted with a mental health crisis.
In Fairfax County，about 17 percent of sixth-graders reported feeling stressed most of the time，and about 62 percent reported experiencing stress some of the time.Nearly 30 percent of sixth-graders reported feeling so sad or hopeless almost every day for two or more weeks in a row that they stopped doing usual activities.
Michelle Reid，the head of Fairfax County Public Schools，hopes athletics will improve mental and physical wellness in the district’s middle schools.“We’re in a mental health crisis in many ways，and also a fitness crisis in this county.It’s really important for students to be active and engaged in sports，and we’re just excited at that possibility，” said Reid.
Claire Brown,13，joined the team at Sandburg to stay active.Running was not her “strong suit”，but she said she could already feel herself building endurance(耐力) and getting better.The encouragement from friends on the team has helped.“It’s just like everybody encouraging everybody，” Brown said.“‘You can do this.Push a little harder.You got there.’That cheers me up.”
5.Why was Monday’s practice held in the school
A.To build students up.
B.To train students for a race.
C.To teach running skills.
D.To help students get used to the track.
√
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Before the crowd of students rounded the track，Coach Matthew Moore at Sandburg Middle School explained the goal of Monday’s practice to get students adapted to running two miles continuously，something that was new to many of the middle-schoolers on the cross-country(越野的)team，and thus improve their fitness.”可知，在学校举行的周一练习是为了增强学生体质。故选A。
解析
6.What does the underlined part “were confronted with” mean in paragraph 2
A.Improve. B.Encounter.
C.Survive D.Prevent.
词义猜测题。根据第三段“In Fairfax County，about 17 percent of sixth-graders reported feeling stressed most of the time，and about 62 percent reported experiencing stress some of the time.Nearly 30 percent of sixth-graders reported feeling so sad or hopeless...”可知，费尔法克斯县公立学校的学生面临着心理健康危机，由此可知，画线部分意为“面临”，与encounter的意思相近，故选B。
解析
√
7.What can be learned from Brown’s experience
A.Promoting confidence is urgent.
B.Students need more encouragement.
C.Teamwork changes her greatly.
D.The practice has far-reaching influence.
√
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Claire Brown,13，joined the team at Sandburg to stay active...‘It’s just like everybody encouraging everybody，’ Brown said.”可知，布朗加入体育队后不仅增强了体质，而且还得到了鼓励，由此可推知，从布朗的经历中我们可以了解到的是训练对她的影响是深远的。故选D。
解析
8.What might be the best title for the text
A.Sandburg Middle School Running：a Great Chance to Promote
Friendship
B.Sandburg Middle School Running：an Effective Method to Reduce
Pressure
C.Sandburg Middle School Running：a New Way to Improve Students’
Wellness
D.Sandburg Middle School Running：an Unsuccessful Attempt at Fitness
Training
√
标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段和倒数第二段中“Michelle Reid，the head of Fairfax County Public Schools，hopes athletics will improve mental and physical wellness in the district’s middle schools.”可知，文章主要以桑德堡中学为例，讲了费尔法克斯县公立学校首次在中学引入体育活动，让学生跑步，这不仅提升学生的身体素质，还可以缓解学生的心理健康危机。C项“桑德堡中学的跑步活动：改善学生健康的新方式”为本文最佳标题。故选C。
解析
1.track n.足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线
vt.& vi.跟踪，追踪
2.adapt to适应
3.continuously adv.连续不断地
4.hang out with sb和某人闲逛
5.in a row连续
6.engage vt. & vi.吸引住(注意力、兴趣)；雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系 engage in (使)从事；参与
词汇积累
1.Before the crowd of students rounded the track，Coach Matthew Moore at Sandburg Middle School explained the goal of Monday’s practice to get students adapted to running two miles continuously，something that was new to many of the middle-schoolers on the cross-country team，and thus improve their fitness.
分析：此句为复合句。主句为Coach Matthew Moore explained the goal.；before引导时间状语从句；something为goal的同位语；that引导定语从句。
句式分析
翻译：在一群学生绕跑道跑步之前，桑德堡中学的马修·摩尔教练解释了周一练习的目标，即让学生适应连续跑两英里，这对越野队的许多中学生来说是新鲜事，并且借此提高他们的身体素质。
2.Nearly 30 percent of sixth-graders reported feeling so sad or hopeless almost every day for two or more weeks in a row that they stopped doing usual activities.
