资源简介

(共87张PPT)
主题语境:人与社会——大众媒体
UNIT 1　The mass media——大众媒体
大观念之单元话题:本单元的主题语境是“人与社会”,话题为“大众传媒”,涉及的 语篇类型有:视频、新闻报道、论说文、杂志文章等。本单元的学习旨在引导学生正确认识并理解大众传媒的形式和内涵,以及它们对日常生活和社会发展的影响和作用,并帮助学生学会合理使用各种大众传媒工具。
①briefly / bri fli/ adv.简短地,简要地;短暂地
②ignore / ɡ n (r)/ vt.忽视,对……不予理会
③insecurity / ns kj r ti/ n.不安全
④deactivate / di kt ve t/ vt.使(仪器等)停止工作
⑤focus on 专注于
⑥set a dangerous example 树立一个危险的榜样
⑦come up with　提出,想出;找到主意
类文悦读·情境导学
　　“我”的社交媒体上出现了一条消息,“我”对自己身体的不安全感是由一条小小的信息带来的。这让“我”开始考虑远离社交媒体。
My social media
A message appeared in my social media.It was from a woman I met briefly① through a friend.“Hello,lady.Invite you to join my next challenge group — we’ll be focusing on⑤ fitting in 30 minutes of exercise,balanced nutrition and motivation.Let me help you reach your goals!”
I laughed and ignored② it.Though I’m a little fat,I’m healthy.But the meaning behind the message stuck with me all day.The more the day went on,the heavier her message weighed on me.The insecurity③ about my body was brought to life by one little message.That got me thinking about stepping away from social media.
But what drove the nail into my social media coffin was when I posted a photo — and five minutes later my son asked how many “likes” it got.
Likes equal acceptance and approval,which need to come from within.I unknowingly set a dangerous example⑥ as it won’t be long before he has his own phone and the freedom to post his own pictures.I didn’t want him to wait for his friends to “like” them and like and accept him.He should know his self－worth doesn’t rely on what others think or click.
I deactivated④ my social account.At first I felt lost.I missed the mindless scrolling while waiting in lineups.I carried a book with me.I’d been in the habit of checking social media as the first thing in the morning and the last thing at night,so I had to come up with⑦ some new habits.
And the results were immediate once the fog of social media disappeared.We were much happier as a family because I was completely present and the break left me feeling better about myself,my family,my home and my life.
文本整体理解
内
容
索
引
语篇助解释疑
课时测评作业
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
文 本 整 体 理 解
Step One:Pre-reading
According to the title and the pictures,can you guess what the passage mainly talks about
　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　
I think,this passage is mainly about the reasons why news reports differ from each other and how to be a critical news reader by comparing two news reports.
Step Two:While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1.What’s the main idea of the passage
A.The reasons for the big fire and the rescue efforts.
B.The bad consequences of big fires and how to prevent them.
C.The reasons and ways to be a critical news reader.
D.The differences between news reports and the possible reasons.
√
2.Read the passage quickly and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1　A.Journalists may have different priorities,which would influence how they report an event.
Para.2　B.How to become critical news readers.
Para.3　C.News reports on the same events contain different or even contradictory information.
Para.4　D.News reports are written at different stages of an event and from different sources.
答案 Para.1 C　Para.2 A　Para.3 D　Para.4 B
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What is the function of the two news reports from the perspective of the whole passage
A.To explain why the fire broke out.
B.To show the author’s concerns about the fire.
C.To provide detailed information about the fire.
D.To show different focuses on the fire.
√
2.What do we know about the fire
A.Its cause had been found out.
B.It killed and injured 25 people in all.
C.It wasn’t completely put out until 11 p.m.
D.It was caused by the construction company.
√
3.How does the author develop the article Reading news reports critically
A.By making definitions.
B.By giving examples.
C.By presenting questions.
D.By analyzing reasons and effects.
√
4.Which of the following statements is not true
A.The second news report pays more attention to the deadly damage.
B.Different journalists may have different judgments about the same news.
C.Journalists tend to choose the minimum when an estimate of a number is given.
D.With new facts brought to light,news reports may contain different information.
√
5.What is the writing purpose
A.To warn readers of the danger of fire.
B.To praise the firefighters for their bravery.
C.To encourage readers to be critical about news reports.
D.To persuade readers to search for the truth by themselves.
√
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.难句解构
1.Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5,according to figures released by emergency services.
学会断句:此句为主从复合句。其中that引导　　　　从句,是对前面Fears的解释说明;released by emergency services为过去分词短语作　　 　　,修饰figures。
同位语
后置定语
尝试翻译:　　　　　　　　　　　

根据应急服务机构公布的数据,人们更加担心死亡人数可能达到5人。
2.It is advisable to remember that journalists may have different priorities,which would influence how they report an event.
学会断句:此句为复合句。It为　　 　　,动词不定式短语to remember...为真正的主语;that引导　　 　　从句;which引导______________________从句;how they report an event为how引导的　　　　从句。
尝试翻译:　　　　　　　　　　　
　
形式主语
宾语
非限制性定语
宾语
明智的做法是记住记者可能会有不同的优先事项,这将会影响他们如何报道一则事件。
Ⅱ.翻转课堂(课文语法填空)
Fill in the following blanks according to the passage.
It was reported that a terrible fire had broken 1._______________ in the Henderson Tower on Sunday night.Different news reports on 2.____________ same events contained different or even contradictory information.The first report focused on the rescue efforts 3._________ (made) by firefighters while the second one stressed deaths and injuries.In that case,we can’t help 4.　　　　　　　　 (wonder) how these differences come about.The reasons are as follows:
out
the
made
wondering
First of all,journalists may have different 5.__________ (priority), which would influence how they report an event.Besides,news reports written at different stages could contain different information as new facts 6.　　　　　　　　 (bring) to light.Furthermore,journalists may approach information they get from research or interviews differently and they may choose to present the minimum,the maximum or something in between in their news reports.To sum up,7.__________ is suggested that we read news reports from various perspectives and at
priorities
are brought
it
different stages,which brings us a 8.　　　　 　　 (accurate) understanding of a situation.We should also bear in mind that we need to read news reports 9.　　　　　　(critical) and remember not to blindly trust 10.　　　　　　 we have read.
more accurate
critically
what
语 篇 助 解 释 疑
原文呈现]　 Be a critical①news reader!
Firefighters put out tower block fire
Firefighters quickly put out the Henderson Tower fire last night.The fire,which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night,leaving people on the upper floors trapped②.Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5,according to figures released③ by emergency services.Fire engines and ambulances④,called at 9:30 p.m.,reached the
scene within 15 minutes.By this time,the fire had extended⑤ to the 15th floor.Firefighters got the situation under control around 11 p.m.There is concern that the construction⑥ company that built the tower block had not followed fire safety rules.[1]
[1]句中第一个that引导同位语从句,修饰concern,第二个that引导定语从句,修饰company。
Deadly fire in tower block causes serious damage
A terrible fire broke out⑦ on Sunday night,leaving the Henderson Tower seriously damaged.Emergency services estimate⑧ that the number of deaths could reach 9.By this morning,4 people have been confirmed⑨ dead.The fire has also left dozens of⑩ people injured,5 of whom are in a critical condition.Lisa Mayer,29,is among the lucky ones who only suffered minor injuries.She recalled,“I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and dogs barking .I looked outside and the smoke was choking me.It was like an awful dream.”
