资源简介

Section Ⅱ　Using language
维度一：基础题型练
品句填词
1.Though he 　　　　　　（缺乏） practical experience， he makes up for it with great effort.
2.When I was quite young， my family had one of the first telephones in our 　　　　　　（社区）.
3.In some places only people above 18 years old can buy 　　　　　　（香烟） from the shop.
4.Chinese 　　　　　　（书法） focuses not only on methods of writing but also on cultivating one’s character.
5.You’ll have to 　　　　　　（示范） it again before the students can perform the experiment by themselves.
6.The elevator doors slid open， and a couple， dressed in 　　　　　　（优雅的） coats， appeared with shopping bags.
7.Nowadays few people go to the shop to buy a n　　　　　　 and thread.
8.They had to c　　　　　　 signs on the trees all the way so that they wouldn’t get lost in the forest.
9.The government should do more to s　　　　　　 investment in the territory.
10.He is v　　　　　　 describing everything he has seen during his visit to Beijing.
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1.The problem of garbage pollution is getting so serious that many cities around the world 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　by garbage.
垃圾污染的问题变得如此严重，以至于世界上许多城市现在都被垃圾包围。
2.It is reported that living spaces for wildlife 　　　　　　　　　　due to the cutting of trees.
据报道，由于砍伐树木，野生动物的生存空间正在减少。
3.A party 　　　　　　　　　　by them to welcome the new colleagues.
他们正在举办一场联欢会来欢迎新同事。
4.At the moment， my mountain bike 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and I have to go to school on foot.
目前，我的山地车正在被修理，我不得不步行去上学。
5.Most of the buildings destroyed in the earthquake 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
在地震中被毁的大部分建筑物正在重建。
6.Several students are standing under the stairs and 　　　　　　　　　　　　by the headmaster.
几个学生正站在楼梯下面，被校长提问。
7.It is reported that many a new house 　　　　　　　　　　　　at present in the disaster area.
据报道，现在灾区有很多新房子正在被建造。
8.I 　　　　　　　　　　　in the hospital now， so I cannot go to the cinema with you.
我现在正在医院接受治疗，所以我不能和你一起去看电影。
维度三：语法与语篇
所给单词的适当形式完成下面短文。
　　Scientists say that global warming isn’t the only serious problem that 1.　　　　　　　　　 （face） by us human beings up to now.At present， we 2.　　　　　　　　　　 （threaten） by the decline and even extinction of many species.It’s said that half of all insects worldwide have been declining since the 1970s.A new warning is that over 40 per cent of insect species may die out in the future.According to some researchers， the number of insects 3.　　　　　　　　 （become） smaller and smaller every year.
　　In addition， Dave Goulson， Professor of Biology at the University of Sussex， says that a lot of insects 4.　　　　　　　　　　 （kill） these days by pesticides （杀虫剂） used for farming and gardening.He told reporters，“Three quarters of our crops depend on insect pollinators （传花粉者）.If we don’t take any measures， we won’t even have fruit like strawberries.Actually， a large quantity of rice 5.　　　　　　　　　　 （consume） every day.But without insects， there would not be enough crops to feed 7.5 billion people.” Ever since， all of us 6.　　　　　　　　　　 （warn） that we can’t wait another 25 years before we do anything because it will be too late.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Jamie Wardley is a special kind of artist — an ice sculptor. He first trained as a sand sculptor. Later，he learned about ice sculpture. Now he does sand sculpture in summer. And in winter， he sculpts ice.
　　When sculpting ice， Wardley has to work in cold temperatures. If the weather is cold enough， he can work outside. But winter in the United Kingdom is not always very cold. So often he works in a large freezer where the temperature is about －12℃.
　　Wardley enjoys sculpting ice outside in winter. When he sculpts in the open air， people can watch. They can be part of the creative process.
　　Wardley makes ice sculpting sound simple.But the tools Wardley uses are sharp and dangerous. And the ice is very heavy. Each block of ice weighs 120 kilos. And some larger sculptures are made of several combined blocks of ice. Sometimes ice sculptures can be as big as buildings. In Kemi， Finland there is an ice hotel called the Snow Castle. Each year， Wardley helps build the Snow Castle.
　　Inside the Snow Castle， the temperature is －50℃. Even the dining tables are made of ice. So you have to wear winter clothes when eating and wear a hat when sleeping. “The ice hotel is built every year in January. Then it melts in April. Each year we rebuild it and create a new design，” Wardley said.
　　The Snow Castle is a large and amazing work of ice， but Wardley’s smaller ice sculptures are special too. One winter， in the city of Bradford， the UK， Wardley created several small sculptures. He used the sculptures to tell a story which contained an important message about goodwill and understanding.
　　Ice sculptures are temporary works of art. When the temperature rises， they will melt. But that does not mean that their beauty is lost. The sculptures from that day in Bradford have now melted away， but their message of goodwill， understanding and acceptance remains.
1.According to the text，Wardley 　　　　.（　　）
A.loves sand sculpture more than ice sculpture
B.sculpts ice in a large freezer in summer
C.worked as an ice sculptor in the beginning
D.enjoys carving ice outdoors in winter
2.Which of the following can best describe Wardley’s sculpting？（　　）
A.Easy and amazing. B.Special but difficult.