分析：此句含有so...that句型。
翻译：近 30% 的六年级学生表示，连续两周或更长时间几乎每天都感到如此悲伤或绝望，以至于他们停止了日常活动。
(2025·江苏扬州高一上期末)
Many medical experts say that walking is an easy way to improve physical and mental health.Walking is a great first step toward a healthy life though other forms of exercise are also important.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了散步这一简单易行的锻炼方式对身体和心理健康的益处，同时也指出了仅靠散步可能不足以维持全面健康，专家还给出了其他锻炼的建议并介绍了设定步行目标和时间目标的方法。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读
“You do not need equipment. 1 ” Dr.Sarah Eby，a sports doctor said.“And the benefits are huge.”
A.Some say walking is not enough.
B.You do not need a gym membership.
C.To keep walking，you need to find a partner.
D.However，experts say that this is only a suggestion.
E.Experts recommend adding other activities twice a week.
F.Then they can speed up while still keeping the exercise level suitable.
G.Walking also helps blood sugar levels and can help people lose weight.
√
上文“You do not need equipment.”指出散步不需要设备，B选项(你不需要健身房会员资格)与上文句式一致，进一步说明散步不需要额外的条件，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
解析
She recommends that adults should get at least two and a half hours of suitable-level physical activity every week.Walking helps achieve that.It lowers the risk of heart disease，high blood pressure，anxiety and many kinds of cancer.
2 Anita Gust teaches exercise science at the University of Minnesota Crookston.Gust said walking “is not enough for overall health and well-being” because it does not provide training that builds muscle strength.
A.Some say walking is not enough.
B.You do not need a gym membership.
C.To keep walking，you need to find a partner.
D.However，experts say that this is only a suggestion.
E.Experts recommend adding other activities twice a week.
F.Then they can speed up while still keeping the exercise level suitable.
G.Walking also helps blood sugar levels and can help people lose weight.
√
下文“Gust said walking ‘is not enough for overall health and well-being’ because it does not provide training that builds muscle strength.”指出散步对于整体健康和幸福来说是不够的，A选项(有人说散步是不够的)引出下文，下文是对A选项的具体说明。故选A项。
解析
3 These could include using weights，gym equipment or one’s own body for exercises.Training that improves flexibility，like yoga or stretching，can also be helpful.
A.Some say walking is not enough.
B.You do not need a gym membership.
C.To keep walking，you need to find a partner.
D.However，experts say that this is only a suggestion.
E.Experts recommend adding other activities twice a week.
F.Then they can speed up while still keeping the exercise level suitable.
G.Walking also helps blood sugar levels and can help people lose weight.
√
下文“These could include using weights，gym equipment or one’s own body for exercises.”指出可以使用其他方式进行锻炼，E选项(专家建议每周增加两次其他活动)引出下文，说明专家建议除了散步外，还应增加其他锻炼活动，下文中“These”指代选项中“other activities”。故选E项。
解析
Many people have heard about the walking goal of 10,000 steps a day. 4 The average American walks about 3,000 to 4,000 steps a day，and it is fine to increase that number to 10,000.
A.Some say walking is not enough.
B.You do not need a gym membership.
C.To keep walking，you need to find a partner.
D.However，experts say that this is only a suggestion.
E.Experts recommend adding other activities twice a week.
F.Then they can speed up while still keeping the exercise level suitable.
G.Walking also helps blood sugar levels and can help people lose weight.
√
上文“Many people have heard about the walking goal of 10,000 steps a day.”提到很多人都知道每天走10 000步的目标，D选项(然而，专家说这只是一个建议)与上文构成转折关系，指出这个目标只是一个建议，并非必须达到的标准，下文“The average American walks about 3,000 to 4,000 steps a day，and it is fine to increase that number to 10,000.”进一步说明这一点。故选D项。
解析
Setting a time goal can also be useful.Eby suggests dividing the recommended 150 minutes a week into 30 minutes a day，or 10 minutes three times a day，for five days.In a few months，they will become experienced walkers.
5 “If you can talk but not sing，” Eby said，“that is what we consider suitable-level exercise.”
A.Some say walking is not enough.
B.You do not need a gym membership.
C.To keep walking，you need to find a partner.
D.However，experts say that this is only a suggestion.
E.Experts recommend adding other activities twice a week.
