资源简介

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
维度一：品句填词
1.We went from London to Washington 　　　　　（经过） New York.
2.Of all the 　　　　　　（申请者）， only a few will be chosen to take the test.
3.The man’s 　　　　　　（腰部） was injured， so he couldn’t sit here for long.
4.They are not made of 　　　　　　（真的） leather， which give off bad smell.
5.I am calling about the apartment you 　　　　　　（做广告） the other day.Could you tell me more about it？
6.The price of the house was not 　　　　　　（可协商的）， so we had to search for another one.
7.The conference featured speakers from a diversity of industries， providing 　　　　　　（独特的） perspectives.
8.Unlike traditional gyms， app-backed gyms offer people f　　　　　　 options to exercise.
9.The job is very tiring，but its s　　　　　　 is very satisfying.
10.They argue persuasively in f　　　　　　 of a total ban on smoking in the office.
维度二：词形转换
1.Huawei mobile phone is easy to operate， which can run several 　　　　　　（apply） at the same time.
2.Where was it that you saw the 　　　　　　（advertise） for a new teacher？
3.Wilson has had countless pleasant and often humorous 　　　　　　（negotiate） with the students he transported to and from school.
4.As an applicant， you will be asked what your highest education 　　　　　　（qualify） is.
5.In order to enhance market competitiveness， we welcome any comments from consumers， 　　　　（favour） or otherwise.
6.Which you choose is really just a matter of personal 　　　　　　（prefer）.
7.The 　　　　　　（operate） of Germany’s largest consumer electronic chains has increased its earnings in the past two years.
8.　　　　　　 （conservation） are fighting to save the buildings dating back to 1238.
9.The naughty boy seems 　　　　　　（genuine） sorry for what he did.
10.There are three 　　　　　　（candidate） standing on the stage.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1.The operator is very much 　　　　　　　　（赞成） workers’ proposal on the conference.
2.Now some world heritage sites are 　　　　　　　　　（受到威胁） from pollution caused by human activities.
3.In considering people for jobs， we 　　　　　　　　　（给……以优先） those who have relative experience.
4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （汤姆是否能赢得电脑比赛） remains a secret till next Monday.
5.These words are 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（目的不是伤害你，而是鼓励你）.
6.Don’t disturb him now， who must 　　　　　　　　　（查明） the truth of this incident.
7.The headteacher told us that we would go to the grassland by taking his car 　　　　　　　　（如果必要的话）.
8.The boy 　　　　　　　　（编造） a story that his waist was bitten by a snake， which made us frightened.
9.It is certain that one day in the future you will 　　　　　　　　　　（意识到） all your mistakes.
10.Although our “act” would last only for a short time， we could see quite 　　　　　　　　　（一些，许多） interesting things.
维度四：课文语法填空
　　The job requires you to spend six months 1.　　　　　　 （live） on an island and looking after the Great Barrier Reef.The working hours are flexible and 2.　　　　　　 （accommodate） is provided.Key duties include exploring the islands of the reef and 3.　　　　　　 （find） out what the area has to offer.You’ll need to report back 4.　　　　　　 weekly blogs， photo diaries and video updates， and you’ll be asked to promote the islands through newspapers， magazines and TV interviews.
　　The Great Barrier Reef is the 5.　　　　　　 （large） living thing on the planet， 6.　　　　　　 （locate） off the coast of North-east Australia.It is host to many species of birds and sea creatures.But it’s now 7.　　　　　　 threat from pollution and climate change.
　　Thousands of applicants applied for the job.8.　　　　　　 （eventual）， the job was offered to Ben Southall from the UK.He did a lot during his time as an island caretaker 9.　　　　　　 favour of its defence.
　　Whether it was a genuine job offer or an eye-catching marketing event isn’t really important.The most important thing was 10.　　　　　　 people all over the world became aware of the beauty of the ocean in the area.What’s more， they came to understand the delicate balance that the environment exists in and what can， and must， be done to protect the reef.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　New discoveries and technological breakthroughs are made every year.Yet， as the information industry moves forward， many people in society are looking back to their roots in terms of the way they eat.A “locavore” movement has emerged in the United States.The movement supports eating foods grown locally and sustainably， rather than pre-packaged foods shipped from other parts of the world.
　　Experts hold that eating local has many merits， and is expected to become a trend featuring sustainability.Erin Barnett is the director of Local Harvest， a company that aims to help connect people to farms in their area.By eating local， she argues， people have a better and more personal understanding of the impact their food consumption has on the rest of the world.“There is a way of connecting the point， where eating locally is an act that raises our awareness of sustainable living，” Barnett says.
　　The United States’ agricultural output is one of the highest in the world， says Timothy Beach， a professor of geography and geoscience at the University of Texas in Austin， Texas.“There’s just no other place on Earth where the amount of input is so productive，” Beach says of American agriculture.“Nobody can cut off the food we need.”
　　“However， the US food system is not sustainable because of its dependency on fossil （化石） fuels”， says Beach.“Equipment used on extremely productive farms is quickly consuming Earth’s natural resources， particularly oil.”Additionally， the production of agricultural supplements （补充剂），such as fertilizer， uses large amounts of energy.
　　“The world has used close to half of the global oil supply，” Beach says， and the second half will be consumed at an even faster rate because of the growing population and economic development.Although many businesses are experimenting with wind， solar and biofuel， Beach says there’s nothing that we see on the horizon that can replace it.“There is no way on Earth we are using fossil fuels sustainably.Then we have to reconsider the impact of eating local，” he says.
1.What is the special focus of the “locavore” movement？
A.The development of information society.
B.The emergence of new discoveries.
C.The localization and sustainability of food.
D.The globalization of eating styles.
2.What is Erin Barnett’s opinion？
A.Agricultural companies have the responsibility to help farmers.
B.Raising the awareness of sustainability is an urgent issue currently.
C.Eating locally can quickly increase the growth of the local economy.
D.The diversity of things can greatly enrich the lives of local people.
3.What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4？
A.The agricultural weaknesses of the US.
B.The benefits of fossil fuels.
C.The most productive equipment on farms.
D.The consumption of local food.
4.What is the challenge facing the world now？
A.The population is growing too fast.
B.Global economy develops rapidly.
C.Eating locally can’t be accepted.
D.No suitable energy can replace oil.
B
　　Washing behind the ears of a gentle Asian elephant at a conservation area outside of Kandy， Sri Lanka， I should have realized this wasn’t normal behaviour for a wild animal to allow me so close.I was also told the experience was cruelty-free and the money I had paid went towards conservation of the species.
　　But observing the mahout （驯象人） hit the poor creature with a stick and then chain it up after our wash in the river， I realized its life wasn’t quite as delightful as it had been made out to me.
　　Elephant-washing tourist attractions in Thailand have tripled in five years — despite conservationists saying the animals suffer in miserable conditions and go through a cruel training process to make them “safe” to handle.World Animal Protection （WAP） reviewed 357 venues holding more than 3，800 elephants across Thailand， India， Laos， Cambodia， Nepal， Sri Lanka and Malaysia.It found 2，390 elephants suffering in terrible conditions at 208 venues， with just 279 kept in high-welfare venues.
　　Conservationist Jane Goodall said，“Many of these elephants have been caught as youngsters from the wild， and others are raised in captivity （监禁）， but all are separated from the love of their families.And then comes a cruel period when they are beaten into fear and submission （顺从）.”
　　The report also said the number of tourist attractions offering chances to get close to the animals had tripled in the last five years.A recent survey from WAP found that over a third of people in Britain either didn’t know or thought elephant bathing or washing was acceptable.There were also three in ten who said they either didn’t know or thought elephant riding was acceptable and 12％ who said the same for elephants performing in shows.
5.What did the author learn from her experience？
A.Elephants were gentle animals.
B.Elephants lived in terrible conditions.
C.Elephants and humans could get on well.
D.The mahout made money from tourists.
6.How did a mahout train an elephant？
A.He beat the animal until it followed his orders.
B.He raised the animal when it was very young.
C.He allowed tourists to get close to the animal.
D.He chained the animal up in the river to punish it.
7.What can we infer from the survey conducted by WAP？
A.Curiosity brought tourists close to the elephants.
B.Elephants have brought joy and happiness to the tourists worldwide.
C.Tourists like gentle elephants and are willing to ride on them.
D.It is time to raise people’s awareness of protecting wildlife.
8.What was the author’s attitude towards the elephants’ conditions？
A.Surprised. B.Disappointed.
