资源简介

Section Ⅳ　Writing a job advertisement
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　Politicians and the public tend to worry about carbon dioxide （CO2） emissions （排放） but neglect the effects of cutting methane （甲烷）.Actually， dealing with the gas would have a large effect rapidly and at relatively low cost.
　　Human activity emits far less methane than carbon dioxide， but methane has a heavier impact.Over the course of 20 years， a ton of the gas will warm the atmosphere about 86 times more than a ton of CO2.As a result， methane is responsible for 23％ of the rise in temperatures since preindustrial times.Carbon dioxide gets most of the attention， but unless methane emissions are limited， there is little hope of controlling the climate.
　　By how much do methane emissions need to fall？ Carbon dioxide stays in the atmosphere for centuries， making it hard to reduce its atmospheric concentrations （浓度）.By contrast， methane has a half-life of roughly ten years， which means that it degrades quickly.If new emissions can be cut to below the rate at which old emissions reduce， the concentration of methane in the atmosphere will soon fall， slowing global warming.The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change estimates that， to keep temperatures between 1.5℃ and 2℃ above preindustrial levels， human methane emissions must drop to 35％ below where they stood in 2010 by midcentury.
　　That is entirely possible.A big step would be to stop millions of tons of methane from leaking out of fossil-fuel infrastructure each year， through pipes with holes， leaky valves and carelessness.The International Energy Agency， a global forecaster， estimates that 40％ of methane emissions from fossil fuels， equal to 9％ of all human methane emissions， can be got rid of at no net cost for firms.The harder task is to reduce emissions from agriculture， but even here farmers can make use of new ideas， including developing new forms of food for farm animals， and changing how rice is watered.
1.What does the underlined word “neglect” in Paragraph 1 probably mean？
A.Ignore. B.Blame.
C.Value. D.Delay.
2.What does the author intend to communicate in Paragraph 2？
A.A less serious threat to global warming.
B.The little hope of controlling the climate.
C.People’s more attention on carbon dioxide.
D.The urgent need to reduce methane emissions.
3.Why does the author call attention to methane emissions？
A.They are the only hope of controlling the climate.
B.Their atmospheric concentrations are hard to reduce.
C.Their impact on the climate is huge but manageable.
D.They stay in the atmosphere longer than carbon dioxide.
4.Which source of methane emissions is more difficult to reduce according to the text？
A.Coal mining. B.Rice farming.
C.Fuel burning. D.Oil leaking.
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　In October 2015， Shah began picking up rubbish from the beach every Sunday morning.At first， it was just him and a neighbour， and then he began 　5　 others to join in.Word spread and with help from social media， more volunteers got involved.
　　Shah hasn’t stopped since.He has now spent 209 weekends 　6　 himself to this mission， inspiring more than 200，000 　7　 to join him in what’s been called the world’s biggest beach cleanup.By October 2018， Versova Beach was 　8　 clean and Shah’s cleanups expanded to another 　9　 as well as a stretch of the Mithi River and other regions of India.
　　For Shah， the work has always been a personal journey， but it has earned 　10　 attention.After he was 　11　 as a Champion of the Earth by the United Nations in 2016， Bollywood celebrities and politicians accepted his mission and joined in his cleanups.
　　Today， Shah is also working with coastal communities to 　12　 plastic pollution at one of the sources.In areas lacking waste management systems， rubbish often ends up in streams and rivers that empty into the 　13　.Shah and his volunteers 　14　 and assist villagers in reducing， managing and recycling their plastic waste.
　　“This world 　15　 too much.I think you must talk less and do action 　16　，” he said.“Every citizen on this planet must be in for a long pull.I feel the 　17　 to do something for my planet， so this will 　18　 for life.If each one could start， this journey could become 　19　.Can we do it together？”
5.A.asking　　　　　 B.ordering
C.warning D.forcing
6.A.comparing B.adapting
C.relating D.devoting
7.A.workers B.volunteers
C.journalists D.clerks
8.A.originally B.finally
C.suddenly D.theoretically
9.A.park B.bank
C.beach D.market
10.A.global B.local
C.national D.coastal
11.A.described B.honoured
C.opposed D.elected
12.A.make B.discuss
C.throw D.handle
13.A.ocean B.factory
C.mountain D.forest
14.A.protect B.control
C.scold D.educate
15.A.talks B.complains
C.thinks D.argues
16.A.earlier B.faster
C.more D.better
17.A.pity B.need
C.pain D.effect
18.A.come on B.get on
C.look on D.go on
19.A.great B.complex
C.complete D.difficult
Ⅲ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　Helen and her family moved to a new location in the city.Helen was excited because most of her friends lived in the same street.