Mr Peterson,head of the fire service,confirms that a dropped cigarette end on a carpet of the 8th floor started the fire and that the automatic fire alarms did not go off quickly enough to prevent the disaster.[2] A team is currently investigating the accident further.
[2]句中confirms后跟两个that引导的宾语从句。
Reading news reports critically
We rely on news to learn about what is happening in the world around us.However,we usually find that reports on the same events contain different or even contradictory information.How do these differences come about
It is advisable to remember that journalists may have different priorities ,which would influence how they report an event.Let’s take the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire as an example.We can see that the first news report pays more attention to the rescue efforts,while the second talks more about deaths and injuries.[3] When we read more than one report,we come to understand an event in a more comprehensive way.
[3]句中while引导两个并列分句,在第一个分句中,that引导宾语从句。
Even if news reports are written from basically the same perspective,they may contradict each other in terms of factual details,as events in the real world are usually complicated and constantly changing.[4]For instance ,the numbers of deaths differ in the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire.When we come across such factual differences,we should not rush to the conclusion that one of the news reports gives false information.Instead,check when the reports were written.News reports written at different stages
of an event could contain different information as new facts are brought to light .Another aspect worthy of mention is that journalists may approach information they get from research or interviews differently.Suppose emergency services’ estimates of the number of deaths vary between 5 and 9.Journalists may choose to present the minimum ,the maximum or something in between in their news reports.Therefore,checking different sources enables us to draw a more informed conclusion.
[4]句中Even if引导让步状语从句,as引导原因状语从句。
To sum up ,it is wise to read news reports written from various perspectives and at different stages,which brings us a more accurate understanding of a situation.We also need to be critical about the information we receive and remember not to blindly trust what we have read.[5] Though journalists are committed to presenting the truth,it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports.With great discrimination ,every one of us has the potential to be a critical news reader.
[5]句中we receive是定语从句,修饰information;what引导宾语从句。
[名师圈点]
①critical / kr t kl/ adj.批评的,批判性的;关键的;危急的
②trap /tr p/ vt. 使落入险境;卡住,绊住 n.陷阱,罗网;圈套;困境,牢笼
be trapped in 陷入
③release /r li s/ vt.发布;释放;松开;发泄 n.释放;发行;排放,泄漏
④ambulance / mbj l ns/ n.救护车
⑤extend / k stend/ vi.&vt.延伸(距离);扩大;延长;伸展
⑥construction /k n str k n/ n.建筑,建造;建造物
⑦break out (战争、火灾、瘟疫等)爆发
[语用]不及物动词短语,不用于被动语态。
⑧estimate / est m t/ vt.& n.估计,估算
⑨confirm /k n f m/ vt.证实,确认
⑩dozen / d zn/ n.许多;(一)打;十来个
dozens of很多,许多
minor / ma n (r)/ adj.轻微的,次要的 n.辅修科目 vi.(+in) 辅修
minor injuries 轻伤
[反义]major / me d (r)/ adj.主要的,重要的 n.主修课程 vi.(+in)主修
bath /bɑ θ/ n.洗澡,洗浴;浴缸,浴盆
have/take a bath 洗澡
[拓展]bathe /be / vt.&vi.(给……)洗澡
scream /skri m/ vi.&vt.尖叫;高声喊;发出大而尖的声音 n.尖叫,尖锐刺耳的声音
scream at... 朝……大喊大叫
scream with excitement/fear 兴奋地/害怕地尖叫
bark /bɑ k/ vi.(狗)吠叫 vt.厉声发令 n.(狗)吠声;短促响亮的人声;树皮
choke /t k/vt.&vi.(使)窒息;(使)哽咽,(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来
be choked up with... 被……堵塞
cigarette / s ɡ ret/ n.香烟
cigarette end 香烟头
carpet / kɑ p t/n.地毯;覆盖地面的一层厚东西
a carpet of snow 一层厚厚的雪
automatic / t m t k/ adj.自动的;无意识的,不假思索的
investigate / n vest ɡe t/ vt.&vi.侦查,调查;研究
contradictory / k ntr d kt ri/adj.矛盾的,对立的
come about 发生
journalist / d n l st/ n.新闻记者,新闻工作者
[构词法]-ist是常见的名词后缀,表示“从事……的人,专业人员”。类似的词还有biologist(生物学家),dentist(牙医)等。
journalism / d n l z m/ n.新闻业,新闻工作
priority /pra r ti/ n.优先事项,首要事情;优先权,重点
give priority to 优先考虑
contradict / k ntr d kt/vt.相矛盾,相反;反驳,驳斥
factual / f kt u l/ adj.事实的,真实的
instance / nst ns/ n.例子,事例
for instance 例如,比如
differ / d f (r)/ vi.相异;意见相左
conclusion /k n klu n/ n.结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成
rush to the conclusion匆忙下结论
false /f ls/ adj.错误的,不真实的;非天生的;假的,伪造的;不真诚的
false information 错误信息
bring sth to light 揭露,披露
minimum / m n m m/n.最小值,最少量 adj.最低的,最小的
maximum / m ks m m/n.最大量,最大限度 adj.最高的,最多的
sum up 总结,概括
sum /s m/ n.金额,款项;总和,总数;全部
accurate / kj r t/ adj.正确无误的;精确的
committed /k m t d/ adj.尽心尽力的
be committed to 致力于
discrimination /d skr m ne n/ n.辨别力,识别力;歧视,区别对待
discrimination against... 歧视……
[派生构词]discriminate(vt.&vi.区别,辨别;vi.歧视)+名词后缀-ion(表“……行为/状态”)→discrimination(n.)
[参考译文] 做一名有批判性的新闻读者!
