资源简介

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
维度一：品句填词
1.The 　　　　　　（船长） ordered the crew members to get the training done by two o’clock.
2.Writing out all the invitations by hand 　　　　　　（消耗） more time than we had expected.
3.Employees in the company are 　　　　　（允许） to use the mobile phone during their free hours.
4.A number of other theories will be discussed in the following 　　　　　　（章节）； if you are interested， just keep reading.
5.The teacher， who has taught for over 30 years， is in 　　　　　　（负责） of the school work now.
6.There is something about music that d　　　　 　 it from all other art forms.
7.He was standing on the tower looking at the lake b　　　　　　.
8.One-third of the town is covered with trees and the majority of the r　　　　　　 are black people.
维度二：词形转换
1.The girl used to be shy， but now she is 　　　　　（gradual） getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
2.Fully absorbed in the 　　　　　　（fascinate） novel， he didn’t notice evening approaching.
3.People were 　　　　　　（astonish） to learn the news that the famous musician Zhao Yingjun had passed away.
4.You should have a goal 　　　　　　（relate） to your study at the beginning of a year.
5.You also need to judge the quality and 　　　　　（deep） of your motivation. This is quite important， because it is directly related to your commitment.
6.Your dad will go wild if he knows you drive his car without 　　　　　　（permit）.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.I heard that he got injured in the accident， 　　　　　　　　　　　　（我内心充满了担忧）.
2.People talked about it vividly， 　　　　　　　　　　　（好像他们都经历过一样） themselves.
3.　　　　　　　　　　 （坐在树下） a lovely girl aged about seventeen or eighteen.
4.To our shock， the car was stolen 　　　　　　　　　　（在大白天）.
5.We set off in the early morning and arrived there 　　　　　　　　　　　　 （提前）.
维度四：课文语法填空
　　I 1.　　　　　　 （take） a walk under the waters of the sea many years ago.I will never forget the impression 2.　　　　　　 （leave） on me.I find words are not enough to relate the great wonders！ Captain Nemo walked in front， one of his men 3.　　　　　　 （follow） some steps behind.Conseil and I 4.　　　　　　　　 （keep） in metal cases but we remained near each other.Inside the metal cases， I didn’t feel the weight of anything around me， including my shoes， my air supply and my helmet， inside 5.　　　　　　 my head shook like a nut in its shell.
　　The light went through thirty feet of water and lit the soil below the surface of the ocean.The sunlight was so 6.　　　　　　 （power） that it consumed all colour.As 7.　　　　　　 result， I was able to see different objects 8.　　　　　　 a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.Beyond the sunlight， the colours became fine shades of deep blue and 9.　　　　　　 （gradual） disappeared.We were walking on the sand as if we were walking on a flat shore.When I tell you this story about my walk at the 10.　　　　　　 （deep） of thirty feet， I don’t expect you to believe me.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Climbers targeting peaks above 5，000 meters in the Xizang autonomous region， including the north side of Qomolangma， now have to apply for a permit， according to a rule issued by Chinese sports authorities.
　　To make climbing safer， or at least less deadly， the General Administration of Sport and the sports bureau of Xizang released a notification （通知） requiring climbers to send an application to the bureau at least a month in advance of their planned climb.It said climbing without permits will be strictly forbidden.
　　“In recent years， cases of injuries， missing people and deaths have been witnessed as a result of illegal climbing，” the notification said.“Climbing is a highly professional sport with high risk.Most illegal climbers lack professional skills， facilities and tour guides.Such activities will interfere with orderly climbing and bring risks， not only to the climbers themselves but also rescuers.They will also lead to a loss of personal or national property.”
　　Applications will need to detail each individual climber’s personal information， proposed climbing routes and related plans.Climbers are also being asked to obey related rules to protect mountain environments.The notification also urged regional government departments to strengthen safety checks and the prohibition of illegal climbing， encourage residents to join regular patrols near major climbing routes and promote public education on climbing safety.
　　In a previous interview with China Daily， Kul Bahadur Gurung， general secretary of the Nepal Mountaineering Association， said difficult weather conditions， lack of experience and support personnel， and the commercialization （商业化） of expeditions were the main reasons for the high death toll on the world’s highest peak.“Since the number of people reaching the summit of Everest is increasing， everyone thinks it is easier to climb and everyone can climb， which is a totally false idea，” he said.
1.Why is a permit needed for Qomolangma climbers？（　　）
A.To stop illegal climbing.
B.To provide training ahead.
C.To limit the number of climbers.
D.To collect climbers’ information.
2.Which word can best replace the underlined words “interfere with” in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A.test　　　　　　　 B.change
C.replace　 D.disturb
3.What does Paragraph 4 focus on about the notification？（　　）
A.Its content.　 B.Its purpose.
C.Its background.　 D.Its impact.
4.What does Kul Bahadur Gurung think of the Everest climbing？（　　）
A.It’s a totally false idea. B.It should be eco-friendly.
C.It’s highly professional. D.It should be non-profitable.
B
　　Scrolling through Instagram can quickly convince you that everyone’s life is more interesting than yours.During a particularly adventurous week on Instagram Stories recently， I saw water skiing in Maui， hiking in Yosemite and swimming with wild pigs in Bermuda.I started googling flights to new places.Then I ordered pho， Vietnam’s national dish， from the same Vietnamese place I eat every week and returned to the same old routine and I felt bad about not trying somewhere new.
　　Evolutionarily， human brains tend to find newfangled experiences more exciting and attention-grabbing than repeated experiences.They can’t process all the thrills around us， so we evolve to pay attention to new， flashy and potentially dangerous things more intently than familiar things， which we’ve seen enough to know they’re not dangerous.What’s more， words like “repetition” and “repetitiveness” tend to be associated with more negative emotions.
　　However， recent research published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology suggests we should reconsider how we digest those feelings of monotony （单调）.Some previous research has painted a negative picture of repeated experiences， saying that doing the same thing twice can feel less valuable.But Ed O’Brien， a professor of behavioral science， wondered whether people actually underestimate how positively they react to repeated experiences.
　　To test this theory， Mr O’Brien and his team exposed all participants to the same stimulus （刺激） （various stimuli were tested， including museum visits， movies and video games）.Next， after dividing them into two groups， the first group of participants were asked to imagine repeating the experience， while the second actually did repeat the experience.Counter to previous research， Mr O’Brien found that across the board， repeated experiences were far more enjoyable than participants expected.In other words： You’re far more likely to enjoy something the second time around than you think.
　　“Brand new experiences are definitely great for enjoyment，” said Mr O’Brien.“And our studies don’t go against this idea.In many cases， the brand new option is better.But， what our studies emphasize is that repeated options might also have high hedonic （享乐的） value and might also come with lower costs than a purely new option.”
5.What did the author think of her own life？（　　）
A.It included many exciting things.
B.It depended heavily on social media.
C.It was highly adventurous.
D.It was boringly repetitive.
6.How do our brains usually respond to stimuli from familiar things？（　　）
A.They may pay little attention to them.
B.They may process them first.
C.They may feel uncertain of them.
D.They may consider them as positive things.
7.What is the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 2？（　　）
A.Fictional.　　　　　 B.Fascinating.
C.Novel.　 D.Significant.
8.What did the second group of participants do during the experiment？（　　）
A.They experienced the same stimuli twice.
B.They imagined their old experiences twice.
C.They repeated similar activities many times.
D.They predicted the first group’s experiences.
C
　　This past January， Captain Preet Chandi set foot on a historic， though decidedly icy trail by becoming the first woman to reach the South Pole alone， without assistance.While others might have been content to make history with this singular accomplishment， “Polar Preet” Chandi is not one to rest on her achievements.The journey to the South Pole was merely “phase one” of a larger and even more extraordinary goal for the adventurous British Army officer.
　　“For the phase two”， the 33-year-old has set her sights on crossing Antarctica — once again doing the journey alone and unsupported to become the first woman to achieve this goal.
　　On 14 November 2023， Chandi departed from Hercules Inlet， an ice-filled bay at the southwestern section of the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf bordering the Weddell Sea in Antarctica.Her goal is to reach Reedy Glacier within 75 days， a coast-to-coast journey consisting of roughly 1，100 miles.And “roughly” is the key word here — she’ll be pulling a sled （雪橇） with equipment， weighing about 264 pounds altogether， and she’ll be doing so in temperatures that can sink to minus 58 degrees Fahrenheit， with wind speeds of up to 60 miles per hour.
　　Her journey thus far required years of training.Prior to her 700-mile South Pole journey， she prepared by attending a polar survival course in Norway.She continued her training back home in the UK by dragging tires， the closest thing to pulling a sled， and a month-long practice run in Greenland.Ultimately， Chandi went on to finish her first South Pole expedition in 40 days， a full eight days ahead of schedule.
　　When not otherwise setting records of human endurance in extreme conditions， Chandi tries to inspire others in her day-to-day work.
　　Chandi will be posting interval （间隔） voice blog updates of her phase two progress on her website， polar ， where a live tracking map will also provide her current location at every point along her journey.
　　“Nothing is impossible.I’ve always had this idea that I can achieve something great， something that allows me to be a role model，” Chandi shared on her blog.