　　It was the first morning in their new house.She woke up early that day and went out on her balcony （阳台）.She was expecting wonderful， lovely birds and beautiful greenery with fresh air， but instead it was the complete opposite.There was garbage right outside their front gate.There were no trees and instead of the sweet chirping （鸟叫声） of birds， there were annoying traffic noises.Helen was angry.“What is this？ Why can’t someone do anything about it？” she thought.She went inside the living room.She sat at the dining table， thinking about what she could do about the pollution in her locality.
　　The next day at school， she went into her class and asked loudly， “Who’s fed up with stinking garbage？” This caught many students’ attention.“Who’s fed up with air pollution and the diseases spread by it？” This time many students answered， “Me！” Helen smiled and then said， “We must clean our surroundings.So help me get rid of the garbage.Help me pick it up！ That’s the best thing we can do.We will all go to other classes and ask if they want to join us.I am sure as long as we work together， our community will become a better place！”
　　In the break time， they all went to other classes， and by the end of the school day， Helen had gathered almost 25 students ready to help her.The day before cleaning， the students took out their pocket money and bought garbage bags， masks and gloves.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
　　The big day came and the students gathered at the school gate.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　Soon the headmaster knew what the students did.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Section Ⅳ　Writing a job advertisement
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了甲烷排放对气候变暖的影响以及人们可以采取的应对策略。
1.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子可知，画线词上下文之间是转折关系。画线词与worry about相对，意为“忽视”，与A项意思相近。
2.D　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，在20年间，甲烷的暖化效应是二氧化碳的86倍。全球气温上升的23％是由甲烷排放造成的，甲烷的影响更大。因此，作者想要表达的是减少甲烷排放的紧迫性。
3.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的By contrast ...slowing global warming.可知，作者呼吁人们关注甲烷排放是因为甲烷排放虽然影响巨大却可处理。
4.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，减少农业排放是减少甲烷排放中更困难的任务，说明水稻种植产生的甲烷排放较难减少。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“地球卫士”沙阿和他的海滩清理行动，他的事迹激励了无数人参与到这项环保运动中来。
5.A　根据语境可知，起初，只有沙阿和他的一个邻居在海滩上捡垃圾，下文more volunteers got involved说明后来沙阿开始邀请其他人加入捡垃圾的活动中。
6.D　根据语境可知，沙阿从此就没有停止过，因此他已经花了209个周末致力于这项工作。
7.B　根据上文中的volunteers可知，参与海滩清理行动的人都是志愿者。
8.B　根据上文中的In October 2015及空前的By October 2018可知，此处说的是三年的清理工作取得的成果——维索瓦海滩终于被清理干净了。
9.C　根据上文中的the world’s biggest beach cleanup可知，这项活动被称为世界上最大的海滩清理行动，因此清理完维索瓦海滩的垃圾后沙阿和他的伙伴们又转向其他海滩。
10.A　根据上文中的the world’s biggest beach cleanup可知，沙阿的清理行动被称为世界上最大的海滩清理行动，下文又说2016年他被联合国授予“地球卫士”称号，这说明沙阿的海滩清理行动赢得了全球的关注。
11.B　根据空后的a Champion of the Earth可知，沙阿被联合国授予“地球卫士”称号。
12.D　根据空后的plastic pollution at one of the sources可知，沙阿与沿海社区合作从源头上解决了塑料污染问题。handle“处理，解决”。
13.A　根据空前的rubbish often ends up in streams and rivers that empty into可知，垃圾经常被排放到小溪和河流中，而这些小溪和河流往往流入海洋。
14.D　根据空后的and assist villagers in reducing， managing and recycling their plastic waste可知，沙阿和他的志愿者教育和帮助村民减少、管理和回收他们的塑料垃圾。
15.A　根据空后的talk less可知，此处指“说得太多”。
16.C　此处与前面的talk less相对，指“多做事”。
17.B　根据空后的do something for my planet可知，沙阿觉得他有必要为地球做点什么。
18.D　根据空后的for life可知，沙阿会终身致力于这项工作。
19.A　根据空前的If each one could start可知，如果每个人都能参与进来，这个旅程将会变得更美妙。
Ⅲ.
