资源简介 (共39张PPT)2026年高考英语复习形容词、副词语法知识清单语法清单目 录1. 形容词、副词的概念、种类及句法功能2. 常见形容词的后缀3. 常见形容词与副词的转换4. 形容词、副词比较等级的变化规则5. 形容词、副词比较等级的用法6. 分词形容词7. 具有两种形式的同根副词8. 既可作形容词又可作副词的词即练即清综合提升练1. 形容词、副词的概念、种类及句法功能2. 常见形容词的后缀(详见专题二 构词法)3. 常见形容词与副词的转换 大部分副词可由相应的形容词加上后缀-ly构成,但注意有变化。情况 变化规则 示例一般情况 直接加-ly definite→definitely eventual→eventually extreme→extremelyentire→entirely desperate→desperately initial→initiallyliteral→literally mindful→mindfully unintentional→unintentionally以-y结尾 变y为i,再加-ly clumsy→clumsily necessary→necessarily temporary→temporarily以-le结尾 去e,再加-y gentle→gently incredible→incredibly remarkable→remarkably以-ue结尾 去e,再加-ly true→truly情况 变化规则 示例以-ic结尾 加-ally basic→basically scientific→scientifically dramatic→dramaticallyspecific→specifically symbolic→symbolically automatic→automatically以-ll结尾 只加-y full→fullydull→dully其他特殊情况 whole→wholly sole→solely即练即清1. Starting with an orchestra playing traditional Chinese instruments, the operabrought a (complete) new sound to my Western ears. (外研B2U4)2. Dr. Sun Qiang, director of the research team, said they had been (whole) devoted to the research and had been taking care of more than 1,000monkeys 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for more than 5 years. (北师大 XB3U9)3. Our power to investigate and thus understand space changed (dramatic) when the first telescope was angled at the night sky. (外研XB4U6改)completelywhollydramatically解析1. completely 设空处修饰形容词new,应使用副词形式。句意:这部戏以管弦乐队演奏中国传统乐器开场,让我这个西方人的耳朵听到了一种全新的声音。2. wholly 设空处修饰动词devoted,应使用副词形式。句意:研究小组的负责人孙强博士说,他们全身心投入研究,五年多来每周七天,每天24小时照看一千多只猴子。3. dramatically 设空处修饰动词changed,应使用副词形式。句意:当第一台望远镜对准夜空时,我们探索进而理解太空的能力就发生了巨大变化。4. We can achieve almost anything online—with access to the Internet come some (true) life-changing advantages. (译林B3U3)解析4. truly 设空处修饰形容词life-changing,应使用副词形式。句意:我们在网上几乎无所不能,接入互联网带来了一些实实在在改变我们生活的好处。truly4. 形容词、副词比较等级的变化规则(1)规则变化情况 变化规则 原级 比较级 最高级单音节词 加-er/-est small smaller smallest以字母e结尾的词 加-r/-st large larger largest以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词 双写这个辅音字母,再加-er/-est hot hotter hottest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词 变y为i再加-er/-est easy easier easiest多音节词和部分双音节词 词前加more/most interesting more interesting most interesting(2)不规则变化原级 比较级 最高级good/well better bestbad、ill、badly worse worstmany、much more mostlittle less leastfar farther(只指距离)更远的 farthest(只指距离)最远的further(指距离或程度)更远的,更进一步的 furthest(指距离或程度)最远的,最深入的原级 比较级 最高级old older(指血缘、年龄、新旧)较年长的,较老的, 较旧的 oldest(指血缘、年龄、新旧)最年长的,最老的,最旧的elder(指血缘)较年长的 eldest(指血缘)最年长的late later(时间上)较迟的 latest(时间上)最迟的latter(顺序上)后者的 last(顺序上)最后的(3)没有比较级和最高级的词情况 示例本身有比较含义 major主要的 minor次要的 junior年轻的 senior年长的superior较好的 prior较早的表示终极意义 final最后的 impossible不可能的 full满的 empty空的excellent(ly)/极好的(地) perfect(ly)完美的(地) very非常,极 maximum最大限度的 minimum最低限度的 absolute(ly)/complete(ly)/entire(ly)/thorough(ly)/total(ly)/whole完全/全部表示独一无二 only唯一的 single单一的 unique独一无二的5. 形容词、副词比较等级的用法(1)原级①基本用法结构 示例as+形容词/副词原级+as... (和……一样……) He was as white as a sheet.他面无血色。Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no tiredness.尽管我像以前一样努力工作,但我不觉得疲惫。not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as... (不如……那样……) To some degree, the size of the workingage population is not as important as the quality ofthe workers.