9.Why does Chandi want to cross Antarctica？（　　）
A.To stick to a promise.
B.To take further challenges.
C.To raise money for poor women.
D.To realize her childhood dream.
10.Why did the author emphasize the word “roughly” in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A.To hide the author’s bad memory of numbers.
B.To indicate there are more challenges facing Chandi.
C.To explain there is no proper word to describe the journey.
D.To show there is no official figure about the distance to Antarctica.
11.What can we infer from Paragraph 4？（　　）
A.Survival training is a hard process.
B.Chandi got trained by pulling sleds.
C.The journey to South Pole was eventful.
D.Chandi made full preparations for her adventure.
12.Which words can best describe Chandi？（　　）
A.Inspiring and friendly.
B.Active and creative.
C.Confident and determined.
D.Adventurous and modest.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Rainforests cover six percent of the Earth’s surface. There are rainforests in many parts of the world， but the biggest forests are in South America， Africa and South East Asia.There aren’t any rainforests in Europe or North America.
　　About 75% of all the types of animals come from rainforests.13.（　　） There are many beautiful birds， insects and reptiles.Many of them live in the trees， over 30 meters from the ground.There are also thousands of different plants — and lots of them are tall trees！ It is always hot in a rainforest and the ground is always wet.14.（　　）
　　The rainforests are very important for us.We need them！ The trees and other plants in the forest help to make the air that we breathe.15.（　　） They give us wood， rubber， fruits and many of our medicines.
　　16.（　　） For example， many years ago there was a large rainforest in Java.There were thousands of different plants and animals in the forest， but now there is nothing.People cut down the trees because they wanted to grow rice.They also wanted to grow rubber trees to make rubber.Many animals lived in the rainforest.Some of them went to other parts of Java， but many of them disappeared — forever.17.（　　） The rainforests are in danger！
A.It is also very dark there.
B.They also help to control the weather.
C.They cut down the forest to make roads.
D.Many forest people try to save their forests.
E.Thousands and thousands of animals live in rainforests.
F.Unfortunately， in many places， the rainforests are in danger.
G.The same thing is happening now in many other parts of the world.
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　上周末你校组织了一次爬山活动，请把这次经历记录下来。内容包括：
　　1.出发的时间和乘坐的交通工具；
　　2.爬山途中令你印象深刻的事情。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.captain　2.consumed　3.permitted　4.chapter（s）
5.charge　6.distinguishes　7.beneath　8.residents
维度二
1.gradually　2.fascinating　3.astonished　4.related
5.depth　6.permission
维度三
1.my heart full of worry
2.as if they had all experienced it
3.Under the tree sat/sits
4.in broad daylight
5.ahead of time/schedule
维度四
1.took　2.left　3.following　4.were kept　5.which
6.powerful　7.a　8.at　9.gradually　10.depth
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国体育部门为阻止非法攀登，要求攀登西藏自治区5，000米以上山峰的登山者必须申请许可证。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第二段内容和第三段第一句可知，非法攀登造成了很多安全问题，珠穆朗玛峰登山者需要许可证是为了禁止非法攀登，确保安全。
2.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句前一句和后一句可知，非法登山者缺乏登山必备的条件，会造成很多损失。由此推知，非法登山的活动干扰正常有序的登山，带来很多风险。interfere with意为“干扰”，与disturb意思一致。
3.A　段落大意题。通读第四段内容可知，本段介绍了该通知的具体内容，包括申请表填写的要求、对登山者的要求、对地方政府部门的要求等。
4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段末Kul Bahadur Gurung所说的话可知，他认为攀登珠峰顶峰很容易的想法是错误的。由此推知，他认为珠峰攀登是一项极其专业的活动。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了很多人都喜欢冒险，追求新鲜感，但是研究却发现重复也能给我们带来快乐。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者觉得自己的生活毫无新意，没有创新。
6.A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Evolutionarily， human brains tend to find newfangled experiences more exciting ... than familiar things可推断，我们的大脑使我们不太注意熟悉的刺激物。
7.C　词义猜测题。根据画线词后句可知，人类的大脑往往会关注新奇的事物。所以newfangled意为“新奇的”。
8.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的Next， after dividing them into two groups， the first group of participants were asked to imagine repeating the experience， while the second actually did repeat the experience.可知，第二组参与者重复了先前的体验。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了第一位独自到达南极点的女性普里特·昌迪开始进行穿越南极洲的激励人的探险故事。
9.B　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的without assistance以及第二段中的doing the journey alone and unsupported可知，Preet Chandi是一个爱冒险的人，她穿越南极洲是为了尝试有挑战性的事情。
10.B　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可推知，作者强调“大约”是1，100英里，因为除了这个路程外，Chandi还面临着沉重的设备、极度的低温以及大风等带来的困难。
11.D　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，她为这次探险做了充分的准备工作。
12.C　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，Preet Chandi克服困难，独自一人成功抵达南极点，这说明她有着坚定的意志；再结合最后一段可推知，她是一位意志坚定且自信的女性。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了热带雨林的分布、动植物资源、环境条件以及面临的危险。
13.E　上文讲述了热带雨林的动物种类大约占75%，下文讲述了热带雨林里有许多鸟类、昆虫和爬行动物。由此可知，空处应与热带雨林的动物有关，E项（成千上万的动物生活在热带雨林中）承上启下，符合语境。
14.A　上文讲述了雨林的环境条件：雨林里总是很热，地面总是潮湿的。A项（那里也很黑）进一步补充上文，符合语境。
15.B　上文讲述了我们需要雨林，森林中的植物制造我们呼吸的空气。B项（它们也有助于控制天气）承接上文，符合语境。
16.F　下文列举了爪哇岛热带雨林消失的例子。F项（不幸的是，在许多地方，热带雨林正处于危险之中）与下文构成例证关系，符合语境。
17.G　根据上下文可知，爪哇岛的热带雨林被破坏，导致动植物消失，所以空处应是说许多其他地方的热带雨林也在遭遇同样的困境，所以很多热带雨林处于危险之中。G项（同样的事情现在正在世界许多其他地方发生）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
　　Last weekend， I went to climb the mountain with my classmates.We set off in the early morning by bus and arrived at the destination at 8 o’clock.I was fascinated by the beautiful scenery along the road， which left a deep impression on me.We made an attempt to find the shortest way in order to climb to the top of the mountain as soon as possible.After failing many times， we finally found a road that was surrounded by many trees.Along the way， we encountered a snake， which crawled away immediately it saw us.Fortunately， no one was injured.Finally， we climbed to the top of the mountain successfully.
5 / 5Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
TWENTY THOUSAND LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA
　　In 1866， a terrible sea creature① is seen by several ships.Biologist② Professor Pierre Aronnax and his servant， Conseil， join a ship to find and kill the creature.After a long journey into the Pacific Ocean， the creature is finally seen.[1]While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with③ the whale hunter Ned Land， fall into④ the sea， and discover that the “creature” is actually⑤ a submarine. They are captured⑥ and taken inside the submarine， where they meet the man in charge⑦， Captain Nemo.Ahead of⑧ its time， the submarine is also a secret from the rest of the world.In order to keep this secret， Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the submarine.While Ned Land can think only of⑨ escaping， Aronnax and Conseil are fascinated by their adventures in the new underwater world.In this part adapted from⑩ a chapter of the book， Aronnax describes the experience of walking on the sea bed ...
　　[1]While attacking from the ship为时间状语从句的省略句；discover that ... 中that引导宾语从句。
　　And now， how can I look back upon the impression left upon me by that walk under the waters？ Words are not enough to relate such wonders ！ Captain Nemo walked in front，[2]one of his men following some steps behind.Conseil and I remained near each other， as if an exchange of words had been possible through our metal cases.I no longer felt the weight of my clothes， or of my shoes， of my air supply ， or my thick helmet， [3]inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell .
　　[2]独立主格结构，在句中作伴随状语。
　　[3]“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词my thick helmet。
　　The light， [4]which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean， astonished me by its power.The solar rays shone through the watery mass easily， and consumed all colour， and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.Beyond that the colours darkened into fine shades of deep blue， and gradually disappeared.Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere， but almost as clear.[5]Above me was the calm surface of the sea.We were walking on fine， even sand， not wrinkled， as on a flat shore， which keeps the impression of the waves. This dazzling carpet， really a reflector ， drove away the rays of the sun with wonderful intensity， [6]which accounted for the vibration which passed through every atom of liquid .Shall I be believed when I say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see [7] as if I was in broad daylight？
　　（Adaptation from Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea by Jules Verne）
　　[4]which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The light。
　　[5]介词短语置于句首引起的完全倒装。
　　[6]句中两个which均引导定语从句，第一个which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句，第二个which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词vibration。
　　[7]as if引导方式状语从句。
【读文清障】
①creature n.生物
②biologist n.生物学家
③along with与……一起
④fall into 掉入
⑤actually adv.事实上；实际上
⑥capture v.捕获；俘获
⑦in charge主管，负责
⑧ahead of在……之前
⑨think of考虑；想出
⑩（be） adapted from由……改编
look back upon 回顾
leave an impression upon
给……留下印象
wonder n.奇观；奇迹
remain v.保持
supply n.供应量；补给品
shell n.（蛋/果/贝）壳
at a distance of 在……的距离
darken v.（使）变暗/黑
dazzling adj.炫目的，耀眼的
reflector n.反射器；反光体
drive away 驶离；驱走
account for 解释，说明
liquid n.液体，液态物
at the depth of 在……的深度
【参考译文】
海底两万里
　　1866年，多艘船只目击到一只可怕的海洋生物。生物学家皮埃尔·阿龙纳斯教授和他的仆人康塞尔乘船出海，准备找到这只生物并消灭它。他们在太平洋上航行了很久，终于找到了这只生物。他们从船上对这只生物展开攻击，结果阿龙纳斯、康塞尔和捕鲸猎人内德·兰德都坠入海中，并且发现所谓的“生物”其实是一艘潜水艇。他们一行人被抓了起来并被带到潜水艇内，在那里他们遇见了负责人——尼摩船长。这艘潜水艇是一个超越时代的发明，并且一直是一个不为人知的秘密。为了保守这个秘密，尼摩船长告诫他的三位新乘客永远都不能离开这里。尽管内德·兰德一心想要逃离这个地方，但阿龙纳斯与康塞尔已被他们在海底新世界的奇遇深深吸引住了。下文改编自原著的一个章节，阿龙纳斯描述了他们在海底漫步的经历……
　　现在，我该如何追述水下漫步给我留下的印象呢？那种奇遇是语言无法描述的！尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个随从紧随其后。我和康塞尔一直挨得很近，近到好像能透过金属外壳听到彼此说话。我已经感觉不到衣服、鞋子、氧气罐和厚重头盔的重量。我的头在头盔中摇来晃去，就像果仁在壳里滚动一般。
　　光线照亮了海面以下30英尺的土地，这股力量使我震惊。阳光轻易地穿透水层，并消除了所有的色彩，我能清晰地辨认出150码以内的物体。在这个距离之外，颜色变深，呈现出深蓝色的阴影，逐渐看不到了。真的，环绕在我四周的水仿佛不过是一种气体，比地球的大气更稠密，却几乎一样透明。在我之上是平静的海面，脚下的沙地又细又平，并不像平坦的海滩会随着海浪而褶皱。这块令人目眩的地毯简直是一个反射器，强有力地把阳光反射回去，光线所经之处的每个水分子都因此而振动。如果说在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日光下一样看得清清楚楚，会有人相信吗？
（节选自《海底两万里》，作者儒勒·凡尔纳）
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1.Why were Professor Pierre Aronnax and others kept in a submarine？（　　）
A.People couldn’t find them at all.
B.There was no creature forever.
C.The submarine was not open.
D.Captain Nemo came from space.
2.What did the author see in the submarine？（　　）
A.The things outside it looked beautiful.
B.The author couldn’t see them at all.
C.The author wanted to escape.
D.The author’s head looked like a nut.
3.What astonished the author？（　　）
A.The solar rays.
B.The ocean’s power.
C.The sand on the beach.
D.Every atom of liquid.
4.What does “that” refer to in the sentence “Beyond that the colours darkened into fine shades of deep blue ...”？（　　）
A.The solar light.
B.The solar rays.
C.All colours.
D.Objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.
5.What can we learn from the last paragraph？（　　）
A.Aronnax was astonished at the power of the light.
B.Aronnax couldn’t distinguish objects under the sea.
C.Aronnax felt uncomfortable while under the sea.
D.Aronnax felt very lonely while travelling under the sea.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
Read the passage carefully and find the sentence that describes the actions.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
第四步：拓思维品质提升
1.What do you think will happen next in the story？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
2.If there is a chance， would you like to dive？ Why？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
第五步：析难句表达升级
1.While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with the whale hunter Ned Land， fall into the sea， and discover that the “creature” is actually a submarine.
句式分析 While attacking from the ship为时间状语从句的　　　　， While后省略了　　　　　；discover that ...中的that引导　　　　　从句。
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
2.I no longer felt the weight of my clothes， or of my shoes， of my air supply， or my thick helmet， inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell为“介词＋关系代词”引导的　　　　　　　从句。
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
3.This dazzling carpet， really a reflector， drove away the rays of the sun with wonderful intensity， which accounted for the vibration which passed through every atom of liquid.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。which accounted for the vibration为which引导的　　　　　　　　从句；which passed through every atom of liquid为which引导的　　　　　　　　从句，修饰先行词　　　　　　。
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
4.Shall I be believed when I say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see as if I was in broad daylight？
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。when I say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see as if I was in broad daylight为when引导的　　　　　　从句；that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see as if I was in broad daylight为that引导的　　　　从句；as if I was in broad daylight为as if引导的　　　　　　从句。
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
charge n.主管，负责；费用 v.收费，要价；控告
【教材原句】　They are captured and taken inside the submarine， where they meet the man in charge， Captain Nemo.
他们一行人被抓了起来并被带到潜水艇内，在那里他们遇见了负责人——尼摩船长。
【用法】　
（1）free of charge　　　 　免费 in charge （of）　　负责，主管 in the charge （of）　　（由……）负责/主管 take charge of　　负责，主管 （2）charge sb for sth　　因某事/物收某人的费用 charge sb with sth　　控告某人某事
【佳句】　They did the experiment in the lab which was in the charge of Mr White.
＝They did the experiment in the lab which Mr White took charge of.
＝They did the experiment in the lab which Mr White was in charge of.
他们在怀特老师负责的实验室里做了实验。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①During the period of two weeks， we held a series of activities，some of which were in 　　　　　　charge of students from the English department.
②The car was bought six months ago and still under guarantee， so I got it repaired free 　　　　　　charge.
【写美】　补全句子
③The man who had 　　　　　　　　　　the company 　　　　　　　　　　bribe-taking， because he accepted a large amount of money from a department manager 　　　　　　　　the manufacturing.
掌管公司的那个人被指控受贿，因为他从负责生产的部门经理那里收了一大笔钱。
ahead of在……之前；早于；领先
【教材原句】　Ahead of its time， the submarine is also a secret from the rest of the world.
这艘潜水艇是一个超越时代的发明，并且一直是一个不为人知的秘密。
【用法】　
go ahead　　　　　　 　先走；进行；说吧；做吧；进行吧 go ahead with　　开始做；着手干 get ahead （of sb）　　走在（某人的）前面；领先；胜过（某人） ahead of time/schedule　　提前
【佳句】　Thanks to your help， we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.
多亏你们帮忙，我们才提前完成了任务。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Only if our horse can get ahead 　　　　　the leading runner， it can win the race！
②My thanks should go to those inspiring me to go 　　　　　　and giving me support as well.
【写美】　补全句子
③If everyone puts in a bit more effort， the task will be finished 　　　　　　　　　　.
如果每人多出把力，任务就可以提前完成。
permit v.允许，准许，许可
【教材原句】　In order to keep this secret， Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the submarine.
为了保守这个秘密，尼摩船长告诫他的三位新乘客永远都不能离开这里。
【用法】　
（1）permit sb to do sth　　允许某人做某事 permit doing sth　　允许做某事 time/weather permitting＝if time/weather permits 如果时间/天气允许的话 （2）permission n.　　许可，允许 ask sb’s permission　　请求许可 without permission　　未经许可，擅自 with one’s permission　　经某人允许
【佳句】　No one is permitted to take photos of the exhibits on show in the museum without permission.
未经允许，禁止任何人对博物馆里正在展出的展品拍照。（通知）
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Weather 　　　　　　（permit）， the competition to be held in our school stadium will begin at 2 pm and last for roughly 3 hours.
②We don’t permit 　　　　　（play） basketball on the playground now.
③I was very happy and excited to go there but I needed to ask my parents’ 　　　　　　（permit）.
【写美】　补全句子
④Much to my disappointment， the security guards didn’t 　　　　　　　　　a camera.
令我大为失望的是，保安人员不允许我带相机。（情感描写）
relate v.相联系，有关联；讲述
【教材原句】　And now， how can I look back upon the impression left upon me by that walk under the waters？ Words are not enough to relate such wonders！
现在，我该如何追述水下漫步给我留下的印象呢？那种奇遇是语言无法描述的！
【用法】　
（1）relate to ...　　　与……有关；谈到…… relate ...to ...　　把……与……联系起来 relate sth to sb　　向某人讲述某事 （2）related adj.　　相关的，有关系的 be related to ...　　与……有关 （3）relation n.　　联系，关联；亲属 in relation to　　有关，涉及 the relation between ...and ...　　……和……之间的联系
【佳句】　He later related the whole story to me， which made me very happy.
后来他给我讲了整件事的来龙去脉，这使我很高兴。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①At the present time， some people still relate embarrassment 　　　　　　　seeing a psychologist.
②It is interesting to talk about something in 　　　　　　（relate） to history in public.
③According to a recent survey， many smokers die all too soon from illness and diseases related 　　　　　　smoking.
【写美】　补全句子
④The second paragraph of the text 　　　　　　　　　　　　in Scotland.