C.Boring and dangerous. D.Simple but temporary.
3.What do we know about the Snow Castle？（　　）
A.It lies in the city of Bradford， the UK.
B.It is too cold for people to live in.
C.It requires to be built every year.
D.It is built between January and April.
4.What does the author think of ice sculptures？（　　）
A.They never melt in people’s hearts.
B.It takes time to understand them.
C.Their beauty doesn’t last forever.
D.They add more beauty to Bradford.
B
　　Finger painting is an art that most people have experienced in childhood. But there are still people who know little about this art form. Finger painting is a simple activity that involves dipping fingers in paints and then using fingers to create objects and shapes on a piece of paper. All you need is a table at elbow height， a few sheets of plain paper， and a few bottles of watercolour.
　　When engaging kids in this activity， one should use non-toxic （无毒的） paints only. If not available in the market readily， non-toxic paints can be made at home easily. Preferably， the paints should also be eatable. Finger paints come in bright colours and can be purchased relatively inexpensively. Adults can save money by making their own finger paints using a mixture of cornstarch， food colouring and water.
　　It is a common fallacy that finger painting is for children alone， rather it’s an activity that can be enjoyed by adults in equal measure. Adults can use rubber gloves while painting to avoid dirty marks of paints on their hands. When a group of people are gathered for an exercise of finger painting， it can be a great way of creating a bond between the group. Art and painting parties are a popular concept in the West. Organizations can also use finger painting as a team-building activity by making participants paint together on a large canvas （画布）.
　　There’s no limit to the expression of feelings in finger painting. All one needs to do is go all out and put all their feelings on a piece of paper by dipping their fingers in paints. While painting， one may unconsciously choose colours that reflect their emotions. For example， you may choose the colour red to express your anger or green to express hope. At times you may be confused， and the painting will help you describe your confused state of mind. Once you get your emotions on paper， you are likely to feel relieved.
　　So what are you waiting for？ Plan a finger-painting session soon， and experience the joy.
5.What can we know about finger painting？（　　）
A.Kids learn it much faster than adults.
B.Finger painting is easy to carry out.
C.Most people loved it in their childhood.
D.The preparation for it is quite difficult.
6.What should people do when there are kids involved in finger painting？（　　）
A.Use paints of bright colours. B.Buy inexpensive paints.
C.Have parents stay with them. D.Prepare safe paints for them.
7.What does the underlined word “fallacy” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？（　　）
A.Sense.　　　　　 B.Misunderstanding.
C.Principle.　 D.Possibility.
8.What does the example in Paragraph 4 show？（　　）
A.Finger painters have a wide choice of colours.
B.Finger painting shows people’s emotions correctly.
C.Finger painting provides freedom of self-expression.
D.Finger painters can find artistic inspiration from emotions.
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　I have many reasons to thank my family.One of them is that it inspires creative 　9　.My father is a（n） 　10　 and my mother is a gifted storyteller.They both strongly believe in raising children to look inward to 　11　 their talent.　12　 by my father’s literature works， my older brother became good at writing songs and poetry and also 　13　 me to the art of poetry.
　　My family read books， listened to poetry and music together， 　14　 I was gradually drawn into conversations that expanded our mental horizons.I 　15　 found myself becoming the sort of person who could not work smoothly when given a blank sheet of paper but soon began to 　16　 it with poetry， or the plot for a novel， or the song lines.At present， I am 　17　 a performance with self-belief， a poetry recital show combined with drama， dance and music， on a 　18　 tour and have taken it to 21 states.I strongly believe that artists must keep it 　19　 what is the source of their inspiration and where their 　20　 comes from.I hold a belief that my inspiration comes from my 　21　 that my parents provided for me.My creativity springs from the way I see the world.This is the ability that feeds me as a 　22　 artist.
　　So， 　23　 around people who value the mind and knowledge and celebrate self-discovery sets the stage for their own growth into who he is today.
9.（　）A.attitude　　　　 B.choice
C.profession　 D.talent
10.（　）A.speaker　 B.artist
C.writer　 D.singer
11.（　）A.adjust　 B.discover
C.transform　 D.affect
12.（　）A.Influenced　 B.Forced
C.Advised　 D.Included
13.（　）A.taught　 B.introduced
C.ordered　 D.exchanged
14.（　）A.so　 B.but
C.or　 D.for
15.（　）A.entirely　 B.eventually
C.frequently　 D.extremely
16.（　）A.desire　 B.resolve
C.cover　 D.admit
17.（　）A.devoting　 B.adapting
C.composing　 D.staging
18.（　）A.national　 B.personal
C.global　 D.local
19.（　）A.in order　 B.in mind
C.in motion　 D.in peace
20.（　）A.achievement　 B.encouragement
C.creativity　 D.performance
21.（　）A.strategy　 B.duty
C.emotion　 D.education
22.（　）A.confident　 B.romantic
C.modest　 D.frank
23.（　）A.bringing up　 B.cheering up
C.growing up　 D.staying up
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　Starting around 4000 BC， traditional Chinese brush painting has developed continuously over a period of more than six thousand years.Its 24.　　　　　　 （grow） has reflected the changes of time.
