资源简介 (共43张PPT)Starer Welcome to junior high!Lesson 5 Words and Expressions(2025年秋新外研版)七年级上Learning objectivesReview some words and expressions of the text;0102Learn some core words and expressions of the text.Words and expressions① structure / str kt (r)/1. 作名词(最常用)(1)表示 “结构;构造”(指事物的组成方式或内部构造)可用于描述物体、文章、句子等的组成框架。eg:The structure of this building is very strong.(这座建筑的结构很坚固。)We need to learn the basic structure of a sentence.(我们需要学习句子的基本结构。)The essay has a clear structure: introduction, main body and conclusion.(这篇文章结构清晰:引言、主体和结论。)(2)表示 “建筑物;构造物”(指具体的大型建筑或工程结构)eg:The bridge is an important structure in the city.(这座桥是城市里的重要建筑物。)Words and expressions① structure / str kt (r)/2. 作动词(初中阶段较少见,了解即可)含义:构建;组织;安排(指按一定结构整理或建立事物)。例句:She structured her speech carefully.(她精心组织了自己的演讲。)3. 常用搭配sentence structure:句子结构social structure:社会结构family structure:家庭结构4. 易混点提示structure 侧重 “整体的组成框架”,如建筑的结构、文章的结构;construction 侧重 “建造的过程或具体的建筑工程”,如 “房屋的建造”(the construction of a house)。Exercises① structure / str kt (r)/一、根据句意用 structure 的适当形式填空:1.The _________ of the human body is very complex.2.This old _________ was built in the 19th century.3.You should pay attention to the _______ of your composition.二、选择填空:The teacher asked us to analyze the _______ of the story.A. structure B. build C. form三、翻译句子:1.这个句子的结构不正确。2.这座塔是一个很特别的建筑。structurestructurestructureAThe structure of this sentence is not correct.This tower is a very special structure.Words and expressions② favourite(英式)/ fe v r t/ adj./n.1. 作形容词意为 “最喜欢的”,仅用于名词前作定语,强调在多个事物中最偏好的。eg:My favourite color is blue.(我最喜欢的颜色是蓝色。)Maths is her favourite subject.(数学是她最喜欢的学科。)What’s your favourite food (你最喜欢的食物是什么?)2. 作名词意为 “最喜欢的人(或物)”,可指人、物品、活动等,通常需结合上下文明确指代对象。eg:Ice cream is my favourite.(冰淇淋是我的最爱。)Her favourites are action movies.(她最喜欢的是动作片。)The song has become a favourite among students.(这首歌成了学生们的最爱。)Words and expressions② favourite(英式)/ fe v r t/ adj./n.3. 用法注意作形容词时,无比较级和最高级(本身已含 “最” 的含义)。后接名词时,名词可单数也可复数,根据实际情况判断:单数:指 “某一类中最喜欢的一个”,eg: “My favourite book is Harry Potter.”(我最喜欢的书是《哈利波特》。)复数:指 “某一类中最喜欢的多个”,eg: “Her favourite fruits are apples and strawberries.”(她最喜欢的水果是苹果和草莓。)4. 常见搭配favourite sport 最喜欢的运动favourite teacher 最喜欢的老师favourite season 最喜欢的季节all-time favourite 一直以来的最爱Exercises② favourite(英式)/ fe v r t/ adj./n.一、用 favourite 的适当形式填空(注意结合语境判断词性):1.What’s your _________ animal 2.Chocolate cakes are my _________.3.English is one of his __________ subjects.二、选择填空:My _______ singer will give a concert next week.A. favourite B. like C. love三、翻译句子:1.她最喜欢的电影是《蜘蛛侠》。2.周末去公园是我们全家的最爱。favouritfavouritesfavouriteAHer favourite movie is Spider-Man.Going to the park on weekends is our family’s favourite.Words and expressions③ lesson / lesn/ n.用法:1. 表示 “(一节)课;课程”指学校里具体的一节课,或某一学科的系列课程,是最常用的含义。搭配:表示 “某学科的课”:maths lesson(数学课)、English lesson(英语课)表示 “一节课的时长”:a 45-minute lesson(一节 45 分钟的课)表示 “上课 / 下课”:have a lesson(上课)、finish a lesson(下课)eg:We have six lessons every day.(我们每天有六节课。)The first lesson starts at 8:00 a.m.(第一节课早上 8 点开始。)She is preparing for tomorrow’s history lesson.(她正在为明天的历史课做准备。)Words and expressions③ lesson / lesn/ n.用法:2. 表示 “教训;经验”指从错误或经历中得到的启示,通常用于抽象意义。