F.Then they can speed up while still keeping the exercise level suitable.
G.Walking also helps blood sugar levels and can help people lose weight.
√
上文“In a few months，they will become experienced walkers.”指出坚持几个月后，人们就会成为有经验的步行者，F选项(然后他们可以加快速度，同时保持适当的锻炼水平)承接上文，说明成为有经验的步行者后，可以加快步行速度，同时保持适当的锻炼水平，下文“‘If you can talk but not sing，’ Eby said，‘that is what we consider suitable-level exercise.’”对适当水平的锻炼进行了解释说明。故选F项。
解析
(2025·广东汕头高一上期末)
Sports are the base of my life，next to my mother who raised me when my dad left us.I 1.__________(be) into sports since I was six years old.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小热爱运动，遇到许多教练，但高中时遇到了一位最严格的教练，他不仅要求学生在球场上全力以赴，还注重学生的学业和个人成长，这让作者深受影响。
have been
Ⅴ.语法填空
考查动词时态和主谓一致。空处作句子的谓语，根据“since I was six years old”可知，时态应用现在完成时，且主语是I，助动词应用have。故填have been。
解析
I have known many 2. (coach) and heard hundreds of their tips，but they usually focused on drills(训练) 3. (develop) my skills and reach the next level of play.
coaches
2.考查名词复数。根据空前的“many”可知，可数名词coach应用复数形式。故填coaches。
3.考查非谓语动词。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作目的状语，表示“为了……”，应用develop“提高”的不定式形式。故填to develop。
解析
to develop
When I was in Senior Two，I met the new school basketball coach，Brian Pawlowski.I thought that I was certain to 4. (choose) for the school team since I had been in it the year before. I showed up to the tryouts(选拔赛) and put out about 90% effort because I thought I would make 5._____ with no problem.That was a big mistake.
be chosen
4.考查动词语态。固定搭配be certain to do表示“一定会做某事”，根据语境可知，choose“选择”和I逻辑上是被动关系，即“我被选中”，应用不定式的被动语态。故填be chosen。
5.考查代词。固定短语make it意为“成功做到，达到目标”。故填it。
解析
it
Brian Pawlowski is the 6. (strict) coach I have ever met.He didn’t expect 100% effort，but he expected 200% effort.Some think this is crazy，but it isn’t.After training，as we were getting a cup of water to drink.I said，“Mr Pawlowski，your lesson really makes 7. big difference to me.”
strictest
6.考查形容词最高级。根据the和“I have ever met”可知，此处表示三者以上的比较，需用strict的最高级形式，意为“最严格的”。故填strictest。
7.考查冠词。短语make a difference to意为“对……有影响，对……起作用”。故填a。
解析
a
8. (actual)，I was very sincere.He expects us to be excellent not only on the court 9. in the classroom.
Actually
but
8.考查副词。空处修饰整个句子，应用actual的副词形式actually，意为“事实上”，作状语，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Actually。
9.考查连词。固定结构not only...but (also)...，意为“不但……而且……”。故填but。
解析
If I am not working on basketball，I am reading a book 10. he thinks will help us better understand life’s challenges.
that/which
考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a book，从句中的he thinks为插入语，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。
解析
返 回
本课结束Period 3　Grammar and usage—Passive voice in the present continuous and present perfect tenses
阅读以下短文，感知加黑部分并归纳填空。
Are you ready to get fit We are happy to announce that the Community Sports Centre will soon be open to the public once again！①Our facilities have been enlarged and redone，and our centre is now bigger and better than ever before.②The finishing touches are now being put to a new swimming pool, and our workout rooms have been updated with modern e by and check them out!
There are a lot of fitness courses for you to choose from.③In response to public interest，our aerobics class has been replaced with several fun options，including modern dance.You can find more details about all our courses on our website.Better still，we will update our fitness courses every few months so that more popular courses can be included.④Weight training classes，for example，are being designed and will be added to our programme soon.We will invite professional athletes to be our coaches.We are confident that we have something for everyone.We look forward to seeing you here!
[自主发现]
上文中加黑部分均使用了被动语态，时态分别为现在进行时和现在完成时。句②④含有现在进行时的被动语态，其结构是am/is/are being done。句①②③含有现在完成时的被动语态，其结构是have/has been done。
现在进行时的被动语态
一、现在进行时的被动语态的用法
1．表示说话时正在进行的被动动作，句中常用now，at the moment等时间状语。
My younger sister is now being tended to by our mother in the hospital.