　　The big day came and the students gathered at the school gate.Helen could feel the excitement and determination in the air.They were all ready to make a difference in their community by cleaning up the garbage that was polluting their surroundings.The students split up into smaller groups and began their clean-up mission.They wore their masks and gloves to protect themselves and diligently filled garbage bags with the litter that had been accumulating in their community for far too long.
　　Soon the headmaster knew what the students did.He initially seemed surprised by the sight of students voluntarily cleaning up their surroundings.However， as he approached the group， his surprise turned into admiration.He commended their initiative and determination to make a positive change in their community.The headmaster gathered the school staff and other students to join the clean-up effort.The school’s compound became a bustling place as everyone pitched in， collecting trash that had been neglected for months.At the end of the day， the school’s surroundings looked almost unrecognizable.The once filled streets and overflowing garbage cans were now clean and inviting.The students stood side by side， proud of their accomplishments.
3 / 3Section Ⅳ　Writing a job advertisement
Step 1　品教材课文 Step 2　析写作手法
Taihu， China’s third-largest freshwater lake， needs you！ 　　●Environmental worker，full-time from 1 June to 30 September 　　●Taihu Lake， Wuxi， Jiangsu Province 　　●Monitoring the area for algae； working on ships removing algae from water 　　●Salary negotiable； accommodation and meals provided 　　All applications welcome， but preference will be given to those with diving qualifications. 　　*Visit our website for a detailed job description. ●Job 　　使用名词短语描述具体工作，简洁、明了。 ●Location 　　从小到大罗列地点名词，符合英语习惯。 ●Responsibilities 　　使用动词-ing短语描述具体的职责。 ●Benefits 　　使用省略，降低用人单位的广告成本，也有利于应聘者更好地把握招聘信息的重点。 　　祈使句的使用是广告的句法特征之一。
Step 3　背出彩佳句
一、夺人眼球开头句
Our school has an exciting opportunity for ...to do ...
我们学校有一个令人兴奋的机会让……做……
二、亮点出彩篇中句
1.The main responsibility of the position is to help review a number of submissions and pick out the best ones.
岗位的主要职责是帮助浏览大量的投稿，挑选出优秀作品。
2.Anyone who is keen on English writing and capable of word processing is expected to apply.
期待喜欢英语写作和能进行文字编辑的任何人申请。
3.Excellent English is what makes you a good qualified editor.
出色的英语是让你成为一名合格编辑的关键。
4.Your previous experience is preferred but not a must.
有工作经验者优先，但是工作经验不是必需条件。
三、韵味无穷结尾句
1.Those who are interested in the job and meet the requirements don’t hesitate to contact us by sending your email to Englishnews@ or just call us at 0575-86230888.
对这个工作感兴趣并且符合要求的，请不要犹豫，发送邮件到Englishnews@或拨打电话0575-86230888联系我们。
2.Come and prove your excellence！
来证明你的优秀吧！
根据下表信息，写一则招聘广告。
工作及工作时间 儿童冬令营助教，晚上和周末的工作，两周时间
工作地点 山东省济南市
工作要求 和儿童以及来自英国的本土教师一起工作；课上只准讲英语
薪资待遇 工资面议；提供食宿
联系方式 Smith 2024@
一、审题谋篇，结构分明
1.标题：冬令营需要你；
2.工作及工作时间：儿童冬令营助教，晚上和周末的工作，两周时间；
3.工作地点：山东省济南市；
4.工作要求：和儿童以及来自英国的本土教师一起工作；课上只准讲英语；
5.薪资待遇：工资面议；提供食宿；
6.联系方式：Smith 2024@。
二、要点陈述，语言规范
1.儿童冬令营助教，晚上和周末的工作，两周时间
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.和儿童以及来自英国的本土教师一起工作；课上只准讲英语
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.工资面议；提供食宿
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.更多信息，请写信给史密斯先生（Smith 2024@）。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
三、检查誊写，卷面整洁
　　按照招聘广告的一般行文顺序，组织成文。
Winter Camp needs you！
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
动作 描写 wander v.徘徊；闲逛 preference n.优先（权）；偏爱 disturb v.干扰，扰乱
细节 描写 steadily adv.平稳地 delicate adj.脆弱的 genuine adj.真的，真正的；真诚的 splendid adj.壮丽的
　　请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成下面语段。
　　一天，我正在街上闲逛，突然看到一则关于成人教育课程的广告。作为一个78岁的老人，我抬起头，面带微笑，稳稳地走进了教师办公室，说：“很抱歉打扰您，但我想报名参加这门课程。”一位四十多岁的女老师睁大了眼睛，满脸惊讶。她停顿了一下，说：“当然，先生，欢迎您，请跟我来！”我走进教室，坐了下来，感到一种自豪感。我低声对自己说：“对于一个真正的学习者来说，学习永远都不会太晚。”
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Section Ⅳ　Writing a job advertisement
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.Assistant teacher for Children’s winter camp， work evenings and weekends for 2 weeks
2.Work with children；work with native teachers from England； English-only classes
3.Salary negotiable； accommodation and meals provided
4.For more information， write to Mr Smith （Smith 2024@）.
