资源简介

Section Ⅱ　Using language
维度一：基础题型练
单句语法填空
1.Three thousand dollars 　　　　　　（be） quite a lot of money for a boy.
2.A group of sheep 　　　　　　（be） eating grass and leaves at the foot of the hill.
3.All the furniture in the room 　　　　　　（buy） last week.
4.The rich 　　　　　　for the plan， while the poor 　　　　　　against it.（be）
5.A new pair of glasses 　　　　　　（buy） yesterday for her by her friend.
6. The audience 　　　　　　（be） so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the hall.
7.Lisa’s family 　　　　　　in this city for about sixteen years and her family 　　　　　　all fond of music. （be）
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　 of communicating with a stranger.
同陌生人交流有很多种方法。
2.Mathematics 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
数学是我最喜欢的学科之一。
3.Eighty dollars 　　　　　　　　for the skirt.
八十美元够买这条裙子。
4.The police 　　　　　　　　　a tall dark man with a beard.
警方正在寻找一个高个子、皮肤黝黑、留着胡子的人。
5.When I telephoned yesterday，the family 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我昨天打电话时，那一家人正在吃晚饭。
6.Three years 　　　　　　　　since they met last time， and for them， three years 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
距离他们上次见面已经过去了三年，对他们来说，三年真的是很长时间。
维度三：语法与语篇
用所给单词的适当形式完成下面短文。
The wounded 1.　　　　　　 （be） wearing glasses.They 2.　　　　　　 （be） reading the Arabian Nights， which 3.　　　　　　 （be） a very interesting story-book.Just then， a herd of cattle came from the distance， with furniture on their backs， which 4.　　　　 （be） worth 30，000 dollars.This means of transportation 5.　　　　　　 （be） the most convenient one here， because more than 80 percent of the land 6.　　　　　　 （cover） with grass.Cattle 7.　　　　　　 （be） common here.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Kateryna Shcherbyna has been worried since the war broke out.As a horse owner and trainer， she saw that her horses were having trouble getting grain and hay （草料）. “The problem that arose with the beginning of the war was the delivery of horses’ feed，” Shcherbyna tells Treehugger， a website. “It’s hard to have all the year stock of hay at the place； the land is quite expensive around here.”
　　Typically， stables （马房） keep their feed as distantly as 250 miles from the barn （棚舍）. “That’s why it was impossible to bring a big truck with the feed to our area during the war. It was dangerous because of the bombs and an enormous number of block posts everywhere，” she says.
　　Shcherbyna came up with an idea to get a small bus to at least bring small amounts of feed to each stable. A friend brought her a minibus. Then， she drove almost every day to bring hay and grain from the stock not far from her home to the stables she was able to reach.
　　Besides， Shcherbyna created Help Ukrainian Horses， a Facebook group where people could ask for or offer assistance. While volunteers were able to help the animals that were still in stables， there were other horses that had to live on their own when their owners ran away for safety. “There were a lot of stables on the line of the fire and the only way to be safe was to release horses and get away as fast as possible. It was not possible to take care of them. There were military actions，” Shcherbyna says.
　　Shcherbyna， who is hoping to find a horse-related position abroad， says she has stayed safe so far.“Luckily， I didn’t get shot during my drives. Although there were some battle planes flying above us， I was lucky enough to live in a village where we did not have any military actions，” she says.
1.What has been bothering Shcherbyna during the war？（　　）
A.The rising land rent of her city.
B.The bomb damage to the stables.
C.The lack of feed for her horses.
D.The decline of her horse business.
2.How did Shcherbyna deal with her problem？（　　）
A.By finding barns nearby.
B.By making small deliveries.
C.By freeing horses in the wild.
D.By turning to other horse owners.
3.What does Shcherbyna probably think of the horse owners’ behavior during the war？（　　）
A.Understandable. B.Irresponsible.
C.Stupid. D.Creative.
4.What’s Kateryna Shcherbyna’s plan for the future？（　　）
A.Keeping horses in her village.
B.Saving more horses in the wild.
C.Getting a horse-related job abroad.
D.Expanding Help Ukrainian Horses.
B
　　On 26 January 1945， Audie Murphy and some 40 US troops sat shaking in the cold near the Alsatian town of Holtzwihr. Just after 2 p.m.， the stillness of winter was suddenly broken. In the distance， some 250 German troops and 6 tanks emerged from the woods.
　　At just 19 years old， the baby-faced Texan had already won two Silver Stars and the Distinguished Service Cross， and he was leading men 10 years his senior into battle.
　　Murphy knew that his men stood no chance against so large a force， so he instructed most of them to withdraw to pre-prepared defensive positions along a nearby tree line. As they ran for cover， he stayed behind and used his field telephone to call in an artillery strike. He did not have enough time to contact their artillery commander before salvos（齐射） of German tank fire erupted around him.
　　Murphy saw their tank destroyer slowly burning， but he saw that its machine was still operational. He quickly seized the gun and opened fire on the German troops nearest his position.
　　From their cover on the edge of the tree line， most of Murphy’s troops could only watch in shock. “I expected to see the whole tank destroyer blow up under him any minute，”Private Anthony Abramski later wrote. In fact， the blaze may have saved Murphy’s life. Many of the German troops and tank commanders couldn’t see him behind the smoke and flames.
　　Audie Murphy was called a national hero and awarded the Medal of Honor. Murphy returned home in June 1945. He later started a film career that included more than 40 credits， most of them in Westerns and war films. Reliving the horrors of combat in front of the camera proved difficult for Murphy， who had suffered from nightmares and flashbacks since returning home. He later urged the US government to provide better mental health care for its soldiers. He also hoped people would always live in peace.
5.What do we know about Murphy before the battle？（　　）
A.He wasn’t known to anyone.
B.He had received many awards.
C.He was the oldest in his troops.
D.He wasn’t thought highly of by others.
6.How did Murphy react when seeing the German troops？（　　）
A.He hesitated to take action.
B.He was too frightened to do anything.
C.He became excited and decided to attack.
D.He withdrew his troops to an unexposed position.
7.Which of the following played a role in saving Murphy’s life？（　　）
A.The cover of the nearby tree line.
B.The help offered by the artillery commander.
C.His being invisible behind smoke and flames.
D.His skill in operating the tank destroyer.
8.What can be inferred about Murphy’s post-war life？（　　）
A.He left the horrors of combat behind him.
B.He encouraged people to honor war heroes.
C.He greatly suffered mentally.
D.He failed to find a job.
C
　　Reading a new book of ancient stories translated by great writers， I was surprised to discover how widely the tale of the Trojan War has been told down the ages.A diverse range of authors have been moved to translate various versions of the classical myth （神话）.One reason the Trojan War has struck such a chord is that， besides being an excellent story， it has long been suspected to have actually happened.