消防员扑灭高楼大火
昨晚消防员迅速扑灭了亨德森大楼的大火。周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的,很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼,把高楼层的人们困在里面。根据应急服务机构公布的数据,人们更加担心死亡人数可能达到5人。昨晚9点30分,消防车和救护车接到呼叫,并于15分钟内赶到火灾现场。截至此时,火势已蔓延到十六楼。晚上11点左右,消防员控制住了火势。有人担心建造这栋高楼的建筑公司没有遵守消防安全规范。
高楼致命大火造成严重损失
周日晚间突发一场可怕的大火,致使亨德森大楼严重受损。应急服务机构估计死亡人数可能达到9人。截至今天上午,已有4人确认死亡。大火还造成许多人受伤,其中5人情况危急。29岁的莉萨·迈耶是只受了轻伤的幸运人士之一。她回忆说:“我正要洗澡,这时听到有人尖叫,有狗在吠叫。我向外看,却被浓烟呛住。这就像一场可怕的梦。”
消防队队长彼得森先生证实,一个掉在九楼一块地毯上的烟头引起了火灾,而火灾自动报警器没有及时响起,未能阻止这场灾难的发生。一个小组现正在对事故进行进一步调查。
批判性地阅读新闻报道
我们依赖新闻来了解周围的世界正在发生什么事情。然而,我们经常发现,对于同一事件的不同报道往往包含不同甚至相互矛盾的信息。这些差异是如何发生的呢
明智的做法是记住记者可能会有不同的优先事项,这将会影响他们如何报道一则事件。让我们以这两篇有关亨德森大楼火灾的新闻报道为例。我们可以看到,第一篇新闻报道更关注救援工作,而第二篇谈论更多的则是伤亡情况。当我们读到不止一篇报道时,我们就能更全面地了解一起事件。
　　即使新闻报道的撰写角度基本相同,它们也可能在事实性的细节上相互矛盾,因为现实世界中的事件通常是复杂且不断变化的。例如,在这两篇有关亨德森大楼火灾的新闻报道中,死亡人数截然不同。当我们发现这样的事实性差异时,不应该急于下结论,认为其中一篇新闻报道提供了错误的信息。相反,要核查这些报道的撰写时间。随着新的事实被披露,在一个事件的不同阶段撰写的新闻报道可能包含不同的信息。另一个值得一提的方面是,记者可能会以不同的方式处理他们从调查或采访中获得的信息。假设应急服务机构估计的死亡人数
在5人到9人之间,记者可能会选择在他们的新闻报道中呈现数据的最小值、最大值或中间的某个数值。因此,核实信息的不同来源能够让我们得出更有根据的结论。
总之,阅读从不同角度、不同阶段写就的新闻报道是明智之举,这样可以让我们更准确地了解情况。我们也需要批判性地看待我们接收到的信息,并且记住不要盲目相信我们读到的新闻报道。尽管记者致力于呈现真相,我们最好还是运用自己的判断力,而非完全依赖新闻报道。有了明辨是非的能力,我们每个人都有潜力成为一名有判断力的新闻读者。
课 时 测 评 作 业
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共27.5分)
A
According to a recent report,people aged between 16 and 24 make up about 15 percent of the population but only 10 percent of museum-goers.Similarly,people aged over 35 go half as much as you would expect from their population size.We have reached the point of recognizing the disconnection between art and the audience but haven’t yet determined how to bridge the gap.Two answers to dealing with this challenge lie in telling a greater diversity of art history stories and communicating these stories in much easier ways.
In 2024,a radio program called Art Matters was started with the aim of discussing art from a pop-culture viewpoint with topics that would attract younger and more diverse audience.It offers an access to art history with conversations on different topics.Art history is about storytelling;art content shines when there is an effort to bring audience along for the discussion.
More traditional organizations are paying attention.Recently the Getty Museum issued a social-media challenge for people to recreate paintings using items they had at home.To their amazement,users displayed incredible creativity and involvement.This reaction set an example for other museums and galleries,proving that there is a potential desire for the audience to connect with art topics if the type of activity is appealing.Since many people feel intimidated and think that it requires a basic level of understanding to join in the conversation,the Getty Museum serves as a reminder that there are many pathways to engaging with it.
Social media have offered a platform for people who have not traditionally had a seat at the table.Anyone can recognize a gap in the field and address it.Accounts have gathered tens of thousands of followers,which proves that there is a hunger to hear these art history stories,and these themes work brilliantly for museum programming.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了艺术与普通人之间的脱节,而社交媒体为普通人提供了一个平台,任何人都可以理解并谈论艺术。
1.What challenge is the author trying to deal with
A.People doubt a great diversity of artworks.
B.Fewer and fewer young people go to museums.
C.Art appears too distant from common audience.
D.Adult audience has a different understanding of art.
解析　细节理解题。 根据第一段中“We have reached...how to bridge the gap.”可知,作者想解决艺术似乎离普通受众太远的问题。故选C。
√
2.In the author’s opinion,what should the museums and galleries do
A.They should recognize the disconnection between art and the audience.
B.They should make the art history stories accessible in a traditional way.
C.They should change meaningfully for activities like the Getty Museum’s challenge.
D.They should limit the number of storytellers both in and out of organizations.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“the Getty Museum serves as a reminder that there are many pathways to engaging with it”可知,博物馆和美术馆应做出有意义的改变,举办像盖蒂博物馆挑战一样有意思的活动。故选C。
3.What does the underlined word “intimidated” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Tired. B.Annoyed.
C.Surprised. D.Worried.
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“it requires a basic level of understanding to join in the conversation”可知,许多人担心加入对话需要基本的理解。由此可知,画线词与D项同义。
√
4.What conclusion about common audience can we draw from the passage
A.They feel satisfied with current museums and galleries.
B.They lack the channels to understand and talk about art history.
C.They refuse to engage with diverse art topics and art history stories.
D.They would rather view artworks and hear art stories on social media.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Social media have offered a platform for people...Anyone can recognize a gap in the field and address it.”可知,社交媒体为普通人提供了一个平台,任何人都可以认识到与这一领域存在的差距并加以解决。由此可知,普通受众缺乏了解和谈论艺术史的渠道。故选B。
B
Medha Pappula,an eight-grader at Brambleton Middle School,is using her skill set to solve a problem—bullying.She recently earned an award from National Bullying Prevention Center (NBPC) for her anti-bullying efforts in software development and animation (动画).
Pappula,13,said she discovered that a classmate had experienced cyberbullying (网络欺凌), which was painful for her to learn about.“Even though I didn’t experience it,I wouldn’t wish that on anyone,even my worst enemy,” Pappula said.
Then she developed a program.“It takes a message,and then recognizes signs of bullying and gives a rating (等级) to the cyberbullying,” the teen said.“If the rating is high,the program can be used to carry out things like removing that message or reporting it.”
In addition to this program,the NBPC awarded Pappula for a three-minute animated video about Unity Day,which she created and shared on the Internet last October.Unity Day was started by the NBPC in 2011 to raise bullying awareness among school-age children.Schools encourage their students to wear orange on Unity Day,as it is a color that is connected with safety.
Pappula visited different websites to develop her animation skills several years ago.She spent more than a month creating her 2-D animated video using an animation software called Krita.The effort paid off,as nearly 6,000 people have already viewed the “Unity Day” video on the Internet.Pappula hopes to continue to work with the NBPC and use her skills to lift those around her.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了布兰布尔顿中学的八年级学生梅达·帕普拉,她通过软件开发和动画制作来应对“欺凌”这一问题。
5.Which of the following about cyberbullying is true according to Pappula
A.It was her painful experience. B.It was her worst enemy.
C.It shouldn’t happen to anyone. D.It could be stopped easily.
解析　正误判断题。根据第二段中“Even though I didn’t experience it,I wouldn’t wish that on anyone,even my worst enemy”可知,帕普拉认为,网络欺凌不应该发生在任何人身上。故选C。
√
6.What can’t Pappula’s program do
A.Take a message.
B.Carry out bullying.
C.Recognize signs of bullying.
D.Give a rating to the cyberbullying.
