【重质高效】Starter Welcome to junior high Lesson 5 Words and Expressions 课件--2025年秋新外研版七年级上册

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【重质高效】Starter Welcome to junior high Lesson 5 Words and Expressions 课件--2025年秋新外研版七年级上册

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(共43张PPT)
Starer Welcome to junior high!
Lesson 5 Words and Expressions
(2025年秋新外研版)七年级

Learning objectives
Review some words and expressions of the text;
01
02
Learn some core words and expressions of the text.
Words and expressions
① structure / str kt (r)/
1. 作名词(最常用)
(1)表示 “结构;构造”(指事物的组成方式或内部构造)
可用于描述物体、文章、句子等的组成框架。
eg:The structure of this building is very strong.
(这座建筑的结构很坚固。)
We need to learn the basic structure of a sentence.
(我们需要学习句子的基本结构。)
The essay has a clear structure: introduction, main body and conclusion.(这篇文章结构清晰:引言、主体和结论。)
(2)表示 “建筑物;构造物”(指具体的大型建筑或工程结构)
eg:The bridge is an important structure in the city.
(这座桥是城市里的重要建筑物。)
Words and expressions
① structure / str kt (r)/
2. 作动词(初中阶段较少见,了解即可)
含义:构建;组织;安排(指按一定结构整理或建立事物)。
例句:
She structured her speech carefully.(她精心组织了自己的演讲。)
3. 常用搭配
sentence structure:句子结构
social structure:社会结构
family structure:家庭结构
4. 易混点提示
structure 侧重 “整体的组成框架”,如建筑的结构、文章的结构;
construction 侧重 “建造的过程或具体的建筑工程”,如 “房屋的建造”(the construction of a house)。
Exercises
① structure / str kt (r)/
一、根据句意用 structure 的适当形式填空:
1.The _________ of the human body is very complex.
2.This old _________ was built in the 19th century.
3.You should pay attention to the _______ of your composition.
二、选择填空:
The teacher asked us to analyze the _______ of the story.
A. structure B. build C. form
三、翻译句子:
1.这个句子的结构不正确。
2.这座塔是一个很特别的建筑。
structure
structure
structure
A
The structure of this sentence is not correct.
This tower is a very special structure.
Words and expressions
② favourite(英式)/ fe v r t/ adj./n.
1. 作形容词
意为 “最喜欢的”,仅用于名词前作定语,强调在多个事物中最偏好的。
eg:
My favourite color is blue.(我最喜欢的颜色是蓝色。)
Maths is her favourite subject.(数学是她最喜欢的学科。)
What’s your favourite food (你最喜欢的食物是什么?)
2. 作名词
意为 “最喜欢的人(或物)”,可指人、物品、活动等,通常需结合上下文明确指代对象。
eg:
Ice cream is my favourite.(冰淇淋是我的最爱。)
Her favourites are action movies.(她最喜欢的是动作片。)
The song has become a favourite among students.(这首歌成了学生们的最爱。)
Words and expressions
② favourite(英式)/ fe v r t/ adj./n.
3. 用法注意
作形容词时,无比较级和最高级(本身已含 “最” 的含义)。
后接名词时,名词可单数也可复数,根据实际情况判断:
单数:指 “某一类中最喜欢的一个”,
eg: “My favourite book is Harry Potter.”
(我最喜欢的书是《哈利波特》。)
复数:指 “某一类中最喜欢的多个”,
eg: “Her favourite fruits are apples and strawberries.”
(她最喜欢的水果是苹果和草莓。)
4. 常见搭配
favourite sport 最喜欢的运动
favourite teacher 最喜欢的老师
favourite season 最喜欢的季节
all-time favourite 一直以来的最爱
Exercises
② favourite(英式)/ fe v r t/ adj./n.
一、用 favourite 的适当形式填空(注意结合语境判断词性):
1.What’s your _________ animal
2.Chocolate cakes are my _________.