三、
Winter Camp needs you！
　　·Assistant teacher for Children’s winter camp， work evenings and weekends for 2 weeks
　　·Jinan， Shandong Province
　　·Work with children；work with native teachers from England； English-only classes
　　·Salary negotiable； accommodation and meals provided
　　For more information， write to Mr Smith （Smith 2024@）.
【教材词汇·练续写】
　　One day，I was wandering in the street when I saw an advertisement about adult education classes.As a 78-year-old man， I raised my head， wore a smile，and walked steadily into the teachers’ office.“I’m sorry to disturb you， but I want to sign up for the class，”I said.A woman teacher well past forty widened her eyes， surprise written all over her face.“Of course， gentleman， welcome，” she responded after a pause.“Come with me，please！” Entering the classroom， I sat down and felt a sense of pride.“It’s never too late for a genuine learner to learn，” I whispered to myself.
1 / 3(共47张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　Writing a job advertisement
1
细品课文·学手法
目 录
4
课时检测·提能力
3
演练佳作·写美文
2
演练佳作·写美文
1
细品课文·学手法
培养思维品质
Step 1　品教材课文
Taihu， China’s third-largest freshwater lake， needs you！
　　●Environmental worker，full-time from 1 June to 30 September
　　●Taihu Lake， Wuxi， Jiangsu Province
　　●Monitoring the area for algae； working on ships removing
algae from water
　　●Salary negotiable； accommodation and meals provided
　　All applications welcome， but preference will be given to those
with diving qualifications.
*Visit our website for a detailed job description.
Step 2　析写作手法
●Job
　　使用名词短语描述具体工作，简洁、明了。
●Location
　　从小到大罗列地点名词，符合英语习惯。
●Responsibilities
　　使用动词-ing短语描述具体的职责。
●Benefits
　　使用省略，降低用人单位的广告成本，也有利于应聘者更好地把
握招聘信息的重点。
　　祈使句的使用是广告的句法特征之一。
　　
Step 3　背出彩佳句
一、夺人眼球开头句
Our school has an exciting opportunity for ...to do ...
我们学校有一个令人兴奋的机会让……做……
二、亮点出彩篇中句
1. The main responsibility of the position is to help review a number of
submissions and pick out the best ones.
岗位的主要职责是帮助浏览大量的投稿，挑选出优秀作品。
2. Anyone who is keen on English writing and capable of word
processing is expected to apply.
期待喜欢英语写作和能进行文字编辑的任何人申请。
3. Excellent English is what makes you a good qualified editor.
出色的英语是让你成为一名合格编辑的关键。
4. Your previous experience is preferred but not a must.
有工作经验者优先，但是工作经验不是必需条件。
三、韵味无穷结尾句
1. Those who are interested in the job and meet the requirements don’t
hesitate to contact us by sending your email to
Englishnews@ or just call us at 0575-86230888.