文章第二段谈到苏格兰的形势。
astonish v.使吃惊，使惊讶
【教材原句】　The light， which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean， astonished me by its power.
光线照亮了海面以下30英尺的土地，这股力量使我震惊。
【用法】　
（1）It astonishes sb that ...令某人惊讶的是…… （2）astonishing adj.　　　令人惊讶的 astonished adj.　　感到惊讶的 be astonished at/by sth　　因/对某事感到惊讶 be astonished to do sth　　对做某事感到惊讶 （3）astonishment n.　　惊讶 to one’s astonishment　　使某人惊讶的是 in astonishment　　吃惊地
【佳句】　The moment I opened the box， my eyes widened in astonishment.
我一打开盒子就吃惊地睁大了双眼。（情感描写）
【练透】　单句语法填空
①　　　　　　 （astonish）， Peter sat on the square， with tears in his eyes.
②He was astonished 　　　　　　　　（learn） he had won the competition.
③You may find it 　　　　　　（astonish） that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and to dance as soon as he could walk.
【写美】　句型转换
④To my astonishment， she didn’t care about my feelings.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　 she didn’t care about my feelings.（it作形式主语）
distinguish v.看清；认出；区分
【教材原句】　...and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.
……我能清晰地辨认出150码以内的物体。
【用法】　
（1）distinguish between A and B　区分A和B distinguish ...from ...把……与……区分开来 distinguish oneself （as ...）（作为……）表现突出；使自己与众不同；使自己成名 （2）distinguished adj.　　　卓越的；著名的；杰出的 be distinguished for ...　因……而出名 be distinguished as ...　　作为……而出名
【佳句】　Distinguished for its attractive scenery， Hangzhou sees large numbers of tourists every year.
杭州以其迷人的风景而闻名遐迩，每年都有大量的游客。（推荐信）
【练透】　单句语法填空
①As far as we all know， Lang Ping has already distinguished 　　　　　　（she） as a great volleyball coach in the world.
②The twins were so much alike that it was impossible to distinguish one 　　　　　　the other.
【写美】　补全句子
③Paper-cutting 　　　　　　　　　　　　a traditional art form， which has a history of more than 1，500 years in China.
剪纸作为一种传统的艺术形式而出名，在中国有着1，500多年的历史。（传统文化）
surround v.环绕，围绕
【教材原句】　Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere，but almost as clear.
真的，环绕在我四周的水仿佛不过是一种气体，比地球的大气更稠密，却几乎一样透明。
【用法】　
（1）surround sb/sth with sb/sth 使某人/某物被某人/某物包围 be surrounded by/with 　　被围绕着；周围是…… （2）surrounding adj.　　周围的 surroundings n.　　环境（多用复数）
【佳句】　And don’t forget： we are surrounded by a natural playground just perfect for walking， climbing and cycling.
别忘了：我们周围有一个天然的游乐场，非常适合散步、攀岩和骑自行车。
【点津】　surroundings常用复数形式，表示周围具体的物质环境。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①In a word， you are welcome to our school and I hope you can adapt to the new 　　　　　　（surround） soon.
②It is wise to surround yourself 　　　　　　people who have a high level of self-discipline.
【写美】　补全句子
③The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp， which 　　　　　　　　　　a high wire fence.
这只饥饿的熊一路嗅着来到了我们的营地，营地周围有高高的铁丝网。（环境描写）
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：独立主格结构
【教材原句】　Captain Nemo walked in front， one of his men following some steps behind.
尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个随从紧随其后。
【用法】　
（1）句中的one of his men following some steps behind是独立主格结构。 （2）独立主格结构相当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随状况等。独立主格结构由“名词/代词＋介词短语/副词/形容词（短语）/名词/非谓语动词等”构成，其中前面的名词或代词在意义上为后面结构的逻辑主语。
【品悟】　He was astonished to see the embarrassing scene， his mouth half open.
看到这尴尬的场面，他大吃一惊，嘴巴半张着。
【写美】　微写作/句型转换
①早餐过后，一些探险家和他们的船长出发去探索这座神秘的岛屿。
　　　　　　　　，some explorers，along with their captain， set out to explore the mysterious island.
②After all the e-mails had been answered， the girl turned off the computer.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　， the girl turned off the computer.（独立主格结构）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　， the girl turned off the computer.（with复合结构）
句型公式：介词词组置于句首引起的完全倒装
【教材原句】　Above me was the calm surface of the sea.
在我之上是平静的海面。
【用法】　
（1）表示地点的介词词组置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。 （2）out， in， down， up， away， here， there， now， then， next等表示方位和时间的副词置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。 （3）在上述两种情况中，若主语是代词，则不用倒装。 （4）作表语的形容词、分词短语提到系动词前面时，句子也构成完全倒装。 （5）代词such置于句首，且在句中作表语时，句子用完全倒装。
【品悟】　Lying on the bed was my labmate， weak and worried.
我的课题搭档躺在床上，又虚弱又忧心忡忡。
【写美】　微写作
①从山谷中传来美妙的歌声。
From the valley 　　　　　　　　　　.
②窗边坐着一位老人，手里拿着一本杂志。
By the window 　　　　　　　　　　with a magazine in his hand.
③这就是我们充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎来参观。
　　　　　　　　　　　　， which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience.
④被选为领袖的她很幸运。
　　　　　　　　 who was chosen to be a leader.
句型公式：as if引导方式状语从句
【教材原句】　Shall I be believed when I say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see as if I was in broad daylight？
如果说在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日光下一样看得清清楚楚，会有人相信吗？
【用法】　
as if/as though引导表语从句或方式状语从句。 （1）如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的，句子要用陈述语气。 （2）如果所引导的从句只是表示一种假设的情况，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，其形式如下： 　as if/ as though
【品悟】　When you walk into the gallery， you feel as if you were inside a fragile， white seashell.当你走进画廊时，你感觉就像在一个精细洁白的贝壳里面。
【写美】　微写作/一句多译
①杰克什么也没说，但老师对他微笑，好像他做了一件非常聪明的事。
Jack didn’t say anything， but the teacher smiled at him as if he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②我记得整件事就像昨天发生的一样。
I remember the whole thing as if 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③当我看见那个男孩时，他站在那儿，低着头，好像刚刚被老师批评了。
→When I saw the boy， he stood there with his head bent 　　　　　　　　　　　just now.
→When I saw the boy， he stood there with his head bent 　　　　　　　　　　　　just now.
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.weight　2.a nut　3.another air　4.wrinkled　5.solar rays
6.vibration　7.in broad daylight
第二步
1－5　CABDA
第三步
While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with the whale hunter Ned Land， fall into the sea， and discover that the “creature” is actually a submarine.
第四步
1.I think there are some accidents they will meet， describing some hard conditions.
2.Yes， because I would like to appreciate the beautiful views underwater.
第五步
1.省略　they were　宾语
他们从船上对这只生物展开攻击，结果阿龙纳斯、康塞尔和捕鲸猎人内德·兰德都坠入海中，并且发现所谓的“生物”其实是一艘潜水艇。
2.非限制性定语
我已经感觉不到衣服、鞋子、氧气罐和厚重头盔的重量。我的头在头盔中摇来晃去，就像果仁在壳里滚动一般。
3.非限制性定语　限制性定语　vibration
这块令人目眩的地毯简直是一个反射器，强有力地把阳光反射回去，光线所经之处的每个水分子都因此而振动。
4.时间状语　宾语　方式状语
如果说在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日光下一样看得清清楚楚，会有人相信吗？
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①the　②of　③taken charge of； was charged with； in charge of
2.①of　②ahead　③ahead of time/schedule
3.①permitting　②playing　③permission　④permit me to bring
4.①to　②relation　③to　④relates to the situation
5.①Astonished　②to learn　③astonishing
④It astonished me that
6.①herself　②from　③is distinguished as
7.①surroundings　②with　③was surrounded by
重点句型解构
1.①Breakfast over　②All the e-mails answered；
With all the e-mails answered
2.①came the beautiful song　②sat an old man
③Such is our lively city　④Lucky is she
3.①had done something very clever　②it happened yesterday
③as if he was criticised by the teacher；
as if criticised by the teacher
11 / 11(共114张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
2
文本透析·剖语篇
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
TWENTY THOUSAND LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA
　　In 1866， a terrible sea creature① is seen by several ships.Biologist②
Professor Pierre Aronnax and his servant， Conseil， join a ship to find
and kill the creature.After a long journey into the Pacific Ocean， the
creature is finally seen.[1]While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and
Conseil， along with③ the whale hunter Ned Land， fall into④ the sea，
and discover that the “creature” is actually⑤ a submarine.
They are captured⑥ and taken inside the submarine， where they meet the
man in charge⑦， Captain Nemo.Ahead of⑧ its time， the submarine is
also a secret from the rest of the world.In order to keep this secret，
Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted
to leave the submarine.While Ned Land can think only of⑨ escaping，
Aronnax and Conseil are fascinated by their adventures in the new
underwater world.In this part adapted from⑩ a chapter of the book，
Aronnax describes the experience of walking on the sea bed ...