C.Concerned. D.Embarrassed.
C
　　Wildlife conservation is the practice of protecting plant and animal species and their habitats.As part of the world’s ecosystems， wildlife provides balance and stability to nature’s processes.Wildlife conservation is aimed to ensure the survival of these species and educate people on living sustainably with other species.
　　The number of people has grown to more than eight billion today， and it continues to rapidly grow.The economic growth endangers the habitats and existence of various types of wildlife around the world， particularly animals and plants that may be displaced for land development， or used for food or other human purposes.This threat is at top of the list and means natural resources are being consumed faster than ever by the billions of people on the planet.The introduction of invasive species from other parts of the world is another threat to wildlife.Other threats include climate change， pollution， fishing and hunting.
　　International organizations like the World Wildlife Fund， Conservation International， Wildlife Conservation Society and the United Nations work to support global animal and habitat conservation on many different fronts.They work with the government to establish and protect public lands， like national parks and wildlife protection areas.They help write legislation （法规）， such as the Endangered Species Act （ESA） of 1973 in the United States， to protect various species.They work with law enforcement to charge those with wildlife crimes.They also promote biodiversity to support the growing human population while preserving existing species and habitats.
　　National Geographic Explorers， like conservation biologists Camille Coudrat and Titus Adhola， are working to slow the extinction of global species and protect global biodiversity and habitats.Environmental film-makers and photographers， like Thomas P.Peschak， are essential to conservation efforts as well， documenting and bringing attention to endangered wildlife all over the world.
9.Which is a goal of wildlife conservation according to the text？
A.To stop introducing invasive species.
B.To encourage harmonious coexistence.
C.To control the number of world people.
D.To increase the use of natural resources.
10.What is the biggest threat to wildlife？
A.Hunting. B.Human activity.
C.Pollution. D.Climate change.
11.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？
A.The activities of protection areas.
B.The importance of biodiversity promotion.
C.The relevant efforts of international organizations.
D.The great impact of wildlife crimes on ecosystems.
12.What does the author want to present in the last paragraph？
A.The necessity of legislation.
B.The wildlife conservation’s achievements.
C.The individuals’ contributions to the environment.
D.The statistics about the wildlife conservation efforts.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　As university doors opened in September for a new year， an estimated six million people across the world took to the streets in a historic week of climate action.For freshers starting a new chapter at university， deciding how to live your life is vital.　13　
　　What you put on your plate matters.Meat and dairy consumption results in excessive （过度的） land use， industrial emissions， water use and deforestation.　14　 Therefore， a meat-free diet has been recommended as the “single-biggest way” an individual can reduce their impact on the planet.
　　　15　 Keeping your clothes for as long as possible has more than just monetary value.In the UK， clothing has the fourth-largest environmental impact after housing， transport and food.So recycle your clothes or mend them.
　　Change your habits.　16　 There are simple ways you can change your habits to live sustainably.Wash your clothes at a lower temperature， and choose a bamboo toothbrush or more eco-friendly sanitary （卫生的） products.If you’re planning a weekend away with friends， try to travel by train or bus.
　　Individual actions matter， as they demonstrate commitment and provide an alternative to how we can live.But campaigning is important， too.　17　 If you don’t know where or how to start， see if there are any societies at your university.Students of the Fossil Free campaign， for example， have brought on huge changes by calling on their institutions to stop using fossil fuels.
A.Forget fast fashion.
B.Behave yourself in public.
C.While shopping， turn up with your own container.
D.University campus can be a perfect place for this.
E.Cutting out meat is an easy way to reduce your carbon footprint.
F.Here are some ideas about how you can be sustainable as a student.
G.For freshers， living alone means doing your own washing， cooking and cleaning.
13.　　　　　　14.　　　　　　15.　　　　
16.　　　 17.　　　
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　你校学生会需招聘一名留学生做英语学习顾问，请你以短文形式写一则招聘广告，内容包括：
　　1.母语是英语，且汉语流利者优先；
　　2.可以解答英语学习问题，协助组织英语活动；
　　3.每周工作四小时，报酬面议；
　　4.联系人：李华（Tel：13012345678）。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
参考词汇：顾问adviser
An English Study Adviser Wanted
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
The Students’ Union
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
基础知识自测
维度一
1.via　2.candidates　3.waist　4.genuine　5.advertised
6.negotiable　7.unique　8.flexible　9.salary　10.favour
维度二
1.applications　2.advertisement　3.negotiations
4.qualification　5.favourable　6.preference　7.operator
8.Conservationists　9.genuinely　10.candidates
维度三
1.in favor of
2.under threat
3.give preference to
4.Whether Tom will win the computer competition
5.not meant to hurt you but to encourage you
6.find out
7.if necessary
8.made up
9.become aware of
10.a number of
维度四
1.living　2.accommodation　3.finding　4.via　5.largest　6.located　7.under　8.Eventually　9.in　10.that
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着信息产业的发展，美国兴起了“土食者”运动，该运动支持食用在本土以可持续方式种植的食物，从而提高人们对可持续生活的意识。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，这场运动的重点是食品的本地化和可持续性。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的By eating local ...awareness of sustainable living可知，艾琳·巴奈特认为提高对可持续发展的认识是当前一个紧迫的问题。
3.A　段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，本段主要说明了美国农业的弱点。
4.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Although many businesses ...replace it.可知，现在世界面临的挑战是没有合适的能源可以取代石油。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。世界动物保护协会调查发现，在大部分地点中，大象生活在恶劣的环境中。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，作者意识到大象遭到虐打和囚禁，生活在很恶劣的环境中。
6.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的And then comes a cruel period when they are beaten into fear and submission （顺从）.可知，驯象人虐打大象，让其恐惧，最终顺从他的指令。
7.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段的调查结果可知，一部分人对骑大象和看大象表演等表示可以接受。由此判断，是时候提高人们保护野生生物的意识了。
8.C　观点态度题。在叙述大象的生存环境时，作者用了wasn’t quite as delightful as、 caught as youngsters、 raised in captivity、 separated from the love of their families、 beaten into fear and submission等，表现了作者对大象生存环境的担忧。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了野生动物保护的重要性和措施。
9.B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，野生动物保护旨在确保动植物的生存，教育人类与其他物种和谐共处。
10.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的The number of people has grown ...of people on the planet.可知，人类活动是野生动植物的最大威胁。
11.C　段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段介绍了一些国际组织在保护野生动植物方面做出的努力。
12.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者在最后一段向我们呈现了一些个人对环境作出的贡献。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大学生如何开始环保生活。
13.F　根据空前一句和下文可知，下文主要是介绍大学生如何开始环保生活的建议。F项承上启下，符合语境。
14.E　本段就学生盘中的食物方面给出建议。根据空前一句可知，对肉类和奶制品的消费会导致过度的土地使用、工业废气排放、水资源浪费和沙漠化。E项符合语境。
15.A　根据文章结构可知，本句是一个段落主旨句。根据段落主旨句的特点（祈使句）和下文内容可知，A项符合语境。
16.G　根据本段首句和下文可知，本段就如何改变学生的日常生活习惯方面提出建议。G项符合语境。
17.D　根据上文But campaigning is important， too.可知，本段主要是强调在保持环保生活习惯方面，各种学生运动所起的作用。D项符合语境。
Ⅲ.
An English Study Adviser Wanted
　　The Students’ Union needs a foreign student to work as an English study adviser next term.The main duties of the adviser include helping students to practise their oral English， answering questions， and helping organize activities such as English evenings or lectures on interesting topics.
　　A native speaker of English with fluent Chinese is preferred.The adviser is expected to work 4 hours per week.
　　If you are interested， please call Li Hua at 13012345678 for an interview.Payment for the service will be discussed during the interview.
The Students’ Union
6 / 6Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
THE BEST JOB IN THE WORLD
　　How would you like to spend six months living on an island and looking after the Great Barrier Reef？ The working hours are flexible① and accommodation② is provided.Key duties include exploring the islands of the reef and finding out what the area has to offer.You’ll need to report back via③ weekly blogs， photo diaries and video updates.You’ll also be asked to promote④ the islands through newspapers， magazines and TV interviews.
　　This call for an island caretaker attracted interest from all over the world.It was actually a very clever means [1]to highlight the importance of⑤ the Great Barrier Reef and the need to protect it.