It isn’t surprising that people have been convinced of the reality of the Trojan War.The cruel realities of battle are described so unflinchingly （果敢地） in The Iliad， an ancient Greek epic （史诗） by Homer， that it is hard to believe they were not based on observation.Troy， the ancient city located at Hisarlik in present-day Turkey， is described in such vivid colour in the epic that a reader cannot help but be transported to its splendid walls.
It was in fact the possibility of rediscovering Homer’s Troy that led the rich Prussian businessman， Heinrich Schliemann， to travel to Hisarlik in the late 19th century.Told of a possible location for the city， Schliemann began to dig， and uncovered a large number of ancient treasures， many of which are now on display at the British Museum.Although he initially thought many finds belonged to the period in which Homer set the Trojan War when they were in fact centuries older， he had dug the correct location.Most historians agree that ancient Troy was to be found at Hisarlik.Troy was real.
But a historic Trojan War would have been quite different from the one that dominates Homer’s epic.It is hard to imagine a war taking place on quite the scale the poet described， and lasting as long as 10 years when the citadel （城堡） was fairly small.Whether the Trojan War myth was inspired by a war waged long ago， or was just an original invention， it left its mark on the world， and is still of exceptional historic importance.
9.What does the underlined part “struck such a chord” in Paragraph 1 probably mean？（　　）
A.Made its name.
B.Spread the word.
C.Changed many people’s opinions.
D.Touched many people’s hearts.
10.What does Paragraph 2 tell us about the tale of the Trojan War described in The Iliad？（　　）
A.It is too true to life.
B.It falls short of details.
C.It is based on observation.
D.It focuses on brave soldiers.
11.What caused Heinrich Schliemann’s visit to Hisarlik？（　　）
A.His love for traveling.
B.The chance of finding Troy.
C.His ambition to expand his business.
D.The possibility of uncovering ancient treasures.
12.Which of the following can be the best title for the text？（　　）
A.Did the Trojan War Actually Happen？
B.Homer： a True “Influencer” Back Then
C.Ancient Troy： the City and the Legend
D.What Inspired Homer to Write The Iliad？
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2024·山东鄄城一中高二下月考）Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a 　13　 place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They discussed various matters all over the world.When the war was near， Alia was 　14　 that the fires of war would destroy the books， which are more 　15　to her than mountains of gold.The books are in every language — new books， ancient books， even a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.
　　She had asked the government for 　16　to move the books to a 　17　 place， but they refused.So Alia took matters into her own hands. 　18　， she brought books home every night， filling her car late after work. Her friends came to help her when the war broke out. Anis who owned a restaurant 　19　 to hide some books. All through the night， Alia， Anis， his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library， 　20　 them over the seven foot wall and 　21　them in the restaurant. The books stayed hidden as the war 　22　. Then nine days later， a fire burned the 　23　 to the ground.
　　One day， the bombing stopped and the 　24　 left. But the war was not over yet. Alia knew that if the books were to be safe， they must be 　25　 again while the city was 　26　. So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs （郊区）. Now Alia waited for the war to end and 　27　 peace and a new library.
13.（　）A.meeting B.working
C.personal D.religious
14.（　）A.worried B.angry
C.doubtful D.curious
15.（　）A.practical B.precious
C.reliable D.expensive
16.（　）A.permission B.confirmation
C.explanation D.information
17.（　）A.large B.public
C.distant D.safe
18.（　）A.Fortunately B.Surprisingly
C.Seriously D.Secretly
19.（　）A.intended B.pretended
C.happened D.agreed
20.（　）A.put B.opened
C.passed D.threw
21.（　）A.hid B.exchanged
C.burnt D.distributed
22.（　）A.approached B.erupted
C.continued D.ended
23.（　）A.restaurant B.library
C.city D.wall
24.（　）A.neighbours B.soldiers
C.friends D.customers
25.（　）A.sold B.read
C.saved D.moved
26.（　）A.occupied B.bombed
C.quiet D.busy
27.（　）A.dreamed of B.believed in
C.cared about D.looked for
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　Lover’s Grief over the Yellow River is a famous war film that describes the heroic struggles of Chinese soldiers during the Second Sino-Japanese War. Set in the background of the Yellow River， the film tells 28.　　　　　　 powerful story of love， courage and determination.
　　Directed by Feng Xiaoning， the film represents the emotional journey of a young couple 29.　　　　　　 （separate） by the war， and 30.　　　　　　 （vivid） shows their strong love and willpower to reunite， despite the chaos and devastation around them.
　　31.　　　　　　 artistic cinematography （电影摄影术） and storytelling， Lover’s Grief over the Yellow River brings the cruelty of war to life. It demonstrates the 32.　　　　　　 （brave） of Chinese soldiers as they fought 33.　　　　　　 （defend） their homeland， and the deep impact the war had on ordinary people.
　　Lover’s Grief over the Yellow River is not only a war film， but also proof of the 34.　　　　　　 （courage） spirit of the Chinese people. It serves as a reminder of the sacrifices made by those 35.　　　　　　 fought for their country’s freedom and the strength of love that 36.　　　　　　 （stand） the harshest circumstances.
This film 37.　　　　　 （touch） the hearts of audiences worldwide ever since it first appeared on the screen and this influence will surely continue on and on.