我妹妹现在正在医院里由母亲照顾。
2．表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(说话时不一定在进行)。
These animals are being hunted at such a speed that they will disappear soon.
这些动物正在以这样的速度被猎杀，它们很快就会消失。
3．表示一种习惯的被动行为，常与always，constantly，frequently等词连用，表示赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感彩。
I feel very surprised that the window of our classroom is frequently being broken.
我感到非常吃惊的是我们教室的那扇窗户经常被打破。
4．与某些情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的被动动作的推测。
Jim may be being interviewed by the reporters at the very moment.
吉姆此刻可能正在接受记者的采访。
5．有些“介词＋名词”结构可以表示现在进行时的被动意义。如on show，in use，under protection，under repair，under discussion，under consideration，under treatment等。
The telephone is in use now.＝The telephone is being used now.
现在电话正在使用中。
The problem is under discussion at the meeting now.
＝The problem is being discussed at the meeting now.
现在这个问题正在会议上被讨论。
二、现在进行时的被动语态注意事项
1．不可遗漏being。
在现在进行时的被动语态中be(am/is/are)为第一助动词，being为第二助动词，缺一不可，且位置不可互换。如果我们把being漏掉，就会成为一般现在时的被动语态或系表结构。
Look! The children are being taken care of by their aunt.瞧！那些孩子正由他们的姑妈照看着。
Children are taken good care of at school.
孩子们在学校被照顾得很好。(一般现在时的被动语态)
The report is well written.
这份报告写得很好。(系表结构)
2．现在进行时的被动语态也可以表示将来。
现在进行时的被动语态有时可表示按计划或安排将要进行的一个被动动作(此种用法仅限于少数及物动词，如hold，take等)。
A party is being held tonight.
今晚将要举行一场晚会。
3．一些表示状态、心理活动、拥有、存在等的动词，如have，want，need，like，realize等，一般没有进行时的被动语态，而常用一般现在时的被动语态表示此时此刻或目前主语正在承受谓语动词表示的动作。
Mary，come here.You are wanted on the phone.玛丽，过来，有你的电话。
4．take care of，look after，talk about，think of等“动词＋介词”构成的短语用于现在进行时的被动语态时，其中的介词不可省略。
The ways to stop illegal hunting are being talked about.阻止非法捕猎的方法正在讨论中。
现在完成时的被动语态
一、现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1．现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的被动动作对现在的影响或结果，通常与already，yet，just，never，recently等副词连用。
The car has already been well maintained and is in good condition.
这辆汽车一直保养得很好，状况不错。
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long...？”句式中。
Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours.
公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。
How long has this film been shown
这部电影已经放映多长时间了？
3．用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的被动动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
You shouldn’t leave school before your homework has been finished.
在你的作业完成之前你不应该离开学校。
[点津] 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语：
already已经；yet已经，尚，还；recently/lately最近；since then从那时起；ever since自那以来；ever曾经；so far迄今为止；for a long time很长一段时间；by now到现在为止；in recent years在最近的几年里；in/during/over the past/last years在过去的几年里
二、现在完成时的被动语态注意事项
1．与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系，而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在的情况有联系。
The park was restored last year.
这个公园去年被修复了。(仅说明动作发生于过去)
The park has been restored.
这个公园已被修复了。(说明动作发生于过去，但对现在有影响，即现在公园已经被修复了)
2．非延续性动词，如borrow，finish，begin，start，buy，marry，open，join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时间状语。
The work was finished two weeks ago.
这项工作于两周前被完成。
The work has been finished.
这项工作已经被完成。
3．短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动语态中要保持其完整性，其中的介词或副词不可省略。
It is said that the problem has been looked into.
据说这个问题已经被调查过了。
4．不及物动词或词组无被动语态。
Great changes have taken place since 1978.
自1978年以来发生了巨大的变化。
5．带有双宾语的动词，如give，send，bring，take，teach，show，tell，make，sing，write，read，sell，buy，pay，lend，pass，promise等，变为被动语态时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保留不动。
We have given him a lot of cash.
→He has been given a lot of cash.
→A lot of cash has been given to him.
我们给了他很多现金。
6．带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只能将宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语改为主语补足语。原来省略to的不定式作宾补的，被动语态中要用带to的不定式。
The boss has made us work hard in order to finish the project on time.