3.English is one of his __________ subjects.
二、选择填空:
My _______ singer will give a concert next week.
A. favourite B. like C. love
三、翻译句子:
1.她最喜欢的电影是《蜘蛛侠》。
2.周末去公园是我们全家的最爱。
favourit
favourites
favourite
A
Her favourite movie is Spider-Man.
Going to the park on weekends is our family’s favourite.
Words and expressions
③ lesson / lesn/ n.
用法:
1. 表示 “(一节)课;课程”
指学校里具体的一节课,或某一学科的系列课程,是最常用的含义。
搭配:
表示 “某学科的课”:maths lesson(数学课)、English lesson(英语课)
表示 “一节课的时长”:a 45-minute lesson(一节 45 分钟的课)
表示 “上课 / 下课”:have a lesson(上课)、finish a lesson(下课)
eg:
We have six lessons every day.(我们每天有六节课。)
The first lesson starts at 8:00 a.m.(第一节课早上 8 点开始。)
She is preparing for tomorrow’s history lesson.
(她正在为明天的历史课做准备。)
Words and expressions
③ lesson / lesn/ n.
用法:2. 表示 “教训;经验”
指从错误或经历中得到的启示,通常用于抽象意义。
搭配:
learn a lesson(吸取教训)
teach sb. a lesson(给某人一个教训)
eg:
He learned a valuable lesson from his failure.
(他从失败中吸取了宝贵的教训。)
The accident taught us an important lesson about safety.
(这次事故给我们上了一堂重要的安全课。)
3. 其他常见搭配
lesson plan:教案
piano lesson:钢琴课(课外辅导班性质的课程)
Lesson One /the first lesson:第一课(教材中的单元)
Words and expressions
③ lesson / lesn/ n.
用法:4.易混词辨析
单词 含义区别 例句对比
lesson 侧重 “具体的一节课” 或 “教训”,可指学校课程或课外辅导课。 We have a music lesson today.
class 侧重 “班级;全班学生”,也可指 “一节课”,但更强调 “课堂集体活动”。 The class is listening to the teacher.
course 侧重 “系列课程”(如一门学科的完整课程),时间较长,范围较广。 She is taking a French course.
Exercises
③ lesson / lesn/ n.
一、根据句意用 lesson 填空:
1.We have two _______ in the afternoon.
2.You should learn a _______ from this mistake.
3._______ Five is about environmental protection.
二、选择填空:
She has a _______ every Saturday afternoon.
A. class B. lesson C. course
(提示:句中 “every Saturday afternoon” 暗示 “每周一次的具体课程”)
三、翻译句子:
1.我们昨天的科学课很有趣。
2.他从这次经历中学到了一个深刻的教训。
lessons
lesson
Lesson
B
Our science lesson yesterday was very interesting.
He learned a deep lesson from this experience.
Words and expressions
④ love /l v/ v./n.
用法:
1. 作动词:表示 “爱;热爱;喜欢”
基本结构:love + 宾语(人 / 物 /doing sth./to do sth.)
接人:表示喜爱某人(情感上的爱)。
eg:She loves her parents very much.(她非常爱她的父母。)
接物:表示喜欢某物(对事物的喜爱)。
eg:I love this song.(我喜欢这首歌。)
接doing sth.:表示 “长期喜欢做某事”(习惯性的爱好)。
eg:He loves playing basketball.(他喜欢打篮球。)
接to do sth.:表示 “具体某次喜欢做某事”(一次性的意愿)。
eg:I love to read books on weekends.(我喜欢在周末看书。)
Words and expressions
④ love /l v/ v./n.