　　During the 1st century AD， the art of painting religious morals gradually 25.　　　　　　 （gain） popularity， with Buddhism spread to China and temples 26.　　　　　　 （build） consequently.However， 27.　　　　　　 subject later expanded beyond religious themes.For example， paintings of historical 28.　　　　　　 （character） and stories of everyday life became 29.　　　　　　 （extreme） popular.By the 4th century， this particular type of painting had already established 30.　　　　　　 （it） as an independent form of expression.It then gradually developed into two separate styles， 31.　　　　　　 （include） the flower-and-bird painting.A great many artists in the 9th century painted in this style 32.　　　　　　 their subjects included a rich variety of flowers， fruits， birds， insects， and fish.
Since the turn of the 20th century， painters have often mixed several colours on one brush or mixed their colours with black inks， 33.　　　　　　 is similar to the Western painting skills.As a result， they have obtained more natural and richly varied colours.Such techniques have been widely adopted and further developed in the contemporary period.
Section Ⅱ　Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.lacks　2.neighbourhood　3.cigarettes　4.calligraphy
5.demonstrate　6.elegant　7.needle　8.carve
9.stimulate　10.vividly
维度二
1.are now being surrounded
2.are being reduced
3.is being held
4. is being repaired/is under repair
5.are being rebuilt
6.are being questioned
7.is being built
8.am being treated
维度三
1.has been faced　2.are being threatened　3.is becoming　4.are being killed　5.is being consumed
6.have been warned
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了英国冰雕艺术家杰米·沃德利。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，沃德利喜欢冬天在室外做冰雕。
2.B　推理判断题。根据第四段所描述的做冰雕的过程和倒数第二段第一句可知，B项（特别但是艰难）是沃德利冰雕的特点。
3.C　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句中的Each year we rebuild it可知，冰旅馆每年都需要重新建造。
4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，作者认为冰雕作品虽然会融化，但它们所传达的寓意将永存在人们心中。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了手指画这种艺术活动的特点和优势。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，手指画很容易画。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，当有孩子参与手指画时，人们应该为他们准备安全的颜料。
7.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文rather it’s an activity that can be enjoyed by adults in equal measure可知，真实的情况是成年人也可以画手指画，所以只有孩子才会画手指画是错误的看法，即误解。故画线词意思是“误解”。
8.C　推理判断题。根据第四段可推知，第四段的例子说明了手指画提供了自我表达的自由。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的父亲是一个优秀的作家，母亲是一个有天赋的讲故事的人。他们都坚信要培养孩子审视自己，发现自己的才能。因此作者激发出了自己的灵感和创造力，成了自信的艺术家。
9.D　根据空前的creative和四个选项可知，这里指激发了创造性才能。
10.C　根据下文　12　 by my father’s literature works可知，父亲是一名作家。
11.B　培养孩子审视自己，目的是发现他们的才能。
12.A　哥哥擅长写歌、写诗是受了父亲的影响。
13.B　根据下文me to the art of poetry可知，哥哥擅长写歌、写诗，也把诗歌艺术介绍给了作者。
14.A　上文提到“家人一起读书、听诗、听音乐”，下文提到“我逐渐被吸引到扩大我们精神视野的谈话中”，上下文为因果关系，应用连词so。
15.B　上文提到了家人对作者的影响，导致最后作者成了在白纸上写诗歌、小说情节和歌词的人。
16.C　空后的it指代白纸，此处指用诗歌、小说情节或歌词覆盖了这张白纸。cover sth with“用……覆盖某事物”。
17.D　根据空后的a performance可知，此处指作者进行演出，应用stage表示“表演”。
18.A　根据空后的tour and have taken it to 21 states可知，演出涉及21个州，是全国性的。
19.B　keep it in mind“记住”。
20.C　根据下文My creativity springs from the way I see the world.可知，这里指艺术家必须牢记他们的灵感来源和创造力来自哪里。
21.D　根据空后的that my parents provided for me并结合上文父母对作者的影响可知，作者的灵感来自父母的教育。
22.A　此处呼应上文a performance with self-belief，说明作者很自信。
23.C　结合上文可知，作者在有文化素养的家庭氛围中长大，所以此处是指“在那些重视思想和知识，庆祝自我发现的人身边长大”。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统绘画水墨画的相关信息。
24.growth　考查词形转换。根据空前的Its可知，空处应用名词。故填growth。
25.gained　考查动词的时态。根据During the 1st century AD可知，应用一般过去时。故填gained。
26.built　考查非谓语动词。temples与build之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填built。
27.the　考查冠词。此处特指这个主题。故填the。
28.characters　考查名词的单复数。此处泛指多个历史人物。故填characters。
29.extremely　考查词形转换。修饰形容词popular应用副词。故填extremely。
30.itself　考查代词。主语与宾语表示的是同一个事物时，宾语用反身代词。 故填itself。
31.including　考查介词。根据句意可知，空处填介词，表示“包括”。故填including。
32.and　考查连词。空前后连接两个句子，又表顺承。故填and。
33.which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的句子作主语。故填which。
5 / 5Section Ⅱ　Using language
现在进行时的被动语态
①This broadcast is being brought to you from one of the largest museums on Earth — the Louvre！
②The plan is not being discussed at the meeting now.