解析　推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容可知,帕普拉的程序会识别欺凌的级别,如果级别过高,将被用来执行删除或报告信息等操作。由此可推知,此软件不能够实施欺凌。故选B。
√
7.What can be the best title for the text
A.A Cyberbullying Experience B.An Anti-bullying Software
C.A Bullying Prevention Center D.An Anti-bullying Teenager
解析　标题归纳题。根据文章第一段中“Medha Pappula,an eight-grader at Brambleton Middle School,is using her skill set to solve a problem — bullying.”可知,本文主要介绍了一名八年级学生梅达·帕普拉,她通过自己的方式来反抗欺凌。由此可知,D项“一个反欺凌的青少年”可以作本文的最佳标题。
√
C
Young boys often dream of superpower to solve their problems. “If I could just click my fingers,my homework would be done,” many have imagined.Jerry and Joe put their ideas down on paper and created the world’s most popular superhero,Superman.
In 1931,the two became best friends at Cleveland’s Glenville High School and ended up creating comics together.Joe was the artist and drew all the time,using bits of any kind of paper he could find.He hung out at newsstands (报摊) concentrating on magazines,especially amazing stories and then took up a pencil to recreate them at home.Jerry was the storyteller and the more ambitious of the two.He described how the creation of Superman came to him in the middle of a sleepless summer night,“I spring out of bed and write this down,and then I go back and think some more for about two hours and get up again and write that down.The inspiration for Superman’s origin story start taking shape,and the next morning,I run over to Joe’s place...”
As is often the case,when we experience something painful in life,we deal with the feeling through creative expression.Jerry’s father owned a shop and died during a robbery.A young child might process that experience by wishing something could have prevented it.For Jerry,out came the Man of Steel,who was invulnerable (刀枪不入的) and tended to protect innocent people.Creating storylines must have helped Jerry to deal with the pain.Superman always wins.He stops trains and bad guys and cannot be killed.
The story of Superman has inspired kids for generations.It has calmed their fears and driven their dreams.Most importantly,the Man of Steel has inspired us all to find our super power and use it to help others.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了漫画作家Jerry和Joe合作创造超人形象的过程,以及他们的作品对美国人的影响。
8.What can we learn about Jerry and Joe
A.They became popular superheroes.
B.They used their imagination in comics.
C.They lived in their own imaginary world.
D.They stood out for their rich experience.
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Jerry and Joe put their ideas...superhero,Superman.”可知,Jerry和Joe在漫画中运用了他们的想象力。故选B。
√
9.What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A.The origin of the character Superman.
B.The amusing story of Jerry and Joe.
C.The difficulty of creating the character.
D.The common experience of Jerry and Joe.
解析　段落大意题。根据第二段“He described how the creation of Superman...Superman’s origin story start taking shape”可知,第二段主要讲述了超人这个角色的由来。故选A。
√
10.Which can best describe Superman
A.Ambitious. B.Mean.
C.Unconquerable. D.Troublesome.
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段“Superman always wins.He stops trains and bad guys and cannot be killed.”可知,超人是不可征服的。故选C。
√
11.Where is the text probably taken from
A.A biography. B.A movie review.
C.A science fiction. D.A history textbook.
解析　文章出处题。文章讲述了漫画作家Jerry和Joe合作创造超人形象的过程,以及他们的作品对美国人的影响。可推知,文章可能选自一本传记。故选A。
√
Ⅱ.七选五(每空2.5分,共12.5分)
Is there a link between social media and depression Do social media have a negative impact on your mental health It’s complicated.
In a recent study,the investigators compared social media use and depression between teens.
　1　 Specifically,for every hour per day that one teen spent on social media more than her peers,she likely had a 0.64 point higher depression score.
A different study published in 2018 identified five distinct types of social media users.The finding was that “problematic social media use” was one of the main themes for people whose mental health was affected by social media.You can have alcohol in your life without it being a problem,or your alcohol use may become problematic.　2　
There’s one important thing to remember about survey research just because two things happen together,it’s not necessarily true that one causes the other.　3　 For all we know,it could be that people who are already more depressed choose to spend more time on social media.
　4　 If you think that we shouldn’t paint social media with one broad brush,you’re on the right track.On the one hand,participants often described social media as a valuable way to cope with stress.On the other hand,cyberbullying via social media was also a common experience for participants.Some also said that constantly checking their own social media profile was stressful.
It’s certainly possible that experiences like cyberbullying, comparing yourself to idealized images,and constantly monitoring your profile,are bad for your mood.It’s also true for many that social media offer community support and positive messages.Given the inconclusive research,it’s safe to say that at least we shouldn’t write off social media altogether.　5　 Anyway,you cannot use it as a crutch for coping with other stressors and mental health problems.
A.It’s the same with social media.
B.Social media can be a double-edged sword.
C.People get more opinionated about the potential problems of social media.
D.They found that those who used social media more had higher depression scores.
E.They reviewed all existing research and found that there were both benefits and drawbacks.
F.The key to benefiting from social media may lie in using it in moderation and staying socially connected.
G.For example,just because higher social media use co-occurs with higher levels of depression doesn’t mean social media use causes depression.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了社交媒体与抑郁之间的关系。
1.D　[根据空格后面一句“具体来说,一个青少年每天花在社交媒体上的时间比她的同龄人多1个小时,她的抑郁得分可能高出0.64分。”可推断,此处指他们发现使用社交媒体越多的人抑郁得分越高。故选D。]
2.A　[根据空格前面一句“你可以在你的生活中喝酒,而不让它成为一个问题,或者你的饮酒可能成为一个问题。”可推断,此处指社交媒体也是如此。故选A。]
3.G　[根据空格前面一句“调查研究有一件重要的事情要记住,因为两件事同时发生,不一定是一件事导致另一件事。”可推断,该选项是对上文“it’s not necessarily true that one causes the other”的举例说明,G项“例如,仅仅因为较高的社交媒体使用量与较高的抑郁水平同时发生,并不意味着社交媒体使用会导致抑郁。”符合语境。故选G。]
4.B　[根据空格后面句子“一方面,参与者经常将社交媒体描述为应对压力的一种有用的方式。另一方面,社交媒体上的网络欺凌也是参与者的常见经历。”可推断,B项“社交媒体可以是一把双刃剑。”符合语境。故选B。]
5.F　[根据空格后面一句“不管怎样,你不能把它作为一个依靠来应付其他的压力源和心理健康问题。”可推断,F项“从社交媒体中获益的关键可能在于适度使用社交媒体并保持社交联系。”符合语境。故选F。]
文本资源——说一千道一万,记住单词是关键
主题单词 A篇:viewpoint n.观点;看法　B篇:bullying n.恃强欺弱的行为;欺凌　C篇:superpower n.超级大国;超级力量;超级强权　七选五:distinct adj.清晰的;清楚的;明白的;明显的;截然不同的;不同种类的　problematic adj.造成困难的;产生问题的　stressor n.压力源;压力因素;导致紧张的事件
主题词块 A篇:bridge the gap缩小差距　set an example for为……树立榜样　C篇:hang out闲逛;挂出　spring out of突然跳出　七选五:write off注销,勾销
熟词生义 B篇:develope熟义:v.成长,发展　生义:v.开发;研制
Then she developed a program.
然后她开发了一个程序。
The company develops and markets new software.
这个公司开发并销售新软件。
难句剖析 A篇:Since many people feel intimidated and think that it requires a basic level of understanding to join in the conversation,the Getty Museum serves as a reminder that there are many pathways to engaging with it.