对这个工作感兴趣并且符合要求的，请不要犹豫，发送邮件到
Englishnews@或拨打电话0575-86230888联系我们。
2. Come and prove your excellence！
来证明你的优秀吧！
2
演练佳作·写美文
奠定写作功底
根据下表信息，写一则招聘广告。
工作及工作时间 儿童冬令营助教，晚上和周末的工作，两周时间
工作地点 山东省济南市
工作要求 和儿童以及来自英国的本土教师一起工作；课上只准讲英语
薪资待遇 工资面议；提供食宿
联系方式 Smith 2024@
一、审题谋篇，结构分明
1. 标题：冬令营需要你；
2. 工作及工作时间：儿童冬令营助教，晚上和周末的工作，两周
时间；
3. 工作地点：山东省济南市；
4. 工作要求：和儿童以及来自英国的本土教师一起工作；课上只准讲
英语；
5. 薪资待遇：工资面议；提供食宿；
6. 联系方式：Smith 2024@。
二、要点陈述，语言规范
1. 儿童冬令营助教，晚上和周末的工作，两周时间


2. 和儿童以及来自英国的本土教师一起工作；课上只准讲英语


　Assistant teacher for Children’s winter camp， work evenings
and weekends for 2 weeks　
　Work with children；work with native teachers from England；
English-only classes　
3. 工资面议；提供食宿

Salary negotiable； accommodation and meals provided　
4. 更多信息，请写信给史密斯先生（Smith 2024@）。


　For more information， write to Mr Smith （Smith
2024@）.　
三、检查誊写，卷面整洁
　　按照招聘广告的一般行文顺序，组织成文。
Winter Camp needs you！
　　

　　
　　

　　
　　

　　 　·Assistant teacher for Children’s winter camp， work evenings
and weekends for 2 weeks　
·Jinan， Shandong Province　
　　 　·Work with children；work with native teachers from
England； English-only classes　
·Salary negotiable； accommodation and meals provided　
　　 　For more information， write to Mr Smith （Smith
2024@）.　
3
教材词汇·练续写
体现学以致用
动
作 描
写 wander v.徘徊；闲逛
preference n.优先（权）；偏爱
disturb v.干扰，扰乱
细
节 描
写 steadily adv.平稳地
delicate adj.脆弱的
genuine adj.真的，真正的；真诚的
splendid adj.壮丽的
　　请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成下
面语段。
　　一天，我正在街上闲逛，突然看到一则关于成人教育课程的广
告。作为一个78岁的老人，我抬起头，面带微笑，稳稳地走进了教师
办公室，说：“很抱歉打扰您，但我想报名参加这门课程。”一位四十
多岁的女老师睁大了眼睛，满脸惊讶。她停顿了一下，说：“当然，
先生，欢迎您，请跟我来！”我走进教室，坐了下来，感到一种自豪
感。我低声对自己说：“对于一个真正的学习者来说，学习永远都不
会太晚。”
　　









　　 　One day，I was wandering in the street when I saw an
advertisement about adult education classes.As a 78-year-old man， I
raised my head， wore a smile，and walked steadily into the teachers’
office.“I’m sorry to disturb you， but I want to sign up for the
class，”I said.A woman teacher well past forty widened her eyes，
surprise written all over her face.“Of course， gentleman，
welcome，” she responded after a pause.“Come with me，please！”
Entering the classroom， I sat down and felt a sense of pride.“It’s
never too late for a genuine learner to learn，” I whispered to
myself.　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　Politicians and the public tend to worry about carbon dioxide
（CO2） emissions （排放） but the effects of cutting
methane （甲烷）.Actually， dealing with the gas would have a large
effect rapidly and at relatively low cost.
neglect　
　　Human activity emits far less methane than carbon dioxide， but
methane has a heavier impact.Over the course of 20 years， a ton of
the gas will warm the atmosphere about 86 times more than a ton of
CO2.As a result， methane is responsible for 23％ of the rise in
temperatures since preindustrial times.Carbon dioxide gets most of the
attention， but unless methane emissions are limited， there is little
hope of controlling the climate.
　　By how much do methane emissions need to fall？ Carbon dioxide
stays in the atmosphere for centuries， making it hard to reduce its
atmospheric concentrations （浓度）.By contrast， methane has a
half-life of roughly ten years， which means that it degrades quickly.If
new emissions can be cut to below the rate at which old emissions
reduce， the concentration of methane in the atmosphere will soon
fall， slowing global warming.The Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change estimates that， to keep temperatures between 1.5℃
and 2℃ above preindustrial levels， human methane emissions must
drop to 35％ below where they stood in 2010 by midcentury.