③Is the house you bought last month being decorated now？
④What is being done to the machine？
【我的发现】
1.以上例句中都用了　　　　　　　　　　　　　　，其谓语构成是： 　　　　　　　　。
2.以上例句中第①句是现在进行时被动语态的　　　　　句式；第②句是　　　　　句式；第③句是　　　　　　句式；第④句是　　　　　　句式。
一、含义
现在进行时的被动语态表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作，强调主语是动作的承受者。
二、结构
肯定句 am/is/are being done
否定句 am/is/are not being done
一般疑问句 am/is/are （not）＋主语＋being done
特殊疑问句 疑问词＋am/is/are （not）＋主语＋being done
We can’t take this road， for the road is being repaired now.
我们不能走这条路，因为这条路正在修建。
It is reported that the water in the lake is not being protected now.
据报道，这个湖里的水现在没有得到保护。
Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse？
这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗？
Who is being trained for the coming English speech contest？
谁正在为即将举行的英语演讲比赛接受训练？
【即时演练1】　句型转换
They are building a modern school at present in his hometown.
①A modern school 　　　　　　　　　　at present in his hometown.（改为被动语态）
②A modern school 　　　　　　　　　　at present in his hometown.（把①句改为否定句）
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 at present in his hometown？（把①句改为一般疑问句）
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　？（对①句就in his hometown进行提问）
三、用法
1.表示说话时正在进行的被动动作，常与now， at the moment等时间状语连用。
As far as I know， he is now being treated in China.
据我所知，他现在正在中国接受治疗。
The topic is being discussed by them at the moment.
他们此刻正在讨论这个话题。
2.表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但该动作在说话的瞬间未必正在进行。
Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.
最近几天许多有趣的实验正在被进行着。（说话时，并不一定正在进行）
Preparations are being made for the 2028 Olympic Games in Los Angeles.
洛杉矶正在为2028年奥运会做准备。
3.表示习惯性的被动行为，常与 always， constantly，frequently等副词连用，往往带有夸奖、羡慕、埋怨、讨厌等感彩。
To my great amazement， the glasses of our living room are frequently being broken.
让我感到非常吃惊的是，我们起居室的玻璃经常被打破。
4.与某些情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的事情的推测。
Jim may be being interviewed by the reporters at the very moment.
吉姆此刻可能正在被记者们采访。
名师点津
（1）stay， love， have， want， belong to等一般不用于现在进行时的被动语态。
（2）“be＋under/in等介词＋名词”结构可用来表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。
The telephone is in use.＝The telephone is being used.
电话正在使用中。
【即时演练2】　一句多译
①因为他的自行车正在修理，约翰将不得不乘公共汽车上学。
→John will have to go to school by bus as his bike 　　　　　　　　　.
→John will have to go to school by bus as his bike 　　　　　　　　　.
②许多地铁站，包括我们学校附近的地铁站，目前正在建设中，以便有更便利的交通。
→Many subway stations，including the one near our school， 　　　　　　　　　　at present for a better transport in the city.
→Many subway stations，including the one near our school， 　　　　　　　　　　at present for a better transport in the city.
③是否建立一条新的高速公路还在考虑之中。
→Whether to build a new freeway 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
→Whether to build a new freeway 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
lack v.没有，缺乏n.缺乏，短缺
【教材原句】　While some say contemporary art lacks skill， meaning and artistic value， others argue that its worth lies in its ability to stimulate new discussions and understanding of everyday objects， such as water pipes and iron wires.
虽然有些人说当代艺术缺乏技巧、意义和艺术价值，但是其他人坚持认为：它的价值在于能够激发人们对日常事物新的讨论和理解，比如水管和铁丝。
【用法】　
（1）lack for nothing　　　　　　什么也不缺 a lack of　　缺乏…… for/through lack of　　因缺少…… （2）lacking adj.　　缺少的，不足的 be lacking in ...　　在……方面缺乏
【佳句】　Lacking/For lack of/Lacking in experience， Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.
由于缺乏经验，简不知道该如何应付这种可怕的局面。
【点津】　lack既可以作动词也可以作名词。作及物动词时，后面直接接宾语，作不及物动词时常接介词for；作名词时，后面常接介词of。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①With her family supporting her， she lacked 　　　　　　nothing.
②Later， he worked in Africa， where many people suffered from blindness 　　　　　　　　lack of proper treatment.
【写美】　补全句子
③Though 　　　　　　　　　　　　， he kept trying hard and won the first prize in the speech contest.（lacking）
尽管他缺乏信心，但他坚持努力，最终在演讲比赛获得第一名。
Section Ⅱ　Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.现在进行时的被动语态　be being done
2.肯定　否定　一般疑问　特殊疑问
即时演练1
①is being built　②isn’t being built
③Is a modern school being built
④Where is a modern school being built at present
即时演练2
①is being repaired； is under repair
②are being constructed； are under construction
③is still being considered； is still under consideration
【知识要点·须拾遗】
　①for　②for/through　③lacking in confidence
3 / 3(共66张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Using language
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
3
课时检测·提能力
2
知识要点·须拾遗
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
现在进行时的被动语态
①This broadcast is being brought to you from one of the largest museums
on Earth — the Louvre！
②The plan is not being discussed at the meeting now.