用法:
2. 作名词:表示 “爱;热爱;喜爱的人 / 物”
不可数名词(表示 “爱” 的情感):
eg:Love is important in our life.(爱在我们的生活中很重要。)
可数名词(表示 “喜爱的人或物”,常用单数):
eg:My cat is my great love.(我的猫是我的至爱。)
3. 常见短语
fall in love with...:爱上……(强调动作)
eg:They fell in love with each other at first sight.(他们一见钟情。)
in love with...:处于恋爱中(强调状态)
eg:She is in love with a doctor.(她爱上了一位医生。)
Exercises
④ love /l v/ v./n.
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.She loves _________ (dance) in the park.
2.My little sister loves _________ (watch) cartoons every evening.
3.They _________ (love) their country deeply.
二、单项选择
1.Tom loves ______ basketball with his friends after school.
A. play B. playing C. plays D. to playing
2.—Do you love ______ to the cinema
—Yes, I do. Let’s go this weekend.
A. go B. goes C. going D. to go
3.Her ______ for music makes her practice every day.
A. love B. loves C. loving D. loved
dancing
watching
love
B
D
A
Exercises
④ love /l v/ v./n.
三、翻译句子
1.我热爱我的家庭。
2.他喜欢在夏天游泳。
3.他们爱上了这座美丽的城市。
I love my family.
He loves swimming in summer.
They fell in love with this beautiful city.
Words and expressions
⑤ basic / be s k/ adj./n.
用法:1. 作形容词:表示 “基本的;基础的;初级的”
用于修饰名词,强调事物的 “基础部分” 或 “入门级别”,是进一步学习或发展的起点。
常见搭配:basic knowledge(基础知识)
eg:You need to learn some basic knowledge of English first.
(你首先需要学习一些英语基础知识。)
basic skills(基本技能)
eg:Cooking is one of the basic skills in life.
(做饭是生活中的基本技能之一。)
basic rules(基本规则)
eg:Follow the basic rules of the game, please.
(请遵守游戏的基本规则。)
basic needs(基本需求)
eg:Food and water are our basic needs.(食物和水是我们的基本需求。)
Words and expressions
⑤ basic / be s k/ adj./n.
用法:
2. 作名词:表示 “基础;基本原理;入门知识”(常用复数形式 basics)
强调某领域最基础的内容,通常用复数。
eg:Let’s start with the basics of math.(我们从数学的基础开始吧。)
She’s still learning the basics of driving.(她还在学习驾驶的基本知识。)
3. 常见短语
get back to basics:回归本源;从基础做起
eg:If you want to improve your writing, get back to basics—practice grammar first.(如果你想提高写作,就回归本源 —— 先练习语法。)
Exercises
⑤ basic / be s k/ adj./n.
一、用 basic 的适当形式填空
1.It’s important to master the ______ of computer operation.
2.This book teaches ______ English grammar for beginners.
3.Before learning advanced skills, you must first learn the _____ ones.
二、单项选择
1.Young children should learn___table manners before going to parties.
A. basic B. basically C. base D. basics
2.The course starts with the__of painting, such as how to hold a brush.
A. basic B. basics C. basical D. base
3.______ needs like air and water are necessary for all living things.
A. Base B. Basics C. Basic D. Basically
basics
basic
basic
A
B
C
Exercises
⑤ basic / be s k/ adj./n.
三、翻译句子
1.每个学生都应该掌握基本的科学知识。
2.这门课会教你摄影的基础知识。
3.在学习高级数学之前,先学好基础知识很重要。
Every student should master basic scientific knowledge.
It’s important to learn basic knowledge well before studying advanced math.
This course will teach you the basics of photography.
Words and expressions
⑥ happy / h pi/ adj.
用法:
1.表示 “高兴的,快乐的”:可作表语和定语。
作表语时,主语通常是人,表示人的情绪状态。
eg:I am very happy today.(我今天非常高兴。)
作定语时,用于修饰名词,eg: a happy child(一个快乐的孩子)。
2.表示 “对…… 满意的”:常用搭配为 be happy with。
eg:The teacher is happy with my homework.(老师对我的作业很满意。)
3.表示 “乐意的”:常用结构为 be happy to do sth.。
eg:I'll be happy to help you.(我很乐意帮助你。)
4.用于祝愿语中:
常见的有 Happy New Year!(新年快乐!)