在某种程度上,劳动年龄人口的规模不如工人的质量重要。I didn't do my homework so/as carefully as you.我做作业不如你仔细。as+形容词原级+名词(短语)+as... She has as charming a face as her grandmother.她长得和她祖母一样迷人。②as...as...结构的短语as long as只要 as far as就……而言 as soon as一……就……as well as和 as good as与……几乎一样;简直(2)比较级①基本用法结构 意义 示例比较级+than 比……更…… The plan turned out better than we had expected.这个计划的结果比我们预料的要好。结构 意义 示例not+比较级+than 不比……更…… The studies show that EQ is as important, if it is not more important than IQ.研究表明,即使情商不比智商更重要,至少也同等重要。比较级+and+比较级 越来越…… (事物本身渐增) The weather is getting warmer and warmer.天气变得越来越暖和。the+比较级...,the+比较级... 越……,越…… (双方平行增长) The more we know each other, the better we understand each other.我们互相了解得越多,就越能互相理解。the+比较级+of the two+名词 两者中比较……的 Bob is the taller of the two boys.鲍勃是两个男孩中较高的一个。②比较级的修饰语意义 修饰语 示例……得多 much、far、a lot等 She's much better today.她今天好多了。There are far more opportunities for young people than there used to be.现在年轻人的机会比过去多得多。更 even、rather、still等 We face an even greater challenge today.我们今天面临着更大的挑战。The task is rather more difficult than I expected.这项工作比我想象的更难。There was still more bad news to come.随后还传来了更多坏消息。一点儿 a bit、a little等 You are driving too quick. Can you drive a bit more slowly 你开得太快了。能稍慢点吗 温馨提示 more只能用于构成比较级,不可用于修饰比较级。③比较级形式表达最高级意义结构 示例比较级+ than+ 中国比其他任何亚洲国家都大。China is larger than any other country in Asia.=China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia.=China is larger than all the other countries in Asia.=China is larger than the rest of the countries in Asia.表示否定意义的词(no、not、never、few、nothing等)+ 比较级+than There is nothing better than being praised by my teacherbefore my classmates.没有什么比在同学面前被老师表扬更好的了。(3)最高级①基本用法结构 示例the+形容词最高级 (+单数名词)+比较范围 Soccer is the most popular sport in the world.足球是世界上最受欢迎的运动。(the+)副词最高级+比较范围 He could jump (the) farthest of all.在所有人中,他跳得最远。one of the+形容词最高级 (+复数名词)+比较范围 Yuan Longping is one of the most influential scientists in agriculture.袁隆平是农业领域最有影响力的科学家之一。温馨提示 形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词最高级前的the可省略。②最高级的修饰语修饰语 示例序数词 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。much Carl's English was much the worst.卡尔的英语糟糕透了。by far Watching sports was by far the most popular activity on Saturday.看体育比赛是周六最受欢迎的活动。(4)倍数表示法句型 示例倍数+as+原级+as... This table is three times as big as that one.倍数+比较级+than... This table is three times bigger than that one.倍数+the+名词+of... This table is three times the size of that one.倍数+that/those of... The output of this year is three times that of 2021.倍数+what从句 The output of this year is three times what it was in 2021.6. 分词形容词 -ing形容词多表示主语或被修饰词所具有的特征,意为“令人……的”,常用于修饰物;-ed形容词多表示主语或被修饰词所处的状态,意为“感到……的”,常用于修饰人。-ing形容词 -ed形容词 -ing形容词 -ed形容词amazing令人惊奇的 amazed惊奇的 frightening令人害怕的 frightened受惊的disappointing令人失望的 disappointed失望的 pleasing令人高兴的 pleased高兴的exhausting令人筋疲力尽的 exhausted筋疲力尽的 satisfying令人满意的 satisfied满意的7. 具有两种形式的同根副词不以-ly结尾的副词 以-ly结尾的副词 不以-ly结尾的副词 以-ly结尾的副词clear远离,不接触 clearly清晰地,明显地 high(空间上)高 highly(程度上)高度地close不远地,接近 closely密切地,接近 late迟,晚 lately最近deep(空间上)深 deeply(情感上)深刻地,强烈地 near近 nearly几乎,差不多easy小心,慢点 easily容易地,不费力地 right恰好;径直;立即 rightly公正合理地;正确地free不固定地;免费 freely不受限制地;无拘无束地 wide充分地 widely广泛地,范围广地hard努力地 hardly几乎不 8. 