　　[1]While attacking from the ship为时间状语从句的省略句；
discover that ... 中that引导宾语从句。
【读文清障】
①creature n.生物
②biologist n.生物学家
③along with与……一起
④fall into 掉入
⑤actually adv.事实上；实际上
⑥capture v.捕获；俘获
⑦in charge主管，负责
⑧ahead of在……之前
⑨think of考虑；想出
⑩（be） adapted from由……改编
　　And now， how can I look back upon the impression left upon
me by that walk under the waters？ Words are not enough to relate such
wonders ！ Captain Nemo walked in front，[2]one of his men following
some steps behind.Conseil and I remained near each other， as if an
exchange of words had been possible through our metal cases.I no longer
felt the weight of my clothes， or of my shoes， of my air supply ， or
my thick helmet， [3]inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell .
　　[2]独立主格结构，在句中作伴随状语。
　　[3]“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词
my thick helmet。
look back upon 回顾
leave an impression upon 给……留下印象
wonder n.奇观；奇迹
remain v.保持
supply n.供应量；补给品
shell n.（蛋/果/贝）壳
　　The light， [4]which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the
ocean， astonished me by its power.The solar rays shone through the
watery mass easily， and consumed all colour， and I clearly
distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.Beyond
that the colours darkened into fine shades of deep blue， and gradually
disappeared.Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air
heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere， but almost as clear.[5]Above me
was the calm surface of the sea.We were walking on fine， even sand，
not wrinkled， as on a flat shore， which keeps the impression of the
waves.
This dazzling carpet， really a reflector ， drove away the rays of the
sun with wonderful intensity， [6]which accounted for the vibration
which passed through every atom of liquid .Shall I be believed when I
say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see [7] as if I was in broad
daylight？
　　（Adaptation from Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea by Jules
Verne）
　　[4]which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The light。
　　[5]介词短语置于句首引起的完全倒装。
　　[6]句中两个which均引导定语从句，第一个which引导非限制性
定语从句，修饰整个主句，第二个which引导限制性定语从句，修饰
先行词vibration。
　　[7]as if引导方式状语从句。
at a distance of 在……的距离
darken v.（使）变暗/黑
dazzling adj.炫目的，耀眼的
reflector n.反射器；反光体
drive away 驶离；驱走
account for 解释，说明
liquid n.液体，液态物
at the depth of 在……的深度
【参考译文】
海底两万里
　　1866年，多艘船只目击到一只可怕的海洋生物。生物学家皮埃
尔·阿龙纳斯教授和他的仆人康塞尔乘船出海，准备找到这只生物并
消灭它。他们在太平洋上航行了很久，终于找到了这只生物。他们从
船上对这只生物展开攻击，结果阿龙纳斯、康塞尔和捕鲸猎人内
德·兰德都坠入海中，并且发现所谓的“生物”其实是一艘潜水艇。
他们一行人被抓了起来并被带到潜水艇内，在那里他们遇见了负责
人——尼摩船长。这艘潜水艇是一个超越时代的发明，并且一直是一
个不为人知的秘密。
为了保守这个秘密，尼摩船长告诫他的三位新乘客永远都不能离开这
里。尽管内德·兰德一心想要逃离这个地方，但阿龙纳斯与康塞尔已
被他们在海底新世界的奇遇深深吸引住了。下文改编自原著的一个章
节，阿龙纳斯描述了他们在海底漫步的经历……
　　现在，我该如何追述水下漫步给我留下的印象呢？那种奇遇是语
言无法描述的！尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个随从紧随其后。我和康
塞尔一直挨得很近，近到好像能透过金属外壳听到彼此说话。我已经
感觉不到衣服、鞋子、氧气罐和厚重头盔的重量。我的头在头盔中摇
来晃去，就像果仁在壳里滚动一般。
　　光线照亮了海面以下30英尺的土地，这股力量使我震惊。阳光轻
易地穿透水层，并消除了所有的色彩，我能清晰地辨认出150码以内
的物体。在这个距离之外，颜色变深，呈现出深蓝色的阴影，逐渐看
不到了。真的，环绕在我四周的水仿佛不过是一种气体，比地球的大
气更稠密，却几乎一样透明。在我之上是平静的海面，脚下的沙地又
细又平，并不像平坦的海滩会随着海浪而褶皱。这块令人目眩的地毯
简直是一个反射器，强有力地把阳光反射回去，光线所经之处的每个
水分子都因此而振动。如果说在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明
亮的日光下一样看得清清楚楚，会有人相信吗？
（节选自《海底两万里》，作者儒勒·凡尔纳）
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1. Why were Professor Pierre Aronnax and others kept in a submarine？
（　　）
A. People couldn’t find them at all.
B. There was no creature forever.
C. The submarine was not open.
D. Captain Nemo came from space.
2. What did the author see in the submarine？（　　）
A. The things outside it looked beautiful.
B. The author couldn’t see them at all.
C. The author wanted to escape.
D. The author’s head looked like a nut.
3. What astonished the author？（　　）
A. The solar rays.
B. The ocean’s power.
C. The sand on the beach.
D. Every atom of liquid.
4. What does “that” refer to in the sentence “Beyond that the colours
darkened into fine shades of deep blue ...”？（　　）
A. The solar light.
B. The solar rays.
C. All colours.
D. Objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.
5. What can we learn from the last paragraph？（　　）
A. Aronnax was astonished at the power of the light.
B. Aronnax couldn’t distinguish objects under the sea.
C. Aronnax felt uncomfortable while under the sea.
D. Aronnax felt very lonely while travelling under the sea.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
Read the passage carefully and find the sentence that describes the
actions.
While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with the
whale hunter Ned Land， fall into the sea， and discover that the
“creature” is actually a submarine.
While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with the
whale hunter Ned Land， fall into the sea， and discover that the
“creature” is actually a submarine.
第四步：拓思维品质提升
1. What do you think will happen next in the story？
I think there are some accidents they will meet， describing some hard
conditions.
2. If there is a chance， would you like to dive？ Why？
Yes， because I would like to appreciate the beautiful views
underwater.
I think there are some accidents they will meet， describing some hard
conditions.
Yes， because I would like to appreciate the beautiful views
underwater.
第五步：析难句表达升级
1. While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with the
whale hunter Ned Land， fall into the sea， and discover that the
“creature” is actually a submarine.
句式分析 While attacking from the ship为时间状语从句的 　省
略　， While后省略了 　they were　；discover that ...中的that引
导 　宾语　从句。
自主翻译 　他们从船上对这只生物展开攻击，结果阿龙纳斯、康
塞尔和捕鲸猎人内德·兰德都坠入海中，并且发现所谓的“生物”
其实是一艘潜水艇。　
省
略　
they were　
宾语　
他们从船上对这只生物展开攻击，结果阿龙纳斯、康
塞尔和捕鲸猎人内德·兰德都坠入海中，并且发现所谓的“生物”
其实是一艘潜水艇。　
2. I no longer felt the weight of my clothes， or of my shoes， of my air
supply， or my thick helmet， inside which my head shook like a nut
in its shell.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。inside which my head shook like a nut
in its shell为“介词＋关系代词”引导的 　非限制性定语　从句。
自主翻译 　我已经感觉不到衣服、鞋子、氧气罐和厚重头盔的重
量。我的头在头盔中摇来晃去，就像果仁在壳里滚动一般。　
非限制性定语　
我已经感觉不到衣服、鞋子、氧气罐和厚重头盔的重
量。我的头在头盔中摇来晃去，就像果仁在壳里滚动一般。　
3. This dazzling carpet， really a reflector， drove away the rays of the
sun with wonderful intensity， which accounted for the vibration which
passed through every atom of liquid.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。which accounted for the vibration为
which引导的 　非限制性定语　从句；which passed through every
atom of liquid为which引导的 　限制性定语　从句，修饰先行
词 　vibration　。
自主翻译 　这块令人目眩的地毯简直是一个反射器，强有力地把
阳光反射回去，光线所经之处的每个水分子都因此而振动。　
非限制性定语　
限制性定语　
vibration　
这块令人目眩的地毯简直是一个反射器，强有力地把
阳光反射回去，光线所经之处的每个水分子都因此而振动。　
4. Shall I be believed when I say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I
could see as if I was in broad daylight？
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。when I say that， at the depth of thirty
feet， I could see as if I was in broad daylight为when引导的 　时间状
语　从句；that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see as if I was in
broad daylight为that引导的 　宾语　从句；as if I was in broad
daylight为as if引导的 　方式状语　从句。
自主翻译 　如果说在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日
光下一样看得清清楚楚，会有人相信吗？　
时间状
语　
宾语　
方式状语　
如果说在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日
光下一样看得清清楚楚，会有人相信吗？　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
charge n.主管，负责；费用 v.收费，要价；控告
【教材原句】　They are captured and taken inside the submarine，
where they meet the man in charge， Captain Nemo.他们一行人被抓了
起来并被带到潜水艇内，在那里他们遇见了负责人——尼摩船长。
【用法】
（1）free of charge　　　　免费
in charge （of）　　负责，主管
in the charge （of）　　（由……）负责/主管
take charge of　　负责，主管
（2）charge sb for sth　　因某事/物收某人的费用
charge sb with sth　　控告某人某事
【佳句】　They did the experiment in the lab which was in the charge of
Mr White.