Section Ⅱ　Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.is　2.are　3.was bought　4.are； are　5.was bought
6.was/were　7.has been； are
维度二
1.There are various means
2.is one of my favorite subjects
3.is enough
4.are searching for
5.were having dinner
6.have passed； is really a long time
维度三
1.were　2.were　3.is　4.was　5.is　6.is covered　7.are
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了Kateryna Shcherbyna为处于战乱、缺粮少食的马匹运送粮草的故事。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的horses were having trouble getting grain and hay可知，由于战乱导致运输不畅，Shcherbyna 的马匹缺少粮草。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的Shcherbyna came up with an idea to get a small bus to at least bring small amounts of feed to each stable.可知， Shcherbyna打算通过少量多次的办法来运输粮草。
3.A　观点态度题。根据第四段中的the only way to be safe was to release horses and get away as fast as possible ... There were military actions可推知，Shcherbyna认为一些马的主人放生马匹并逃跑，这在战乱期间是可以理解的选择。
4.C　细节理解题。根据末段中的Shcherbyna， who is hoping to find a horse-related position abroad可知，Shcherbyna未来想要去国外找一份和马有关的工作。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了奥迪·墨菲在一次战役中的英勇行为。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，在这次战役前墨菲已经获得了很多奖。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句和As they ran for cover可知，墨菲让他的部队撤退到有掩护的地方。
7.C　细节理解题。根据第五段最后两句可知，墨菲身边的烟雾和战火使得敌军看不到他，因此他才得以幸存。
8.C　推理判断题。根据末段中的Reliving the horrors of combat in front of the camera proved difficult for Murphy，who had suffered from nightmares and flashbacks since returning home.可知，战后墨菲在精神上饱受折磨。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了特洛伊战争到底是神话还是真实的历史事件。
9.D　词义猜测题。根据画线部分前的内容可知，作者在阅读一本由多位伟大作家翻译的古代故事书时惊讶地发现，特洛伊战争的故事随处可见。众多作家都受到感动，翻译了这则古典神话的各种版本。由此可推知，画线部分指的是特洛伊战争能够“触动很多人的心弦”。
10.A　推理判断题。通读第二段可知，人们相信特洛伊战争是真实发生过的，这一点并不奇怪。由荷马创作的古希腊史诗《伊利亚特》描述了残酷的战争场景，那些描述如此果敢，让人很难相信它们不是基于观察来进行描写的。荷马对特洛伊古城的描述非常生动，仿佛把读者带入了这座古城。由此推知，《伊利亚特》中描述的特洛伊战争故事太过逼真。
11.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的It was in fact ... the late 19th century.可知，事实上，在19世纪后期，正是因为有发现特洛伊古城的可能性，普鲁士富商海因里希·施里曼才前往希沙里克。
12.A　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第一段首先介绍了特洛伊战争的故事引起了大家的共鸣，其中一个原因就是一直有人怀疑那场战争是真实发生过的；第二段和第三段介绍了很多人认为特洛伊战争是真实历史事件的原因；最后一段指出，实际情况与荷马描写的情况可能大不相同，但不论事实如何，特洛伊战争都具有特殊的历史意义。因此A项为本文最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公Alia Baker是一名图书管理员，在战争中，她在朋友的帮助下，先后两次转移图书，竭尽全力保护图书安全的故事。
13.A　根据上文可知，Alia Baker是图书管理员，热爱书籍的人应该是在她的图书馆见面，分享知识。meeting会面的；working工作上的；personal私人的；religious宗教的。
14.A　根据语境可知，当战争临近时，她担心战火会毁了这些书。worried担心的；angry生气的；doubtful怀疑的；curious好奇的。
15.B　Alia Baker担心战火会毁了这些书，由此可知，书在她心中是珍贵的，甚至比金山更珍贵。practical实际的；precious珍贵的；reliable可信赖的；expensive昂贵的。
16.A　根据下文but they refused可知，想要把书移到一个安全的地方，是需要得到政府的许可的。permission准许；confirmation证实；explanation解释；information信息。
17.D　根据上文可知，战争临近，Alia Baker担心战火会毁了这些书。由此可推断，她是想把书转移到一个安全的地方。large大的；public公共的；distant遥远的；safe安全的。
18.D　上文提到她请求政府准许把这些书移到一个安全的地方，但是他们拒绝了。所以她应该是秘密地做转移书的事情。fortunately幸运地；surprisingly令人惊讶地；seriously严肃地；secretly秘密地。
19.D　根据上文Her friends came to help her when the war broke out.可知，她的朋友来帮助她。由此可推断，Anis同意帮助她藏一些书。并且下文提到他们把书从图书馆里运出来，然后藏到餐馆里。intend打算；pretend假装；happen发生；agree同意。
20.C　根据语境可知，他们应该是先从图书馆取出书，越过七英尺高的墙，再传递给外面的人，才能把书运出去。put放；open打开；pass传递；throw扔。
21.A　根据上文Anis who owned a restaurant 　19　 to hide some books.可知，他们把书藏在餐馆里。hide藏；exchange交换；burn燃烧；distribute分配。
22.C　根据上文The books stayed hidden可知，书一直藏着，战争一直在持续。approach接近；erupt爆发；continue持续；end结束。
23.B　根据文章最后一句可知，Alia梦想着和平和一个新图书馆。由此可推断，之前的图书馆被烧毁了。restaurant餐馆；library图书馆；city城市；wall墙。
24.B　下文提到她雇了一辆卡车，把所有的书转移到郊区的朋友家。根据常识推断，只有轰炸停止了，士兵们离开了，Alia才有机会去转移书。neighbour邻居；soldier士兵；friend朋友；customer顾客。
25.D　下文提到她把书转移到郊区的朋友家，由此可推断出，此处应该是书被再次移动。sell卖；read读；save拯救；move移动。
26.C　根据上文One day， the bombing stopped and the 　24　 left.可知，轰炸停止了，士兵们离开了，城市此时应该是安静的。occupied被占领的；bombed烂醉如泥的；quiet安静的；busy忙碌的。
27.A　根据上文可知，一场大火把图书馆夷为平地，所以她一定是梦想着和平和一个新图书馆。dream of梦想；believe in相信；care about关心；look for寻找。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一部以抗日战争为背景的国产电影《黄河绝恋》。
28.a　考查冠词。story 是可数名词，此处泛指一个关于爱、勇气和决心的故事，且空后powerful的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词 a。
29.separated　考查非谓语动词。separate 和 a young couple 存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填separated。
30.vividly　考查词形转换。根据空后的动词shows可知，本空应用副词形式。故填vividly。
31.With　考查介词。空处在句中作状语，意为“利用……”。故填With。
32.bravery　考查词形转换。根据空前的定冠词the及空后的of Chinese soldiers可知，本空应用名词 bravery作宾语。
33.to defend　考查非谓语动词。空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式形式，故填to defend。
34.courageous　考查词形转换。本空修饰名词spirit 作定语，应用形容词courageous，意为“勇往直前的精神”。
35.who　考查定语从句。句中先行词为表示“人”的代词 those，需用 who 引导限制性定语从句。
36.stands　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句的主语是the strength of love，且表示客观事实，应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
37.has been touching　考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语ever since it first appeared on the screen 可知，此处需用现在完成时，另外根据 this influence will surely continue on and on 可知，这种影响将会继续下去，需用进行时态。故填has been touching。
1 / 3Section Ⅱ　Using language
主谓一致（1）
①Your enemy is well trained， well equipped and battle-hardened ...
②The enemy were hiding， ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land.
③Seventy years later， men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel， where people were coming together for memorial ceremonies.