搭配:learn a lesson(吸取教训)teach sb. a lesson(给某人一个教训)eg:He learned a valuable lesson from his failure.(他从失败中吸取了宝贵的教训。)The accident taught us an important lesson about safety.(这次事故给我们上了一堂重要的安全课。)3. 其他常见搭配lesson plan:教案piano lesson:钢琴课(课外辅导班性质的课程)Lesson One /the first lesson:第一课(教材中的单元)Words and expressions③ lesson / lesn/ n.用法:4.易混词辨析单词 含义区别 例句对比lesson 侧重 “具体的一节课” 或 “教训”,可指学校课程或课外辅导课。 We have a music lesson today.class 侧重 “班级;全班学生”,也可指 “一节课”,但更强调 “课堂集体活动”。 The class is listening to the teacher.course 侧重 “系列课程”(如一门学科的完整课程),时间较长,范围较广。 She is taking a French course.Exercises③ lesson / lesn/ n.一、根据句意用 lesson 填空:1.We have two _______ in the afternoon.2.You should learn a _______ from this mistake.3._______ Five is about environmental protection.二、选择填空:She has a _______ every Saturday afternoon.A. class B. lesson C. course(提示:句中 “every Saturday afternoon” 暗示 “每周一次的具体课程”)三、翻译句子:1.我们昨天的科学课很有趣。2.他从这次经历中学到了一个深刻的教训。lessonslessonLessonBOur science lesson yesterday was very interesting.He learned a deep lesson from this experience.Words and expressions④ love /l v/ v./n.用法:1. 作动词:表示 “爱;热爱;喜欢”基本结构:love + 宾语(人 / 物 /doing sth./to do sth.)接人:表示喜爱某人(情感上的爱)。eg:She loves her parents very much.(她非常爱她的父母。)接物:表示喜欢某物(对事物的喜爱)。eg:I love this song.(我喜欢这首歌。)接doing sth.:表示 “长期喜欢做某事”(习惯性的爱好)。eg:He loves playing basketball.(他喜欢打篮球。)接to do sth.:表示 “具体某次喜欢做某事”(一次性的意愿)。eg:I love to read books on weekends.(我喜欢在周末看书。)Words and expressions④ love /l v/ v./n.用法:2. 作名词:表示 “爱;热爱;喜爱的人 / 物”不可数名词(表示 “爱” 的情感):eg:Love is important in our life.(爱在我们的生活中很重要。)可数名词(表示 “喜爱的人或物”,常用单数):eg:My cat is my great love.(我的猫是我的至爱。)3. 常见短语fall in love with...:爱上……(强调动作)eg:They fell in love with each other at first sight.(他们一见钟情。)in love with...:处于恋爱中(强调状态)eg:She is in love with a doctor.(她爱上了一位医生。)Exercises④ love /l v/ v./n.一、用所给词的适当形式填空1.She loves _________ (dance) in the park.2.My little sister loves _________ (watch) cartoons every evening.3.They _________ (love) their country deeply.二、单项选择1.Tom loves ______ basketball with his friends after school.A. play B. playing C. plays D. to playing2.—Do you love ______ to the cinema —Yes, I do. Let’s go this weekend.A. go B. goes C. going D. to go3.Her ______ for music makes her practice every day.A. love B. loves C. loving D. loveddancingwatchingloveBDAExercises④ love /l v/ v./n.三、翻译句子1.我热爱我的家庭。2.他喜欢在夏天游泳。3.他们爱上了这座美丽的城市。I love my family.He loves swimming in summer.They fell in love with this beautiful city.Words and expressions⑤ basic / be s k/ adj./n.用法:1. 作形容词:表示 “基本的;基础的;初级的”用于修饰名词,强调事物的 “基础部分” 或 “入门级别”,是进一步学习或发展的起点。常见搭配:basic knowledge(基础知识)eg:You need to learn some basic knowledge of English first.(你首先需要学习一些英语基础知识。)basic skills(基本技能)eg:Cooking is one of the basic skills in life.(做饭是生活中的基本技能之一。)basic rules(基本规则)eg:Follow the basic rules of the game, please.(请遵守游戏的基本规则。)basic needs(基本需求)eg:Food and water are our basic needs.(食物和水是我们的基本需求。)Words and expressions⑤ basic / be s k/ adj./n.用法:2. 作名词:表示 “基础;基本原理;入门知识”(常用复数形式 basics)强调某领域最基础的内容,通常用复数。eg:Let’s start with the basics of math.(我们从数学的基础开始吧。)She’s still learning the basics of driving.(她还在学习驾驶的基本知识。)3. 