→We have been made to work hard by the boss in order to finish the project on time.
老板让我们努力工作，以便按时完成这个项目。
Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．Paper money has been used(use) for over one thousand years.
2．Many new things have been invented(invent) in the last ten years.
3．As you can see，many trees are being cut(cut) down by humans at present.
4．More than 100 famous films have been shown(show) in the city since July.
5．This dictionary is being used(use) at the moment，so I can’t lend it to you now.
6．Wait for a minute.The dishes for dinner are being cooked(cook) in the kitchen.
7．It is the first time that the old computer has been checked(check) since I bought it.
8．Little Mary is always being praised(praise) for her good performance by her teacher.
9．The boy is so curious that he wants to know what is being discussed(discuss) now in the secret room.
10．To our relief，up to now the injured in the crash have been carried(carry) to the nearby hospital.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．我感到很奇怪，我们店的商品总是被偷。
I feel very puzzled that the goods in our shop are always being stolen.
2．这位老人已经在养老院被照顾了二十年了。
The old man has been looked after/taken care of for twenty years in the nursing home.
3．我的洗衣机这周正在被修理，所以我不得不手洗衣服。
My washing machine is being repaired this week，so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
4．到目前为止，给你多少建议了？
How many suggestions have been given to you so far
作业3　Grammar and usage
[分值：69.5分]
Ⅰ.同义句转换(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．At the moment people are carrying out further research into the virus.
→At the moment further research into the virus is being carried out.
2．Don’t worry! We are taking measures at present to stop such a thing from happening again.
→Don’t worry! Measures are being taken at present to stop such a thing from happening again.
3．Frank has to go to work by taxi currently because his car is under repair at the garage.
→Frank has to go to work by taxi currently because his car is being repaired at the garage.
4．They haven’t given any permission to enter the lab since it was closed.
→Not any permission to enter the lab has been given (by them) since it was closed.
5．We have not decided when and where to go on holiday yet.
→When and where to go on holiday has not been decided yet.
Ⅱ.阅读下面短文，根据括号内的汉语提示补全语篇(共4小题；每小题3分，满分12分)
As is known to all，waste 1.has become a more and more serious problem(已经成为一个越来越严重的问题)．We can easily see many people do not turn off the lights after using them; many disposable(一次性的) products 2.are being used(正在被使用) in our daily life; some good food 3.has been seen everywhere(已经到处可见) in the garbage can.In the office，some equipment is often on for a long time but nobody is using it.What’s worse，a great deal of paper 4.has been wasted(已经被浪费了)．
In my opinion，we should call on more and more people to fight against waste.
Ⅲ.主题语篇阅读(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Kurt Fearnley，one of Australia’s most respected and recognized athletes，has won over 40 marathons，including New York，Chicago and London，in his career of more than 20 years.He became the first athlete with a disability to win The Don Award—given to honor those whose achievements inspire the whole nation—in the Sport Australia Hall of Fame in 2018.
Kurt has always been determined.Being born without the lower part of his spine(脊椎) has never held him back，from backyard games of football to crewing an attractive Sydney to Hobart ship and winning dozens of marathons around the world.
Growing up in a large and loving family in the small town of Carcoar，Kurt was encouraged to make the most of every opportunity，and he did.He took on almost every challenge presented to him，encouraged by his parents.He even managed to move himself on his elbows up and down hills at an early age.
Turning his attention to wheelchair sports in his teens，Kurt quickly became a world beater.He started his career with two silver medals at the 2000 Sydney Paralympic Games，before making his winning breakthrough at the 2004 Athens Paralympics with gold medals in the 5,000m and marathon races.Following the 2004 Paralympics，Kurt conquered the world，winning seven world championships and more than 30 marathons around the globe.
Kurt is a person who supports the rights of people with disabilities.He throws himself into a number of charitable activities.For example，in 2009，Kurt spent two weeks crawling(爬) the 96 kilometer Kokoda Track to raise awareness and money for people’s health charity.
While Kurt’s athletic career is over，his commitment(投入) to sports and support for people with disabilities live on in so many different forms.Kurt believes that people with disabilities should be given more opportunities.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚运动员Kurt Fearnley取得了非凡的成绩，同时他还致力于慈善事业，帮助残疾人。
1．What does paragraph 1 tell us about Kurt
A．He contributed a lot to American spirit.