既可作形容词又可作副词的词close adj.亲密的;接近的 adv.接近地 long adj.长的 adv.长时间地deep adj.深的 adv.深深地;在深处 near adj.附近的 adv.在附近early adj.早的 adv.早地 pretty adj.美丽的 adv.十分;非常Enough adj.足够的 adv.足够地 straight adj.直的 adv.径直Fast adj.快的 adv.迅速地 very adj.正是的 adv.非常,很hard adj.硬的 adv.努力地 well adj.健康的 adv.很好地late adj.晚的 adv.晚1. People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs, looking through old magazines, all ofwhich have been read hundreds of times (previous). (外研XB1U1)2. Splendid as the view of the Earth is, spacewalking is not as (excite)as you might think. (译林 XB3U2)3. While it was hard to pick a favourite painting out of so many amazing works, theartists who made the (deep) impression on me were two of the greatestImpressionist painters, Claude Monet and Pierre-Auguste Renoir. (译林XB1U3)previouslyexcitingdeepest解析1. previously 设空处修饰动词read,应使用副词形式。句意:人们别扭地坐在塑料椅上,翻阅着旧杂志,那些杂志先前都已经被读过几百次了。2. exciting 设空处作表语,意为“令人兴奋的”,应使用形容词形式。句意:尽管地球上的景色美妙绝伦,但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。3. deepest 句意:虽然从这么多令人称奇的作品中很难选出一幅最喜欢的,但给我留下了最深刻印象的是两位最伟大的印象派画家——克劳德·莫奈和皮埃尔-奥古斯特·雷诺阿。根据句意并结合前面的定冠词the可知,应使用最高级形式。4. We also need to be critical about the information we receive and remember not to (blind) trust what we have read. (译林XB2U1)5. Eight years later, Lin Qiaozhi graduated from Peking Union Medical College(PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship, the (high) prize given to graduates. (人教B3U2改)6. Einstein was not only a genius; he was a (courage) and kind figureloved by many people. (人教XB1U1)blindlyhighestcourageous解析4. blindly 设空处修饰动词trust,应使用副词形式。句意:我们也需要批判性地看待我们接收到的信息,并且要记住不能盲目相信我们读到的内容。5. highest 句意:八年之后,林巧稚从北京协和医学院毕业,并获得了该校毕业生的最高荣誉奖——“文海”奖学金。根据句意并结合前面的定冠词the可知,应使用最高级形式。6. courageous 设空处与kind并列,作定语,修饰名词figure,应使用形容词形式,故填courageous。句意:爱因斯坦不仅是一位天才,而且是一位受到很多人爱戴的勇敢、善良的人。7. Albert Einstein, who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is oftenconsidered one of the (smart) men who ever lived. (人教XB1U1)8. To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be achallenge, but even the (simple) organisms can help teach us how toachieve this. (外研 XB3U5)9. Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks.All of them represent attempts over the centuries to explore Earth's (far) corners. (外研XB4U5)smartestsimplestfarthest/furthest解析7. smartest 此处为“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数形式”结构,故填smartest。句意:阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦,这位或许是现代物理学领域最伟大的科学家,被公认是有史以来最聪明的人之一。8. simplest 句意:保护明天的世界,同时满足当下的需求,这可能是一项挑战,但即使是最简单的生物也能帮忙,教我们如何实现这个目标。根据句意并结合前面的定冠词the可知,应使用最高级形式。9. farthest/furthest 句意:全球水域下大约沉睡着三百万艘沉船残骸,每艘都代表了若干世纪以来探索地球最远端的努力尝试。根据句意可知,此处表示“(距离)最远的”,farthest或furthest均可。10. Bogues was only 1.6 metres tall, which made him the (short) playerever in the NBA. (北师大B1U2)11. According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years (long) than non-runners.12. The most (impress) costume is a dress decorated with auspicious(吉祥的) symbols for happiness and having many children.13. While running regularly can't make you live forever, it is (effective) at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming.shortestlongerimpressivemore effective解析10. shortest 句意:博格斯身高只有1.6米,是NBA史上最矮的球员。