③Is the house you bought last month being decorated now？
④What is being done to the machine？
【我的发现】
1. 以上例句中都用了 　现在进行时的被动语态　，其谓语构成
是： 　be being done　。
2. 以上例句中第①句是现在进行时被动语态的 　肯定　句式；第②句
是 　否定　句式；第③句是 　一般疑问　句式；第④句是 　特殊疑
问　句式。
现在进行时的被动语态　
be being done　
肯定　
否定　
一般疑问　
特殊疑
问　
一、含义
现在进行时的被动语态表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动
作，强调主语是动作的承受者。
二、结构
肯定句 am/is/are being done
否定句 am/is/are not being done
一般疑问句 am/is/are （not）＋主语＋being done
特殊疑问句 疑问词＋am/is/are （not）＋主语＋being done
We can’t take this road， for the road is being repaired now.
我们不能走这条路，因为这条路正在修建。
It is reported that the water in the lake is not being protected now.
据报道，这个湖里的水现在没有得到保护。
Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse？
这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗？
Who is being trained for the coming English speech contest？
谁正在为即将举行的英语演讲比赛接受训练？
【即时演练1】　句型转换
They are building a modern school at present in his hometown.
①A modern school 　is being built　 at present in his hometown.（改为
被动语态）
②A modern school 　isn’t being built　 at present in his hometown.
（把①句改为否定句）
③ 　Is a modern school being built　 at present in his hometown？（把①
句改为一般疑问句）
④ 　Where is a modern school being built at present　？（对①句就in
his hometown进行提问）
is being built　
isn’t being built　
Is a modern school being built　
Where is a modern school being built at present　
三、用法
1. 表示说话时正在进行的被动动作，常与now， at the moment等时间
状语连用。
As far as I know， he is now being treated in China.
据我所知，他现在正在中国接受治疗。
The topic is being discussed by them at the moment.
他们此刻正在讨论这个话题。
2. 表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作，但该动作在说话的瞬间未必正在
进行。
Many interesting experiments are being carried out these days.
最近几天许多有趣的实验正在被进行着。（说话时，并不一定正在
进行）
Preparations are being made for the 2028 Olympic Games in Los
Angeles.
洛杉矶正在为2028年奥运会做准备。
3. 表示习惯性的被动行为，常与 always， constantly，frequently等副
词连用，往往带有夸奖、羡慕、埋怨、讨厌等感彩。
To my great amazement， the glasses of our living room are
frequently being broken.
让我感到非常吃惊的是，我们起居室的玻璃经常被打破。
4. 与某些情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的事情的推测。
Jim may be being interviewed by the reporters at the very moment.
吉姆此刻可能正在被记者们采访。
名师点津
（1）stay， love， have， want， belong to等一般不用于现在进行时
的被动语态。
（2）“be＋under/in等介词＋名词”结构可用来表示现在进行时的被
动语态的含义。
The telephone is in use.＝The telephone is being used.
电话正在使用中。
【即时演练2】　一句多译
①因为他的自行车正在修理，约翰将不得不乘公共汽车上学。
→John will have to go to school by bus as his bike 　is being repaired　.
→John will have to go to school by bus as his bike 　is under repair　.
②许多地铁站，包括我们学校附近的地铁站，目前正在建设中，以便
有更便利的交通。
→Many subway stations，including the one near our school， 　are being
constructed　 at present for a better transport in the city.
→Many subway stations，including the one near our school， 　are
under construction　 at present for a better transport in the city.
is being repaired　
is under repair　
are being
constructed　
are
under construction　
③是否建立一条新的高速公路还在考虑之中。
→Whether to build a new freeway 　is still being considered　.
→Whether to build a new freeway 　is still under consideration　.
is still being considered　
is still under consideration　
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
lack v.没有，缺乏n.缺乏，短缺
【教材原句】　While some say contemporary art lacks skill， meaning
and artistic value， others argue that its worth lies in its ability to stimulate
new discussions and understanding of everyday objects， such as water
pipes and iron wires.
虽然有些人说当代艺术缺乏技巧、意义和艺术价值，但是其他人坚持
认为：它的价值在于能够激发人们对日常事物新的讨论和理解，比如
水管和铁丝。
【用法】
（1）lack for nothing　　　什么也不缺
a lack of　　缺乏……
for/through lack of　　因缺少……
（2）lacking adj.　　缺少的，不足的
be lacking in ...　　在……方面缺乏
【佳句】　Lacking/For lack of/Lacking in experience， Jane was quite
at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.
由于缺乏经验，简不知道该如何应付这种可怕的局面。
【点津】　lack既可以作动词也可以作名词。作及物动词时，后面直
接接宾语，作不及物动词时常接介词for；作名词时，后面常接介词
of。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①With her family supporting her， she lacked 　for　 nothing.
②Later， he worked in Africa， where many people suffered from
blindness 　for/through　 lack of proper treatment.
【写美】　补全句子
③Though 　lacking in confidence　， he kept trying hard and won the
first prize in the speech contest.（lacking）
尽管他缺乏信心，但他坚持努力，最终在演讲比赛获得第一名。
for　
for/through　
lacking in confidence　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：基础题型练
品句填词
1. Though he 　lacks　 （缺乏） practical experience， he makes up for
it with great effort.