B．He is the most popular marathon athlete.
C．He is the first athlete to win The Don Award.
D．He is a disabled athlete with great achievements.
答案　D
解析　段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知，第一段告诉我们Kurt是一位成绩斐然的残疾运动员。故选D。
2．What can we learn from paragraph 3
A．Kurt’s living conditions were poor.
B．Kurt’s parents were strict with him.
C．Kurt’s tough life inspired his creation.
D．Kurt’s childhood saw his determination.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段“Growing up in a large and loving family in the small town of Carcoar，Kurt was encouraged to make the most of every opportunity，and he did...He even managed to move himself on his elbows up and down hills at an early age.”可知，Kurt的童年见证了他的决心。故选D。
3．Who will benefit from Kurt’s charitable activities probably
A．A sick teenager.
B．A blind boy.
C．An injured athlete.
D．A potential champion.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Kurt is a person who supports the rights of people with disabilities.He throws himself into a number of charitable activities.”可知，Kurt支持维护残疾人士的权利并投身于很多慈善活动，因此，一个盲人男孩可能会从Kurt的慈善活动中受益。故选B。
4．What does Kurt’s story tell us
A．Learn to walk before your run.
B．Ups and downs make one strong.
C．Become the light and warm others.
D．Disability is a force for great progress.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚运动员Kurt Fearnley取得了非凡的成绩，同时他还致力于慈善事业，帮助残疾人。因此，他的故事告诉我们要成为光，温暖他人。故选C。
B(此篇精读)
(2025·河南三门峡高一上期末)
Before the crowd of students rounded the track，Coach Matthew Moore at Sandburg Middle School explained the goal of Monday’s practice to get students adapted to running two miles continuously，something that was new to many of the middle-schoolers on the cross-country(越野的) team，and thus improve their fitness.However，some students’ reason for circling the track was hanging out with friends as much as running.
The teachers and administrators at Sandburg Middle School already knew that.In fact，creating opportunities to make friends and build community was part of the reason Fairfax County Public Schools decided to introduce sports to its middle schools for the first time this year.This came as schools around the county were confronted with a mental health crisis.
In Fairfax County，about 17 percent of sixth-graders reported feeling stressed most of the time，and about 62 percent reported experiencing stress some of the time.Nearly 30 percent of sixth-graders reported feeling so sad or hopeless almost every day for two or more weeks in a row that they stopped doing usual activities.
Michelle Reid，the head of Fairfax County Public Schools，hopes athletics will improve mental and physical wellness in the district’s middle schools.“We’re in a mental health crisis in many ways，and also a fitness crisis in this county.It’s really important for students to be active and engaged in sports，and we’re just excited at that possibility，” said Reid.
Claire Brown,13，joined the team at Sandburg to stay active.Running was not her “strong suit”，but she said she could already feel herself building endurance(耐力) and getting better.The encouragement from friends on the team has helped.“It’s just like everybody encouraging everybody，” Brown said.“‘You can do this.Push a little harder.You got there.’That cheers me up.”
语篇解读　本文是说明文。文章主要以桑德堡中学为例，讲了费尔法克斯县公立学校首次在其中学引入体育活动，组织学生进行跑步训练，这不仅有助于提升学生的身体素质，还可以缓解学生面临的心理健康危机。
5．Why was Monday’s practice held in the school
A．To build students up.
B．To train students for a race.
C．To teach running skills.
D．To help students get used to the track.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Before the crowd of students rounded the track，Coach Matthew Moore at Sandburg Middle School explained the goal of Monday’s practice to get students adapted to running two miles continuously，something that was new to many of the middle-schoolers on the cross-country(越野的)team，and thus improve their fitness.”可知，在学校举行的周一练习是为了增强学生体质。故选A。
6．What does the underlined part “were confronted with” mean in paragraph 2
A．Improve. B．Encounter.
C．Survive D．Prevent.
答案　B
解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段“In Fairfax County，about 17 percent of sixth-graders reported feeling stressed most of the time，and about 62 percent reported experiencing stress some of the time.Nearly 30 percent of sixth-graders reported feeling so sad or hopeless...”可知，费尔法克斯县公立学校的学生面临着心理健康危机，由此可知，画线部分意为“面临”，与encounter的意思相近，故选B。
7．What can be learned from Brown’s experience
A．Promoting confidence is urgent.