根据句意并结合前面的定冠词the可知,应使用最高级形式。11. longer 根据后面的than可知,此处应使用比较级形式。句意:根据一本医学杂志上的一篇证据综述,跑步的人比不跑步的人多活三年。12. impressive 根据The most可知,此处应使用形容词形式,修饰名词costume,意为“令人印象深刻的”。13. more effective 根据后面的than可知,此处应使用比较级形式。句意:虽然经常跑步不能让你长生不老,但在延长寿命方面,跑步比散步、骑自行车或游泳更有效。14. Bioprinting(生物打印) may be a relatively new field but the results so far are (encourage).15. As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something miss-ing. Even (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.16. People and countries have traded for thousands of years, but in today's (globe) economy, information, goods and money can move around the world at anunbelievable speed.encouragingworseglobal解析14. encouraging 句意:生物打印可能是一个相对较新的领域,但迄今为止结果是令人鼓舞的。设空处作表语,应使用形容词形式,表示“令人鼓舞的”。故填en-couraging。15. worse 句意:因此,人们吃更多的食物来设法弥补缺失的东西。更糟糕的是,人们所吃的快餐数量增加。固定短语even worse意为“更糟糕的是”,表示程度加深。16. global 句意:人们之间、国家之间的贸易已经有几千年(的历史)了,但在今天的全球经济中,信息、商品和货币可以以难以置信的速度在世界各地流动。设空处修饰名词economy,应使用形容词形式。故填global。17. The (represent) group from Hubei brought three types of teato be enjoyed at the salon: Enshi Yulu, Yihong Black Tea, and Qingzhuan Tea.18. (geological), the Gobi desert preserves a rich and variedpaleo-environment and is considered a hot spot for fossil discovery.19. The extraordinary two-story venue features (innovation) lighting,noise reduction and space design.representativeGeologicallyinnovative解析17. representative 句意:来自湖北的代表团在沙龙上带来了三种茶叶供人品尝:恩施玉露、宜红茶和青砖茶。设空处修饰名词group,应使用形容词形式。故填representative。18. Geologically 句意:从地质学角度来看,戈壁保留了丰富多样的古环境,并且被视作化石发现的热点地区。设空处修饰后面的整个句子,应使用副词形式。故填Geologically。19. innovative 句意:这座非凡的两层场馆以创新的照明设施、降噪和空间设计为特色。设空处修饰名词lighting,应使用形容词形式。故填innovative。20. The traditional craft of making Xuan paper is extremely (demand).21. The more water people splash on you, the (lucky) your life will be,which is the positive message from the water sprinkling festival in Xishuangbanna.22. The headboard has a (remarkable) simple setup, and it takesabout five minutes to assemble with no tools.demandingluckierremarkably解析20. demanding 句意:制作宣纸的传统工艺要求极高。设空处作表语,前有副词修饰,应使用形容词形式。故填demanding。21. luckier 句意:人们往你身上泼的水越多,你的生活就会越幸运,这就是西双版纳泼水节的积极寓意。“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。22. remarkably 句意:床头板有一种极其简约的结构,而且无需工具,大约五分钟就能组装好。设空处修饰形容词simple,应使用副词形式。故填remarkably。23. Chinese firms applied cloud computing and artificial intelligence to (immerse) live broadcast experiences and athletes' training.24. The influence of the Tongcheng School on (late) generations wassignificant.25. “The Four Treatises of Tibetan Medicine” is the most (influence)foundational work on traditional Tibetan medicine. It (comprehensive) depicts the development and evolution of traditional Tibetanmedicine.immersivelaterinfluentialcomprehensively解析23. immersive 句意:中国企业将云计算和人工智能应用于沉浸式直播体验和运动员训练。设空处修饰名词experiences,应使用形容词形式。故填immersive。24. later 句意:桐城派对于后世的影响很大。设空处修饰generations,表示“后世”。later表示“后来的”。25. influential 句意:《四部医典》是关于传统藏医的最具影响力的基础著作。它全面地描绘了传统藏医的发展与演变。根据the most可知,此处应使用形容词形式。故填influential。comprehensively 设空处修饰动词depicts,应使用副词形式。故填comprehensively。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览