　　[1]动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰名词means。
　　[2]Located off the coast of North-east Australia， the Great Barrier Reef is the largest living thing on the planet.About the size of Japan， it even can be seen from outer space.More than 25 million years old， the Great Barrier Reef is made up of⑥ living coral [3]growing on dead coral.It is host to many species of birds and sea creatures.But this unique⑦ and delicate place is now under threat⑧ from pollution and climate change.
　　[2]动词-ed形式作状语。
　　[3]动词-ing短语作定语，修饰living coral。
　　To get this job， the candidates⑨ had to make a short video [4]showing how much they knew about the reef.They also needed to prove why they were the best person [5]to do the job.Out of the thousands of applicants⑩， eleven were selected， including a young woman from China.Eventually ， the job was offered to Ben Southall from the UK.
　　[4]动词-ing形式作定语，修饰名词video。
　　[5]动词不定式短语作定语，修饰名词person。
　　Ben did a lot during his time as an island caretaker.In addition to blogging， taking photos and writing articles about the reef， he made a number of appearances on television to argue in favour of its defence.He also worked as a presenter for the National Geographic Channel， before [6]going on to write a book about his experiences.Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised [7]not as the “best”， but the “busiest job in the world”！
　　[6]going on to ...为动词-ing形式作介词before的宾语。
　　[7]not ...but ...不是……而是……，在句中连接两个宾语。
　　[8]Whether it was a genuine job offer or an eye-catching marketing event isn’t really important.The most important thing was [9]that people all over the world became aware of the beauty of the ocean in the area.What’s more ， they came to understand the delicate balance [10]that the environment exists in and [11]what can， and must， be done to protect the reef.That way， it will remain a safe habitat for wildlife， as well as a dream destination for the millions of tourists who visit it each year.
　　[8]Whether引导主语从句。
　　[9]that引导表语从句。
　　[10]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词balance。
　　[11]what引导宾语从句。
【读文清障】
①flexible adj.灵活的
②accommodation n.住所；住宿
accommodate vt.提供
住宿
③via prep.通过（某人、某机器等）传送（某物）；借助于
④promote vt.促进；推动；推销；宣传
⑤highlight the importance of 强调……的重要性
⑥be made up of由……组成
⑦unique adj.独一无二的；仅有的；独特的
⑧under threat 受到威胁
⑨candidate n.申请者
⑩applicant n.申请人
apply vi.申请 vt.使用，应用
application n.申请
eventually adv.最后，终于
in addition to除……以外（还）
favour n.支持，赞同
in favour of 支持，赞同
work as 担当……角色；做……工作
presenter n.主持人
advertise v.（为……）做广告（宣传）
advertisement n.广告
genuine adj.真的，真正的
become aware of 意识到
what’s more而且；更重要的是；另外
【参考译文】
世界上最棒的工作
　　你愿意在一座岛上生活六个月，并照看大堡礁吗？这份工作时间灵活，提供住宿。你的主要职责包括探索大堡礁的各个岛屿，探寻当地的自然资源。你需要通过每周更新博客、创建照片日志和拍摄视频的方式来反馈工作成果；你还需要通过报纸、杂志和电视采访等宣传大堡礁。
　　这则岛屿管理员的招聘广告吸引了全世界的兴趣。这其实是一种绝妙的手段，既突出了大堡礁的重要性，又强调了大堡礁需要人类保护。
　　大堡礁位于澳大利亚东北部近海处，是地球上最大的生物。大堡礁整体面积接近日本的国土面积，甚至从外太空都能看得到它。大堡礁有2，500万年的历史，由生长在死珊瑚上的活珊瑚组成。它是许多鸟类和海洋生物的栖息地。但如今，这一独特又脆弱的区域正在遭受污染和气候变化的威胁。
　　要想得到这份工作，应聘者需要拍摄一段短视频，展示自己对大堡礁的了解程度。另外，应聘者还需要证明为何自己是这个职位的最佳人选。在成千上万名应聘者中，有11人被选中，其中包括一名年轻的中国姑娘。最终，来自英国的本·索撒尔获得了这份工作。
　　本在做岛屿管理员期间做了很多事情。除了发布博客、拍照片和写关于大堡礁的文章，本还多次在电视上露面号召保护大堡礁，并且担任过国家地理频道的主持人。在那之后，本把自己的经历写成了一本书。本后来开玩笑说，这份工作的招聘启事上应该写“世界上最繁忙的工作”，而不是“最棒的”！
　　不管这是一个真正的工作机会，还是一场吸引眼球的营销活动，其实都不重要。最重要的是，全世界都认识到了这片大海的美丽。而且，人们还意识到环境存在于微妙的平衡之中，也知道了人类能够且必须采取什么行动来保护大堡礁。只有如此，大堡礁才能继续作为野生动物的安全栖息地以及每年数百万游客梦寐以求的旅游目的地。
第一步：析架构理清脉络
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.Which of the following is not the requirement of the job？
A.Exploring the island.
B.Reporting via weekly blogs.
C.Promoting the islands.
D.Bringing more tourists.
2.What’s the purpose of the job advertisement？
A.To protect the Great Barrier Reef.
B.To build the Great Barrier Reef more beautifully.
C.To attract more candidates.
D.To attract more tourists to travel in Australia.
3.What problem was the Great Barrier Reef faced with？
A.Lack of tourists.
B.Natural disaster.
C.Pollution and climate change.
D.Disappearing of the islands.
4.Which of the following is NOT true about Ben？
A.He took photos and wrote articles about the reef.
B.He appeared on television many times.
C.He worked as a host for one channel.
D.He told jokes on TV.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
1.Read the first paragraph carefully and find the sentences which can be used to describe the requirements of the job.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.Read the third paragraph carefully and find the sentence which uses the transition （过渡）.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：拓思维品质提升
Discuss the following question with your partner.
Which one is more important for us， developing or ecological balance？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第五步：析难句表达升级
1.Key duties include exploring the islands of the reef and finding out what the area has to offer.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句；include后是两个并列的动词-ing形式作　　　语；finding out后是what引导的　　　　从句，what在从句中作　　　语。
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.What’s more，they came to understand the delicate balance that the environment exists in and what can，and must， be done to protect the reef.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句；that the environment exists in为　　　　从句，修饰先行词balance，what can，and must， be done to protect the reef为what引导的　　　　从句。
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
highlight the importance of 强调……的重要性
【教材原句】　 It was actually a very clever means to highlight the importance of the Great Barrier Reef and the need to protect it.
这其实是一种绝妙的手段，既突出了大堡礁的重要性，又强调了大堡礁需要人类保护。
【用法】
（be） of great importance　非常重要的
attach importance to ... 认为……重要
stress the importance of 强调……的重要性
【佳句】　These findings suggest the difficulty in changing established eating habits and highlight the importance of obesity prevention.
这些发现表明了改变已建立的饮食习惯的难度，并强调了肥胖预防的重要性。
【练透】　单句语法填空/补全句子
①The exam to be taken several months away is 　　　　great importance to every student.
②Confucianism and Taoism both 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　compassion.
儒家和道家都强调同情的重要性。
【写美】　翻译句子
③必须着重指出的是，我们应该高度重视环保。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
be made up of 由……组成
【教材原句】　More than 25 million years old， the Great Barrier Reef is made up of living coral growing on dead coral.
大堡礁有2，500万年的历史，由生长在死珊瑚上的活珊瑚组成。
【用法】
make up 　　　　　编造；组成；构成；弥补；化妆；和好
make up for 补偿；赔偿；弥补
make up one’s mind 下定决心
【佳句】　Most of these groups are made up of graduate students from the world’s top universities.这些团体大部分是由来自世界上顶尖大学的毕业生组成的。
【联想】　表示“由……组成”还可以用consist of， be composed of等来表达。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①They had an argument yesterday， but they have already made 　　　　　　now.
②Having admitted she had made a mistake， she devoted all her spare time to making up 　　　　　　it.
【写美】　补全句子
③Encouraged by your speech， we have 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
在你的演讲的鼓舞下，我们下决心实现我们的梦想。
under threat 受到威胁
【教材原句】　But this unique and delicate place is now under threat from pollution and climate change.
但如今，这一独特又脆弱的区域正在遭受污染和气候变化的威胁。
【用法】
under attack　　　　　　　遭到攻击
under debate 在辩论/讨论中
under negotiation 在商谈中
under construction 在建设中
under control 处于控制之下
【佳句】　As these beautiful places attract a large number of tourists， their protection comes under threat.