【我的发现】
1.句①、句②中，enemy是集体名词，当集体名词表示一个整体时，谓语动词用　　　数形式；表示组成集体的成员时，谓语动词用　　　数形式。
2.句③中，集体名词表示复数含义，作主语时谓语通常也用　　　数形式。
一、主谓一致概述
　主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词在“人称”和“数”上必须和主语保持一致。一般可根据三个原则来确定：意义一致原则、语法一致原则和就近一致原则。本章节我们主要讲解意义一致原则。
二、意义一致原则的用法
　主语和谓语动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单复数形式，而是取决于主语的单复数意义。比如有时主语在语法形式上并非复数形式，但表示复数含义，随后的谓语动词便用复数形式；反之，主语在语法形式上是复数形式，而在意义上可视为单数，随后的谓语动词也用单数形式。这种一致关系叫作“意义一致”。用法如下：
1.集体名词作主语时的主谓一致
（1）集体名词作主语，如果表示一个整体概念时，谓语动词就用单数形式；如果强调组成集体的各个成员时，谓语动词就用复数形式。常见的这类名词有： family， class， team， group， enemy， army， audience， band， club， crowd， staff， committee， company， crew， government， public等。
There was a big audience at the evening party.
晚会上观众很多。
The audience were all deeply impressed by the plot.
剧情给观众留下了深刻的印象。
The football team is being organized.
这支足球队正在组建。
（2）个别集体名词，如people， police， cattle等作主语，谓语动词必须用复数形式。
How many people were present at the meeting？
有多少人参加了会议？
The cattle are grazing at the foot of the hill.
牛群正在山脚下吃草。
2.单复数同形的名词作主语时的主谓一致
单复数同形的名词作主语时，根据其意义是单数概念还是复数概念来判断谓语用单数还是用复数，如means，sheep， deer， works等。
Every means has been tried many times.
每一种办法都已经被尝试过很多次了。
All possible means have been tried many times.
所有可能的方法都试过很多次了。
This works was built in 1982.
这个工厂是1982年建的。
3.单数概念的复数形式名词作主语时的主谓一致
单数概念的复数形式名词（如学科、机构、书名、剧名、国名等）作主语时，谓语通常用单数形式，如：physics，mathematics/maths，economics，politics，gymnastics，the United States，the United Nations，A Dream in Red Mansions， Anderson’s Fairy Tales等。
Mathematics seems to be difficult to me.
数学对我而言似乎很难。
The Arabian Nights is a very interesting book.
《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的书。
【即时演练1】　单句语法填空
①Almost every family in the country 　　　　　　（own） a television.
②All my family 　　　　　　（be） fond of skiing.
③A committee of five men and three women 　　　　　　（be） to consider the matter.
④At this time yesterday the police 　　　　（seek） more information from witnesses.
⑤Physics 　　　　　　（be） a difficult subject for most students.
4.“两部分”概念的物体名词作主语时的主谓一致
由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。但是如果这些词由单位词（a pair of， a kind of， a suit of， a piece of等）修饰时，单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。这类名词有chopsticks， compasses， glasses， gloves， jeans， pants， scissors， shoes， shorts， socks， trousers等。
My trousers are white and his clothes are black.
我的裤子是白色的，他的衣服是黑色的。
A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.
那个抽屉里放着一把剪刀。
These kinds of glasses are very popular this summer.
这几种眼镜今年夏天很受欢迎。
5.表示距离、时间、长度、金额等的名词短语作主语时的主谓一致
当名词短语的中心词为表示距离、时间、长度、金额等的复数名词时，往往把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。这类复数名词有miles， dollars， pounds， kilograms， kilometres， centimetres， millimetres， seconds， hours， years等。
Three weeks is a long time to wait for an answer.
对于等待一个答案来说，三周是一段很长的时间。
Twenty kilometres is a quite long distance.
二十公里是一段相当长的距离。
6.“the＋形容词或过去分词”表示一类人作主语时的主谓一致
“the＋形容词或过去分词”表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式；如 “the＋形容词”指一个人或表示一种抽象概念或品质时，谓语动词用单数形式。
The wounded were saved by the villagers at last.
最后，伤员们被村民们救起。
The wounded in the accident was a policeman.
这次事故的受伤者是一名警察。
【即时演练2】　补全句子
①Usually， the wise 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
通常，智者只听不说。
②After they learn about relevant information， the old are for the decision but the young 　　　　　　　　　.
了解相关信息之后，老年人赞成这一决定，但是年轻人反对它。
③Twenty years 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
20年在一个人的一生中是一段很长的时间。
④A suit of gloves 　　　　　　　　　　last Sunday.
上个星期天公共汽车上落下了一副手套。
remove ...from 将……从……中移开（拿走、除掉）；将某人从……撤职（免职）
【教材原句】　They work to disarm combatants and to secure weapons and ammunition， removing them from use.他们致力于解除战斗人员的武装，保护武器和弹药，使其停止使用。
【用法】
（1）remove v.　　移开，拿开；脱去，摘下；去除，排除；免除
remove into 搬进
remove ...to 把……搬到，把……迁移到
remove one’s doubts　消除某人的疑虑
（2）removal n. 移动，去除；免职，解职
【佳句】　The men came to remove the rubbish from the backyard.
这些人来清除后院的垃圾。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①As a consequence of the 　　　　（remove） of computer virus， the system quickly returns to normal.
②He removed the painting 　　　　　　the wall of another room.
【写美】　补全句子
③When I have difficulty in oral English， what you said 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
当我在英语口语有困难时，你所说的话完全消除了我的疑虑。（感谢信）
be based on 以……为基础
【教材原句】　Act out an interview based on the information you have found.
根据你找到的信息表演一场面试。
【用法】
（1）base v.　以……为基础
n. 基部；基础；基地
base ...on/upon 把……建立在……基础之上
a millitary base 军事基地
（2）basis n. 基础；根据
on the basis of sth 在某事的基础上；根据某事
（3）basic adj. 基本的；基础的
basic facts 基本事实
（4）basically adv. 基本上；从根本上说
【佳句】　This film is based on a true story that touched the hearts of many people.
这部电影基于一个感动了许多人的真实故事。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①She always reminds us that the 　　　　　（base） rule we should follow is to be kind to others.
【写美】　一句多译
②这本书以作者的亲身经历为根据，反映了文化之间的差异。
→The book 　　　　　　　　the writer’s personal experience， reflecting the cultural difference.（base）
→The book 　　　　　　　　　　　the writer’s personal experience， reflecting the cultural difference.（basis）
Section Ⅱ　Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.单　复　2.复
即时演练1
①owns　②are　③is　④were seeking　⑤is
即时演练2
①are listening not speaking　②are against it　③is a long time in one’s life　④was left on the bus
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①removal　②to　③has completely removed my doubts
2.①basic　②is based on； is on the basis of
5 / 5(共81张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Using language
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
3
课时检测·提能力
2
知识要点·须拾遗
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
主谓一致（1）
①Your enemy is well trained， well equipped and battle-hardened ...
②The enemy were hiding， ready to attack the Allied soldiers even
before they reached land.