Happy Birthday!(生日快乐!)
5.形式变化:happier(比较级) happiest(最高级) happily (副词)
unhappy(反义词:不开心的,不幸福的) happiness(幸福,快乐)
Exercises
⑥ happy / h pi/ adj.
一、单项选择
1.-Why are you so ______
-Because I got an “A” in the English test.
A. happy B. sad C. angry
2.The children are ______ with their new toys.
A. happy B. unhappy C. angrily
3.I'm very ______ to meet you here.
A. happy B. happily C. happiness
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.We had a ________ (happy) day yesterday.
2.She looks ________ (happy) today than yesterday.
3.The ________ (happy) on her face shows that she is very satisfied with the result.
A
A
A
happy
happier
happiness
Exercises
⑥ happy / h pi/ adj.
三、翻译句子
1.他听到这个好消息很高兴。
2.我们对这次旅行很满意。
3.祝你新年快乐!
He is very happy to hear the good news.
We are very happy with this trip.
Happy New Year to you!
Words and expressions
⑦ all / l/ adj./pron./adv.
用法:1. 作形容词:修饰名词,意为 “所有的;全部的”
直接修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,位于定冠词、指示代词、物主代词之前。
eg:All students must wear uniforms.(所有学生必须穿校服。)
She ate all the bread.(她吃掉了所有的面包。)
注意:修饰单数可数名词时,意为 “整个的”。
eg:He worked all day.(他工作了一整天。)
2. 作代词:意为 “全部;所有(人 / 物)”
指代复数名词时,谓语动词用复数;指代不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数。
eg:All are here.(所有人都到了。)(指代人,复数)
All is well.(一切都好。)(指代事物,单数)
常用搭配:
all of + 宾语(宾格代词 / 名词):意为 “…… 中的全部”。
eg:All of them agreed with me.(他们所有人都同意我。)
All of the water is dirty.(所有的水都脏了。)
Words and expressions
⑦ all / l/ adj./pron./adv.
用法:
3. 作副词:意为 “完全;都”,修饰形容词、副词或介词短语
eg:She was all wet after the rain.(雨后她全身都湿了。)
They walked all along the river.(他们沿着河一直走。)
4. 常见固定搭配
all day/night:整天 / 整夜
all the time:一直;总是
all kinds of:各种各样的
all over:到处;遍及
not...at all:一点也不(用于否定句,加强语气)
eg:I don’t like coffee at all.(我一点也不喜欢咖啡。)
Exercises
⑦ all / l/ adj./pron./adv.
一、单项选择
1.______ the students in our class like English.
A. All B. All of C. Every D. Each
2.—Do you know ______ about the accident
—Yes, I heard ______ about it on the news.
A. all; all B. all; everything C. everything; all D. everything; everything
3.She spent ______ morning reading books.
A. whole B. the all C. all the D. all
4.—Would you like some cake
—No, thanks. I don’t want ______ .
A. all B. any C. some D. none
5.They were ______ tired after the long trip.
A. all B. both C. every D. each
A
A
C
B
A
Exercises
⑦ all / l/ adj./pron./adv.
二、用 “all” 或 “all of” 填空
1.______ us are interested in the new film.
2.______ children love playing games.
3.He finished ______ his homework before dinner.
4.______ the money was spent on books.
三、翻译句子
1.所有的老师都很友好。
2.我一点也不喜欢这个主意。
3.他们一整天都在打篮球。
All
All of
all
All of
All the teachers are very friendly.
I don’t like this idea at all.
They played basketball all day.
Words and expressions
⑧ read
用法:
1. 及物动词(后接宾语)
直接接 “书籍、报纸、信件” 等名词,意为 “读……”。
eg:I often read books in the evening.(我经常在晚上看书。)
She is reading a letter from her friend.(她正在读朋友的来信。)
接 “语言、符号” 等,意为 “看懂;辨认”。
eg:Can you read Chinese (你能看懂中文吗?)