[译文]　由于许多人感到害怕,并认为加入对话需要基本的理解,盖蒂博物馆提醒人们,有很多途径可以参与其中。
[分析]　本句是复合句,主句是the Getty Museum serves as a reminder,Since引导原因状语从句, that it requires...是宾语从句,that there are...是同位语从句。UNIT 1 The mass media ——大众媒体
主题语境:人与社会——大众传媒
大观念之单元话题:本单元的主题语境是“人与社会”,话题为“大众传媒”,涉及的语篇类型有:视频、新闻报道、论说文、杂志文章等。本单元的学习旨在引导学生正确认识并理解大众传媒的形式和内涵,以及它们对日常生活和社会发展的影响和作用,并帮助学生学会合理使用各种大众传媒工具。
①briefly / bri fli/adv.简短地,简要地;短暂地
②ignore / ɡ n (r)/vt.忽视,对……不予理会
③insecurity / ns kj r ti/n.不安全
④deactivate / di kt ve t/vt.使(仪器等)停止工作
⑤focus on 专注于
⑥set a dangerous example树立一个危险的榜样
⑦come up with提出,想出;找到主意
类文悦读·情境导学
　　“我”的社交媒体上出现了一条消息,“我”对自己身体的不安全感是由一条小小的信息带来的。这让“我”开始考虑远离社交媒体。
My social media
A message appeared in my social media.It was from a woman I met briefly① through a friend.“Hello,lady.Invite you to join my next challenge group — we’ll be focusing on⑤ fitting in 30 minutes of exercise,balanced nutrition and motivation.Let me help you reach your goals!”
I laughed and ignored② it.Though I’m a little fat,I’m healthy.But the meaning behind the message stuck with me all day.The more the day went on,the heavier her message weighed on me.The insecurity③ about my body was brought to life by one little message.That got me thinking about stepping away from social media.
But what drove the nail into my social media coffin was when I posted a photo — and five minutes later my son asked how many “likes” it got.
Likes equal acceptance and approval,which need to come from within.I unknowingly set a dangerous example⑥ as it won’t be long before he has his own phone and the freedom to post his own pictures.I didn’t want him to wait for his friends to “like” them and like and accept him.He should know his self-worth doesn’t rely on what others think or click.
I deactivated④ my social account.At first I felt lost.I missed the mindless scrolling while waiting in lineups.I carried a book with me.I’d been in the habit of checking social media as the first thing in the morning and the last thing at night,so I had to come up with⑦ some new habits.
And the results were immediate once the fog of social media disappeared.We were much happier as a family because I was completely present and the break left me feeling better about myself,my family,my home and my life.
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit &Reading
Step One:Pre-reading
According to the title and the pictures,can you guess what the passage mainly talks about
答案　I think,this passage is mainly about the reasons why news reports differ from each other and how to be a critical news reader by comparing two news reports.
Step Two:While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
1.What’s the main idea of the passage
A.The reasons for the big fire and the rescue efforts.
B.The bad consequences of big fires and how to prevent them.
C.The reasons and ways to be a critical news reader.
D.The differences between news reports and the possible reasons.
答案　C
2.Read the passage quickly and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1　A.Journalists may have different priorities,which would influence how they report an event.
Para.2　B.How to become critical news readers.
Para.3　C.News reports on the same events contain different or even contradictory information.
Para.4　D.News reports are written at different stages of an event and from different sources.
答案　Para.1 C　Para.2 A　Para.3 D
Para.4 B
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What is the function of the two news reports from the perspective of the whole passage
A.To explain why the fire broke out.
B.To show the author’s concerns about the fire.
C.To provide detailed information about the fire.
D.To show different focuses on the fire.
2.What do we know about the fire
A.Its cause had been found out.
B.It killed and injured 25 people in all.
C.It wasn’t completely put out until 11 p.m.
D.It was caused by the construction company.
3.How does the author develop the article Reading news reports critically
A.By making definitions.
B.By giving examples.
C.By presenting questions.
D.By analyzing reasons and effects.
4.Which of the following statements is not true
A.The second news report pays more attention to the deadly damage.
B.Different journalists may have different judgments about the same news.
C.Journalists tend to choose the minimum when an estimate of a number is given.
D.With new facts brought to light,news reports may contain different information.
5.What is the writing purpose
A.To warn readers of the danger of fire.
B.To praise the firefighters for their bravery.
C.To encourage readers to be critical about news reports.
D.To persuade readers to search for the truth by themselves.
答案　1.D　2.A　3.B　4.C　5.C
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.难句解构
1.Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5,according to figures released by emergency services.
学会断句:此句为主从复合句。其中that引导同位语从句,是对前面Fears的解释说明;released by emergency services为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰figures。
尝试翻译:根据应急服务机构公布的数据,人们更加担心死亡人数可能达到5人。
2.It is advisable to remember that journalists may have different priorities,which would influence how they report an event.
学会断句:此句为复合句。It为形式主语,动词不定式短语to remember...为真正的主语;that引导宾语从句;which引导非限制性定语从句;how they report an event为how引导的宾语从句。
尝试翻译:明智的做法是记住记者可能会有不同的优先事项,这将会影响他们如何报道一则事件。
Ⅱ.翻转课堂(课文语法填空)
Fill in the following blanks according to the passage.
It was reported that a terrible fire had broken 1.out in the Henderson Tower on Sunday night.Different news reports on 2.the same events contained different or even contradictory information.The first report focused on the rescue efforts 3.made(made) by firefighters while the second one stressed deaths and injuries.In that case,we can’t help 4.wondering(wonder) how these differences come about.The reasons are as follows:
First of all,journalists may have different 5.priorities(priority),which would influence how they report an event.Besides,news reports written at different stages could contain different information as new facts 6.are brought(bring) to light.Furthermore,journalists may approach information they get from research or interviews differently and they may choose to present the minimum,the maximum or something in between in their news reports.To sum up,7.it is suggested that we read news reports from various perspectives and at different stages,which brings us a 8.more accurate (accurate) understanding of a situation.We should also bear in mind that we need to read news reports 9.critically(critical) and remember not to blindly trust 10.what we have read.
[原文呈现]　 Be a critical①news reader!
Firefighters put out tower block fire
Firefighters quickly put out the Henderson Tower fire last night.The fire,which is thought to have started from the 8th floor,spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night,leaving people on the upper floors trapped②.Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5,according to figures released③ by emergency services.Fire engines and ambulances④,called at 9:30 p.m.,reached the scene within 15 minutes.By this time,the fire had extended⑤ to the 15th floor.Firefighters got the situation under control around 11 p.m.There is concern that the construction⑥ company that built the tower block had not followed fire safety rules.[1]
[1]句中第一个that引导同位语从句,修饰concern,第二个that引导定语从句,修饰company。
Deadly fire in tower block causes serious damage
A terrible fire broke out⑦ on Sunday night,leaving the Henderson Tower seriously damaged.Emergency services estimate⑧ that the number of deaths could reach 9.By this morning,4 people have been confirmed⑨ dead.The fire has also left dozens of⑩ people injured,5 of whom are in a critical condition.Lisa Mayer,29,is among the lucky ones who only suffered minor injuries.She recalled,“I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and dogs barking .I looked outside and the smoke was choking me.It was like an awful dream.”