③Seventy years later， men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both
sides of the English Channel， where people were coming together for
memorial ceremonies.
【我的发现】
1. 句①、句②中，enemy是集体名词，当集体名词表示一个整体时，
谓语动词用 数形式；表示组成集体的成员时，谓语动词
用 数形式。
2. 句③中，集体名词表示复数含义，作主语时谓语通常也用 数
形式。
单　
复　
复　
一、主谓一致概述
　主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词在“人称”和“数”上必须和主语保
持一致。一般可根据三个原则来确定：意义一致原则、语法一致原则
和就近一致原则。本章节我们主要讲解意义一致原则。
二、意义一致原则的用法
　主语和谓语动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单复数形式，而是
取决于主语的单复数意义。比如有时主语在语法形式上并非复数形
式，但表示复数含义，随后的谓语动词便用复数形式；反之，主语在
语法形式上是复数形式，而在意义上可视为单数，随后的谓语动词也
用单数形式。这种一致关系叫作“意义一致”。用法如下：
1. 集体名词作主语时的主谓一致
（1）集体名词作主语，如果表示一个整体概念时，谓语动词就
用单数形式；如果强调组成集体的各个成员时，谓语动词
就用复数形式。常见的这类名词有： family， class，
team， group， enemy， army， audience， band，
club， crowd， staff， committee， company， crew，
government， public等。
There was a big audience at the evening party.
晚会上观众很多。
The audience were all deeply impressed by the plot.
剧情给观众留下了深刻的印象。
The football team is being organized.
这支足球队正在组建。
（2）个别集体名词，如people， police， cattle等作主语，谓语动
词必须用复数形式。
How many people were present at the meeting？
有多少人参加了会议？
The cattle are grazing at the foot of the hill.
牛群正在山脚下吃草。
2. 单复数同形的名词作主语时的主谓一致
单复数同形的名词作主语时，根据其意义是单数概念还是复数
概念来判断谓语用单数还是用复数，如means，sheep， deer，
works等。
Every means has been tried many times.
每一种办法都已经被尝试过很多次了。
All possible means have been tried many times.
所有可能的方法都试过很多次了。
This works was built in 1982.
这个工厂是1982年建的。
3. 单数概念的复数形式名词作主语时的主谓一致
单数概念的复数形式名词（如学科、机构、书名、剧名、国名等）
作主语时，谓语通常用单数形式，如：physics，
mathematics/maths，economics，politics，gymnastics，the United
States，the United Nations，A Dream in Red Mansions， Anderson’s
Fairy Tales等。
Mathematics seems to be difficult to me.
数学对我而言似乎很难。
The Arabian Nights is a very interesting book.
《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的书。
【即时演练1】　单句语法填空
①Almost every family in the country （own） a television.
②All my family （be） fond of skiing.
③A committee of five men and three women （be） to consider
the matter.
④At this time yesterday the police （seek） more
information from witnesses.
⑤Physics （be） a difficult subject for most students.
owns　
are　
is　
were seeking　
is　
4. “两部分”概念的物体名词作主语时的主谓一致
由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。但是
如果这些词由单位词（a pair of， a kind of， a suit of， a piece of
等）修饰时，单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。这类名词有
chopsticks， compasses， glasses， gloves， jeans， pants，
scissors， shoes， shorts， socks， trousers等。
My trousers are white and his clothes are black.
我的裤子是白色的，他的衣服是黑色的。
A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.
那个抽屉里放着一把剪刀。
These kinds of glasses are very popular this summer.
这几种眼镜今年夏天很受欢迎。
5. 表示距离、时间、长度、金额等的名词短语作主语时的主谓一致
当名词短语的中心词为表示距离、时间、长度、金额等的复数名词
时，往往把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。这
类复数名词有miles， dollars， pounds， kilograms， kilometres，
centimetres， millimetres， seconds， hours， years等。
Three weeks is a long time to wait for an answer.
对于等待一个答案来说，三周是一段很长的时间。
Twenty kilometres is a quite long distance.
二十公里是一段相当长的距离。
6. “the＋形容词或过去分词”表示一类人作主语时的主谓一致
“the＋形容词或过去分词”表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形
式；如 “the＋形容词”指一个人或表示一种抽象概念或品质时，
谓语动词用单数形式。
The wounded were saved by the villagers at last.
最后，伤员们被村民们救起。
The wounded in the accident was a policeman.
这次事故的受伤者是一名警察。
【即时演练2】　补全句子
①Usually， the wise .
通常，智者只听不说。
②After they learn about relevant information， the old are for the decision
but the young .
了解相关信息之后，老年人赞成这一决定，但是年轻人反对它。
③Twenty years .
20年在一个人的一生中是一段很长的时间。
④A suit of gloves last Sunday.
上个星期天公共汽车上落下了一副手套。
are listening not speaking　
are against it　
is a long time in one’s life　
was left on the bus　
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
remove ...from 将……从……中移开（拿走、除掉）；将某人
从……撤职（免职）
【教材原句】　They work to disarm combatants and to secure weapons
and ammunition， removing them from use.
他们致力于解除战斗人员的武装，保护武器和弹药，使其停止使用。
【用法】
（1）remove v.　　移开，拿开；脱去，摘下；去除，排除；免除
remove into 　　搬进
remove ...to 　　把……搬到，把……迁移到
remove one’s doubts　　消除某人的疑虑
（2）removal n.　　移动，去除；免职，解职
【佳句】　The men came to remove the rubbish from the backyard.这些
人来清除后院的垃圾。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①As a consequence of the （remove） of computer virus，
the system quickly returns to normal.
②He removed the painting the wall of another room.
removal　
to　
【写美】　补全句子
③When I have difficulty in oral English， what you said
.
当我在英语口语有困难时，你所说的话完全消除了我的疑虑。
（感谢信）
has
completely removed my doubts　
be based on 以……为基础
【教材原句】　Act out an interview based on the information you have
found.
根据你找到的信息表演一场面试。
【用法】
（1）base v.　　以……为基础
n.　　基部；基础；基地
base ...on/upon　　把……建立在……基础之上
a millitary base　　军事基地
（2）basis n.　　基础；根据
on the basis of sth　　在某事的基础上；根据某事
（3）basic adj.　　基本的；基础的
basic facts　　基本事实
（4）basically adv.　　基本上；从根本上说
【佳句】　This film is based on a true story that touched the hearts of
many people.