＝They did the experiment in the lab which Mr White took charge of.
＝They did the experiment in the lab which Mr White was in charge of.
他们在怀特老师负责的实验室里做了实验。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①During the period of two weeks， we held a series of activities，some
of which were in 　the　 charge of students from the English department.
②The car was bought six months ago and still under guarantee， so I got
it repaired free 　of　 charge.
the　
of　
【写美】　补全句子
③The man who had 　taken charge of　 the company 　was charged
with　 bribe-taking， because he accepted a large amount of money from
a department manager 　in charge of　 the manufacturing.
掌管公司的那个人被指控受贿，因为他从负责生产的部门经理那里收
了一大笔钱。
taken charge of　
was charged
with　
in charge of　
ahead of在……之前；早于；领先
【教材原句】　Ahead of its time， the submarine is also a secret from
the rest of the world.
这艘潜水艇是一个超越时代的发明，并且一直是一个不为人知的
秘密。
go ahead　　先走；进行；说吧；做吧；进行吧
go ahead with　　开始做；着手干
get ahead （of sb）　　走在（某人的）前面；领先；胜过（某人）
ahead of time/schedule　　提前
【用法】
【佳句】　Thanks to your help， we accomplished the task ahead of
schedule.
多亏你们帮忙，我们才提前完成了任务。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Only if our horse can get ahead 　of　 the leading runner， it can win
the race！
②My thanks should go to those inspiring me to go 　ahead　 and giving
me support as well.
of　
ahead　
【写美】　补全句子
③If everyone puts in a bit more effort， the task will be finished 　ahead
of time/schedule　.
如果每人多出把力，任务就可以提前完成。
ahead
of time/schedule　
permit v.允许，准许，许可
【教材原句】　In order to keep this secret， Captain Nemo tells his
three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the
submarine.为了保守这个秘密，尼摩船长告诫他的三位新乘客永远都
不能离开这里。
（1）permit sb to do sth　 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth　　允许做某事
time/weather permitting＝if time/weather permits　　如果时间/天气允
许的话
（2）permission n.　　许可，允许
ask sb’s permission　　请求许可
without permission　　未经许可，擅自
with one’s permission　　经某人允许
【用法】
【佳句】　No one is permitted to take photos of the exhibits on show in
the museum without permission.
未经允许，禁止任何人对博物馆里正在展出的展品拍照。（通知）
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Weather 　permitting　 （permit）， the competition to be held in our
school stadium will begin at 2 pm and last for roughly 3 hours.
②We don’t permit 　playing　 （play） basketball on the playground
now.
permitting　
playing　
③I was very happy and excited to go there but I needed to ask my
parents’ 　permission　 （permit）.
【写美】　补全句子
④Much to my disappointment， the security guards didn’t 　permit me
to bring　 a camera.
令我大为失望的是，保安人员不允许我带相机。（情感描写）
permission　
permit me
to bring　
relate v.相联系，有关联；讲述
【教材原句】　And now， how can I look back upon the impression left
upon me by that walk under the waters？ Words are not enough to relate
such wonders！
现在，我该如何追述水下漫步给我留下的印象呢？那种奇遇是语言无
法描述的！
（1）relate to ...　与……有关；谈到……
relate ...to ...　　把……与……联系起来
relate sth to sb　　向某人讲述某事
（2）related adj.　　相关的，有关系的
be related to ...　　与……有关
（3）relation n.　　联系，关联；亲属
in relation to　　有关，涉及
the relation between ...and ...　　……和……之间的联系
【用法】
【佳句】　He later related the whole story to me， which made me very
happy.
后来他给我讲了整件事的来龙去脉，这使我很高兴。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①At the present time， some people still relate embarrassment 　to　
seeing a psychologist.
②It is interesting to talk about something in 　relation　 （relate） to
history in public.
to　
relation　
③According to a recent survey， many smokers die all too soon from
illness and diseases related 　to　 smoking.
【写美】　补全句子
④The second paragraph of the text 　relates to the situation　 in
Scotland.
文章第二段谈到苏格兰的形势。
to　
relates to the situation　
astonish v.使吃惊，使惊讶
【教材原句】　The light， which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface
of the ocean， astonished me by its power.
光线照亮了海面以下30英尺的土地，这股力量使我震惊。
【用法】
（1）It astonishes sb that ... 令某人惊讶的是……
（2）astonishing adj.　　令人惊讶的
astonished adj.　　感到惊讶的
be astonished at/by sth　　因/对某事感到惊讶
be astonished to do sth　　对做某事感到惊讶
（3）astonishment n.　　惊讶
to one’s astonishment　　使某人惊讶的是
in astonishment　　吃惊地
【佳句】　The moment I opened the box， my eyes widened in
astonishment.
我一打开盒子就吃惊地睁大了双眼。（情感描写）
【练透】　单句语法填空
① 　Astonished　 （astonish）， Peter sat on the square， with tears in
his eyes.
②He was astonished 　to learn　 （learn） he had won the competition.
③You may find it 　astonishing　 （astonish） that Charlie was taught to
sing as soon as he could speak and to dance as soon as he could walk.
Astonished　
to learn　
astonishing　
【写美】　句型转换
④To my astonishment， she didn’t care about my feelings.
→ 　It astonished me that　 she didn’t care about my feelings.（it作形
式主语）
It astonished me that　
distinguish v.看清；认出；区分
【教材原句】　...and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a
hundred and fifty yards.
……我能清晰地辨认出150码以内的物体。
【用法】
（1）distinguish between A and B　区分A和B
distinguish ...from ...　　把……与……区分开来
distinguish oneself （as ...）（作为……）表现突出；使自己与众不
同；使自己成名
（2）distinguished adj. 　　卓越的；著名的；杰出的
be distinguished for ...　　因……而出名
be distinguished as ...　　作为……而出名
【佳句】　Distinguished for its attractive scenery， Hangzhou sees
large numbers of tourists every year.
杭州以其迷人的风景而闻名遐迩，每年都有大量的游客。（推荐信）
【练透】　单句语法填空
①As far as we all know， Lang Ping has already
distinguished 　herself　 （she） as a great volleyball coach in the
world.
②The twins were so much alike that it was impossible to distinguish
one 　from　 the other.
herself　
from　
【写美】　补全句子
③Paper-cutting 　is distinguished as　 a traditional art form， which has
a history of more than 1，500 years in China.
剪纸作为一种传统的艺术形式而出名，在中国有着1，500多年的历
史。（传统文化）
is distinguished as　
surround v.环绕，围绕
【教材原句】　Truly this water which surrounded me was but another
air heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere，but almost as clear.
真的，环绕在我四周的水仿佛不过是一种气体，比地球的大气更稠
密，却几乎一样透明。
（1）surround sb/sth with sb/sth 使某人/某物被某人/某物包围
be surrounded by/with　被围绕着；周围是……
（2）surrounding adj.　　周围的
surroundings n.　　环境（多用复数）
【用法】
【佳句】　And don’t forget： we are surrounded by a natural
playground just perfect for walking， climbing and cycling.
别忘了：我们周围有一个天然的游乐场，非常适合散步、攀岩和骑自
行车。
【点津】　surroundings常用复数形式，表示周围具体的物质环境。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①In a word， you are welcome to our school and I hope you can adapt to
the new 　surroundings　 （surround） soon.
②It is wise to surround yourself 　with　 people who have a high level of
self-discipline.
surroundings　
with　
【写美】　补全句子
③The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp， which 　was
surrounded by　 a high wire fence.
这只饥饿的熊一路嗅着来到了我们的营地，营地周围有高高的铁丝
网。（环境描写）
was
surrounded by　
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：独立主格结构
【教材原句】　Captain Nemo walked in front， one of his men
following some steps behind.
尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个随从紧随其后。
（1）句中的one of his men following some steps behind是独立主格结
构。
（2）独立主格结构相当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、
条件、方式、伴随状况等。独立主格结构由“名词/代词＋介词短语/
副词/形容词（短语）/名词/非谓语动词等”构成，其中前面的名词
或代词在意义上为后面结构的逻辑主语。
【用法】
【品悟】　He was astonished to see the embarrassing scene， his mouth
half open.
看到这尴尬的场面，他大吃一惊，嘴巴半张着。
【写美】　微写作/句型转换
①早餐过后，一些探险家和他们的船长出发去探索这座神秘的岛屿。
　Breakfast over　，some explorers，along with their captain， set out
to explore the mysterious island.
Breakfast over　
②After all the e-mails had been answered， the girl turned off the
computer.
→ 　All the e-mails answered　， the girl turned off the computer.（独
立主格结构）
→ 　With all the e-mails answered　， the girl turned off the computer.
（with复合结构）
All the e-mails answered　
With all the e-mails answered　
句型公式：介词词组置于句首引起的完全倒装
【教材原句】　Above me was the calm surface of the sea.