B．Students need more encouragement.
C．Teamwork changes her greatly.
D．The practice has far-reaching influence.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Claire Brown,13，joined the team at Sandburg to stay active...‘It’s just like everybody encouraging everybody，’ Brown said.”可知，布朗加入体育队后不仅增强了体质，而且还得到了鼓励，由此可推知，从布朗的经历中我们可以了解到的是训练对她的影响是深远的。故选D。
8．What might be the best title for the text
A．Sandburg Middle School Running：a Great Chance to Promote Friendship
B．Sandburg Middle School Running：an Effective Method to Reduce Pressure
C．Sandburg Middle School Running：a New Way to Improve Students’ Wellness
D．Sandburg Middle School Running：an Unsuccessful Attempt at Fitness Training
答案　C
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段和倒数第二段中“Michelle Reid，the head of Fairfax County Public Schools，hopes athletics will improve mental and physical wellness in the district’s middle schools.”可知，文章主要以桑德堡中学为例，讲了费尔法克斯县公立学校首次在中学引入体育活动，让学生跑步，这不仅提升学生的身体素质，还可以缓解学生的心理健康危机。C项“桑德堡中学的跑步活动：改善学生健康的新方式”为本文最佳标题。故选C。
[词汇积累]
1．track n．足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线
vt.& vi.跟踪，追踪
2．adapt to适应
3．continuously adv.连续不断地
4．hang out with sb和某人闲逛
5．in a row连续
6．engage vt. & vi.吸引住(注意力、兴趣)；雇用，聘用；与……建立密切关系 engage in (使)从事；参与
[句式分析]
1．Before the crowd of students rounded the track，Coach Matthew Moore at Sandburg Middle School explained the goal of Monday’s practice to get students adapted to running two miles continuously，something that was new to many of the middle-schoolers on the cross-country team，and thus improve their fitness.
分析：此句为复合句。主句为Coach Matthew Moore explained the goal.；before引导时间状语从句；something为goal的同位语；that引导定语从句。
翻译：在一群学生绕跑道跑步之前，桑德堡中学的马修·摩尔教练解释了周一练习的目标，即让学生适应连续跑两英里，这对越野队的许多中学生来说是新鲜事，并且借此提高他们的身体素质。
2．Nearly 30 percent of sixth-graders reported feeling so sad or hopeless almost every day for two or more weeks in a row that they stopped doing usual activities.
分析：此句含有so...that句型。
翻译：近 30% 的六年级学生表示，连续两周或更长时间几乎每天都感到如此悲伤或绝望，以至于他们停止了日常活动。
Ⅳ.七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·江苏扬州高一上期末)
Many medical experts say that walking is an easy way to improve physical and mental health.Walking is a great first step toward a healthy life though other forms of exercise are also important.
“You do not need equipment. 1 ” Dr.Sarah Eby，a sports doctor said.“And the benefits are huge.” She recommends that adults should get at least two and a half hours of suitable-level physical activity every week.Walking helps achieve that.It lowers the risk of heart disease，high blood pressure，anxiety and many kinds of cancer.
2 Anita Gust teaches exercise science at the University of Minnesota Crookston.Gust said walking “is not enough for overall health and well-being” because it does not provide training that builds muscle strength. 3 These could include using weights，gym equipment or one’s own body for exercises.Training that improves flexibility，like yoga or stretching，can also be helpful.
Many people have heard about the walking goal of 10,000 steps a day. 4 The average American walks about 3,000 to 4,000 steps a day，and it is fine to increase that number to 10,000.
Setting a time goal can also be useful.Eby suggests dividing the recommended 150 minutes a week into 30 minutes a day，or 10 minutes three times a day，for five days.In a few months，they will become experienced walkers. 5 “If you can talk but not sing，” Eby said，“that is what we consider suitable-level exercise.”
A．Some say walking is not enough.
B．You do not need a gym membership.
C．To keep walking，you need to find a partner.
D．However，experts say that this is only a suggestion.
E．Experts recommend adding other activities twice a week.
F．Then they can speed up while still keeping the exercise level suitable.