由于这些美丽的地方吸引了大量的游客，它们的保护受到了威胁。
【练透】　补全句子
①Whether college students should do part-time jobs is still 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
大学生是否应该做兼职工作仍在讨论中。
②When an animal is 　　　　　　　　　　， it can run away or fight back.
当动物遭到攻击时它会跑掉，也会反击。
【写美】　同义句转换
③The new building being constructed will be completed next month.
→The new building 　　　　　　　　　　　will be completed next month.
applicant n.申请人
【教材原句】　Out of the thousands of applicants， eleven were selected， including a young woman from China.
在成千上万名应聘者中，有11人被选中，其中包括一名年轻的中国姑娘。
【用法】
（1）application n.　 　应用；用途；申请
have a wide application in ... 在……中得到广泛应用
application form 申请表
（2）apply v.　　　　　　　应用；申请
apply for 申请
apply to ...for ... 向……申请……
（3）applied adj. 应用的
【佳句】　Applicants will receive an e-mail within two weeks if they are selected.
申请人如果被选中将在两周内收到一封邮件。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①His 　　　　　　（apply） for the post was accepted， for he had working experience.
②Many 　　　　　　（apply） apply for the post on seeing the advertisement.
③He decided to apply 　　　　　　the manager 　　　　　　a job the next day.
【写美】　翻译句子
④如果你想申请会员资格，你需要填写申请表并发送邮件至pingpong@。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
in favour of 支持，赞同
【教材原句】　In addition to blogging， taking photos and writing articles about the reef， he made a number of appearances on television to argue in favour of its defence.
除了发布博客、拍照片和写关于大堡礁的文章，本还多次在电视上露面号召保护大堡礁。
【用法】
（1）in sb’s favour　　　　有利于某人
（2）do sb a favour/do a favour for sb 帮助某人
ask sb a favour/ask a favour of sb 请某人帮忙
（3）favourable adj. 赞同的；有利的
favourite adj.& n. 特别喜爱（欢）的（人或事物）
【佳句】　Opportunities and success tend to be in favour of those who are well prepared.
机遇和成功往往青睐那些有充分准备的人。
【联想】　“in＋名词＋of”结构的短语：
in charge of　　　掌管
in search of 寻找
in memory of 为了纪念
【练透】　单句语法填空
①While circumstances are 　　　　　　（favour）， there will still be difficulties.
②Lucy is leaving.I will do her 　　　　　　favour and drive her to the airport.
③With so much working 　　　　　　our favour， we can see what is holding us back.
④I’m sure it is a good opportunity for you to perform your 　　　　　　（favour） music.
【写美】　补全句子
⑤People who 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　may think it is rather dull to live in the countryside.
赞同现代城市生活的人可能认为生活在农村很乏味。
defence n.辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守
【教材原句】　In addition to blogging， taking photos and writing articles about the reef， he made a number of appearances on television to argue in favour of its defence.
除了发布博客、拍照片和写关于大堡礁的文章，本还多次在电视上露面号召保护大堡礁。
【用法】
（1）in defence （of）　保护；为了保卫；（为……）辩护
in one’s defence 为某人辩护；站在某人一边
（2）defend vt. 保卫；保护
defend ...against/from （doing） ... 保护……免受……
defend oneself 自卫；为自己辩护
（3）defensive adj. 防御的，保卫的
【佳句】　We should keep the soldiers who died in defence of our country in mind.
我们应该记住那些为保卫国家而献身的军人。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I have to say 　　　　　　her defence that she knew nothing about it.
②Body language can give away a lot about your mood， so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being 　　　　　　（defend）.
③The traveler may fire at a wild beast to defend 　　　　　　（he） in case he is attacked.
【写美】　补全句子
④This medicine can help the body 　　　　　　　　　　　　　some kinds of infections.
这种药能帮助身体抵抗某些类型的感染。
preference n.优先（权）；偏爱
【教材原句】　All applications welcome， but preference will be given to those with diving qualifications.欢迎所有申请，但有潜水资格者优先。
【用法】
（1）have a preference for　对……偏爱
（2）prefer vt. 更喜欢
prefer （sb） to do sth 宁愿（某人）做某事
prefer （doing） sth to （doing） sth喜欢（做）某事胜过（做）某事
prefer to do ...rather than do ...宁愿做……而不愿做……
【佳句】　Everybody has his/her favourite colour， and she has a preference for blue.
每个人都有他（她）自己最喜欢的颜色，她偏爱蓝色。
【点津】　动词prefer的过去式和过去分词均需双写词尾“r”，再加-ed， 即preferred。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Nowadays many students have a 　　　　　　（prefer） for a certain subject.
②The novel was made into a film in 1943 and again in 1967 but I prefer the former version 　　　　　　the latter one.
③In summer people prefer 　　　　　　　　（stay） in air-conditioned rooms rather than have fun outdoors.
【写美】　补全句子
④Most people 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
多数人喜欢工作胜过待在家里。
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式： not ...but ...不是……而是……
【教材原句】　Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised not as the “best”， but the “busiest job in the world”！
本后来开玩笑说，这份工作的招聘启事上应该写“世界上最繁忙的工作”，而不是“最棒的”！
【用法】
not ...but ...在本句中连接两个宾语。如果连接的是句子的两个主语，句子的谓语动词与but后的主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就是主谓一致中的“就近一致”原则。遵循“就近一致”原则的结构还有：
neither ...nor ...　　　　既不……也不……
either ...or ... 或者……或者……
whether ...or ... 无论……还是……
not only ...but also ... 不但……而且……
【品悟】　I realize the secret to success is not when and where you were born， but what you are doing in your life.
我意识到成功的秘诀不是你出生于何时何地，而是你在生活中的所作所为。
【写美】　微写作
①美国人和英国人不但语言相同，而且有很多社会风俗也相同。（邮件）
The Americans and the British 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a large number of social customs.
②这里的天气很好。冬天不太冷，夏天不太热。（环境描写）
The weather here is very nice.It is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③不是困苦而是我们对它的态度将决定我们生活中的快乐和幸福。（主旨升华句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 will determine the joy and happiness in our lives.
句型公式： whether引导主语从句
【教材原句】　Whether it was a genuine job offer or an eye-catching marketing event isn’t really important.
不管这是一个真正的工作机会，还是一场吸引眼球的营销活动，其实都不重要。
【用法】
本句中Whether it was a genuine job offer or an eye-catching marketing event为Whether引导的主语从句。
（1）whether ...（or not）引导主语从句，可以用it作形式主语，此时whether可以用if代替。
（2）whether ...（or not）引导的从句还可以充当宾语、表语、同位语、状语等。宾语从句中，一般情况下，whether和if可以互换，但如果是介词后的宾语从句，只能用whether。
【品悟】　Whether we will hold a meeting hasn’t been decided.
我们还没有决定是否要开一个会。
【写美】　微写作
①“你明天是否参加会议无关紧要。”汤姆说。（语言描写）
“It doesn’t matter much 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　the meeting or not tomorrow.” Tom said.
②无论你是安排约会还是预约牙医，在德国，准时都是必须的。（建议信）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 a dentist appointment， being on time is a must in Germany.
③我们是否应该接受这份礼物由你决定。（邮件）
It’s up to you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.exploring　2.finding out　3.the importance of　4.location
5.size　6.apply for　7.blogging　8.to protect
第二步
1－4　DACD
第三步
1.You’ll need to report back via weekly blogs， photo diaries and video updates.You’ll also be asked to promote the islands through newspapers， magazines and TV interviews.
2.But this unique and delicate place is now under threat from pollution and climate change.
第四步
Actually， developing and ecological balance are both important for us.But we can’t gain developing speed at the cost of losing ecological balance.
第五步
1.宾　宾语　宾
你的主要职责包括探索大堡礁的各个岛屿，探寻当地的自然资源。
2.定语　宾语
而且，人们还意识到环境存在于微妙的平衡之中，也知道了人类能够且必须采取什么行动来保护大堡礁。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①of　②highlight/stress the importance of
③It must be stressed that we should attach great importance to environmental protection.
2.①up　②for　③made up our minds to realize our dreams
3.①under debate　②under attack　③under construction
4.①application　②applicants　③to； for　④If you want to apply for membership， you are required to fill in the application form and send an email to pingpong@.