Mr Peterson,head of the fire service,confirms that a dropped cigarette end on a carpet of the 8th floor started the fire and that the automatic fire alarms did not go off quickly enough to prevent the disaster.[2] A team is currently investigating the accident further.
[2]句中confirms后跟两个that引导的宾语从句。
Reading news reports critically
We rely on news to learn about what is happening in the world around us.However,we usually find that reports on the same events contain different or even contradictory information.How do these differences come about
It is advisable to remember that journalists may have different priorities,which would influence how they report an event.Let’s take the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire as an example.We can see that the first news report pays more attention to the rescue efforts,while the second talks more about deaths and injuries.[3] When we read more than one report,we come to understand an event in a more comprehensive way.
[3]句中while引导两个并列分句,在第一个分句中,that引导宾语从句。
Even if news reports are written from basically the same perspective,they may contradict each other in terms of factual details,as events in the real world are usually complicated and constantly changing.[4]For instance,the numbers of deaths differ in the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire.When we come across such factual differences,we should not rush to the conclusion that one of the news reports gives false information.Instead,check when the reports were written.News reports written at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts are brought to light.Another aspect worthy of mention is that journalists may approach information they get from research or interviews differently.Suppose emergency services’ estimates of the number of deaths vary between 5 and 9.Journalists may choose to present the minimum,the maximum or something in between in their news reports.Therefore,checking different sources enables us to draw a more informed conclusion.
[4]句中Even if引导让步状语从句,as引导原因状语从句。
To sum up,it is wise to read news reports written from various perspectives and at different stages,which brings us a more accurate understanding of a situation.We also need to be critical about the information we receive and remember not to blindly trust what we have read.[5] Though journalists are committed to presenting the truth,it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports.With great discrimination,every one of us has the potential to be a critical news reader.
[5]句中we receive是定语从句,修饰information;what引导宾语从句。
[名师圈点]
①critical / kr t kl/ adj.批评的,批判性的;关键的;危急的
②trap /tr p/ vt. 使落入险境;卡住,绊住 n.陷阱,罗网;圈套;困境,牢笼
be trapped in 陷入
③release /r li s/ vt.发布;释放;松开;发泄 n.释放;发行;排放,泄漏
④ambulance / mbj l ns/ n.救护车
⑤extend / k stend/ vi.&vt.延伸(距离);扩大;延长;伸展
⑥construction /k n str k n/ n.建筑,建造;建造物
⑦break out (战争、火灾、瘟疫等)爆发
[语用]不及物动词短语,不用于被动语态。
⑧estimate / est m t/ vt.& n.估计,估算
⑨confirm /k n f m/ vt.证实,确认
⑩dozen / d zn/ n.许多;(一)打;十来个
dozens of很多,许多
minor / ma n (r)/ adj.轻微的,次要的 n.辅修科目 vi.(+in) 辅修
minor injuries 轻伤
[反义]major / me d (r)/ adj.主要的,重要的 n.主修课程 vi.(+in)主修
bath /bɑ θ/ n.洗澡,洗浴;浴缸,浴盆
have/take a bath 洗澡
[拓展]bathe /be / vt.&vi.(给……)洗澡
scream /skri m/ vi.&vt.尖叫;高声喊;发出大而尖的声音 n.尖叫,尖锐刺耳的声音
scream at... 朝……大喊大叫
scream with excitement/fear 兴奋地/害怕地尖叫
bark /bɑ k/ vi.(狗)吠叫 vt.厉声发令 n.(狗)吠声;短促响亮的人声;树皮
choke /t k/vt.&vi.(使)窒息;(使)哽咽,(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来
be choked up with... 被……堵塞
cigarette / s ɡ ret/ n.香烟
cigarette end 香烟头
carpet / kɑ p t/n.地毯;覆盖地面的一层厚东西
a carpet of snow 一层厚厚的雪
automatic / t m t k/ adj.自动的;无意识的,不假思索的
investigate / n vest ɡe t/ vt.&vi.侦查,调查;研究
contradictory / k ntr d kt ri/
adj.矛盾的,对立的
come about 发生
journalist / d n l st/ n.新闻记者,新闻工作者
[构词法]-ist是常见的名词后缀,表示“从事……的人,专业人员”。类似的词还有biologist(生物学家),dentist(牙医)等。
journalism / d n l z m/ n.新闻业,新闻工作
priority /pra r ti/ n.优先事项,首要事情;优先权,重点
give priority to 优先考虑
contradict / k ntr d kt/vt.相矛盾,相反;反驳,驳斥
factual / f kt u l/ adj.事实的,真实的
instance / nst ns/ n.例子,事例
for instance 例如,比如
differ / d f (r)/ vi.相异;意见相左
conclusion /k n klu n/ n.结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成
rush to the conclusion匆忙下结论
false /f ls/ adj.错误的,不真实的;非天生的;假的,伪造的;不真诚的
false information 错误信息
bring sth to light 揭露,披露
minimum / m n m m/n.最小值,最少量 adj.最低的,最小的
maximum / m ks m m/n.最大量,最大限度 adj.最高的,最多的
sum up 总结,概括
sum /s m/ n.金额,款项;总和,总数;全部
accurate / kj r t/ adj.正确无误的;精确的
committed /k m t d/ adj.尽心尽力的
be committed to 致力于
discrimination /d skr m ne n/ n.辨别力,识别力;歧视,区别对待
discrimination against... 歧视……
[派生构词]discriminate(vt.&vi.区别,辨别;vi.歧视)+名词后缀-ion(表“……行为/状态”)→discrimination(n.)
[参考译文]　 做一名有批判性的新闻读者!