这部电影基于一个感动了许多人的真实故事。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①She always reminds us that the （base） rule we should
follow is to be kind to others.
basic　
【写美】　一句多译
②这本书以作者的亲身经历为根据，反映了文化之间的差异。
→The book the writer’s personal experience，
reflecting the cultural difference.（base）
→The book the writer’s personal experience，
reflecting the cultural difference.（basis）
is based on　
is on the basis of　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：基础题型练
单句语法填空
1. Three thousand dollars （be） quite a lot of money for a boy.
2. A group of sheep （be） eating grass and leaves at the foot of
the hill.
3. All the furniture in the room （buy） last week.
is　
are　
was bought　
4. The rich for the plan， while the poor against it.
（be）
5. A new pair of glasses （buy） yesterday for her by her
friend.
6. The audience （be） so large that no seat was left
unoccupied in the hall.
7. Lisa’s family in this city for about sixteen years and her
family all fond of music. （be）
are　
are　
was bought　
was/were　
has been　
are　
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1. of communicating with a stranger.
同陌生人交流有很多种方法。
2. Mathematics .
数学是我最喜欢的学科之一。
3. Eighty dollars for the skirt.
八十美元够买这条裙子。
4. The police a tall dark man with a beard.
警方正在寻找一个高个子、皮肤黝黑、留着胡子的人。
There are various means　
is one of my favorite subjects　
is enough　
are searching for　
5. When I telephoned yesterday，the family .
我昨天打电话时，那一家人正在吃晚饭。
6. Three years since they met last time， and for them，
three years .
距离他们上次见面已经过去了三年，对他们来说，三年真的是很长
时间。
were having dinner　
have passed　
is really a long time　
维度三：语法与语篇
用所给单词的适当形式完成下面短文。
The wounded 1. （be） wearing glasses.They 2.
（be） reading the Arabian Nights， which 3. （be） a very
interesting story-book.Just then， a herd of cattle came from the
distance， with furniture on their backs， which 4. （be） worth
30，000 dollars.This means of transportation 5. （be） the most
convenient one here， because more than 80 percent of the land 6.
（cover） with grass.Cattle 7. （be） common here.
were　
were　
is　
was　
is　
is
covered　
are　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Kateryna Shcherbyna has been worried since the war broke out.As a
horse owner and trainer， she saw that her horses were having trouble
getting grain and hay （草料）. “The problem that arose with the
beginning of the war was the delivery of horses’ feed，” Shcherbyna
tells Treehugger， a website. “It’s hard to have all the year stock of hay
at the place； the land is quite expensive around here.”
　　Typically， stables （马房） keep their feed as distantly as 250 miles
from the barn （棚舍）. “That’s why it was impossible to bring a big
truck with the feed to our area during the war. It was dangerous because of
the bombs and an enormous number of block posts everywhere，” she
says.
　　Shcherbyna came up with an idea to get a small bus to at least bring
small amounts of feed to each stable. A friend brought her a minibus.
Then， she drove almost every day to bring hay and grain from the stock
not far from her home to the stables she was able to reach.
　　Besides， Shcherbyna created Help Ukrainian Horses， a Facebook
group where people could ask for or offer assistance. While volunteers
were able to help the animals that were still in stables， there were other
horses that had to live on their own when their owners ran away for safety.
“There were a lot of stables on the line of the fire and the only way to be
safe was to release horses and get away as fast as possible. It was not
possible to take care of them. There were military actions，” Shcherbyna
says.
　　Shcherbyna， who is hoping to find a horse-related position abroad，
says she has stayed safe so far.“Luckily， I didn’t get shot during my
drives. Although there were some battle planes flying above us， I was
lucky enough to live in a village where we did not have any military
actions，” she says.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了Kateryna Shcherbyna为
处于战乱、缺粮少食的马匹运送粮草的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了Kateryna Shcherbyna为
处于战乱、缺粮少食的马匹运送粮草的故事。
1. What has been bothering Shcherbyna during the war？（　　）
A. The rising land rent of her city.
B. The bomb damage to the stables.
C. The lack of feed for her horses.
D. The decline of her horse business.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段中的horses were having trouble
getting grain and hay可知，由于战乱导致运输不畅，Shcherbyna 的
马匹缺少粮草。
2. How did Shcherbyna deal with her problem？（　　）
A. By finding barns nearby.
B. By making small deliveries.
C. By freeing horses in the wild.
D. By turning to other horse owners.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段中的Shcherbyna came up with
an idea to get a small bus to at least bring small amounts of feed to each
stable.可知， Shcherbyna打算通过少量多次的办法来运输粮草。
3. What does Shcherbyna probably think of the horse owners’ behavior
during the war？（　　）
A. Understandable. B. Irresponsible.
C. Stupid. D. Creative.
解析： 　观点态度题。根据第四段中的the only way to be safe was
to release horses and get away as fast as possible ... There were
military actions可推知，Shcherbyna认为一些马的主人放生马匹并逃
跑，这在战乱期间是可以理解的选择。
4. What’s Kateryna Shcherbyna’s plan for the future？（　　）
A. Keeping horses in her village.
B. Saving more horses in the wild.
C. Getting a horse-related job abroad.
D. Expanding Help Ukrainian Horses.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据末段中的Shcherbyna， who is hoping
to find a horse-related position abroad可知，Shcherbyna未来想要去国
外找一份和马有关的工作。
B
　　On 26 January 1945， Audie Murphy and some 40 US troops sat
shaking in the cold near the Alsatian town of Holtzwihr. Just after 2
p.m.， the stillness of winter was suddenly broken. In the distance，
some 250 German troops and 6 tanks emerged from the woods.
　　At just 19 years old， the baby-faced Texan had already won two
Silver Stars and the Distinguished Service Cross， and he was leading men
10 years his senior into battle.
　　Murphy knew that his men stood no chance against so large a force，
so he instructed most of them to withdraw to pre-prepared defensive
positions along a nearby tree line. As they ran for cover， he stayed
behind and used his field telephone to call in an artillery strike. He did not
have enough time to contact their artillery commander before salvos（齐
射） of German tank fire erupted around him.
　　Murphy saw their tank destroyer slowly burning， but he saw that its
machine was still operational. He quickly seized the gun and opened fire
on the German troops nearest his position.
　　From their cover on the edge of the tree line， most of Murphy’s
troops could only watch in shock. “I expected to see the whole tank
destroyer blow up under him any minute，”Private Anthony Abramski
later wrote. In fact， the blaze may have saved Murphy’s life. Many of
the German troops and tank commanders couldn’t see him behind the
smoke and flames.