5.①favourable　②a　③in　④favourite
⑤are in favour of modern city life
6.①in　②defensive　③himself　④defend itself against/from
7.①preference　②to　③to stay
④prefer working to staying at home
重点句型解构
1.①not only speak the same language but also share
②neither too cold in winter nor too hot in summer
③Not the hardship but our attitudes to it
2.①whether/if you attend
②Whether you are arranging a date or
③whether/if we should accept the present or not
9 / 10(共111张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
2
文本透析·剖语篇
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
THE BEST JOB IN THE WORLD
　　How would you like to spend six months living on an island and
looking after the Great Barrier Reef？ The working hours are flexible
① and accommodation② is provided.Key duties include exploring the
islands of the reef and finding out what the area has to offer.You’ll
need to report back via③ weekly blogs， photo diaries and video
updates.You’ll also be asked to promote④ the islands through
newspapers， magazines and TV interviews.
　　This call for an island caretaker attracted interest from all over
the world.It was actually a very clever means [1]to highlight the
importance of⑤ the Great Barrier Reef and the need to protect it.
　　[1]动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰名词means。
【读文清障】
①flexible adj.灵活的
②accommodation n.住所；住宿
accommodate vt.提供住宿
③via prep.通过（某人、某机器等）传送（某物）；借助于
④promote vt.促进；推动；推销；宣传
⑤highlight the importance of 强调……的重要性
　　[2]Located off the coast of North-east Australia， the Great
Barrier Reef is the largest living thing on the planet.About the size of
Japan， it even can be seen from outer space.More than 25 million
years old， the Great Barrier Reef is made up of⑥ living coral
[3]growing on dead coral.It is host to many species of birds and sea
creatures.But this unique⑦ and delicate place is now under threat⑧
from pollution and climate change.
　　[2]动词-ed形式作状语。
　　[3]动词-ing短语作定语，修饰living coral。
⑥be made up of由……组成
⑦unique adj.独一无二的；仅有的；独特的
⑧under threat 受到威胁
　　To get this job， the candidates⑨ had to make a short video
[4]showing how much they knew about the reef.They also needed to
prove why they were the best person [5]to do the job.Out of the
thousands of applicants⑩， eleven were selected， including a young
woman from China.Eventually ， the job was offered to Ben Southall
from the UK.
　　[4]动词-ing形式作定语，修饰名词video。
　　[5]动词不定式短语作定语，修饰名词person。
⑨candidate n.申请者
⑩applicant n.申请人
apply vi.申请 vt.使用，应用
application n.申请
eventually adv.最后，终于
　　Ben did a lot during his time as an island caretaker.In addition to
blogging， taking photos and writing articles about the reef， he
made a number of appearances on television to argue in favour of its
defence.He also worked as a presenter for the National Geographic
Channel， before [6]going on to write a book about his
experiences.Ben later joked that the job should have been advertised
[7]not as the “best”， but the “busiest job in the world”！
　　[6]going on to ...为动词-ing形式作介词before的宾语。
　　[7]not ...but ...不是……而是……，在句中连接两个宾语。
in addition to除……以外（还）
favour n.支持，赞同
in favour of 支持，赞同
work as 担当……角色；做……工作
presenter n.主持人
advertise v.（为……）做广告（宣传）
advertisement n.广告
　　[8]Whether it was a genuine job offer or an eye-catching
marketing event isn’t really important.The most important thing was
[9]that people all over the world became aware of the beauty of the
ocean in the area.What’s more ， they came to understand the
delicate balance [10]that the environment exists in and [11]what can，
and must， be done to protect the reef.That way， it will remain a safe
habitat for wildlife， as well as a dream destination for the millions of
tourists who visit it each year.
　　[8]Whether引导主语从句。
　　[9]that引导表语从句。
　　[10]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词balance。
　　[11]what引导宾语从句。
genuine adj.真的，真正的
become aware of 意识到
what’s more而且；更重要的是；另外
【参考译文】
世界上最棒的工作
　　你愿意在一座岛上生活六个月，并照看大堡礁吗？这份工作时间
灵活，提供住宿。你的主要职责包括探索大堡礁的各个岛屿，探寻当
地的自然资源。你需要通过每周更新博客、创建照片日志和拍摄视频
的方式来反馈工作成果；你还需要通过报纸、杂志和电视采访等宣传
大堡礁。
　　这则岛屿管理员的招聘广告吸引了全世界的兴趣。这其实是
一种绝妙的手段，既突出了大堡礁的重要性，又强调了大堡礁需
要人类保护。
　　大堡礁位于澳大利亚东北部近海处，是地球上最大的生物。大堡
礁整体面积接近日本的国土面积，甚至从外太空都能看得到它。大堡
礁有2，500万年的历史，由生长在死珊瑚上的活珊瑚组成。它是许多
鸟类和海洋生物的栖息地。但如今，这一独特又脆弱的区域正在遭受
污染和气候变化的威胁。
　　要想得到这份工作，应聘者需要拍摄一段短视频，展示自己对大
堡礁的了解程度。另外，应聘者还需要证明为何自己是这个职位的最
佳人选。在成千上万名应聘者中，有11人被选中，其中包括一名年轻
的中国姑娘。最终，来自英国的本·索撒尔获得了这份工作。
　　本在做岛屿管理员期间做了很多事情。除了发布博客、拍照片和
写关于大堡礁的文章，本还多次在电视上露面号召保护大堡礁，并且
担任过国家地理频道的主持人。在那之后，本把自己的经历写成了一
本书。本后来开玩笑说，这份工作的招聘启事上应该写“世界上最繁
忙的工作”，而不是“最棒的”！
　　不管这是一个真正的工作机会，还是一场吸引眼球的营销活动，
其实都不重要。最重要的是，全世界都认识到了这片大海的美丽。而
且，人们还意识到环境存在于微妙的平衡之中，也知道了人类能够且
必须采取什么行动来保护大堡礁。只有如此，大堡礁才能继续作为野
生动物的安全栖息地以及每年数百万游客梦寐以求的旅游目的地。
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构理清脉络
Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1. Which of the following is not the requirement of the job？
A. Exploring the island.
B. Reporting via weekly blogs.
C. Promoting the islands.
D. Bringing more tourists.
2. What’s the purpose of the job advertisement？
A. To protect the Great Barrier Reef.
B. To build the Great Barrier Reef more beautifully.
C. To attract more candidates.
D. To attract more tourists to travel in Australia.
3. What problem was the Great Barrier Reef faced with？
A. Lack of tourists.
B. Natural disaster.
C. Pollution and climate change.
D. Disappearing of the islands.
4. Which of the following is NOT true about Ben？
A. He took photos and wrote articles about the reef.
B. He appeared on television many times.
C. He worked as a host for one channel.
D. He told jokes on TV.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
1. Read the first paragraph carefully and find the sentences which can
be used to describe the requirements of the job.



2. Read the third paragraph carefully and find the sentence which uses
the transition （过渡）.


　You’ll need to report back via weekly blogs， photo diaries and
video updates.You’ll also be asked to promote the islands through
newspapers， magazines and TV interviews.　
　But this unique and delicate place is now under threat from
pollution and climate change.　
第四步：拓思维品质提升
Discuss the following question with your partner.
Which one is more important for us， developing or ecological
balance？



　Actually， developing and ecological balance are both important for
us.But we can’t gain developing speed at the cost of losing ecological
balance.　
第五步：析难句表达升级
1. Key duties include exploring the islands of the reef and finding out
what the area has to offer.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句；include后是两个并列的动词-ing形式
作 语；finding out后是what引导的 从句，what在从
句中作 语。
自主翻译

宾　
宾语　
宾　
你的主要职责包括探索大堡礁的各个岛屿，探寻当地
的自然资源。　
2. What’s more，they came to understand the delicate balance that the
environment exists in and what can，and must， be done to protect
the reef.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句；that the environment exists in为
从句，修饰先行词balance，what can，and must， be done to
protect the reef为what引导的 从句。
自主翻译

定
语　
宾语　
而且，人们还意识到环境存在于微妙的平衡之中，也
知道了人类能够且必须采取什么行动来保护大堡礁。　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
highlight the importance of 强调……的重要性
【教材原句】　 It was actually a very clever means to highlight the
importance of the Great Barrier Reef and the need to protect it.这其实
是一种绝妙的手段，既突出了大堡礁的重要性，又强调了大堡礁需要
人类保护。
（be） of great importance　非常重要的
attach importance to ...　　认为……重要
stress the importance of 　　强调……的重要性
【用法】
【佳句】　These findings suggest the difficulty in changing
established eating habits and highlight the importance of obesity
prevention.