2. When I was quite young， my family had one of the first telephones in
our 　neighbourhood　 （社区）.
lacks　
neighbourhood　
3. In some places only people above 18 years old can buy 　cigarettes　
（香烟） from the shop.
4. Chinese 　calligraphy　 （书法） focuses not only on methods of
writing but also on cultivating one’s character.
5. You’ll have to 　demonstrate　 （示范） it again before the students
can perform the experiment by themselves.
6. The elevator doors slid open， and a couple， dressed in 　elegant　
（优雅的） coats， appeared with shopping bags.
7. Nowadays few people go to the shop to buy a needle　 and thread.
cigarettes　
calligraphy　
demonstrate　
elegant　
eedle　
8. They had to carve　 signs on the trees all the way so that they
wouldn’t get lost in the forest.
9. The government should do more to stimulate　 investment in the
territory.
10. He is vividly　 describing everything he has seen during his visit to
Beijing.
arve　
timulate　
ividly　
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1. The problem of garbage pollution is getting so serious that many cities
around the world 　are now being surrounded　 by garbage.
垃圾污染的问题变得如此严重，以至于世界上许多城市现在都被垃
圾包围。
2. It is reported that living spaces for wildlife 　are being reduced　 due
to the cutting of trees.
据报道，由于砍伐树木，野生动物的生存空间正在减少。
are now being surrounded　
are being reduced　
3. A party 　is being held　 by them to welcome the new colleagues.
他们正在举办一场联欢会来欢迎新同事。
4. At the moment， my mountain bike 　 is being repaired/is under
repair　 and I have to go to school on foot.
目前，我的山地车正在被修理，我不得不步行去上学。
5. Most of the buildings destroyed in the earthquake 　are being
rebuilt　.
在地震中被毁的大部分建筑物正在重建。
is being held　
is being repaired/is under
repair　
are being
rebuilt　
6. Several students are standing under the stairs and 　 are being
questioned　 by the headmaster.
几个学生正站在楼梯下面，被校长提问。
7. It is reported that many a new house 　is being built　 at present in the
disaster area.
据报道，现在灾区有很多新房子正在被建造。
8. I 　am being treated in the hospital now， so I cannot go to the cinema
with you.
我现在正在医院接受治疗，所以我不能和你一起去看电影。
are being
questioned　
is being built　
am being treated
维度三：语法与语篇
所给单词的适当形式完成下面短文。
　　Scientists say that global warming isn’t the only serious problem
that 1. 　has been faced　 （face） by us human beings up to now.At
present， we 2. 　are being threatened　 （threaten） by the decline and
even extinction of many species.It’s said that half of all insects
worldwide have been declining since the 1970s.A new warning is that over
40 per cent of insect species may die out in the future.According to some
researchers， the number of insects 3. 　is becoming　 （become）
smaller and smaller every year.
has been faced　
are being threatened　
is becoming　
　　In addition， Dave Goulson， Professor of Biology at the University
of Sussex， says that a lot of insects 4. 　are being killed　 （kill） these
days by pesticides （杀虫剂） used for farming and gardening.He told
reporters，“Three quarters of our crops depend on insect pollinators （传
花粉者）.If we don’t take any measures， we won’t even have fruit
like strawberries.Actually， a large quantity of rice 5. 　is being
consumed　 （consume） every day.But without insects， there would
not be enough crops to feed 7.5 billion people.” Ever since， all of us
6. 　have been warned　 （warn） that we can’t wait another 25 years
before we do anything because it will be too late.
are being killed　
is being
consumed　
have been warned　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Jamie Wardley is a special kind of artist — an ice sculptor. He first
trained as a sand sculptor. Later，he learned about ice sculpture. Now he
does sand sculpture in summer. And in winter， he sculpts ice.
　　When sculpting ice， Wardley has to work in cold temperatures. If
the weather is cold enough， he can work outside. But winter in the
United Kingdom is not always very cold. So often he works in a large
freezer where the temperature is about －12℃.
　　Wardley enjoys sculpting ice outside in winter. When he sculpts in
the open air， people can watch. They can be part of the creative process.
　　Wardley makes ice sculpting sound simple.But the tools Wardley uses
are sharp and dangerous. And the ice is very heavy. Each block of ice
weighs 120 kilos. And some larger sculptures are made of several
combined blocks of ice. Sometimes ice sculptures can be as big as
buildings. In Kemi， Finland there is an ice hotel called the Snow Castle.
Each year， Wardley helps build the Snow Castle.
　　Inside the Snow Castle， the temperature is －50℃. Even the dining
tables are made of ice. So you have to wear winter clothes when eating
and wear a hat when sleeping. “The ice hotel is built every year in
January. Then it melts in April. Each year we rebuild it and create a new
design，” Wardley said.
　　The Snow Castle is a large and amazing work of ice， but
Wardley’s smaller ice sculptures are special too. One winter， in the city
of Bradford， the UK， Wardley created several small sculptures. He
used the sculptures to tell a story which contained an important message
about goodwill and understanding.