消防员扑灭高楼大火
昨晚消防员迅速扑灭了亨德森大楼的大火。周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的,很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼,把高楼层的人们困在里面。根据应急服务机构公布的数据,人们更加担心死亡人数可能达到5人。昨晚9点30分,消防车和救护车接到呼叫,并于15分钟内赶到火灾现场。截至此时,火势已蔓延到十六楼。晚上11点左右,消防员控制住了火势。有人担心建造这栋高楼的建筑公司没有遵守消防安全规范。
高楼致命大火造成严重损失
周日晚间突发一场可怕的大火,致使亨德森大楼严重受损。应急服务机构估计死亡人数可能达到9人。截至今天上午,已有4人确认死亡。大火还造成许多人受伤,其中5人情况危急。29岁的莉萨·迈耶是只受了轻伤的幸运人士之一。她回忆说:“我正要洗澡,这时听到有人尖叫,有狗在吠叫。我向外看,却被浓烟呛住。这就像一场可怕的梦。”
消防队队长彼得森先生证实,一个掉在九楼一块地毯上的烟头引起了火灾,而火灾自动报警器没有及时响起,未能阻止这场灾难的发生。一个小组现正在对事故进行进一步调查。
批判性地阅读新闻报道
我们依赖新闻来了解周围的世界正在发生什么事情。然而,我们经常发现,对于同一事件的不同报道往往包含不同甚至相互矛盾的信息。这些差异是如何发生的呢
明智的做法是记住记者可能会有不同的优先事项,这将会影响他们如何报道一则事件。让我们以这两篇有关亨德森大楼火灾的新闻报道为例。我们可以看到,第一篇新闻报道更关注救援工作,而第二篇谈论更多的则是伤亡情况。当我们读到不止一篇报道时,我们就能更全面地了解一起事件。
　　即使新闻报道的撰写角度基本相同,它们也可能在事实性的细节上相互矛盾,因为现实世界中的事件通常是复杂且不断变化的。例如,在这两篇有关亨德森大楼火灾的新闻报道中,死亡人数截然不同。当我们发现这样的事实性差异时,不应该急于下结论,认为其中一篇新闻报道提供了错误的信息。相反,要核查这些报道的撰写时间。随着新的事实被披露,在一个事件的不同阶段撰写的新闻报道可能包含不同的信息。另一个值得一提的方面是,记者可能会以不同的方式处理他们从调查或采访中获得的信息。假设应急服务机构估计的死亡人数在5人到9人之间,记者可能会选择在他们的新闻报道中呈现数据的最小值、最大值或中间的某个数值。因此,核实信息的不同来源能够让我们得出更有根据的结论。
总之,阅读从不同角度、不同阶段写就的新闻报道是明智之举,这样可以让我们更准确地了解情况。我们也需要批判性地看待我们接收到的信息,并且记住不要盲目相信我们读到的新闻报道。尽管记者致力于呈现真相,我们最好还是运用自己的判断力,而非完全依赖新闻报道。有了明辨是非的能力,我们每个人都有潜力成为一名有判断力的新闻读者。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共27.5分)
A
According to a recent report,people aged between 16 and 24 make up about 15 percent of the population but only 10 percent of museum-goers.Similarly,people aged over 35 go half as much as you would expect from their population size.We have reached the point of recognizing the disconnection between art and the audience but haven’t yet determined how to bridge the gap.Two answers to dealing with this challenge lie in telling a greater diversity of art history stories and communicating these stories in much easier ways.
In 2024,a radio program called Art Matters was started with the aim of discussing art from a pop-culture viewpoint with topics that would attract younger and more diverse audience.It offers an access to art history with conversations on different topics.Art history is about storytelling;art content shines when there is an effort to bring audience along for the discussion.
More traditional organizations are paying attention.Recently the Getty Museum issued a social-media challenge for people to recreate paintings using items they had at home.To their amazement,users displayed incredible creativity and involvement.This reaction set an example for other museums and galleries,proving that there is a potential desire for the audience to connect with art topics if the type of activity is appealing.Since many people feel intimidated and think that it requires a basic level of understanding to join in the conversation,the Getty Museum serves as a reminder that there are many pathways to engaging with it.
Social media have offered a platform for people who have not traditionally had a seat at the table.Anyone can recognize a gap in the field and address it.Accounts have gathered tens of thousands of followers,which proves that there is a hunger to hear these art history stories,and these themes work brilliantly for museum programming.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了艺术与普通人之间的脱节,而社交媒体为普通人提供了一个平台,任何人都可以理解并谈论艺术。
1.What challenge is the author trying to deal with
A.People doubt a great diversity of artworks.
B.Fewer and fewer young people go to museums.
C.Art appears too distant from common audience.
D.Adult audience has a different understanding of art.
答案　C　[细节理解题。 根据第一段中“We have reached...how to bridge the gap.”可知,作者想解决艺术似乎离普通受众太远的问题。故选C。]
2.In the author’s opinion,what should the museums and galleries do
A.They should recognize the disconnection between art and the audience.
B.They should make the art history stories accessible in a traditional way.
C.They should change meaningfully for activities like the Getty Museum’s challenge.
D.They should limit the number of storytellers both in and out of organizations.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“the Getty Museum serves as a reminder that there are many pathways to engaging with it”可知,博物馆和美术馆应做出有意义的改变,举办像盖蒂博物馆挑战一样有意思的活动。故选C。]
3.What does the underlined word “intimidated” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Tired. B.Annoyed.
C.Surprised. D.Worried.
答案　D　[词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“it requires a basic level of understanding to join in the conversation”可知,许多人担心加入对话需要基本的理解。由此可知,画线词与D项同义。]
4.What conclusion about common audience can we draw from the passage
A.They feel satisfied with current museums and galleries.
B.They lack the channels to understand and talk about art history.
C.They refuse to engage with diverse art topics and art history stories.
D.They would rather view artworks and hear art stories on social media.
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Social media have offered a platform for people...Anyone can recognize a gap in the field and address it.”可知,社交媒体为普通人提供了一个平台,任何人都可以认识到与这一领域存在的差距并加以解决。由此可知,普通受众缺乏了解和谈论艺术史的渠道。故选B。]
B
Medha Pappula,an eight-grader at Brambleton Middle School,is using her skill set to solve a problem—bullying.She recently earned an award from National Bullying Prevention Center (NBPC) for her anti-bullying efforts in software development and animation (动画).
Pappula,13,said she discovered that a classmate had experienced cyberbullying (网络欺凌), which was painful for her to learn about.“Even though I didn’t experience it,I wouldn’t wish that on anyone,even my worst enemy,” Pappula said.
Then she developed a program.“It takes a message,and then recognizes signs of bullying and gives a rating (等级) to the cyberbullying,” the teen said.“If the rating is high,the program can be used to carry out things like removing that message or reporting it.”
In addition to this program,the NBPC awarded Pappula for a three-minute animated video about Unity Day,which she created and shared on the Internet last October.Unity Day was started by the NBPC in 2011 to raise bullying awareness among school-age children.Schools encourage their students to wear orange on Unity Day,as it is a color that is connected with safety.
Pappula visited different websites to develop her animation skills several years ago.She spent more than a month creating her 2-D animated video using an animation software called Krita.The effort paid off,as nearly 6,000 people have already viewed the “Unity Day” video on the Internet.Pappula hopes to continue to work with the NBPC and use her skills to lift those around her.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了布兰布尔顿中学的八年级学生梅达·帕普拉,她通过软件开发和动画制作来应对“欺凌”这一问题。
5.Which of the following about cyberbullying is true according to Pappula
A.It was her painful experience.
B.It was her worst enemy.
C.It shouldn’t happen to anyone.
D.It could be stopped easily.
答案　C　[正误判断题。根据第二段中“Even though I didn’t experience it,I wouldn’t wish that on anyone,even my worst enemy”可知,帕普拉认为,网络欺凌不应该发生在任何人身上。故选C。]
6.What can’t Pappula’s program do
A.Take a message.
B.Carry out bullying.
C.Recognize signs of bullying.
D.Give a rating to the cyberbullying.
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容可知,帕普拉的程序会识别欺凌的级别,如果级别过高,将被用来执行删除或报告信息等操作。由此可推知,此软件不能够实施欺凌。故选B。]
7.What can be the best title for the text
A.A Cyberbullying Experience
B.An Anti-bullying Software
C.A Bullying Prevention Center
D.An Anti-bullying Teenager
答案　D　[标题归纳题。根据文章第一段中“Medha Pappula,an eight-grader at Brambleton Middle School,is using her skill set to solve a problem — bullying.”可知,本文主要介绍了一名八年级学生梅达·帕普拉,她通过自己的方式来反抗欺凌。由此可知,D项“一个反欺凌的青少年”可以作本文的最佳标题。]
C
Young boys often dream of superpower to solve their problems. “If I could just click my fingers,my homework would be done,” many have imagined.Jerry and Joe put their ideas down on paper and created the world’s most popular superhero,Superman.