这些发现表明了改变已建立的饮食习惯的难度，并强调了肥胖预防的
重要性。
【练透】　单句语法填空/补全句子
①The exam to be taken several months away is great
importance to every student.
②Confucianism and Taoism both
compassion.
儒家和道家都强调同情的重要性。
of　
highlight/stress the importance
of　
【写美】　翻译句子
③必须着重指出的是，我们应该高度重视环保。


　It must be stressed that we should attach great importance to
environmental protection.　
be made up of 由……组成
【教材原句】　More than 25 million years old， the Great Barrier
Reef is made up of living coral growing on dead coral.大堡礁有2，500
万年的历史，由生长在死珊瑚上的活珊瑚组成。
【用法】
make up 　　　　　编造；组成；构成；弥补；化妆；和好
make up for　　补偿；赔偿；弥补
make up one’s mind　　下定决心
【佳句】　Most of these groups are made up of graduate students
from the world’s top universities.这些团体大部分是由来自世界上顶尖
大学的毕业生组成的。
【联想】　表示“由……组成”还可以用consist of， be composed of等
来表达。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①They had an argument yesterday， but they have already
made now.
②Having admitted she had made a mistake， she devoted all her
spare time to making up it.
up　
for　
【写美】　补全句子
③Encouraged by your speech， we have
.
在你的演讲的鼓舞下，我们下决心实现我们的梦想。
made up our minds to
realize our dreams　
under threat 受到威胁
【教材原句】　But this unique and delicate place is now under threat
from pollution and climate change.
但如今，这一独特又脆弱的区域正在遭受污染和气候变化的威胁。
【用法】
under attack　　　　　　　遭到攻击
under debate　　在辩论/讨论中
under negotiation　　在商谈中
under construction　　在建设中
under control　　处于控制之下
【佳句】　As these beautiful places attract a large number of
tourists， their protection comes under threat.
由于这些美丽的地方吸引了大量的游客，它们的保护受到了威胁。
【练透】　补全句子
①Whether college students should do part-time jobs is still
.
大学生是否应该做兼职工作仍在讨论中。
②When an animal is ， it can run away or fight
back.
当动物遭到攻击时它会跑掉，也会反击。
under
debate　
under attack　
【写美】　同义句转换
③The new building being constructed will be completed next month.
→The new building will be completed next
month.
under construction　
applicant n.申请人
【教材原句】　Out of the thousands of applicants， eleven were
selected， including a young woman from China.
在成千上万名应聘者中，有11人被选中，其中包括一名年轻的中
国姑娘。
（1）application n.　　　应用；用途；申请
have a wide application in ...　　在……中得到广泛应用
application form　　申请表
（2）apply v.　　应用；申请
apply for　　申请
apply to ...for ...　　向……申请……
（3）applied adj.　　应用的
【用法】
【佳句】　Applicants will receive an e-mail within two weeks if they
are selected.
申请人如果被选中将在两周内收到一封邮件。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①His （apply） for the post was accepted， for he
had working experience.
②Many （apply） apply for the post on seeing the
advertisement.
③He decided to apply the manager a job the next day.
application　
applicants　
to　
for　
【写美】　翻译句子
④如果你想申请会员资格，你需要填写申请表并发送邮件至
pingpong@。


　If you want to apply for membership， you are required to fill in the
application form and send an email to pingpong@.　
in favour of 支持，赞同
【教材原句】　In addition to blogging， taking photos and writing
articles about the reef， he made a number of appearances on
television to argue in favour of its defence.
除了发布博客、拍照片和写关于大堡礁的文章，本还多次在电视上露
面号召保护大堡礁。
（1）in sb’s favour　　　　有利于某人
（2）do sb a favour/do a favour for sb　　帮助某人
ask sb a favour/ask a favour of sb 　　请某人帮忙
（3）favourable adj.　　赞同的；有利的
favourite adj.& n.　　特别喜爱（欢）的（人或事物）
【用法】
【佳句】　Opportunities and success tend to be in favour of those
who are well prepared.
机遇和成功往往青睐那些有充分准备的人。
【联想】　“in＋名词＋of”结构的短语：
in charge of 掌管
in search of 寻找
in memory of 为了纪念
【练透】　单句语法填空
①While circumstances are （favour）， there will
still be difficulties.
②Lucy is leaving.I will do her favour and drive her to the
airport.
③With so much working our favour， we can see what is
holding us back.
④I’m sure it is a good opportunity for you to perform
your （favour） music.
favourable　
a　
in　
favourite　
【写美】　补全句子
⑤People who may think it is
rather dull to live in the countryside.
赞同现代城市生活的人可能认为生活在农村很乏味。
are in favour of modern city life　
defence n.辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守
【教材原句】　In addition to blogging， taking photos and writing
articles about the reef， he made a number of appearances on
television to argue in favour of its defence.
除了发布博客、拍照片和写关于大堡礁的文章，本还多次在电视上露
面号召保护大堡礁。
（1）in defence （of）　保护；为了保卫；（为……）辩护
in one’s defence　　为某人辩护；站在某人一边
（2）defend vt.　　保卫；保护
defend ...against/from （doing） ...　　保护……免受……
defend oneself　　自卫；为自己辩护
（3）defensive adj.　　防御的，保卫的
【用法】
【佳句】　We should keep the soldiers who died in defence of our
country in mind.
我们应该记住那些为保卫国家而献身的军人。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I have to say her defence that she knew nothing about it.
②Body language can give away a lot about your mood， so standing
with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are
being （defend）.
③The traveler may fire at a wild beast to defend （he）
in case he is attacked.
in　
defensive　
himself　
【写美】　补全句子
④This medicine can help the body some
kinds of infections.
这种药能帮助身体抵抗某些类型的感染。
defend itself against/from　
preference n.优先（权）；偏爱
【教材原句】　All applications welcome， but preference will be
given to those with diving qualifications.
欢迎所有申请，但有潜水资格者优先。
（1）have a preference for　对……偏爱
（2）prefer vt.　　更喜欢
prefer （sb） to do sth 　　宁愿（某人）做某事
prefer （doing） sth to （doing） sth喜欢（做）某事胜过（做）某
事
prefer to do ...rather than do ...宁愿做……而不愿做……
【用法】
【佳句】　Everybody has his/her favourite colour， and she has a
preference for blue.
每个人都有他（她）自己最喜欢的颜色，她偏爱蓝色。
【点津】　动词prefer的过去式和过去分词均需双写词尾“r”，再加-
ed， 即preferred。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Nowadays many students have a （prefer） for a
certain subject.
②The novel was made into a film in 1943 and again in 1967 but I
prefer the former version the latter one.
③In summer people prefer （stay） in air-conditioned
rooms rather than have fun outdoors.
【写美】　补全句子
④Most people .
多数人喜欢工作胜过待在家里。
preference　
to　
to stay　
prefer working to staying at home　
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式： not ...but ...不是……而是……
【教材原句】　Ben later joked that the job should have been
advertised not as the “best”， but the “busiest job in the world”！本
后来开玩笑说，这份工作的招聘启事上应该写“世界上最繁忙的工
作”，而不是“最棒的”！
not ...but ...在本句中连接两个宾语。如果连接的是句子的两个主
语，句子的谓语动词与but后的主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就是
主谓一致中的“就近一致”原则。遵循“就近一致”原则的结构还有：
neither ...nor ...　　　　既不……也不……
either ...or ...　　或者……或者……
whether ...or ...　　无论……还是……
not only ...but also ...　　不但……而且……
【用法】
【品悟】　I realize the secret to success is not when and where you
were born， but what you are doing in your life.
我意识到成功的秘诀不是你出生于何时何地，而是你在生活中的所作
所为。
【写美】　微写作
①美国人和英国人不但语言相同，而且有很多社会风俗也相同。
（邮件）
The Americans and the British
a large number of social customs.
not only speak the same language but
also share　
②这里的天气很好。冬天不太冷，夏天不太热。（环境描写）
The weather here is very nice.It is
.
③不是困苦而是我们对它的态度将决定我们生活中的快乐和幸福。
（主旨升华句）
will determine the joy and
happiness in our lives.
neither too cold in winter nor too
hot in summer　
Not the hardship but our attitudes to it　
句型公式： whether引导主语从句
【教材原句】　Whether it was a genuine job offer or an eye-catching
marketing event isn’t really important.