常见短语get back to basics:回归本源;从基础做起eg:If you want to improve your writing, get back to basics—practice grammar first.(如果你想提高写作,就回归本源 —— 先练习语法。)Exercises⑤ basic / be s k/ adj./n.一、用 basic 的适当形式填空1.It’s important to master the ______ of computer operation.2.This book teaches ______ English grammar for beginners.3.Before learning advanced skills, you must first learn the _____ ones.二、单项选择1.Young children should learn___table manners before going to parties.A. basic B. basically C. base D. basics2.The course starts with the__of painting, such as how to hold a brush.A. basic B. basics C. basical D. base3.______ needs like air and water are necessary for all living things.A. Base B. Basics C. Basic D. BasicallybasicsbasicbasicABCExercises⑤ basic / be s k/ adj./n.三、翻译句子1.每个学生都应该掌握基本的科学知识。2.这门课会教你摄影的基础知识。3.在学习高级数学之前,先学好基础知识很重要。Every student should master basic scientific knowledge.It’s important to learn basic knowledge well before studying advanced math.This course will teach you the basics of photography.Words and expressions⑥ happy / h pi/ adj.用法:1.表示 “高兴的,快乐的”:可作表语和定语。作表语时,主语通常是人,表示人的情绪状态。eg:I am very happy today.(我今天非常高兴。)作定语时,用于修饰名词,eg: a happy child(一个快乐的孩子)。2.表示 “对…… 满意的”:常用搭配为 be happy with。eg:The teacher is happy with my homework.(老师对我的作业很满意。)3.表示 “乐意的”:常用结构为 be happy to do sth.。eg:I'll be happy to help you.(我很乐意帮助你。)4.用于祝愿语中:常见的有 Happy New Year!(新年快乐!)Happy Birthday!(生日快乐!)5.形式变化:happier(比较级) happiest(最高级) happily (副词)unhappy(反义词:不开心的,不幸福的) happiness(幸福,快乐)Exercises⑥ happy / h pi/ adj.一、单项选择1.-Why are you so ______ -Because I got an “A” in the English test.A. happy B. sad C. angry2.The children are ______ with their new toys.A. happy B. unhappy C. angrily3.I'm very ______ to meet you here.A. happy B. happily C. happiness二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.We had a ________ (happy) day yesterday.2.She looks ________ (happy) today than yesterday.3.The ________ (happy) on her face shows that she is very satisfied with the result.AAAhappyhappierhappinessExercises⑥ happy / h pi/ adj.三、翻译句子1.他听到这个好消息很高兴。2.我们对这次旅行很满意。3.祝你新年快乐!He is very happy to hear the good news.We are very happy with this trip.Happy New Year to you!Words and expressions⑦ all / l/ adj./pron./adv.用法:1. 作形容词:修饰名词,意为 “所有的;全部的”直接修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,位于定冠词、指示代词、物主代词之前。eg:All students must wear uniforms.(所有学生必须穿校服。)She ate all the bread.(她吃掉了所有的面包。)注意:修饰单数可数名词时,意为 “整个的”。eg:He worked all day.(他工作了一整天。)2. 作代词:意为 “全部;所有(人 / 物)”指代复数名词时,谓语动词用复数;指代不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数。eg:All are here.(所有人都到了。)(指代人,复数)All is well.(一切都好。)(指代事物,单数)常用搭配:all of + 宾语(宾格代词 / 名词):意为 “…… 中的全部”。eg:All of them agreed with me.(他们所有人都同意我。)All of the water is dirty.(所有的水都脏了。)Words and expressions⑦ all / l/ adj./pron./adv.用法:3. 作副词:意为 “完全;都”,修饰形容词、副词或介词短语eg:She was all wet after the rain.(雨后她全身都湿了。)They walked all along the river.(他们沿着河一直走。)4. 常见固定搭配all day/night:整天 / 整夜all the time:一直;总是all kinds of:各种各样的all over:到处;遍及not...at all:一点也不(用于否定句,加强语气)eg:I don’t like coffee at all.(我一点也不喜欢咖啡。)Exercises⑦ all / l/ adj./pron./adv.一、单项选择1.______ the students in our class like English.A. All B. All of C. Every D. Each2.