In 1931,the two became best friends at Cleveland’s Glenville High School and ended up creating comics together.Joe was the artist and drew all the time,using bits of any kind of paper he could find.He hung out at newsstands (报摊) concentrating on magazines,especially amazing stories and then took up a pencil to recreate them at home.Jerry was the storyteller and the more ambitious of the two.He described how the creation of Superman came to him in the middle of a sleepless summer night,“I spring out of bed and write this down,and then I go back and think some more for about two hours and get up again and write that down.The inspiration for Superman’s origin story start taking shape,and the next morning,I run over to Joe’s place...”
As is often the case,when we experience something painful in life,we deal with the feeling through creative expression.Jerry’s father owned a shop and died during a robbery.A young child might process that experience by wishing something could have prevented it.For Jerry,out came the Man of Steel,who was invulnerable (刀枪不入的) and tended to protect innocent people.Creating storylines must have helped Jerry to deal with the pain.Superman always wins.He stops trains and bad guys and cannot be killed.
The story of Superman has inspired kids for generations.It has calmed their fears and driven their dreams.Most importantly,the Man of Steel has inspired us all to find our super power and use it to help others.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了漫画作家Jerry和Joe合作创造超人形象的过程,以及他们的作品对美国人的影响。
8.What can we learn about Jerry and Joe
A.They became popular superheroes.
B.They used their imagination in comics.
C.They lived in their own imaginary world.
D.They stood out for their rich experience.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中“Jerry and Joe put their ideas...superhero,Superman.”可知,Jerry和Joe在漫画中运用了他们的想象力。故选B。]
9.What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A.The origin of the character Superman.
B.The amusing story of Jerry and Joe.
C.The difficulty of creating the character.
D.The common experience of Jerry and Joe.
答案　A　[段落大意题。根据第二段“He described how the creation of Superman...Superman’s origin story start taking shape”可知,第二段主要讲述了超人这个角色的由来。故选A。]
10.Which can best describe Superman
A.Ambitious. B.Mean.
C.Unconquerable. D.Troublesome.
答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第三段“Superman always wins.He stops trains and bad guys and cannot be killed.”可知,超人是不可征服的。故选C。]
11.Where is the text probably taken from
A.A biography. B.A movie review.
C.A science fiction. D.A history textbook.
答案　A　[文章出处题。文章讲述了漫画作家Jerry和Joe合作创造超人形象的过程,以及他们的作品对美国人的影响。可推知,文章可能选自一本传记。故选A。]
Ⅱ.七选五(每空2.5分,共12.5分)
Is there a link between social media and depression Do social media have a negative impact on your mental health It’s complicated.
In a recent study,the investigators compared social media use and depression between teens.
　1　 Specifically,for every hour per day that one teen spent on social media more than her peers,she likely had a 0.64 point higher depression score.
A different study published in 2018 identified five distinct types of social media users.The finding was that “problematic social media use” was one of the main themes for people whose mental health was affected by social media.You can have alcohol in your life without it being a problem,or your alcohol use may become problematic.　2　
There’s one important thing to remember about survey research just because two things happen together,it’s not necessarily true that one causes the other.　3　 For all we know,it could be that people who are already more depressed choose to spend more time on social media.
　4　 If you think that we shouldn’t paint social media with one broad brush,you’re on the right track.On the one hand,participants often described social media as a valuable way to cope with stress.On the other hand,cyberbullying via social media was also a common experience for participants.Some also said that constantly checking their own social media profile was stressful.
It’s certainly possible that experiences like cyberbullying,comparing yourself to idealized images,and constantly monitoring your profile,are bad for your mood.It’s also true for many that social media offer community support and positive messages.Given the inconclusive research,it’s safe to say that at least we shouldn’t write off social media altogether.　5　 Anyway,you cannot use it as a crutch for coping with other stressors and mental health problems.
A.It’s the same with social media.
B.Social media can be a double-edged sword.
C.People get more opinionated about the potential problems of social media.
D.They found that those who used social media more had higher depression scores.
E.They reviewed all existing research and found that there were both benefits and drawbacks.
F.The key to benefiting from social media may lie in using it in moderation and staying socially connected.
G.For example,just because higher social media use co-occurs with higher levels of depression doesn’t mean social media use causes depression.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了社交媒体与抑郁之间的关系。
1.D　[根据空格后面一句“具体来说,一个青少年每天花在社交媒体上的时间比她的同龄人多1个小时,她的抑郁得分可能高出0.64分。”可推断,此处指他们发现使用社交媒体越多的人抑郁得分越高。故选D。]
2.A　[根据空格前面一句“你可以在你的生活中喝酒,而不让它成为一个问题,或者你的饮酒可能成为一个问题。”可推断,此处指社交媒体也是如此。故选A。]
3.G　[根据空格前面一句“调查研究有一件重要的事情要记住,因为两件事同时发生,不一定是一件事导致另一件事。”可推断,该选项是对上文“it’s not necessarily true that one causes the other”的举例说明,G项“例如,仅仅因为较高的社交媒体使用量与较高的抑郁水平同时发生,并不意味着社交媒体使用会导致抑郁。”符合语境。故选G。]
4.B　[根据空格后面句子“一方面,参与者经常将社交媒体描述为应对压力的一种有用的方式。另一方面,社交媒体上的网络欺凌也是参与者的常见经历。”可推断,B项“社交媒体可以是一把双刃剑。”符合语境。故选B。]
5.F　[根据空格后面一句“不管怎样,你不能把它作为一个依靠来应付其他的压力源和心理健康问题。”可推断,F项“从社交媒体中获益的关键可能在于适度使用社交媒体并保持社交联系。”符合语境。故选F。]
文本资源——说一千道一万,记住单词是关键
主题单词 A篇:viewpoint n.观点;看法　B篇:bullying n.恃强欺弱的行为;欺凌　C篇:superpower n.超级大国;超级力量;超级强权　七选五:distinct adj.清晰的;清楚的;明白的;明显的;截然不同的;不同种类的　problematic adj.造成困难的;产生问题的　stressor n.压力源;压力因素;导致紧张的事件
主题词块 A篇:bridge the gap缩小差距　set an example for为……树立榜样　C篇:hang out闲逛;挂出　spring out of突然跳出　七选五:write off注销,勾销
熟词生义 B篇:develope熟义:v.成长,发展　生义:v.开发;研制 Then she developed a program. 然后她开发了一个程序。 The company develops and markets new software. 这个公司开发并销售新软件。
难句剖析 A篇:Since many people feel intimidated and think that it requires a basic level of understanding to join in the conversation,the Getty Museum serves as a reminder that there are many pathways to engaging with it. [译文]　由于许多人感到害怕,并认为加入对话需要基本的理解,盖蒂博物馆提醒人们,有很多途径可以参与其中。 [分析]　本句是复合句,主句是the Getty Museum serves as a reminder,Since引导原因状语从句, that it requires...是宾语从句,that there are...是同位语从句。

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