　　Audie Murphy was called a national hero and awarded the Medal of
Honor. Murphy returned home in June 1945. He later started a film career
that included more than 40 credits， most of them in Westerns and war
films. Reliving the horrors of combat in front of the camera proved
difficult for Murphy， who had suffered from nightmares and flashbacks
since returning home. He later urged the US government to provide better
mental health care for its soldiers. He also hoped people would always live
in peace.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了奥迪·墨菲在一次战
役中的英勇行为。
5. What do we know about Murphy before the battle？（　　）
A. He wasn’t known to anyone.
B. He had received many awards.
C. He was the oldest in his troops.
D. He wasn’t thought highly of by others.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，在这次战役前墨菲
已经获得了很多奖。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了奥迪·墨菲在一次战
役中的英勇行为。
6. How did Murphy react when seeing the German troops？（　　）
A. He hesitated to take action.
B. He was too frightened to do anything.
C. He became excited and decided to attack.
D. He withdrew his troops to an unexposed position.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句和As they ran for cover
可知，墨菲让他的部队撤退到有掩护的地方。
7. Which of the following played a role in saving Murphy’s life？
（　　）
A. The cover of the nearby tree line.
B. The help offered by the artillery commander.
C. His being invisible behind smoke and flames.
D. His skill in operating the tank destroyer.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第五段最后两句可知，墨菲身边的烟
雾和战火使得敌军看不到他，因此他才得以幸存。
8. What can be inferred about Murphy’s post-war life？（　　）
A. He left the horrors of combat behind him.
B. He encouraged people to honor war heroes.
C. He greatly suffered mentally.
D. He failed to find a job.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据末段中的Reliving the horrors of combat
in front of the camera proved difficult for Murphy，who had suffered
from nightmares and flashbacks since returning home.可知，战后墨菲
在精神上饱受折磨。
C
　　Reading a new book of ancient stories translated by great writers， I
was surprised to discover how widely the tale of the Trojan War has been
told down the ages.A diverse range of authors have been moved to
translate various versions of the classical myth （神话）.One reason the
Trojan War has struck such a chord is that， besides being an excellent
story， it has long been suspected to have actually happened.
It isn’t surprising that people have been convinced of the reality of
the Trojan War.The cruel realities of battle are described so unflinchingly
（果敢地） in The Iliad， an ancient Greek epic （史诗） by Homer，
that it is hard to believe they were not based on observation.Troy， the
ancient city located at Hisarlik in present-day Turkey， is described in
such vivid colour in the epic that a reader cannot help but be transported to
its splendid walls.
It was in fact the possibility of rediscovering Homer’s Troy that led
the rich Prussian businessman， Heinrich Schliemann， to travel to
Hisarlik in the late 19th century.Told of a possible location for the city，
Schliemann began to dig， and uncovered a large number of ancient
treasures， many of which are now on display at the British
Museum.Although he initially thought many finds belonged to the period
in which Homer set the Trojan War when they were in fact centuries
older， he had dug the correct location.Most historians agree that ancient
Troy was to be found at Hisarlik.Troy was real.
But a historic Trojan War would have been quite different from the
one that dominates Homer’s epic.It is hard to imagine a war taking place
on quite the scale the poet described， and lasting as long as 10 years
when the citadel （城堡） was fairly small.Whether the Trojan War myth
was inspired by a war waged long ago， or was just an original
invention， it left its mark on the world， and is still of exceptional
historic importance.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了特洛伊战争到底是神话
还是真实的历史事件。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了特洛伊战争到底是神话
还是真实的历史事件。
9. What does the underlined part “struck such a chord” in Paragraph 1
probably mean？（　　）
A. Made its name.
B. Spread the word.
C. Changed many people’s opinions.
D. Touched many people’s hearts.
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据画线部分前的内容可知，作者在阅读
一本由多位伟大作家翻译的古代故事书时惊讶地发现，特洛伊战争
的故事随处可见。众多作家都受到感动，翻译了这则古典神话的各
种版本。由此可推知，画线部分指的是特洛伊战争能够“触动很多
人的心弦”。
10. What does Paragraph 2 tell us about the tale of the Trojan War
described in The Iliad？（　　）
A. It is too true to life.
B. It falls short of details.
C. It is based on observation.
D. It focuses on brave soldiers.
解析： 　推理判断题。通读第二段可知，人们相信特洛伊战争
是真实发生过的，这一点并不奇怪。由荷马创作的古希腊史诗
《伊利亚特》描述了残酷的战争场景，那些描述如此果敢，让人
很难相信它们不是基于观察来进行描写的。荷马对特洛伊古城的
描述非常生动，仿佛把读者带入了这座古城。由此推知，《伊利
亚特》中描述的特洛伊战争故事太过逼真。
11. What caused Heinrich Schliemann’s visit to Hisarlik？（　　）
A. His love for traveling.
B. The chance of finding Troy.
C. His ambition to expand his business.
D. The possibility of uncovering ancient treasures.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段中的It was in fact ... the late
19th century.可知，事实上，在19世纪后期，正是因为有发现特洛
伊古城的可能性，普鲁士富商海因里希·施里曼才前往希沙里克。
12. Which of the following can be the best title for the text？（　　）
A. Did the Trojan War Actually Happen？
B. Homer： a True “Influencer” Back Then
C. Ancient Troy： the City and the Legend
D. What Inspired Homer to Write The Iliad？
解析： 　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，第一段首先介绍了特洛
伊战争的故事引起了大家的共鸣，其中一个原因就是一直有人怀
疑那场战争是真实发生过的；第二段和第三段介绍了很多人认为
特洛伊战争是真实历史事件的原因；最后一段指出，实际情况与
荷马描写的情况可能大不相同，但不论事实如何，特洛伊战争都
具有特殊的历史意义。因此A项为本文最佳标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2024·山东鄄城一中高二下月考）Alia Baker is a librarian in
Iraq. Her library used to be a 　13　place for all who loved books and
liked to share knowledge. They discussed various matters all over the
world.When the war was near， Alia was 　14　that the fires of war
would destroy the books， which are more 　15　to her than mountains
of gold.The books are in every language — new books， ancient books，
even a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.
　　She had asked the government for 　16　to move the books to
a 　17　place， but they refused.So Alia took matters into her own
hands. 　18　， she brought books home every night， filling her car
late after work. Her friends came to help her when the war broke out. Anis
who owned a restaurant 　19　 to hide some books. All through the
night， Alia， Anis， his brothers and neighbours took the books from the
library， 　20　them over the seven foot wall and 　21　them in the
restaurant. The books stayed hidden as the war 　22　. Then nine days
later， a fire burned the 　23　to the ground.