　　That is entirely possible.A big step would be to stop millions of
tons of methane from leaking out of fossil-fuel infrastructure each
year， through pipes with holes， leaky valves and carelessness.The
International Energy Agency， a global forecaster， estimates that 40
％ of methane emissions from fossil fuels， equal to 9％ of all human
methane emissions， can be got rid of at no net cost for firms.The
harder task is to reduce emissions from agriculture， but even here
farmers can make use of new ideas， including developing new forms
of food for farm animals， and changing how rice is watered.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了甲烷排放对气候变
暖的影响以及人们可以采取的应对策略。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了甲烷排放对气候变
暖的影响以及人们可以采取的应对策略。
1. What does the underlined word “neglect” in Paragraph 1 probably
mean？
A. Ignore. B. Blame.
C. Value. D. Delay.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子可知，画线词上下文
之间是转折关系。画线词与worry about相对，意为“忽视”，与A项
意思相近。
2. What does the author intend to communicate in Paragraph 2？
A. A less serious threat to global warming.
B. The little hope of controlling the climate.
C. People’s more attention on carbon dioxide.
D. The urgent need to reduce methane emissions.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，在20年间，甲烷的
暖化效应是二氧化碳的86倍。全球气温上升的23％是由甲烷排放造
成的，甲烷的影响更大。因此，作者想要表达的是减少甲烷排放的
紧迫性。
3. Why does the author call attention to methane emissions？
A. They are the only hope of controlling the climate.
B. Their atmospheric concentrations are hard to reduce.
C. Their impact on the climate is huge but manageable.
D. They stay in the atmosphere longer than carbon dioxide.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段中的By contrast ...slowing
global warming.可知，作者呼吁人们关注甲烷排放是因为甲烷排放
虽然影响巨大却可处理。
4. Which source of methane emissions is more difficult to reduce
according to the text？
A. Coal mining. B. Rice farming.
C. Fuel burning. D. Oil leaking.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，减少农业排
放是减少甲烷排放中更困难的任务，说明水稻种植产生的甲烷排放
较难减少。
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　In October 2015， Shah began picking up rubbish from the beach
every Sunday morning.At first， it was just him and a neighbour，
and then he began 　5　 others to join in.Word spread and with help
from social media， more volunteers got involved.
　　Shah hasn’t stopped since.He has now spent 209 weekends 　6　
himself to this mission， inspiring more than 200，000 　7　 to join
him in what’s been called the world’s biggest beach cleanup.By
October 2018， Versova Beach was 　8　 clean and Shah’s cleanups
expanded to another 　9　 as well as a stretch of the Mithi River and
other regions of India.
　　For Shah， the work has always been a personal journey， but it
has earned 　10　 attention.After he was 　11　 as a Champion of the
Earth by the United Nations in 2016， Bollywood celebrities and
politicians accepted his mission and joined in his cleanups.
　　Today， Shah is also working with coastal communities to 　12　
plastic pollution at one of the sources.In areas lacking waste
management systems， rubbish often ends up in streams and rivers
that empty into the 　13　.Shah and his volunteers 　14　 and assist
villagers in reducing， managing and recycling their plastic waste.
　　“This world 　15　 too much.I think you must talk less and do
action 　16　，” he said.“Every citizen on this planet must be in for a
long pull.I feel the 　17　 to do something for my planet， so this
will 　18　 for life.If each one could start， this journey could
become 　19　.Can we do it together？”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“地球卫士”沙阿和他的
海滩清理行动，他的事迹激励了无数人参与到这项环保运动中来。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“地球卫士”沙阿和他的
海滩清理行动，他的事迹激励了无数人参与到这项环保运动中来。
5. A. asking B. ordering
C. warning D. forcing
解析：　根据语境可知，起初，只有沙阿和他的一个邻居在海滩
上捡垃圾，下文more volunteers got involved说明后来沙阿开始邀
请其他人加入捡垃圾的活动中。
6. A. comparing B. adapting
C. relating D. devoting
解析：　根据语境可知，沙阿从此就没有停止过，因此他已经花
了209个周末致力于这项工作。
7. A. workers B. volunteers
C. journalists D. clerks
解析：　根据上文中的volunteers可知，参与海滩清理行动的人都
是志愿者。
8. A. originally B. finally
C. suddenly D. theoretically
解析：　根据上文中的In October 2015及空前的By October 2018
可知，此处说的是三年的清理工作取得的成果——维索瓦海滩终于
被清理干净了。
9. A. park B. bank C. beach D. market
解析：　根据上文中的the world’s biggest beach cleanup可知，这
项活动被称为世界上最大的海滩清理行动，因此清理完维索瓦海滩