—Do you know ______ about the accident —Yes, I heard ______ about it on the news.A. all; all B. all; everything C. everything; all D. everything; everything3.She spent ______ morning reading books.A. whole B. the all C. all the D. all4.—Would you like some cake —No, thanks. I don’t want ______ .A. all B. any C. some D. none5.They were ______ tired after the long trip.A. all B. both C. every D. eachAACBAExercises⑦ all / l/ adj./pron./adv.二、用 “all” 或 “all of” 填空1.______ us are interested in the new film.2.______ children love playing games.3.He finished ______ his homework before dinner.4.______ the money was spent on books.三、翻译句子1.所有的老师都很友好。2.我一点也不喜欢这个主意。3.他们一整天都在打篮球。AllAll ofallAll ofAll the teachers are very friendly.I don’t like this idea at all.They played basketball all day.Words and expressions⑧ read用法:1. 及物动词(后接宾语)直接接 “书籍、报纸、信件” 等名词,意为 “读……”。eg:I often read books in the evening.(我经常在晚上看书。)She is reading a letter from her friend.(她正在读朋友的来信。)接 “语言、符号” 等,意为 “看懂;辨认”。eg:Can you read Chinese (你能看懂中文吗?)He can’t read the sign.(他看不懂这个指示牌。)2. 不及物动词(不接宾语)强调 “阅读” 的动作或状态。eg:My brother likes reading.(我弟弟喜欢读书。)She often reads in the library.(她经常在图书馆看书。)Words and expressions⑧ read用法:3. 常用搭配read aloud:大声朗读eg:The teacher asked us to read the text aloud.(老师让我们大声朗读课文。)read about:读到关于……eg:I read about the news in the newspaper.(我在报纸上读到了这条新闻。)read for:为…… 而读(强调目的)eg:We read for knowledge.(我们为获取知识而读书。)read to sb.:给某人读……eg:My mom often reads stories to me before bed.(妈妈经常在睡前给我读故事。)Words and expressions⑧ read用法:4. 时态变化(初中重点)原形:read /ri d/第三人称单数:reads /ri dz/现在分词:reading / ri d /过去式:read /red/过去分词:read /red/eg:He reads a book every day.(一般现在时)She read a novel yesterday.(一般过去时)They have read this magazine.(现在完成时)Exercises⑧ read一、单项选择1.My sister ______ English books every morning.A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read2.—What ______ you ______ last night —I ______ a newspaper.A. do; read; read B. did; read; readC. did; read; red D. do; read; red3.The students are ______ the new words ______ .A. read; aloud B. reading; loudlyC. reading; aloud D. read; loudly4.Can you ______ this word in French A. read B. say C. speak D. tellBBCAExercises⑧ read二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.My father often _______ (read) newspapers after dinner.2.Look! The girl __________ (read) a storybook under the tree.3.They ________ (not read) the letter yesterday.4.We ________ (read) this book twice already.三、翻译句子1.她每天晚上给儿子读故事。2.我昨天没有读那本英语书。3.他们正在大声朗读课文。readsis readingdidn’t readhave readShe reads stories to her son every night.I didn’t read that English book yesterday.They are reading the text aloud.Words and expressions⑨ and / nd/1. 连接两个或多个并列的名词、代词连接名词:表示 “和”,指并列的人或事物。eg:I have a pen and a ruler.(我有一支钢笔和一把尺子。)Tom and Lucy are good friends.(汤姆和露西是好朋友。)连接代词:通常用于主语、宾语等成分。eg:She and I go to school together.(她和我一起上学。)(注意:并列代词作主语时,顺序通常为 “你→他 / 她 / 它→我”,即 you, he and I)eg:My mom bought gifts for him and me.(妈妈给我和他买了礼物。)2. 连接两个或多个并列的形容词、副词连接形容词:描述同一事物的不同特征。eg:The room is big and bright.(这个房间又大又明亮。)连接副词:描述动作的不同方式或状态。eg:He runs fast and steadily.(他跑得又快又稳。)Words and expressions⑨ and / nd/3. 