在我之上是平静的海面。
【用法】
（1）表示地点的介词词组置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全
倒装。
（2）out， in， down， up， away， here， there， now， then，
next等表示方位和时间的副词置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完
全倒装。
（3）在上述两种情况中，若主语是代词，则不用倒装。
（4）作表语的形容词、分词短语提到系动词前面时，句子也构成完
全倒装。
（5）代词such置于句首，且在句中作表语时，句子用完全倒装。
【品悟】　Lying on the bed was my labmate， weak and worried.
我的课题搭档躺在床上，又虚弱又忧心忡忡。
【写美】　微写作
①从山谷中传来美妙的歌声。
From the valley 　came the beautiful song　.
②窗边坐着一位老人，手里拿着一本杂志。
By the window 　sat an old man　 with a magazine in his hand.
③这就是我们充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎来参观。
　Such is our lively city　， which you are welcome to visit whenever at
your convenience.
④被选为领袖的她很幸运。
　Lucky is she　 who was chosen to be a leader.
came the beautiful song　
sat an old man　
Such is our lively city　
Lucky is she　
句型公式：as if引导方式状语从句
【教材原句】　Shall I be believed when I say that， at the depth of thirty
feet， I could see as if I was in broad daylight？
如果说在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日光下一样看得清
清楚楚，会有人相信吗？
【用法】
【品悟】　When you walk into the gallery， you feel as if you were
inside a fragile， white seashell.
当你走进画廊时，你感觉就像在一个精细洁白的贝壳里面。
【写美】　微写作/一句多译
①杰克什么也没说，但老师对他微笑，好像他做了一件非常聪明
的事。
Jack didn’t say anything， but the teacher smiled at him as if he 　had
done something very clever　.
②我记得整件事就像昨天发生的一样。
I remember the whole thing as if 　it happened yesterday　.
had
done something very clever　
it happened yesterday　
③当我看见那个男孩时，他站在那儿，低着头，好像刚刚被老师
批评了。
→When I saw the boy， he stood there with his head bent 　as if he was
criticised by the teacher　 just now.
→When I saw the boy， he stood there with his head bent 　as if criticised
by the teacher　 just now.
as if he was
criticised by the teacher　
as if criticised
by the teacher　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. The 　captain　 （船长） ordered the crew members to get the
training done by two o’clock.
2. Writing out all the invitations by hand 　consumed　 （消耗） more
time than we had expected.
3. Employees in the company are 　permitted　 （允许） to use the
mobile phone during their free hours.
captain　
consumed　
permitted　
4. A number of other theories will be discussed in the following 　chapter
（s）　 （章节）； if you are interested， just keep reading.
5. The teacher， who has taught for over 30 years， is in 　charge　
（负责） of the school work now.
6. There is something about music that distinguishes　 it from all other art
forms.
7. He was standing on the tower looking at the lake beneath　.
8. One-third of the town is covered with trees and the majority of the
residents　 are black people.
chapter
（s）　
charge　
istinguishes　
eneath　
esidents　
维度二：词形转换
1. The girl used to be shy， but now she is 　gradually　 （gradual）
getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
2. Fully absorbed in the 　fascinating　 （fascinate） novel， he didn’t
notice evening approaching.
3. People were 　astonished　 （astonish） to learn the news that the
famous musician Zhao Yingjun had passed away.
4. You should have a goal 　related　 （relate） to your study at the
beginning of a year.
gradually　
fascinating　
astonished　
related　
5. You also need to judge the quality and 　depth　 （deep） of your
motivation. This is quite important， because it is directly related to
your commitment.
6. Your dad will go wild if he knows you drive his car
without 　permission　 （permit）.
depth　
permission　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. I heard that he got injured in the accident， 　my heart full of worry　
（我内心充满了担忧）.
2. People talked about it vividly， 　as if they had all experienced it　
（好像他们都经历过一样） themselves.
3. 　Under the tree sat/sits　 （坐在树下） a lovely girl aged about
seventeen or eighteen.
4. To our shock， the car was stolen 　in broad daylight　 （在大白
天）.
5. We set off in the early morning and arrived there 　ahead of
time/schedule　 （提前）.
my heart full of worry　
as if they had all experienced it　
Under the tree sat/sits　
in broad daylight　
ahead of
time/schedule　
维度四：课文语法填空
　　I 1. 　took　 （take） a walk under the waters of the sea many years
ago.I will never forget the impression 2. 　left　 （leave） on me.I find
words are not enough to relate the great wonders！ Captain Nemo walked
in front， one of his men 3. 　following　 （follow） some steps
behind.Conseil and I 4. 　were kept　 （keep） in metal cases but we
remained near each other.Inside the metal cases， I didn’t feel the
weight of anything around me， including my shoes， my air supply and
my helmet， inside 5. 　which　 my head shook like a nut in its shell.
took　
left　
following　
were kept　
which　
　　The light went through thirty feet of water and lit the soil below the
surface of the ocean.The sunlight was so 6. 　powerful　 （power） that
it consumed all colour.As 7. 　a　 result， I was able to see different
objects 8. 　at　 a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.Beyond the
sunlight， the colours became fine shades of deep blue and
9. 　gradually　 （gradual） disappeared.We were walking on the sand
as if we were walking on a flat shore.When I tell you this story about my
walk at the 10. 　depth　 （deep） of thirty feet， I don’t expect you to
believe me.
powerful　
a　
at　
gradually　
depth　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Climbers targeting peaks above 5，000 meters in the Xizang
autonomous region， including the north side of Qomolangma， now
have to apply for a permit， according to a rule issued by Chinese sports
authorities.
　　To make climbing safer， or at least less deadly， the General
Administration of Sport and the sports bureau of Xizang released a
notification （通知） requiring climbers to send an application to the
bureau at least a month in advance of their planned climb.It said climbing
without permits will be strictly forbidden.
　　“In recent years， cases of injuries， missing people and deaths
have been witnessed as a result of illegal climbing，” the notification
said.“Climbing is a highly professional sport with high risk.Most illegal
climbers lack professional skills， facilities and tour guides.Such
activities will interfere with orderly climbing and bring risks， not only to
the climbers themselves but also rescuers.They will also lead to a loss of
personal or national property.”
　　Applications will need to detail each individual climber’s personal
information， proposed climbing routes and related plans.Climbers are
also being asked to obey related rules to protect mountain
environments.The notification also urged regional government
departments to strengthen safety checks and the prohibition of illegal
climbing， encourage residents to join regular patrols near major climbing
routes and promote public education on climbing safety.
　　In a previous interview with China Daily， Kul Bahadur Gurung，
general secretary of the Nepal Mountaineering Association， said difficult
weather conditions， lack of experience and support personnel， and the
commercialization （商业化） of expeditions were the main reasons for
the high death toll on the world’s highest peak.“Since the number of
people reaching the summit of Everest is increasing， everyone thinks it is
easier to climb and everyone can climb， which is a totally false idea，”
he said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国体育部门为阻止
非法攀登，要求攀登西藏自治区5，000米以上山峰的登山者必须申
请许可证。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国体育部门为阻止
非法攀登，要求攀登西藏自治区5，000米以上山峰的登山者必须申
请许可证。
1. Why is a permit needed for Qomolangma climbers？（　　）
A. To stop illegal climbing.
B. To provide training ahead.
C. To limit the number of climbers.
D. To collect climbers’ information.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段内容和第三段第一句可知，非
法攀登造成了很多安全问题，珠穆朗玛峰登山者需要许可证是为了
禁止非法攀登，确保安全。
2. Which word can best replace the underlined words “interfere with” in
Paragraph 3？（　　）
A. test B. change
C. replace D. disturb
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句前一句和后一句可知，
非法登山者缺乏登山必备的条件，会造成很多损失。由此推知，非
法登山的活动干扰正常有序的登山，带来很多风险。interfere with
意为“干扰”，与disturb意思一致。
3. What does Paragraph 4 focus on about the notification？（　　）
A. Its content. B. Its purpose.
C. Its background. D. Its impact.
解析： 　段落大意题。通读第四段内容可知，本段介绍了该通知
的具体内容，包括申请表填写的要求、对登山者的要求、对地方政
府部门的要求等。
4. What does Kul Bahadur Gurung think of the Everest climbing？（　　）
A. It’s a totally false idea.
B. It should be eco-friendly.
C. It’s highly professional.
D. It should be non-profitable.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段末Kul Bahadur Gurung所说
的话可知，他认为攀登珠峰顶峰很容易的想法是错误的。由此推
知，他认为珠峰攀登是一项极其专业的活动。
B
　　Scrolling through Instagram can quickly convince you that
everyone’s life is more interesting than yours.During a particularly
adventurous week on Instagram Stories recently， I saw water skiing in
Maui， hiking in Yosemite and swimming with wild pigs in Bermuda.I
started googling flights to new places.Then I ordered pho， Vietnam’s
national dish， from the same Vietnamese place I eat every week and
returned to the same old routine and I felt bad about not trying somewhere
new.
　　Evolutionarily， human brains tend to find newfangled experiences
more exciting and attention-grabbing than repeated experiences.They
can’t process all the thrills around us， so we evolve to pay attention to
new， flashy and potentially dangerous things more intently than familiar
things， which we’ve seen enough to know they’re not
dangerous.What’s more， words like “repetition” and
“repetitiveness” tend to be associated with more negative emotions.