不管这是一个真正的工作机会，还是一场吸引眼球的营销活动，其实
都不重要。
本句中Whether it was a genuine job offer or an eye-catching
marketing event为Whether引导的主语从句。
（1）whether ...（or not）引导主语从句，可以用it作形式主语，此
时whether可以用if代替。
（2）whether ...（or not）引导的从句还可以充当宾语、表语、同位
语、状语等。宾语从句中，一般情况下，whether和if可以互换，但
如果是介词后的宾语从句，只能用whether。
【用法】
【品悟】　Whether we will hold a meeting hasn’t been decided.
我们还没有决定是否要开一个会。
【写美】　微写作
①“你明天是否参加会议无关紧要。”汤姆说。（语言描写）
“It doesn’t matter much the meeting or not
tomorrow.” Tom said.
②无论你是安排约会还是预约牙医，在德国，准时都是必须的。（建
议信）
a dentist appointment，
being on time is a must in Germany.
③我们是否应该接受这份礼物由你决定。（邮件）
It’s up to you .
whether/if you attend　
Whether you are arranging a date or　
whether/if we should accept the present or not　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. We went from London to Washington （经过） New York.
2. Of all the （申请者）， only a few will be chosen to
take the test.
3. The man’s （腰部） was injured， so he couldn’t sit here
for long.
via　
candidates　
waist　
4. They are not made of （真的） leather， which give
off bad smell.
5. I am calling about the apartment you （做广告）
the other day.Could you tell me more about it？
6. The price of the house was not （可协商的）， so
we had to search for another one.
7. The conference featured speakers from a diversity of industries，
providing （独特的） perspectives.
genuine　
advertised　
negotiable　
unique　
8. Unlike traditional gyms， app-backed gyms offer people f
options to exercise.
9. The job is very tiring，but its s is very satisfying.
10. They argue persuasively in f of a total ban on smoking in
the office.
lexible　
alary　
avour　
维度二：词形转换
1. Huawei mobile phone is easy to operate， which can run
several （apply） at the same time.
2. Where was it that you saw the （advertise） for
a new teacher？
3. Wilson has had countless pleasant and often
humorous （negotiate） with the students he
transported to and from school.
4. As an applicant， you will be asked what your highest
education （qualify） is.
applications　
advertisement　
negotiations　
qualification　
5. In order to enhance market competitiveness， we welcome any
comments from consumers， （favour） or
otherwise.
6. Which you choose is really just a matter of personal
（prefer）.
7. The （operate） of Germany’s largest consumer
electronic chains has increased its earnings in the past two years.
8. （conservation） are fighting to save the
buildings dating back to 1238.
favourable　
preference　
operator　
Conservationists　
9. The naughty boy seems （genuine） sorry for what
he did.
10. There are three （candidate） standing on the
stage.
genuinely　
candidates　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. The operator is very much （赞成） workers’
proposal on the conference.
2. Now some world heritage sites are （受到威胁）
from pollution caused by human activities.
3. In considering people for jobs， we （给……
以优先） those who have relative experience.
4. （汤姆是否能
赢得电脑比赛） remains a secret till next Monday.
in favor of　
under threat　
give preference to　
Whether Tom will win the computer competition　
5. These words are
（目的不是伤害你，而是鼓励你）.
6. Don’t disturb him now， who must （查明） the truth
of this incident.
7. The headteacher told us that we would go to the grassland by taking
his car （如果必要的话）.
8. The boy （编造） a story that his waist was bitten by
a snake， which made us frightened.
9. It is certain that one day in the future you will
（意识到） all your mistakes.
10. Although our “act” would last only for a short time， we could see
quite （一些，许多） interesting things.
not meant to hurt you but to encourage you　
find out　
if necessary　
made up　
become aware of　
a number of　
维度四：课文语法填空
　　The job requires you to spend six months 1. （live） on
an island and looking after the Great Barrier Reef.The working hours
are flexible and 2. （accommodate） is
provided.Key duties include exploring the islands of the reef and
3. （find） out what the area has to offer.You’ll need to
report back 4. weekly blogs， photo diaries and video
updates， and you’ll be asked to promote the islands through
newspapers， magazines and TV interviews.
living　
accommodation　
finding　
via　
　　The Great Barrier Reef is the 5. （large） living thing
on the planet， 6. （locate） off the coast of North-east
Australia.It is host to many species of birds and sea creatures.But it’s
now 7. threat from pollution and climate change.
　　Thousands of applicants applied for the job.8.
（eventual）， the job was offered to Ben Southall from the UK. He
did a lot during his time as an island caretaker 9. favour of its
defence.
largest　
located　
under　
Eventually　
in　
　　Whether it was a genuine job offer or an eye-catching marketing
event isn’t really important.The most important thing was 10.
people all over the world became aware of the beauty of the ocean in
the area.What’s more， they came to understand the delicate balance
that the environment exists in and what can， and must， be done to
protect the reef.
that　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　New discoveries and technological breakthroughs are made every
year.Yet， as the information industry moves forward， many people
in society are looking back to their roots in terms of the way they eat.A
“locavore” movement has emerged in the United States.The movement
supports eating foods grown locally and sustainably， rather than pre-
packaged foods shipped from other parts of the world.
　　Experts hold that eating local has many merits， and is expected
to become a trend featuring sustainability.Erin Barnett is the director
of Local Harvest， a company that aims to help connect people to
farms in their area.By eating local， she argues， people have a better
and more personal understanding of the impact their food
consumption has on the rest of the world.“There is a way of connecting
the point， where eating locally is an act that raises our awareness of
sustainable living，” Barnett says.
　　The United States’ agricultural output is one of the highest in the
world， says Timothy Beach， a professor of geography and
geoscience at the University of Texas in Austin， Texas.“There’s just
no other place on Earth where the amount of input is so productive，”
Beach says of American agriculture.“Nobody can cut off the food we
need.”
　　“However， the US food system is not sustainable because of its
dependency on fossil （化石） fuels”， says Beach.“Equipment used
on extremely productive farms is quickly consuming Earth’s natural
resources， particularly oil.”Additionally， the production of
agricultural supplements （补充剂），such as fertilizer， uses large
amounts of energy.
　　“The world has used close to half of the global oil supply，”
Beach says， and the second half will be consumed at an even faster
rate because of the growing population and economic
development.Although many businesses are experimenting with
wind， solar and biofuel， Beach says there’s nothing that we see on
the horizon that can replace it.“There is no way on Earth we are using
fossil fuels sustainably.Then we have to reconsider the impact of eating
local，” he says.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着信息产业的发展，美国兴起了
“土食者”运动，该运动支持食用在本土以可持续方式种植的食物，
从而提高人们对可持续生活的意识。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着信息产业的发展，美国兴起了
“土食者”运动，该运动支持食用在本土以可持续方式种植的食物，
从而提高人们对可持续生活的意识。
1. What is the special focus of the “locavore” movement？
A. The development of information society.
B. The emergence of new discoveries.
C. The localization and sustainability of food.
D. The globalization of eating styles.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，这场运动的重
点是食品的本地化和可持续性。
2. What is Erin Barnett’s opinion？
A. Agricultural companies have the responsibility to help farmers.
B. Raising the awareness of sustainability is an urgent issue currently.
C. Eating locally can quickly increase the growth of the local economy.
D. The diversity of things can greatly enrich the lives of local people.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段中的By eating
local ...awareness of sustainable living可知，艾琳·巴奈特认为提高
对可持续发展的认识是当前一个紧迫的问题。
3. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4？
A. The agricultural weaknesses of the US.
B. The benefits of fossil fuels.
C. The most productive equipment on farms.
D. The consumption of local food.
解析：　段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，本段主要说明了美
国农业的弱点。
4. What is the challenge facing the world now？
A. The population is growing too fast.
B. Global economy develops rapidly.
C. Eating locally can’t be accepted.
D. No suitable energy can replace oil.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Although many
businesses ...replace it.可知，现在世界面临的挑战是没有合适的能
源可以取代石油。
B
　　Washing behind the ears of a gentle Asian elephant at a
conservation area outside of Kandy， Sri Lanka， I should have
realized this wasn’t normal behaviour for a wild animal to allow me so
close.I was also told the experience was cruelty-free and the money I
had paid went towards conservation of the species.
　　But observing the mahout （驯象人） hit the poor creature with
a stick and then chain it up after our wash in the river， I realized its
life wasn’t quite as delightful as it had been made out to me.