的垃圾后沙阿和他的伙伴们又转向其他海滩。
10. A. global B. local
C. national D. coastal
解析：　根据上文中的the world’s biggest beach cleanup可知，
沙阿的清理行动被称为世界上最大的海滩清理行动，下文又说
2016年他被联合国授予“地球卫士”称号，这说明沙阿的海滩清理
行动赢得了全球的关注。
11. A. described B. honoured
C. opposed D. elected
解析：　根据空后的a Champion of the Earth可知，沙阿被联合
国授予“地球卫士”称号。
12. A. make B. discuss
C. throw D. handle
解析：　根据空后的plastic pollution at one of the sources可知，
沙阿与沿海社区合作从源头上解决了塑料污染问题。handle“处
理，解决”。
13. A. ocean B. factory
C. mountain D. forest
解析：　根据空前的rubbish often ends up in streams and rivers
that empty into可知，垃圾经常被排放到小溪和河流中，而这些小
溪和河流往往流入海洋。
14. A. protect B. control
C. scold D. educate
解析：　根据空后的and assist villagers in reducing， managing
and recycling their plastic waste可知，沙阿和他的志愿者教育和帮
助村民减少、管理和回收他们的塑料垃圾。
15. A. talks B. complains
C. thinks D. argues
解析：　根据空后的talk less可知，此处指“说得太多”。
16. A. earlier B. faster C. more D. better
解析：　此处与前面的talk less相对，指“多做事”。
17. A. pity B. need C. pain D. effect
解析：　根据空后的do something for my planet可知，沙阿觉得
他有必要为地球做点什么。
18. A. come on B. get on
C. look on D. go on
19. A. great B. complex
C. complete D. difficult
解析：　根据空后的for life可知，沙阿会终身致力于这项工作。
解析：　根据空前的If each one could start可知，如果每个人都
能参与进来，这个旅程将会变得更美妙。
Ⅲ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
　　Helen and her family moved to a new location in the city.Helen
was excited because most of her friends lived in the same street.
　　It was the first morning in their new house.She woke up early that
day and went out on her balcony （阳台）.She was expecting
wonderful， lovely birds and beautiful greenery with fresh air， but
instead it was the complete opposite.There was garbage right outside
their front gate.There were no trees and instead of the sweet chirping
（鸟叫声） of birds， there were annoying traffic noises.Helen was
angry.“What is this？ Why can’t someone do anything about it？” she
thought.She went inside the living room.She sat at the dining table，
thinking about what she could do about the pollution in her locality.
　　The next day at school， she went into her class and asked
loudly， “Who’s fed up with stinking garbage？” This caught many
students’ attention.“Who’s fed up with air pollution and the diseases
spread by it？” This time many students answered， “Me！” Helen
smiled and then said， “We must clean our surroundings.So help me
get rid of the garbage.Help me pick it up！ That’s the best thing we
can do.We will all go to other classes and ask if they want to join us.I
am sure as long as we work together， our community will become a
better place！”
　　In the break time， they all went to other classes， and by the
end of the school day， Helen had gathered almost 25 students ready
to help her.The day before cleaning， the students took out their
pocket money and bought garbage bags， masks and gloves.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
　　The big day came and the students gathered at the school gate. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　Soon the headmaster knew what the students did. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
　　The big day came and the students gathered at the school
gate.Helen could feel the excitement and determination in the air.They
were all ready to make a difference in their community by cleaning up
the garbage that was polluting their surroundings.The students split
up into smaller groups and began their clean-up mission.They wore
their masks and gloves to protect themselves and diligently filled
garbage bags with the litter that had been accumulating in their
community for far too long.
　　Soon the headmaster knew what the students did.He initially
seemed surprised by the sight of students voluntarily cleaning up their
surroundings.However， as he approached the group， his surprise
turned into admiration.He commended their initiative and
determination to make a positive change in their community.The
headmaster gathered the school staff and other students to join the
clean-up effort.The school’s compound became a bustling place as
everyone pitched in， collecting trash that had been neglected for
months.At the end of the day， the school’s surroundings looked
almost unrecognizable.The once filled streets and overflowing garbage
cans were now clean and inviting.The students stood side by side，
proud of their accomplishments.
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