G．Walking also helps blood sugar levels and can help people lose weight.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了散步这一简单易行的锻炼方式对身体和心理健康的益处，同时也指出了仅靠散步可能不足以维持全面健康，专家还给出了其他锻炼的建议并介绍了设定步行目标和时间目标的方法。
1．答案　B
解析　上文“You do not need equipment.”指出散步不需要设备，B选项(你不需要健身房会员资格)与上文句式一致，进一步说明散步不需要额外的条件，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
2．答案　A
解析　下文“Gust said walking ‘is not enough for overall health and well-being’ because it does not provide training that builds muscle strength.”指出散步对于整体健康和幸福来说是不够的，A选项(有人说散步是不够的)引出下文，下文是对A选项的具体说明。故选A项。
3．答案　E
解析　下文“These could include using weights，gym equipment or one’s own body for exercises.”指出可以使用其他方式进行锻炼，E选项(专家建议每周增加两次其他活动)引出下文，说明专家建议除了散步外，还应增加其他锻炼活动，下文中“These”指代选项中“other activities”。故选E项。
4．答案　D
解析　上文“Many people have heard about the walking goal of 10,000 steps a day.”提到很多人都知道每天走10 000步的目标，D选项(然而，专家说这只是一个建议)与上文构成转折关系，指出这个目标只是一个建议，并非必须达到的标准，下文“The average American walks about 3,000 to 4,000 steps a day，and it is fine to increase that number to 10,000.”进一步说明这一点。故选D项。
5．答案　F
解析　上文“In a few months，they will become experienced walkers.”指出坚持几个月后，人们就会成为有经验的步行者，F选项(然后他们可以加快速度，同时保持适当的锻炼水平)承接上文，说明成为有经验的步行者后，可以加快步行速度，同时保持适当的锻炼水平，下文“‘If you can talk but not sing，’ Eby said，‘that is what we consider suitable-level exercise.’”对适当水平的锻炼进行了解释说明。故选F项。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·广东汕头高一上期末)
Sports are the base of my life，next to my mother who raised me when my dad left us.I 1.________(be) into sports since I was six years old.I have known many 2. (coach) and heard hundreds of their tips，but they usually focused on drills(训练) 3. (develop) my skills and reach the next level of play.
When I was in Senior Two，I met the new school basketball coach，Brian Pawlowski.I thought that I was certain to 4. (choose) for the school team since I had been in it the year before.I showed up to the tryouts(选拔赛) and put out about 90% effort because I thought I would make 5. _________ with no problem.That was a big mistake.
Brian Pawlowski is the 6. (strict) coach I have ever met.He didn’t expect 100% effort，but he expected 200% effort.Some think this is crazy，but it isn’t.After training，as we were getting a cup of water to drink.I said，“Mr Pawlowski，your lesson really makes 7. big difference to me.”8. (actual)，I was very sincere.He expects us to be excellent not only on the court 9. in the classroom.If I am not working on basketball，I am reading a book 10. he thinks will help us better understand life’s challenges.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小热爱运动，遇到许多教练，但高中时遇到了一位最严格的教练，他不仅要求学生在球场上全力以赴，还注重学生的学业和个人成长，这让作者深受影响。
1．答案　have been
解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。空处作句子的谓语，根据“since I was six years old”可知，时态应用现在完成时，且主语是I，助动词应用have。故填have been。
2．答案　coaches
解析　考查名词复数。根据空前的“many”可知，可数名词coach应用复数形式。故填coaches。
3．答案　to develop
解析　考查非谓语动词。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作目的状语，表示“为了……”，应用develop“提高”的不定式形式。故填to develop。
4．答案　be chosen
解析　考查动词语态。固定搭配be certain to do表示“一定会做某事”，根据语境可知，choose“选择”和I逻辑上是被动关系，即“我被选中”，应用不定式的被动语态。故填be chosen。
5．答案　it
解析　考查代词。固定短语make it意为“成功做到，达到目标”。故填it。
6．答案　strictest
解析　考查形容词最高级。根据the和“I have ever met”可知，此处表示三者以上的比较，需用strict的最高级形式，意为“最严格的”。故填strictest。
7．答案　a
解析　考查冠词。短语make a difference to意为“对……有影响，对……起作用”。故填a。
8．答案　Actually
解析　考查副词。空处修饰整个句子，应用actual的副词形式actually，意为“事实上”，作状语，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Actually。
9．答案　but
解析　考查连词。固定结构not only...but (also)．..，意为“不但……而且……”。故填but。
10．答案　that/which
解析　考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a book，从句中的he thinks为插入语，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。

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