　　However， recent research published in the Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology suggests we should reconsider how we digest those
feelings of monotony （单调）.Some previous research has painted a
negative picture of repeated experiences， saying that doing the same
thing twice can feel less valuable.But Ed O’Brien， a professor of
behavioral science， wondered whether people actually underestimate how
positively they react to repeated experiences.
　　To test this theory， Mr O’Brien and his team exposed all
participants to the same stimulus （刺激） （various stimuli were
tested， including museum visits， movies and video games）.Next，
after dividing them into two groups， the first group of participants were
asked to imagine repeating the experience， while the second actually did
repeat the experience.Counter to previous research， Mr O’Brien found
that across the board， repeated experiences were far more enjoyable than
participants expected.In other words： You’re far more likely to enjoy
something the second time around than you think.
　　“Brand new experiences are definitely great for enjoyment，” said
Mr O’Brien.“And our studies don’t go against this idea.In many
cases， the brand new option is better.But， what our studies emphasize
is that repeated options might also have high hedonic （享乐的） value
and might also come with lower costs than a purely new option.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了很多人都喜欢冒
险，追求新鲜感，但是研究却发现重复也能给我们带来快乐。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了很多人都喜欢冒
险，追求新鲜感，但是研究却发现重复也能给我们带来快乐。
5. What did the author think of her own life？（　　）
A. It included many exciting things.
B. It depended heavily on social media.
C. It was highly adventurous.
D. It was boringly repetitive.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者觉得自己
的生活毫无新意，没有创新。
6. How do our brains usually respond to stimuli from familiar things？
（　　）
A. They may pay little attention to them.
B. They may process them first.
C. They may feel uncertain of them.
D. They may consider them as positive things.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Evolutionarily， human
brains tend to find 　newfangled　 experiences more exciting ... than
familiar things可推断，我们的大脑使我们不太注意熟悉的刺激物。
7. What is the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 2？（　　）
A. Fictional. B. Fascinating.
C. Novel. D. Significant.
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据画线词后句可知，人类的大脑往往会
关注新奇的事物。所以newfangled意为“新奇的”。
8. What did the second group of participants do during the experiment？
（　　）
A. They experienced the same stimuli twice.
B. They imagined their old experiences twice.
C. They repeated similar activities many times.
D. They predicted the first group’s experiences.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第四段中的Next， after dividing them
into two groups， the first group of participants were asked to imagine
repeating the experience， while the second actually did repeat the
experience.可知，第二组参与者重复了先前的体验。
C
　　This past January， Captain Preet Chandi set foot on a historic，
though decidedly icy trail by becoming the first woman to reach the South
Pole alone， without assistance.While others might have been content to
make history with this singular accomplishment， “Polar Preet” Chandi
is not one to rest on her achievements.The journey to the South Pole was
merely “phase one” of a larger and even more extraordinary goal for the
adventurous British Army officer.
　　“For the phase two”， the 33-year-old has set her sights on
crossing Antarctica — once again doing the journey alone and unsupported
to become the first woman to achieve this goal.
　　On 14 November 2023， Chandi departed from Hercules Inlet， an
ice-filled bay at the southwestern section of the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf
bordering the Weddell Sea in Antarctica.Her goal is to reach Reedy
Glacier within 75 days， a coast-to-coast journey consisting of roughly
1，100 miles.And “roughly” is the key word here — she’ll be pulling
a sled （雪橇） with equipment， weighing about 264 pounds
altogether， and she’ll be doing so in temperatures that can sink to minus
58 degrees Fahrenheit， with wind speeds of up to 60 miles per hour.
　　Her journey thus far required years of training.Prior to her 700-mile
South Pole journey， she prepared by attending a polar survival course in
Norway.She continued her training back home in the UK by dragging
tires， the closest thing to pulling a sled， and a month-long practice run
in Greenland.Ultimately， Chandi went on to finish her first South Pole
expedition in 40 days， a full eight days ahead of schedule.
　　When not otherwise setting records of human endurance in extreme
conditions， Chandi tries to inspire others in her day-to-day work.
　　Chandi will be posting interval （间隔） voice blog updates of her
phase two progress on her website， polar ， where a live
tracking map will also provide her current location at every point along her
journey.
　　“Nothing is impossible.I’ve always had this idea that I can achieve
something great， something that allows me to be a role model，”
Chandi shared on her blog.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了第一位独自到达南
极点的女性普里特·昌迪开始进行穿越南极洲的激励人的探险故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了第一位独自到达南
极点的女性普里特·昌迪开始进行穿越南极洲的激励人的探险故事。
9. Why does Chandi want to cross Antarctica？（　　）
A. To stick to a promise.
B. To take further challenges.
C. To raise money for poor women.
D. To realize her childhood dream.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的without
assistance以及第二段中的doing the journey alone and
unsupported可知，Preet Chandi是一个爱冒险的人，她穿越南
极洲是为了尝试有挑战性的事情。
10. Why did the author emphasize the word “roughly” in Paragraph 3？
（　　）
A. To hide the author’s bad memory of numbers.
B. To indicate there are more challenges facing Chandi.
C. To explain there is no proper word to describe the journey.
D. To show there is no official figure about the distance to Antarctica.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可推知，作者强调
“大约”是1，100英里，因为除了这个路程外，Chandi还面临着
沉重的设备、极度的低温以及大风等带来的困难。
11. What can we infer from Paragraph 4？（　　）
A. Survival training is a hard process.
B. Chandi got trained by pulling sleds.
C. The journey to South Pole was eventful.
D. Chandi made full preparations for her adventure.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，她为这次探险
做了充分的准备工作。
12. Which words can best describe Chandi？（　　）
A. Inspiring and friendly.
B. Active and creative.
C. Confident and determined.
D. Adventurous and modest.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，Preet Chandi克服
困难，独自一人成功抵达南极点，这说明她有着坚定的意志；再
结合最后一段可推知，她是一位意志坚定且自信的女性。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Rainforests cover six percent of the Earth’s surface. There are
rainforests in many parts of the world， but the biggest forests are in South
America， Africa and South East Asia.There aren’t any rainforests in
Europe or North America.
　　About 75％ of all the types of animals come from rainforests.13.
（　　） There are many beautiful birds， insects and reptiles.Many of
them live in the trees， over 30 meters from the ground.There are also
thousands of different plants — and lots of them are tall trees！ It is
always hot in a rainforest and the ground is always wet.14.（　　）
　　The rainforests are very important for us.We need them！ The trees
and other plants in the forest help to make the air that we breathe.15.
（　　） They give us wood， rubber， fruits and many of our
medicines.
　　16. （　　） For example， many years ago there was a large
rainforest in Java.There were thousands of different plants and animals in
the forest， but now there is nothing.People cut down the trees because
they wanted to grow rice.They also wanted to grow rubber trees to make
rubber.Many animals lived in the rainforest.Some of them went to other
parts of Java， but many of them disappeared — forever.17.（　　）
The rainforests are in danger！
A. It is also very dark there.
B. They also help to control the weather.
C. They cut down the forest to make roads.
D. Many forest people try to save their forests.
E. Thousands and thousands of animals live in rainforests.
F. Unfortunately， in many places， the rainforests are in danger.
G. The same thing is happening now in many other parts of the world.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了热带雨林的分布、
动植物资源、环境条件以及面临的危险。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了热带雨林的分布、
动植物资源、环境条件以及面临的危险。
13. E　上文讲述了热带雨林的动物种类大约占75％，下文讲述了热
带雨林里有许多鸟类、昆虫和爬行动物。由此可知，空处应与热带雨
林的动物有关，E项（成千上万的动物生活在热带雨林中）承上启
下，符合语境。
14. A　上文讲述了雨林的环境条件：雨林里总是很热，地面总是潮
湿的。A项（那里也很黑）进一步补充上文，符合语境。
15. B　上文讲述了我们需要雨林，森林中的植物制造我们呼吸的空
气。B项（它们也有助于控制天气）承接上文，符合语境。
16. F　下文列举了爪哇岛热带雨林消失的例子。F项（不幸的
是，在许多地方，热带雨林正处于危险之中）与下文构成例证关
系，符合语境。
17. G　根据上下文可知，爪哇岛的热带雨林被破坏，导致动植物消
失，所以空处应是说许多其他地方的热带雨林也在遭遇同样的困境，
所以很多热带雨林处于危险之中。G项（同样的事情现在正在世界许
多其他地方发生）符合语境。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　上周末你校组织了一次爬山活动，请把这次经历记录下来。内容
包括：
　　1. 出发的时间和乘坐的交通工具；
　　2. 爬山途中令你印象深刻的事情。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
　　Last weekend， I went to climb the mountain with my classmates.We
set off in the early morning by bus and arrived at the destination at 8
o’clock.I was fascinated by the beautiful scenery along the road， which
left a deep impression on me.We made an attempt to find the shortest way
in order to climb to the top of the mountain as soon as possible.After
failing many times， we finally found a road that was surrounded by many
trees.Along the way， we encountered a snake， which crawled away
immediately it saw us.Fortunately， no one was injured.Finally， we
climbed to the top of the mountain successfully.
谢谢观看！

展开更多......

收起↑