He can’t read the sign.(他看不懂这个指示牌。)
2. 不及物动词(不接宾语)
强调 “阅读” 的动作或状态。
eg:My brother likes reading.(我弟弟喜欢读书。)
She often reads in the library.(她经常在图书馆看书。)
Words and expressions
⑧ read
用法:
3. 常用搭配
read aloud:大声朗读
eg:The teacher asked us to read the text aloud.
(老师让我们大声朗读课文。)
read about:读到关于……
eg:I read about the news in the newspaper.
(我在报纸上读到了这条新闻。)
read for:为…… 而读(强调目的)
eg:We read for knowledge.(我们为获取知识而读书。)
read to sb.:给某人读……
eg:My mom often reads stories to me before bed.
(妈妈经常在睡前给我读故事。)
Words and expressions
⑧ read
用法:
4. 时态变化(初中重点)
原形:read /ri d/
第三人称单数:reads /ri dz/
现在分词:reading / ri d /
过去式:read /red/
过去分词:read /red/
eg:He reads a book every day.(一般现在时)
She read a novel yesterday.(一般过去时)
They have read this magazine.(现在完成时)
Exercises
⑧ read
一、单项选择
1.My sister ______ English books every morning.
A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read
2.—What ______ you ______ last night
—I ______ a newspaper.
A. do; read; read B. did; read; read
C. did; read; red D. do; read; red
3.The students are ______ the new words ______ .
A. read; aloud B. reading; loudly
C. reading; aloud D. read; loudly
4.Can you ______ this word in French
A. read B. say C. speak D. tell
B
B
C
A
Exercises
⑧ read
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.My father often _______ (read) newspapers after dinner.
2.Look! The girl __________ (read) a storybook under the tree.
3.They ________ (not read) the letter yesterday.
4.We ________ (read) this book twice already.
三、翻译句子
1.她每天晚上给儿子读故事。
2.我昨天没有读那本英语书。
3.他们正在大声朗读课文。
reads
is reading
didn’t read
have read
She reads stories to her son every night.
I didn’t read that English book yesterday.
They are reading the text aloud.
Words and expressions
⑨ and / nd/
1. 连接两个或多个并列的名词、代词
连接名词:表示 “和”,指并列的人或事物。
eg:I have a pen and a ruler.(我有一支钢笔和一把尺子。)
Tom and Lucy are good friends.(汤姆和露西是好朋友。)
连接代词:通常用于主语、宾语等成分。
eg:She and I go to school together.(她和我一起上学。)(注意:并列代词作主语时,顺序通常为 “你→他 / 她 / 它→我”,即 you, he and I)
eg:My mom bought gifts for him and me.(妈妈给我和他买了礼物。)
2. 连接两个或多个并列的形容词、副词
连接形容词:描述同一事物的不同特征。
eg:The room is big and bright.(这个房间又大又明亮。)
连接副词:描述动作的不同方式或状态。
eg:He runs fast and steadily.(他跑得又快又稳。)
Words and expressions
⑨ and / nd/
3. 连接两个并列的动词或动词短语
表示两个动作先后发生或同时进行。
eg:She sings and dances at the party.(她在派对上又唱又跳。)
I get up and brush my teeth every morning.(我每天早上起床后刷牙。)
4. 连接两个并列的句子
表示前后句子的顺承、并列关系。
eg:I like apples, and my brother likes bananas.
(我喜欢苹果,我弟弟喜欢香蕉。)
eg:It was late, and we had to go home.(天晚了,我们得回家了。)
5. 特殊用法:用于 “祈使句 + and + 陈述句” 结构,意为 “如果…… 就会……”,1)表示条件与结果的关系。eg:Study hard, and you will pass the exam.(努力学习,你就会通过考试。)
2)连接数词时,表示 “加”(相当于 plus)。
eg:3 and 5 is 8.(3 加 5 等于 8。)
Exercises
⑨ exercise / eks sa z/ n./v.