　　Ice sculptures are temporary works of art. When the temperature
rises， they will melt. But that does not mean that their beauty is lost. The
sculptures from that day in Bradford have now melted away， but their
message of goodwill， understanding and acceptance remains.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了英国冰雕艺术家杰
米·沃德利。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了英国冰雕艺术家杰
米·沃德利。
1. According to the text，Wardley 　　　　.（　　）
A. loves sand sculpture more than ice sculpture
B. sculpts ice in a large freezer in summer
C. worked as an ice sculptor in the beginning
D. enjoys carving ice outdoors in winter
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，沃德利喜欢冬天
在室外做冰雕。
2. Which of the following can best describe Wardley’s sculpting？
（　　）
A. Easy and amazing.
B. Special but difficult.
C. Boring and dangerous.
D. Simple but temporary.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第四段所描述的做冰雕的过程和倒数
第二段第一句可知，B项（特别但是艰难）是沃德利冰雕的特点。
3. What do we know about the Snow Castle？（　　）
A. It lies in the city of Bradford， the UK.
B. It is too cold for people to live in.
C. It requires to be built every year.
D. It is built between January and April.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句中的Each year we
rebuild it可知，冰旅馆每年都需要重新建造。
4. What does the author think of ice sculptures？（　　）
A. They never melt in people’s hearts.
B. It takes time to understand them.
C. Their beauty doesn’t last forever.
D. They add more beauty to Bradford.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，作者认为冰
雕作品虽然会融化，但它们所传达的寓意将永存在人们心中。
B
　　Finger painting is an art that most people have experienced in
childhood. But there are still people who know little about this art form.
Finger painting is a simple activity that involves dipping fingers in paints
and then using fingers to create objects and shapes on a piece of paper. All
you need is a table at elbow height， a few sheets of plain paper， and a
few bottles of watercolour.
　　When engaging kids in this activity， one should use non-toxic （无
毒的） paints only. If not available in the market readily， non-toxic
paints can be made at home easily. Preferably， the paints should also be
eatable. Finger paints come in bright colours and can be purchased
relatively inexpensively. Adults can save money by making their own
finger paints using a mixture of cornstarch， food colouring and water.
　　It is a common fallacy that finger painting is for children alone，
rather it’s an activity that can be enjoyed by adults in equal measure.
Adults can use rubber gloves while painting to avoid dirty marks of paints
on their hands. When a group of people are gathered for an exercise of
finger painting， it can be a great way of creating a bond between the
group. Art and painting parties are a popular concept in the West.
Organizations can also use finger painting as a team-building activity by
making participants paint together on a large canvas （画布）.
　　There’s no limit to the expression of feelings in finger painting. All
one needs to do is go all out and put all their feelings on a piece of paper
by dipping their fingers in paints. While painting， one may
unconsciously choose colours that reflect their emotions. For example，
you may choose the colour red to express your anger or green to express
hope. At times you may be confused， and the painting will help you
describe your confused state of mind. Once you get your emotions on
paper， you are likely to feel relieved.
　　So what are you waiting for？ Plan a finger-painting session soon，
and experience the joy.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了手指画这种艺术活
动的特点和优势。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了手指画这种艺术活
动的特点和优势。
5. What can we know about finger painting？（　　）
A. Kids learn it much faster than adults.
B. Finger painting is easy to carry out.
C. Most people loved it in their childhood.
D. The preparation for it is quite difficult.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，手指画很容
易画。
6. What should people do when there are kids involved in finger
painting？（　　）
A. Use paints of bright colours.
B. Buy inexpensive paints.
C. Have parents stay with them.
D. Prepare safe paints for them.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，当有孩子参与手
指画时，人们应该为他们准备安全的颜料。
7. What does the underlined word “fallacy” in Paragraph 3 probably
mean？（　　）
A. Sense. B. Misunderstanding.
C. Principle. D. Possibility.
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文rather it’s an activity that
can be enjoyed by adults in equal measure可知，真实的情况是成年人
也可以画手指画，所以只有孩子才会画手指画是错误的看法，即误
解。故画线词意思是“误解”。
8. What does the example in Paragraph 4 show？（　　）
A. Finger painters have a wide choice of colours.
B. Finger painting shows people’s emotions correctly.
C. Finger painting provides freedom of self-expression.
D. Finger painters can find artistic inspiration from emotions.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段可推知，第四段的例子说明了
手指画提供了自我表达的自由。
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　I have many reasons to thank my family.One of them is that it
inspires creative 　9　.My father is a（n） 　10　 and my mother is a
gifted storyteller.They both strongly believe in raising children to look
inward to 　11　 their talent. 　12　 by my father’s literature works，
my older brother became good at writing songs and poetry and also 　13　
me to the art of poetry.
　　My family read books， listened to poetry and music
together， 　14　 I was gradually drawn into conversations that expanded
our mental horizons.I 　15　 found myself becoming the sort of person
who could not work smoothly when given a blank sheet of paper but soon
began to 　16　 it with poetry， or the plot for a novel， or the song
lines.At present， I am 　17　 a performance with self-belief， a poetry
recital show combined with drama， dance and music， on a 　18　 tour
and have taken it to 21 states.I strongly believe that artists must keep
it 　19　 what is the source of their inspiration and where their 　20　
comes from.I hold a belief that my inspiration comes from my 　21　 that
my parents provided for me.My creativity springs from the way I see the
world.This is the ability that feeds me as a 　22　 artist.