　　One day， the bombing stopped and the 　24　left. But the war was
not over yet. Alia knew that if the books were to be safe， they must
be 　25　again while the city was 　26　. So she hired a truck to bring
all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs （郊区）. Now Alia
waited for the war to end and 　27　peace and a new library.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公Alia Baker是
一名图书管理员，在战争中，她在朋友的帮助下，先后两次转移图
书，竭尽全力保护图书安全的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公Alia Baker是
一名图书管理员，在战争中，她在朋友的帮助下，先后两次转移图
书，竭尽全力保护图书安全的故事。
13. A. meeting B. working
C. personal D. religious
解析： 　根据上文可知，Alia Baker是图书管理员，热爱书籍的
人应该是在她的图书馆见面，分享知识。meeting会面的；
working工作上的；personal私人的；religious宗教的。
14. A. worried B. angry
C. doubtful D. curious
解析： 　根据语境可知，当战争临近时，她担心战火会毁了这
些书。worried担心的；angry生气的；doubtful怀疑的；curious好
奇的。
15. A. practical B. precious
C. reliable D. expensive
解析： 　Alia Baker担心战火会毁了这些书，由此可知，书在她
心中是珍贵的，甚至比金山更珍贵。practical实际的；precious珍
贵的；reliable可信赖的；expensive昂贵的。
16. A. permission B. confirmation
C. explanation D. information
解析： 　根据下文but they refused可知，想要把书移到一个安全
的地方，是需要得到政府的许可的。permission准许；
confirmation证实；explanation解释；information信息。
17. A. large B. public C. distant D. safe
解析： 　根据上文可知，战争临近，Alia Baker担心战火会毁了
这些书。由此可推断，她是想把书转移到一个安全的地方。large
大的；public公共的；distant遥远的；safe安全的。
18. A. Fortunately B. Surprisingly
C. Seriously D. Secretly
解析： 　上文提到她请求政府准许把这些书移到一个安全的地
方，但是他们拒绝了。所以她应该是秘密地做转移书的事情。
fortunately幸运地；surprisingly令人惊讶地；seriously严肃地；
secretly秘密地。
19. A. intended B. pretended
C. happened D. agreed
解析： 　根据上文Her friends came to help her when the war broke
out.可知，她的朋友来帮助她。由此可推断，Anis同意帮助她藏
一些书。并且下文提到他们把书从图书馆里运出来，然后藏到餐
馆里。intend打算；pretend假装；happen发生；agree同意。
20. A. put B. opened C. passed D. threw
解析： 　根据语境可知，他们应该是先从图书馆取出书，越过
七英尺高的墙，再传递给外面的人，才能把书运出去。put放；
open打开；pass传递；throw扔。
21. A. hid B. exchanged
C. burnt D. distributed
解析： 　根据上文Anis who owned a restaurant 　19　 to hide
some books.可知，他们把书藏在餐馆里。hide藏；exchange交
换；burn燃烧；distribute分配。
22. A. approached B. erupted
C. continued D. ended
解析： 　根据上文The books stayed hidden可知，书一直藏着，
战争一直在持续。approach接近；erupt爆发；continue持续；end
结束。
23. A. restaurant B. library
C. city D. wall
解析： 　根据文章最后一句可知，Alia梦想着和平和一个新图书
馆。由此可推断，之前的图书馆被烧毁了。restaurant餐馆；
library图书馆；city城市；wall墙。
24. A. neighbours B. soldiers
C. friends D. customers
解析： 　下文提到她雇了一辆卡车，把所有的书转移到郊区的
朋友家。根据常识推断，只有轰炸停止了，士兵们离开了，Alia
才有机会去转移书。neighbour邻居；soldier士兵；friend朋友；
customer顾客。
25. A. sold B. read C. saved D. moved
解析： 　下文提到她把书转移到郊区的朋友家，由此可推断
出，此处应该是书被再次移动。sell卖；read读；save拯救；move
移动。
26. A. occupied B. bombed
C. quiet D. busy
解析： 　根据上文One day， the bombing stopped and
the 　24　left.可知，轰炸停止了，士兵们离开了，城市此时应该
是安静的。occupied被占领的；bombed烂醉如泥的；quiet安静
的；busy忙碌的。
27. A. dreamed of B. believed in
C. cared about D. looked for
解析： 　根据上文可知，一场大火把图书馆夷为平地，所以她
一定是梦想着和平和一个新图书馆。dream of梦想；believe in相
信；care about关心；look for寻找。
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　Lover’s Grief over the Yellow River is a famous war film that
describes the heroic struggles of Chinese soldiers during the Second Sino-
Japanese War. Set in the background of the Yellow River， the film tells
28. 　　　　　　powerful story of love， courage and determination.
　　Directed by Feng Xiaoning， the film represents the emotional
journey of a young couple 29. 　　　　　　 （separate） by the war，
and 30. 　　　　　　（vivid） shows their strong love and willpower to
reunite， despite the chaos and devastation around them.
　　31. 　　　　　　artistic cinematography （电影摄影术） and
storytelling， Lover’s Grief over the Yellow River brings the cruelty of
war to life. It demonstrates the 32. 　　　　　　 （brave） of Chinese
soldiers as they fought 33. 　　　　　　（defend） their homeland，
and the deep impact the war had on ordinary people.
　　Lover’s Grief over the Yellow River is not only a war film， but also
proof of the 34. 　　　　　　（courage） spirit of the Chinese people. It
serves as a reminder of the sacrifices made by those 35. 　　　　　　
fought for their country’s freedom and the strength of love that
36. 　　　　　　（stand） the harshest circumstances.
　　This film 37. 　　　　　　 （touch） the hearts of audiences
worldwide ever since it first appeared on the screen and this influence will
surely continue on and on.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一部以抗日战争为背景
的国产电影《黄河绝恋》。
28. a　考查冠词。story 是可数名词，此处泛指一个关于爱、勇气
和决心的故事，且空后powerful的发音以辅音音素开头，故填不定
冠词 a。
29. separated　考查非谓语动词。separate 和 a young couple 存在逻辑
上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填separated。
30. vividly　考查词形转换。根据空后的动词shows可知，本空应用副
词形式。故填vividly。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一部以抗日战争为背景
的国产电影《黄河绝恋》。
31. With　考查介词。空处在句中作状语，意为“利用……”。故填
With。
32. bravery　考查词形转换。根据空前的定冠词the及空后的of
Chinese soldiers可知，本空应用名词 bravery作宾语。
33. to defend　考查非谓语动词。空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式
形式，故填to defend。
34. courageous　考查词形转换。本空修饰名词spirit 作定语，应用形
容词courageous，意为“勇往直前的精神”。
35. who　考查定语从句。句中先行词为表示“人”的代词 those，需
用 who 引导限制性定语从句。
36. stands　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句的主语是the strength of
love，且表示客观事实，应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
37. has been touching　考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语ever
since it first appeared on the screen 可知，此处需用现在完成时，另外
根据 this influence will surely continue on and on 可知，这种影响将会
继续下去，需用进行时态。故填has been touching。
谢谢观看！

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