连接两个并列的动词或动词短语表示两个动作先后发生或同时进行。eg:She sings and dances at the party.(她在派对上又唱又跳。)I get up and brush my teeth every morning.(我每天早上起床后刷牙。)4. 连接两个并列的句子表示前后句子的顺承、并列关系。eg:I like apples, and my brother likes bananas.(我喜欢苹果,我弟弟喜欢香蕉。)eg:It was late, and we had to go home.(天晚了,我们得回家了。)5. 特殊用法:用于 “祈使句 + and + 陈述句” 结构,意为 “如果…… 就会……”,1)表示条件与结果的关系。eg:Study hard, and you will pass the exam.(努力学习,你就会通过考试。)2)连接数词时,表示 “加”(相当于 plus)。eg:3 and 5 is 8.(3 加 5 等于 8。)Exercises⑨ exercise / eks sa z/ n./v.一、单项选择1.I have a cat ______ a dog as pets.A. but B. and C. or D. so2.______ Tom ______ Jim are in Class 2.A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Not only; but also D. And; and3.Come early, ______ you will catch the first bus.A. but B. or C. and D. so4.She can speak English ______ Chinese very well.A. but B. and C. so D. or二、用 and 连接下列短语或句子1.He likes playing basketball. He likes swimming.2.I have a red pen. I have a blue pencil.BACBHe likes playing basketball and swimming.I have a red pen and a blue pencil.Exercises⑨ exercise / eks sa z/ n./v.3.The girl is tall. The girl is thin.三、翻译句子(用 and 连接)1.我喜欢面包和牛奶作为早餐。2.她聪明又勤奋。3.打开窗户,你会看到一片花园。The girl is tall and thin.I like bread and milk for breakfast.She is smart and hard-working.Open the window, and you will see a garden.Words and expressions⑩ with /w / prep.用法:1. 表示 “和…… 一起”(强调伴随关系)后接人或物,指与某人 / 某物一同行动。eg:I often go to school with my best friend.(我经常和我最好的朋友一起上学。)She lives with her parents.(她和父母住在一起。)2. 表示 “带有、具有”(描述人或事物的特征)后接名词,说明人或物附带的属性、特征。eg:He is a boy with big eyes.(他是一个有着大眼睛的男孩。)I want a cup of coffee with milk.(我想要一杯加牛奶的咖啡。)3. 表示 “用…… 工具 / 手段”(强调使用的具体工具)后接具体的工具、材料等,区别于 "by"(by 多接抽象方式,如 by bus, by hand)。eg:We write with pens.(我们用钢笔写字。)She cut the cake with a knife.(她用刀切开了蛋糕。)Words and expressions⑩ with /w / prep.4. 表示 “伴随…… 状态”(说明动作发生时的伴随情况)常与分词或形容词搭配,描述动作发生时的状态。eg:He slept with the window open.(他开着窗户睡觉。)The teacher came in with a smile on her face.(老师面带微笑走了进来。)5. 表示 “关于、对于”(用于固定搭配中)常见于 "be angry with"(对…… 生气)、"be strict with"(对…… 严格)等短语。eg:His mother was angry with him for being late.(他妈妈因为他迟到而生气。)Our teacher is strict with us.(我们老师对我们很严格。)6. 表示 “随着”(强调随时间或情况变化)常用于描述事物随另一事物变化的过程。eg:With the development of technology, life becomes easier.(随着科技的发展,生活变得更便捷。)Exercises⑩ with /w / prep.一、单项选择1.She often plays tennis ______ her sister.A. for B. with C. at D. on2.The house ______ a big garden is mine.A. with B. has C. in D. on3.We can see ______ our eyes.A. by B. in C. with D. use4.My dad is strict ______ me ______ my studies.A. with; in B. in; with C. with; with D. in; in(二)用 with 填空1.The girl ______ long hair is my cousin.2.He went to the park ______ his dog yesterday.3.She painted the picture ______ a brush.4.______ time going on, we became good friends.BACAwithwithwithWithExercises⑩ with /w / prep.三、翻译句子(用 with)1.他用左手写字。2.那个戴红帽子的女孩是我的同学。3.我和我的家人一起庆祝生日。He writes with his left hand.The girl with a red hat is my classmate.I celebrate my birthday with my family.Homework1.复习巩固上课所学词汇;2.订正错题。https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.ph让备课更有效www.21cnjy.comThanks! 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览