一、单项选择
1.I have a cat ______ a dog as pets.
A. but B. and C. or D. so
2.______ Tom ______ Jim are in Class 2.
A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Not only; but also D. And; and
3.Come early, ______ you will catch the first bus.
A. but B. or C. and D. so
4.She can speak English ______ Chinese very well.
A. but B. and C. so D. or
二、用 and 连接下列短语或句子
1.He likes playing basketball. He likes swimming.
2.I have a red pen. I have a blue pencil.
B
A
C
B
He likes playing basketball and swimming.
I have a red pen and a blue pencil.
Exercises
⑨ exercise / eks sa z/ n./v.
3.The girl is tall. The girl is thin.
三、翻译句子(用 and 连接)
1.我喜欢面包和牛奶作为早餐。
2.她聪明又勤奋。
3.打开窗户,你会看到一片花园。
The girl is tall and thin.
I like bread and milk for breakfast.
She is smart and hard-working.
Open the window, and you will see a garden.
Words and expressions
⑩ with /w / prep.
用法:
1. 表示 “和…… 一起”(强调伴随关系)
后接人或物,指与某人 / 某物一同行动。
eg:I often go to school with my best friend.
(我经常和我最好的朋友一起上学。)
She lives with her parents.(她和父母住在一起。)
2. 表示 “带有、具有”(描述人或事物的特征)
后接名词,说明人或物附带的属性、特征。
eg:He is a boy with big eyes.(他是一个有着大眼睛的男孩。)
I want a cup of coffee with milk.(我想要一杯加牛奶的咖啡。)
3. 表示 “用…… 工具 / 手段”(强调使用的具体工具)
后接具体的工具、材料等,区别于 "by"(by 多接抽象方式,如 by bus, by hand)。eg:We write with pens.(我们用钢笔写字。)
She cut the cake with a knife.(她用刀切开了蛋糕。)
Words and expressions
⑩ with /w / prep.
4. 表示 “伴随…… 状态”(说明动作发生时的伴随情况)
常与分词或形容词搭配,描述动作发生时的状态。
eg:He slept with the window open.(他开着窗户睡觉。)
The teacher came in with a smile on her face.(老师面带微笑走了进来。)
5. 表示 “关于、对于”(用于固定搭配中)
常见于 "be angry with"(对…… 生气)、"be strict with"(对…… 严格)等短语。
eg:His mother was angry with him for being late.
(他妈妈因为他迟到而生气。)
Our teacher is strict with us.(我们老师对我们很严格。)
6. 表示 “随着”(强调随时间或情况变化)
常用于描述事物随另一事物变化的过程。
eg:With the development of technology, life becomes easier.
(随着科技的发展,生活变得更便捷。)
Exercises
⑩ with /w / prep.
一、单项选择
1.She often plays tennis ______ her sister.
A. for B. with C. at D. on
2.The house ______ a big garden is mine.
A. with B. has C. in D. on
3.We can see ______ our eyes.
A. by B. in C. with D. use
4.My dad is strict ______ me ______ my studies.
A. with; in B. in; with C. with; with D. in; in
(二)用 with 填空
1.The girl ______ long hair is my cousin.
2.He went to the park ______ his dog yesterday.
3.She painted the picture ______ a brush.
4.______ time going on, we became good friends.
B
A
C
A
with
with
with
With
Exercises
⑩ with /w / prep.
三、翻译句子(用 with)
1.他用左手写字。
2.那个戴红帽子的女孩是我的同学。
3.我和我的家人一起庆祝生日。
He writes with his left hand.
The girl with a red hat is my classmate.
I celebrate my birthday with my family.
Homework
1.复习巩固上课所学词汇;
2.订正错题。
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.ph
让备课更有效
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