　　So， 　23　 around people who value the mind and knowledge and
celebrate self-discovery sets the stage for their own growth into who he is
today.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的父亲是一个优秀的作家，母
亲是一个有天赋的讲故事的人。他们都坚信要培养孩子审视自己，
发现自己的才能。因此作者激发出了自己的灵感和创造力，成了自
信的艺术家。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的父亲是一个优秀的作家，母
亲是一个有天赋的讲故事的人。他们都坚信要培养孩子审视自己，
发现自己的才能。因此作者激发出了自己的灵感和创造力，成了自
信的艺术家。
9. A. attitude B. choice
C. profession D. talent
解析： 　根据空前的creative和四个选项可知，这里指激发了创造
性才能。
10. A. speaker B. artist
C. writer D. singer
解析： 　根据下文 　12　 by my father’s literature works可知，
父亲是一名作家。
11. A. adjust B. discover
C. transform D. affect
解析： 　培养孩子审视自己，目的是发现他们的才能。
12. A. Influenced B. Forced
C. Advised D. Included
解析： 　哥哥擅长写歌、写诗是受了父亲的影响。
13. A. taught B. introduced
C. ordered D. exchanged
解析： 　根据下文me to the art of poetry可知，哥哥擅长写歌、
写诗，也把诗歌艺术介绍给了作者。
14. A. so B. but C. or D. for
解析： 　上文提到“家人一起读书、听诗、听音乐”，下文提
到“我逐渐被吸引到扩大我们精神视野的谈话中”，上下文为因
果关系，应用连词so。
15. A. entirely B. eventually
C. frequently D. extremely
解析： 上文提到了家人对作者的影响，导致最后作者成了在
白纸上写诗歌、小说情节和歌词的人。
16. A. desire B. resolve
C. cover D. admit
解析： 　空后的it指代白纸，此处指用诗歌、小说情节或歌词覆
盖了这张白纸。cover sth with“用……覆盖某事物”。
17. A. devoting B. adapting
C. composing D. staging
解析： 　根据空后的a performance可知，此处指作者进行演出，
应用stage表示“表演”。
18. A. national B. personal
C. global D. local
解析： 　根据空后的tour and have taken it to 21 states可知，演出
涉及21个州，是全国性的。
19. A. in order B. in mind
C. in motion D. in peace
解析： 　keep it in mind“记住”。
20. A. achievement B. encouragement
C. creativity D. performance
解析： 　根据下文My creativity springs from the way I see the
world.可知，这里指艺术家必须牢记他们的灵感来源和创造力来
自哪里。
21. A. strategy B. duty
C. emotion D. education
解析： 　根据空后的that my parents provided for me并结合上文
父母对作者的影响可知，作者的灵感来自父母的教育。
22. A. confident B. romantic
C. modest D. frank
解析： 　此处呼应上文a performance with self-belief，说明作者
很自信。
23. A. bringing up B. cheering up
C. growing up D. staying up
解析： 　结合上文可知，作者在有文化素养的家庭氛围中长
大，所以此处是指“在那些重视思想和知识，庆祝自我发现的人
身边长大”。
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　Starting around 4000 BC， traditional Chinese brush painting has
developed continuously over a period of more than six thousand years.Its
24. 　　　　　　 （grow） has reflected the changes of time.
　　During the 1st century AD， the art of painting religious morals
gradually 25. 　　　　　　 （gain） popularity， with Buddhism spread
to China and temples 26. 　　　　　　 （build）
consequently.However， 27. 　　　　　　 subject later expanded
beyond religious themes.For example， paintings of historical
28. 　　　　　　 （character） and stories of everyday life became
29. 　　　　　　 （extreme） popular.By the 4th century， this
particular type of painting had already established 30. 　　　　　　
（it） as an independent form of expression.It then gradually developed
into two separate styles， 31. 　　　　　　 （include） the flower-and-
bird painting.A great many artists in the 9th century painted in this style
32. 　　　　　　 their subjects included a rich variety of flowers， fruits，
birds， insects， and fish.
　　Since the turn of the 20th century， painters have often mixed several
colours on one brush or mixed their colours with black inks，
33. 　　　　　　 is similar to the Western painting skills.As a result，
they have obtained more natural and richly varied colours.Such techniques
have been widely adopted and further developed in the contemporary
period.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统绘画水墨画的
相关信息。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统绘画水墨画的
相关信息。
24. growth　考查词形转换。根据空前的Its可知，空处应用名词。故
填growth。
25. gained　考查动词的时态。根据During the 1st century AD可知，应
用一般过去时。故填gained。
26. built　考查非谓语动词。temples与build之间是逻辑上的动宾关
系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填built。
27. the　考查冠词。此处特指这个主题。故填the。
28. characters　考查名词的单复数。此处泛指多个历史人物。故填
characters。
29. extremely　考查词形转换。修饰形容词popular应用副词。故填
extremely。
30. itself　考查代词。主语与宾语表示的是同一个事物时，宾语用反
身代词。 故填itself。
31. including　考查介词。根据句意可知，空处填介词，表示“包
括”。故填including。
32. and　考查连词。空前后连接两个句子，又表顺承。故填and。
33. which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面的
句子作主语。故填which。
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