　　Elephant-washing tourist attractions in Thailand have tripled in
five years — despite conservationists saying the animals suffer in
miserable conditions and go through a cruel training process to make
them “safe” to handle.World Animal Protection （WAP） reviewed
357 venues holding more than 3，800 elephants across Thailand，
India， Laos， Cambodia， Nepal， Sri Lanka and Malaysia.It
found 2，390 elephants suffering in terrible conditions at 208
venues， with just 279 kept in high-welfare venues.
　　Conservationist Jane Goodall said，“Many of these elephants
have been caught as youngsters from the wild， and others are raised
in captivity （监禁）， but all are separated from the love of their
families.And then comes a cruel period when they are beaten into fear
and submission （顺从）.”
　　The report also said the number of tourist attractions offering
chances to get close to the animals had tripled in the last five years.A
recent survey from WAP found that over a third of people in Britain
either didn’t know or thought elephant bathing or washing was
acceptable.There were also three in ten who said they either didn’t
know or thought elephant riding was acceptable and 12％ who said the
same for elephants performing in shows.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。世界动物保护协会调查发现，在大
部分地点中，大象生活在恶劣的环境中。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。世界动物保护协会调查发现，在大
部分地点中，大象生活在恶劣的环境中。
5. What did the author learn from her experience？
A. Elephants were gentle animals.
B. Elephants lived in terrible conditions.
C. Elephants and humans could get on well.
D. The mahout made money from tourists.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，作者意识到大象遭
到虐打和囚禁，生活在很恶劣的环境中。
6. How did a mahout train an elephant？
A. He beat the animal until it followed his orders.
B. He raised the animal when it was very young.
C. He allowed tourists to get close to the animal.
D. He chained the animal up in the river to punish it.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第四段中的And then comes a cruel
period when they are beaten into fear and submission （顺从）.可
知，驯象人虐打大象，让其恐惧，最终顺从他的指令。
7. What can we infer from the survey conducted by WAP？
A. Curiosity brought tourists close to the elephants.
B. Elephants have brought joy and happiness to the tourists
worldwide.
C. Tourists like gentle elephants and are willing to ride on them.
D. It is time to raise people’s awareness of protecting wildlife.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段的调查结果可知，一部分人
对骑大象和看大象表演等表示可以接受。由此判断，是时候提高人
们保护野生生物的意识了。
8. What was the author’s attitude towards the elephants’ conditions？
A. Surprised. B. Disappointed.
C. Concerned. D. Embarrassed.
解析：　观点态度题。在叙述大象的生存环境时，作者用了
wasn’t quite as delightful as、 caught as youngsters、 raised in
captivity、 separated from the love of their families、 beaten into
fear and submission等，表现了作者对大象生存环境的担忧。
C
　　Wildlife conservation is the practice of protecting plant and
animal species and their habitats.As part of the world’s ecosystems，
wildlife provides balance and stability to nature’s processes.Wildlife
conservation is aimed to ensure the survival of these species and
educate people on living sustainably with other species.
　　The number of people has grown to more than eight billion
today， and it continues to rapidly grow.The economic growth
endangers the habitats and existence of various types of wildlife
around the world， particularly animals and plants that may be
displaced for land development， or used for food or other human
purposes.This threat is at top of the list and means natural resources
are being consumed faster than ever by the billions of people on the
planet.The introduction of invasive species from other parts of the
world is another threat to wildlife.Other threats include climate
change， pollution， fishing and hunting.
　　International organizations like the World Wildlife Fund，
Conservation International， Wildlife Conservation Society and the
United Nations work to support global animal and habitat
conservation on many different fronts.They work with the government
to establish and protect public lands， like national parks and wildlife
protection areas.They help write legislation （法规）， such as the
Endangered Species Act （ESA） of 1973 in the United States， to
protect various species.They work with law enforcement to charge
those with wildlife crimes.They also promote biodiversity to support
the growing human population while preserving existing species and
habitats.
　　National Geographic Explorers， like conservation biologists
Camille Coudrat and Titus Adhola，are working to slow the extinction
of global species and protect global biodiversity and
habitats.Environmental film-makers and photographers， like
Thomas P. Peschak， are essential to conservation efforts as well，
documenting and bringing attention to endangered wildlife all over the
world.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了野生动物保护的重要性
和措施。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了野生动物保护的重要性
和措施。
9. Which is a goal of wildlife conservation according to the text？
A. To stop introducing invasive species.
B. To encourage harmonious coexistence.
C. To control the number of world people.
D. To increase the use of natural resources.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，野生动物保护
旨在确保动植物的生存，教育人类与其他物种和谐共处。
10. What is the biggest threat to wildlife？
A. Hunting. B. Human activity.
C. Pollution. D. Climate change.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段中的The number of people
has grown ...of people on the planet.可知，人类活动是野生动植物
的最大威胁。
11. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？
A. The activities of protection areas.
B. The importance of biodiversity promotion.
C. The relevant efforts of international organizations.
D. The great impact of wildlife crimes on ecosystems.
解析：　段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段介绍了一些
国际组织在保护野生动植物方面做出的努力。
12. What does the author want to present in the last paragraph？
A. The necessity of legislation.
B. The wildlife conservation’s achievements.
C. The individuals’ contributions to the environment.
D. The statistics about the wildlife conservation efforts.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者在最后一
段向我们呈现了一些个人对环境作出的贡献。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　As university doors opened in September for a new year， an
estimated six million people across the world took to the streets in a
historic week of climate action.For freshers starting a new chapter at
university， deciding how to live your life is vital. 　13　
　　What you put on your plate matters.Meat and dairy consumption
results in excessive （过度的） land use， industrial emissions，
water use and deforestation. 　14　 Therefore， a meat-free diet has
been recommended as the “single-biggest way” an individual can
reduce their impact on the planet.
　　 　15　 Keeping your clothes for as long as possible has more than
just monetary value.In the UK， clothing has the fourth-largest
environmental impact after housing， transport and food.So recycle
your clothes or mend them.
　　Change your habits. 　16　 There are simple ways you can change
your habits to live sustainably.Wash your clothes at a lower
temperature， and choose a bamboo toothbrush or more eco-friendly
sanitary （卫生的） products.If you’re planning a weekend away with
friends， try to travel by train or bus.
　　Individual actions matter， as they demonstrate commitment and
provide an alternative to how we can live.But campaigning is
important， too. 　17　 If you don’t know where or how to start， see
if there are any societies at your university.Students of the Fossil Free
campaign， for example， have brought on huge changes by calling
on their institutions to stop using fossil fuels.
A. Forget fast fashion.
B. Behave yourself in public.
C. While shopping， turn up with your own container.
D. University campus can be a perfect place for this.
E. Cutting out meat is an easy way to reduce your carbon footprint.
F. Here are some ideas about how you can be sustainable as a student.
G. For freshers， living alone means doing your own washing，
cooking and cleaning.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大学生如何开始环
保生活。
13. F　根据空前一句和下文可知，下文主要是介绍大学生如何开始环
保生活的建议。F项承上启下，符合语境。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大学生如何开始环
保生活。
14. E　本段就学生盘中的食物方面给出建议。根据空前一句可知，对
肉类和奶制品的消费会导致过度的土地使用、工业废气排放、水资源
浪费和沙漠化。E项符合语境。
15. A　根据文章结构可知，本句是一个段落主旨句。根据段落主旨句
的特点（祈使句）和下文内容可知，A项符合语境。
16. G　根据本段首句和下文可知，本段就如何改变学生的日常生活
习惯方面提出建议。G项符合语境。
17. D　根据上文But campaigning is important， too.可知，本段主要
是强调在保持环保生活习惯方面，各种学生运动所起的作用。D项符
合语境。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　你校学生会需招聘一名留学生做英语学习顾问，请你以短文形式
写一则招聘广告，内容包括：
　　1. 母语是英语，且汉语流利者优先；
　　2. 可以解答英语学习问题，协助组织英语活动；
　　3. 每周工作四小时，报酬面议；
　　4. 联系人：李华（Tel：13012345678）。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
参考词汇：顾问adviser
An English Study Adviser Wanted
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
The Students’ Union
参考范文：
An English Study Adviser Wanted
　　The Students’ Union needs a foreign student to work as an
English study adviser next term.The main duties of the adviser include
helping students to practise their oral English， answering
questions， and helping organize activities such as English evenings or
lectures on interesting topics.
　　A native speaker of English with fluent Chinese is preferred.The
adviser is expected to work 4 hours per week.
　　If you are interested， please call Li Hua at 13012345678 for an
interview.Payment for the service will be discussed during the
interview.
The Students’ Union
谢谢观看！

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